Cylindrical part inner welding seam surplus height grinding tool and using method

Abstract

The invention discloses a cylindrical part inner welding seam surplus height grinding tool and a using method, the cylindrical part inner welding seam surplus height grinding tool comprises two limiting clamping rings, two baffle rings and a main shaft, and the two limiting clamping rings are arranged on the main shaft in a sleeving mode through deep groove ball bearings; the two baffle rings are arranged on the rotating shaft in a sleeving manner and are positioned between the two limiting clamping rings; one end of the spindle is matched with a grinding machine, and the other end is a mounting section of the limiting tool. Elastic check rings are installed on the inner circumferential surfaces of the limiting clamping rings respectively. The inner welding seam polishing limiting tool is adopted for polishing the inner welding seam, the surplus height of the inner welding seam can be controlled within 0.2 mm, good operability is achieved, the operation difficulty can be reduced, meanwhile, the polishing thinning precision is effectively controlled, the polishing quality problem caused by manual angle adjustment intervention of personnel is reduced, and the polishing efficiency is improved. And shell thinning and damage caused by excessive polishing in the machining process are avoided, and the polishing quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pressure vessel shell manufacturing, and is a tooling for limiting and controlling the grinding of excess weld height inside cylindrical parts. Background Technology

[0002] The quality of internal weld grinding relies heavily on the operator's experience. The smaller the shell diameter and the thinner the wall thickness, the stricter the wall thickness tolerance, making grinding more difficult. For grinding small-diameter shells, operators need a certain number of years of experience. During manual grinding, due to the difficulty in real-time detection of the shell wall thickness and precise control of the grinding amount, it is easy to cause the shell wall thickness to exceed tolerances, mainly in the following aspects:

[0003] 1. Due to the misalignment during product assembly and shrinkage deformation during welding, the substrates on both sides of the inner weld are not ideally the same surface. During grinding, in order to completely eliminate the back fusion line, it is very easy to damage and thin the substrate on the more prominent side, causing the product to exceed tolerances or even be scrapped.

[0004] 2. In order to ensure the quality of subsequent bonding of the shell insulation layer, the weld reinforcement height is generally required to be no more than 0.2mm. For models with internal weld reinforcement height control requirements, it is difficult to completely control the reinforcement height within a small range due to the welding itself. For models with a requirement of 0.2mm, this requirement is difficult to quantify.

[0005] 3. Some shells with small diameters and small openings at both ends make it impossible for operators to enter the shell. When polishing, they can only put their arms inside the shell or make a polishing extension rod to operate from the outside. When polishing, they can only observe through the narrow gap at the opening. The dust inside the shell can easily form turbulence, affecting the accuracy of observation and polishing.

[0006] A utility model patent with publication number CN216759263U discloses a grinding fixture for roller welds. This fixture includes a work platform with a rotatable support roller inside. A sliding support plate and a power mechanism for driving its movement are located at one end of the platform. The platform and the support plate each have a groove (groove 1 and groove 2), both fitted with grinding components. An inverted U-shaped limiting frame is also provided on the support plate and the work platform. The limiting frame has a limiting mechanism 1 to prevent axial movement of the roller and a limiting mechanism 2 to prevent vertical movement, adaptable to grinding welds of rollers of different lengths. However, it cannot grind specific small-diameter shells with small openings at both ends.

[0007] A utility model patent with publication number CN222741032U discloses a stainless steel welded pipe weld seam grinding device. This device includes a weld seam grinding installation assembly, a stainless steel pipe drive end limiting assembly, and a stainless steel pipe limiting assembly. It locks the stainless steel pipe from the inside of both ends, eliminating obstruction from the clamp protrusions, allowing for normal grinding even when the weld seam is close to both ends of the pipe. However, it cannot grind shells with specific small diameters and small openings at both ends. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, such as difficulty in controlling the amount of grinding excess, which can lead to product defects or even scrap, and difficulty in controlling the accuracy of grinding when the operator cannot enter the shell, this invention proposes a tooling and method for grinding the excess height of weld seams inside cylindrical parts.

[0009] The present invention proposes a fixture for grinding the excess weld height inside cylindrical parts, comprising a limiting nut, two limiting retaining rings, two retaining rings, a main shaft, two elastic retaining rings, and a spring washer. The limiting retaining rings are a first limiting retaining ring and a second limiting retaining ring; the two retaining rings are a first retaining ring and a second retaining ring.

[0010] The two retaining rings are respectively mounted on the spindle via deep groove ball bearings. The outer end face of the deep groove ball bearing of the second retaining ring is positioned by a shoulder on the spindle, and the deep groove ball bearing of the second retaining ring is interference-fitted with the spindle. The deep groove ball bearing of the first retaining ring is clearance-fitted with the spindle.

[0011] Both retaining rings are fitted onto the rotating shaft and positioned between the two limiting retaining rings, such that the first retaining ring is located at one end of the first limiting retaining ring, and its end face is in contact with the deep groove ball bearing end face of the first limiting retaining ring; the second retaining ring is located at one end of the second limiting retaining ring, and its end face is in contact with the deep groove ball bearing end face of the second limiting retaining ring.

[0012] One end of the spindle is a mounting section that mates with the grinding wheel, and the other end is a mounting section for a limiting fixture.

[0013] The distance between the end faces of the two retaining rings is the same as the axial length of the grinding wheel.

[0014] An elastic retaining ring is installed on the inner circumferential surface of the first limiting retaining ring and the inner circumferential surface of the second limiting retaining ring to limit the axial position of each deep groove ball bearing.

[0015] The spring washer is installed on the inner surface of the first limiting ring and is located between the limiting nut and the deep groove ball bearing.

[0016] The outer diameter d of the two limiting rings x Larger than the outer diameter d of the grinding wheel s Large, and d x -ds =δ, δ = 0.2mm; outer diameter d of the limiting ring x With the outer diameter d of the grinding wheel s The outer diameter difference is the same as the weld reinforcement required by the design. The inner circumferential surface of each of the aforementioned retaining rings is a stepped surface, with the end face of the smallest inner diameter at one end serving as the positioning surface of the deep groove ball bearing, and the other end having a mounting groove for the elastic retaining ring. The inner diameter of the bearing mating surface on the inner surface of each retaining ring is the same as the outer diameter of the deep groove ball bearing. Weight reduction holes are machined on the end face of each retaining ring.

[0017] The inner diameters of the two retaining rings are the same as the diameter of the spindle. The outer circumferential surface of the retaining ring is a stepped surface, and the small outer diameter section at one end is the mounting section for the grinding wheel.

[0018] The specific process of using the grinding fixture for the inner weld excess height of the cylindrical part proposed in this invention is as follows:

[0019] Step 1, Install the grinding wheel:

[0020] Remove the limiting nut, and then remove the first limiting retaining ring and the first retaining ring in sequence. Mount the grinding wheel onto the rotating shaft, and secure one end of the grinding wheel to the mounting section of the second retaining ring. Assemble the first retaining ring, the first limiting retaining ring, and the limiting nut in sequence, and secure the other end of the grinding wheel to the mounting section of the first retaining ring. The grinding wheel installation is now complete.

[0021] Step 2, Tooling Installation:

[0022] The grinding limit fixture is connected to the tooling interface of the grinding machine through the mounting section of the grinding wheel on the rotating shaft.

[0023] Step 3, Grinding the weld seam excess:

[0024] The grinding and positioning device is placed inside the cylindrical part, and the grinding wheel is aligned with the position of the weld seam on the inner surface of the cylindrical part.

[0025] Start the grinding machine and grind the weld surface at a speed of 3000-10000 r / min.

[0026] When the outer circumferential surface of the limiting ring in the grinding limiting fixture comes into contact with the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical part, the weld excess height is ground to the design requirements.

[0027] During use, the grinding wheel is fixed between two retaining rings using two retaining rings, ensuring that the retaining rings and retaining rings are fully constrained to prevent movement or rotation during grinding. After assembly, the entire grinding and limiting fixture is mounted on a handheld grinder, which then drives it. Since the rotation of the handheld grinder causes the entire spindle to rotate, the fixed limiting mechanism retaining rings may be dragged along by the spindle, potentially causing them to scrape and damage the housing. Therefore, a bearing is needed to allow the retaining rings to rotate independently, reducing the scraping of the housing by the limiting mechanism. Because the fixture's limiting retaining rings are made of steel, the entire fixture is quite heavy, making prolonged handheld operation difficult. Therefore, a symmetrical weight-reduction design is incorporated into the limiting retaining rings to prevent damage to the housing surface during grinding and to prevent thinning during grinding. This design includes a limiting mechanism 0.2mm larger than the outer diameter of the grinding wheel. When the grinding wheel grinds to a weld seam height of 0.2mm, the limiting mechanism restricts the grinding wheel from grinding the inner weld seam, preventing thinning.

[0028] Experiments have shown that this invention can control the excess height of the inner weld seam within 0.2mm, and it is easy to operate, reducing the need for manual angle adjustment and the resulting grinding quality problems. It also avoids shell thinning and damage caused by excessive grinding during processing. Using an inner weld seam grinding limiting fixture reduces operational difficulty while effectively controlling the grinding thinning precision and improving grinding quality. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limit nut; where Figure 2 'a' is the main view. Figure 2 b is Figure 2 The left view of a.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting retaining ring; where Figure 3 'a' is the main view. Figure 3 b is Figure 3 Sectional view AA in section a.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the retaining ring.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the main shaft.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the combination of the present invention and the grinding wheel.

[0035] The figure includes: 1. Limiting nut; 2. First limiting retaining ring; 3. First retaining ring; 4. Main shaft; 5. Elastic retaining ring; 6. Spring washer; 7. Deep groove ball bearing; 8. Second limiting retaining ring; 9. Second retaining ring; 10. Grinding wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0036] This embodiment is a tooling for grinding and limiting the excess height of the inner weld seam of a cylindrical part, including a limiting nut 1, two limiting retaining rings, two retaining rings, a main shaft 4, two elastic retaining rings 5, a spring washer 6, and two deep groove ball bearings 7. The limiting retaining rings are a first limiting retaining ring 2 and a second limiting retaining ring 8; the two retaining rings are a first retaining ring 3 and a second retaining ring 9.

[0037] The two retaining rings are respectively mounted on the spindle via deep groove ball bearings. The outer end face of the deep groove ball bearing of the second retaining ring 8 is positioned by a shoulder on the spindle, and the deep groove ball bearing of the second retaining ring 8 is interference-fitted with the spindle. The deep groove ball bearing of the first retaining ring 2 is clearance-fitted with the spindle.

[0038] Both retaining rings are fitted onto the rotating shaft 4 and located between the two limiting rings, such that the first retaining ring 3 is located at one end of the first limiting ring, and its end face is in contact with the deep groove ball bearing end face of the first limiting ring; the second retaining ring 9 is located at one end of the second limiting ring, and its end face is in contact with the deep groove ball bearing end face of the second limiting ring.

[0039] The distance between the end faces of the two retaining rings is the same as the axial length of the grinding wheel.

[0040] An elastic retaining ring 5 is installed on the inner circumferential surface of the first limiting retaining ring 2 and the inner circumferential surface of the second limiting retaining ring 8 to limit the axial position of each deep groove ball bearing.

[0041] The spring washer 6 is installed on the inner surface of the first limiting ring 2 and is located between the limiting nut 1 and the deep groove ball bearing.

[0042] The main shaft 4 is made of 45# steel, with one end being a mounting section for mates with a grinding wheel and the other end being a mounting section for a limiting fixture. The shaft has a shoulder for the deep groove ball bearing used to limit the second limiting retaining ring 8.

[0043] The two limiting rings have the same structure. The outer diameter d of the limiting ring is... x Larger than the outer diameter d of the grinding wheel s Large, and d x -d s =δ, δ = 0.2mm; outer diameter d of the limiting ring x与 grinding wheel outer diameter d sThe outer diameter difference is the same as the weld reinforcement required by the design. The inner circumferential surface of each of the aforementioned retaining rings is a stepped surface, with the end face of the smallest inner diameter at one end serving as the positioning surface of the deep groove ball bearing, and the other end having a mounting groove for the elastic retaining ring 5. The inner diameter of the bearing mating surface on the inner surface of each retaining ring is the same as the outer diameter of the deep groove ball bearing. Weight reduction holes are machined on the end face of each retaining ring.

[0044] The two retaining rings have the same structure; both are hollow rotating bodies with an inner diameter the same as that of the main shaft 4. The outer circumferential surface of the retaining ring is stepped, and the small outer diameter section at one end is the mounting section for the grinding wheel.

[0045] The limiting nut 1, the limiting retaining ring, and the main shaft 4 are all made of 45 steel, while the retaining ring is made of aluminum alloy.

[0046] The method for grinding the excess weld height inside cylindrical parts using the aforementioned grinding limiting fixture, as proposed in this embodiment, is as follows:

[0047] Step 1, Install the grinding wheel:

[0048] Remove the limiting nut 1, and then remove the first limiting retaining ring 2 and the first retaining ring 3 in sequence. Mount the grinding wheel onto the rotating shaft 4, and secure one end of the grinding wheel to the mounting section of the second retaining ring 9. Assemble the first retaining ring 3, the first limiting retaining ring 2, and the limiting nut in sequence, securing the other end of the grinding wheel to the mounting section of the first retaining ring. The grinding wheel installation is now complete.

[0049] Step 2, Tooling Installation:

[0050] The grinding limit fixture is connected to the tooling interface of the grinding machine through the mounting section of the grinding wheel on the rotating shaft.

[0051] Step 3, Grinding the weld seam excess:

[0052] The grinding and positioning device is placed inside the cylindrical part, and the grinding wheel is aligned with the position of the weld seam on the inner surface of the cylindrical part.

[0053] Start the grinding machine and grind the weld surface at a speed of 3000-10000 r / min.

[0054] When the outer circumferential surface of the limiting ring in the grinding limiting fixture comes into contact with the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical part, the weld excess height is ground to the design requirements.

Claims

1. A tooling for grinding the excess height of the inner weld seam of a cylindrical component, characterized in that, It includes a limiting nut (1), two limiting retaining rings, two retaining rings, a main shaft (4), two elastic retaining rings (5) and a spring washer (6); wherein the limiting retaining rings are the first limiting retaining ring (2) and the second limiting retaining ring (8); the two retaining rings are the first retaining ring (3) and the second retaining ring (9); The two retaining rings are respectively mounted on the main shaft by the deep groove ball bearings; wherein, the outer end face of the deep groove ball bearing of the second retaining ring (8) is positioned by the shaft shoulder on the main shaft, and the deep groove ball bearing of the second retaining ring (8) is interference-fitted with the main shaft; the deep groove ball bearing of the first retaining ring (2) is clearance-fitted with the main shaft; Both retaining rings are fitted on the rotating shaft (4) and located between the two limiting rings, such that the first retaining ring (3) is located at one end of the first limiting ring, and its end face is in contact with the deep groove ball bearing end face of the first limiting ring; the second retaining ring (9) is located at one end of the second limiting ring, and its end face is in contact with the deep groove ball bearing end face of the second limiting ring. One end of the main shaft (4) is an installation section that cooperates with the grinding wheel, and the other end is an installation section for the limiting fixture.

2. The grinding fixture for the excess weld height inside the cylindrical part as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the end faces of the two retaining rings is the same as the axial length of the grinding wheel.

3. The grinding fixture for the excess weld height inside the cylindrical part as described in claim 1, characterized in that, An elastic retaining ring (5) is installed on the inner circumferential surface of the first limiting retaining ring (2) and the inner circumferential surface of the second limiting retaining ring (8) to limit the axial position of each deep groove ball bearing.

4. The grinding fixture for the excess weld height inside the cylindrical part as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The spring washer (6) is installed on the inner surface of the first limiting ring (2) and is located between the limiting nut (1) and the deep groove ball bearing.

5. The grinding fixture for the excess weld height inside the cylindrical part as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer diameter d of the two limiting rings x Larger than the outer diameter d of the grinding wheel s Large, and d x -d s =δ, δ = 0.2mm; outer diameter d of the limiting ring x With the outer diameter d of the grinding wheel s The outer diameter difference is the same as the weld reinforcement required by the design; the inner circumferential surface of each of the limiting rings is a stepped surface, the end face with the smallest inner diameter at one end is the positioning surface of the deep groove ball bearing, and the other end has an installation groove for the elastic retaining ring (5); the inner diameter of the bearing mating surface on the inner surface of each limiting ring is the same as the outer diameter of the deep groove ball bearing; a weight reduction hole is machined on the end face of each limiting ring.

6. The grinding fixture for the excess weld height inside the cylindrical part as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the two retaining rings is the same as the diameter of the main shaft (4); the outer circumferential surface of the retaining ring is a stepped surface, and the small outer diameter section at one end is the mounting section of the grinding wheel.

7. A method for grinding the excess weld height inside a cylindrical component using the fixture described in claim 1, characterized in that, The specific process is as follows: Step 1, Install the grinding wheel: Remove the limiting nut (1), and remove the first limiting retaining ring (2) and the first retaining ring (3) in sequence; mount the grinding wheel on the rotating shaft (4), and clamp one end of it onto the grinding wheel mounting section of the second retaining ring (9); assemble the first retaining ring, the first limiting retaining ring, and the limiting nut in sequence, and clamp the other end of the grinding wheel onto the grinding wheel mounting section of the first retaining ring; complete the installation of the grinding wheel; Step 2, Tooling Installation: The grinding limit fixture is connected to the tooling interface of the grinding machine through the mounting section of the grinding wheel on the rotating shaft; Step 3, Grinding the weld seam excess: The grinding and limiting device is placed inside the cylindrical part, and the position of the grinding wheel corresponds to the weld seam on the inner surface of the cylindrical part; Start the grinding machine and grind the weld surface at a speed of 3000-10000 r / min; When the outer circumferential surface of the limiting ring in the grinding limiting fixture comes into contact with the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical part, the weld excess height is ground to the design requirements.

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