Lightning-stroke-resistant glass fiber fabric tubular composite material and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-lightning-stroke glass fiber fabric tubular composite material as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of composites.The anti-lightning-stroke glass fiber fabric tubular composite material comprises a plurality of conductive glass fiber tubular fabric layers and a plurality of dielectric material composite epoxy resin layers, and the conductive glass fiber tubular fabric layers and the dielectric material reinforced epoxy resin layers are alternately laminated to form a tubular layered structure. According to the composite material disclosed by the invention, the conductive glass fiber tubular fabric and the dielectric material synergistically reinforce and toughen the epoxy resin, so that the composite material has good lightning stroke-mechanical protection performance and excellent tensile strength, does not generate interlayer damage under the action of lightning stroke, and can be widely applied to the field of aerospace composite materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of composite materials technology, and in particular to a lightning-resistant glass fiber fabric tubular composite material, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Composite materials possess high chemical stability, excellent mechanical properties, high specific strength, and lightweight characteristics, making them widely used in aerospace, marine engineering, and military industries. Among these, tubular composite materials, with their lightweight, high strength, high temperature resistance, and corrosion resistance, play a crucial role in key structural and functional components in the aerospace field, such as aircraft engine exhaust nozzles, passenger aircraft fuselage load-bearing frames, aircraft fuel lines, and hydraulic system pipelines. Epoxy resins are widely used in aerospace composite materials due to their ease of processing and chemical stability. Lightweight, high-strength fiber materials (carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber, basalt fiber, etc.) are often used as reinforcing phases in composites with matrix resins, significantly improving the mechanical strength and stability of epoxy resins.

[0003] Lightning strikes are one of the main safety risks encountered by aircraft that extensively use composite materials during flight. The high insulation properties of composite materials make aircraft highly susceptible to ablation and fiber-matrix fracture damage, leading to a significant decrease in the compressive strength of the materials. Currently, the main approach to lightning protection is to use metal mesh or highly conductive nonwoven fabric as surface sacrificial materials to improve the conductivity of the composite structure. However, these materials require additional layers, and new composite materials that can protect against lightning strikes themselves urgently need to be developed. In addition, aircraft composite materials also require higher electrical conductivity in terms of electrostatic dissipation and electrical connection. In existing technologies, high-conductivity materials (carbon nanotubes, carbon black, graphite, etc.) are usually introduced into epoxy resin to improve the electrical properties of the resin matrix. For example, Chinese patent CN119929172A discloses a layered carbon nanomaterial-epoxy resin composite material that achieves high lightning strike resistance and high impact toughness. Its lightning strike resistance meets the requirements of no internal delamination and low surface fiber damage. For example, Chinese patent CN116160724B discloses a two-layer carbon fiber composite material, which is composed of high-strength carbon fiber and epoxy resin filled with a diamond-like graphite skeleton with chemical silver plating. Its high electrical conductivity can effectively reduce interlayer damage of the composite material under lightning strike.

[0004] However, current designs for tubular composites primarily focus on enhancing mechanical properties, often resulting in composites that are highly insulating but offer poor lightning protection. Furthermore, simultaneously enhancing the mechanical and electrical properties of the epoxy resin matrix with fibers or fabrics in two-dimensional or three-dimensional forms remains a challenge. Further research is needed to develop three-dimensional tubular composites that provide both lightning and mechanical protection through structural design. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a lightning-resistant glass fiber fabric tubular composite material, its preparation method and application. The lightning-resistant glass fiber fabric tubular composite material has excellent lightning protection performance and also has good mechanical properties.

[0006] Specifically, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] The present invention first provides a lightning-resistant glass fiber fabric tubular composite material, which has a tubular layered structure, comprising several layers of conductive glass fiber tubular fabric and several layers of dielectric material composite epoxy resin that are alternately laminated.

[0008] The lightning-resistant conductive glass fiber reinforced composite material provided by this invention has a tubular layered structure. The conductive glass fiber tubular fabric and the dielectric material work together to reinforce and toughen the epoxy resin, giving the composite material excellent mechanical properties. At the same time, the conductive glass fiber tubular fabric layer can improve the electrical properties of the epoxy resin composite material, which is beneficial to the current conduction and static dissipation of the composite material, and endows the composite material with lightning damage protection performance. The tubular composite material of this invention integrates lightning-mechanical protection performance and can be widely used in the field of aerospace composite materials.

[0009] Furthermore, the conductive glass fiber tubular fabric layer includes a glass fiber fabric and a conductive material attached to the glass fiber fabric.

[0010] Furthermore, the glass fiber fabric is woven from warp yarns and weft yarns, and both warp and weft yarns are made of glass fiber. A preset angle is formed between the warp yarns of two adjacent conductive glass fiber tubular fabric layers.

[0011] Furthermore, the conductive material is MXene. MXene, as a promising new two-dimensional layered structure material that has attracted much attention in recent years, exhibits electronic conductivity properties highly similar to those of metallic materials. Benefiting from the synergistic effect of its large specific surface area and thin-layer nanostructure, MXene demonstrates excellent electrical conductivity and can achieve stable dispersion in water.

[0012] Furthermore, the preset angle is from 0° to 90°;

[0013] Furthermore, the dielectric-reinforced epoxy resin layer is composed of a dielectric material and an epoxy resin composite, wherein the dielectric material is rutile nano-TiO2. Preferably, the particle size of the rutile nano-TiO2 is 40-80 nm. Rutile nano-TiO2 is a semiconductor material with a stable crystal structure, possessing characteristics such as high photocatalytic activity, strong chemical stability, excellent mechanical and thermal properties (high temperature resistance, wear resistance), environmental friendliness, and ease of surface modification.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the lightning-resistant glass fiber fabric tubular composite material as described above, which includes the following steps:

[0015] S1. Prepare an MXene conductive solution, immerse a glass fiber fabric in the conductive solution, then remove it and place it in an oven to dry; repeat this process several times to obtain a conductive glass fiber fabric.

[0016] S2. After mixing the dielectric material and epoxy resin in a certain proportion under magnetic stirring, add the resin curing agent, mix evenly again, and then vacuum to obtain the dielectric material / epoxy resin precursor.

[0017] S3. The dielectric material / epoxy resin precursor is uniformly rolled and impregnated on the surface of the conductive glass fiber fabric using rollers to obtain fabric / epoxy resin prepreg.

[0018] S4. The tubular composite material is prepared using a two-step molding strategy, including a primary curing stage and a secondary curing stage, both of which use metal inner molds and outer molds for auxiliary molding.

[0019] S5. In the primary curing stage of the composite material, the fabric / epoxy resin prepreg is first interlaced and wound around the inner mold to form a tubular precursor, which is then cured in an oven.

[0020] S6. In the secondary curing stage of the composite material, the tubular precursor is fitted onto the cylindrical inner mold and sealed with the outer mold. The internal gaps of the mold are filled with dielectric material / epoxy resin precursor, and cured in an oven to obtain a tubular layered structure of lightning-resistant conductive glass fiber reinforced composite material.

[0021] Further, in step S1, the conductive material solution is an aqueous dispersion of MXene nanosheets, and the preparation method of the conductive material solution includes:

[0022] LiF powder was dissolved in HCl solution and stirred to obtain solution A;

[0023] MAX powder was added to solution A in batches and stirred to obtain solution B;

[0024] Solution B was subjected to ultrasonic treatment and centrifugation to obtain an aqueous dispersion of MXene nanosheets;

[0025] And / or, in step S1, the immersion is repeated 1-3 times, and the drying temperature is 60-80℃ and the time is 8-15 minutes.

[0026] Further, in step S2, in the homogeneous dielectric material / epoxy resin precursor, the dielectric material accounts for 1-3% of the mass of the epoxy resin;

[0027] And / or, in step S2, the dielectric material is rutile nano-TiO2;

[0028] And / or, in step S2, the mass ratio of the homogeneous dielectric material / epoxy resin precursor to the curing agent is 3.0-3.6:1.

[0029] And / or, in step S4, the metal mold is made of an alloy material.

[0030] And / or, in step S5, a preset angle is formed between the warp yarns of any two adjacent fabric / epoxy resin prepregs.

[0031] And / or, in steps S5 and S6, the curing is performed in an oven at 75-85°C for 15-30 minutes.

[0032] The present invention also provides an application of the aforementioned lightning-resistant glass fiber fabric tubular composite material as an aerospace composite material.

[0033] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are:

[0034] (1) The anti-lightning glass fiber fabric tubular composite material provided by the present invention has a tubular layered structure. The conductive glass fiber tubular fabric and the dielectric material synergistically enhance and toughen the epoxy resin, so that the composite material has excellent mechanical properties. At the same time, the conductive glass fiber tubular fabric layer can improve the electrical properties of the epoxy resin composite material, which is beneficial to the current conduction and static dissipation of the composite material, and endows the composite material with lightning damage protection performance. The tubular composite material of the present invention integrates lightning-mechanical protection performance and can be widely used in the field of aerospace composite materials.

[0035] (2) The present invention utilizes dielectric materials and three-dimensional glass fiber tubular fabric to synergistically reinforce and toughen epoxy resin, thereby improving its tensile and bending mechanical properties.

[0036] (3) The present invention prepares a lightning strike resistant composite material with excellent mechanical properties by designing a layup method of conductive glass fiber tubular fabric and epoxy resin. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a lightning-resistant glass fiber fabric tubular composite material proposed in this invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a design drawing of the aluminum alloy inner mold proposed in this invention;

[0039] Figure 3 This is the design drawing of the aluminum alloy outer mold proposed in this invention;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a physical image of a lightning-resistant glass fiber fabric tubular composite material proposed in this invention;

[0041] Figure 5 The transverse cross-sectional morphology of a lightning-resistant glass fiber fabric tubular composite material proposed in this invention is shown under an optical microscope.

[0042] Figure 6 The transverse cross-sectional morphology of a lightning-resistant glass fiber fabric tubular composite material proposed in this invention is shown under a scanning electron microscope.

[0043] Figure 7 The longitudinal cross-sectional morphology of a lightning-resistant glass fiber fabric tubular composite material proposed in this invention is shown under an optical microscope.

[0044] Figure 8 The longitudinal cross-sectional morphology of a lightning-resistant glass fiber fabric tubular composite material proposed in this invention is shown under a scanning electron microscope.

[0045] Figure 9 The tensile stress-strain curve of the GM3T-45 spline;

[0046] Figure 10 The bending force-displacement curve for GM3T-45;

[0047] Figure 11 The resistance curves of GM1T-45, GM2T-45, and GM3T-45 over time are shown.

[0048] Figure 12 The images show the morphological features of GM1T-45, GM2T-45, and GM3T-45 before they were struck by lightning.

[0049] Figure 13 These are morphological images of GM1T-45, GM2T-45, and GM3T-45 after being struck by lightning.

[0050] Reference numerals: 1. Conductive glass fiber tubular fabric layer; 2. Dielectric material composite epoxy resin layer. Detailed Implementation

[0051] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more comprehensive description will be provided below with reference to specific embodiments. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of the present invention.

[0052] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

[0053] The specific information of the raw materials used in the following examples and comparative examples is as follows:

[0054] (1) Both LiF and MAX were purchased from Aladdin Chemical Co., Ltd., China;

[0055] (2) Rutile TiO2 powder was purchased from Aladdin Chemical Co., Ltd., China;

[0056] (3) Both E51 epoxy resin and W93 curing agent were purchased from Kunshan Jiulimei Electronic Materials Co., Ltd.

[0057] It should be noted that the above raw materials are merely examples to make the technical solution of the present invention clearer, and do not mean that the present invention can only use the above raw materials. The specific scope is subject to the claims.

[0058] Example 1

[0059] This embodiment proposes a lightning-resistant glass fiber fabric tubular composite material, the preparation method of which includes the following steps:

[0060] S1. Prepare MXene nanosheet aqueous dispersion. Immerse a pretreated 15cm×15cm glass fiber fabric in the MXene nanosheet aqueous dispersion for 10-20s, then remove it and hang it in an 80℃ oven to dry for 15min. Repeat the immersion 3 times to obtain conductive glass fiber fabric.

[0061] In this embodiment, MXene (Ti3C2T) is obtained by etching the Al layer in the MAX phase using LiF / HCl. x First, 3g of LiF powder was dissolved in 60mL of 9mol / L HCl solution and stirred continuously for 30 minutes at room temperature using a magnetic stirrer to obtain solution A. Then, 3g of MAX was slowly added to solution A over 30 minutes, and the mixture was stirred continuously at 58℃ for 24 hours to obtain black solution B. Next, black solution B was evenly poured into 6 centrifuge tubes and centrifuged and ultrasonically washed several times until the pH of the supernatant was approximately 6. Subsequently, an appropriate amount of deionized water was added to each centrifuge tube, and the resulting solution was ultrasonically treated for 2 hours to further peel off and separate the multilayer MXene into a single layer of MXene. Finally, the suspension was centrifuged at 3500 rpm for 1 hour to obtain an aqueous dispersion containing MXene nanosheets.

[0062] S2. Rutile nano-TiO2 powder (particle size: 60 nm) was mixed into epoxy resin (dielectric material accounts for 1% of the mass of epoxy resin) and magnetically stirred for 4 h to obtain a homogeneous dielectric material / epoxy resin mixture; the dielectric material / epoxy resin mixture was mixed with curing agent at a ratio of 3.3:1 and magnetically stirred at 400 r / min for 5 min to obtain dielectric material / epoxy resin precursor.

[0063] S3. Pour 4-5g of the dielectric material / epoxy resin precursor obtained in step S2 onto the surface of the conductive glass fiber fabric obtained in step S1, and use rollers to uniformly roll and impregnate the conductive glass fiber fabric with epoxy resin solution to obtain fabric / epoxy resin prepreg.

[0064] S4. On the aluminum alloy inner mold, the fabric / epoxy resin prepreg obtained in step S3 is sequentially interlaced and wound to finally obtain a conductive glass fiber fabric-epoxy resin precursor containing two layers of fabric-epoxy resin prepreg. When laying the fabric / epoxy resin prepreg, the angle between the warp yarns in the second layer of fabric / epoxy resin prepreg and the warp yarns in the first layer of fabric / epoxy resin prepreg is kept at 45°. The precursor is cured in an oven at 80°C for 20 minutes to obtain a one-time cured composite material precursor.

[0065] S5. The one-time cured composite material precursor obtained in step S4 is placed on the aluminum alloy inner mold and sealed with the aluminum alloy outer mold to complete the assembly and sealing of the overall mold. The dielectric material / epoxy resin precursor obtained in step S2 is used to fill the gap inside the mold. The mold is cured in an oven at 80°C for 20 minutes to obtain a tubular layered structure anti-lightning glass fiber fabric tubular composite material, denoted as GM3T-45.

[0066] Example 2

[0067] This embodiment uses the same implementation method as Embodiment 1, except that in this embodiment, the glass fiber fabric is impregnated in the MXene nanosheet aqueous dispersion once in step S1. The tubular layered structure lightning-resistant glass fiber fabric tubular composite material finally obtained in this embodiment is named GM1T-45.

[0068] Example 3

[0069] This embodiment uses the same implementation method as Embodiment 1, except that in this embodiment, the glass fiber fabric is impregnated twice in the MXene nanosheet aqueous dispersion in step S1. The tubular layered structure lightning-resistant glass fiber fabric tubular composite material finally obtained in this embodiment is named GM2T-45.

[0070] Example 4

[0071] This embodiment uses the same implementation method as Embodiment 1, except that in this embodiment, during step S4, the angle between the warp yarns of any two adjacent fabric / epoxy resin prepregs is 0°. The tubular layered structure of the lightning-resistant glass fiber fabric tubular composite material finally obtained in this embodiment is named GM3T-0.

[0072] Example 5

[0073] This embodiment uses the same implementation method as Embodiment 1, except that in this embodiment, during step S4, the angle formed between the warp yarns of any two adjacent fabric / epoxy resin prepregs is 90°. The tubular layered structure lightning-resistant glass fiber fabric tubular composite material finally obtained in this embodiment is named GM3T-90.

[0074] Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the lightning-resistant glass fiber fabric tubular composite material prepared according to the embodiments of this application. It can be seen that the two conductive glass fiber tubular fabric layers 1 and the dielectric material composite epoxy resin layer 2 form a tubular layered structure.

[0075] Figure 2 A metal inner mold designed for the preparation of lightning-resistant glass fiber fabric tubular composite materials.

[0076] Figure 3 A metal outer mold designed for the preparation of lightning-resistant glass fiber fabric tubular composite materials.

[0077] Figure 4 Optical image of a tubular composite material made of glass fiber fabric for lightning protection.

[0078] Figure 5 The transverse cross-sectional morphology of the lightning-resistant glass fiber fabric tubular composite material under an optical microscope. Figure 6 This image shows the transverse cross-sectional morphology of the lightning-resistant glass fiber fabric tubular composite material under a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The uniform distribution of the two glass fiber fabric layers within the resin matrix is ​​visible, with both the inner and outer layers of the fabric encapsulated by a resin matrix of similar thickness. Furthermore, the SEM reveals that the truncated glass fibers are relatively uniformly encapsulated by the resin matrix, demonstrating the tight structure formed between the glass fiber tubular fabric and the dielectric resin matrix.

[0079] Figure 7 The longitudinal cross-sectional morphology of the lightning-resistant glass fiber fabric tubular composite material under an optical microscope. Figure 8The image shows the longitudinal cross-sectional morphology of the lightning-resistant glass fiber fabric tubular composite material under a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Similar to the transverse cross-sectional morphology, the uniform distribution of the two layers of glass fiber fabric within the resin matrix is ​​also visible, with both the inner and outer layers of the fabric encapsulated by the resin matrix. Furthermore, one layer of fabric exhibits a multi-fiber circular transverse cross-section, corresponding to a 0° orientation, while the other layer shows a longitudinal fiber cross-section, corresponding to a 45° orientation, further confirming the successful fabrication of this tubular composite material.

[0080] Test case

[0081] (1) Test the mechanical protection properties of the sample under tensile conditions

[0082] The GM3T-45 prepared in Example 1 was cut into sample strips (center angle 90°). The obtained sample strips were then clamped at both ends using tensile clamps, and tensile strength was measured using an electronic universal testing machine (MTS, Criterion model 43, UK). The tensile speed was 100 mm / min, and the clamping distance was 100 mm. The test results are as follows: Figure 9 As shown.

[0083] Figure 9 The tensile stress-strain curve of the spline is shown. It can be seen that the maximum tensile strength of the spline can reach 72 MPa, and the maximum fracture strain can reach 3.75%, exhibiting good tensile mechanical properties.

[0084] (2) Test the mechanical protection characteristics of the sample under three-point bending conditions

[0085] The GM3T-45 prepared in Example 1 was placed on a three-point bending test bench, and its bending strength was measured using an electronic universal testing machine (MTS, Criterion model 43, UK). The loading speed was 10 mm / min, and the span was 80 mm. The test results are as follows: Figure 10 As shown.

[0086] Figure 10 The bending force-displacement curve of GM3T-45 is shown, and its bending performance curve can be divided into four stages. Stage 1: The upper wall of the composite tube is continuously compressed, causing the bending force to rise continuously; Stage 2: The upper wall of the composite tube is compressed until it contacts the lower wall, and both walls are compressed together, resulting in a greater increase in bending force; Stage 3: Damage begins to appear on the upper wall of the composite tube (starting at a displacement of 17.9 mm), including the separation of the glass fiber fabric from the resin matrix, slippage between glass fibers, and fiber breakage, causing the bending stress to decrease; Stage 4: After the upper wall of the composite tube is damaged to a certain extent, the lower wall continues to be stressed, causing the bending stress to rise slowly.

[0087] (3) Test the electrical properties of the sample

[0088] The cross-sections of GM3T-45 prepared in Example 1, GM1T-45 prepared in Example 2, and GM2T-45 prepared in Example 3 were connected to copper foil as electrodes using conductive silver paste. The electrical properties were measured using an impedance meter testing system (Solartron Analytical, AMETEKA Advanced Measurement Technology, Inc.). The test results are as follows: Figure 11 And as shown in the table below.

[0089]

[0090] Figure 11 The resistor signal diagrams for GM1T-45, GM2T-45, and GM3T-45 are shown; from... Figure 11 As can be seen from the table above, the resistance of the composite material gradually decreases as the number of times it is impregnated with conductive solution increases. The composite material impregnated once and twice is basically insulated, and the resistance fluctuates greatly. However, when the number of impregnations increases to three times, the resistance of the composite material decreases to about 24MΩ, and the resistance fluctuates stably in the range of 15-30MΩ.

[0091] (4) Test the lightning protection characteristics of the sample

[0092] The lightning protection performance of GM1T-45, GM2T-45 and GM3T-45 was tested using an impulse current generator. The direct effect of lightning current was tested on different samples using the A-type lightning current. The input voltages required for the peak currents of 10kA, 20kA and 30kA were 7.5kV, 9kV and 11kV, respectively.

[0093] Figure 12 These are topographic images of GM1T-45, GM2T-45, and GM3T-45 before they were struck by lightning. Figure 13 These are morphological images of GM1T-45, GM2T-45, and GM3T-45 after being struck by lightning. Figure 12 , Figure 13 The comparison shows that under the action of lightning current, both GM1T-45 and GM2T-45 have large areas of glass fiber-resin matrix ablation damage on their surfaces, while GM3T-45 has less damage and no delamination damage occurs inside the sample. This indicates that the improved conductivity of the composite material reduces the resistive heating inside the material, thereby reducing the ablation and delamination damage of the composite material and improving its lightning resistance.

[0094] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0095] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A lightning-resistant glass fiber fabric tubular composite material, characterized in that, It has a tubular layered structure, including several layers of conductive glass fiber tubular fabric and several layers of dielectric material composite epoxy resin that are alternately laminated.

2. The lightning-resistant glass fiber fabric tubular composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conductive glass fiber tubular fabric layer includes glass fiber fabric and conductive material attached thereto.

3. The lightning-resistant glass fiber fabric tubular composite material according to claim 2, characterized in that, The glass fiber fabric is woven from warp and weft yarns, both of which are made of glass fiber. The warp yarns of adjacent conductive glass fiber tubular fabric layers form a preset angle. The conductive material is MXene.

4. The lightning-resistant glass fiber fabric tubular composite material according to claim 3, characterized in that, The predetermined angle is from 0° to 90°.

5. The lightning-resistant glass fiber fabric tubular composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dielectric material-reinforced epoxy resin layer is composed of epoxy resin composite, and the dielectric material is rutile nano-TiO2.

6. A method for preparing a lightning-resistant glass fiber fabric tubular composite material as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Prepare an MXene conductive solution, immerse a glass fiber fabric in the conductive solution, then remove it and place it in an oven to dry; repeat this process several times to obtain a conductive glass fiber fabric. S2. After mixing the dielectric material and epoxy resin in a certain proportion under magnetic stirring, add the resin curing agent, mix evenly again, and then vacuum to obtain the dielectric material / epoxy resin precursor. S3. The dielectric material / epoxy resin precursor is uniformly rolled and impregnated on the surface of the conductive glass fiber fabric using rollers to obtain fabric / epoxy resin prepreg. S4. The tubular composite material is prepared using a two-step molding strategy, including a primary curing stage and a secondary curing stage, both of which use metal inner molds and outer molds for auxiliary molding. S5. In the primary curing stage of the composite material, the fabric / epoxy resin prepreg is first interlaced and wound around the inner mold to form a tubular precursor, which is then cured in an oven. S6. In the secondary curing stage of the composite material, the tubular precursor is placed in a cylindrical inner mold and sealed with an outer mold. The internal gaps of the mold are filled with dielectric material / epoxy resin precursor, and cured in an oven to obtain a tubular layered structure of lightning-resistant conductive glass fiber reinforced composite material.

7. The method for preparing the lightning-resistant glass fiber fabric tubular composite material according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S1, the conductive material solution is an aqueous dispersion of MXene nanosheets, and the preparation method of the conductive material solution includes: LiF powder was dissolved in HCl solution and stirred to obtain solution A; MAX powder was added to solution A in batches and stirred to obtain solution B; Solution B was subjected to ultrasonic treatment and centrifugation to obtain an aqueous dispersion of MXene nanosheets; The immersion is repeated 1-3 times, and the drying temperature is 60-80℃ for 8-15 minutes.

8. The method for preparing the lightning-resistant glass fiber fabric tubular composite material according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S2, in the homogeneous dielectric material / epoxy resin precursor, the dielectric material accounts for 1-3% of the mass of the epoxy resin; the dielectric material is rutile nano-TiO2; and the mass ratio of the homogeneous dielectric material / epoxy resin precursor to the curing agent is 3.0-3.6:

1.

9. The method for preparing the lightning-resistant glass fiber fabric tubular composite material according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S4, the metal mold is made of alloy material; in step S5, in the fabric / epoxy resin prepreg, a preset angle is formed between any adjacent warp yarns of the fabric / epoxy resin prepreg; in steps S5 and S6, the curing is performed in an oven at 75-85℃ for 15-30 minutes.

10. The application of a lightning-resistant glass fiber fabric tubular composite material as described in any one of claims 1-5 as an aerospace composite material.

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