Surfactin-containing organic water-soluble fertilizer for improving saline-alkali stress resistance of wheat seeds

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to a Surfactin-containing organic water-soluble fertilizer for improving saline-alkali stress resistance of wheat seeds, the organic water-soluble fertilizer comprises organic matters, macronutrient elements, micronutrient elements, functional components and Surfactin; and the content of Surfactin in the fertilizer is 1000 to 3000 mg / kg. The Surfactin-containing organic water-soluble fertilizer has the advantages of no toxicity, no pollution, simple preparation process, convenience in use and good stability, provides a theoretical basis for the research on the promotion of the Surfactin-containing organic water-soluble fertilizer on seed germination under salt stress, and has a wide market application value in the development and planting of saline-alkali soil crops.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of fertilizers, in particular to the field of promoting seed germination, and relates to a Surfactin-containing organic water-soluble fertilizer for improving the salt-alkali stress resistance of wheat seeds. BACKGROUND

[0002] Salinization has become a prominent problem that endangers the ecological environment of irrigation areas, and the sustainable development of agricultural production will also be threatened. The development and prevention of soil secondary salinization, the rational development and utilization of saline soil resources, and the development of saline water irrigation agriculture will be major issues for the development of agriculture in the western region. On this basis, the development of a bioactive product that can improve the salt-alkali stress resistance of plant seeds, improve seed vigor, germination rate, etc. can maximize the protection of crop normal growth in saline-alkali land, thereby achieving the purpose of increasing economic benefits.

[0003] The study of salt-tolerant plants has always been a major issue and direction in the field of agriculture. Excessive soil salinity leads to inhibition of the growth of most plants and a decrease in yield. The seed germination stage is the most sensitive period of crops to salt stress, and is crucial to crop growth and yield. An increase in soil salinity will reduce seed germination rate and promote or delay the germination process. Therefore, salt tolerance at the seed germination stage is one of the important bases for characterizing the salt resistance of crops.

[0004] Surfactin is a typical representative of Bacillus lipopeptide, which is synthesized by non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) and has a molecular weight of about 1000 Da. It is a macrocyclic lactone-type homologous compound composed of 7 alpha-amino acids and beta-hydroxy fatty acids with 13, 14 or 15 carbon atoms. Surfactin has extremely strong surface activity and strong biological activity, such as antibacterial, antiviral, anti-mycoplasma, anti-tumor and hemolytic abilities, and has broad application prospects in the fields of medicine, food processing and preservation, agricultural biocontrol and environmental protection. Due to the low performance of Surfactin-producing strains and the high cost of post-separation and purification, Surfactin is expensive, and there are few Surfactin-related products on the market.

[0005] Chemical pesticides and insecticides are often used to control harmful insects during crop planting, but there are usually problems such as pesticide residues, which have adverse effects on the environment or humans, and Surfactin has the advantages of antibacterial, antifungal and insecticidal activity, so Surfactin has good application prospects in the field of agriculture. In addition, Surfactin can also be used to obtain good wettability and make the fertilizer evenly distributed in the soil, or used as a lead compound to develop new biological pesticides, or directly used as a physiological product to control plant pathogenic fungi. Because Surfactin has antibacterial activity against a variety of pathogens and a unique mode of action, it can be used as a substitute for conventional antibiotics for pest control. Hussain et al. found that Surfactin in the culture filtrate of T-AMU had a significant effect on the pathogen R. Solani, and an increase in tuber yield and plant growth was observed. Li et al. demonstrated that the supernatant of Bacillus subtilis containing Surfactin had an inhibitory effect on downy mildew, which was due to direct action on the pathogen and stimulation of plant defense (induction of defense gene expression and call production). B. subtilis Hussain T-AMU's culture filtrate of Surfactin had a significant effect on the pathogen R. Solani, and an increase in tuber yield and plant growth was observed. Li et al. demonstrated that the supernatant of Bacillus subtilis containing Surfactin had an inhibitory effect on downy mildew, which was due to direct action on the pathogen and stimulation of plant defense (induction of defense gene expression and call production).

[0006] In recent years, there has been a strong demand for functional products in the market, such as rooting, anti-freezing, anti-sunburn, salt-tolerant, and disease-resistant. After reviewing relevant literature, it was found that many experts' research results showed that Surfactin had good performance effects on the above-mentioned functional problems of crops at low concentrations, and demonstrated the safety of Surfactin in crop use and agricultural products to the human body, but currently there are very few functional products on the market that combine Surfactin with fertilizer products, and even fewer studies on such products in saline-alkali soil. The carrier material used in the present application is an organic water-soluble fertilizer that can improve the soil, plus Surfactin. It mainly aims to solve the problems of lack of research on the use of Surfactin-containing products in crops and the urgent need for improvement of saline-alkali soil. SUMMARY

[0007] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides a Surfactin-containing organic water-soluble fertilizer for improving the salt-tolerant stress resistance of wheat seeds. The technical problem to be solved is that Surfactin combined with fertilizer products is used in saline-alkali soil, which can promote seed germination on the basis of soil improvement. It will provide a theoretical basis for studying Surfactin-containing organic water-soluble fertilizer to promote seed germination under salt stress, and has wide market application value in the development of crop planting in saline-alkali soil.

[0008] In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiments of the present application provide the following technical solutions: The application provides a Surfactin-containing organic water-soluble fertilizer for improving salt stress resistance of wheat seeds, which contains organic matter, macro-nutrient elements, micro-nutrient elements, functional components and Surfactin. The organic matter contains chitooligosaccharide, algal polysaccharide and xylitol; the micro-nutrient elements contain iron, manganese, zinc and boric acid; and the functional components contain amino acids, fulvic acid and vitamins. The content of the organic matter is > 350 g / kg. The total content of the macro-nutrient elements (N+P2O5+K2O) is > 200 g / kg, calculated as N+P2O5+K2O. The total content of the micro-nutrient elements (Fe+Cu+Zn+B) is 15 g / kg-30 g / kg, calculated as Fe+Cu+Zn+B. The other components are amino acids 20 g / kg-40 g / kg, fulvic acid 60 g / kg-80 g / kg and vitamins 10-20 g / kg. The content of Surfactin is 1000-3000 mg / kg.

[0009] The organic water-soluble fertilizer contains chitooligosaccharide 100-200 g / kg, algal polysaccharide 100-200 g / kg and xylitol 100-150 g / kg in the organic matter; N 80 g / kg-100 g / kg, P2O5 1 g / kg-20 g / kg and K2O 100 g / kg-150 g / kg in the macro-nutrient elements; Fe 2 g / kg-5 g / kg, Mn 0.5 g / kg-2 g / kg, Zn 6 g / kg-12 g / kg and B 4 g / kg-10 g / kg in the micro-nutrient elements; amino acids 20 g / kg-40 g / kg, fulvic acid 60 g / kg-80 g / kg and vitamins 10-20 g / kg in the functional components; and the content of Surfactin is 1500-2500 mg / kg.

[0010] The macro-nutrient elements contain one or more of urea, ammonium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate and potassium sulfate; the micro-nutrient elements are selected from chelated iron, chelated manganese, chelated zinc and boric acid; the amino acids contain glutamic acid and proline; and the vitamins contain vitamin B1 and vitamin C.

[0011] The content of Surfactin is 2000 mg / kg.

[0012] The organic water-soluble fertilizer is used for improving salt stress resistance of wheat seeds.

[0013] On the basis of the above technical solutions, the seed germination effect index evaluation includes germination rate, germination energy, radicle length and biomass.

[0014] On the basis of the above technical solutions, the salt type in the saline-alkali stress includes sodium chloride, and the alkali type includes sodium hydroxide.

[0015] On the basis of the above technical solutions, the EC value of the soil in the saline-alkali stress is 1.8 mS / cm, and the pH is 9.6.

[0016] The manufacturing method of the series of fertilizers is as follows: according to the nutrient proportion of the special fertilizer for wheat germination period, the amount of the raw material to be added is calculated, the granular raw material is crushed and sieved, and the powder is fully mixed and stirred in a powder reaction kettle production equipment, and then is packaged as a finished product.

[0017] By the above technical solutions, the Surfactin-containing organic water-soluble fertilizer for improving the salt stress resistance of wheat seeds has at least the following advantages.

[0018] The Surfactin used in the Surfactin-containing organic water-soluble fertilizer is obtained by biological fermentation purification, is non-toxic, non-polluting, safe, ecological and environmentally friendly, and can promote the germination of wheat seeds under saline-alkali stress under proper proportioning.

[0019] The carrier material used in the Surfactin-containing organic water-soluble fertilizer is an organic water-soluble fertilizer that can improve the soil.

[0020] The preparation process of the Surfactin-containing organic water-soluble fertilizer is simple, convenient to use and good in stability, and provides a theoretical basis for studying the Surfactin-containing organic water-soluble fertilizer for promoting seed germination under saline-alkali stress, and has wide market application value in the development and planting of crops in saline-alkali land. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or prior art description will be briefly described below.

[0022] Figure 1 The test result graph of the Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer for promoting wheat germination.

[0023] Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the effect of the Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer for promoting wheat germination.

[0024] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the effect of the Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer for promoting the stem height and diameter of wheat seedlings.

[0025] Figure 4 Figure for test result of Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer promoting stem height and diameter of wheat seedlings.

[0026] Figure 5 Figure for effect of Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer promoting root development of wheat seedlings.

[0027] Figure 6 Figure for test result of Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer promoting leaf width and root length of wheat seedlings.

[0028] Figure 7 Figure for test result of Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer promoting fresh weight and dry weight of wheat seedlings.

[0029] Figure 8 Figure for test result of Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer promoting soil salinity Figure 9 Figure for overall effect of Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer promoting wheat seedlings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the application. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

[0031] The application provides a Surfactin-containing organic water-soluble fertilizer for improving salt and alkali stress resistance of wheat seeds, and further, the content of Surfactin in the organic water-soluble fertilizer is 2000 mg / kg. The raw materials are mixed uniformly according to different proportions to obtain the Surfactin-containing organic water-soluble fertilizer. The specific test formula is as follows:

[0032] In the application, the seed salt and alkali stress environment is a simulated environment, the soil EC value is 1.8 mS / cm, and the pH is 9.6.

[0033] In the application, the wheat seed germination effect preferably includes germination rate, germination energy, radicle length and biomass.

[0034] The biochemical reagents used in the following examples can be obtained through conventional commercial channels unless otherwise specified.

[0035] The application is further described below in conjunction with examples: Example 1, Study on the promoting effect of Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer on wheat 1.1, Soil collection The test soil is a local abandoned farmland soil in Hefei, Anhui, China, and the soil type is yellow loam. The 0-20 cm topsoil is collected for potting test. All the collected soil is sieved through a 2 mm sieve to remove impurities, mixed uniformly, and stored at room temperature in a cool place for standby.

[0036] 1.2, Potted growth promotion test (1) The potting test was carried out in a greenhouse. Four groups of different fertilization treatments were set up, and one group of control treatment without fertilization was set up.

[0037] (2) Wheat was planted in a flowerpot with a diameter of 230 mm and a height of 170 mm with a tray. 500 g of sieved and uniformly mixed soil was placed in each pot, and water was poured through. Evaporate for 4-5 days at room temperature, and plant wheat when the soil moisture is appropriate. Each treatment has 3 replicates.

[0038] (3) Select wheat seeds of the same size and shape, plant 15 plants per pot, and plant at a depth of 2-3 cm. After the wheat grows, retain 10 plants with basically the same growth vigor.

[0039] (4) Fertilize immediately after sowing. Weigh the same amount of fertilizer and dissolve it in 50 mL of deionized water, and drip irrigate around the soil. The control group is drip irrigated with the same amount of deionized water. Later, water (50 mL) is poured every 2 days, and the light is set to 12 hours and the dark is set to 12 hours. Cultivate uniformly in the greenhouse.

[0040] (5) After 25 days of planting, samples are collected, and plant physiological indicators are measured. Plant growth indicators include germination rate, fresh weight, dry weight, plant height, plant root system, soil pH, and EC, etc.

[0041] The data obtained is subjected to single factor variance significance test by SPSS 23.0 software, and P<0.05 is considered to reach a significant difference level. GraphPad Prism 8.0 is used to make a column chart.

[0042] Example 2, Study on the promotion of surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer on wheat germination rate By attaching Figure 1 It can be seen that the germination rate of T4 group is significantly higher than that of CK group, while T1, T2 and T3 groups have no difference with CK group. Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer has obvious advantages in significantly improving the germination rate of wheat, which benefits from its containing of bioactive substances, strong salt and alkali regulation ability and optimization of rhizosphere microenvironment. The germination rate of T4 group is the highest, which is 64.1% higher than that of CK group.

[0043] Example 3, Study on the promotion of surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer on wheat germination By attaching Figure 2It can be found that the T4 group of wheat seeds germinates much earlier than the previous three groups and has a certain seedling height; the CK and T1, T2, T3 groups have very few germination numbers or even many have not germinated. The overall germination in saline-alkali soil is delayed compared to normal soil; the high salt and high alkalinity environment in saline-alkali soil will have an adverse effect on seed water absorption and metabolic process. On the one hand, high osmotic pressure inhibits seed water absorption, delays seed expansion and enzyme activation; on the other hand, ion toxicity (such as excessive sodium ions) in the saline-alkali environment may interfere with the energy metabolism and cell division process inside the seed. The saline-alkali environment significantly delays the germination of wheat seeds, but the Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer treatment can significantly improve the rhizosphere environment and promote the rapid germination and growth of seeds under adversity. Early germination and early growth of plants show significant advantages in resource acquisition and stress resistance, providing valuable reference for high-yield cultivation of crops in saline-alkali soil.

[0044] Example 4, Study on the promotion of Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer on the stem height and diameter of wheat seedlings Through the attached Figure 3 It can be found that the T4 group performs excellently and shows significant advantages in the seedling stage, with plant height, leaf width, stem thickness and leaf greenness significantly better than other groups. The T3 group is second, with good performance; the T1 group shows certain breakthrough growth in the later stage although it performs poorly in the early stage. The CK and T2 groups perform poorly overall, with small and sparse plants and very poor growth. It is worth noting that the T4 group not only has straight wheat seedlings, thick stems, wide leaves and dark green leaves, but also shows uniform and neat plant distribution. This differential phenomenon reflects the significant effect of Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer in relieving saline-alkali stress and promoting crop growth.

[0045] From the experimental data attached Figure 4 It can be seen that except for the stem height of the T2 group, the stem height and diameter of the other groups are significantly higher than that of the CK group. The Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer group is the best in terms of stem height and diameter, with stem height about 217% higher than the control group and stem diameter about 119% thicker than the control group. Higher plants usually have larger leaf area, can absorb more sunlight, carry out more photosynthesis, and promote dry matter accumulation and transformation. Thick stems can support more leaves and inflorescences, improve the plant's resistance to lodging, and reduce damage from wind and rain. And have stronger storage capacity, help to accumulate nutrients, support plant growth and reproduction. Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer performs particularly outstandingly and has broad market application value in the development and planting of crops in saline-alkali soil.

[0046] Example 5, Study on the promotion of Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer on the leaf width and root length of wheat seedlings By the attached Figure 5 It can be found that the root system of T4 group wheat plants is particularly developed, with many lateral roots, long root length, dense capillary roots, and a network distribution, with a large depth of root penetration and a healthy white color. The root system of T1 group is relatively developed, and the root systems of CK, T2, and T3 groups are relatively short, with few lateral roots, sparse capillary roots, and concentrated distribution in the superficial layer, with a darker root color and poor growth vigor. Root development is an important basis for growth at the seedling stage, and directly determines the growth vigor and stress resistance of the aboveground part. A developed root system can efficiently absorb nutrients and water, improve the growth quality and population coordination of the plant, and ultimately help to achieve high yield.

[0047] By the attached Figure 6 It can also be seen from the experimental data that the leaf width and root length of T4 group are the best, both of which are significantly higher than those of CK group. The Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer group is about 72.9% wider than the control group in leaf width, and about 169% longer than the control group in root length. Wide leaves can better capture sunlight, increase photosynthesis area, and thus improve photosynthesis efficiency and accumulate more assimilates. Long root systems can penetrate deep into the soil layer, increase the contact area of the root system, and improve the plant's ability to absorb water and mineral elements. They can also better adapt to drought environments, and the deep root system can help plants absorb water from deep soil during drought. Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer can enhance the growth capacity of plants, ultimately improving crop yield and quality, improving the production efficiency of saline-alkali land agriculture, and having both economic and ecological values.

[0048] Example 6, Study on the promotion of Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer on the fresh weight and dry weight of wheat at the seedling stage By the attached Figure 7 It can be seen from the experimental data that the fresh weight and dry weight of T4 group wheat are the heaviest, both of which are significantly higher than those of CK group. The Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer group is about 180% heavier than the control group in fresh weight, and about 50% heavier than the control group in dry weight. Wheat with high dry weight is usually accompanied by high fresh weight, with healthy plant growth, dense leaves, thick stems, and developed root systems. Different fertilization treatments have a significant impact on the dry weight and fresh weight of wheat, with plants with high dry weight accumulating more nutrients, and high dry weight reflecting high photosynthesis efficiency and abundant assimilate accumulation, laying a solid foundation for later reproductive growth and grain yield. Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer brings the best dry weight and wet weight, effectively improving the growth and stress resistance of crops, improving the yield and quality of crops, and helping to improve the production conditions of saline-alkali land.

[0049] Example 7, Study on the promotion of Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer on soil salinity By the attached Figure 8The experimental data can see that the salt and alkali adjusting ability of the T4 treatment group is the strongest, especially in reducing the soil EC value, and the Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer performs particularly outstanding; compared with the initial value, it is reduced by 223%; compared with the CK group, it is reduced by 51.8%. This shows that the high-efficiency fertilizer treatment can not only effectively adjust the acid-base balance of the saline-alkali soil, but also can significantly reduce the salt accumulation, so as to optimize the rhizosphere environment, promote the growth of wheat, and the Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer shows superior salt-alkali resistance and crop promotion effect.

[0050] Example 8, study on the overall promotion effect of Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer on wheat seedlings By attaching Figure 9 It can be found that the wheat seedlings of the T4 group are straight, the stems are strong, the leaves are wide, and the leaf color is dark green. The overall morphology is stable, and the plant growth is strong. Part of the plants in the T1 and T3 groups perform well; the growth of the plants in the T2 group is the worst, and the plants show east-west tilt, thin stems, narrow leaves, and yellow or light yellow leaves.

[0051] It is worth noting that the Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer treatment group not only shows straight seedlings, strong stems, wide leaves, and dark green leaf color, but also shows uniform and neat plant distribution.

[0052] The plant performance of the wheat seedlings in the seedling stage is the basis for later growth and yield. Plants with straight seedlings, thick stems, and wide leaves have the advantages of high photosynthetic efficiency and strong anti-lodging ability, while weak seedlings are prone to lodging, have low photosynthesis, and have a high risk of disease.

[0053] In summary, in the saline-alkali soil, the Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer shows significant promotion effect on the germination of wheat, the height and diameter of seedlings, the leaf width, the root length, and the fresh weight and dry weight of the seedlings. Not only does it show significant advantages compared with the control group, but it also shows its excellent performance in improving the growth quality of wheat seedlings. The Surfactin organic water-soluble fertilizer in the present application has significant promotion effect on the growth of wheat seedlings in saline-alkali soil, and can at least solve the problem of poor emergence of wheat in saline-alkali soil. It also shows that Surfactin has great application potential and economic value in promoting crop growth in saline-alkali soil.

Claims

1. A Surfactin-containing organic water-soluble fertilizer for improving the resistance of wheat seeds to salt and alkali stress, characterized in that, The organic water-soluble fertilizer contains organic matter, macronutrients, micronutrients, functional components, and surfactin; The organic matter includes chitosan oligosaccharide, seaweed polysaccharide, and xylitol; the micronutrients include iron, manganese, zinc, and boric acid; the functional components include amino acids, fulvic acid, and vitamins. The organic matter content is >350g / kg; The total content of macronutrients (N+P2O5+K2O) is >200g / kg, calculated as N+P2O5+K2O; The total content of micronutrients (Fe+Cu+Zn+B) is 15 g / kg-30 g / kg, calculated as Fe+Cu+Zn+B; Other components include amino acids (20g / kg-40g / kg), fulvic acid (60g / kg-80g / kg), and vitamins (10-20g / kg); The content of Surfactin is 1000-3000 mg / kg.

2. The organic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The organic matter contains 100-200 g / kg of chitosan oligosaccharides, 100-200 g / kg of seaweed polysaccharides, and 100-150 g / kg of xylitol; the macronutrients include 80-100 g / kg of N, 1-20 g / kg of P2O5, and 100-150 g / kg of K2O; the micronutrients include 2-5 g / kg of Fe, 0.5-2 g / kg of Mn, 6-12 g / kg of Zn, and 4-10 g / kg of B; the functional components include 20-40 g / kg of amino acids, 60-80 g / kg of fulvic acid, and 10-20 g / kg of vitamins; and the content of surfactin is 1500-2500 mg / kg.

3. The organic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The product contains one or more of the following macronutrients: urea, ammonium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, and potassium sulfate; the micronutrients are selected from chelated iron, chelated manganese, chelated zinc, and boric acid; the amino acids include glutamic acid and proline; and the vitamins include vitamin B1 and vitamin C.

4. The organic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that, It contains the following ingredients: chitosan oligosaccharide 150 g / kg, seaweed polysaccharide 150 g / kg, xylitol 100 g / kg, N 85 g / kg, P2O5 5 g / kg, K2O 125 g / kg; Fe 3 g / kg, Mn 1 g / kg, Zn 8 g / kg, B 7 g / kg, glutamic acid 15 g / kg, proline 15 g / kg, fulvic acid 70 g / kg, vitamin B1 8 g / kg, vitamin C 8 g / kg; Surfactin 2000 mg / kg.

5. The use of the organic water-soluble fertilizer according to any one of claims 1-4 for improving the resistance of wheat seeds to salt and alkali stress.

6. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that, It is used to improve germination rate, germination potential, radicle length and biomass.

7. A method for promoting plant growth, characterized in that, The organic water-soluble fertilizer described in claim 1 is diluted and then drip-irrigated onto the plants.

8. The method for plant growth according to claim 7, characterized in that, The plant in question is wheat, a member of the Poaceae family.

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