Intelligent steel straight ladder parameterization design method and system based on BIM

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent steel straight ladder parameterization design method and system based on BIM, and relates to the technical field of constructional engineering informatization. The method comprises the following steps: generating a coordinate data set containing endpoint elevation information by analyzing a space straight line selected by a user; the bench laying direction is automatically determined; calculating the total length value of the bench; generating a segmentation strategy and a safety component type judgment result according to the comparison of the length value and a preset threshold value; generating parameterized step components according to the step design parameters; and finally, automatically generating a steel straight ladder BIM model containing the safety structural member and an engineering quantity list. According to the method, automation, standardization and amount calculation integration of steel straight ladder design are achieved, the design efficiency and quality are remarkably improved, and it is guaranteed that design achievements conform to safety specifications.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of building engineering informatization technology, and particularly relates to an intelligent steel straight ladder parameterized design method and system based on BIM. BACKGROUND

[0002] In large construction projects such as water conservancy projects, steel straight ladders as important vertical access facilities need to strictly follow relevant national safety specifications in design. In traditional BIM design, the modeling process of steel straight ladders highly depends on manual operation, and designers need to manually draw ladder sections, arrange steps, add protective cages and rest platforms, and check the specification compliance one by one. This method is inefficient, and the modeling of a single ladder section often takes more than one hour, and key parameters such as step spacing and protective cage height are easily deviated from the standard due to human negligence. In addition, the BIM model and the engineering quantity statistics system are independent of each other, and after the design is completed, the material consumption needs to be calculated manually again, which often has a large error rate, seriously affecting budget control and construction preparation. Although there are parameterized stair modeling schemes in the prior art, they still cannot realize the automatic matching of ladder section length and safety components, especially lack of support for intelligent segmentation of long ladder sections and component joint generation, and cannot truly realize efficient, standardized and economic integrated design.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a steel straight ladder BIM design method that can automatically identify ladder section length, intelligently match safety components, and output models and engineering quantities in real time. SUMMARY

[0004] To solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the present application provides an intelligent steel straight ladder parameterized design method based on BIM in the first aspect, comprising: S1: based on a spatial straight line selected by a user in a BIM system, generating a coordinate data set containing elevation information of the end points by analyzing the geometric properties of the spatial straight line and extracting the three-dimensional coordinates of the two end points; S2: based on the coordinate data set containing the elevation information of the end points, generating a ladder section laying direction starting from the higher elevation end point and pointing to the other end by comparing the numerical values of the elevation information; S3: based on the geometric properties of the spatial straight line, generating a total length value of the ladder section by calculating the three-dimensional space length; S4: comparing the total length value of the ladder section with a preset length threshold to generate a segmentation strategy of the ladder section and a judgment result of the safety component type; S5: based on the step design parameters input by the user and the ladder section laying direction, generating a series of parameterized step components by equally spaced division on the spatial straight line; S6: Based on the segment-based segmentation strategy, the judgment result of the safety component type, and the parameterized step component, a steel straight ladder BIM model containing safety structure components and a bill of quantities are generated by calling a preset component library and adapting the path of the spatial straight line.

[0005] In some implementations, S1 includes: S1-1: Based on the spatial straight line selected by the user, the coordinate data of the start point and the end point of the spatial straight line are obtained by accessing the geometric attribute interface thereof; S2-2: Based on the obtained coordinate data of the start point and the end point, the elevation information set of the two end points is generated by separating the coordinate components; S2-3: Based on the elevation information set, a standardized coordinate data set is generated by data formatting processing; S2-4: Based on the standardized coordinate data set, a coordinate data set containing the elevation information of the end points is generated by a data verification program.

[0006] In some implementations, S2 includes: S2-1: Based on the coordinate data set containing the elevation information of the end points, the end point coordinate with higher elevation is identified by numerical comparison operation; S2-2: Based on the identified end point coordinate with higher elevation, the starting position of the ladder segment is determined by coordinate positioning processing; S2-3: Based on the starting position and the other end point coordinate, a ladder segment laying direction vector is generated by direction vector calculation; S2-4: Based on the ladder segment laying direction vector, a ladder segment laying direction starting from the higher elevation end point and pointing to the other end is generated by coordinate conversion processing.

[0007] In some implementations, S3 includes: S3-1: Based on the geometric properties of the spatial straight line, the initial value of the length of the spatial straight line is generated by three-dimensional coordinate difference calculation; S3-2: Based on the initial length value, a standardized length value is generated by length unit conversion processing; S3-3: Based on the standardized length value, a total length value of the ladder segment is generated by length verification algorithm.

[0008] In some implementations, S4 includes: S4-1: The total length value of the ladder segment is compared with the first length threshold to generate a preliminary segmentation judgment result; S4-2: The preliminary segmentation judgment result is compared with the second length threshold to generate a safety component demand type; S4-3: Based on the safety component demand type, a segmentation scheme is generated by segment length calculation; S4-4: Based on the segmentation scheme, the segmentation strategy of the ladder section and the judgment result of the safety component type are generated through the safety component matching process.

[0009] In some implementations, S5 includes: S5-1: Based on the user input step distance, step width and material parameters, the step design parameter set is generated through the parameter receiving interface; S5-2: Based on the step design parameter set and the space straight line, the step positioning point sequence is generated through the equal division algorithm calculation; S5-3: Based on the step positioning point sequence, the step component geometric model is generated through the parameterized component instantiation; S5-4: Based on the step component geometric model, a series of parameterized step components are generated through the attribute binding process.

[0010] In some implementations, S6 includes: S6-1: Based on the segmentation strategy of the ladder section and the judgment result of the safety component type, the safety component type list to be created is generated through the safety component type identification; S6-2: Based on the safety component type list to be created and the path of the space straight line, the safety component center line is generated through the path offset calculation; S6-3: Based on the safety component center line, the safety component three-dimensional model is generated through the section lofting process; S6-4: Based on the safety component three-dimensional model, the parameterized step component and the ladder laying direction, the steel straight ladder BIM model containing the safety structure component is generated through the model assembly program; S6-5: Based on the steel straight ladder BIM model, the bill of quantities is generated through the engineering quantity calculation algorithm.

[0011] In some implementations, the method further includes a model output step: Based on the steel straight ladder BIM model containing the safety structure component, the three-dimensional model file is generated through the model export interface; Based on the bill of quantities, the structured engineering quantity data is generated through the data formatting process; Based on the three-dimensional model file and the structured engineering quantity data, the design delivery package is generated through the document packaging process.

[0012] In some implementations, the method further includes a design verification step: Based on the parameterized step component, the step distance data is generated through the geometric parameter extraction; Based on the step distance data, the step distance compliance report is generated through the compliance comparison process; Based on the BIM model of the steel straight ladder containing safety structural components, a component interference inspection report is generated using a collision detection algorithm. Based on the bill of quantities, a statistical accuracy verification report is generated through a data verification procedure. Based on the step spacing compliance report, component interference inspection report, and statistical accuracy verification report, a list of design optimization suggestions is generated through problem analysis and processing.

[0013] Secondly, the present invention provides a BIM-based intelligent parametric design system for steel straight stairs. The system employs the method provided in any of the above embodiments, and the system includes: The baseline input and elevation recognition module is used to generate a coordinate dataset containing the elevation information of the endpoints by parsing the geometric properties of a spatial straight line selected by the user in the BIM system and extracting the three-dimensional coordinates of the two endpoints. The ladder segment direction determination module is connected to the baseline input and elevation recognition module. It is used to generate a ladder segment laying direction that starts from the higher elevation endpoint and points to the other end by comparing the numerical values ​​of the elevation information based on a coordinate dataset containing endpoint elevation information. The stair segment length calculation module is used to generate the total length value of the stair segment by calculating the length in three-dimensional space based on the geometric properties of a straight line in space. The segmentation decision module, connected to the stair segment length calculation module, is used to compare the total length of the stair segment with the preset length threshold and generate the segmentation strategy and the judgment result of the safety component type of the stair segment. The parametric step generation module, connected to the stair section direction determination module, is used to generate a series of parametric step components by dividing the stair section into equal intervals on a straight line in space based on the step design parameters and stair section laying direction input by the user. The model and quantity output module, connected to the segmentation decision module and the parametric step generation module, is used to generate a steel straight staircase BIM model and bill of quantities containing safety structural components based on the segmentation strategy of the stair segment, the judgment result of the safety component type, and the parametric step components. By calling the pre-set component library and adapting the path of the spatial straight line, it generates a steel straight staircase BIM model and bill of quantities containing safety structural components.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The BIM-based intelligent parametric design method for steel straight stairs effectively solves the problems of low efficiency, insufficient standardization, and separation of quantities mentioned in the background technology through the synergistic effect of multiple steps. First, by acquiring spatial straight lines and extracting endpoint elevation information, the system automatically identifies the laying direction of the stair sections, ensuring that the stair sections are laid from top to bottom and avoiding errors in manual judgment. Second, by calculating the total length of the stair sections and comparing it with a preset threshold, different segmentation strategies and safety component type judgments are automatically triggered, realizing intelligent matching of stair section length with protective cages and rest platforms, significantly improving design efficiency and standardization. Next, based on the step design parameters and stair section direction input by the user, the system automatically generates parametric step components in equal parts, ensuring that the step spacing is consistent and meets the specifications. Finally, by integrating a pre-set component library and path adaptation, a BIM model of the steel straight stairs containing safety structural components and a bill of quantities are automatically generated, realizing integrated output of model and quantity calculation. The entire process requires no human intervention, with each step progressing sequentially and data linked together. This not only significantly shortens design time and ensures compliance, but also minimizes errors in quantity surveying, truly achieving the design goals of efficiency, standardization, and economy. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a flowchart of a BIM-based intelligent steel straight ladder parametric design method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 The figure shown is a schematic diagram of the structure of a steel straight ladder BIM model provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 The figure shown is a schematic diagram of a BIM-based intelligent steel straight ladder parametric design system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Attached reference numerals: 1. Step component; 2. Protective cage; 3. Protective cage upright; 4. Resting platform; 5. Platform railing. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0021] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below.

[0022] Example 1 like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this invention proposes a BIM-based intelligent parametric design method for steel straight staircases, including: S1: Based on a spatial straight line selected by the user in the BIM system, the geometric properties of the spatial straight line are analyzed and the three-dimensional coordinates of the two endpoints are extracted to generate a coordinate dataset containing the endpoint elevation information. S2: Based on a coordinate dataset containing endpoint elevation information, by comparing the numerical values ​​of the elevation information, a ladder laying direction is generated, starting from the higher elevation endpoint and pointing to the other end. S3: Based on the geometric properties of a straight line in space, the total length of the ladder segment is generated by calculating the length in three-dimensional space; S4: Compare the total length of the stair section with the preset length threshold to generate the segmentation strategy and safety component type judgment results for the stair section; S5: Based on the user-input step design parameters and stair section laying direction, a series of parameterized step components 1 are generated by dividing the space into equal intervals on a straight line; S6: Based on the segmentation strategy of the stair section, the judgment result of the safety component type, and the parameterized step components, the BIM model of the steel straight staircase containing safety structural components and the bill of quantities are generated by calling the pre-set component library and adapting the path of the spatial straight line.

[0023] Specifically, this paper presents a BIM-based intelligent parametric design method for steel straight ladders. Its core lies in achieving rapid and standardized design and quantity calculation output of steel straight ladders through a series of automated steps. The method begins with the user selecting a spatial straight line in the BIM system. The system analyzes the geometric properties of this line, extracts the three-dimensional coordinates of the two endpoints, and generates a coordinate dataset containing endpoint elevation information. This step lays the data foundation for automated processing, ensuring the accuracy of subsequent direction determination and length calculation. Based on this coordinate dataset, the system automatically determines the laying direction of the ladder segment, starting from the higher elevation endpoint and pointing to the other end, by comparing the numerical values ​​of the elevation information. This simulates the conventional practice of installing steel straight ladders from top to bottom in actual engineering, avoiding errors that may arise from manual direction setting. Subsequently, based on the geometric properties of the same spatial straight line, the system calculates its three-dimensional spatial length to generate an accurate total length value for the ladder segment. This value is the key input triggering subsequent intelligent decisions. The system compares the total length of this stair section with a preset length threshold and automatically generates a segmentation strategy and a judgment result on the type of safety components, such as whether it is necessary to add a protective cage 2, a protective cage upright 3, or a rest platform 4, thereby realizing the embedded combination of design logic and safety specifications.

[0024] Next, the method utilizes user-inputted step design parameters (such as step spacing and width) and the determined staircase laying direction to generate a series of parametric step components by dividing the space into equal-spaced sections. Each step component is instantiated as a BIM primitive with accurate geometric dimensions and location, ensuring the model's accuracy. Finally, the system integrates the segmentation strategy, safety component type judgment results, and the generated parametric step components. By calling a pre-set component library and adapting to the path of the space line, it automatically generates a complete steel straight staircase BIM model containing safety structural components such as steps, protective cages, and rest platforms, and simultaneously outputs a detailed bill of quantities. The entire process achieves seamless integration from geometric input to integrated model and quantity output, greatly reducing manual intervention and improving design efficiency and standardization.

[0025] First, by automatically analyzing spatial straight lines and extracting elevation information, errors that might arise from manual coordinate input are eliminated, providing a reliable data starting point for the entire process. Automatically determining the laying direction of stair sections not only conforms to engineering practices but also avoids model rework due to incorrect direction settings. Precise calculation of three-dimensional spatial lengths provides an objective and accurate basis for subsequent intelligent segmentation, a core prerequisite for automation. Comparing lengths with preset thresholds and automatically generating segmentation strategies and safety component type judgments essentially embeds design specifications into the algorithm, ensuring mandatory compliance of design results and fundamentally solving the problem of manual design easily deviating from standards. Generating step components based on parametric methods ensures uniform spacing and dimensions for all steps, improving design quality and aesthetics. Finally, automatically generating a complete model by calling a pre-set component library enables rapid model construction and high-precision reconstruction. The integrated output of the bill of quantities completely breaks down the data barrier between the model and quantity calculation, achieving "one model for multiple uses" and significantly improving the efficiency and accuracy of budget preparation. In summary, this method, through the tight coupling and data linkage of each step, ultimately achieves a comprehensive technical effect of improving design efficiency, ensuring design specifications, and enhancing economic efficiency.

[0026] In some implementations, S1 includes: S1-1: Based on the spatial line selected by the user, obtain the coordinate data of the start and end points of the spatial line by accessing its geometric attribute interface; S2-2: Based on the obtained coordinate data of the starting point and the ending point, the elevation information set of the two endpoints is generated by separating the coordinate components; S2-3: Based on the elevation information set, a standardized coordinate dataset is generated through data formatting processing; S2-4: Based on the standardized coordinate dataset, a coordinate dataset containing endpoint elevation information is generated through a data validation procedure.

[0027] Specifically, this implementation involves obtaining the coordinate data of the start and end points of a spatial straight line selected by the user by accessing the geometric attribute application programming interface (API) provided by the BIM software. Alternatively, the coordinate values ​​can be directly read by parsing the underlying data structure of the model file. After obtaining the coordinate data, the system generates a set of elevation information for the two endpoints by separating the coordinate components (usually the Z-coordinate or coordinate values ​​depending on the elevation direction of the coordinate system). Subsequently, these elevation data are formatted, such as by standardizing units and retaining significant decimal places, to generate a standardized coordinate dataset. Finally, a data validation procedure (such as range checking or validity verification) ensures the integrity and rationality of the coordinate dataset, thereby ultimately outputting a coordinate dataset containing endpoint elevation information. This series of sub-steps ensures that the initial data obtained by the system is accurate, complete, and uniformly formatted, laying a solid and reliable foundation for all subsequent calculations and judgments based on elevation and coordinates. It avoids deviations in the entire design process caused by data source errors and is the primary data guarantee for achieving automation and intelligence.

[0028] In some implementations, S2 includes: S2-1: Based on a coordinate dataset containing endpoint elevation information, the coordinates of endpoints with larger elevations are identified through numerical comparison calculations. S2-2: Based on the coordinates of the identified endpoint with the larger elevation, the starting position of the ladder segment is determined through coordinate positioning processing; S2-3: Based on the starting position and the coordinates of the other end point, the laying direction vector of the ladder segment is generated by calculating the direction vector; S2-4: Based on the laying direction vector of the ladder segment, the laying direction of the ladder segment is generated by coordinate transformation, starting from the higher elevation endpoint and pointing to the other end.

[0029] Specifically, this implementation begins with a pre-generated coordinate dataset containing endpoint elevation information. The system identifies the endpoint with the larger elevation by performing numerical comparison operations (such as determining the magnitude of two Z-coordinate values). Once this point is determined, the system establishes it as the starting position of the stair section through coordinate positioning processing. Subsequently, based on this starting position and the coordinates of the other endpoint, a direction vector is calculated to obtain a three-dimensional vector pointing from the high point to the low point. Finally, the system may need to perform coordinate transformation processing, such as transforming the direction vector from the world coordinate system to the local coordinate system of the stair section component, or standardizing it to a unit vector, thereby generating the final direction used to guide the stair section laying. Alternatively, the direction vector can also be calculated by directly subtracting the coordinates of two points. This process is fully automated, and its technical advantage is that it ensures the consistency between the generated direction of the steel straight staircase model and the actual installation and climbing direction, meeting the requirements of safety regulations regarding stair section setting, while eliminating the subjectivity and potential errors of manually specifying the direction, improving the accuracy and standardization of the design.

[0030] In some implementations, S3 includes: S3-1: Based on the geometric properties of a spatial line, the initial length of the spatial line is generated by calculating the difference between three-dimensional coordinates. S3-2: Based on the initial length value, a standardized length value is generated through length unit conversion. S3-3: Based on the standardized length value, the total length value of the ladder segment is generated through a length verification algorithm.

[0031] Specifically, this implementation first obtains the initial length of the spatial line based on its geometric properties by calculating the difference in the three-dimensional coordinates of its two endpoints (applying the distance formula in three-dimensional space). Since different projects or systems may use different units of length, this initial value needs to undergo unit conversion, for example, converting the software's internal units to standardized length values ​​in millimeters or meters to ensure consistency with preset threshold units. Subsequently, a length verification algorithm is invoked to check whether the calculated length value is greater than zero and within a reasonable engineering range, thus ultimately generating a reliable total length value for the stair section. Alternative unit conversion methods may rely on preset system configuration items or user preference settings. The technical advantage of this step is that it provides a unique and objective length benchmark upon which subsequent intelligent decisions are based. Its automated calculation eliminates errors that may arise from manual measurement and input, ensuring the accuracy of segmentation strategies and safety component judgments, and is a crucial step for the correct operation of the entire parameterized driving logic.

[0032] In some implementations, S4 includes: S4-1: Compare the total length of the stair segment with the first length threshold to generate a preliminary segmentation judgment result; S4-2: Compare the preliminary segmentation judgment result with the second length threshold to generate the safety component requirement type; S4-3: Based on the safety component requirement type, a segmentation scheme is generated by calculating the segment length; S4-4: Based on the segmentation scheme, the segmentation strategy of the ladder segment and the judgment result of the safety component type are generated through safety component matching processing.

[0033] Specifically, this implementation describes a multi-level judgment process. The system first compares the total length of the stair segment with a first length threshold (e.g., the basic length to distinguish whether a safety component is needed), generating a preliminary segmentation judgment result, such as determining whether the stair segment belongs to the "short stair segment" or "long stair segment" category. Next, this preliminary judgment result is further compared with a second length threshold (e.g., the critical length to distinguish whether a rest platform is needed), thereby generating a more specific safety component requirement type, such as "only steps required," "steps and guardrail required," or "segmentation and platform required." Based on the determined safety component requirement type, the system generates a specific segmentation scheme, including the number of segments and the length of each segment, through segment length calculation (e.g., division and rounding of the total length). Finally, through safety component matching processing, the segmentation scheme is associated with specific component types (e.g., the model of the guardrail, the size of the platform), ultimately outputting the complete stair segmentation strategy and the judgment result of the safety component type.

[0034] The technical effect of this step is to transform the experience and standard provisions of human designers into precise computer logic, thereby automating and intelligentizing design decisions and ensuring that safe and economical design solutions can be obtained for stair sections of different lengths. This is the core of the present invention in improving design efficiency and standardization.

[0035] In some implementations, S5 includes: S5-1: Based on the user-inputted step spacing, step width, and material parameters, generate a set of step design parameters through the parameter receiving interface; S5-2: Based on the step design parameter set and spatial straight line, the step positioning point sequence is generated by calculating using the equal division algorithm; S5-3: Based on the step positioning point sequence, generate the geometric model of the step component through parameterized component instantiation; S5-4: Based on the geometric model of the step components, a series of parameterized step components are generated through attribute binding.

[0036] Specifically, this implementation begins with the user inputting design information such as tread spacing, tread width, and material parameters through a graphical interface or data interface. The system acquires this data through a parameter receiving interface and verifies and formats it to generate a complete set of tread design parameters. Alternative parameter receiving methods could include reading default parameters from a preset configuration file or receiving data streams from an upstream design system. Subsequently, the system combines the determined spatial straight line with the tread spacing in the tread design parameter set and uses an equal division algorithm to divide the spatial straight line. This equal division algorithm can be a simple arithmetic division to determine the number of division points and then calculate the coordinates of each point, or it can involve taking points at equal intervals along the direction of the spatial straight line vector, ultimately generating a precise sequence of tread positioning points. These points define the center position of each tread in three-dimensional space.

[0037] Based on the sequence of step positioning points, the system creates the geometric model of the step through a parameterized component instantiation process. Specifically, the system calls the corresponding family type from the predefined step component family library, uses each step positioning point as an insertion point, and assigns attributes such as step width and material parameters to the instance, thereby generating the geometric model of a single step component.

[0038] An alternative instantiation method could be to use a procedural modeling API to generate the geometry of the steps in real time (e.g., extruding the contour to form the step tread). Finally, through attribute binding, parameters from the step design parameter set (such as step number and material specifications) are attached as non-geometric information to the geometric model of each step component, forming a series of parametric step components that contain both geometric and attribute information. These components become intelligent objects that can be identified and statistically analyzed in the BIM model.

[0039] The technical advantage of this step lies in achieving a high degree of automation and standardization in step design. Design parameters are centrally acquired through a parameter receiving interface, avoiding the tediousness and potential inconsistencies of setting parameters in multiple locations. The use of an equal-division algorithm to automatically calculate step positioning points ensures uniformity in all step spacing, meeting the stringent safety requirements for step uniformity—something difficult to guarantee absolutely through manual layout. The parametric component instantiation process rapidly transforms design intent into a precise geometric model, significantly improving modeling speed. The final attribute binding process endows step components with rich semantic information, making each step not only a 3D graphic but also a BIM object containing all necessary design data, providing a complete data foundation for subsequent quantity surveys, construction chart annotations, and facility management. The entire S5 step ensures rapid, accurate, and complete step generation, making it a key element in improving overall design efficiency.

[0040] In some implementations, S6 includes: S6-1: Based on the segmentation strategy of the ladder segment and the judgment result of the safety component type, generate a list of safety component types to be created through safety component type identification; S6-2: Based on the list of safety component types to be created and the path of the spatial straight line, generate the center line of the safety component through path offset calculation; S6-3: Based on the centerline of the safety component, a three-dimensional model of the safety component is generated through cross-section lofting. S6-4: Based on the 3D model of safety components, parametric step components, and stair laying direction, a BIM model of a steel straight staircase containing safety structural components is generated through a model assembly program. S6-5: Based on the BIM model of the steel straight ladder, a bill of quantities is generated through an engineering quantity calculation algorithm.

[0041] Specifically, this implementation first uses the segmentation strategy and safety component type judgment results output by the segmentation decision module to parse out the specific safety component types and quantities to be created, such as the number of protective cage segments and the number of rest platforms, thereby generating a list of safety component types to be created. Next, for each safety component (such as a protective cage) in the list that needs to be arranged along a path, the system determines its generation position based on the original spatial straight path through path offset calculation. For example, the centerline of the protective cage may need to be offset a certain distance from the centerline of the stair segment and smoothly connected by an arc of a specific radius. This calculation needs to consider the width of the stair segment and the clearance requirements of safety regulations, thereby generating an accurate centerline for the safety component.

[0042] Subsequently, the system generates a 3D model of the safety component based on its centerline through cross-section lofting. This means that the system scans and lofts a predefined cross-sectional profile (such as a circular steel pipe cross-section) along the calculated centerline of the safety component, thereby forming a 3D solid model of the protective cage steel pipe or platform railing 5. An alternative lofting method could be to call prefabricated parametric component families and place them in an array along the path. At the same time, the parametric step generation module has generated all the step components. Next, the model assembly program is launched, which precisely positions and assembles the 3D model of the safety component and the parametric step components in 3D space according to the stair section laying direction, checks and resolves possible geometric conflicts, and finally generates a complete steel straight staircase BIM model containing all safety structural components. This model is an integrated and coordinated BIM element.

[0043] Finally, based on this steel ladder BIM model, the quantity calculation algorithm is triggered. This algorithm traverses all components in the model, extracting their geometric parameters (such as length and volume) and material properties (such as density), and performs calculations according to built-in quantity calculation rules (such as the steel structure weight calculation formula), automatically generating a detailed bill of quantities. The bill of quantities can include the length, weight, and surface area of ​​various types of steel. The technical effect of this step is to achieve a complete closed loop from design decision-making to integrated delivery of model and cost data. Automated generation of safety component centerlines ensures the accuracy of the positions of components such as protective cages, while cross-section layout ensures the standardization of their geometry. The model assembly program integrates the scattered components into a coordinated whole model, avoiding component collision problems common in traditional design. The final automated quantity statistics function eliminates the inefficiency and errors caused by manual quantity calculation, truly realizing the real-time quantification of design results, providing highly reliable data support for project cost control and material procurement, and greatly improving the overall project management efficiency.

[0044] In some implementations, the method also includes a model output step: Based on the BIM model of the steel straight ladder containing safety structural components, a three-dimensional model file is generated through the model export interface; Based on the bill of quantities, structured quantity data is generated through data formatting. Based on 3D model files and structured engineering quantity data, a design delivery package is generated through document packaging.

[0045] Specifically, after the BIM model and bill of quantities for the steel straight staircase are generated, this implementation method converts the BIM model, which includes safety structural components, into a common 3D model file format for downstream use via a model export interface. Common export formats include IFC, DWG, and DGN, which ensure the model's accessibility across different BIM platforms or viewing software. An alternative export method is to directly generate the native format model file using the original BIM platform's API. Simultaneously, based on the generated bill of quantities, the system organizes it into structured data through data formatting, such as converting it to XML or JSON formats, or organizing it into a tabular structure that conforms to the interface requirements of specific budgeting software, thereby generating structured quantity data. This enhances the machine readability and exchangeability of the data.

[0046] Finally, the system uses document packaging to categorize, compress, or encapsulate the exported 3D model files and the generated structured engineering quantity data (which may sometimes also include design specifications, reports, etc.) into a complete design delivery package. This delivery package can serve as a deliverable in the design phase and can be directly used for delivery review, construction bidding, or budget preparation. The technical effect of this additional step is to achieve a complete digital delivery loop in the design process. Standardized model export interfaces ensure the universality and interoperability of design deliverables, avoiding information silos. Structured processing of the bill of quantities transforms it from a static tabular document into dynamic data that can be directly read and utilized by other information systems (such as ERP and project management software), significantly improving data flow efficiency. The final document packaging ensures the integrity and portability of all deliverables, facilitates collaboration and communication among different stakeholders, and improves the overall project efficiency and data consistency.

[0047] In some implementations, the method also includes designing a verification step: Based on parametric step components, step spacing data is generated by extracting geometric parameters; Based on step spacing data, a step spacing compliance report is generated through compliance comparison processing. Based on the BIM model of the steel straight ladder containing safety structural components, a component interference inspection report is generated using a collision detection algorithm. Based on the bill of quantities, a statistical accuracy verification report is generated through a data verification procedure. Based on the step spacing compliance report, component interference inspection report, and statistical accuracy verification report, a list of design optimization suggestions is generated through problem analysis and processing.

[0048] Specifically, this implementation method initiates a verification process after the BIM model of the steel straight staircase is generated. First, based on the generated parametric step components, the system extracts the actual step spacing data from the attributes of each component or through direct geometric measurement using a geometric parameter extraction program, forming a dataset. Subsequently, the system compares this step spacing data with preset standard values ​​(such as the maximum and minimum spacing specified in safety regulations), and generates a step spacing compliance report through compliance comparison processing, clearly indicating whether there are any deviations.

[0049] Simultaneously, the system runs a collision detection algorithm based on the BIM model of the steel straight staircase, which includes safety structural components. This algorithm checks for geometric interference between all components, including the staircase itself, steps, guardrails, and landings, as well as between these components and surrounding existing model components. It generates a component interference check report, detailing all detected collision points. Furthermore, the system verifies the generated bill of quantities using a data validation program. This verification can include total quantity checks, unit conversion verification, or reverse calculations and comparisons with the model's geometric information, thereby generating a statistical accuracy verification report to assess the reliability of the quantity calculations.

[0050] Finally, the system integrates the stair tread spacing compliance report, component interference inspection report, and statistical accuracy verification report. Through problem analysis and processing logic (such as rule engine or logical judgment), it categorizes, filters, and prioritizes all discovered problems, and automatically generates a list of design optimization suggestions. This list may include specific suggestions such as adjusting stair tread spacing, modifying component positions, or reviewing material usage.

[0051] The technical benefit of this step is that it adds a crucial quality assurance layer to the automated design process. Automated compliance checks ensure that design outputs never deviate from mandatory specifications, eliminating potential safety hazards at the source. Collision detection identifies and resolves potential conflicts during construction in advance within a virtual environment, avoiding rework and waste on-site. Quantity verification enhances confidence in cost predictions. The final design optimization suggestion list transforms scattered verification results into actionable guidance, assisting designers in quickly completing design optimizations, thereby comprehensively improving the quality, safety, and economy of the design, making the automated design results more mature and reliable.

[0052] Example 2 like Figure 3 As shown, in a second aspect, the present invention provides a BIM-based intelligent parametric design system for steel straight stairs. The system employs the method provided in any of the above embodiments, and the system includes: The baseline input and elevation recognition module is used to generate a coordinate dataset containing the elevation information of the endpoints by parsing the geometric properties of a spatial straight line selected by the user in the BIM system and extracting the three-dimensional coordinates of the two endpoints. The ladder segment direction determination module is connected to the baseline input and elevation recognition module. It is used to generate a ladder segment laying direction that starts from the higher elevation endpoint and points to the other end by comparing the numerical values ​​of the elevation information based on a coordinate dataset containing endpoint elevation information. The stair segment length calculation module is used to generate the total length value of the stair segment by calculating the length in three-dimensional space based on the geometric properties of a straight line in space. The segmentation decision module, connected to the stair segment length calculation module, is used to compare the total length of the stair segment with the preset length threshold and generate the segmentation strategy and the judgment result of the safety component type of the stair segment. The parametric step generation module, connected to the stair section direction determination module, is used to generate a series of parametric step components by dividing the stair section into equal intervals on a straight line in space based on the step design parameters and stair section laying direction input by the user. The model and quantity output module, connected to the segmentation decision module and the parametric step generation module, is used to generate a steel straight staircase BIM model and bill of quantities containing safety structural components based on the segmentation strategy of the stair segment, the judgment result of the safety component type, and the parametric step components. By calling the pre-set component library and adapting the path of the spatial straight line, it generates a steel straight staircase BIM model and bill of quantities containing safety structural components.

[0053] This system corresponds to the method provided in Example 1, and will not be described in detail here.

[0054] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A BIM-based parametric design method for intelligent steel straight staircases, characterized in that, include: S1: Based on a spatial straight line selected by the user in the BIM system, the geometric properties of the spatial straight line are analyzed and the three-dimensional coordinates of the two endpoints are extracted to generate a coordinate dataset containing the endpoint elevation information. S2: Based on a coordinate dataset containing endpoint elevation information, by comparing the numerical values ​​of the elevation information, a ladder laying direction is generated, starting from the higher elevation endpoint and pointing to the other end. S3: Based on the geometric properties of a straight line in space, the total length of the ladder segment is generated by calculating the length in three-dimensional space; S4: Compare the total length of the stair section with the preset length threshold to generate the segmentation strategy and safety component type judgment results for the stair section; S5: Based on the user-input step design parameters and stair section laying direction, a series of parametric step components are generated by dividing the space into equal intervals on a straight line; S6: Based on the segmentation strategy of the stair section, the judgment result of the safety component type, and the parameterized step component, the BIM model of the steel straight staircase containing the safety structural components and the bill of quantities are generated by calling the pre-set component library and adapting the path of the spatial straight line.

2. The BIM-based parametric design method for intelligent steel straight staircases according to claim 1, characterized in that, S1 includes: S1-1: Based on the spatial line selected by the user, obtain the coordinate data of the start and end points of the spatial line by accessing its geometric attribute interface; S2-2: Based on the obtained coordinate data of the starting point and the ending point, the elevation information set of the two endpoints is generated by separating the coordinate components; S2-3: Based on the aforementioned elevation information set, a standardized coordinate dataset is generated through data formatting processing; S2-4: Based on the standardized coordinate dataset, a coordinate dataset containing endpoint elevation information is generated through a data validation procedure.

3. The BIM-based intelligent steel straight staircase parametric design method according to claim 1, characterized in that, S2 include: S2-1: Based on a coordinate dataset containing endpoint elevation information, the coordinates of endpoints with larger elevations are identified through numerical comparison calculations. S2-2: Based on the coordinates of the identified endpoint with the larger elevation, the starting position of the ladder segment is determined through coordinate positioning processing; S2-3: Based on the starting position and the coordinates of the other end point, generate the ladder segment laying direction vector through direction vector calculation; S2-4: Based on the aforementioned ladder segment laying direction vector, a ladder segment laying direction is generated by coordinate transformation, starting from the higher elevation endpoint and pointing to the other end.

4. The BIM-based intelligent steel straight staircase parametric design method according to claim 1, characterized in that, S3 include: S3-1: Based on the geometric properties of a spatial line, the initial length of the spatial line is generated by calculating the difference between three-dimensional coordinates. S3-2: Based on the initial length value, a standardized length value is generated through length unit conversion. S3-3: Based on the standardized length value, the total length value of the ladder segment is generated through a length verification algorithm.

5. The BIM-based intelligent steel straight staircase parametric design method according to claim 1, characterized in that, S4 include: S4-1: Compare the total length of the stair segment with the first length threshold to generate a preliminary segmentation judgment result; S4-2: Compare the preliminary segmentation judgment result with the second length threshold to generate the safety component requirement type; S4-3: Based on the safety component requirement type, a segmentation scheme is generated by calculating the segment length; S4-4: Based on the segmentation scheme, the segmentation strategy of the ladder segment and the judgment result of the safety component type are generated through safety component matching processing.

6. The BIM-based intelligent steel straight staircase parametric design method according to claim 1, characterized in that, S5 include: S5-1: Based on the user-inputted step spacing, step width, and material parameters, generate a set of step design parameters through the parameter receiving interface; S5-2: Based on the step design parameter set and spatial straight line, the step positioning point sequence is generated by calculating using the equal division algorithm; S5-3: Based on the step positioning point sequence, generate the geometric model of the step component through parameterized component instantiation; S5-4: Based on the geometric model of the step components, a series of parameterized step components are generated through attribute binding.

7. The BIM-based intelligent steel straight staircase parametric design method according to claim 1, characterized in that, S6 include: S6-1: Based on the segmentation strategy of the ladder segment and the judgment result of the safety component type, generate a list of safety component types to be created through safety component type identification; S6-2: Based on the list of safety component types to be created and the path of the spatial straight line, generate the center line of the safety component through path offset calculation; S6-3: Based on the centerline of the safety component, a three-dimensional model of the safety component is generated through cross-section lofting. S6-4: Based on the 3D model of safety components, parametric step components, and stair laying direction, a BIM model of a steel straight staircase containing safety structural components is generated through a model assembly program. S6-5: Based on the BIM model of the steel straight ladder, a bill of quantities is generated through an engineering quantity calculation algorithm.

8. The BIM-based parametric design method for intelligent steel straight staircases according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes the model output step: Based on the BIM model of the steel straight ladder containing safety structural components, a three-dimensional model file is generated through the model export interface; Based on the bill of quantities, structured quantity data is generated through data formatting. Based on 3D model files and structured engineering quantity data, a design delivery package is generated through document packaging.

9. The BIM-based parametric design method for intelligent steel straight staircases according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes design verification steps: Based on parametric step components, step spacing data is generated by extracting geometric parameters; Based on step spacing data, a step spacing compliance report is generated through compliance comparison processing. Based on the BIM model of the steel straight ladder containing safety structural components, a component interference inspection report is generated using a collision detection algorithm. Based on the bill of quantities, a statistical accuracy verification report is generated through a data verification procedure. Based on the step spacing compliance report, component interference inspection report, and statistical accuracy verification report, a list of design optimization suggestions is generated through problem analysis and processing.

10. A BIM-based intelligent parametric design system for steel straight staircases, characterized in that, The system employs the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the system comprising: The baseline input and elevation recognition module is used to generate a coordinate dataset containing the elevation information of the endpoints by parsing the geometric properties of a spatial straight line selected by the user in the BIM system and extracting the three-dimensional coordinates of the two endpoints. The ladder segment direction determination module is connected to the baseline input and elevation recognition module. It is used to generate a ladder segment laying direction that starts from the higher elevation endpoint and points to the other end by comparing the numerical values ​​of the elevation information based on a coordinate dataset containing endpoint elevation information. The stair segment length calculation module is used to generate the total length value of the stair segment by calculating the length in three-dimensional space based on the geometric properties of a straight line in space. The segmentation decision module, connected to the stair segment length calculation module, is used to compare the total length of the stair segment with the preset length threshold and generate the segmentation strategy and the judgment result of the safety component type of the stair segment. The parametric step generation module, connected to the stair section direction determination module, is used to generate a series of parametric step components by dividing the stair section into equal intervals on a straight line in space based on the step design parameters and stair section laying direction input by the user. The model and quantity output module, connected to the segmentation decision module and the parametric step generation module, is used to generate a steel straight staircase BIM model and quantity list containing safety structural components based on the segmentation strategy of the stair segment, the judgment result of the safety component type, and the parametric step components, by calling the pre-set component library and adapting the path of the spatial straight line.

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