An air interface synchronization method, device, apparatus and storage medium

Abstract

This application discloses an air interface synchronization method, apparatus, device, and storage medium. The method includes: acquiring multiple initial signal data corresponding to each scanning cycle obtained by periodically scanning a preset frequency point; superimposing the multiple initial signal data corresponding to the multiple scanning cycles to obtain initial valid signal data; determining an initial time offset based on a preset arrival time and the actual arrival time of the initial valid signal data; iteratively adjusting the initial time offset based on the correlation between the preset frequency offset and the time offset and the scanning duration corresponding to the scanning cycle until the termination iteration condition is reached to obtain the final time offset; and upon receiving multiple final signal data corresponding to each scanning cycle obtained by periodically scanning the preset frequency point based on the final time offset, performing channel analysis on the multiple final signal data to complete air interface synchronization, which can improve the air interface synchronization efficiency and the success rate of air interface synchronization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of wireless communication network technology, specifically relating to an air interface synchronization method, apparatus, device, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of wireless communication networks, air interface synchronization is a core prerequisite for terminals to access base stations and achieve data transmission and reception. Terminals need to be precisely synchronized with base stations in the time and frequency domains to accurately capture the synchronization signals sent by the base stations, thereby completing cell access and subsequent wireless communication. The application of air interface synchronization technology in wireless communication network scenarios has become very important.

[0003] In existing technologies, the main method for terminals to achieve air interface synchronization is for the terminal to perform a signal scan over a wide frequency band, identify whether there is a signal in the scan results that is exactly the same as a specific signal from the base station, and if so, directly modify the actual arrival time of that signal to the protocol's preset arrival time to complete air interface synchronization. However, existing technologies rely on strong signal energy and are prone to introducing a large amount of noise, resulting in a low effective signal acquisition rate and consequently low air interface synchronization efficiency. Furthermore, existing technologies ignore the time delay and frequency offset caused by signal transmission in space, leading to a high signal parsing error rate and air interface synchronization failure rate. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide an air interface synchronization method, apparatus, device, and storage medium, which solves the problems of low air interface synchronization efficiency and high synchronization failure rate in the prior art. By superimposing multiple initial signal data corresponding to multiple scanning cycles, initial valid signal data is obtained, the initial time offset is determined, the initial time offset is iteratively adjusted to obtain the final time offset, and channel analysis is performed on multiple final signal data to complete air interface synchronization. This can improve the acquisition rate of valid signals and the air interface synchronization efficiency. Furthermore, channel analysis is performed after frequency offset correction, which improves the accuracy of the existing signal analysis results and the success rate of air interface synchronization, thus helping to improve the stability of wireless communication between the terminal and the base station.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an air interface synchronization method, the method comprising:

[0006] Acquire multiple initial signal data corresponding to each scanning cycle obtained by periodically scanning a preset frequency point, and superimpose the multiple initial signal data corresponding to multiple scanning cycles to obtain initial valid signal data;

[0007] The initial time offset is determined based on the preset arrival time and the actual arrival time of the initial valid signal data. The initial time offset is iteratively adjusted based on the correlation between the preset frequency offset and the time offset and the scanning duration corresponding to the scanning cycle until the termination condition is reached, and the final time offset is obtained.

[0008] Upon receiving multiple final signal data corresponding to each scanning cycle obtained by periodically scanning a preset frequency point based on the final time offset, channel parsing is performed on the multiple final signal data to complete air interface synchronization.

[0009] Furthermore, the initial signal data corresponding to multiple scan cycles are superimposed to obtain the initial valid signal data, including:

[0010] Clustering is performed on multiple initial signal data corresponding to each scan cycle, and the number of signal superposition cycles corresponding to each scan cycle is determined based on the clustering results.

[0011] The initial valid signal data is obtained by periodically superimposing multiple initial signal data corresponding to multiple scan cycles according to the number of signal superposition cycles corresponding to each scan cycle.

[0012] Furthermore, clustering processing is performed on the multiple initial signal data corresponding to each scan cycle, including:

[0013] Two initial signal data points are randomly selected from the multiple initial signal data points corresponding to each scanning cycle as candidate cluster center data points. The Euclidean distance between each remaining data point and each candidate cluster center data point is calculated. Initial clustering is performed on the multiple initial signal data points corresponding to each scanning cycle based on the Euclidean distance.

[0014] Calculate the first average value of the initial noise category data and the second average value of the initial signal category data in the initial clustering results corresponding to each scan cycle, and update the candidate cluster center data corresponding to each scan cycle based on the first average value and the second average value respectively;

[0015] The initial clustering result is iterated based on the candidate cluster center data update result for each scanning cycle until the cluster center data no longer changes, thus obtaining the final clustering result.

[0016] Furthermore, based on the clustering results, the number of signal superposition periods corresponding to each scanning period is determined, including:

[0017] Based on the final noise category center data and the final signal category center data in the final clustering results, calculate the noise energy value, the signal energy value, and the absolute value of the energy difference between the noise energy value and the signal energy value. Then, based on the absolute value of the energy difference, determine whether there is any superimposed valid signal data among the multiple initial signal data corresponding to each scan cycle.

[0018] If there are valid signal data that can be superimposed among the multiple initial signal data corresponding to each scan cycle, compare the magnitude relationship between the signal energy value and the preset noise energy threshold, and determine the number of signal superposition cycles corresponding to each scan cycle based on the comparison result.

[0019] Furthermore, the iteration conditions include setting the time-biased rate of change to zero for a preset number of consecutive iterations;

[0020] Based on the pre-defined correlation between frequency offset and time offset, and the scan duration corresponding to the scan cycle, the initial time offset is iteratively adjusted until the termination condition is met, resulting in the final time offset, including:

[0021] Based on the correlation between the preset frequency offset and the time offset, and the scanning duration corresponding to the scanning cycle, the initial crystal oscillator frequency to be adjusted corresponding to the initial time offset is determined. Upon receiving the scanning update result of the preset frequency point based on the initial crystal oscillator frequency to be adjusted, the initial valid signal data update result in the scanning update result is parsed.

[0022] Identify the actual arrival time update result in the initial valid signal data update result, calculate the time offset update result based on the preset arrival time and the actual arrival time update result, and calculate the time offset change rate based on the time offset update result and the initial time offset;

[0023] The initial crystal oscillator frequency to be adjusted is iteratively adjusted based on the time offset change rate. The preset frequency point is iteratively scanned according to the scanning period and the iterative adjustment result of the initial crystal oscillator frequency to be adjusted until the time offset change rate is 0 for a preset number of consecutive times. The target time offset update result with a time offset change rate of 0 is taken as the final time offset.

[0024] Furthermore, the relationship between the preset frequency offset and time offset is expressed by the following formula:

[0025] ;

[0026] in, The crystal oscillator frequency needs to be adjusted. For time-biased update results, For the initial time offset, For the scan cycle, and This is an adjustment factor, related to the scan cycle.

[0027] Furthermore, channel analysis is performed on multiple final signal data to complete air interface synchronization, including:

[0028] The final signal data corresponding to multiple scan cycles are superimposed to obtain the final effective signal data.

[0029] Read the channel data from the final valid signal data, and perform system frame number decoding, subframe decoding, and time slot decoding on the channel data respectively;

[0030] The configuration parameters of the radio frequency processing unit are adjusted based on the system frame number decoding result, subframe decoding result, and time slot decoding result to complete the air interface synchronization.

[0031] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an air interface synchronization device, the device comprising:

[0032] The effective signal determination module is used to acquire multiple initial signal data corresponding to each scanning cycle obtained by periodically scanning a preset frequency point, and to superimpose the multiple initial signal data corresponding to multiple scanning cycles to obtain initial effective signal data.

[0033] The time offset iteration module is used to determine the initial time offset based on the preset arrival time and the actual arrival time of the initial valid signal data. Based on the correlation between the preset frequency offset and the time offset and the scanning duration corresponding to the scanning cycle, the initial time offset is iteratively adjusted until the termination iteration condition is reached to obtain the final time offset.

[0034] The air interface synchronization module is used to perform channel analysis on multiple final signal data corresponding to each scanning period obtained by periodically scanning a preset frequency point based on the final time offset, and complete the air interface synchronization.

[0035] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device including a processor, a memory, and a program or instructions stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect.

[0036] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a readable storage medium on which a program or instructions are stored, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect.

[0037] Fifthly, embodiments of this application also provide a computer program product comprising a computer program stored in a computer-readable storage medium, wherein at least one processor of the device reads from the computer-readable storage medium and executes the computer program, causing the device to perform the method described in the first aspect.

[0038] In this embodiment, multiple initial signal data corresponding to each scanning cycle obtained by periodically scanning a preset frequency point are acquired. The multiple initial signal data corresponding to multiple scanning cycles are superimposed to obtain initial valid signal data. An initial time offset is determined based on a preset arrival time and the actual arrival time of the initial valid signal data. The initial time offset is iteratively adjusted based on the correlation between the preset frequency offset and the time offset and the scanning duration corresponding to the scanning cycle until the termination iteration condition is reached to obtain the final time offset. When multiple final signal data corresponding to each scanning cycle obtained by periodically scanning a preset frequency point based on the final time offset are received, channel parsing is performed on the multiple final signal data to complete air interface synchronization. The above-described air interface synchronization method solves the problems of low air interface synchronization efficiency and high synchronization failure rate in the existing technology. By superimposing multiple initial signal data corresponding to multiple scanning cycles, initial valid signal data is obtained, the initial time offset is determined, the initial time offset is iteratively adjusted to obtain the final time offset, and channel analysis is performed on multiple final signal data to complete air interface synchronization. This can improve the acquisition rate of valid signals and the air interface synchronization efficiency. Furthermore, channel analysis is performed after frequency offset correction, which improves the accuracy of the existing signal analysis results and the success rate of air interface synchronization, thus helping to improve the stability of wireless communication between the terminal and the base station. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an air interface synchronization method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of cell search frequency offset variation provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hierarchical interaction of terminal air interface synchronization provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of determining initial valid signal data provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of terminal frequency scanning provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of another air interface synchronization method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0045] Figure 7 This is a flowchart of the terminal re-cell search provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0046] Figure 8 This is a structural block diagram of an air interface synchronization device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 9This is a structural block diagram of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining this application and not for limiting it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to this application are shown in the drawings, not all of them. Before discussing exemplary embodiments in more detail, it should be mentioned that some exemplary embodiments are described as processes or methods depicted as flowcharts. Although the flowcharts describe operations (or steps) as sequential processes, many of these operations can be performed in parallel, concurrently, or simultaneously. Furthermore, the order of the operations can be rearranged. The process can be terminated when its operation is completed, but may also have additional steps not included in the drawings. The process can correspond to a method, function, procedure, subroutine, subprogram, etc.

[0049] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0050] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0051] First, this solution can be used in scenarios where terminals access base station cells in wireless communication networks, particularly in scenarios where terminals achieve wireless communication by accessing the base station through air interface synchronization. By superimposing multiple initial signal data corresponding to multiple scanning cycles, initial valid signal data is obtained, the initial time offset is determined, and the initial time offset is iteratively adjusted to obtain the final time offset. Channel analysis is then performed on multiple final signal data to complete air interface synchronization. This improves the acquisition rate of valid signals and the efficiency of air interface synchronization. Furthermore, performing channel analysis after correcting the frequency offset improves the accuracy of the existing signal analysis results and the success rate of air interface synchronization. Based on the above application scenarios, it is understood that the executing entity of each step in this solution can be a terminal device that wirelessly communicates with or establishes a wireless connection with the base station. This terminal device refers to any electronic device with data computing, processing, and storage capabilities, such as mobile phones, PCs (Personal Computers), tablet computers, etc., or it can be a server, etc. This application embodiment does not limit this.

[0052] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, details an air interface synchronization method, apparatus, device, and storage medium provided in this application through specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0053] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an air interface synchronization method provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the specific steps include the following:

[0054] S101, acquire multiple initial signal data corresponding to each scanning cycle obtained by periodically scanning a preset frequency point, and superimpose the multiple initial signal data corresponding to multiple scanning cycles to obtain initial valid signal data.

[0055] The preset frequency point can be a specific frequency point pre-set by the base station for receiving signals and being scanned for identification. The initial signal data can be the raw signal data collected after scanning the preset frequency point for a single scan cycle. The valid signal data can be the signal data broadcast by the base station to establish a connection with the terminal. In this scheme, the valid signal data is the SSB (Synchronization Signal Block) signal periodically broadcast by the base station to help the terminal complete cell search and synchronization; the scan cycle is set to the SSB broadcast cycle. The initial valid signal data can be the signal data broadcast by the base station obtained by superimposing multiple sets of initial signal data corresponding to multiple scan cycles. Superposition processing is used to enhance the valid signal and suppress noise, making the signal characteristics of the valid signal clearer.

[0056] In one embodiment, multiple initial signal data corresponding to each scanning cycle obtained by periodically scanning a preset frequency point can be acquired. The presence of signal data that meets the characteristics of an effective signal and its corresponding signal strength within the initial signal data is identified. The number of cycles to be superimposed is determined based on the signal strength and the average historical transmit / receive signal strength stored by the base station. According to the required number of superimposed cycles, the scanning start and end points of each scanning cycle are aligned and merged. The multiple initial signal data corresponding to multiple scanning cycles are then superimposed to obtain the initial effective signal data. Since the terminal does not know where the SSB signal is during the initial cell search phase, to avoid the problem of insufficient SSB signal energy within a single scanning cycle and inaccurate SSB signal detection results due to external noise interference, multiple initial signal data corresponding to multiple scanning cycles need to be superimposed to improve the energy of the effective signal. The overall cell search method in this scheme is to superimpose and merge multiple SSB signal cycles for cell search. The purpose of merging is to increase signal gain; by superimposing and merging multiple SSB cycles, signal energy is improved and noise is suppressed.

[0057] S102, determine the initial time offset based on the preset arrival time and the actual arrival time of the initial valid signal data, and iteratively adjust the initial time offset based on the correlation between the preset frequency offset and the time offset and the scanning duration corresponding to the scanning cycle until the termination iteration condition is reached, and obtain the final time offset.

[0058] The preset arrival time can be the theoretical time for a valid signal to arrive at the device under normal circumstances, pre-set based on theoretical parameters, protocol standards, or empirical values. The actual arrival time can be the actual arrival time of the valid signal determined by detecting signal characteristics such as signal peaks and starting edges after the device receives the initial valid signal data. The initial time offset can be data describing the deviation between the actual arrival time and the preset arrival time of the initial valid signal data. The correlation between the preset frequency offset and the time offset can be a pre-set relationship describing the mutual influence between the two. For example, due to the initial frequency offset between the terminal and the base station, the time offset between the terminal and the base station will continuously increase over time; when the rate of change of the time offset between the terminal and the base station tends to stabilize, the frequency offset between the terminal and the base station also tends to 0. The termination iteration condition can be a pre-set criterion for stopping the iterative adjustment of the time offset. For example, the error after time offset adjustment is less than a certain preset threshold, the number of iterations reaches a set upper limit, and the time offset value no longer changes significantly. The final time offset can be the time offset value that meets the termination iteration condition. The final time offset can be used to guide the device to accurately receive the valid signal broadcast by the base station.

[0059] In one embodiment, the actual arrival time of the initial valid signal data can be determined based on the signal peak value in the initial valid signal data, and the difference between the preset arrival time and the actual arrival time can be calculated as the initial time offset. Based on the correlation between the preset frequency offset and the time offset, and the scan duration corresponding to the scan cycle, the amount of time offset that will drift after a single scan cycle under the initial frequency offset can be calculated, i.e., the time offset variable. The initial time offset is adjusted according to the time offset variable, and the preset frequency point is scanned again according to the adjustment result. The signal in the scan result is subjected to phase or spectrum analysis to determine the change in time offset, and the time offset is iteratively adjusted according to the change in time offset and the above correlation until the time offset adjustment result is reached or the number of iterations reaches the termination condition. The time offset adjustment result that reaches the termination condition is taken as the final time offset.

[0060] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of cell search frequency offset variation provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 2 As shown in the figure, part A illustrates the terminal's scanning status of the 5G NR band signal before cell search. Scanning is performed in 10ms cycles, and a synchronization signal block (SSB) is captured within each 10ms cycle. Part B illustrates the terminal's scanning status of the 5G NR band signal after cell search is completed. Again, scanning is performed in 10ms cycles, and a synchronization signal block is captured within each 10ms cycle. By comparison... Figure 2 Parts A and B in the diagram can determine that the position of the synchronization signal block in the time domain changed before and after the terminal completed the cell search. This is because the clocks of the base station and the terminal are not synchronized, and the terminal takes a relatively long time to perform the cell search. The time offset will continue to accumulate over time, causing the time offset measured after the cell search to drift away.

[0061] In 5G NR, due to the large bandwidth and small subcarrier spacing, a large amount of data needs to be transmitted. For example, in FDD, the SCS (subcarrier spacing) is 120K, and the bandwidth is 400M, so the data volume of one slot is 264 RBs (3168 sampling points). During cell search, multiple SSB cycles are typically superimposed to increase signal strength. Therefore, the terminal's cell search time is relatively long, causing the time offset measured after the cell search to drift due to frequency offset and time accumulation, resulting in the inability to detect the PBCH subsequently. This time offset drift is caused by the clock asynchrony (i.e., frequency offset) between the base station and the terminal.

[0062] S103: Upon receiving multiple final signal data corresponding to each scanning period obtained by periodically scanning a preset frequency point based on the final time offset, channel analysis is performed on the multiple final signal data to complete air interface synchronization.

[0063] The final signal data can be the signal data corresponding to each scan cycle obtained by rescanning a preset frequency point based on the final time offset. Channel resolution is the operation of parameter analysis and interpretation of the communication channel where the final valid signal data in the final signal data is located. Air interface synchronization, through time offset adjustment and channel resolution, enables the terminal to accurately match the base station's signal transmission time and frequency, ensuring that the data can be correctly received by the terminal.

[0064] In one embodiment, upon receiving multiple final signal data corresponding to each scanning period obtained by periodically scanning a preset frequency point based on the final time offset, channel parsing can be performed on the valid signals among the multiple final signal data to obtain configuration parameters related to the radio frequency processing unit, and the configuration parameters can be adjusted to complete air interface synchronization. The channel data in this scheme is mainly the PBCH (Physical Broadcast Channel), which is the core channel for the base station to send basic system information to the terminal in the 5G NR system. The PBCH mainly carries the MIB (Master Information Block), containing key information such as SFN (System Frame Number), SF (Subframe), slot, cell system bandwidth, and SSB periodic configuration. This information is the core basis for the terminal to complete air interface synchronization and access the base station. For example, the terminal needs to maintain consistency with the base station's time scheduling rhythm through SFN / SF / slot information.

[0065] In one embodiment, channel parsing is performed on multiple final signal data to complete air interface synchronization, including: superimposing multiple final signal data corresponding to multiple scan cycles to obtain final valid signal data; reading channel data from the final valid signal data and performing system frame number decoding, subframe decoding, and time slot decoding on the channel data respectively; and adjusting the configuration parameters of the radio frequency processing unit based on the system frame number decoding result, subframe decoding result, and time slot decoding result to complete air interface synchronization.

[0066] The final valid signal data can be the signal data broadcast by the base station obtained by scanning a preset frequency point after the terminal's time offset has stabilized. Since the final time offset in this scheme is the time offset value where the rate of change of time offset is 0 after multiple scans of the preset frequency point, the signal data corresponding to each scan cycle obtained by the terminal based on the final time offset is signal data that can be synchronized with the base station or has a fixed time offset difference. Compared with the initial valid signal data, the final valid signal data, combined with precise time offset adjustment, has higher signal quality and better synchronization, and can be directly used as input data for channel analysis. System frame number decoding is the operation of identifying and interpreting the system frame number in the final valid signal. The system frame number (SFN) is a unique number used to identify each frame in the communication system. By decoding the system frame number, the terminal can determine which frame of data it is currently receiving, providing a basis for the positioning of subsequent subframes and time slots. Subframe decoding, based on system frame number decoding, is the operation of decoding the signal data within the subdivided units of the system frame. A subframe is the basic unit carrying specific service data (such as voice and video data), and after decoding, the valid information within the subframe can be extracted. Time slot decoding is the operation of decoding signal data within a more subdivided category under a subframe. A time slot is the smallest unit of time allocated for resource allocation in wireless communication. After decoding, control information or service data within each time slot can be accurately obtained, completing the final data extraction. RF processing unit configuration parameters are a set of parameters used to configure the hardware modules responsible for signal transmission, conversion, and amplification within the device. Examples include: RF frequency, signal amplification gain, filter bandwidth, and sampling rate. The configuration of RF processing unit parameters directly affects the signal reception quality of the RF unit and must match the preset frequency and scanning requirements; it is the hardware foundation for completing periodic scanning.

[0067] In one embodiment, multiple final signal data corresponding to multiple scanning cycles can be superimposed according to the number of superposition cycles of the initial valid signal data determined above to obtain the final valid signal data. Channel data in the final valid signal data is read according to the channel data identifier, and system frame number decoding, subframe decoding, and time slot decoding are performed on the channel data respectively. The RF processing unit configuration parameters are adjusted based on the system frame number decoding results, subframe decoding results, and time slot decoding results to complete air interface synchronization.

[0068] This scheme obtains the final valid signal data by superimposing multiple final signal data corresponding to multiple scanning cycles, and then decodes the channel data in the final valid signal data and adjusts the configuration parameters of the radio frequency processing unit to complete the air interface synchronization. This ensures that the final valid signal data can be identified, improves the success rate of channel parsing and air interface synchronization, and helps to improve the stability of wireless communication with the base station, and reduce communication latency and packet loss rate.

[0069] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the hierarchical interaction of terminal air interface synchronization provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 3 The diagram illustrates the interaction process and functional division between the upper protocol layer and the physical layer. The upper protocol layer is responsible for initiating requests for measurement, search, and decoding, and receiving feedback from the lower layer. The physical layer, belonging to the lower hardware protocol layer, is responsible for performing specific physical layer operations such as RF measurement, signal synchronization, and channel decoding. The interaction process includes: the upper protocol layer initiating a received signal strength indication (RSI) measurement request to the physical layer; the physical layer enters a loop, performs the RSI measurement operation, and sends the RSI measurement instruction to the upper protocol layer; the upper protocol layer sends a cell search request to the physical layer; the physical layer performs the cell search operation and sends a cell search instruction to the upper protocol layer; the upper protocol layer sends a physical layer synchronization measurement request to the physical layer; the physical layer enters a loop, performs timing offset and carrier frequency offset measurement operations, and sends a physical layer synchronization measurement instruction to the upper protocol layer; the upper protocol layer sends another cell search request to the physical layer; the physical layer performs the cell search operation and sends a cell search instruction to the upper protocol layer; and the upper protocol layer sends a physical broadcast channel request to the physical layer; the physical layer performs the master information block decoding operation and sends a physical broadcast channel instruction to the upper protocol layer.

[0070] This scheme solves the problem of PBCH (Physical Broadcast Channel) detection failure after cell search. First, the MAC layer of the protocol stack initiates a frequency sweep request message. After the physical layer executes this message, it returns the sweep result. Then, the protocol stack performs cell search on the corresponding frequency points based on the sweep result. After a successful cell search, the frequency offset is converged using the rate of change of time offset, and the convergence result is fed back through the message physical layer. This continues until the rate of change of time offset converges to 0, at which point another cell search begins. After the cell search is completed, PBCH decoding is performed, and finally, the air interface synchronization function is completed.

[0071] The technical solution provided in this application involves acquiring multiple initial signal data corresponding to each scanning cycle obtained by periodically scanning a preset frequency point, superimposing the multiple initial signal data corresponding to multiple scanning cycles to obtain initial valid signal data; determining an initial time offset based on a preset arrival time and the actual arrival time of the initial valid signal data; iteratively adjusting the initial time offset based on the correlation between the preset frequency offset and the time offset and the scanning duration corresponding to the scanning cycle until the termination iteration condition is reached to obtain the final time offset; and upon receiving multiple final signal data corresponding to each scanning cycle obtained by periodically scanning the preset frequency point based on the final time offset, performing channel parsing on the multiple final signal data to complete air interface synchronization. The above-described air interface synchronization method solves the problems of low air interface synchronization efficiency and high synchronization failure rate in the existing technology. By superimposing multiple initial signal data corresponding to multiple scanning cycles, initial valid signal data is obtained, the initial time offset is determined, the initial time offset is iteratively adjusted to obtain the final time offset, and channel analysis is performed on multiple final signal data to complete air interface synchronization. This can improve the acquisition rate of valid signals and the air interface synchronization efficiency. Furthermore, channel analysis is performed after frequency offset correction, which improves the accuracy of the existing signal analysis results and the success rate of air interface synchronization, thus helping to improve the stability of wireless communication between the terminal and the base station.

[0072] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the determination of initial valid signal data provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the specific steps include the following:

[0073] S401, perform clustering processing on multiple initial signal data corresponding to each scan cycle, and determine the number of signal superposition cycles corresponding to each scan cycle based on the clustering processing results.

[0074] Clustering can be a process of classifying multiple initial signal data into valid signal data and noise signal data.

[0075] In one embodiment, clustering algorithms can be used to cluster multiple initial signal data corresponding to each scanning cycle, and the signal energy value of the effective signal data and the noise energy value of the noise data in the clustering results can be calculated. The maximum and minimum noise energy values ​​are identified, and the relationship between the signal energy value and the maximum and minimum noise energy values ​​is compared to determine the number of signal superposition cycles corresponding to the comparison result. The number of signal superposition cycles can include a single cycle, multiple cycles, or zero cycles. For example, if the maximum noise energy Th_low = 12 dBFS and the minimum noise energy Th_high = 36 dBFS, and the signal energy value E_single > Th_high, then a single cycle is sufficient, and superposition is unnecessary; if Th_low ≤ E_single ≤ Th_high, then four cycles are superimposed; if E_single ≤ Th_low, then the frequency band is skipped, and the next frequency point is continued. If the signal energy value is less than the minimum noise energy value, it can be considered that the signal energy value is too small and unsuitable for establishing a connection with the base station corresponding to the preset frequency point. In this case, the preset frequency point can be skipped, and periodic scanning and signal analysis can be performed on the next frequency point.

[0076] In one embodiment, clustering processing is performed on multiple initial signal data corresponding to each scan cycle, including: randomly selecting two initial signal data from the multiple initial signal data corresponding to each scan cycle as candidate cluster center data; calculating the Euclidean distance between each remaining data in the multiple initial signal data corresponding to each scan cycle and each candidate cluster center data; performing initial clustering on the multiple initial signal data corresponding to each scan cycle based on the Euclidean distance; calculating the first average value of the initial noise category data and the second average value of the initial signal category data in the initial clustering result corresponding to each scan cycle, and updating the candidate cluster center data corresponding to each scan cycle based on the first average value and the second average value respectively; iterating the corresponding initial clustering result based on the updated result of the candidate cluster center data corresponding to each scan cycle until the cluster center data no longer changes, and obtaining the final clustering result.

[0077] Candidate cluster center data can be used as a reference value for a certain category of signal in either valid or noise signals. The initial clustering result can be the data classification result obtained by classifying multiple initial signal data based on the candidate cluster center data. The final clustering result can be the data classification result that accurately divides multiple initial signal data into valid signal categories and noise signal categories.

[0078] In one embodiment, two initial signal data points from multiple initial signal data points corresponding to each scan cycle can be randomly selected as candidate cluster center data points. The Euclidean distance between each remaining data point and each candidate cluster center data point in each scan cycle is calculated. The magnitude of the Euclidean distance between each remaining data point and each candidate cluster center data point is compared, and each remaining data point is assigned to the category corresponding to the candidate cluster center data point with the smaller Euclidean distance to obtain the initial clustering result. The initial clustering result includes initial noise category data and initial signal category data. The first average value of the initial noise category data and the second average value of the initial signal category data corresponding to each scan cycle are calculated respectively. The first average value and the second average value are then assigned to new candidate cluster center data points for each category. The Euclidean distance between each remaining data point and the updated candidate cluster center data is calculated again to iterate the initial clustering result until the cluster center data no longer changes, resulting in the final clustering result.

[0079] For example, the candidate cluster center data are M1=Data1(0,2) and M2=Data2(0,0), and the remaining data in multiple initial signal data and their corresponding IQ components are shown in Table 1 below.

[0080] Table 1: Examples of Remaining Data and Corresponding IQ Components

[0081]

[0082] The Euclidean distance between the IQ point of Data3 in the remaining data and the data of each candidate cluster center is calculated using the following formula:

[0083] Distance of Data3:

[0084] ;

[0085] ;

[0086] Based on the Euclidean distance between the IQ points of Data3 and the data of each candidate cluster center, the signal category corresponding to Data2 will be assigned. Similarly, the remaining data will be initially clustered.

[0087] The new cluster centers are calculated using the following formula:

[0088] ;

[0089] ;

[0090] Repeat the iterative cluster center steps described above until the cluster centers no longer change.

[0091] This scheme randomly selects two initial signal data from multiple initial signal data corresponding to each scanning cycle as candidate cluster center data, calculates the Euclidean distance with each candidate cluster center data and iterates the initial clustering result corresponding to the average value of each category data in the initial clustering result, and obtains the final clustering result. This simplifies the clustering steps and improves the efficiency and accuracy of clustering results.

[0092] In one embodiment, determining the number of signal superposition periods corresponding to each scanning period based on the clustering results includes: calculating the noise energy value, the signal energy value, and the absolute value of the energy difference between the noise energy value and the signal energy value based on the final noise category center data and the final signal category center data in the final clustering results; determining whether there is superimposed valid signal data among the multiple initial signal data corresponding to each scanning period based on the absolute value of the energy difference; if there is superimposed valid signal data among the multiple initial signal data corresponding to each scanning period, comparing the magnitude relationship between the signal energy value and the preset noise energy threshold, and determining the number of signal superposition periods corresponding to each scanning period based on the magnitude relationship comparison result.

[0093] The superimposable valid signal data can be any signal data from multiple initial signal data that can be used to establish a connection with the base station. The superimposable valid signal data can be any valid signal data whose absolute energy difference is greater than or equal to a preset energy difference threshold. The preset noise energy threshold can be the center value of the noise energy values ​​corresponding to multiple noise data.

[0094] In one embodiment, noise energy and signal energy values ​​can be calculated based on the IQ components of the final noise category center data and the final signal category center data in the final clustering result, respectively. The absolute value of the energy difference between the noise energy and signal energy values ​​is then calculated. Whether there is superimposed valid signal data among the multiple initial signal data corresponding to each scan cycle is determined based on whether the absolute value of the energy difference is less than a preset absolute value. If superimposed valid signal data exists among the multiple initial signal data corresponding to each scan cycle, the noise energy value corresponding to each noise data is calculated, and the determined noise energy center value is used as a preset noise energy threshold. The difference between the signal energy value and the preset noise energy threshold is calculated, and the number of signal superposition cycles corresponding to each scan cycle is determined based on the number of signal superposition cycles corresponding to the difference. The larger the difference between the signal energy value and the preset noise energy threshold, the easier it is to distinguish between valid signal data and noise signal data, and the fewer signal cycles need to be superimposed.

[0095] This scheme determines whether there is valid signal data that can be superimposed in each scanning cycle by calculating the energy value corresponding to the cluster center and the absolute value of the energy difference. Based on the relationship between the signal energy value and the preset noise energy threshold, the number of signal superposition cycles corresponding to each scanning cycle is determined. This achieves the purpose of filtering available frequency points based on data energy values ​​and determining the number of signal superposition cycles, thereby improving the accuracy of signal superposition results.

[0096] S402, according to the number of signal superposition periods corresponding to each scan cycle, the initial effective signal data is obtained by periodically superimposing multiple initial signal data corresponding to multiple scan cycles.

[0097] In one embodiment, the start and end points of each scan cycle can be aligned according to the number of signal superposition cycles corresponding to each scan cycle, and multiple initial signal data can be superimposed to obtain initial valid signal data.

[0098] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of terminal frequency scanning provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 5 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0099] S501, initiate the scanning process for the preset frequency point to prepare for signal data acquisition.

[0100] S502, acquires and imports the initial signal data obtained during the frequency sweep process.

[0101] S503 randomly selects two data points from the input signal data to serve as the initial cluster centers for the noise class and the effective signal class, respectively.

[0102] S504 calculates the distance to the initial center of the noise class and the initial center of the effective signal class for each signal data point.

[0103] S505 clusters data based on calculated distances.

[0104] S506, based on the newly divided two classes of data, calculate the new average values ​​of the noise class and the effective signal class as the new class centers, and determine whether the new class centers have changed from the previous class centers.

[0105] S5071, if not, then recalculate the average of the two classes.

[0106] S5072, if yes, then the signal detection is considered complete.

[0107] S508, the clustering process converges, the cluster centers no longer change, and the classification of signal data is completed.

[0108] S509, calculate the signal energy difference between the noise class center and the effective signal class center, and determine whether there is an effective signal based on the signal energy difference.

[0109] S510 completes the frequency sweep and signal detection process for this frequency point and proceeds to the next frequency point scan or subsequent cell search process.

[0110] This scheme obtains the energy of a frequency point through frequency sweeping. If the energy is very small, the frequency point is skipped; otherwise, cell search is performed. The overall method for cell search is to combine multiple SSB cycles and then perform a cell search. The purpose of combining is to increase signal gain, because the location of the SSB signal is not initially known. By combining multiple SSB cycles, the signal energy is increased and noise is suppressed. The number of SSB cycles to be combined for cell search is determined based on the energy obtained from the frequency sweep. The noise energy value or signal energy value is calculated using the following formula:

[0111] ;

[0112] Where I and Q are the IQ data components of noise signal data or effective signal data, respectively.

[0113] The absolute value of the energy difference between the noise energy value and the signal energy value is calculated using the following formula:

[0114] ;

[0115] in, This represents the noise energy value. This represents the signal energy value.

[0116] If the absolute value of the signal energy intensity difference is greater than or equal to 12 dBFS, it is determined that there is a valid signal. At the same time, the signal with the larger energy intensity is determined to be a valid signal, and the signal with the smaller energy intensity is determined to be a noise signal.

[0117] The technical solution provided in this application improves the accuracy of signal data superposition and the efficiency of determining effective signals by performing clustering processing on multiple initial signal data corresponding to each scanning cycle to determine the number of signal superposition cycles for each scanning cycle, and performing periodic superposition of multiple initial signal data corresponding to multiple scanning cycles to obtain initial effective signal data.

[0118] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of another air interface synchronization method provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the specific steps include the following:

[0119] S601, acquire multiple initial signal data corresponding to each scanning cycle obtained by periodically scanning a preset frequency point, and superimpose the multiple initial signal data corresponding to multiple scanning cycles to obtain initial valid signal data.

[0120] S602, determine the initial time offset based on the preset arrival time and the actual arrival time of the initial valid signal data, determine the initial crystal oscillator frequency to be adjusted corresponding to the initial time offset based on the correlation between the preset frequency offset and the time offset and the scanning duration corresponding to the scanning cycle, and parse the initial valid signal data update result in the scanning update result when the scan update result based on the initial crystal oscillator frequency to be adjusted is received.

[0121] The initial crystal oscillator frequency to be adjusted can be a frequency variable that needs to be adjusted to synchronize the terminal's clock with the base station. Adjusting the terminal's initial crystal oscillator frequency can reduce the accumulation of time offset between the terminal and the base station, avoiding the problem of continuous time offset drift. The scan update result can be the signal data obtained by periodically scanning the preset frequency point after adjusting the frequency according to the initial crystal oscillator frequency to be adjusted. The initial valid signal data update result can be the valid signal data determined by periodically superimposing the scan update results.

[0122] In one embodiment, the difference between the preset arrival time and the actual arrival time of the initial valid signal data can be calculated as the initial time offset. Based on the correlation between the preset frequency offset and the time offset, and the scan duration corresponding to the scan period, a frequency adjustment value is determined to compensate for the accumulation of the initial time offset by adjusting the initial crystal oscillator frequency. The initial crystal oscillator frequency is then adjusted according to this frequency adjustment value. The preset frequency point is then periodically scanned again according to the initial crystal oscillator frequency adjustment result. Upon receiving the scan update result, the initial valid signal data update result in the scan update result is parsed according to the steps described above for determining the initial valid signal.

[0123] In one embodiment, the relationship between the preset frequency offset and the time offset is expressed by the following formula: ,in, The crystal oscillator frequency needs to be adjusted. For time-biased update results, For the initial time offset, For the scan cycle, and This is an adjustment factor, related to the scan cycle.

[0124] The time offset update result can be the difference between the actual arrival time of the initial valid signal data update result and a preset arrival time. The initial time offset can be the difference between the actual arrival time of the valid signal data determined in the previous cycle scan adjacent to the time offset update result and a preset arrival time. and The adjustment coefficient has a fixed relationship with the scan period. For example, when the scan period is 80ms, , .

[0125] In one embodiment, the time offset change rate of two adjacent rounds of valid signal data can be calculated, and the crystal oscillator frequency to be adjusted for the next round of periodic scanning can be calculated based on a preset correlation formula between frequency offset and time offset, so as to reacquire valid signal data according to the crystal oscillator frequency adjustment result. The two adjacent rounds of valid signal data can be obtained by periodically scanning a preset frequency point according to the results of two adjacent crystal oscillator frequency adjustments.

[0126] This solution, by combining the time offset change rate to set the correlation between frequency offset and time offset, determines the crystal oscillator frequency to be adjusted, which can avoid the time offset drift problem caused by frequency offset accumulation and improve the accuracy and efficiency of time offset adjustment.

[0127] S603 identifies the actual arrival time update result in the initial valid signal data update result, calculates the time offset update result based on the preset arrival time and the actual arrival time update result, and calculates the time offset change rate based on the time offset update result and the initial time offset.

[0128] In one embodiment, the actual arrival time update result can be determined based on the signal peak value in the initial valid signal data update result, and the time offset update result can be obtained by calculating the difference between the preset arrival time and the actual arrival time update result. The time offset change value is obtained by calculating the difference between the time offset update result and the initial time offset, and the time offset change rate is obtained by calculating the ratio of the time offset change value to the scan duration corresponding to the scan cycle.

[0129] S604, based on the time offset change rate, iteratively adjusts the initial crystal oscillator frequency to be adjusted, and iteratively scans the preset frequency point according to the scanning period and the iterative adjustment result of the initial crystal oscillator frequency to be adjusted, until the time offset change rate is 0 for a preset number of consecutive times, and takes the target time offset update result with a time offset change rate of 0 as the final time offset.

[0130] In one embodiment, the crystal oscillator frequency value to be adjusted in the next scan can be determined based on the time offset change rate and the preset correlation between time offset and frequency offset. The preset frequency point is then iteratively scanned again and the corresponding time offset is calculated according to the adjusted crystal oscillator frequency. The time offset change rate is calculated after each iterative scan until the time offset change rate reaches 0 for a preset number of consecutive scans. A time offset change rate of 0 indicates that the time offset has stabilized and no longer drifts continuously over time. At this point, the terminal and base station are synchronized. Therefore, the target time offset update result with a time offset change rate of 0 can be used as the final time offset. The preset number of scans in this scheme is set to six.

[0131] S605, upon receiving multiple final signal data corresponding to each scanning cycle obtained by periodically scanning a preset frequency point based on the final time offset, performs channel analysis on the multiple final signal data to complete air interface synchronization.

[0132] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating the terminal's re-cell search process provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 7 As shown, the specific steps include the following:

[0133] S701, Enter the time offset measurement and iterative adjustment process.

[0134] S702. Measure the current time offset through cell search.

[0135] S703. Calculate the rate of change of time deviation and determine whether the rate of change is 0. If not, return to S702 to re-perform the time deviation measurement.

[0136] S704 If yes, then determine whether the rate of change of time deviation in 6 consecutive measurements is 0. If no, return to S702 to re-perform the time deviation measurement.

[0137] S705. If yes, then end the synchronous measurement process.

[0138] This scheme locates the SSB signal through cell search and then converges the time offset by adjusting the frequency offset value until the rate of change of the time offset converges to 0, at which point it re-enters cell search. The rate of change of time offset = (time offset change value / original time offset value) × 100%, and the time offset change value = abs(original time offset value - post-time offset value), where abs is the absolute value. Once the rate of change of time offset converges to 0, the current time offset value is set in the RF processing unit. Because the previous measurement converged the frequency offset, the time offset will not drift due to inaccurate frequency offset after cell search, preventing the PBCH from failing to detect. After parsing the PBCH, the obtained SFN / SF / slot information is set in the RF processing unit to complete air interface synchronization.

[0139] The technical solution provided in this application determines the initial crystal oscillator frequency to be adjusted corresponding to the initial time offset, analyzes the initial valid signal data update result in the scan update result, calculates the time offset update result and the time offset change rate, iteratively adjusts the initial crystal oscillator frequency to be adjusted and iteratively scans the preset frequency point to obtain the final time offset, which can achieve the purpose of aligning the time offset between the terminal and the base station and improve the efficiency of time offset iteration.

[0140] Figure 8 This is a structural block diagram of an air interface synchronization device provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 8 As shown, it specifically includes the following:

[0141] The effective signal determination module 801 is used to acquire multiple initial signal data corresponding to each scanning cycle obtained by periodically scanning a preset frequency point, and to superimpose the multiple initial signal data corresponding to multiple scanning cycles to obtain initial effective signal data.

[0142] The time offset iteration module 802 is used to determine the initial time offset based on the preset arrival time and the actual arrival time of the initial valid signal data, and to iteratively adjust the initial time offset based on the correlation between the preset frequency offset and the time offset and the scanning duration corresponding to the scanning cycle until the termination iteration condition is reached to obtain the final time offset.

[0143] The air interface synchronization module 803 is used to perform channel analysis on multiple final signal data corresponding to each scanning period obtained by periodically scanning a preset frequency point based on the final time offset, and complete air interface synchronization.

[0144] Furthermore, the valid signal determination module 801 is specifically used for:

[0145] Clustering is performed on multiple initial signal data corresponding to each scan cycle, and the number of signal superposition cycles corresponding to each scan cycle is determined based on the clustering results.

[0146] The initial valid signal data is obtained by periodically superimposing multiple initial signal data corresponding to multiple scan cycles according to the number of signal superposition cycles corresponding to each scan cycle.

[0147] Furthermore, the valid signal determination module 801 is specifically used for:

[0148] Two initial signal data points are randomly selected from the multiple initial signal data points corresponding to each scanning cycle as candidate cluster center data points. The Euclidean distance between each remaining data point and each candidate cluster center data point is calculated. Initial clustering is performed on the multiple initial signal data points corresponding to each scanning cycle based on the Euclidean distance.

[0149] Calculate the first average value of the initial noise category data and the second average value of the initial signal category data in the initial clustering results corresponding to each scan cycle, and update the candidate cluster center data corresponding to each scan cycle based on the first average value and the second average value respectively;

[0150] The initial clustering result is iterated based on the candidate cluster center data update result for each scanning cycle until the cluster center data no longer changes, thus obtaining the final clustering result.

[0151] Furthermore, the valid signal determination module 801 is specifically used for:

[0152] Based on the final noise category center data and the final signal category center data in the final clustering results, calculate the noise energy value, the signal energy value, and the absolute value of the energy difference between the noise energy value and the signal energy value. Then, based on the absolute value of the energy difference, determine whether there is any superimposed valid signal data among the multiple initial signal data corresponding to each scan cycle.

[0153] If there are valid signal data that can be superimposed among the multiple initial signal data corresponding to each scan cycle, compare the magnitude relationship between the signal energy value and the preset noise energy threshold, and determine the number of signal superposition cycles corresponding to each scan cycle based on the comparison result.

[0154] Furthermore, the iteration conditions include setting the time-biased rate of change to zero for a preset number of consecutive iterations;

[0155] The time-biased iteration module 802 is specifically used for:

[0156] Based on the correlation between the preset frequency offset and the time offset, and the scanning duration corresponding to the scanning cycle, the initial crystal oscillator frequency to be adjusted corresponding to the initial time offset is determined. Upon receiving the scanning update result of the preset frequency point based on the initial crystal oscillator frequency to be adjusted, the initial valid signal data update result in the scanning update result is parsed.

[0157] Identify the actual arrival time update result in the initial valid signal data update result, calculate the time offset update result based on the preset arrival time and the actual arrival time update result, and calculate the time offset change rate based on the time offset update result and the initial time offset;

[0158] The initial crystal oscillator frequency to be adjusted is iteratively adjusted based on the time offset change rate. The preset frequency point is iteratively scanned according to the scanning period and the iterative adjustment result of the initial crystal oscillator frequency to be adjusted until the time offset change rate is 0 for a preset number of consecutive times. The target time offset update result with a time offset change rate of 0 is taken as the final time offset.

[0159] Furthermore, the relationship between the preset frequency offset and time offset is expressed by the following formula:

[0160] ;

[0161] in, The crystal oscillator frequency needs to be adjusted. For time-biased update results, For the initial time offset, For the scan cycle, and This is an adjustment factor, related to the scan cycle.

[0162] Furthermore, the air interface synchronization module 803 is specifically used for:

[0163] The final signal data corresponding to multiple scan cycles are superimposed to obtain the final effective signal data.

[0164] Read the channel data from the final valid signal data, and perform system frame number decoding, subframe decoding, and time slot decoding on the channel data respectively;

[0165] The configuration parameters of the radio frequency processing unit are adjusted based on the system frame number decoding result, subframe decoding result, and time slot decoding result to complete the air interface synchronization.

[0166] The technical solution provided in this application includes an effective signal determination module, which is used to acquire multiple initial signal data corresponding to each scanning cycle obtained by periodically scanning a preset frequency point, and to superimpose the multiple initial signal data corresponding to multiple scanning cycles to obtain initial effective signal data; a time offset iteration module, which is used to determine the initial time offset based on the preset arrival time and the actual arrival time of the initial effective signal data, and to iteratively adjust the initial time offset based on the correlation between the preset frequency offset and the time offset and the scanning duration corresponding to the scanning cycle until the termination iteration condition is reached to obtain the final time offset; and an air interface synchronization module, which is used to perform channel parsing on the multiple final signal data corresponding to each scanning cycle obtained by periodically scanning a preset frequency point based on the final time offset, and to complete air interface synchronization. The aforementioned air interface synchronization device solves the problems of low air interface synchronization efficiency and high synchronization failure rate in the prior art. By superimposing multiple initial signal data corresponding to multiple scanning cycles, initial valid signal data is obtained, the initial time offset is determined, the initial time offset is iteratively adjusted to obtain the final time offset, and channel analysis is performed on multiple final signal data to complete air interface synchronization. This can improve the acquisition rate of valid signals and the air interface synchronization efficiency. Furthermore, channel analysis is performed after frequency offset correction, which improves the accuracy of the existing signal analysis results and the success rate of air interface synchronization, thus helping to improve the stability of wireless communication between the terminal and the base station.

[0167] An air interface synchronization device in this application embodiment can be configured in a device, or in a component, integrated circuit, or chip in a terminal. The device can be a mobile electronic device or a non-mobile electronic device. For example, mobile electronic devices can be mobile phones, tablets, laptops, PDAs, in-vehicle electronic devices, wearable devices, ultra-mobile personal computers (UMPCs), netbooks, or personal digital assistants (PDAs), etc., while non-mobile electronic devices can be servers, network-attached storage (NAS), personal computers (PCs), televisions (TVs), ATMs, or self-service machines, etc. This application embodiment does not impose specific limitations.

[0168] An air interface synchronization device in this application embodiment can be an operating system. This operating system can be Android, iOS, or other possible operating systems; this application embodiment does not specifically limit the specific operating system used.

[0169] The air interface synchronization device provided in this application embodiment can realize the various processes implemented in the above method embodiments. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0170] like Figure 9 As shown, this application embodiment also provides an electronic device 900, including a processor 901, a memory 902, and a program or instructions stored in the memory 902 and executable on the processor 901. When the program or instructions are executed by the processor 901, they implement the various processes of the above-described air interface synchronization method embodiment and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, they will not be described again here.

[0171] It should be noted that the electronic devices in the embodiments of this application include the mobile electronic devices and non-mobile electronic devices described above.

[0172] This application also provides a readable storage medium storing a program or instructions. When the program or instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the various processes of the above-described air interface synchronization method embodiment and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, they will not be described again here.

[0173] The processor is the processor in the electronic device described in the above embodiments. The readable storage medium includes computer-readable storage media, such as computer read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0174] This application also provides a program product including program code. When the program product is run on a computer device, the program code causes the computer device to perform the steps of the methods described above according to various exemplary embodiments of this application. For example, the computer device can execute an air interface synchronization method described in the embodiments of this application. The program product can be implemented using any combination of one or more readable media.

[0175] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0176] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a computer software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and includes several instructions to cause a terminal (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0177] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

[0178] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment and the technical principles employed in this application. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions that can be made by those skilled in the art will not depart from the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, although this application has been described in detail through the above embodiments, this application is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of this application, the scope of which is determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An air interface synchronization method, characterized in that, The method includes: Acquire multiple initial signal data corresponding to each scanning cycle obtained by periodically scanning a preset frequency point, and superimpose the multiple initial signal data corresponding to multiple scanning cycles to obtain initial valid signal data; The initial time offset is determined based on the preset arrival time and the actual arrival time of the initial valid signal data. The initial time offset is iteratively adjusted based on the correlation between the preset frequency offset and the time offset and the scan duration corresponding to the scan cycle until the termination condition is reached, and the final time offset is obtained. Upon receiving multiple final signal data corresponding to each scanning cycle obtained by periodically scanning the preset frequency point based on the final time offset, channel parsing is performed on the multiple final signal data to complete air interface synchronization.

2. The air interface synchronization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of superimposing multiple initial signal data corresponding to the multiple scan cycles to obtain initial valid signal data includes: Clustering is performed on multiple initial signal data corresponding to each scan cycle, and the number of signal superposition cycles corresponding to each scan cycle is determined based on the clustering results. Initial valid signal data is obtained by periodically superimposing multiple initial signal data corresponding to multiple scan cycles according to the number of signal superposition cycles corresponding to each scan cycle.

3. The air interface synchronization method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The clustering process for the multiple initial signal data corresponding to each scan cycle includes: Two initial signal data points are randomly selected from the multiple initial signal data points corresponding to each scanning cycle as candidate cluster center data points. The Euclidean distance between each remaining data point in the multiple initial signal data points corresponding to each scanning cycle and each candidate cluster center data point is calculated. Initial clustering is performed on the multiple initial signal data points corresponding to each scanning cycle based on the Euclidean distance. Calculate the first average value of the initial noise category data and the second average value of the initial signal category data in the initial clustering results corresponding to each scan cycle, and update the candidate cluster center data corresponding to each scan cycle based on the first average value and the second average value, respectively; The initial clustering result is iterated based on the candidate cluster center data update result corresponding to each scanning cycle until the cluster center data no longer changes, and the final clustering result is obtained.

4. The air interface synchronization method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Determining the number of signal superposition periods corresponding to each scanning period based on the clustering processing results includes: Based on the final noise category center data and the final signal category center data in the final clustering results, calculate the noise energy value, the signal energy value, and the absolute value of the energy difference between the noise energy value and the signal energy value, and determine whether there is any superimposed valid signal data among the multiple initial signal data corresponding to each scanning cycle based on the absolute value of the energy difference; If there are valid signal data that can be superimposed among the multiple initial signal data corresponding to each scan cycle, the relationship between the signal energy value and the preset noise energy threshold is compared, and the number of signal superposition cycles corresponding to each scan cycle is determined based on the comparison result.

5. The air interface synchronization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The iteration condition includes that the time deviation rate of change is continuously preset to 0 times; The step of iteratively adjusting the initial time offset based on the preset correlation between frequency offset and time offset and the scan duration corresponding to the scan cycle until the termination condition is met to obtain the final time offset includes: Based on the correlation between the preset frequency offset and the time offset, and the scan duration corresponding to the scan cycle, the initial crystal oscillator frequency to be adjusted corresponding to the initial time offset is determined. Upon receiving the scan update result of the preset frequency point based on the initial crystal oscillator frequency to be adjusted, the initial valid signal data update result in the scan update result is parsed. Identify the actual arrival time update result in the initial valid signal data update result, calculate the time offset update result based on the preset arrival time and the actual arrival time update result, and calculate the time offset change rate based on the time offset update result and the initial time offset; The initial crystal oscillator frequency to be adjusted is iteratively adjusted based on the time offset change rate, and the preset frequency point is iteratively scanned according to the scanning period and the iterative adjustment result of the initial crystal oscillator frequency to be adjusted, until the time offset change rate is 0 for a preset number of consecutive times, and the target time offset update result with the time offset change rate of 0 is taken as the final time offset.

6. The air interface synchronization method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The correlation between the preset frequency offset and the time offset is expressed by the following formula: ； in, The crystal oscillator frequency needs to be adjusted. For time-biased update results, For the initial time offset, For the scan cycle, and The adjustment coefficient is associated with the scan period.

7. The air interface synchronization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of performing channel analysis on the multiple final signal data to complete air interface synchronization includes: The final signal data corresponding to the multiple scanning cycles are superimposed to obtain the final valid signal data; Read the channel data from the final valid signal data, and perform system frame number decoding, subframe decoding, and time slot decoding on the channel data respectively; The configuration parameters of the radio frequency processing unit are adjusted based on the system frame number decoding result, subframe decoding result, and time slot decoding result to complete the air interface synchronization.

8. An air interface synchronization device, characterized in that, The device includes: The effective signal determination module is used to acquire multiple initial signal data corresponding to each scanning cycle obtained by periodically scanning a preset frequency point, and to superimpose the multiple initial signal data corresponding to multiple scanning cycles to obtain initial effective signal data. The time offset iteration module is used to determine the initial time offset based on the preset arrival time and the actual arrival time of the initial valid signal data, and to iteratively adjust the initial time offset based on the correlation between the preset frequency offset and the time offset and the scanning duration corresponding to the scanning cycle until the termination iteration condition is reached to obtain the final time offset. The air interface synchronization module is used to perform channel parsing on the multiple final signal data corresponding to each scanning period obtained by periodically scanning the preset frequency point based on the final time offset, and to complete the air interface synchronization.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a processor, a memory, and a program or instructions stored in the memory and running on the processor, wherein the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implement the steps of the air interface synchronization method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A readable storage medium, characterized in that, The readable storage medium stores a program or instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the air interface synchronization method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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