Method and apparatus for receiving multiple ra a-MPDU in wireless LAN system

Abstract

A method and an apparatus for receiving a multi-RA A-MPDU in a wireless LAN system are presented. In particular, a first receiving STA and a second receiving STA receive a PPDU from a transmitting STA. The first receiving STA and the second receiving STA decode the PPDU. The PPDU includes a signal field and a first A-MPDU. The signal field includes a first RU allocation subfield. The first RU allocation subfield includes information on the number of RAs configured in the first A-MPDU and the size of the RU or MRU to which the first A-MPDU is allocated. The RA configured in the first A-MPDU includes a first RA for the first receiving STA and a second RA for the second receiving STA.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This specification relates to techniques for receiving multiple RA A-MPDUs in a wireless LAN system, and more specifically, to methods and apparatus for configuring multiple RA A-MPDUs that can be transmitted from one A-MPDU to two or more STAs to address low-latency services. Background Technology

[0002] Wireless local area networks (WLANs) have been improved in various ways. For example, the IEEE 802.11ax standard proposes an improved communication environment using orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) and downlink multiple user multiple input multiple output (DLMU MIMO) technologies.

[0003] This specification proposes technical features that can be utilized in new communication standards. For example, a new communication standard could be the currently discussed Extremely High Throughput (EHT) standard. The EHT standard could utilize newly proposed increased bandwidth, enhanced PHY layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) structures, enhanced sequencing, Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) schemes, etc. The EHT standard could be referred to as the IEEE 802.11be standard.

[0004] New wireless LAN standards may use an increased number of spatial streams. In this case, to properly utilize the increased number of spatial streams, it may be necessary to improve the signaling technology in the WLAN system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Technical issues

[0006] This specification provides a method and apparatus for receiving multiple RA A-MPDUs in a wireless LAN system.

[0007] Technical solution

[0008] The examples in this specification present a method for receiving multi-RA A-MPDUs.

[0009] This implementation can be performed in network environments that support next-generation wireless LAN systems (Ultra-Reliable (UHR) wireless LAN systems or next-generation Wi-Fi). Next-generation wireless LAN systems are improved versions of the 802.11be system and meet backward compatibility requirements with the 802.11be system.

[0010] This implementation is performed at the receiving STA, and the receiving STA can correspond to at least one station (STA). The sending STA can correspond to an access point (AP).

[0011] This embodiment proposes a method for configuring a multi-RA A-MPDU, which can be transmitted to two or more STAs using a single A-MPDU to address low-latency services. Specifically, this embodiment proposes a method for configuring the number of RAs that can be included in the multi-RA A-MPDU and the size of the RU to which the multi-RA A-MPDU is allocated, based on the RU allocation subfield of the signal field.

[0012] The first receiving station (STA) and the second receiving STA receive Physical Layer Protocol Data Units (PPDUs) from the transmitting STA.

[0013] The first receiving STA and the second receiving STA decode the PPDU.

[0014] The PPDU includes a signal field and a first aggregation-MAC protocol data unit (A-MPDU).

[0015] The signal field includes a first resource unit (RU) allocation subfield. The first RU allocation subfield includes information about the number of receiver addresses (RAs) set in the first A-MPDU and the size of the RU or multiple resource unit (MRU) to which the first A-MPDU is allocated.

[0016] The RA set in the first A-MPDU includes a first RA for the first receiving STA and a second RA for the second receiving STA.

[0017] PPDU may also include a second A-MPDU.

[0018] The signal field may also include a second RU allocation subfield. The second RU allocation subfield may include information about the size of the RU or MRU to which the second A-MPDU is allocated.

[0019] The RA set in the second A-MPDU can include only the third RA for the third receiving STA.

[0020] Here, the first A-MPDU can correspond to a multi-RA A-MPDU that has two (or more) RAs and can be sent to two (or more) STAs. The second A-MPDU can correspond to a regular A-MPDU that has only one RA and can be initiated to only one STA. That is, the first A-MPDU can be sent to the first receiving STA and the second receiving STA, and the second A-MPDU can be sent to the third receiving STA.

[0021] In other words, this embodiment proposes a method for configuring a multi-RA A-MPDU, which can send an A-MPDU to two or more STAs by including two or more RAs in an A-MPDU, so as to send low-latency services faster.

[0022] Beneficial effects

[0023] According to the implementation method proposed in this specification, by defining the neglect value of the newly defined RU allocation subfield, the number of RAs set in the multi-RA A-MPDU and the size of the allocated RU or MRU can be known, enabling the AP to effectively preemptively send (prioritize) low-latency services. This has the effect of more efficiently reducing latency by utilizing the A-MPDU to support differentiated transmission of STAs with different QoS, which is an important transmission technology of Wi-Fi. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 Examples of transmitting and / or receiving devices are shown in this specification.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a conceptual diagram illustrating the structure of a wireless local area network (WLAN).

[0026] Figure 3 The diagram illustrates the typical link establishment process.

[0027] Figure 4 An example of multi-link (ML) is shown.

[0028] Figure 5 Examples of Physical Protocol Data Units or Physical Layer (PHY) Protocol Data Units (PPDUs) transmitted / received by the STA of this disclosure are shown.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating the layout of a resource unit (RU) for a 20 MHz PPDU.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating the layout of a resource unit (RU) for a 40 MHz PPDU.

[0031] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating the layout of a resource unit (RU) for an 80 MHz PPDU.

[0032] Figure 9 The operation related to UL-MU is shown.

[0033] Figure 10 The illustration shows an example of a channel used / supported / defined within the 2.4 GHz band.

[0034] Figure 11 The illustration shows an example of a channel used / supported / defined within the 5 GHz band.

[0035] Figure 12 The illustration shows an example of a channel used / supported / defined within the 6 GHz band.

[0036] Figure 13 An example of a MAC frame header is shown.

[0037] Figure 14 An example of a modification to the transmitting and / or receiving apparatus described herein is illustrated.

[0038] Figure 15 An example of the A-MPDU format is shown in the diagram.

[0039] Figure 16 An example of an A-MPDU transmission method in a downlink environment is illustrated.

[0040] Figure 17 An example of a multi-RA A-MPDU transmission method in a downlink environment is illustrated.

[0041] Figure 19 The illustration shows an example of the RU allocation subfield defined in an 802.11be WLAN system.

[0042] Figure 20 The illustration shows an example of the RU allocation subfield defined in an 802.11be WLAN system.

[0043] Figure 21 The illustration shows an example of the RU allocation subfield defined in an 802.11be WLAN system.

[0044] Figure 22 The illustration shows an example of the RU allocation subfield defined in an 802.11be WLAN system.

[0045] Figure 23 The illustration shows an example of the RU allocation subfield defined in an 802.11be WLAN system.

[0046] Figure 24 The illustration shows an example of the RU allocation subfield defined in an 802.11be WLAN system.

[0047] Figure 25 The illustration shows an example of the RU allocation subfield defined in an 802.11be WLAN system.

[0048] Figure 26 The illustration shows an example of the RU allocation subfield defined in an 802.11be WLAN system.

[0049] Figure 27 The illustration shows an example of the RU allocation subfield defined in an 802.11be WLAN system.

[0050] Figure 28 An example tone scheme for an RU with an allocation for transmission of multiple RA A-MPDUs in an 80 MHz bandwidth is illustrated.

[0051] Figure 29 The illustration shows an example of the arrangement of A-MPDU subframes within a multi-RA A-MPDU.

[0052] Figure 30 The illustration shows an example of the arrangement of A-MPDU subframes within a multi-RA A-MPDU to reduce frame decoding time.

[0053] Figure 31 The illustration shows an example of receiving a block ACK via the transmission of a block ACK request frame.

[0054] Figure 32 This is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the transmitting device according to this embodiment.

[0055] Figure 33 This is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the receiving device according to this embodiment.

[0056] Figure 34 This is a flowchart illustrating the process for transmitting multiple RA A-MPDUs according to this embodiment.

[0057] Figure 35 This is a flowchart illustrating the process for receiving a multi-RA A-MPDU according to this embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0058] In this disclosure, "A or B" can mean "A only", "B only", or "both A and B". In other words, in this disclosure, "A or B" can be interpreted as "A and / or B". For example, in this disclosure, "A, B or C" can mean "A only", "B only", "C only", or "any combination of A, B, and C".

[0059] The forward slash ( / ) or comma used in this disclosure can represent "and / or". For example, "A / B" can mean "A and / or B". Therefore, "A / B" can mean "A only", "B only", or "both A and B". For example, "A, B, C" can mean "A, B, or C".

[0060] In this disclosure, "at least one of A and B" can mean "only A", "only B" or "both A and B". Additionally, in this disclosure, the expression "at least one of A or B" or "at least one of A and / or B" can be interpreted as "at least one of A and B".

[0061] The brackets used in this disclosure may indicate "for example". Specifically, when indicated as "control information (UHR-signal field)", it may indicate that the "UHR-signal field" is cited as an example of "control information". In other words, the "control information" of this disclosure is not limited to the "UHR-signal field", and the "UHR-signal field" may also be cited as an example of "control information". Furthermore, when indicated as "control information (i.e., UHR-signal field)", it may also indicate that the "UHR-signal field" is cited as an example of "control information".

[0062] Furthermore, as used in this disclosure, "a" can mean "at least one" or "one or more". Additionally, terms ending in "(s)" can mean "at least one" or "one or more".

[0063] Furthermore, as used in this disclosure, the expressions “based on”, “on the basis of”, or “according to” mean “at least partially based on”, and not “based on only”.

[0064] The technical features described individually in one of the accompanying drawings of this disclosure may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0065] The following examples of this disclosure can be applied to various wireless communication systems. For example, the following examples of this disclosure can be applied to wireless local area network (WLAN) systems. For example, this disclosure can be applied to the IEEE 802.11 a / g / n / ac / ax / be / bn standards. Furthermore, the examples of this disclosure can also be applied to next-generation wireless LAN standards such as enhanced Ultra-High Reliability (UHR) standards or IEEE 802.11 bn. Furthermore, the examples of this disclosure can also be applied to new WLAN standards enhanced from EHT standards or IEEE 802.11 be standards. Furthermore, the examples of this disclosure can be applied to mobile communication systems. For example, it can be applied to mobile communication systems based on Long Term Evolution (LTE), which relies on 3GPP standards and is based on LTE evolution. Furthermore, the examples of this disclosure can be applied to communication systems based on the 5G NR standard of 3GPP standards.

[0066] In the following text, for the purpose of describing the technical features of this disclosure, technical features applicable to this disclosure will be described.

[0067] Figure 1 Examples of transmitting and / or receiving devices of this disclosure are shown.

[0068] exist Figure 1 In the example, the various technical features described below can be implemented. Figure 1 At least one station (STA) is involved. For example, STA 110 and 120 of this disclosure may also be referred to by various terms such as mobile terminal, wireless device, wireless transceiver unit (WTRU), user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile subscriber unit, or simply user. STA 110 and 120 of this disclosure may also be referred to by various terms such as network, base station, Node B, access point (AP), repeater, router, relay, etc. STA 110 and 120 of this disclosure may also be referred to by various names such as receiving device, transmitting device, receiving STA, transmitting STA, receiving device, transmitting device, etc.

[0069] For example, STA 110 and 120 can be used as AP or non-AP. That is, STA 110 and 120 of this disclosure can be used as AP and / or non-AP. In this disclosure, AP can be indicated as AP STA.

[0070] In addition to the IEEE 802.11 standard, the STAs 110 and 120 of this disclosure can together support various communication standards. For example, they can support communication standards based on 3GPP standards (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, 5G NR standards). Furthermore, the STAs of this disclosure can be implemented in various devices such as mobile phones, vehicles, and personal computers. Additionally, the STAs of this disclosure can support communication for various communication services such as voice calls, video calls, data communication, and autonomous driving.

[0071] The STA 110 and 120 disclosed herein may include media access control (MAC) conforming to the IEEE 802.11 standard and a physical layer interface for radio media.

[0072] The following will refer to Figure 1 The subgraph (a) is used to describe STA 110 and 120.

[0073] The first STA 110 may include a processor 111, a memory 112, and a transceiver 113. The illustrated processor, memory, and transceiver may be implemented as separate chips, or at least two blocks / functions may be implemented as a single chip.

[0074] The transceiver 113 of the first STA performs signal transmission / reception operations. Specifically, it can transmit / receive IEEE 802.11 packets (e.g., IEEE 802.11a / b / g / n / ac / ax / be, etc.).

[0075] For example, the first STA 110 can perform the operations expected by the AP. For example, the AP's processor 111 can receive signals via transceiver 113, process receive (RX) signals, generate transmit (TX) signals, and provide control over signal transmission. The AP's memory 112 can store signals received via transceiver 113 (e.g., RX signals) and can store signals to be transmitted via transceiver 113 (e.g., TX signals).

[0076] For example, the second STA 120 can perform operations not expected of an AP STA. For example, a non-AP transceiver 123 performs signal transmission / reception operations. Specifically, it can transmit / receive IEEE 802.11 packets (e.g., IEEE 802.11a / b / g / n / ac / ax / be packets, etc.).

[0077] For example, a non-AP STA processor 121 can receive signals via transceiver 123, process RX signals, generate TX signals, and provide control over signal transmission. A non-AP STA memory 122 can store signals received via transceiver 123 (e.g., RX signals) and can store signals to be transmitted via transceiver 123 (e.g., TX signals).

[0078] For example, the operation of a device designated as an AP in the disclosure described below can be performed in either the first STA 110 or the second STA 120. For instance, if the first STA 110 is an AP, the operation of the device designated as an AP can be controlled by the processor 111 of the first STA 110, and related signals can be transmitted or received via a transceiver 113 controlled by the processor 111 of the first STA 110. Additionally, control information related to the operation of the AP or the AP's TX / RX signals can be stored in the memory 112 of the first STA 110. Similarly, if the second STA 120 is an AP, the operation of the device designated as an AP can be controlled by the processor 121 of the second STA 120, and related signals can be transmitted or received via a transceiver 123 controlled by the processor 121 of the second STA 120. Furthermore, control information related to the operation of the AP or the AP's TX / RX signals can be stored in the memory 122 of the second STA 120.

[0079] For example, in the disclosure described below, the operation of a device indicated as a non-AP (or user STA) can be performed in either the first STA 110 or the second STA 120. For instance, if the second STA 120 is a non-AP, the operation of the device indicated as a non-AP can be controlled by the processor 121 of the second STA 120, and related signals can be transmitted or received via a transceiver 123 controlled by the processor 121 of the second STA 120. Additionally, control information related to the operation of a non-AP or non-AP TX / RX signals can be stored in the memory 122 of the second STA 120. Similarly, if the first STA 110 is a non-AP, the operation of the device indicated as a non-AP can be controlled by the processor 111 of the first STA 110, and related signals can be transmitted or received via a transceiver 113 controlled by the processor 111 of the first STA 110. Additionally, control information related to the operation of a non-AP or non-AP TX / RX signals can be stored in the memory 112 of the first STA 110.

[0080] In the disclosure described below, devices referred to as (transmitting / receiving) STA, first STA, second STA, STA1, STA2, AP, first AP, second AP, AP1, AP2, (transmitting / receiving) terminal, (transmitting / receiving) device, (transmitting / receiving apparatus), network, etc., may implicitly refer to Figure 1 STAs 110 and 120. For example, devices indicated as (but without specific labels) (transmitting / receiving) STA, First STA, Second STA, STA1, STA2, AP, First AP, Second AP, AP1, AP2, (transmitting / receiving) terminal, (transmitting / receiving) device, (transmitting / receiving) device, network, etc., can be implied. Figure 1 STAs 110 and 120. For example, in the following example, the operation of various STA transmit / receive signals (e.g., PPDU) can be... Figure 1 The operation is performed in transceivers 113 and 123. Additionally, in the following examples, various STAs can generate TX / RX signals or perform data processing and calculations on TX / RX signals in advance. Figure 1The operations are executed in processors 111 and 121. Examples of operations for generating TX / RX signals or performing prior data processing and calculations may include: 1) operations to determine / obtain / configure / calculate / decode / encode bit information of subfields (SIG, STF, LTF, data) included in the PPDU; 2) operations to determine / configure / obtain time resources or frequency resources (e.g., subcarrier resources) for the subfields (SIG, STF, LTF, data) included in the PPDU; 3) operations to determine / configure / obtain specific sequences (e.g., pilot sequences, STF / LTF sequences, additional sequences applied to SIG) for the subfields (SIG, STF, LTF, data) included in the PPDU; 4) power control operations and / or power-saving operations applied to the STA; and 5) operations related to the determination / obtaining / configuration / decoding / encoding of the ACK signal. Additionally, in the following examples, various information (e.g., information related to fields / subfields / control fields / parameters / power, etc.) used by various STAs to determine / obtain / configure / calculate / decode / decode the TX / RX signal may be stored in the STA's memory. Figure 1 In memory 112 and 122.

[0081] Figure 1 The aforementioned device / STA in subgraph (a) can be as follows Figure 1 The subgraph (b) is modified as shown below. In the following text, the modifications will be based on... Figure 1 The subgraph (b) is used to describe STA 110 and STA 120 of this disclosure.

[0082] For example, Figure 1 The transceivers 113 and 123 shown in subgraph (b) can perform operations with Figure 1 The transceiver shown in sub-diagram (a) has the same function as the aforementioned transceiver. For example, Figure 1 The processing chips 114 and 124 shown in sub-figure (b) may include processors 111 and 121 and memories 112 and 122. Figure 1 The processors 111 and 121 and the memories 112 and 122 shown in sub-figure (b) can perform operations related to Figure 1 The processors 111 and 121 and the memories 112 and 122 shown in sub-figure (a) have the same functions.

[0083] The mobile terminal, wireless device, wireless transceiver unit (WTRU), user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile subscriber unit, user, user STA, network, base station, node B, access point (AP), repeater, router, relay, receiving unit, transmitting unit, receiving STA, transmitting STA, receiving device, transmitting device, receiving device and / or transmitting device described below may meanFigure 1 The STA 110 and 120 shown in subgraphs (a) / (b) may mean, or Figure 1 The processing chips 114 and 124 are shown in sub-figure (b). That is, the technical features of this disclosure can be... Figure 1 It can be performed in STA 110 and 120 as shown in subgraphs (a) / (b), or it can be performed only in Figure 1 The processing chips 114 and 124 shown in sub-diagram (b) are executed Figure 1 Transceivers 113 and 123 are shown in sub-diagrams (a) and (b). For example, the technical features of transmitting control signals by a STA can be understood as being achieved through... Figure 1 The transceiver 113 shown in sub-diagrams (a) / (b) transmits in Figure 1 The technical features of the control signals generated in processors 111 and 121 are illustrated in sub-figures (a) and (b). Alternatively, the technical features of the STA transmitting control signals can be understood as follows: Figure 1 The technical features of generating control signals to be transmitted to transceivers 113 and 123 in processing chips 114 and 124 are shown in sub-figure (b).

[0084] For example, the technical characteristics of receiving STA control signals can be understood as through... Figure 1 The technical features of transceivers 113 and 123 receiving control signals are shown in sub-figure (a). Alternatively, the technical features of receiving STA control signals can be understood as being achieved through... Figure 1 Processors 111 and 121 shown in subgraph (a) obtain Figure 1 The technical features of the control signals received in transceivers 113 and 123 shown in sub-figure (a) are illustrated. Alternatively, the technical features of receiving control signals by the STA can be understood as being achieved through... Figure 1 The processing chips 114 and 124 shown in sub-figure (b) obtain Figure 1 Technical features of the control signals received in transceivers 113 and 123 as shown in sub-figure (b).

[0085] refer to Figure 2 Subgraph (b), software codes 115 and 125 can be included in memories 112 and 122. Software codes 115 and 125 can include instructions for controlling the operation of processors 111 and 121. Software codes 115 and 125 can be included in various programming languages.

[0086] Figure 2 The processors 111 and 121 or processing chips 114 and 124 may include application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), other chipsets, logic circuits, and / or data processing devices. The processor may be an application processor (AP). For example,Figure 2 The processors 111 and 121 or processing chips 114 and 124 may include at least one of the following: a digital signal processor (DSP), a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), and a modulator and demodulator (modem). For example, Figure 2 The processors 111 and 121 or the processor chips 114 and 124 may be SNAPDRAGON™ series processors manufactured by Qualcomm®, EXYNOS™ series processors manufactured by Samsung®, A series processors manufactured by Apple®, HELIO™ series processors manufactured by MediaTek®, ATOM™ series processors manufactured by Intel®, or processors enhanced from these processors.

[0087] In this disclosure, an uplink can mean a link used for communication from a non-AP STA to an AP STA, and uplink PPDUs / packets / signals, etc., can be transmitted via the uplink. Similarly, in this disclosure, a downlink can mean a link used for communication from an AP STA to a non-AP STA, and downlink PPDUs / packets / signals, etc., can be transmitted via the downlink.

[0088] Figure 2 This is a conceptual diagram illustrating the structure of a wireless local area network (WLAN).

[0089] Figure 2 The upper part of the diagram illustrates the structure of the Infrastructure Basic Services Set (BSS) of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11.

[0090] Figure 2 The upper part of the diagram illustrates the structure of the Infrastructure Basic Services Set (BSS) of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11.

[0091] refer to Figure 3 The upper part of the wireless LAN system may include one or more infrastructure BSS 200 and 205 (hereinafter referred to as BSS). BSS 200 and 205, as a set of APs and STAs (e.g., access point (AP) 225 and station (STA1) 200-1) that have successfully synchronized to communicate with each other, are not concepts indicating a specific area. BSS 205 may include one or more STAs 205-1 and 205-2 that can join an AP 230.

[0092] BSS may include at least one STA, APs 255 and 230 that provide distributed services, and a distributed system (DS) 210 that connects multiple APs.

[0093] Distributed system 210 can implement an Extended Service Set (ESS) 240 that is expanded by connecting multiple BSSs 200 and 205. ESS 240 can be used as a term to refer to a network configured by connecting one or more APs 225 or 230 via distributed system 210. APs included in an ESS 240 can have the same Service Set Identifier (SSID).

[0094] Portal 220 can be used as a bridge to connect a wireless LAN network (IEEE 802.11) to another network (e.g., 802.X).

[0095] exist Figure 3 The BSS shown at the top allows for networking between APs 225 and 230, as well as between APs 225 and 230 and STAs 200-1, 205-1, and 205-2. However, it also allows for networking between STAs to perform communication even without APs 225 and 230. Networks that enable communication between STAs by configuring networks even without APs 225 and 230 are defined as self-organizing networks or Independent Basic Service Sets (IBSS).

[0096] Figure 3 The lower part of the diagram shows a concept map, illustrating IBSS.

[0097] refer to Figure 4 The lower part of the IBSS is a BSS that operates in a self-organizing mode. Since the IBSS does not include access points (APs), there is no centralized management entity performing management functions at the center. That is, in the IBSS, STAs 250-1, 250-2, 250-3, 255-4, and 255-5 are managed in a distributed manner. In the IBSS, all STAs 250-1, 250-2, 250-3, 255-4, and 255-5 can be composed of mobile STAs, and access to DS to form a self-contained network is not permitted.

[0098] Figure 4 The diagram illustrates the typical link establishment process.

[0099] In S310, the STA can perform network discovery operations. Network discovery operations can include scanning operations by the STA. That is, in order to access a network, the STA needs to discover participating networks. The process of identifying compatible networks before joining a wireless network and identifying networks existing in a specific area is called scanning. Scanning methods include active scanning and passive scanning.

[0100] Figure 4The diagram illustrates the network discovery process in active scanning. In active scanning, the STA performing the scan sends a probe request frame and waits for a response to it, in order to identify which APs are nearby while moving to a new channel. The responder sends a probe response frame to the STA that sent the probe request frame as a response. Here, the responder can be the STA in the BSS of the channel being scanned that sent the last beacon frame. In the BSS, the AP is the responder because it sends the beacon frame. In the IBSS, the responder is not fixed because the STAs in the IBSS take turns sending beacon frames. For example, when an STA sends a probe request frame via channel 1 and receives a probe response frame via channel 1, the STA can store the BSS-related information included in the received probe response frame, move to the next channel (e.g., channel 2), and perform a scan in the same way (e.g., sending a probe request and receiving a probe response via channel 2).

[0101] Although Figure 4 As not shown, scanning can be performed using a passive scanning method. In passive scanning, the STA performing the scan can wait for beacon frames while moving to a channel. Beacon frames are one of the management frames in IEEE 802.11 and are periodically sent to indicate the presence of a wireless network and enable the STA performing the scan to find and join the wireless network. In a BSS, the AP periodically sends beacon frames. In an IBSS, STAs in the IBSS take turns sending beacon frames. Upon receiving a beacon frame, the STA performing the scan stores information about the BSS included in the beacon frame and records the beacon frame information for each channel, while moving to another channel. The STA receiving the beacon frame can store the BSS-related information included in the received beacon frame, can move to the next channel, and can perform a scan on the next channel using the same method.

[0102] After network discovery, the STA can perform authentication processing in S320. This authentication processing can be referred to as the first authentication processing to clearly distinguish it from the subsequent security establishment operation in S340. The authentication processing in S320 may include the STA sending an authentication request frame to the AP and the AP sending an authentication response frame to the STA in response. The authentication frame used for the authentication request / response is a management frame.

[0103] An authentication frame may include information about the authentication algorithm number, authentication transaction sequence number, status code, challenge text, robust security network (RSN), and finite cyclic group.

[0104] The STA can send an authentication request frame to the AP. The AP can determine whether to allow the STA's authentication based on the information included in the received authentication request frame. The AP can then provide the authentication processing result to the STA via an authentication response frame.

[0105] When a STA is successfully authenticated, it can perform association processing in S330. Association processing includes the STA sending an association request frame to the AP, and the AP responding by sending an association response frame to the STA. For example, the association request frame may include information about various capabilities, beacon listening interval, service set identifier (SSID), supported rates, supported channels, RSN, mobile domain, supported operation classes, service indication map (TIM) broadcast request, and interoperability service capabilities. Similarly, the association response frame may include information about various capabilities, status codes, association ID (AID), supported rates, enhanced distributed channel access (EDCA) parameter set, received channel power indicator (RCPI), received signal-to-noise ratio indicator (RSNI), mobile domain, timeout interval (association recovery time), overlapping BSS scan parameters, TIM broadcast response, and QoS map.

[0106] In the S340, the STA can perform security establishment processes. The security establishment processes in the S340 may include the process of establishing a private key via a four-way handshake (e.g., via Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAPOL) frames over the LAN).

[0107] Figure 4 An example of multi-link (ML) is shown.

[0108] like Figure 4 As illustrated, multiple multi-link devices (MLDs) can communicate via a remote link. MLDs can be classified as AP MLDs, which include multiple AP STAs, and non-AP MLDs, which include multiple non-AP STAs. That is, an AP MLD may include affiliated APs (i.e., AP STAs), and a non-AP MLD may include affiliated STAs (i.e., non-AP STAs or user STAs).

[0109] A multi-link system may include a first link and a second link, and different channel / subchannel / frequency resources may be allocated to the first link and the second link. The first and second multi-link systems can be identified by a 4-bit (or other n-bit) link ID. The first and second links can be configured in the same 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, or 6 GHz frequency band. Alternatively, the first and second links can be configured in different frequency bands.

[0110] Figure 4 The AP MLD includes three affiliated APs. Figure 4 In the example, AP1 can operate in the 2.4 GHz band, AP2 can operate in the 5 GHz band, and AP3 can operate in the 6 GHz band. Figure 4In the example, the first link in which AP1 and non-AP1 operate can be defined as a channel / subchannel / frequency resource within the 2.4 GHz band. Furthermore, in Figure 1 In the example, the second link in which AP2 and non-AP2 operate can be defined as a channel / subchannel / frequency resource within the 5 GHz band. Furthermore, in Figure 2 In the example, the third link in which AP3 and non-AP3 operate can be defined as a channel / subchannel / frequency resource within the 6GHz band.

[0111] exist Figure 4 In the example, AP1 can initiate the multi-link establishment process (ML establishment process) by sending an association request frame to a non-AP STA1. Figure 1 In the example, a non-AP STA1 can send an association response frame in response to an association request frame. Figure 2 The individual APs shown (e.g., AP1 / 2 / 3) can be compared with... Figure 4 and / or Figure 5 The APs shown are the same, and Figure 5 The various non-APs shown (e.g., non-AP1 / 2 / 3) can be compared with... Figure 5 and / or Figure 5 The STAs shown are the same (i.e., user STAs or non-AP STAs).

[0112] The specific features of this disclosure are not limited to Figure 5 The specific characteristics are as follows. That is, the number of links can be defined in various ways, and multiple links can be defined in at least one frequency band in various ways.

[0113] Figure 5 Examples of Physical Protocol Data Units or Physical Layer (PHY) Protocol Data Units (PPDUs) transmitted / received by the STA of this disclosure are shown.

[0114] The STA (e.g., AP STA, non-AP STA, AP MLD, non-AP MLD) disclosed herein can send and / or receive. Figure 5 The PPDU described in this disclosure may have, for example... Figure 6 The structure is as follows. Furthermore, the PPDU described in this disclosure may be referred to by various names, such as transmit PPDU, receive PPDU, type 1 or type N PPDU, etc. The PPDU described in this disclosure can be used in WLAN systems defined according to IEEE 802.11bn and / or in next-generation WLAN systems that improve upon IEEE 802.11bn.

[0115] Figure 5 The PPDU can encompass various PPDU types used in UHR systems. For example,Figure 5 Examples can be used for at least one of the following modes related to channel detection: single-user (SU) mode / type / transmission, multi-user (MU) mode / type / transmission, and null packet (NDP) mode / type / transmission. For example, if Figure 5 If the example involves NDP, the data fields shown can be omitted. Figure 5 The PPDU is used in trigger-based (TB) mode and can be omitted. Figure 5 The UHR-SIG. In other words, a STA that has received a trigger frame for uplink-MU (UL-MU) communication can send a signal in... Figure 5 The UHR-SIG PPDU is omitted in the example.

[0116] exist Figure 6 In this context, L-STF or UHR-LTF can be referred to as a preamble or physical preamble, and can be generated / transmitted / received / acquired / decoded at the physical layer (including in the transmit / receive STA).

[0117] Figure 5 The blocks shown in the diagram can be referred to as fields / subfields / signals, etc. These fields / subfields / signals can be named as Traditional Short Training Field (L-STF), Traditional Long Training Field (L-LTF), Traditional Signal (L-SIG), Repeated L-SIG (RL-SIG), Universal Signal (U-SIG), UHR Signal (UHR-SIG), etc. Figure 5 As shown in the diagram.

[0118] Figure 5 The subcarrier spacing of the L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, RL-SIG, U-SIG, and UHR-SIG fields can be determined to be 312.5 kHz, and the subcarrier spacing of the UHR-STF, UHR-LTF, and Data fields can be determined to be 78.125 kHz. That is, the tone index (or subcarrier index) of the L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, RL-SIG, U-SIG, and UHR-SIG fields can be represented in units of 312.5 kHz, and the tone index (or subcarrier index) of the UHR-STF, UHR-LTF, and Data fields can be represented in units of 78.125 kHz.

[0119] exist Figure 6 In the PPDU, the L-LTF and L-STF can be the same as those in the conventional domain (e.g., non-HT LTF and non-HT STF defined in conventional WLAN standards).

[0120] Figure 6The L-SIG field can include, for example, 24 bits of bit information. For instance, the 24 bits could include a 4-bit rate field, a 1-bit reserved bit, a 12-bit length field, a 1-bit parity bit, and a 6-bit tail bit. For example, the 12-bit length field could include information related to the length or duration of the PPDU. For example, the 12-bit length field can be determined based on the type of PPDU. For example, when the PPDU is a Non-High Throughput (HT), High Throughput (HT), Very High Throughput (VHT) PPDU, Extremely High Throughput (EHT) PPDU, or UHR PPDU, the value of the length field can be determined to be a multiple of 3. For example, when the PPDU is an HE PPDU, the length field can be determined to be a multiple of 3 + 1 or a multiple of 3 + 2. In other words, for non-HT, HT, VHT, EHT, or UHR PPDUs, the length field value can be set to a multiple of 3, and for high-efficiency (HE) PPDUs, the length field value can be set to either a multiple of 3 + 1 or a multiple of 3 + 2. In other words, the LENGTH field in a UHR PPDU is set to a value that satisfies the condition that LENGTH divided by 3 leaves a remainder of 0.

[0121] For example, a (non-AP and AP) STA can apply BCC encoding based on a 1 / 2 coding rate to the 24 bits of information in the L-SIG field. The transmitting STA then obtains 48 bits of BCC encoded bits. BPSK modulation can be applied to these 48 encoded bits to generate 48 BPSK symbols. The transmitting STA can map these 48 BPSK symbols to positions other than the pilot subcarriers {subcarrier indices -21, -7, +7, +21} and the DC subcarrier {subcarrier index 0}. As a result, the 48 BPSK symbols can be mapped to subcarrier indices -26 to -22, -20 to -8, -6 to -1, +1 to +6, +8 to +20, and +22 to +26. The transmitting STA can additionally map the signal {-1, -1, -1, 1} to subcarrier indices {-28, -27, +27, +28}. The aforementioned signals can be used for channel estimation in the frequency domain corresponding to {-28, -27, +27, +28}.

[0122] For example, a (non-AP and AP) STA can generate an RL-SIG in the same way as the L-SIG. BPSK modulation can be applied to the RL-SIG. Based on the presence of the RL-SIG, the (non-AP and AP) STA can know that the RX PPDU is an HE PPDU, EHT PPDU, or UHR PPDU. In other words, if the RL-SIG is present, the receiving (non-AP and AP) STA can know that the received PPDU is one of an HE PPDU, EHT PPDU, or UHR PPDU. In other words, if the RL-SIG is not present, the receiving (non-AP and AP) STA can know that the received PPDU is one of a non-HT PPDU, HT PPDU, or VHT PPDU. In other words, the RL-SIG field is a repetition of the L-SIG field and is used to distinguish UHR PPDUs from non-HT PPDUs, HT PPDUs, and VHT PPDUs.

[0123] Universal SIG (U-SIG) can be inserted in Figure 6 Following RL-SIG, U-SIG can be referred to by various terms such as First SIG Field, First SIG, First Type SIG, Control Signal, Control Signal Field, First (Type) Control Signal, Common Control Field, Common Control Field, etc.

[0124] U-SIG can include N bits of information and may include information to identify the type of EHT PPDU. For example, U-SIG can be configured based on two symbols (e.g., two consecutive OFDM symbols). Each symbol used for U-SIG (e.g., an OFDM symbol) can have a duration of 4 μs. Each symbol of U-SIG can be used to transmit 26 bits of information. For example, each symbol of U-SIG can be transmitted / received based on 52 data tones and 4 pilot tones.

[0125] Through U-SIG, for example, A bits of information (e.g., 52 uncoded bits) can be transmitted. The first symbol of U-SIG can transmit the first X bits of the A bits of information (e.g., 26 uncoded bits), and the second symbol of U-SIG can transmit the remaining Y bits of the A bits of information (e.g., 26 uncoded bits). For example, the transmitting STA can obtain the 26 uncoded bits included in each U-SIG symbol. The transmitting STA can perform convolutional coding (i.e., BCC coding) based on a rate of R=1 / 2 to generate 52 coded bits, and can perform interleaving on the 52 coded bits. The transmitting STA can perform BPSK modulation on the interleaved 52 coded bits to generate 52 BPSK symbols to be assigned to each U-SIG symbol. A U-SIG symbol can be transmitted based on 65 tones (subcarriers) from subcarrier index -28 to subcarrier index +28, except for DC index 0. The 52 BPSK symbols generated by the transmitting STA can be transmitted based on the remaining tones (subcarriers) other than the pilot tone, namely tones -21, -7, +7, and +21.

[0126] For example, the A-bit information generated by U-SIG (e.g., 52 uncoded bits) may include a CRC field (e.g., a 4-bit field) and a tail field (e.g., a 6-bit field). The CRC and tail fields can be sent via a second symbol of U-SIG. The CRC field can be generated based on the 26 bits allocated to the first symbol of U-SIG and the remaining 16 bits from the second symbol excluding the CRC / tail field, and can be generated based on a conventional CRC calculation algorithm. Additionally, the tail field can be used to terminate the trellis of the convolutional decoder and can be set to, for example, "000000".

[0127] The A-bit information (e.g., 52 uncoded bits) sent by U-SIG (or the U-SIG field) can be divided into version-independent bits and version-dependent bits. For example, version-independent bits can have a fixed or variable size. For example, version-independent bits can be assigned only to the first symbol of U-SIG, or version-independent bits can be assigned to both the first and second symbols of U-SIG. For example, version-independent bits and version-dependent bits can be referred to using various terms such as first control bit, second control bit, etc.

[0128] For example, the version-independent bits of the U-SIG can include a 3-bit PHY version identifier. For example, the 3-bit PHY version identifier can include information related to the PHY version of the TX / RX PPDU. For example, the first value of the 3-bit PHY version identifier (e.g., a value of 000) can indicate that the TX / RX PPDU is an EHT PPDU. Furthermore, the second value of the 3-bit PHY version identifier (e.g., a value of 001) can indicate that the TX / RX PPDU is a UHR PPDU.

[0129] In other words, when an (AP / non-AP) STA sends an EHT PPDU, the 3-bit PHY version identifier can be set to a first value, and when an (AP / non-AP) STA sends a UHR PPDU, the 3-bit PHY version identifier can be set to a second value. In other words, the receiving (AP / non-AP) STA can determine that the received PPDU is an EHT PPDU based on the PHY version identifier with the first value, and can determine that the received PPDU is a UHR PPDU based on the PHY version identifier with the second value.

[0130] For example, the version-independent bits of U-SIG may include a 1-bit UL / DL flag field. The first value of the 1-bit UL / DL flag field is related to UL communication, and the second value of the UL / DL flag field is related to DL communication.

[0131] For example, the version-independent bits of U-SIG can include information related to the transmission opportunity (TXOP) length and information related to the BSS color ID.

[0132] For example, if the UHR PPDU is classified into various types (e.g., types related to SU transmission (based on UL or DL), types related to DL transmission, types related to NDP transmission, types related to DL non-MU-MIMO, types related to DL MU-MIMO, types related to multi-AP operation, types related to Co-BF beamforming (Co-BF), spatial reuse (SR), types related to Co-OFDMA (C-OFDMA), and types related to Co-TDMA (Co-TDMA), then information about the type of UHR PPDU (e.g., 2-bit or 3-bit information) can be included in the version-related bits of the U-SIG.

[0133] For example, U-SIG may include: 1) a bandwidth field including information related to bandwidth; 2) a field including information related to the modulation and demodulation scheme (MCS) applied to UHR-SIG; 3) an indication field including information related to whether a dual subcarrier modulation (DCM) scheme is applied to UHR-SIG; 4) a field including information related to the number of symbols used for UHR-SIG; 5) a field including information related to whether UHR-SIG is generated across the entire frequency band; 6) a field including information related to the type of UHR-LTF / STF; and 7) information related to fields indicating the length of UHR-LTF and the length of CP.

[0134] Can be Figure 6 The PPDU uses a preamble puncturing. A preamble puncturing means that the puncturing is applied to a portion of the full frequency band (e.g., the secondary 20 MHz band). For example, when transmitting an 80 MHz PPDU, the STA can apply puncturing to the secondary 20 MHz band within the 80 MHz band, and can transmit the PPDU only through the primary 20 MHz band and the secondary 40 MHz band.

[0135] For example, the pattern of the preamble perforation can be pre-configured. For example, when applying the first perforation pattern, perforation can be applied only to the secondary 20 MHz band within the 80 MHz band. For example, when applying the second perforation pattern, perforation can be applied only to any one of the two secondary 20 MHz bands within the secondary 40 MHz band included in the 80 MHz band. For example, when applying the third perforation pattern, perforation can be applied only to the secondary 20 MHz band within the primary 80 MHz band included in the 160 MHz band (or 80+80 MHz band). For example, when applying the fourth perforation pattern, perforation can be applied to at least one 20 MHz channel that does not belong to the primary 40 MHz band, provided that the primary 40 MHz band within the 80 MHz band included in the 160 MHz band (or 80+80 MHz band) is present.

[0136] Information related to the prelead puncture applied to the PPDU can be included in the U-SIG and / or UHR-SIG. For example, the first field of the U-SIG may include information related to continuous bandwidth, and the second field of the U-SIG may include information related to the prelead puncture applied to the PPDU.

[0137] For example, based on the following method, U-SIG and UHR-SIG can include information related to prelead punctures. When the bandwidth of the PPDU exceeds 80 MHz, U-SIG can be configured individually in 80 MHz units. For example, when the bandwidth of the PPDU is 160 MHz, the PPDU can include a first U-SIG for a first 80 MHz band and a second U-SIG for a second 80 MHz band. In this case, the first field of the first U-SIG can include information related to the 160 MHz bandwidth, and the second field of the first U-SIG can include information related to prelead punctures applied to the first 80 MHz band (i.e., information related to the prelead puncture pattern). Additionally, the first field of the second U-SIG can include information related to the 160 MHz bandwidth, and the second field of the second U-SIG can include information related to prelead punctures applied to the second 80 MHz band (i.e., information related to the prelead puncture pattern). Meanwhile, the UHR-SIG consecutive with the first U-SIG may include information related to the prelead via applied to the second 80 MHz band (i.e., information related to the prelead via pattern), and the UHR-SIG consecutive with the second U-SIG may include information related to the prelead via applied to the first 80 MHz band (i.e., information related to the prelead via pattern).

[0138] Additionally or alternatively, U-SIG and UHR-SIG may include information related to the preamble puncture, based on the following method: U-SIG may include information related to the preamble puncture for all frequency bands (i.e., information related to the preamble puncture pattern). That is, UHR-SIG may not include information related to the preamble puncture, while only U-SIG may include information related to the preamble puncture (i.e., information related to the preamble puncture pattern).

[0139] U-SIGs can be configured in 20 MHz units. For example, when an 80 MHz PPDU is configured, U-SIGs can be duplicated. That is, four identical U-SIGs can be included in an 80 MHz PPDU. PPDUs with bandwidths exceeding 80 MHz can include different U-SIGs.

[0140] Figure 6 The UHR-SIG can include control information for receiving STAs. The UHR-SIG can be transmitted using at least one symbol, and a symbol can have a length of 4 μs. Information related to the number of symbols used for the UHR-SIG can be included in the U-SIG.

[0141] UHR-SIG provides additional signals to the U-SIG field to enable the STA to interpret / decode the UHR PPDU. The UHR-SIG field may include U-SIG overflow bits that are typically applied to all users. In addition, the UHR-SIG field includes resource allocation information, allowing the STA to locate resources used in fields including the data field / UHR-STF / UHR-LTF (i.e., the UHR modulation field of the UHR PPDU).

[0142] It can be determined based on the RU (Resource Unit) defined by multiple subcarriers / tones. Figure 6 The diagram illustrates the frequency resources of the UHR-LTF, UHR-STF, and data fields. In other words, the UHR-LTF, UHR-STF, and data fields of this disclosure can be transmitted / received via RUs (Resource Units) defined by multiple subcarriers / tones.

[0143] Figure 7 This diagram illustrates the layout of a resource unit (RU) for a 20 MHz PPDU. Specifically, the UHR-LTF, UHR-STF, and / or data fields included in the 20 MHz PPDU can be accessed via... Figure 6 At least one of the various RUs defined in the code is used to send / receive.

[0144] like Figure 7 The topmost diagram shows a configuration that can accommodate 26 units (i.e., units corresponding to 26 tones). Six tones can be used for the guard band in the leftmost band of the 20 MHz frequency band, and five tones can be used for the guard band in the rightmost band of the 20 MHz frequency band. Furthermore, seven DC tones can be inserted in the center band (i.e., the DC band), and 26 units corresponding to 13 tones on each of the left and right sides of the DC band can be arranged. Units of 26, 52, and 106 can be allocated to other frequency bands. Individual units can be assigned to receiving STAs (i.e., users).

[0145] at the same time, Figure 7 The RU layout in the diagram can be used not only for multi-user (MU) but also for single-user (SU). In the single-user case, a 242 unit can be used and three DC tones can be inserted, such as... Figure 5 The bottom part is shown in the diagram.

[0146] Although Figure 8Various sizes of RUs have been proposed, namely 26-RU, 52-RU, 106-RU, and 242-RU, but RUs of a specific size can be expanded or increased. Therefore, this embodiment is not limited to individual RUs of a specific size (i.e., the number of corresponding tones). In this specification, an N-RU can be represented as an N-tone RU, etc. For example, a 26-RU can be represented as a 26-tone RU.

[0147] Figure 9 This is a diagram illustrating the layout of a resource unit (RU) for a 40 MHz PPDU.

[0148] With the use of RUs of various sizes Figure 10 Similarly, in Figure 10 Examples of frequencies that can be used include 26-RU, 52-RU, 106-RU, 242-RU, and 484-RU. Additionally, five DC tones can be inserted into the center frequency; 12 tones can be used for the leftmost guard band of the 40 MHz band; and 11 tones can be used for the rightmost guard band of the 40 MHz band.

[0149] like Figure 11 As shown, a 484-RU can be used when the RU layout is for a single user. The specific number of RUs can be similar to... Figure 11 Change.

[0150] Figure 12 This diagram illustrates the layout of resource units (RUs) for an 80 MHz PPDU. The layout of resource units (RUs) used in this specification can vary. For example, the layout of resource units (RUs) used in the 80 MHz band can be varied.

[0151] Figure 12 The operation related to the UL-MU is illustrated. As shown, a transmitting STA (e.g., an AP) can perform channel access through contention (i.e., backoff operation) and transmit a trigger frame 930. That is, the transmitting STA (e.g., an AP) can transmit a PPDU 930 including the trigger frame. When the PPDU including the trigger frame is received, a TB (trigger-based) PPDU is transmitted after a delay of SIFS.

[0152] Multiple TB PPDUs 941, 942 can be transmitted simultaneously and can be transmitted from multiple STAs (e.g., user STAs) whose AIDs are indicated in the trigger frame 930. The ACK frame 950 for the TB PPDU can be implemented in various forms.

[0153] Figure 12 The figure shows an example of a channel used / supported / defined within the 2.4 GHz band.

[0154] The 2.4 GHz band can also be referred to by other names, such as "first band". Furthermore, the 2.4 GHz band can refer to the frequency range used / supported / defined by channels having a center frequency adjacent to 2.4 GHz (e.g., channels having a center frequency between 2.4 GHz and 2.5 GHz).

[0155] A 2.4 GHz band can include multiple 20 MHz channels. Each 20 MHz channel within the 2.4 GHz band can have multiple channel indices (e.g., indices 1 to 14). For example, the center frequency of channel index 1 for a 20 MHz channel could be 2.412 GHz, the center frequency of channel index 2 for a 20 MHz channel could be 2.417 GHz, and the center frequency of channel index N for a 20 MHz channel could be (2.407 + 0.005 * N) GHz. Channel indices can be referenced by various names such as channel numbers. Specific values ​​for channel indices and center frequencies can be changed.

[0156] Figure 12 Four channels within a 2.4 GHz frequency band are illustrated exemplarily. The first frequency region 1010 to the fourth frequency region 1040 shown may each include one channel. For example, the first frequency region 1010 may include channel 1 (the 20 MHz channel with index 1). In this case, the center frequency of channel 1 may be set to 2412 MHz. The second frequency region 1020 may include channel 6. In this case, the center frequency of channel 6 may be set to 2437 MHz. The third frequency region 1030 may include channel 11. In this case, the center frequency of channel 11 may be set to 2462 MHz. The fourth frequency region 1040 may include channel 14. In this case, the center frequency of channel 14 may be set to 2484 MHz.

[0157] Figure 12 The figure shows an example of a channel used / supported / defined within the 5 GHz band.

[0158] The 5 GHz band can be referred to by other names, such as second band / band, etc. The 5 GHz band can refer to the frequency range that uses / supports / defines channels with a center frequency greater than or equal to 5 GHz and less than 6 GHz (or less than 5.9 GHz). Alternatively, the 5 GHz band can include multiple channels between 4.5 GHz and 5.5 GHz. Figure 12 The specific figures shown may vary.

[0159] Multiple channels within the 5 GHz band include the unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (UNII)-1, UNII-2, UNII-3, and ISM. UNII-1 may be referred to as the lower UNII. UNII-2 may include frequency ranges referred to as the middle UNII and the extended UNII-2. UNII-3 may be referred to as the upper UNII.

[0160] Within the 5 GHz band, multiple channels can be configured, and the bandwidth of each channel can be configured differently, such as 20 MHz, 40 MHz, 80 MHz, or 160 MHz. For example, the 5170 MHz to 5330 MHz frequency domain / range within UNII-1 and UNII-2 can be divided into eight 20 MHz channels. The 5170 MHz to 5330 MHz frequency domain / range can be divided into four channels using a 40 MHz frequency domain. The 5170 MHz to 5330 MHz frequency domain / range can be divided into two channels using an 80 MHz frequency domain. Alternatively, the 5170 MHz to 5330 MHz frequency domain / range can be divided into one channel using a 160 MHz frequency domain.

[0161] Figure 13 The illustration shows an example of a channel used / supported / defined within the 6 GHz band.

[0162] The 6 GHz band can be referred to by other names, such as the third band / band. The 6 GHz band can refer to the frequency range that uses, supports, and defines channels with center frequencies higher than 5.9 GHz. Figure 13 The specific values ​​shown may change.

[0163] For example, it can be defined starting from 5.940 GHz. Figure 13 The 20 MHz channel. Specifically, Figure 13 The leftmost channel in the 20 MHz channel can have an index of 1 (or channel index, channel number, etc.) and be assigned a center frequency of 5.945 GHz. In other words, the center frequency of channel index N can be determined as (5.940 + 0.005 * N) GHz.

[0164] therefore, Figure 13The index (or channel number) of the 20 MHz channel can be 1, 5, 9, 13, 17, 21, 25, 29, 33, 37, 41, 45, 49, 53, 57, 61, 65, 69, 73, 77, 81, 85, 89, 93, 97, 101, 105, 109, 113, 117, 121, 125, 129, 133, 137, 141, 145, 149, 153, 157, 161, 165, 169, 173, 177, 181, 185, 189, 193, 197, 201, 205, 209, 213, 217, 221, 225, 229, 233. Furthermore, according to the above (5.940 + 0.005 * N) GHz rule, Figure 13 The index of the 40 MHz channel can be 3, 11, 19, 27, 35, 43, 51, 59, 67, 75, 83, 91, 99, 107, 115, 123, 131, 139, 147, 155, 163, 171, 179, 187, 195, 203, 211, 219, 227.

[0165] The structure and type / subtype of MAC frames are described below.

[0166] Figure 5 An example of a MAC frame header is shown. As illustrated, a MAC frame may include a 2-octet frame control field / information, a 2-octet duration field / information, a 6-octet receiver address (RA) field / information, and a 6-octet sender address (TA) field / information. Figure 8 As shown, the four fields can be consecutive. They can be modified in various ways. Figure 8 The MAC header, and new fields can be inserted between the four fields shown, or at least one of the fields shown can be omitted.

[0167] Figure 8 The MAC header shown can be placed at the very beginning of the MAC frame. That is, a MAC frame can include, for example... Figure 8 The diagram shows the MAC header and the MAC body fields / information that follow the MAC header. This includes... Figure 13 The MAC frame header is inserted / included in the MAC frame. Figure 14 The data fields of the PPDU shown (e.g., UHR PPDU).

[0168] MAC frames included in the data field of the PPDU of this disclosure can be classified into various types. For example, MAC frames of this disclosure can be classified into control frames, management frames, and data frames.

[0169] For example, management frames include association requests, association responses, reassociation requests, reassociation responses, probe requests, probe responses, beacons, disassociation, authentication, and deauthentication frames / signals defined in a regular WLAN. For management frames, Figure 14 The values ​​of type fields B3 and B2 are set to 00. Additionally, Figures 1 to 4 The values ​​of the subtype fields B7, B6, B5, and B4 are as follows: Association Request (0000), Association Response (0001), Re-association Request (0010), Re-association Response (0011), Probe Request (0100), Probe Response (0101), Beacon (1000), Disassociation (1010), Authentication (1011), and Disauthentication (1100).

[0170] For example, control frames include trigger beamforming report polling, NDP announcement (NDPA), control frame extension, control wrapping, block Ack request (BlockAckReq), block Ack (BlockAck), PS-polling, RTS, CTS, Ack, and CF-end frames / signals as defined in traditional WLANs. For control frames, Figure 14 The values ​​of type fields B3 and B2 are set to 01. Furthermore, Figure 1 The values ​​of the subtype fields B7, B6, B5, and B4 are as follows: Trigger (0010), Beamforming Report Poll (0100), NDP Announcement (0101), Control Frame Extension (0110), Control Wrapper (0111), BlockAckReq (1000), BlockAck (1001), PS-Polling (1010), RTS (1011), CTS (1100), Ack (1101), and CF-End (1110).

[0171] For example, data frames include (QoS) data, (QoS) space, etc., as defined in a regular WLAN. For management frames, Figure 14 The values ​​of type fields B3 and B2 are set to 10.

[0172] The MAC frames / signals used in this disclosure can be identified by the aforementioned type field / information and subtype field / information. For example, a "trigger frame" in this disclosure may refer to a MAC frame in which type bits B3 and B2 in the frame control field of the MAC header are set to 01, and subtype bits B7, B6, B5, and B4 in the frame control field are set to 0010. The various MAC frames described in this disclosure are inserted into / included in the data fields of various PPDUs (e.g., HE / VHT / HE / EHT / UHR PPDUs).

[0173] Figure 14 Examples of modifications to the transmitting and / or receiving apparatus of this disclosure are shown.

[0174] It is possible Figure 1 Modifications shown Figure 14 The device shown (e.g., AP STA, non-AP STA). Figure 1 The transceiver 630 can be used with Figure 14 The transceivers 113 and 123 are the same. Figure 1 The transceiver 630 may include a receiver and a transmitter.

[0175] Figure 14 The processor 610 can be with Figure 1 The processors 111 and 121 are the same. Alternatively, Figure 14 The processor 610 can be with Figure 14 The processing chips 114 and 124 are the same.

[0176] Figure 15 The memory 150 can be connected with Figure 15 The memory modules 112 and 122 are identical. Alternatively, Figure 16 The memory 150 can be different Figure 16 Separate external memories for memories 112 and 122.

[0177] Reference Figure 16 The power management module 611 manages the power of the processor 610 and / or transceiver 630. The battery 612 supplies power to the power management module 611. The display 613 outputs the results processed by the processor 610. The keyboard 614 receives input to be used by the processor 610. The keyboard 614 may be displayed on the display 613. The SIM card 615 may be an integrated circuit for securely storing the International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) and its associated keys, used for identifying and authenticating users in mobile devices such as mobile phones and computers.

[0178] Reference Figure 16 The speaker (640) can output the sound-related results processed by the processor 610. The microphone (641) can receive sound-related inputs to be used by the processor 610.

[0179] The following describes the polymeric MPDU (A-MPDU) applicable to this specification.

[0180] Figure 17 An example of the A-MPDU format is shown in the diagram.

[0181] Reference Figure 17An A-MPDU consists of a variable number of End-of-Frame (EOF) paddings and a sequence of at least one A-MPDU subframe. Each A-MPDU subframe optionally includes an MPDU delimiter preceding the MPDU. Within an A-MPDU, each non-final A-MPDU subframe may be padded with octets to create a subframe of a length that is a multiple of four octets. The content of these octets is not specified.

[0182] An EOF padding subframe contains zero or more EOF padding subframes. An EOF padding subframe is an A-MPDU subframe where the MPDU length field is 0 and its EOF field is 1. A-MPDU EOF padding indicates the content of the A-MPDU excluding the EOF padding field.

[0183] The maximum length of the A-MPDU in an HT PPDU is 65,535 octets. The maximum length of the A-MPDU in a DMG PPDU is 262,143 octets. The maximum length of the A-MPDU EOF padding in a VHT PPDU is 1,048,575 octets. The maximum length of the A-MPDU EOF padding in a HE PPDU is 6,500,631 octets. The maximum length of the A-MPDU EOF padding in an EHT PPDU is 15,523,200 octets. The length of the A-MPDU addressing a specific STA can be further limited.

[0184] The MPDU delimiter contains an EOF / tag field and an MPDU length field. When the MPDU length field is 0, the EOF / tag field indicates the end of the frame. The EOF / tag field is set to 1 in A-MPDU subframes where the MPDU length field is 0, and is used to fill the A-MPDU in the VHT or HE PPDU.

[0185] The MPDU length field indicates the length of the MPDU in octet bytes and is set to 0 if no more MPDUs are available.

[0186] In non-DMG PPDUs, an A-MPDU is a sequence of A-MPDU subframes carried in a single PPDU using one of the following combinations of RXVECTOR or TXVECTOR parameter values:

[0187] - FORMAT parameter set to VHT

[0188] - The FORMAT parameter is set to HT_MF or HT_GF, and the AGGREGATION parameter is set to 1.

[0189] - The FORMAT parameter is set to S1G, S1G_DUP_1M or S1G_DUP_2M and the AGGREGATION parameter is set to 1.

[0190] - The FORMAT parameter that is set to HE_SU, HE_MU, HE_TB, or HE_ER_SU.

[0191] - FORMAT parameter set to EHT_MU or EHT_TB

[0192] The A-MPDU carried in HE SU PPDU, HE ER SU PPDU, HE TB PPDU and HE MU PPDU can be contained in MPDUs with different values ​​in the TID field (multi-TID A-MPDU and single-TID A-MPDU with ack enabled).

[0193] All MPDUs within an A-MPDU are addressed to the same Radio Access Point (RA). All MPDUs within an A-MPDU have the same Transport Assignment (TA). All QoS data frames within an A-MPDU with a TID that has an HT Immediate Block Acknowledgment Agreement have the same value in the Acknowledgment Policy Indicator subfield of the QoS Control Field.

[0194] All protected MPDUs within an A-MPDU have the same key ID.

[0195] The duration / ID field in the MAC header of all MPDUs within an A-MPDU carries the same value. The duration / ID field in the MAC header of MPDUs included in VHT MU PPDU, HE MU PPDU, and EHT MU PPDU also carries the same value.

[0196] The reference point for the duration / ID field is the end of the PPDU carrying the MPDU. For A-MPDU aggregations, setting the duration / ID field to the same value means that each MPDU consistently specifies the same NAV setting.

[0197] If an immediate response is carried in a non-PPDU, then VHT MU PPDU, S1G MU PPDU, HE MU PPDU, and EHTMU PPDU do not carry more than one A-MPDU containing one or more MPDUs requesting an immediate response. HE TB PPDU is not an EHT TB PPDU. If an immediate response is carried in an HE TB PPDU or EHT TB PPDU, then HE MU PPDU and EHTMU PPDU can carry more than one A-MPDU, each A-MPDU containing one or more MPDUs requesting an immediate response.

[0198] The block ACK mechanism improves channel efficiency by aggregating multiple ACKs into a single frame. Using the block ACK mechanism, the STA with the data to be transmitted is called the sender, and the receiver of that data is called the receiver.

[0199] The Ack policy indicator subfield, along with other information, identifies the ack policy, i.e., the action to be taken when sending an MPDU. If the MPDU is a non-A-MPDU frame, it is designated as a normal Ack, and if the MPDU is not a non-A-MPDU frame, it is designated as an implicit BAR.

[0200] <Implementation methods applicable to this specification>

[0201] Figure 17 An example of an A-MPDU transmission method in a downlink environment is illustrated.

[0202] Figure 17 The image shows an example of the A-MPDU transport method currently defined in 802.11be. Figure 17 The diagram illustrates a PPDU consisting of an A-MPDU sent by the AP to STA 1 in a downlink environment using only 60 MHz of the total 80 MHz bandwidth and an A-MPDU sent to STA 3 in the remaining 20 MHz. Each A-MPDU is configured to have only one RA, thus it can be sent to only one STA. The transmission order of the A-MPDUs is determined based on EDCA, and at this point, there may be low-latency services that must be sent before other data. Currently, there is no method in 802.11be to efficiently send low-latency services first, so a system capable of processing these packets faster is needed. In Wi-Fi, when data arrives, packets to be sent are queued and sent according to their arrival order based on AC class. Therefore, the problem with existing A-MPDU transmission methods is that if there are other packets to be sent in the queue before low-latency service packets, they cannot be sent quickly because they must send the other packets first. Figure 18If transmission scheduling has already been completed in STA 1, even if there is a low-latency service to be sent to STA 2, it is difficult to quickly send the PPDU to STA 2 because it must wait until the TXOP of STA 1 and STA 3 is completed. In addition, if the PPDU to STA 2 is sent more aggressively than the PPDU to other STAs (before the PPDU to other STAs), problems such as fairness issues may occur.

[0203] To address this issue, this specification proposes a novel technique for transmitting low-latency services by including two or more RAs in an A-MPDU to enable faster transmission of low-latency services. The values / names presented in this specification can be modified and are not limited to those described below. Additionally, in this specification, STA includes both non-AP STAs and APSTAs.

[0204] Figure 18 An example of a multi-RA A-MPDU transmission method in a downlink environment is illustrated.

[0205] This specification proposes a new multi-RA A-MPDU that can be used to send data from one A-MPDU to two or more STAs. Figure 17 An example of a multi-RA A-MPDU transmission method is shown. Figures 19 to 27 The preemption technique using multi-RA A-MPDU is shown in the following scenario: in a downlink environment, there is a low-latency service that must be urgently sent to STA 2, while data to be sent to STA 1 and STA 3 is queued.

[0206] Reference Figures 19 to 27 The AP sends data in the form of multi-RA A-MPDU to both STA 1 and STA 2 (not just STA 1) in 60 MHz outside the 80 MHz bandwidth, and sends the existing A-MPDU to STA 3 in the remaining 20 MHz.

[0207] If multiple RA A-MPDUs are introduced into a UHR wireless LAN system, then Figures 19 to 27 The EHT-SIG can also be called UHR-SIG. Furthermore, all EHT-SIGs described below can be called UHR-SIG.

[0208] Figure 28 An example of RU allocation for a multi-RA A-MPDU is shown.

[0209] Figure 28 This shows how the actual mapping is used. Figure 28Example of user data in the Resource Unit (RU) allocation subfield and user field of the transmission. First, in the RU allocation subfield, it is notified that a 484+242-tone RU is the RU used for the transmission of the multi-RAA-MPDU, and the data of STA 1 and STA 2 are allocated to the 484+242-tone RU and sent. Two methods are used to set the STA-ID in the user field of the EHT-SIG field of the EHT MU PPDU to its own ID. That is, the ID of each STA participating in the transmission of the multi-RAA-MPDU and the existing A-MPDU is set to the STAID in the user field of the EHT-SIG.

[0210] The first approach is to set up the PPDU as described above, and then later distinguish in the MAC layer whether the A-MPDU has two or more RAs or one RA.

[0211] The second method is to configure a multi-RA A-MPDU using the value of the RU allocation subfield included in the EHT-SIG field. A multi-RA A-MPDU can only be allocated to RUs with more than 242 RUs and must comply with the rule that they can include up to three STAs.

[0212] Figure 28 The illustration shows an example of the RU allocation subfield defined in an 802.11be WLAN system.

[0213] exist Figure 28 The document defines the mapping from the 9-bit RU allocation subfield to the RU allocation and the number of user fields per RU or MRU contributing to the user-specific fields of the same EHT-SIG content channel as the RU allocation subfield.

[0214] Reference Figure 28 When the value of the RU allocation subfield is 0 to 303, it indicates the allocation pattern of a specific RU or MRU, and when the value of the RU allocation subfield is 304 to 511, it is set to be ignored.

[0215] The following are the large-size MRUs defined for DL ​​and UL non-OFMDA transmissions:

[0216] : 484+242-tone MRU, 996+484-tone MRU, 996+484+242-tone MRU, 2×996+484-tone MRU, 3×996-tone MRU and 3×996+484-tone MRU

[0217] The large-size MRU defined for DL ​​and UL OFMDA transmissions is as follows:

[0218] : 484+242-tone MRU, 996+484-tone MRU, 2×996+484-tone MRU, 3×996-tone MRU and 3×996+484-tone MRU (i.e., 996+484+242-tone MRU is defined only for non-OFDMA transmission).

[0219] The location of the large-size MRU is fixed and defined as follows. Table 1 defines the index of the large-size MRU in OFDMA 80 MHz PPDU and non-OFDMA 80 MHz PPDU.

[0220] [Table 1]

[0221]

[0222] Tables 2 through 4 define the indices of large-size MRUs in OFDMA 160 MHz PPDU and non-OFDMA 160 MHz PPDU.

[0223] [Table 2]

[0224]

[0225]

[0226] [Table 3]

[0227]

[0228] [Table 4]

[0229]

[0230]

[0231] Tables 5 through 9 define the indexes of large-size MRUs in OFDMA 320 MHz PPDU and non-OFDMA 320 MHz PPDU.

[0232] [Table 5]

[0233]

[0234]

[0235]

[0236] [Table 6]

[0237]

[0238]

[0239] [Table 7]

[0240]

[0241]

[0242]

[0243] [Table 8]

[0244]

[0245]

[0246] [Table 9]

[0247]

[0248]

[0249] Here, the second method described above is proposed to specify the RU using bits (304-511) currently set to be ignored in the RU allocation subfield. The way the RU allocation subfield is specified depends on the number of RAs included in the multi-RA A-MPDU and the size of the allocated RU, as described in Table 10. The RU allocation subfield specifies the size of the RU to which it is allocated and the number of RAs that can be included in the multi-RA A-MPDU. For example, if the value of the RU allocation subfield is 307, the multi-RA A-MPDU is allocated to a 484-tone RU and includes three RAs. Because the number of RAs included in the multi-RA A-MPDU is specified, the STA decodes all data from the allocated RAs.

[0250] [Table 10]

[0251]

[0252]

[0253]

[0254]

[0255]

[0256]

[0257]

[0258]

[0259]

[0260]

[0261]

[0262]

[0263]

[0264]

[0265] Figure 29 An example tone scheme for an RU with an allocation for transmission of multiple RA A-MPDUs in an 80 MHz bandwidth is illustrated.

[0266] Figure 30 Examples of tone and MRU schemes for transmitting multi-RA A-MPDUs based on the value of the RU allocation subfield are shown. The RUs used for multi-RA A-MPDUs are shaded.

[0267] against Figure 29 In the first row, the first 242-tone RU (shaded) of the four 242-tone RUs has its RU allocation subfield value set to 304 (100110000), allowing the transmission of multi-RA A-MPDUs including two RAs within that RU. For the second through fourth 242-tone RUs (unshaded), each RU allocation subfield value has one of the values ​​61 to 71, allowing the transmission of A-MPDUs with one RA using MU-MIMO within that RU.

[0268] exist Figure 29 In the second line, for the first 484-tone RU (shaded), the value of the RU allocation subfield is set to 306 (100110010), enabling the transmission of a multi-RA A-MPDU with two RAs in that RU. Similarly, for the second 242-tone RU and the third 242-tone RU (unshaded), the value of the RU allocation subfield for each is one of values ​​between 61 and 71, enabling the transmission of an A-MPDU with one RA using MU-MIMO in that RU.

[0269] exist Figure 29In the third line, among a 484-tone RU and two 242-tone RUs, for the second-positioned 242-tone RU (indicated by the shaded area), the RU allocation subfield value is set to 305 (100110001), enabling the transmission of a multi-RA A-MPDU with three RAs in that RU. For the first-positioned 484-tone RU, the RU allocation subfield value is one of values ​​from 72 to 79, enabling the transmission of an A-MPDU with one RA using MU-MIMO in that RU. For the third-positioned 242-tone RU, the RU allocation subfield value is one of values ​​from 61 to 71, enabling the transmission of an A-MPDU with one RA using MU-MIMO in that RU.

[0270] exist Figure 30 In the second and third lines, all RUs except those transmitting multi-RA A-MPDUs (including one 484-tone RU and two 242-tone RUs) are RUs using MU-MIMO. In this specification, only the single-user case, not MU-MIMO, is considered for multi-RA A-MPDUs, and examples of corresponding bit values ​​are indicated, but the pattern is not always limited to this pattern.

[0271] Normally, when a STA receives an A-MPDU, it checks the A-MPDU header to determine the RA and AID. If the A-MPDU is addressed to it, it does not decode it (skips it). When a STA receives a multi-RA A-MPDU, if the first A-MPDU subframe does not have its own RA, it may not be able to read subsequent A-MPDU subframes sent to it, even if an A-MPDU subframe exists. Therefore, if the RU allocation subfield is set to multi-RA A-MPDU, all STAs assigned to the corresponding RU decode the multi-RA A-MPDU via PHY signaling (RXVECTOR) until the end (until the last A-MPDU subframe of the multi-RA A-MPDU).

[0272] Figure 30 The illustration shows an example of the arrangement of A-MPDU subframes within a multi-RA A-MPDU.

[0273] Figure 29 The illustration shows an example of the arrangement of A-MPDU subframes within a multi-RA A-MPDU to reduce frame decoding time.

[0274] Multiple RA A-MPDU is not limited to, for example Figure 30 The RA shown arranges multiple A-MPDU subframes in a single line, but can be configured occasionally. Figure 31An example of a multi-RA A-MPDU is shown, where subframes are arranged regularly according to the RA, but can be organized irregularly. The order of the subframes can be the order in which they must be transmitted quickly or the order that considers fairness, but the order is not restricted. Figure 17 The methods shown are different, and can be as follows: Figure 31 The configuration shown is a multi-RA A-MPDU to reduce the time consumed by all STAs receiving multi-RA A-MPDUs to decode A-MPDU subframes they have not received. Figure 32 In this process, A-MPDU subframes with the same RA are arranged in a row, and EOF padding is added to the end of the last subframe in the A-MPDU subframe sent to a specific RA to set EOF / tag = 1 and MPDU length = 0. When reading multi-RA A-MPDUs, if a subframe's RA is the same as its own RA and the EOF padding portion is not read afterward, the STA can reduce decoding time by performing decoding up to the EOF padding portion. Alternatively, the STA does not decode subframes that do not have their own RA; instead, it reads up to the EOF padding portion and then checks the RA of subsequent subframes to determine if the subframe addresses it. By placing EOF padding between subframes with different RAs in this way, the STA can avoid decoding entire subframes that do not correspond to it, thus reducing unnecessary time.

[0275] For example, in Figure 32 In this process, STA1 and STA2 must decode all A-MPDU subframes 1-n of RA1 and RA2.

[0276] However, in Figure 32 In this scenario, STA1 can decode A-MPDU subframes 1-n for RA1, decode EOP padding, and then skip decoding A-MPDU subframes 1-n for RA2. STA2 can skip decoding A-MPDU subframes 1-n for RA1 and decode EOP padding in the middle before decoding A-MPDU subframes 1-n for RA2. This reduces the time spent by the STA decoding multiple RA A-MPDUs.

[0277] Regular EOF padding is deployed to indicate the end (final) of an A-MPDU, but in a multi-RA A-MPDU, it is used to indicate the end of a subframe with a specific RA. Therefore, if a STA decodes EOF padding equal to the number of STAs included in a multi-RA A-MPDU, the STA can determine the end of the multi-RA A-MPDU.

[0278] Figure 5 The illustration shows an example of receiving a block ACK via the transmission of a block ACK request frame.

[0279] The method for the AP to receive an acknowledgment after sending an A-MPDU is described below. In other words, the method for the STA to send an acknowledgment for a multi-RA A-MPDU as described in this specification can be operated using one or more of the methods listed below.

[0280] like Figure 33 As shown, the first method is to receive block ACKs from all STAs simultaneously. When RU allocation is performed in advance, the RU for block ACK is assigned to all STAs receiving A-MPDU, and the ACK policy is set to implicit BAR (Block Ack Request). In the case of multi-RA A-MPDU, the AP will also assign the RU for block Ack to all STAs included in the RA.

[0281] The second method is to receive block Acks individually by sending block Ack request frames only to the STAs that receive low-latency service frames, such as... Figure 33 As shown. First, the other STAs (STA 1 and STA 3) set their Ack policy to implicit BAR, so that they can receive block ACK immediately after sending A-MPDU. Then, the STA (STA 2) that sends low-latency services sets its Ack policy to block Ack, so that it receives block Ack independently.

[0282] Figure 33 This is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the transmitting device according to this embodiment.

[0283] Figure 33 Examples can be performed by the transmitting device (AP and / or non-AP STA).

[0284] Figure 5 Some steps in each step of the example (or detailed sub-steps described later) can be skipped / omitted.

[0285] Through step S3210, the transmitting device (transmitting STA) can obtain information about the aforementioned tone plan. As described above, the information about the tone plan includes the size and location of the RU, control information related to the RU, information about the frequency band including the RU, and information about the STA receiving the RU, etc.

[0286] In step S3220, the transmitting device can construct / generate a PPDU based on the acquired control information. Configuring / generating a PPDU may include configuring / generating each field of the PPDU. Specifically, step S3220 includes configuring the EHT-SIG field, which includes control information regarding tone planning. In other words, step S3220 includes configuring a field containing control information (e.g., an N-bitmap) indicating the size / location of the RU; and / or configuring a field containing an identifier (e.g., an AID) of the STA receiving the RU.

[0287] Furthermore, step S3220 may include generating an STF / LTF sequence transmitted via a specific RU. The STF / LTF sequence may be generated based on a preset STF generation sequence / LTF generation sequence.

[0288] In addition, step S3220 may include generating a data field (i.e., MPDU) sent through a specific RU.

[0289] The transmitting device can send the PPDU constructed in step S3220 to the receiving device based on step S3230.

[0290] When performing step S3230, the transmitting device may perform at least one of the following operations: CSD, spatial mapping, IDFT / IFFT operation, and GI insertion.

[0291] The signals / fields / sequences constructed according to this specification can be used as follows: Figure 32 Send in the form of.

[0292] Figures 1 to 33 This is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the receiving device / apparatus according to this embodiment.

[0293] According to Figure 34 The example is used to receive the above PPDU.

[0294] Figure 34 Examples can be performed by the receiving device / app (AP and / or non-AP STA).

[0295] Figure 34 Some steps in each step of the example (or detailed sub-steps described later) can be skipped / omitted.

[0296] The receiving device (receiving STA) can receive all or part of the PPDU through step S3310. The received signal can be used... Figure 34 In the form of.

[0297] The sub-steps of step S3310 can be based on Figure 23 Step S3230 is determined. That is, in step S3310, the operation of restoring the results of the CSD, spatial mapping, IDFT / IFFT operation and GI insertion operation applied in step S3230 can be performed.

[0298] In step S3320, the receiving device can perform decoding on all or part of the PPDU. Furthermore, the receiving device can obtain control information related to the tone plan (i.e., RU) from the decoded PPDU.

[0299] More specifically, the receiving device can decode the L-SIG and EHT-SIG of the PPDU based on conventional STF / LTF and obtain the information included in the L-SIG and EHT SIG fields. The information about various tone schemes (i.e., RUs) described in this specification can be included in the EHT-SIG, and the receiving STA can obtain information about tone schemes (i.e., RUs) through the EHT-SIG.

[0300] In step S3330, the receiving device can decode the remainder of the PPDU based on information about the tone plan (i.e., RU) obtained in step S3320. For example, the receiving STA can decode the STF / LTF field of the PPDU based on information about a plan (i.e., RU). Additionally, the receiving STA can decode the data field of the PPDU based on information about the tone plan (i.e., RU) and obtain the MPDU included in the data field.

[0301] Additionally, the receiving device can perform a processing operation to transmit the data decoded in step S3330 to a higher layer (e.g., the MAC layer). Furthermore, when a signal indicating the transmission from the upper layer to the PHY layer is generated in response to the data sent to the upper layer, subsequent operations can be performed.

[0302] In the following text, reference will be made to Figure 23 The above-described implementation method is described.

[0303] Figure 23 This is a flowchart illustrating the process for transmitting multiple RA A-MPDUs according to this embodiment.

[0304] Figure 23 The example can be implemented in network environments that support next-generation wireless LAN systems (Ultra-High Reliability (UHR) wireless LAN systems or next-generation Wi-Fi). Next-generation wireless LAN systems are improved versions of the 802.11be system and meet backward compatibility requirements with the 802.11be system.

[0305] Figure 35 The example is executed at the sending STA, which can correspond to the access point (AP). Figure 35 The receiving STA can correspond to at least one STA (station).

[0306] This embodiment proposes a method for configuring a multi-RA A-MPDU, which can be sent to two or more STAs using a single A-MPDU to address low-latency services. Specifically, this embodiment proposes a method for configuring the number of RAs that can be included in a multi-RA A-MPDU and the size of the RU to which the multi-RA A-MPDU is allocated, based on the RU allocation subfield of the signal field.

[0307] In step S3410, the transmitting station (STA) generates a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU).

[0308] In step S3420, the sending STA sends a PPDU to the first receiving STA and the second receiving STA.

[0309] The PPDU includes a signal field and a first aggregation-MAC protocol data unit (A-MPDU).

[0310] The signal field includes a first resource unit (RU) allocation subfield. The first RU allocation subfield includes information about the number of receiver addresses (RAs) set in the first A-MPDU and the size of the RU or multiple resource unit (MRU) to which the first A-MPDU is allocated.

[0311] The RA set in the first A-MPDU includes a first RA for the first receiving STA and a second RA for the second receiving STA.

[0312] PPDU may also include a second A-MPDU.

[0313] The signal field may also include a second RU allocation subfield. The second RU allocation subfield may include information about the size of the RU or MRU to which the second A-MPDU is allocated.

[0314] The RA set in the second A-MPDU can include only the third RA for the third receiving STA.

[0315] Here, the first A-MPDU can correspond to a multi-RA A-MPDU that has two (or more) RAs and can be sent to two (or more) STAs. The second A-MPDU can correspond to a regular A-MPDU that has only one RA and can be sent to only one STA. That is, the first A-MPDU can be sent to the first receiving STA and the second receiving STA, and the second A-MPDU can be sent to the third receiving STA.

[0316] In other words, this implementation proposes a method for configuring a multi-RA A-MPDU, which can send one A-MPDU to two or more STAs by including two or more RAs in one A-MPDU, thereby enabling faster transmission of low-latency services. Specifically, by defining a neglect value in the newly defined RU allocation subfield, the number of RAs set in the multi-RA A-MPDU and the size of the allocated RU or MRU can be determined, allowing the AP to effectively preemptively transmit (prioritize transmission) low-latency services. This has the effect of more efficiently reducing latency by utilizing A-MPDUs to support differentiated transmission for STAs with different QoS, which is an important transmission technology in Wi-Fi.

[0317] The signal field may also include a station identifier (STA ID) subfield. The STA ID subfield includes the IDs of the first receiving STA through the third receiving STA. In this case, the MAC layer can distinguish and indicate whether the first A-MPDU and the second A-MPDU are existing A-MPDUs or multi-RA A-MPDUs.

[0318] The signal field can include common fields and user fields. Common fields can include a first RU allocation subfield and a second RU allocation subfield. User fields can include a STA ID subfield. The signal field can be either EHT-SIG or UHR-SIG.

[0319] The methods for configuring the first A-MPDU (multi-RA A-MPDU) as the first RU allocation subfield and the second A-MPDU (existing A-MPDU) as the second RU allocation subfield are as follows.

[0320] The bandwidth based on the PPDU is 80 MHz and the 80 MHz includes the first 242-tone RU to the fourth 242-tone RU. An example of configuring the first RU allocation subfield and the second RU allocation subfield is as follows.

[0321] For the first 242-tone RU, based on the value of the first RU allocation subfield being 304, the number of RAs set in the first A-MPDU can be 2, and the RU or MRU to which the first A-MPDU is allocated can be the first 242-tone RU (see Table 10 above).

[0322] For the second 242-tone RU to the fourth 242-tone RU, based on the value of the second RU allocation subfield being 61 to 71, the number of RAs set in the second A-MPDU can be 1, and the RU or MRU to which the second A-MPDU is allocated can be the second 242-tone RU to the fourth 242-tone RU using multi-user-multi-input-multi-output (MU-MIMO) (see...). Figure 35).

[0323] The bandwidth of the PPDU is 80 MHz, and the 80 MHz includes a first 484-tone RU, a first 242-tone RU, and a second 242-tone RU. An example of configuring the first RU allocation subfield and the second RU allocation subfield is as follows.

[0324] For the first 484-tone RU, based on the value of the first RU allocation subfield being 306, the number of RAs set in the first A-MPDU can be 2, and the RU or MRU to which the first A-MPDU is allocated can be the first 484-tone RU (see Table 10 above).

[0325] For the first 242-tone RU and the second 242-tone RU, based on the value of the second RU allocation subfield being 61 to 71, the number of RAs set in the second A-MPDU can be 1, and the RU or MRU to which the second A-MPDU is allocated can be the first 242-tone RU and the second 242-tone RU using MU-MIMO (see [link to MU-MIMO]). Figure 35 ).

[0326] The bandwidth of the PPDU is 80 MHz, and the 80 MHz includes a first 484-tone RU, a first 242-tone RU, and a second 242-tone RU. An example of configuring the first RU allocation subfield and the second RU allocation subfield is as follows.

[0327] For the first 242-tone RU, based on the value of the first RU allocation subfield being 305, the number of RAs set in the first A-MPDU can be 3, and the RU or MRU to which the first A-MPDU can be assigned is the first 242-tone RU (see Table 10 above).

[0328] For the first 484-tone RU, based on the value of the second RU allocation subfield being one of 72 to 79, the number of RAs set in the second A-MPDU can be 1, and the RU or MRU to which the second A-MPDU is assigned can be the first 484-tone RU using MU-MIMO (see [link to 484-tone RU]). Figure 23 ).

[0329] For the second 242-tone RU, based on the value of the second RU allocation subfield being one of 61 to 71, the number of RAs set in the second A-MPDU can be 1, and the RU or MRU to which the second A-MPDU is assigned can be the second 242-tone RU using MU-MIMO (see [link to 242-tone RU]). Figure 23 ).

[0330] Based on the fact that the number of RAs set in the first A-MPDU is 3, the RAs set in the first A-MPDU may also include a fourth RA for the fourth receiving STA. The first A-MPDU can be sent to the first receiving STA, the second receiving STA, and the fourth receiving STA.

[0331] As another example, based on the value of the first RU allocation subfield being 312, the number of RAs set in the first A-MPDU can be 2, and the RU or MRU to which the first A-MPDU is allocated can be a 484+242-tone MRU within the first 80 MHz frequency subblock, the second 80 MHz frequency subblock, the third 80 MHz frequency subblock, and the fourth 80 MHz frequency subblock (where the pattern of the 484+242-tone MRU is [gap-242]-242-484) (see Table 10 above).

[0332] As another example, based on the value of the first RU allocation subfield being 363, the number of RAs set in the first A-MPDU can be 3, and the RU or MRU to which the first A-MPDU is allocated can be...

[0333] The 2×996+484-tone MRU within a 240MHz sub-block consisting of a first 80 MHz frequency sub-block, a second 80 MHz frequency sub-block, and a third 80 MHz frequency sub-block, and the 2×996+484-tone MRU within a 240MHz sub-block consisting of a second 80 MHz frequency sub-block, a third 80 MHz frequency sub-block, and a fourth 80 MHz frequency sub-block (wherein, the pattern of the 2×996+484-tone MRU is 996-996-484-[gap-484]) (see Table 10 above).

[0334] The first A-MPDU may sequentially include multiple A-MPDU subframes for the first RA, end-of-frame (EOF) padding, multiple A-MPDU subframes for the second RA, and second EOF padding. The first EOF padding and the second EOF padding may have an EOF / tag set to 1 and an MPDU length set to 0.

[0335] The first EOF padding may include information indicating that the multiple A-MPDU subframes for the first RA have ended. The first receiving STA can decode the first EOF padding and know that the decoding of the A-MPDU subframes for its RA is complete, and may not decode the subsequent multiple A-MPDU subframes for the second RA.

[0336] The second EOF padding may include information indicating that the multiple A-MPDU subframes for the second RA have ended. The second receiving STA may skip decoding the multiple A-MPDU subframes for the first RA and decode the first EOF padding (after acknowledging its own RA) to decode the subsequent multiple A-MPDU subframes for the second RA.

[0337] This has the effect of reducing unnecessary time in the decoding process by eliminating the need for the receiving STA to decode subframes that are not set for it (i.e., by eliminating the need to fully decode multiple subframes).

[0338] The second receiving STA can receive block Ack request frames from the sending STA. The second receiving STA can send a block Ack for the first A-MPDU based on the block Ack request frame. If the second receiving STA is a STA receiving low-latency services, the sending STA can send a block Ack request frame, allowing the second receiving STA to receive the block Ack independently.

[0339] Figure 23 This is a flowchart illustrating the process for receiving a multi-RA A-MPDU according to this embodiment.

[0340] Figure 23 The example can be implemented in network environments that support next-generation wireless LAN systems (Ultra-High Reliability (UHR) wireless LAN systems or next-generation Wi-Fi). Next-generation wireless LAN systems are improved versions of the 802.11be system and meet backward compatibility requirements with the 802.11be system.

[0341] Figure 1 The example is executed at a receiving STA that can correspond to at least one station (STA). Figure 14 The sending STA can correspond to an access point (AP).

[0342] This embodiment proposes a method for configuring a multi-RA A-MPDU, which can be sent to two or more STAs using a single A-MPDU to address low-latency services. Specifically, this embodiment proposes a method for configuring the number of RAs that can be included in a multi-RA A-MPDU and the size of the RU to which the multi-RA A-MPDU is allocated, based on the RU allocation subfield of the signal field.

[0343] In step S3510, the first receiving station (STA) and the second receiving STA receive physical layer protocol data units (PPDUs) from the transmitting STA.

[0344] In step S3520, the first receiving STA and the second receiving STA decode the PPDU.

[0345] The PPDU includes a signal field and a first aggregation-MAC protocol data unit (A-MPDU).

[0346] The signal field includes a first resource unit (RU) allocation subfield. The first RU allocation subfield includes information about the number of receiver addresses (RAs) set in the first A-MPDU and the size of the RU or multiple resource unit (MRU) to which the first A-MPDU is allocated.

[0347] The RA set in the first A-MPDU includes a first RA for the first receiving STA and a second RA for the second receiving STA.

[0348] PPDU may also include a second A-MPDU.

[0349] The signal field may also include a second RU allocation subfield. The second RU allocation subfield may include information about the size of the RU or MRU to which the second A-MPDU is allocated.

[0350] The RA set in the second A-MPDU can include only the third RA for the third receiving STA.

[0351] Here, the first A-MPDU can correspond to a multi-RA A-MPDU that has two (or more) RAs and can be sent to two (or more) STAs. The second A-MPDU can correspond to a regular A-MPDU that has only one RA and can be sent to only one STA. That is, the first A-MPDU can be sent to the first receiving STA and the second receiving STA, and the second A-MPDU can be sent to the third receiving STA.

[0352] In other words, this implementation proposes a method for configuring a multi-RA A-MPDU, which can send one A-MPDU to two or more STAs by including two or more RAs in one A-MPDU, thereby enabling faster transmission of low-latency services. Specifically, by defining a neglect value in the newly defined RU allocation subfield, the number of RAs set in the multi-RA A-MPDU and the size of the allocated RU or MRU can be determined, allowing the AP to effectively preemptively transmit (prioritize transmission) low-latency services. This has the effect of more efficiently reducing latency by utilizing A-MPDUs to support differentiated transmission for STAs with different QoS, which is an important transmission technology in Wi-Fi.

[0353] The signal field may also include a station identifier (STA ID) subfield. The STA ID subfield includes the IDs of the first receiving STA through the third receiving STA. In this case, the MAC layer can distinguish and indicate whether the first A-MPDU and the second A-MPDU are existing A-MPDUs or multi-RA A-MPDUs.

[0354] The signal field can include common fields and user fields. Common fields can include a first RU allocation subfield and a second RU allocation subfield. User fields can include a STA ID subfield. The signal field can be either EHT-SIG or UHR-SIG.

[0355] The methods for configuring the first A-MPDU (multi-RA A-MPDU) as the first RU allocation subfield and the second A-MPDU (existing A-MPDU) as the second RU allocation subfield are as follows.

[0356] The bandwidth based on the PPDU is 80 MHz and the 80 MHz includes the first 242-tone RU to the fourth 242-tone RU. An example of configuring the first RU allocation subfield and the second RU allocation subfield is as follows.

[0357] For the first 242-tone RU, based on the value of the first RU allocation subfield being 304, the number of RAs set in the first A-MPDU can be 2, and the RU or MRU to which the first A-MPDU is allocated can be the first 242-tone RU (see Table 10 above).

[0358] For the second 242-tone RU to the fourth 242-tone RU, based on the value of the second RU allocation subfield being 61 to 71, the number of RAs set in the second A-MPDU can be 1, and the RU or MRU to which the second A-MPDU is allocated can be the second 242-tone RU to the fourth 242-tone RU using multi-user-multi-input-multi-output (MU-MIMO) (see...). Figure 1 ).

[0359] The bandwidth of the PPDU is 80 MHz, and the 80 MHz includes a first 484-tone RU, a first 242-tone RU, and a second 242-tone RU. An example of configuring the first RU allocation subfield and the second RU allocation subfield is as follows.

[0360] For the first 484-tone RU, based on the value of the first RU allocation subfield being 306, the number of RAs set in the first A-MPDU can be 2, and the RU or MRU to which the first A-MPDU is allocated can be the first 484-tone RU (see Table 10 above).

[0361] For the first 242-tone RU and the second 242-tone RU, based on the value of the second RU allocation subfield being 61 to 71, the number of RAs set in the second A-MPDU can be 1, and the RU or MRU to which the second A-MPDU is allocated can be the first 242-tone RU and the second 242-tone RU using MU-MIMO (see [link to MU-MIMO]). Figure 14 ).

[0362] The bandwidth of the PPDU is 80 MHz, and the 80 MHz includes a first 484-tone RU, a first 242-tone RU, and a second 242-tone RU. An example of configuring the first RU allocation subfield and the second RU allocation subfield is as follows.

[0363] For the first 242-tone RU, based on the value of the first RU allocation subfield being 305, the number of RAs set in the first A-MPDU can be 3, and the RU or MRU to which the first A-MPDU can be assigned is the first 242-tone RU (see Table 10 above).

[0364] For the first 484-tone RU, based on the value of the second RU allocation subfield being one of 72 to 79, the number of RAs set in the second A-MPDU can be 1, and the RU or MRU to which the second A-MPDU is assigned can be the first 484-tone RU using MU-MIMO (see [link to 484-tone RU]). Figure 1 ).

[0365] For the second 242-tone RU, based on the value of the second RU allocation subfield being one of 61 to 71, the number of RAs set in the second A-MPDU can be 1, and the RU or MRU to which the second A-MPDU is assigned can be the second 242-tone RU using MU-MIMO (see [link to 242-tone RU]). Figure 14 ).

[0366] Based on the fact that the number of RAs set in the first A-MPDU is 3, the RAs set in the first A-MPDU may also include a fourth RA for the fourth receiving STA. The first A-MPDU can be sent to the first receiving STA, the second receiving STA, and the fourth receiving STA.

[0367] As another example, based on the value of the first RU allocation subfield being 312, the number of RAs set in the first A-MPDU can be 2, and the RU or MRU to which the first A-MPDU is allocated can be a 484+242-tone MRU within the first 80 MHz frequency subblock, the second 80 MHz frequency subblock, the third 80 MHz frequency subblock, and the fourth 80 MHz frequency subblock (where the pattern of the 484+242-tone MRU is [gap-242]-242-484) (see Table 10 above).

[0368] As another example, based on the value of the first RU allocation subfield being 363, the number of RAs set in the first A-MPDU can be 3, and the RU or MRU to which the first A-MPDU is allocated can be...

[0369] The 2×996+484-tone MRU within a 240MHz sub-block consisting of a first 80 MHz frequency sub-block, a second 80 MHz frequency sub-block, and a third 80 MHz frequency sub-block, and the 2×996+484-tone MRU within a 240MHz sub-block consisting of a second 80 MHz frequency sub-block, a third 80 MHz frequency sub-block, and a fourth 80 MHz frequency sub-block (wherein, the pattern of the 2×996+484-tone MRU is 996-996-484-[gap-484]) (see Table 10 above).

[0370] The first A-MPDU may sequentially include multiple A-MPDU subframes for the first RA, end-of-frame (EOF) padding, multiple A-MPDU subframes for the second RA, and second EOF padding. The first EOF padding and the second EOF padding may have an EOF / tag set to 1 and an MPDU length set to 0.

[0371] The first EOF padding may include information indicating that the multiple A-MPDU subframes for the first RA have ended. The first receiving STA can decode the first EOF padding and know that the decoding of the A-MPDU subframes for its RA is complete, and may not decode the subsequent multiple A-MPDU subframes for the second RA.

[0372] The second EOF padding may include information indicating that the multiple A-MPDU subframes for the second RA have ended. The second receiving STA may skip decoding the multiple A-MPDU subframes for the first RA and decode the first EOF padding (after acknowledging its own RA) to decode the subsequent multiple A-MPDU subframes for the second RA.

[0373] This has the effect of reducing unnecessary time in the decoding process by eliminating the need for the receiving STA to decode subframes that are not set for it (i.e., by eliminating the need to fully decode multiple subframes).

[0374] The second receiving STA can receive block Ack request frames from the sending STA. The second receiving STA can send a block Ack for the first A-MPDU based on the block Ack request frame. If the second receiving STA is a STA receiving low-latency services, the sending STA can send a block Ack request frame, allowing the second receiving STA to receive the block Ack independently.

[0375] <Device Structure>

[0376] The technical features of this disclosure can be applied to various apparatuses and methods. For example, they can be used... Figure 1 and / or Figure 1 One or more devices may be used to perform / support the technical features of this disclosure. For example, the technical features of this disclosure may be applied only to... Figure 11 and / or Figure 1 Part of it. For example, the technical features of this disclosure may be based on Figure 11 Implemented using processing chips 114 and 124, or based on ​ The apparatus according to this disclosure may be implemented using processors 111 and 121 and memories 112 and 122, or based on processor 610 and memory 620. For example, the apparatus may receive physical layer protocol data units (PPDUs) from a transmitting station (STA) and decode the PPDUs.

[0377] The technical features of this disclosure can be implemented based on a computer-readable medium (CRM). For example, the CRM according to this disclosure is at least one computer-readable medium including instructions designed to be executed by at least one processor.

[0378] The CRM can store instructions to perform the following operations: receiving Physical Layer Protocol Data Units (PPDUs) from a transmitting station (STA); and decoding PPDUs. At least one processor can execute the instructions stored in the CRM according to this disclosure. The at least one processor associated with the CRM of this disclosure can be... ​ Processors 111, 121, ​ Processing chips 114, 124 or ​ The processor 610. Meanwhile, the CRM disclosed herein can be... ​ Memory 112, 122, ​ The memory 620 or a separate external memory / storage medium / disk.

[0379] The aforementioned technical features in this specification are applicable to various applications or business models. For example, the aforementioned technical features can be applied to wireless communication in devices that support artificial intelligence (AI).

[0380] Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the field of research concerning artificial intelligence or the methods used to create it, while machine learning refers to the field of research concerning methods for defining and solving various problems within the field of AI. Machine learning is also defined as an algorithm that improves operational performance through stable operational experience.

[0381] Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are models used in machine learning, and can refer to models that solve problems in general, including artificial neurons (nodes) that form a network by combining synapses. An artificial neural network can be defined by the connection patterns between neurons in different layers, the learning process that updates model parameters, and the activation function that generates the output value.

[0382] An artificial neural network may include an input layer, an output layer, and optionally one or more hidden layers. Each layer includes one or more neurons, and the artificial neural network may include synapses connecting the neurons. In an artificial neural network, each neuron can output the function value of an activation function of the input signal input through synapses, weights, and biases.

[0383] Model parameters refer to the parameters determined through learning, and include the weights of synaptic connections and the biases of neurons. Hyperparameters refer to the parameters that are set before learning in a machine learning algorithm, and include the learning rate, number of iterations, minimum batch size, and initialization function.

[0384] Learning artificial neural networks may aim to determine model parameters used to minimize a loss function. The loss function can be used as a metric for determining the optimal model parameters during the learning process of an artificial neural network.

[0385] Machine learning can be divided into supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning.

[0386] Supervised learning refers to the method of training an artificial neural network using labels provided for the training data. When the training data is input into the artificial neural network, the labels indicate the correct answer (or result value) that the network should infer. Unsupervised learning refers to the method of training an artificial neural network without providing labels for the training data. Reinforcement learning can be a training method used to train an agent defined in an environment to select actions or sequences of actions to maximize the cumulative reward in each state.

[0387] Machine learning implemented using deep neural networks (DNNs) with multiple hidden layers is called deep learning, and deep learning is a part of machine learning. In the following text, machine learning is interpreted as including deep learning.

[0388] The aforementioned technical features can be applied to wireless communication for robots.

[0389] A robot can be defined as a machine that automatically processes or operates a given task using its own capabilities. In particular, a robot that has the ability to recognize its environment and make autonomous judgments to perform operations can be called an intelligent robot.

[0390] Depending on their application or field, robots can be categorized into industrial, medical, household, and military robots, among others. Robots can include actuators or drives that include motors to perform various physical operations, such as moving robot joints. Additionally, mobile robots can include wheels, brakes, propellers, etc., in their drives to move on the ground or fly in the air.

[0391] The aforementioned technical features can be applied to devices that support extended reality.

[0392] Extended reality is collectively referred to as virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR). VR technology is a computer graphics technology that provides real-world objects and backgrounds only in CG images; AR technology is a computer graphics technology that provides virtual CG images on top of real object images; and MR technology is a computer graphics technology that provides virtual objects that are mixed and combined with the real world.

[0393] MR technology is similar to AR technology in that it can display real and virtual objects together. However, in AR technology, virtual objects are used as a supplement to real objects, while in MR technology, virtual and real objects are used as equals.

[0394] XR technology can be applied to head-mounted displays (HMDs), head-up displays (HUDs), mobile phones, tablets, laptops, desktop computers, televisions, digital signage, and more. Devices that utilize XR technology can be referred to as XR devices.

[0395] The claims disclosed in this specification can be combined in various ways. For example, the technical features in the method claims of this specification can be combined to be implemented as a device, and the technical features in the device claims of this specification can be combined to be implemented by a method. Furthermore, the technical features in the method claims and device claims of this specification can be combined to be implemented as a device, and the technical features in the method claims and device claims of this specification can be combined to be implemented by a method.

Claims

1. A method in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system, the method comprising the following steps: The first receiving station (STA) and the second receiving station (STA) receive Physical Layer Protocol Data Units (PPDUs) from the transmitting station (STA). as well as The PPDU is decoded by the first receiving STA and the second receiving STA. The PPDU includes a signal field and a first aggregation-MAC protocol data unit (A-MPDU). The signal field includes a first resource unit (RU) allocation subfield. The first RU allocation subfield includes information about the number of receiver addresses (RAs) set in the first A-MPDU and the size of the RU or multiple resource unit (MRU) to which the first A-MPDU is allocated. The RA set in the first A-MPDU includes a first RA for the first receiving STA and a second RA for the second receiving STA.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The PPDU also includes a second A-MPDU. The signal field further includes a second RU allocation subfield. The second RU allocation subfield includes information about the size of the RU or MRU to which the second A-MPDU is allocated, and The RA set in the second A-MPDU includes only the third RA for the third receiving STA.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein, The first A-MPDU is sent to the first receiving STA and the second receiving STA. The second A-MPDU is sent to the third receiving STA.

4. The method according to claim 2, wherein, The signal field also includes a station identifier (STA ID) subfield. The STA ID subfield includes the IDs of the first receiving STA to the third receiving STA.

5. The method according to claim 2, wherein, Based on the PPDU having a bandwidth of 80 MHz, and the 80 MHz including the first 242-tone RU to the fourth 242-tone RU, Specifically, for the first 242-tone RU, based on the value of the first RU allocation subfield being 304, the number of RAs set in the first A-MPDU is 2, and the RU or MRU to which the first A-MPDU is allocated is the first 242-tone RU. Specifically, for the second 242-tone RU to the fourth 242-tone RU, based on the value of the second RU allocation subfield being 61 to 71, the number of RAs set in the second A-MPDU is 1, and the RU or MRU to which the second A-MPDU is allocated is the second 242-tone RU to the fourth 242-tone RU using multi-user-multi-input-multi-output MU-MIMO.

6. The method according to claim 2, wherein, Based on the PPDU having a bandwidth of 80 MHz, and the 80 MHz including a first 484-tone RU, a first 242-tone RU, and a second 242-tone RU, Specifically, for the first 484-tone RU, based on the value of the first RU allocation subfield being 306, the number of RAs set in the first A-MPDU is 2, and the RU or MRU to which the first A-MPDU is allocated is the first 484-tone RU. Specifically, for the first 242-tone RU and the second 242-tone RU, based on the value of the second RU allocation subfield being 61 to 71, the number of RAs set in the second A-MPDU is 1, and the RU or MRU to which the second A-MPDU is allocated is the first 242-tone RU and the second 242-tone RU using MU-MIMO.

7. The method according to claim 2, wherein, Based on the PPDU having a bandwidth of 80 MHz, and the 80 MHz including a first 484-tone RU, a first 242-tone RU, and a second 242-tone RU, Specifically, for the first 242-tone RU, based on the value of the first RU allocation subfield being 305, the number of RAs set in the first A-MPDU is 3, and the RU or MRU to which the first A-MPDU is allocated is the first 242-tone RU. Specifically, for the first 484-tone RU, based on the value of the second RU allocation subfield being one of 72 to 79, the number of RAs set in the second A-MPDU is 1, and the RU or MRU to which the second A-MPDU is allocated is the first 484-tone RU using MU-MIMO. Specifically, for the second 242-tone RU, based on the value of the second RU allocation subfield being one of 61 to 71, the number of RAs set in the second A-MPDU is 1, and the RU or MRU to which the second A-MPDU is allocated is the second 242-tone RU using MU-MIMO.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein, Based on the fact that the number of RAs set in the first A-MPDU is three, the RAs set in the first A-MPDU also include a fourth RA for the fourth receiving STA. The first A-MPDU is sent to the first receiving STA, the second receiving STA, and the fourth receiving STA.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The first A-MPDU sequentially includes multiple A-MPDU subframes for the first RA, first frame end-of-frame (EOF) padding, multiple A-MPDU subframes for the second RA, and second EOF padding. The first EOF padding includes information indicating that the plurality of A-MPDU subframes for the first RA have ended. The second EOF padding includes information indicating that the plurality of A-MPDU subframes for the second RA have ended.

10. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the following step: The second receiving STA receives a block Ack request frame from the sending STA; The second receiving STA sends a block Ack for the first A-MPDU based on the block Ack request frame.

11. A first receiving station (STA) and a second receiving STA in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system, wherein the first receiving STA and the second receiving STA include: Memory; transceiver; as well as A processor, operatively connected to the memory and the transceiver, The processor is configured as follows: Receive Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) from the transmitting STA; and Decode the PPDU. The PPDU includes a signal field and a first aggregation-MAC protocol data unit (A-MPDU). The signal field includes a first resource unit (RU) allocation subfield. The first RU allocation subfield includes information about the number of receiver addresses (RAs) set in the first A-MPDU and the size of the RU or multiple resource unit (MRU) to which the first A-MPDU is allocated. The RA set in the first A-MPDU includes a first RA for the first receiving STA and a second RA for the second receiving STA.

12. A method in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system, the method comprising the following steps: The Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) is generated by the transmitting station (STA). as well as The PPDU is sent by the transmitting STA to the first receiving STA and the second receiving STA. The PPDU includes a signal field and a first aggregation-MAC protocol data unit (A-MPDU). The signal field includes a first resource unit (RU) allocation subfield. The first RU allocation subfield includes information about the number of receiver addresses (RAs) set in the first A-MPDU and the size of the RU or multiple resource unit (MRU) to which the first A-MPDU is allocated. The RA set in the first A-MPDU includes a first RA for the first receiving STA and a second RA for the second receiving STA.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein, The PPDU also includes a second A-MPDU. The signal field further includes a second RU allocation subfield. The second RU allocation subfield includes information about the size of the RU or MRU to which the second A-MPDU is allocated, and The RA set in the second A-MPDU includes only the third RA for the third receiving STA.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein, The first A-MPDU is sent to the first receiving STA and the second receiving STA. The second A-MPDU is sent to the third receiving STA.

15. The method according to claim 13, wherein, The signal field also includes a station identifier (STA ID) subfield. The STA ID subfield includes the IDs of the first receiving STA to the third receiving STA.

16. The method according to claim 13, wherein, Based on the PPDU having a bandwidth of 80 MHz, and the 80 MHz including the first 242-tone RU to the fourth 242-tone RU, Specifically, for the first 242-tone RU, based on the value of the first RU allocation subfield being 304, the number of RAs set in the first A-MPDU is 2, and the RU or MRU to which the first A-MPDU is allocated is the first 242-tone RU. Specifically, for the second 242-tone RU to the fourth 242-tone RU, based on the value of the second RU allocation subfield being 61 to 71, the number of RAs set in the second A-MPDU is 1, and the RU or MRU to which the second A-MPDU is allocated is the second 242-tone RU to the fourth 242-tone RU using multi-user-multi-input-multi-output MU-MIMO.

17. The method according to claim 13, wherein, Based on the PPDU having a bandwidth of 80 MHz, and the 80 MHz including a first 484-tone RU, a first 242-tone RU, and a second 242-tone RU, Specifically, for the first 484-tone RU, based on the value of the first RU allocation subfield being 306, the number of RAs set in the first A-MPDU is 2, and the RU or MRU to which the first A-MPDU is allocated is the first 484-tone RU. Specifically, for the first 242-tone RU and the second 242-tone RU, based on the value of the second RU allocation subfield being 61 to 71, the number of RAs set in the second A-MPDU is 1, and the RU or MRU to which the second A-MPDU is allocated is the first 242-tone RU and the second 242-tone RU using MU-MIMO.

18. A transmitting station (STA) in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system, the transmitting STA comprising: Memory; transceiver; as well as A processor, operatively connected to the memory and the transceiver, The processor is configured as follows: Generate Physical Layer Protocol Data Units (PPDUs); and The PPDU is sent to the first receiving STA and the second receiving STA. The PPDU includes a signal field and a first aggregation-MAC protocol data unit (A-MPDU). The signal field includes a first resource unit (RU) allocation subfield. The first RU allocation subfield includes information about the number of receiver addresses (RAs) set in the first A-MPDU and the size of the RU or multiple resource unit (MRU) to which the first A-MPDU is allocated. The RA set in the first A-MPDU includes a first RA for the first receiving STA and a second RA for the second receiving STA.

19. A computer-readable medium comprising instructions executable by at least one processor and performing a method comprising the following steps: Receive Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) from the transmitting station STA; and Decode the PPDU. in, The PPDU includes a signal field and a first aggregation-MAC protocol data unit (A-MPDU). The signal field includes a first resource unit (RU) allocation subfield. The first RU allocation subfield includes information about the number of receiver addresses (RAs) set in the first A-MPDU and the size of the RU or multiple resource unit (MRU) to which the first A-MPDU is allocated. The RA set in the first A-MPDU includes a first RA for the first receiving STA and a second RA for the second receiving STA.

20. An apparatus in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system, the apparatus comprising: Memory; as well as A processor, operatively connected to the memory, The processor is configured as follows: Receive Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) from the transmitting station STA; and Decode the PPDU. The PPDU includes a signal field and a first aggregation-MAC protocol data unit (A-MPDU). The signal field includes a first resource unit (RU) allocation subfield. The first RU allocation subfield includes information about the number of receiver addresses (RAs) set in the first A-MPDU and the size of the RU or multiple resource unit (MRU) to which the first A-MPDU is allocated. The RA set in the first A-MPDU includes a first RA for the first receiving STA and a second RA for the second receiving STA.

Images