Centering rotary feeding device

Abstract

The invention discloses a centering rotary feeding device, belongs to the technical application field of numerical control inverted lathes, and is used for solving the feeding problem of a large inverted lathe. The device comprises a rotary feeding device and a workpiece centering device, the rotary feeding device is based on a rotary base, longitudinal movement of a sliding seat is achieved through a linear rail and a driving system, a feeding table is driven to rotate by 360 degrees in cooperation with a rotary bearing with a gear ring, and the feeding table is provided with a self-adaptive material table; the workpiece centering device is based on the centering base, the left centering arm and the right centering arm are driven by the bidirectional driving system to move synchronously, and quenching pads on the inner sides of the centering arms are arranged in a V shape to achieve automatic centering of workpieces. The device is made of cast iron materials, so that the rigidity is improved, the maximum bearing capacity is 3200 Kg, the feeding stroke is not smaller than 2500 mm, self-adaptive clamping and precise centering of workpieces can be achieved, the machining auxiliary time is saved, support is provided for development of large inverted lathes, and the device can also be used for other equipment needing feeding and discharging of heavy workpieces.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of feeding device technology, and specifically to a centering rotary feeding device. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of CNC inverted lathe technology application, with the increasing demand for large workpiece processing in industrial production, the development of inverted lathes towards larger sizes has become a trend. However, the chuck of large inverted lathes is located above the machine tool, and traditional hoisting and loading methods cannot complete the workpiece clamping. The problem of workpiece feeding and loading has become the core bottleneck restricting its large-scale development.

[0003] Currently, the main mechanisms used for loading inverted lathes in the industry are industrial robots and gantry robots. However, these devices generally have the disadvantages of light load and short stroke. They can only be used for loading small-sized and light-weight workpieces and cannot meet the loading needs of large-sized and heavy-weight workpieces (such as those weighing over 3000 kg and requiring long-stroke conveying). This has hindered the research and development and application of large inverted lathes and made it difficult to match the processing scenarios of large workpieces in industrial production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a centering rotary loading device for loading and unloading operations of a CNC inverted lathe, including a rotary loading device and a workpiece centering device.

[0005] The rotary feeding device includes a rotary base, a slide, a rotary feeding platform, at least two adaptive feeding platforms, a feeding platform moving support rail, a feeding platform linear drive system, a rotary bearing with a gear ring, and a feeding platform rotary drive system as basic components.

[0006] The workpiece centering device includes a centering base as a basic component, a transverse slide saddle, a transverse support rail, a transverse drive system, a right slide plate, a left slide plate, a longitudinal support rail, a bidirectional drive system, a right centering arm, a left centering arm, and a quenching pad.

[0007] The moving support rail of the loading platform is installed on the rotary base. The slide is slidably connected to the moving support rail of the loading platform. The linear drive system of the loading platform is connected to the slide to drive the slide to move longitudinally along the moving support rail of the loading platform.

[0008] A slewing bearing with a gear ring is mounted on the top of the slide. The slewing loading platform is connected to the slide via the slewing bearing with a gear ring. The slewing drive system of the loading platform meshes with the gear ring of the slewing bearing with a gear ring to drive the slewing loading platform to rotate 360°. The adaptive loading platform is mounted on the upper surface of the slewing loading platform.

[0009] The transverse support rail is installed on the centering base, the transverse saddle is slidably connected to the transverse support rail, and the transverse drive system is driven to drive the transverse saddle to move laterally along the transverse support rail.

[0010] The longitudinal support rails are symmetrically installed on the top of the transverse slide saddle. The right slide plate and the left slide plate are slidably connected to the two sets of longitudinal support rails respectively. The bidirectional drive system is connected to the right slide plate and the left slide plate respectively to drive them to move inward or outward along the longitudinal support rails at the same time.

[0011] The right centering arm and the left centering arm are respectively installed on the top of the right slide and the left slide, and the quenching pad is installed on the inner side of the right centering arm and the left centering arm.

[0012] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the rotary feeding device further includes a connecting plate, one end of which is connected to a rotary bearing with a toothed ring, and the other end is fixedly connected to the rotary feeding platform, so as to realize the fixed assembly of the rotary feeding platform and the rotary bearing with a toothed ring.

[0013] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the rotary feeding device further includes a braking device, which is fixed on the slide. The braking end of the braking device can abut against the rotary feeding table to lock the rotary feeding table when it does not need to rotate.

[0014] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the rotary feeding device further includes an encoder base, an encoder, and a cover plate; the encoder base is fixed to the center of the rotary feeding platform, the encoder is installed on the encoder base and linked with the rotary feeding platform to detect and control the angular position of the rotary feeding platform; the cover plate is placed on the outside of the encoder to protect the encoder.

[0015] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the slewing base, the sliding base, the centering base, and the transverse sliding saddle are all made of cast iron.

[0016] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the linear drive system of the loading platform drives the slide to move longitudinally for a stroke of not less than 2500mm to meet the loading and unloading stroke requirements of large parts.

[0017] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the adaptive material platform includes a support plate, an elastic floating component, and an angle adjustment component;

[0018] The support plate is connected to the rotary loading table through an elastic floating component to enable the support plate to float in the vertical direction; the angle adjustment component is set between the support plate and the rotary loading table to drive the support plate to tilt within a preset angle range to ensure that the workpiece is in position when it contacts the axial positioning surface of the inverted lathe chuck.

[0019] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the rotary drive system of the loading platform includes a servo motor, a reduction gearbox, and a drive gear;

[0020] The output end of the servo motor is connected to the input end of the gearbox, and the output end of the gearbox is connected to the drive gear. The drive gear meshes with the gear ring of the rotary bearing with a gear ring to precisely drive the rotary loading table to rotate.

[0021] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the bidirectional drive system includes a bidirectional ball screw, two screw nuts, and a drive motor; the two ends of the bidirectional ball screw have opposite thread directions, the two screw nuts are respectively engaged with the two ends of the bidirectional ball screw, and the two screw nuts are respectively fixedly connected to the right slide plate and the left slide plate; the output end of the drive motor is connected to the bidirectional ball screw to drive the bidirectional ball screw to rotate, thereby realizing the synchronous reverse or same-direction movement of the right slide plate and the left slide plate.

[0022] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the quenching pads on each centering arm are arranged in a V-shape so as to form a positioning clamp for the workpiece through the V-shaped structure, thereby realizing the automatic centering function of the workpiece.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] The major components of the device (such as the slewing base, slide, centering base, and transverse slide) are made of cast iron, which has the advantages of good rigidity and small deformation. The maximum load capacity can reach 3200Kg, which can stably adapt to the loading and unloading of large and heavy workpieces and solve the problem of insufficient load capacity of traditional loading mechanisms.

[0025] Long stroke adaptability: The loading platform is connected to the linear drive system and the moving support rail of the loading platform. The longitudinal movement stroke is not less than 2500mm, which can meet the long-distance loading and unloading needs of large parts. It breaks through the limitation of small stroke of traditional loading mechanisms and has a wider range of adaptability.

[0026] Automatic centering function: In the workpiece centering device, quenching pads arranged in a V-shape are installed on the inner sides of the right centering arm and the left centering arm. The left and right slides are driven to move synchronously through a bidirectional drive system, which can realize automatic centering and positioning of the workpiece, ensure the positional accuracy of the workpiece during clamping, reduce manual adjustment time, and improve loading efficiency.

[0027] Adaptive clamping: The rotary loading table is equipped with an adaptive loading table that includes an elastic floating component and an angle adjustment component, which can achieve vertical floating and tilting within a preset angle range. When the workpiece contacts the axial positioning surface of the inverted lathe chuck, the workpiece posture can be adaptively adjusted to meet the position requirements of the workpiece chuck clamping and avoid damage to the workpiece or chuck caused by hard contact.

[0028] Reduce auxiliary time: The rotary loading table, through the rotary drive system and the rotary bearing with gear ring, can achieve 360° rotation. It can flexibly adjust the workpiece position according to the processing requirements without the need for additional adjustment of the machine tool or workpiece position, which greatly saves the auxiliary time of machining and improves the overall processing efficiency.

[0029] Technical support and expanded applications: This device provides key material loading technology support for the development of large inverted lathes, solving the core bottleneck of its large-scale development; at the same time, its structural design is versatile and can be widely used in other machining equipment that requires loading and unloading of large and heavy workpieces, thus expanding the application scenarios of the device.

[0030] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a planar schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 For the present invention along Figure 1 A sectional view along the B direction. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0034] Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the invention, and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0035] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0036] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0037] This invention provides a centering rotary loading device for loading and unloading operations on CNC inverted lathes. It specifically addresses the problem of clamping large, heavy workpieces (weighing up to 3200 kg) using traditional loading mechanisms. The core of this device lies in the synergistic design of a rotary loading device and a workpiece centering device, achieving high load capacity, long stroke, automatic centering, and adaptive clamping. This provides key technical support for the large-scale development of large inverted lathes. Its overall structure is as follows:

[0038] The rotary loading device includes a rotary base 11 as a basic component, a slide 18, a rotary loading platform 12, at least two adaptive loading platforms 13, a loading platform moving support rail 16, a loading platform linear drive system 17, a rotary bearing 110 with a gear ring, and a loading platform rotary drive system 15. The rotary base 11 serves as the installation and load-bearing foundation for the entire rotary loading device and must possess sufficient rigidity to support the weight of all subsequent components and workpieces. The slide 18, as the core load-bearing component for longitudinal movement, is directly related to the stability of workpiece conveying. The rotary loading platform 12 is the direct load-bearing platform for the workpieces, and its structural strength determines the device's adaptability to heavy workpieces. Force; the adaptive loading table 13 is the key to realizing the adaptive docking of the workpiece and the lathe chuck, which can solve the positional deviation problem caused by the hard contact between the workpiece and the chuck during traditional loading; the loading table moving support linear guide 16 provides guidance for the longitudinal movement of the slide 18 to ensure the movement accuracy; the loading table linear drive system 17 provides power for the movement of the slide 18 and determines the size of the loading stroke; the slewing bearing 110 with a gear ring is the core transmission component for the 360° rotation of the rotary loading table 12, taking into account both load-bearing and transmission functions; the loading table rotary drive system 15 provides precise power for the rotation of the rotary loading table 12 and can flexibly adjust the workpiece position to save machining auxiliary time.

[0039] The workpiece alignment device includes an alignment base 21 as a basic component, a transverse slide 25, a transverse support rail 23, a transverse drive system 22, a right slide plate 24, a left slide plate 28, a longitudinal support rail 211, a bidirectional drive system 26, a right alignment arm 27, a left alignment arm 210, and a hardening pad 29. The alignment base 21 serves as the mounting foundation for the workpiece alignment device and must ensure sufficient stability to prevent displacement during the alignment process. The transverse slide 25 can drive the entire alignment mechanism to move laterally, adapting to the alignment requirements of workpieces of different sizes. The transverse support rail 23 provides guidance for the movement of the transverse slide 25, ensuring lateral movement accuracy. The transverse drive system 22 drives the movement of the transverse slide 25. The power source provides lateral position adjustment for the centering mechanism; the right slide plate 24 and the left slide plate 28 drive the corresponding centering arms to move, and are the direct execution components for centering; the longitudinal support rail 211 provides guidance for the longitudinal movement of the left and right slide plates, ensuring the synchronicity and accuracy of the movement of the left and right slide plates during centering; the bidirectional drive system 26 can drive the left and right slide plates to move inward or outward simultaneously, and is the core power component for achieving automatic centering; the right centering arm 27 and the left centering arm 210 are in direct contact with the workpiece, and their structural design must be adapted to the shape of the workpiece; the quenching pad 29 is installed on the inner side of the centering arm, and the quenching process is used to improve wear resistance and extend the service life of the components, while achieving workpiece centering through a specific arrangement.

[0040] The moving support rail 16 of the loading table is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the rotary base 11 by bolts, and the extension direction of the rail is consistent with the loading and unloading direction of the CNC inverted lathe, ensuring that the moving path of the slide 18 corresponds precisely to the position of the lathe chuck. The bottom of the slide 18 is provided with a slider that matches the moving support rail 16 of the loading table. The slider and the rail are slidably connected, which can reduce the frictional resistance when the slide 18 moves and improve the smoothness and accuracy of the movement. The linear drive system 17 of the loading table adopts a transmission structure of servo motor and ball screw. The motor is fixed to one end of the rotary base 11, and the ball screw is connected to the rotary base 11 through a bearing seat. The screw nut is fixed to the connecting seat at the bottom of the slide 18. When the servo motor drives the ball screw to rotate, the screw nut drives the slide 18 to move longitudinally along the moving support rail 16 of the loading table. This transmission method can achieve precise positioning of the slide 18, while ensuring stability during the movement process, avoiding shaking when transporting heavy workpieces, thereby improving the safety and reliability of loading and unloading.

[0041] A rotary bearing 110 with a gear ring is bolted to the top center of the slide 18. Its outer ring is fixed to the slide 18, while its inner ring can rotate relative to the outer ring. The bottom center of the rotary loading platform 12 is connected to the inner ring of the rotary bearing 110 with a gear ring, allowing the rotary loading platform 12 to rotate synchronously with the inner ring. The rotary drive system 15 is fixedly mounted on one side of the top of the slide 18. Its output end is equipped with a drive gear, which meshes with the gear ring of the outer ring of the rotary bearing 110. When the drive system is started, the drive gear drives the gear ring to rotate, thereby driving the rotary loading platform 12 to achieve a 360° continuous rotation. The design allows for flexible adjustment of the workpiece's angular position according to the processing requirements of the CNC inverted lathe, eliminating the need for manual workpiece rotation or machine tool position adjustment. This significantly reduces the time required for workpiece orientation adjustment before clamping and improves processing efficiency. The adaptive feed tables 13 are symmetrically mounted on both sides of the upper plane of the rotary feed table 12 via bolts. The distance between the two adaptive feed tables 13 can be adjusted according to the length or diameter of the workpiece, ensuring the balance of the workpiece during placement and avoiding the risk of tilting or falling of heavy workpieces due to center of gravity shift. At the same time, the top of the adaptive feed table 13 is equipped with anti-slip textures, which can increase the friction between the workpiece and the feed table, further improving the stability of workpiece placement.

[0042] The transverse support rail 23 is bolted to the upper surface of the centering base 21. Its extension direction is perpendicular to the direction of the moving support rail 16 of the loading table, forming a cross-shaped movement dimension of "transverse + longitudinal", expanding the adaptability range of the centering mechanism. The bottom of the transverse slide saddle 25 is provided with a slider that matches the transverse support rail 23. The slider is slidably connected to the rail to ensure the accuracy and smoothness of the transverse slide saddle 25 when moving laterally. The transverse drive system 22 adopts a transmission structure of servo motor and ball screw. The motor is fixed to one side of the centering base 21, and the ball screw is connected to the centering base 21 through a bearing seat. The screw nut is fixed to the connecting seat at the bottom of the transverse slide saddle 25. When the servo motor drives the ball screw to rotate, the screw nut drives the transverse slide saddle 25 to move laterally along the transverse support rail 23. The transverse position of the centering mechanism can be adjusted according to the width or diameter of the workpiece to ensure that the centering arm can accurately contact the workpiece and improve the centering accuracy.

[0043] The longitudinal support rails 211 are symmetrically bolted to the upper surface of the transverse slide saddle 25. The two sets of rails are arranged in parallel and extend in the same direction as the moving support rails 16 of the loading platform. The bottom of the right slide 24 is provided with a slider that matches one set of longitudinal support rails 211, and the bottom of the left slide 28 is provided with a slider that matches the other set of longitudinal support rails 211. The sliders are slidably connected to the rails to ensure the synchronicity and accuracy of the left and right slides when they move. The bidirectional drive system 26 is fixedly installed at the center of the upper surface of the transverse slide saddle 25 and uses a bidirectional ball screw in conjunction with a servo motor. The structure features a bidirectional ball screw with opposite thread directions at both ends, and both ends are connected to the transverse slide saddle 25 via bearing seats. The two screw nuts are fixed to the bottom connecting seats of the right slide 24 and the left slide 28, respectively. When the servo motor drives the bidirectional ball screw to rotate, due to the opposite thread directions at both ends, the two screw nuts will drive the right slide 24 and the left slide 28 to move inward or outward simultaneously along the longitudinal support rail 211. This design can ensure the synchronicity of the movement of the left and right slides, avoid centering deviation caused by the difference in movement speed on one side, and improve centering efficiency and accuracy.

[0044] The right centering arm 27 is vertically fixed to the top outer side of the right sliding plate 24 by bolts, and the left centering arm 210 is vertically fixed to the top outer side of the left sliding plate 28 by bolts. The two centering arms are at the same height, and their relatively inner surfaces are arc-shaped to accommodate the shape of cylindrical or other arc-shaped workpieces, avoiding scratches on the workpiece surface. The quenching pads 29 are installed on the relatively inner sides of the right centering arm 27 and the left centering arm 210 by bolts. At least two quenching pads 29 are installed on each centering arm, and the quenching pads 29 on the same centering arm are arranged in a V-shape. With the V-shaped opening facing the workpiece, when the right slide plate 24 and the left slide plate 28 move the centering arm inward, the V-shaped quenching pad 29 will form a positioning clamp on the workpiece from both sides. Utilizing the centering principle of the V-shaped structure, the center of the workpiece is automatically adjusted to the preset centering position without manual adjustment, greatly improving centering efficiency and accuracy. At the same time, the quenching pad 29 is treated with a quenching process, and the surface hardness can reach HRC55-60. It has strong wear resistance and can withstand the clamping force of the workpiece for a long time without wear, extending the service life of the component and reducing maintenance costs.

[0045] Furthermore, the rotary loading device also includes a connecting plate 19, which is made of high-strength alloy steel plate. Its thickness is designed according to the maximum load-bearing weight of the device (ensuring that it can withstand the weight of a 3200Kg workpiece). The lower surface of the connecting plate 19 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the inner ring of the rotary bearing 110 with a toothed ring by bolts, and the upper surface is fixedly connected to the center position of the lower surface of the rotary loading platform 12 by bolts. This design can increase the connection area between the rotary loading platform 12 and the rotary bearing 110, improve the connection strength and stability, and prevent the connection between the rotary loading platform 12 and the rotary bearing 110 from loosening due to excessive workpiece weight. This prevents the workpiece from tilting or falling during rotation, improves the load-bearing capacity and safety of the device, and the flatness of the connecting plate 19 is precisely machined to ensure the levelness of the rotary loading platform 12 after installation, preventing the workpiece from being placed unstable due to installation tilt.

[0046] Furthermore, the rotary loading device also includes a braking device 111, which is an electromagnetic brake. Its stator is fixed to one side of the top of the slide block 18 by bolts and is located adjacent to the rotary drive system 15 of the loading platform. The rotor is fixedly connected to the lower edge of the rotary loading platform 12 by bolts. When the rotary loading platform 12 rotates to the preset angular position, the electromagnetic brake is energized, the stator and rotor are attracted, and the rotary loading platform 12 is locked by friction to prevent it from rotating accidentally during workpiece clamping or conveying, ensuring the workpiece position accuracy, avoiding the deviation between the workpiece and the lathe chuck due to the shaking of the rotary loading platform 12, and improving the loading and unloading accuracy and safety. When it is necessary to adjust the position of the rotary loading platform 12, the electromagnetic brake is de-energized, the stator and rotor are separated, and the rotary loading platform 12 can rotate normally. The operation is convenient and the response is fast.

[0047] Furthermore, the rotary loading device also includes an encoder base 112, an encoder 113, and a cover plate 114. The encoder base 112 is made of cast iron and is bolted to the center edge of the rotary loading table 12. It has an internal mounting cavity to accommodate the encoder 113. The encoder 113 is an absolute encoder, and its body is bolted to the mounting cavity of the encoder base 112. Its output shaft is connected to a rotating shaft on the side of the rotary loading table 12 via a coupling. When the rotary loading table 12 rotates, the rotating shaft drives the output shaft of the encoder 113 to rotate synchronously. The encoder 113 converts the angular position signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the CNC system. The system monitors and controls the angular position of the rotary loading table 12 in real time based on the signal to achieve precise positioning with a positioning accuracy of ±0.01°, ensuring that the workpiece can be accurately rotated to the preset clamping position and improving the loading and unloading accuracy. The cover plate 114 is made of steel plate and is fixed to the top of the encoder base 112 by bolts, completely covering the outside of the encoder 113. This prevents impurities such as iron filings and coolant generated during processing from entering the inside of the encoder 113, avoiding damage to the encoder 113 and extending its service life. At the same time, the surface of the cover plate 114 is provided with heat dissipation holes to dissipate the heat generated by the encoder 113 during operation and prevent encoder 113 failure due to overheating.

[0048] Furthermore, the rotating base 11, sliding base 18, centering base 21, and transverse sliding saddle 25 are all made of HT300 gray cast iron. This material has high strength (tensile strength ≥300MPa), high rigidity, good shock absorption, and wear resistance. After being formed by sand casting, it undergoes aging treatment to eliminate internal stress, which can effectively reduce the deformation of components when bearing heavy workpieces and ensure the overall rigidity and stability of the device. Actual testing shows that when the components made of this material bear a 3200Kg workpiece, the maximum deformation does not exceed 0.1mm, which is far below the industry's allowable deformation threshold. This can ensure the positional accuracy of the workpiece during conveying and centering, and avoid loading and unloading deviations caused by component deformation. At the same time, the cost of gray cast iron is relatively low, which can reduce the manufacturing cost of the device and improve the product's cost-effectiveness.

[0049] Furthermore, the linear drive system 17 of the loading platform drives the slide 18 to move longitudinally with a stroke of 2500mm (which can be extended to 3000mm according to actual needs). This stroke covers the loading and unloading distance requirements of mainstream large inverted lathes and can meet the loading and unloading operations of large parts with a length or diameter of less than 2000mm. This solves the limitation that the stroke of traditional industrial robots, gantry manipulators and other loading mechanisms is generally less than 1500mm, and has a wider range of applications. At the same time, the servo motor of the linear drive system 17 of the loading platform adopts a high-power model (power ≥ 5.5KW) and is equipped with a high-precision ball screw (lead ≥ 20mm), which can realize the high-speed movement of the slide 18 (maximum moving speed can reach 500mm / s), improving loading and unloading efficiency and shortening the workpiece conveying time while ensuring load-bearing capacity.

[0050] Furthermore, the adaptive loading platform 13 includes a support plate, an elastic floating component, and an angle adjustment component. The support plate is made of high-strength steel plate, and its upper surface is precision machined to ensure flatness, for directly supporting the workpiece. The elastic floating component includes a guide post, a floating spring, and a limiting sleeve. The guide post is vertically fixed to the upper surface of the rotary loading platform 12, and the limiting sleeve is fixed to the lower surface of the support plate, with the limiting sleeve slidingly engaging with the guide post. The floating spring is sleeved on the outside of the guide post, with its two ends abutting against the upper surface of the rotary loading platform 12 and the lower surface of the support plate, respectively. When the workpiece is placed on the support plate, the floating spring generates a corresponding compression amount according to the weight of the workpiece, causing the support plate to float vertically along the guide post. This automatically adapts to workpieces of different thicknesses and simultaneously buffers the workpiece during placement. The impact force is reduced to avoid surface damage caused by hard contact between the workpiece and the support plate. The angle adjustment component includes an adjustment cylinder and a hinge seat. The hinge seat is fixed to the upper plane of the rotary loading table 12. The cylinder body of the adjustment cylinder is hinged to the hinge seat through a pin, and the piston rod is hinged to the lower plane of the support plate through a pin. By controlling the extension or retraction length of the piston rod of the adjustment cylinder, the support plate can be driven to rotate around the hinge seat, so that the support plate can tilt within a preset angle range of ±5°. When the workpiece contacts the axial positioning surface of the inverted lathe chuck, the end face angle of the workpiece can be adjusted through the angle adjustment component to ensure that the end face of the workpiece is fully in contact with the chuck positioning surface, meet the position requirements of the workpiece chuck clamping, avoid clamping gap caused by end face tilting, and improve clamping accuracy and stability.

[0051] Furthermore, the rotary drive system 15 for the loading platform includes a servo motor, a gearbox, and a drive gear. The servo motor is a model with braking function (power ≥ 3KW), which can automatically brake when power is off to prevent the rotary loading platform 12 from rotating unexpectedly. The gearbox is a planetary gear reducer, whose input end is connected to the output end of the servo motor via a coupling, and its output end is connected to the drive gear via a key. The reduction ratio of the gearbox is designed to be 1:50, which can convert the high speed of the servo motor into the low speed and high torque output of the drive gear, ensuring that the drive gear can drive the rotary bearing 110 with a gear ring and the rotary loading platform 12 (containing 3200Kg). The workpiece rotates smoothly, avoiding rotational jamming caused by insufficient torque. The drive gear is made of 45 steel with a carburized and quenched surface treatment (hardness ≥ HRC50). The tooth surface accuracy is grade 6. The meshing clearance with the gear ring of the rotary bearing 110 with a gear ring is controlled between 0.1-0.2mm, which can reduce the impact and noise during meshing, improve the transmission accuracy and stability, and extend the service life of the gear and gear ring, reducing maintenance costs. Through the cooperation of the servo motor and the gearbox, the rotary loading table 12 can achieve precise speed control (minimum speed up to 1r / min), meeting the orientation adjustment needs under different processing scenarios.

[0052] Furthermore, the bidirectional drive system 26 includes a bidirectional ball screw, two screw nuts, and a drive motor. The bidirectional ball screw is made of 40Cr material, with a surface hardened (hardness ≥ HRC55), and a thread precision of C3 grade. The threads at both ends are opposite in direction (one end is right-handed, and the other end is left-handed). Both ends are connected to bearing seats on the transverse slide saddle 25 via angular contact ball bearings. The angular contact ball bearings can withstand radial and axial forces, ensuring the stability of the bidirectional ball screw during rotation. The two screw nuts respectively mate with the right-hand and left-hand threaded sections of the bidirectional ball screw, and are fixed to the connecting seats at the bottom of the right slide 24 and the left slide 28 by bolts. An elastic washer is installed between the connecting seat and the slide to compensate for installation errors and reduce vibration transmission. The drive motor is a servo motor (power ≥ 2.2KW), whose output end is connected to one end of the bidirectional ball screw via a coupling. The servo motor is equipped with an encoder, which can provide real-time feedback of speed and position signals to achieve closed-loop control. When the drive motor drives the bidirectional ball screw to rotate, the screw nut on the right-hand threaded section drives the right slide plate 24 to move closer to the workpiece, while the screw nut on the left-hand threaded section drives the left slide plate 28 to move synchronously closer to the workpiece, and vice versa. This synchronous drive structure ensures that the clamping force of the left and right centering arms 27 and 210 on the workpiece is uniform, avoiding workpiece deformation due to excessive clamping force on one side. At the same time, it can accurately control the moving distance of the centering arms (control accuracy up to ±0.02mm), meeting the centering requirements of workpieces of different diameters, and covering a wide range of applications. This improves the versatility of the device by adapting the workpiece to the specific requirements.

[0053] Furthermore, the quenching pads 29 on each centering arm are arranged in a V-shape. Specifically, the two quenching pads 29 on the right centering arm 27 are located at the upper and lower parts of the inner side of the centering arm, respectively. The upper quenching pad 29 is tilted 30° to the left, and the lower quenching pad 29 is tilted 30° to the left, forming a V-shaped structure with the opening facing the left. The two quenching pads 29 on the left centering arm 210 are located at the upper and lower parts of the inner side of the centering arm, respectively.

[0054] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A centering rotary loading device, applied to the loading and unloading operations of a CNC inverted lathe, characterized in that, Includes a rotary feeding device and a workpiece centering device; The rotary feeding device includes a rotary base (11) as a basic component, a slide (18), a rotary feeding platform (12), at least two adaptive feeding platforms (13), a feeding platform moving support rail (16), a feeding platform linear drive system (17), a rotary bearing (110) with a toothed ring, and a feeding platform rotary drive system (15). The workpiece centering device includes a centering base (21) as a basic component, a transverse slide saddle (25), a transverse support rail (23), a transverse drive system (22), a right slide plate (24), a left slide plate (28), a longitudinal support rail (211), a bidirectional drive system (26), a right centering arm (27), a left centering arm (210), and a quenching pad (29). The moving support rail (16) of the loading platform is installed on the rotary base (11), the slide (18) is slidably connected to the moving support rail (16), and the linear drive system (17) of the loading platform is connected to the slide (18) to drive the slide (18) to move longitudinally along the moving support rail (16). A rotary bearing (110) with a toothed ring is mounted on the top of the slide (18). The rotary loading platform (12) is connected to the slide (18) through the rotary bearing (110) with a toothed ring. The rotary driving system (15) of the loading platform meshes with the toothed ring of the rotary bearing (110) to drive the rotary loading platform (12) to rotate 360°. The adaptive loading platform (13) is mounted on the upper surface of the rotary loading platform (12). The transverse support rail (23) is installed on the centering base (21), the transverse saddle (25) is slidably connected to the transverse support rail (23), and the transverse drive system (22) is driven to the transverse saddle (25) to drive the transverse saddle (25) to move laterally along the transverse support rail (23). The longitudinal support rails (211) are symmetrically installed on the top of the transverse slide saddle (25). The right slide plate (24) and the left slide plate (28) are slidably connected to the two sets of longitudinal support rails (211) respectively. The bidirectional drive system (26) is connected to the right slide plate (24) and the left slide plate (28) respectively to drive them to move inward or outward along the longitudinal support rails (211) at the same time. The right centering arm (27) and the left centering arm (210) are respectively installed on the top of the right slide plate (24) and the left slide plate (28), and the quenching pad (29) is installed on the inner side of the right centering arm (27) and the left centering arm (210).

2. The centering rotary feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary feeding device also includes a connecting plate (19), one end of which is connected to a rotary bearing (110) with a toothed ring, and the other end is fixedly connected to a rotary feeding platform (12) to achieve fixed assembly of the rotary feeding platform (12) and the rotary bearing (110) with a toothed ring.

3. The centering rotary feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary feeding device also includes a braking device (111), which is fixed on the slide (18). The braking end of the braking device (111) can abut against the rotary feeding table (12) to lock the rotary feeding table (12) when it does not need to rotate.

4. The centering rotary feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary feeding device also includes an encoder base (112), an encoder (113), and a cover plate (114); the encoder base (112) is fixed at the center of the rotary feeding platform (12), the encoder (113) is installed on the encoder base (112) and linked with the rotary feeding platform (12) to detect and control the angular position of the rotary feeding platform (12); the cover plate (114) is placed on the outside of the encoder (113) to protect the encoder (113).

5. The centering rotary feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slewing base (11), slide (18), centering base (21) and transverse slide (25) are all made of cast iron.

6. The centering rotary feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linear drive system (17) of the loading platform drives the slide (18) to move longitudinally for a stroke of not less than 2500mm to meet the loading and unloading stroke requirements of large parts.

7. The centering rotary feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adaptive material platform (13) includes a support plate, an elastic floating component, and an angle adjustment component; The support plate is connected to the rotary loading table (12) through an elastic floating component to realize the floating of the support plate in the vertical direction; the angle adjustment component is set between the support plate and the rotary loading table (12) to drive the support plate to tilt within a preset angle range to ensure that the position of the workpiece is adapted when it contacts the axial positioning surface of the inverted lathe chuck.

8. The centering rotary feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary drive system (15) of the loading platform includes a servo motor, a gearbox and a drive gear; The output end of the servo motor is connected to the input end of the gearbox, the output end of the gearbox is connected to the drive gear, and the drive gear meshes with the gear ring of the rotary bearing (110) with a gear ring to precisely drive the rotary loading table (12) to rotate.

9. The centering rotary feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bidirectional drive system (26) includes a bidirectional ball screw, two screw nuts and a drive motor; the two ends of the bidirectional ball screw have opposite threads, the two screw nuts are respectively engaged with the two ends of the bidirectional ball screw, and the two screw nuts are respectively fixedly connected to the right slide plate (24) and the left slide plate (28); the output end of the drive motor is connected to the bidirectional ball screw to drive the bidirectional ball screw to rotate, so as to realize the synchronous reverse or same-direction movement of the right slide plate (24) and the left slide plate (28).

10. The centering rotary feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The quenching pads (29) on each centering arm are arranged in a V-shape to form a positioning clamp for the workpiece through the V-shaped structure, thereby realizing the automatic centering function of the workpiece.

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