A multi-directional control drilling guide device

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of multi-directional drilling equipment, and provides a multi-directional control drilling guide device, which comprises a barrel shell, a base, a center rod, a connecting rod mechanism, an angle adjusting plate, a linear pushing mechanism, a bottom plate, a connecting plate, a sliding inner barrel and a drilling pressure driving mechanism. The application integrates three functions of rotary drilling, multi-directional guide and reciprocating impact, can realize efficient rock breaking and accurate guidance in complex strata, is especially suitable for hard strata and engineering scenes requiring frequent adjustment of drilling direction, is suitable for various scenes such as mine exploitation and oil extraction, can meet the demand of directional drilling in complex strata, and improves the efficiency of exploitation and oil extraction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of multi-directional drilling equipment, specifically relating to a multi-directional controlled drilling guidance device. Background Technology

[0002] Directional drilling technology is commonly used in mining, oilfield production, and other fields. It involves controlling the direction of the drill bit to reach a predetermined underground target. Directional drilling allows for the effective development of resources where surface and underground conditions are limited, significantly increasing production and reducing costs. It also helps protect the natural environment, resulting in substantial economic and social benefits.

[0003] However, current directional drilling equipment still faces many technical bottlenecks in practical applications, making it difficult to fully adapt to the needs of complex working conditions: First, the angle adjustment accuracy is insufficient. Existing equipment mostly uses a single linkage or hydraulic drive structure, which is prone to trajectory deviation due to transmission gaps and component deformation during angle adjustment, making it difficult to accurately control the drilling direction. This is especially true in heterogeneous rock formations, where deviations are likely to occur, affecting borehole quality and resource extraction efficiency. Second, it has poor adaptability to harsh environments. Dust, rock cuttings, mud, and high-pressure oil and gas during mining can easily penetrate the angle adjustment mechanism inside the equipment, leading to accelerated component wear and transmission jamming. Due to the lack of effective sealing protection for core transmission components, the intrusion of mine dust and oilfield mud not only accelerates component corrosion but also contaminates the lubricating medium, further increasing the risk of equipment failure. Although some equipment is equipped with a protective shell, the shell is too rigid and cannot adapt to the movement of components during angle adjustment, which can easily lead to interference between the protective structure and the moving parts, thus affecting drilling stability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a multi-directional controlled drilling guidance device to solve the problems in the prior art. The technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows:

[0005] A multi-directional control drilling guidance device includes a shell cylinder, a base, a central rod, a linkage mechanism, an angle adjustment plate, a linear push mechanism, a bottom plate, a connecting plate, a sliding inner cylinder, and a drilling pressure drive mechanism;

[0006] The top of the outer shell is fixedly connected to the base, the top of the base is used to connect the drill rod, the inner sliding cylinder is slidably arranged inside the outer shell, the inner sliding cylinder is connected to the drilling pressure drive mechanism, and the bottom of the inner sliding cylinder is fixedly connected to the base plate.

[0007] A first driving device is installed on the base. The output end of the first driving device is connected to the top of the center rod. The bottom of the center rod passes through the base plate and is connected to the connecting plate. The center rod is rotatably connected to the base plate. The connecting plate is rotatably connected to the angle adjustment plate. The bottom of the connecting plate is used to fix and connect the drill bit.

[0008] The linear push mechanism is installed inside the sliding inner cylinder. The output end of the linear push mechanism passes through the bottom plate and is connected to the linkage mechanism. The linkage mechanism is connected to the angle adjustment plate.

[0009] The central rod is used to drive the connecting plate and the drill bit to rotate. The linear push mechanism is used to extend and retract and adjust the angle of the angle adjustment plate and the drill bit through the linkage mechanism, so that the drill bit can realize the function of multi-directional drilling. The drilling pressure drive mechanism is used to push the sliding inner cylinder to move up and down reciprocally, so that the drill bit can realize the impact function during drilling.

[0010] Furthermore, the top of the connecting plate is provided with a protrusion, the angle adjustment plate has an annular structure, the protrusion passes through the hollow part of the angle adjustment plate, and the top of the protrusion is connected to the bottom of the center rod through a universal joint.

[0011] Furthermore, the drilling pressure drive mechanism includes a rotating plate, mating components, an intermediate plate, and a drive shaft;

[0012] The output end of the first driving device is fixedly connected to the driving shaft, and a spline hole is provided in the driving shaft. The top of the center rod is disposed in the spline shaft and splinedly engaged. The center rod passes through and spline-connects the rotating plate. The outer side of the rotating plate is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the outer shell of the cylinder. The bottom of the rotating plate is connected to the intermediate plate through the mating component. The intermediate plate is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding inner cylinder. When the rotating plate rotates with the center rod, the intermediate plate and the sliding inner cylinder reciprocate up and down through the mating component.

[0013] Furthermore, the mating components include a rolling component and a wedge block. The rolling component is rotatably disposed at the bottom of the rotating plate, and the wedge block is fixedly connected to the top of the intermediate plate. The rolling component abuts against the wedge block, and the up-and-down reciprocating motion of the sliding inner cylinder is realized by the change in the height of the wedge block. Multiple rolling components and wedge blocks are evenly distributed around the central rod.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a limiting plate, a limiting sleeve, a sealing ring plug, and an elastic ring;

[0015] The outer side of the sliding inner cylinder is provided with an annular groove, and an annular cavity is formed between the annular groove and the inner wall of the outer cylinder shell. The limiting sleeve is provided in the annular cavity and is fixedly sleeved on the sliding inner cylinder. The outer side of the limiting sleeve is provided with a notch. The limiting plate is detachably connected to the outer cylinder shell and is inserted into the notch.

[0016] The top and bottom of the limiting sleeve are respectively provided with the sealing ring plugs, and the elastic rings are respectively provided on the opposite sides of the upper and lower sealing ring plugs.

[0017] Furthermore, the linkage mechanism includes a first bearing housing, a connecting rod, and a second bearing housing;

[0018] The output end of the linear push mechanism is fixedly connected to the first bearing seat, the first bearing seat is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the second bearing seat. The second bearing seat is mounted on the angle adjustment plate. The connecting rod is inclined. The linear push mechanism is used to push the connecting rod to deflect, so as to realize the function of adjusting the angle of the angle adjustment plate.

[0019] Furthermore, the linear push mechanism includes a second drive device, a fixed hollow tube, a main shaft, a sliding rod, and a side protrusion;

[0020] The mounting end of the second drive device is fixedly connected to the intermediate plate. The central rod passes through the intermediate plate and is rotatably connected to the intermediate plate. The output end of the second drive device is fixedly connected to the main shaft. The main shaft is disposed inside the fixed hollow tube. The top of the fixed hollow tube is fixedly connected to the end face of the second drive device. The bottom of the fixed hollow tube is fixedly connected to the base plate. The sliding rod is disposed inside the fixed hollow tube. The top of the sliding rod is threadedly connected to the main shaft. The bottom of the sliding rod passes through the base plate and is fixedly connected to the first bearing seat. The side protrusion is fixedly connected to the side of the sliding rod. A groove is provided on the inner wall of the fixed hollow tube to accommodate the side protrusion, so as to constrain the rotation of the sliding rod.

[0021] Furthermore, multiple linear push mechanisms and linkage mechanisms are provided and evenly distributed around the central rod in the circumferential direction.

[0022] Furthermore, it also includes an elastic cylinder, the top of which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer shell, and the bottom of which is fixedly connected to the angle adjustment plate; the interior of the elastic cylinder, the area above the angle adjustment plate, and the area below the bottom plate form a sealed chamber, and the linkage mechanism is disposed in the sealed chamber; the annular side of the elastic cylinder has a structure with the center concave inward.

[0023] Furthermore, the elastic cylinder includes an upper conical cylinder, an elastic metal rod, a lower conical cylinder, and an annular fixing sleeve;

[0024] The top of the upper cone is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer shell of the cylinder, and the bottom of the lower cone is fixedly connected to the angle adjustment plate. The ends of the upper cone and the lower cone with the smaller inner and outer diameters are arranged opposite each other, and the annular fixing sleeve is sleeved and fixed at the opposite ends of the upper cone and the lower cone.

[0025] The upper cone and the lower cone are respectively provided with corresponding through holes in their walls, and the elastic metal rod is inserted into the through holes of the upper cone and the lower cone.

[0026] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] This invention integrates three functions: rotary drilling, multi-directional guidance, and reciprocating impact drilling. It enables efficient rock breaking and precise guidance in complex formations, and is particularly suitable for hard formations and engineering scenarios requiring frequent adjustments to the drilling direction. It is applicable to various scenarios such as mining and oilfield production, and can meet the directional drilling needs of complex formations, improving mining and oil production efficiency. The integration of various functions reduces equipment investment, results in low energy consumption during operation, and eliminates additional pollutant emissions, achieving low-carbon and environmentally friendly operation, which aligns with the concept of green mining and green oilfield construction. It meets the design standards for energy-saving mining machinery and equipment. Furthermore, it adopts an elastic closed structure to seal the angle adjustment mechanism, effectively preventing dust, rock cuttings, mud, and high-pressure oil and gas generated during the mining process from entering the equipment, reducing the risk of equipment failure. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling process;

[0030] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a linkage mechanism;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the elastic metal rods;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the limiting plates;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a wedge block. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The following will be based on embodiments of the present invention. Figures 1-7The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the embodiments are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.

[0036] like Figure 1 A multi-directional controlled drilling guidance device includes a shell cylinder 1, a base 3, a central rod 4, a linkage mechanism 5, an angle adjustment plate 6, a linear push mechanism 9, a bottom plate 12, a connecting plate 13, a sliding inner cylinder 17, and a drilling pressure drive mechanism.

[0037] The top of the outer shell 1 is fixedly connected to the base 3, the top of the base 3 is used to connect the drill rod 2, the inner sliding cylinder 17 is slidably arranged inside the outer shell 1, the inner sliding cylinder 17 is connected to the drilling pressure drive mechanism, and the bottom of the inner sliding cylinder 17 is fixedly connected to the base plate 12.

[0038] The base 3 is equipped with a first driving device. The output end of the first driving device is connected to the top of the center rod 4. The bottom of the center rod 4 passes through the base plate 12 and is connected to the connecting plate 13. The center rod 4 is rotatably connected to the base plate 12. The connecting plate 13 is rotatably connected to the angle adjustment plate 6. The bottom of the connecting plate 13 is used to fix and connect the drill bit 7.

[0039] The linear push mechanism 9 is provided inside the sliding inner cylinder 17. The output end of the linear push mechanism 9 passes through the bottom plate 12 and is connected to the linkage mechanism 5. The linkage mechanism 5 is connected to the angle adjustment plate 6.

[0040] The central rod 4 is used to drive the connecting plate 13 and the drill bit 7 to rotate. The linear push mechanism 9 is used to extend and retract and adjust the angle of the angle adjustment plate 6 and the drill bit 7 through the linkage mechanism 5, so that the drill bit 7 can realize the function of multi-directional drilling. The drilling pressure drive mechanism is used to push the sliding inner cylinder 17 to move up and down reciprocally, so that the drill bit 7 can realize the impact function during drilling.

[0041] In this invention, both the drill rod 2 and the drill bit 7 are existing technologies. The drill bit 7 is a rock-breaking drilling drill bit, and the drill rod 2 is a directional drilling drill rod, which can bend during drilling to adapt to changes in the drilling direction. In specific implementation, the first drive device is activated, and its output end drives the central rod 4 to rotate. The central rod 4 drives the drill bit 7 to rotate through the connecting plate 13, providing rotational power for rock breaking. When adjusting the drilling direction according to the specific needs of mining or oil and gas extraction, the linear drive mechanism 9 is activated, and its output end extends and retracts axially. Through the linkage mechanism 5, it pushes the angle adjustment plate 6 to deflect. The angle adjustment plate 6 drives the connecting plate 13 and the drill bit 7 to change the drilling angle, realizing the drilling guidance function. At the same time, during the drilling process, the drilling pressure drive mechanism drives the sliding inner cylinder 17 to move up and down along the inner wall of the outer shell 1. The sliding inner cylinder 17 transmits power through the bottom plate 12 and the linkage mechanism 5, so that the drill bit 7 obtains impact kinetic energy. The drilling pressure drive mechanism converts rotational power into reciprocating linear motion of the sliding inner cylinder 17 through a mechanical structure, superimposing an impact function on the drill bit 7 and improving drilling efficiency in hard rock formations. All mechanisms work collaboratively around the central rod 4, with the rotation, angle adjustment, and impact function of the drill bit 7 operating independently. It should be noted that a small angle adjustment of the drill bit 7 is necessary to achieve guided drilling within the rock formation. For example, a 1°~3° deflection of the drill bit 7 allows for directional adjustment of the drill bit and drill string. After rotating a large radius, the drill bit 7 can achieve a horizontal drilling direction. Furthermore, this small angle does not significantly affect the impact kinetic energy of the drilling pressure drive mechanism, and its impact on the impact function is within an acceptable range.

[0042] This invention integrates three functions: rotary drilling, multi-directional guidance, and reciprocating impact. It can achieve efficient rock breaking and precise guidance in complex formations, and is especially suitable for engineering scenarios with harder formations and those requiring frequent adjustments to the drilling direction. It is applicable to various scenarios such as mining and oilfield production, and can meet the directional drilling needs of complex formations, improving mining and oil production efficiency. The integration of various functions reduces equipment investment, has low energy consumption during operation, and no additional pollutant emissions, achieving low-carbon and environmentally friendly operation, which is in line with the concept of green mining and green oilfield construction. It also meets the design standards for energy-saving mining machinery and equipment.

[0043] like Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of actual construction. The drilling direction after the drill bit 7 deflects is shown by the dotted line below. During drilling, the top of the drill rod 2 is brought out of the ground to connect to the corresponding drilling equipment.

[0044] Furthermore, the top of the connecting plate 13 is provided with a protrusion, the angle adjustment plate 6 has an annular structure, the protrusion passes through the hollow part of the angle adjustment plate 6, and the top of the protrusion is connected to the bottom of the center rod 4 through a universal joint 11.

[0045] When adjusting the drilling angle, the angle adjustment plate 6 deflects around the universal joint 11 and drives the connecting plate 13 to deflect. The universal joint 11 rotates adaptively with the angle change, so that the rotational power of the center rod 4 is continuously transmitted to the connecting plate 13 and the drill bit 7.

[0046] Furthermore, the drilling pressure drive mechanism includes a rotating plate 14, a mating component, an intermediate plate 10, and a drive shaft 22;

[0047] The output end of the first driving device is fixedly connected to the driving shaft 22. The driving shaft 22 is provided with a spline hole. The top of the center rod 4 is disposed in the spline shaft and splined. The center rod 4 passes through and splines to the rotating plate 14. The outer side of the rotating plate 14 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the cylindrical shell 1. The bottom of the rotating plate 14 is connected to the intermediate plate 10 through the mating component. The intermediate plate 10 is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding inner cylinder 17. When the rotating plate 14 rotates with the center rod 4, the intermediate plate 10 and the sliding inner cylinder 17 reciprocate up and down through the mating component.

[0048] In specific implementation, the first drive device is started, and its output end drives the drive shaft 22 to rotate. The drive shaft 22 is splined with the center rod 4 through the spline hole, driving the center rod 4 to rotate synchronously. The center rod 4 drives the rotating plate 14 to rotate along the inner wall surface of the outer shell 1 of the cylinder through spline transmission. During the rotation of the rotating plate 14, the mating parts at its bottom form dynamic contact with the intermediate plate 10, converting the circumferential motion of the rotating plate 14 into the axial up-and-down reciprocating motion of the intermediate plate 10. The intermediate plate 10 drives the sliding inner cylinder 17 to reciprocate synchronously, and then transmits the impact power to the drill bit 7 through the bottom plate 12 and the linkage mechanism 5.

[0049] Furthermore, the mating components include a rolling component 15 and a wedge block 16. The rolling component 15 is rotatably disposed at the bottom of the rotating plate 14, and the wedge block 16 is fixedly connected to the top of the intermediate plate 10. The rolling component 15 abuts against the wedge block 16, and the sliding inner cylinder 17 reciprocates up and down through the height change of the wedge block 16. Multiple rolling components 15 and wedge blocks 16 are evenly distributed around the central rod 4.

[0050] When the rotating plate 14 rotates with the central rod 4, the rolling components 15 at its bottom roll along the inclined surface of the wedge block 16. Multiple rolling components 15 move synchronously with the wedge block 16, enabling the sliding inner cylinder 17 to achieve continuous up-and-down reciprocating motion. The rolling friction design of the rolling components 15 reduces wear and energy loss of the mating parts. The rolling components 15 are existing technology and can be components such as rollers, shafts, and bearings. The structure of the wedge block 16 is as follows... Figure 7 .

[0051] like Figure 1 , Figure 6 It also includes a limiting plate 18, a limiting sleeve 19, a sealing ring plug 20, and an elastic ring 21;

[0052] The outer side of the sliding inner cylinder 17 is provided with an annular groove, and an annular cavity is formed between the annular groove and the inner wall of the outer cylinder 1. The limiting sleeve 19 is provided in the annular cavity and is fixedly sleeved on the sliding inner cylinder 17. The outer side of the limiting sleeve 19 is provided with a notch. The outer cylinder 1 is detachably connected to the limiting plate 18, and the limiting plate 18 is inserted into the notch.

[0053] The top and bottom of the limiting sleeve 19 are respectively provided with the sealing ring plug 20, and the elastic ring 21 is respectively provided on the opposite side of the upper and lower sealing ring plugs 20.

[0054] The limiting sleeve 19 and the sliding inner cylinder 17 can be fixed by bolts or other means. When the sliding inner cylinder 17 moves up and down, the limiting sleeve 19 moves synchronously with it. The limiting plate 18 slides in the notch of the limiting sleeve 19. The limiting plate 18 and the notch form a keyway fit structure. Multiple limiting plates 18 and notches can be set accordingly. The limiting plate 18 can be connected to the outer shell 1 of the cylinder by bolts and pass through the waist-shaped hole on the outer shell 1 of the cylinder. The sealing ring plug 20 forms a seal with the inner wall of the outer shell 1 of the cylinder to prevent dust, mud, and oil from entering the interior of the sliding inner cylinder 17 during mining or oilfield drilling. During the up and down movement of the limiting sleeve 19, its upper and lower ends are squeezed by the sealing ring plug 20 to compress the elastic ring 21. The elastic ring 21 is compressed. The purpose is twofold: first, to realize the reset of the sliding inner cylinder 17 through the recovery deformation of the elastic ring 21; second, the elastic ring 21 can absorb the impact energy through its own compression deformation, reducing the impact of mechanical impact on the equipment.

[0055] The elastic ring 21 can be made of elastic materials such as rubber or spring. It is annular. Both the elastic ring 21 and the sealing ring plug 20 are located in the annular cavity and are sleeved on the sliding inner cylinder 17.

[0056] like Figure 4 The linkage mechanism 5 includes a first bearing seat 501, a connecting rod 502, and a second bearing seat 503;

[0057] The output end of the linear push mechanism 9 is fixedly connected to the first bearing seat 501. The first bearing seat 501 is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting rod 502. The other end of the connecting rod 502 is rotatably connected to the second bearing seat 503. The second bearing seat 503 is mounted on the angle adjustment plate 6. The connecting rod 502 is inclined. The linear push mechanism 9 is used to push the connecting rod 502 to deflect, so as to realize the function of adjusting the angle of the angle adjustment plate 6.

[0058] According to the drilling direction requirements, the linear push mechanism 9 is activated, and its output end drives the first bearing seat 501 to move up and down along the axial direction; the first bearing seat 501 pushes the inclined connecting rod 502 to deflect, and the connecting rod 502 transmits the thrust to the angle adjustment plate 6 through the second bearing seat 503; under the thrust of the connecting rod 502, the angle adjustment plate 6 rotates around the universal joint 11. After the angle adjustment is completed, the linear push mechanism 9 maintains the current position, and the connecting rod mechanism 5 maintains the angle locked state.

[0059] like Figure 4 The linear push mechanism 9 includes a second drive device 901, a fixed hollow tube 902, a main shaft 903, a sliding rod 904, and a side protrusion 905;

[0060] The mounting end of the second drive device 901 is fixedly connected to the intermediate plate 10. The central rod 4 passes through the intermediate plate 10 and is rotatably connected to the intermediate plate 10. The output end of the second drive device 901 is fixedly connected to the main shaft 903. The main shaft 903 is disposed inside the fixed hollow tube 902. The top of the fixed hollow tube 902 is fixedly connected to the end face of the second drive device 901, and the bottom of the fixed hollow tube 902 is fixedly connected to the base plate 12. The sliding rod 904 is disposed inside the fixed hollow tube 902. The top of the sliding rod 904 is threadedly connected to the main shaft 903, and the bottom of the sliding rod 904 passes through the base plate 12 and is fixedly connected to the first bearing seat 501. The side of the sliding rod 904 is fixedly connected to the side protrusion 905. The inner wall of the fixed hollow tube 902 is provided with a groove to accommodate the side protrusion 905 for constraining the rotation of the sliding rod 904.

[0061] In specific implementation, the second drive device 901 is activated, and its output end drives the main shaft 903 to rotate within the fixed hollow tube 902. Since the sliding rod 904 is connected to the main shaft 903 via a trapezoidal thread, and the side protrusion 905 of the sliding rod 904 slides within the groove of the fixed hollow tube 902 and cannot rotate, the rotational motion of the main shaft 903 is converted into the axial up-and-down movement of the sliding rod 904. The bottom of the sliding rod 904 drives the first bearing seat 501 to move synchronously, providing angle adjustment power for the linkage mechanism 5. By controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the second drive device 901, the direction adjustment of the sliding rod 904 is achieved.

[0062] Furthermore, multiple linear push mechanisms 9 and linkage mechanisms 5 are provided and evenly distributed around the central rod 4 in the circumference.

[0063] Multiple linear drive mechanisms 9 can operate individually or in coordination. Through the combined action of different mechanisms, the drill bit 7 can be adjusted in multiple directions in three-dimensional space.

[0064] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 It also includes an elastic cylinder 8, the top of which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer shell 1, and the bottom of which is fixedly connected to the angle adjustment plate 6; the interior of the elastic cylinder 8, the area above the angle adjustment plate 6, and the area below the bottom plate 12 form a sealed chamber, and the linkage mechanism 5 is disposed in the sealed chamber; the annular side of the elastic cylinder 8 has a structure with the center concave inward, i.e., a "V" shaped structure.

[0065] The elastic cylinder 8, the angle adjusting plate 6, and the base plate 12 form a sealed chamber that encloses the linkage mechanism 5. During drilling, when the angle adjusting plate 6 deflects, the elastic cylinder 8 itself and its central recessed structure undergo adaptive deformation, i.e., stretching or compressing, and deform synchronously with the movement of the angle adjusting plate 6, maintaining the sealed state of the sealed chamber. Dust, mud, and oil generated during mining or oilfield drilling are isolated outside the sealed chamber by the elastic cylinder 8, protecting the linkage mechanism 5 from contamination.

[0066] Furthermore, the elastic cylinder 8 includes an upper conical cylinder 801, an elastic metal rod 802, a lower conical cylinder 803, and an annular fixing sleeve 804;

[0067] The top of the upper cone 801 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer shell 1, and the bottom of the lower cone 803 is fixedly connected to the angle adjustment plate 6. The ends of the upper cone 801 and the lower cone 803 with smaller inner and outer diameters are arranged opposite each other. The annular fixing sleeve 804 is sleeved and fixed at the opposite ends of the upper cone 801 and the lower cone 803.

[0068] The upper cone 801 and the lower cone 803 are respectively provided with corresponding through holes in their walls, and the elastic metal rod 802 is inserted into the through holes of the upper cone 801 and the lower cone 803.

[0069] The bottom of the outer shell 1 is provided with a first annular groove for the top of the upper cone 801 to be inserted. The top of the upper cone 801 is inserted into the first annular groove and secured by bolts on the side of the outer shell 1. The top of the angle adjustment plate 6 is fixedly connected to an annular seat 805, which is provided with a second annular groove. The bottom of the lower cone 803 is engaged in the second annular groove and secured by bolts on the side of the annular seat 805. Two annular fixing sleeves 804 can be provided, inner and outer, and connected by bolts passing through the upper and lower cones to secure the opposite ends of the upper and lower cones. The conical structure of the upper cone 801 and lower cone 803 allows for easier deformation to accommodate the angle adjustment of the drill bit 7 and facilitates installation. The elastic metal rod 802 provides stable support within the deformation range, while enhancing the compressive strength and structural strength of the elastic shell 8. The elastic metal rod 802 can be made of spring steel, elastic alloy, or other materials. The upper cone 801, lower cone 803, and annular fixing sleeve 804 can be made of rubber. The distribution relationship of the elastic metal rod 802 is as follows Figure 5 .

[0070] While achieving sealing and deformation functions, the elastic cylinder 8, in conjunction with the elastic ring 21, can provide axial elastic recovery to provide the restoring force for the sliding inner cylinder 17.

[0071] In this invention, the first driving device and the second driving device 901 can be components such as motors and hydraulic motors, and the connected circuits, oil circuits and other components can be led out to the ground through the inside of the drill rod 2.

[0072] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modifications, alterations, substitutions, or variations made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-directional controlled drilling guidance device, characterized in that, It includes a shell (1), a base (3), a central rod (4), a linkage mechanism (5), an angle adjustment plate (6), a linear push mechanism (9), a bottom plate (12), a connecting plate (13), a sliding inner cylinder (17), and a drilling pressure drive mechanism; The top of the outer shell (1) is fixedly connected to the base (3), the top of the base (3) is used to connect the drill rod (2), the inner cylinder (17) is slidably arranged inside the outer shell (1), the inner cylinder (17) is connected to the drilling pressure drive mechanism, and the bottom of the inner cylinder (17) is fixedly connected to the base plate (12). The base (3) is equipped with a first driving device. The output end of the first driving device is connected to the top of the center rod (4). The bottom of the center rod (4) passes through the base plate (12) and is connected to the connecting plate (13). The center rod (4) is rotatably connected to the base plate (12). The connecting plate (13) is rotatably connected to the angle adjustment plate (6). The bottom of the connecting plate (13) is used to fix and connect the drill bit (7). The linear push mechanism (9) is provided inside the sliding inner cylinder (17). The output end of the linear push mechanism (9) passes through the bottom plate (12) and is connected to the linkage mechanism (5). The linkage mechanism (5) is connected to the angle adjustment plate (6). The central rod (4) is used to drive the connecting plate (13) and the drill bit (7) to rotate. The linear push mechanism (9) is used to extend and retract and adjust the angle of the angle adjustment plate (6) and the drill bit (7) through the linkage mechanism (5), so that the drill bit (7) can realize the function of multi-directional drilling. The drilling pressure drive mechanism is used to push the sliding inner cylinder (17) to move up and down reciprocally, so that the drill bit (7) can realize the impact function during drilling. The drilling pressure drive mechanism includes a rotating plate (14), a mating component, an intermediate plate (10), and a drive shaft (22). The output end of the first driving device is fixedly connected to the driving shaft (22). The driving shaft (22) is provided with a spline hole. The top of the central rod (4) is located in the spline hole and splined. The central rod (4) passes through and splinedly connects to the rotating plate (14). The outer side of the rotating plate (14) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the cylindrical shell (1). The bottom of the rotating plate (14) is connected to the intermediate plate (10) through the mating component. The intermediate plate (10) is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding inner cylinder (17). When the rotating plate (14) rotates with the central rod (4), the intermediate plate (10) and the sliding inner cylinder (17) reciprocate up and down through the mating component.

2. The multi-directional control drilling guidance device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the connecting plate (13) is provided with a protrusion, the angle adjustment plate (6) has an annular structure, the protrusion passes through the hollow part of the angle adjustment plate (6), and the top of the protrusion is connected to the bottom of the center rod (4) through a universal joint (11).

3. The multi-directional control drilling guidance device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mating components include a rolling component (15) and a wedge block (16). The rolling component (15) is rotatably disposed at the bottom of the rotating plate (14). The wedge block (16) is fixedly connected to the top of the intermediate plate (10). The rolling component (15) abuts against the wedge block (16). The sliding inner cylinder (17) reciprocates up and down through the height change of the wedge block (16). Multiple rolling components (15) and wedge blocks (16) are evenly distributed around the central rod (4).

4. The multi-directional control drilling guidance device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a limiting plate (18), a limiting sleeve (19), a sealing ring plug (20), and an elastic ring (21). The outer side of the sliding inner cylinder (17) is provided with an annular groove, and an annular cavity is formed between the annular groove and the inner wall of the outer shell (1). The limiting sleeve (19) is provided in the annular cavity. The limiting sleeve (19) is fixedly sleeved on the sliding inner cylinder (17). The outer side of the limiting sleeve (19) is provided with a notch. The outer shell (1) is detachably connected to the limiting plate (18). The limiting plate (18) is inserted into the notch. The top and bottom of the limiting sleeve (19) are respectively provided with the sealing ring plug (20), and the opposite sides of the upper and lower sealing ring plugs (20) are respectively provided with the elastic ring (21).

5. A multi-directional controlled drilling guidance device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linkage mechanism (5) includes a first bearing seat (501), a connecting rod (502), and a second bearing seat (503); The output end of the linear push mechanism (9) is fixedly connected to the first bearing seat (501). The first bearing seat (501) is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting rod (502). The other end of the connecting rod (502) is rotatably connected to the second bearing seat (503). The second bearing seat (503) is mounted on the angle adjustment plate (6). The connecting rod (502) is inclined. The linear push mechanism (9) is used to push the connecting rod (502) to deflect, so as to realize the function of adjusting the angle of the angle adjustment plate (6).

6. A multi-directional controlled drilling guidance device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The linear push mechanism (9) includes a second drive device (901), a fixed hollow tube (902), a main shaft (903), a sliding rod (904), and a side protrusion (905). The mounting end of the second drive device (901) is fixedly connected to the intermediate plate (10), the center rod (4) passes through the intermediate plate (10), and the center rod (4) is rotatably connected to the intermediate plate (10). The output end of the second drive device (901) is fixedly connected to the main shaft (903), the main shaft (903) is disposed inside the fixed hollow tube (902), the top of the fixed hollow tube (902) is fixedly connected to the end face of the second drive device (901), and the bottom of the fixed hollow tube (902) is fixed. The base plate (12) is connected, and the sliding rod (904) is provided inside the fixed hollow tube (902). The top of the sliding rod (904) is threaded to the main shaft (903), and the bottom of the sliding rod (904) passes through the base plate (12) and is fixedly connected to the first bearing seat (501). The side protrusion (905) is fixedly connected to the side of the sliding rod (904), and a groove is provided on the inner wall of the fixed hollow tube (902) to accommodate the side protrusion (905) for constraining the rotation of the sliding rod (904).

7. A multi-directional controlled drilling guidance device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, Multiple linear push mechanisms (9) and linkage mechanisms (5) are provided and are evenly distributed around the central rod (4) in the circumference.

8. A multi-directional control drilling guidance device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an elastic cylinder (8), the top of which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer shell (1), and the bottom of which is fixedly connected to the angle adjustment plate (6); the interior of the elastic cylinder (8), the area above the angle adjustment plate (6), and the area below the bottom plate (12) form a sealed chamber, and the linkage mechanism (5) is disposed in the sealed chamber; the annular side of the elastic cylinder (8) has a structure with the center concave inward.

9. A multi-directional controlled drilling guidance device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The elastic cylinder (8) includes an upper cone (801), an elastic metal rod (802), a lower cone (803), and an annular fixing sleeve (804). The top of the upper cone (801) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer shell (1), and the bottom of the lower cone (803) is fixedly connected to the angle adjustment plate (6). The upper cone (801) and the lower cone (803) are arranged opposite each other at the ends with the smaller inner and outer diameters. The annular fixing sleeve (804) is sleeved and fixed at the opposite ends of the upper cone (801) and the lower cone (803). The upper cone (801) and the lower cone (803) are respectively provided with corresponding through holes in their walls, and the elastic metal rod (802) is inserted into the through holes of the upper cone (801) and the lower cone (803).

Images