Irrigation system and irrigation method for pinus sylvestris artificial forest

Abstract

The invention discloses an irrigation system and method for a pinus sylvestris man-made forest, and relates to the technical field of irrigation systems, the irrigation system comprises a controller and a water delivery module, the outlet end of the water delivery module is connected with a plurality of irrigation modules in parallel, and the inlet end of each irrigation module is provided with an electromagnetic valve; the irrigation system further comprises a plurality of temperature monitoring modules, a plurality of runoff monitoring modules and a plurality of humidity monitoring modules. The temperature monitoring modules, the runoff monitoring module and the humidity monitoring module are electrically connected with the controller. A plurality of standard evaluation models can be generated according to historical parameters, and comparison soil humidity parameters are generated for each planting area according to each actual runoff parameter, each actual environment temperature parameter and each standard evaluation model; and finally, comparing each comparison soil humidity parameter with each actual soil humidity parameter, and respectively generating an irrigation control instruction for each pinus sylvestris. The irrigation instruction is generated after the water content of the area where the plants are located is independently analyzed and judged, and therefore precise irrigation is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of efficient irrigation systems for agriculture and forestry, specifically to an irrigation system and method for planting Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica. Background Technology

[0002] Scots pine is one of the important tree species in my country's planted forests. In important ecological projects such as the Three-North Shelterbelt Project, Scots pine is a core tree species, with a cumulative planting area of ​​more than 460,000 square kilometers, making an important contribution to curbing desertification.

[0003] In my country, the plantations of Scots pine are mainly concentrated in Inner Mongolia in the north. This region has low natural rainfall, and irrigation systems are generally required to improve the survival rate of the plants. However, the existing irrigation systems cannot flexibly adjust the irrigation volume according to the actual conditions of different planting areas, resulting in low irrigation efficiency and greatly affecting the survival rate of Scots pine plantations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main purpose of this application is to provide an irrigation system and method for planting Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, which aims to solve the problem of low irrigation efficiency in the prior art.

[0005] This application achieves the above objectives through the following technical solutions: An irrigation system for a Pinus sylvestris plantation, including a controller; A water delivery module, wherein several irrigation modules are connected in parallel at the outlet end of the water delivery module, and each irrigation module is provided with a solenoid valve electrically connected to the controller at the inlet end. Several temperature monitoring modules are provided, and each of the temperature monitoring modules is electrically connected to the controller. A plurality of runoff monitoring modules, each of which is electrically connected to the controller; Several soil moisture monitoring modules are provided, and each of the soil moisture monitoring modules is electrically connected to the controller.

[0006] Optionally, the controller includes a basic data acquisition module, which is used to acquire the reference runoff parameters, reference soil moisture parameters, and reference temperature parameters of the environment in which each standard Pinus sylvestris is located in the past natural year. The model generation module is used to generate standard evaluation models for each planting area based on the reference runoff parameters, reference temperature parameters, and reference soil moisture parameters. The actual data acquisition module is used to acquire the actual runoff parameters, actual ambient temperature parameters, and actual soil moisture parameters of each Pinus sylvestris under real-time conditions. The calculation module is used to generate comparative soil moisture parameters for each planting area based on the actual runoff parameters, the actual ambient temperature parameters, and the standard evaluation models. The comparison module compares the soil moisture parameters to the actual soil moisture parameters and generates irrigation control commands for each Pinus sylvestris. The control module is used to control the irrigation of each Pinus sylvestris according to the irrigation control instructions.

[0007] Optionally, the water delivery module includes a water storage tank and a water pump. The outlet end of the water pump is provided with a main irrigation pipe. The irrigation module includes irrigation branch pipes, and the inlet end of each irrigation branch pipe is connected to the main irrigation pipe through a solenoid valve.

[0008] Optionally, the soil moisture monitoring module includes several soil moisture sensors, each of which is arranged around the pine tree to be monitored and buried at different soil depths.

[0009] Accordingly, this application also discloses an irrigation method based on the above-mentioned irrigation system, including the following steps: The Scots pine plantation was divided into several planting areas based on natural conditions, and at least one standard Scots pine was selected in each planting area. Obtain the reference runoff parameters, reference soil moisture parameters, and reference temperature parameters of the environment for each standard Pinus sylvestris in the past natural year; Based on the reference runoff parameters, reference temperature parameters, and reference soil moisture parameters, standard evaluation models are generated for each planting area. The actual runoff parameters, actual ambient temperature parameters, and actual soil moisture parameters of each Pinus sylvestris were obtained respectively. Based on the actual runoff parameters, the actual ambient temperature parameters, and the standard evaluation models, comparative soil moisture parameters are generated for each planting area. Compare the soil moisture parameters described above with the actual soil moisture parameters described above, and generate irrigation control instructions for each Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica. Irrigation control is performed on each Pinus sylvestris according to the irrigation control instructions.

[0010] Optionally, obtain the reference runoff parameters, reference soil moisture parameters, and reference temperature parameters of the environment for each standard Pinus sylvestris over the past calendar year, including the following steps: Obtain all runoff parameters, soil moisture parameters, and ambient temperature parameters of any standard Pinus sylvestris in the past natural year; Set a monitoring period, and based on the sampling time, group the runoff parameters belonging to the same monitoring period into a group, wherein the monitoring period is at least one natural day; Calculate the average value of each of the runoff parameters in the same group, and use this average value as the reference runoff parameter R. t、aj , where t represents the number assigned according to the monitoring cycle, a represents the number of the planting area, and j represents the number of Pinus sylvestris; Temperature parameters belonging to the same monitoring cycle are grouped together. Calculate the average value of each of the aforementioned temperature parameters for the same monitoring period, and use this average value as the reference temperature parameter T. t、aj , where t represents the number assigned according to the monitoring cycle, a represents the number of the planting area, and j represents the number of Pinus sylvestris; Based on the sampling time, soil moisture parameters belonging to the same day are grouped together; Calculate the average value of each of the soil moisture parameters for the same monitoring period, and use this average value as the reference soil moisture parameter S. t、aj , where t represents the number assigned according to the monitoring cycle, a represents the number of the planting area, and j represents the number of Pinus sylvestris; Repeat the steps of obtaining all runoff parameters, soil moisture parameters, and ambient temperature parameters of any standard Scots pine in the past natural year until all reference runoff parameters, reference temperature parameters, and reference soil moisture parameters of all standard Scots pines are obtained.

[0011] Optionally, a standard evaluation model can be generated for each planting area based on the reference runoff parameters, reference temperature parameters, and reference soil moisture parameters. Extract the reference runoff parameters, reference temperature parameters, and reference soil moisture parameters of each standard Pinus sylvestris in any planting area; Calculate the standard runoff parameters, standard temperature parameters, and standard soil moisture parameters for the planting area based on the reference runoff parameters, reference temperature parameters, and reference soil moisture parameters mentioned above. A set of standard parameters {(R'1, T'1, S'1)} is generated based on the aforementioned standard runoff parameters, standard temperature parameters, and standard soil moisture parameters. a (R'2, T'2, S'2) a ... (R' t 、T' t S' t ) a ... (R' n 、T' n S' n ) a}; where t represents the number assigned based on the monitoring cycle, n represents the number of monitoring cycles, and a represents the number of the planting area; A standard surface is obtained by fitting the standard parameter set. Repeat the steps of extracting the reference runoff parameters, reference temperature parameters, and reference soil moisture parameters for any planting area to obtain the standard surfaces of all planting areas. Then, aggregate the standard surfaces into the same set to generate a standard evaluation model.

[0012] Optionally, the standard runoff parameters, standard temperature parameters, and standard soil moisture parameters for the planting area are calculated based on the aforementioned reference runoff parameters, reference temperature parameters, and reference soil moisture parameters, including the following steps: The reference runoff parameters belonging to the same monitoring period are grouped together, and the average value of each reference runoff parameter is taken as the standard runoff parameter of the planting area in that monitoring period. The reference temperature parameters belonging to the same monitoring period are grouped together, and the average value of each reference temperature parameter is taken as the standard temperature parameter of the planting area within the monitoring period. The reference soil moisture parameters belonging to the same monitoring period are grouped together, and the average value of each reference soil moisture parameter is taken as the standard soil moisture parameter of the planting area in that monitoring period. Repeat the above steps to obtain all standard runoff parameters, standard temperature parameters, and standard soil moisture parameters for the planting area within a natural year.

[0013] Optionally, the actual runoff parameters, actual ambient temperature parameters, and actual soil moisture parameters of each Pinus sylvestris can be obtained separately. Set the monitoring cycle and sampling frequency; Acquire all collected runoff parameters within the monitoring period and calculate their average value, then output the average value as the actual runoff parameter; Acquire all collected ambient temperature parameters within the monitoring period and calculate their average value, then output the average value as the actual ambient temperature parameter. Acquire all collected soil moisture parameters within the monitoring period, and calculate the actual soil moisture parameter based on each soil moisture parameter; wherein the expression for the actual soil moisture parameter is: S 加权 This represents the weighted soil moisture parameter, and the calculation expression for the weighted soil moisture parameter is as follows: where a1, a2 and a i The weights are represented by , i represents the number of the soil moisture parameter collection point, and m represents the number of groups of soil moisture parameters collected.

[0014] Optionally, compare the comparative soil moisture parameters and the actual soil moisture parameters to generate irrigation control instructions for each Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica. Set error redundancy; Obtain comparative soil moisture parameters and actual soil moisture parameters for the same planting area; The upper standard deviation and lower standard deviation are calculated based on the error redundancy and the soil moisture parameters compared. If the actual soil moisture parameters are lower than the standard deviation, irrigation is required, and irrigation operations are initiated for the Pinus sylvestris corresponding to the actual soil moisture parameters. If the actual soil moisture parameter is between the upper and lower deviations, the actual soil moisture is deemed acceptable and irrigation is not required. If the actual soil moisture parameter is greater than the standard deviation, the actual soil moisture is determined to be too high, and the alarm procedure is activated. Repeat the steps of obtaining the comparative soil moisture parameters and the actual soil moisture parameters of the same planting area to generate corresponding irrigation control instructions for each Pinus sylvestris.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial effects: This application discloses an irrigation system for a Pinus sylvestris plantation, including a controller and a water delivery module. Several irrigation modules are connected in parallel to the outlet of the water delivery module, and each irrigation module has a solenoid valve electrically connected to the controller at its inlet. The irrigation system also includes several temperature monitoring modules, several runoff monitoring modules, and several humidity monitoring modules. Each of these modules is electrically connected to the controller. This application also discloses an irrigation method based on the above irrigation system. First, the Pinus sylvestris plantation is divided into several planting areas, and at least one standard Pinus sylvestris tree is selected in each planting area. Then, the data of each standard Pinus sylvestris tree over the past natural year are obtained. Reference runoff parameters, reference soil moisture parameters, and reference temperature parameters of their respective environments are used to generate standard evaluation models for each planting area. Then, the actual runoff parameters, actual ambient temperature parameters, and actual soil moisture parameters of each Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica are obtained, and comparative soil moisture parameters are generated for each planting area based on these parameters and the standard evaluation models. Finally, the comparative soil moisture parameters and the actual soil moisture parameters are compared to generate irrigation control instructions for each Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, and irrigation control is then performed on each Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica according to these instructions.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, this application selects well-grown Pinus sylvestris plants in the planting area as specimens and constructs a standard evaluation model for each planting area based on the parameters of these plants over the past calendar year. This evaluation model reflects the correlation between runoff, temperature, and soil moisture. Subsequently, comparative soil moisture parameters are generated using runoff and temperature, and these comparative soil moisture parameters are compared with actual soil moisture parameters to quickly determine whether the soil moisture matches the ambient temperature and the plant's transpiration. On the one hand, it can monitor the plant's growth status in real time, thereby replenishing water at the first sign of soil water shortage to ensure the plant's normal growth needs and truly achieve on-demand irrigation.

[0017] On the other hand, this application can separately analyze and judge whether the water content of each plant area meets the requirements, thereby realizing targeted irrigation and improving irrigation efficiency; and when the soil water content meets the requirements, the irrigation system is cut off in time, thereby realizing quantitative irrigation. That is, this application can realize quantitative and targeted irrigation of Pinus sylvestris, avoid water waste, and help improve irrigation efficiency.

[0018] Finally, this application realizes the automation of irrigating Pinus sylvestris, which improves irrigation efficiency and greatly reduces labor costs while reducing workload. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the irrigation system for a Pinus sylvestris plantation provided in Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the controller structure; Figure 3 A flowchart of the irrigation method provided in Embodiment 2 of this application.

[0020] Attached reference numerals: 1-Controller, 2-Solenoid valve, 3-Temperature monitoring module, 4-Runoff monitoring module, 5-Soil moisture monitoring module, 6-Water storage tank, 7-Water pump, 8-Main irrigation pipe, 9-Irrigation branch pipe.

[0021] The purpose, features, and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0024] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0025] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the meaning of "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions; for example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment, as an optional implementation of this application, discloses an irrigation system for a Pinus sylvestris plantation, including a controller 1 and a water delivery module. The water delivery module includes a water storage tank 6 and a water pump 7. The inlet end of the water pump 7 is connected to the water storage tank 6, and its outlet end is connected to a main irrigation pipe 8. Along the water delivery direction of the main irrigation pipe 8, a number of irrigation modules are connected in parallel in sequence. Each irrigation module includes an irrigation branch pipe 9, and the inlet end of each irrigation branch pipe 9 is connected to the main irrigation pipe 8 through a solenoid valve 2. The irrigation system also includes several temperature monitoring modules 3, several runoff monitoring modules 4 and several soil moisture monitoring modules 5. The temperature monitoring module 3 includes a temperature sensor, the runoff monitoring module 4 includes several plant runoff sensors, the temperature sensor is arranged in the ventilation area of ​​each planting area, and each plant runoff sensor is placed on the main trunk of each Pinus sylvestris. The soil moisture monitoring module 5 includes several soil moisture sensors, each of which is arranged around the pine tree to be monitored and buried at different soil depths. Soil moisture content varies in different strata and regions. The above-mentioned technical measures can effectively improve the accuracy of data, thereby improving the precision of the final prediction results.

[0028] The controller includes a basic data acquisition module, a model generation module, an actual data acquisition module, a calculation module, a comparison module, and a control module, which are used to control irrigation for each Pinus sylvestris according to the irrigation control instructions. The basic data acquisition module is used to acquire the reference runoff parameters, reference soil moisture parameters, and reference temperature parameters of the environment in which each standard Pinus sylvestris is located in the past natural year. The basic data acquisition module is connected to the model generation module to transmit corresponding parameters. The model generation module is used to generate standard evaluation models for each planting area. The actual data acquisition module is used to retrieve parameters obtained by the temperature monitoring module, runoff monitoring module, and soil moisture monitoring module. The actual data acquisition module and the model generation module are respectively connected to the calculation module to transmit basic calculation parameters. The output end of the calculation module is connected to a comparison module, which is connected to the control module. Each of the solenoid valves is electrically connected to the control module.

[0029] Example 2

[0030] Reference Figure 3 This embodiment, as an optional implementation of this application, discloses an irrigation method comprising the following steps: S1. Divide the Scots pine plantation into several planting areas according to natural conditions, and select at least one standard Scots pine in each planting area; Due to differences in terrain, rivers, and groundwater distribution, the temperature, water content, and other natural conditions vary in different areas of the Pinus sylvestris plantation. Areas with similar natural conditions are grouped into the same planting area. It should be noted that if the conditions of the entire plantation are not significantly different, it can be designated as a single plantation.

[0031] Subsequently, at least one standard Scots pine should be selected in each planting area. The standard Scots pine should be selected as a plant that is in good growth condition and free from disease. The number of standard Scots pines should also be determined by taking into account factors such as the size of the planting area.

[0032] The above-mentioned division of planting areas allows for the categorization of different regions within each plantation based on natural conditions, thereby eliminating the influence of natural conditions on the prediction results. For example, some areas experience higher water evaporation and require more frequent irrigation, while other areas have lower evaporation and require less frequent irrigation. This division effectively avoids mutual interference between the two, improving the accuracy and efficiency of irrigation.

[0033] S2. Obtain the reference runoff parameters, reference soil moisture parameters, and reference temperature parameters of the environment for each standard Pinus sylvestris in the past natural year. S21. Obtain all runoff parameters, soil moisture parameters, and ambient temperature parameters of any standard Pinus sylvestris in the past natural year. Select a standard Pinus sylvestris and retrieve all runoff parameters, soil moisture parameters, and ambient temperature parameters of the standard Pinus sylvestris in the past natural year from the database according to the Pinus sylvestris number. S22. Set a monitoring period and, based on the sampling time, group the runoff parameters belonging to the same monitoring period into a group, wherein the monitoring period is at least one natural day; Sampling time is the time interval between any two adjacent samples from various sensors; The monitoring period is set according to actual needs. The preferred monitoring period is one natural day or half a natural day. The monitoring period can also be one week or other time periods, but it should not exceed one week. Setting it to one natural day can effectively reduce the amount of calculation and improve the calculation efficiency, while half a natural day can effectively separate the interference of day and night on the parameters and improve the calculation accuracy.

[0034] Once the monitoring period is set, the runoff parameters within the same monitoring period are grouped together. For example, if the monitoring period is set to one natural day, all parameters sampled on January 1st are grouped together, and all parameters sampled on January 2nd are grouped together, resulting in 365 data groups within a natural year; if it is a leap year, 366 data groups are obtained. S23. Calculate the average value of each of the runoff parameters in the same group, and use this average value as the reference runoff parameter R. t、aj , where t represents the number assigned according to the monitoring cycle, a represents the number of the planting area, and j represents the number of Pinus sylvestris; Obtain a set of data, calculate the average value of each of the runoff parameters, and use this average value as the reference runoff parameter R. t、aj, where t represents the number assigned according to the monitoring cycle, a represents the number of the planting area, and j represents the number of Pinus sylvestris; It should be noted that if a calendar day is taken as a monitoring period, then the maximum value of t is 365. S24. Group the temperature parameters belonging to the same monitoring cycle into one group; S25. Calculate the average value of each of the temperature parameters in the same monitoring period, and use this average value as the reference temperature parameter T. t、aj , where t represents the number assigned according to the monitoring cycle, a represents the number of the planting area, and j represents the number of Pinus sylvestris; S26. Based on the sampling time, soil moisture parameters belonging to the same day are grouped together; S27. Calculate the average value of each of the soil moisture parameters for the same monitoring period, and use this average value as the reference soil moisture parameter S. t、aj , where t represents the number assigned according to the monitoring cycle, a represents the number of the planting area, and j represents the number of Pinus sylvestris; The reference runoff parameters, reference temperature parameters, and reference soil moisture parameters of standard Pinus sylvestris in each monitoring period are obtained by using the methods described in steps S22 and S23; that is, if a monitoring period is a natural day, there are 365 reference runoff parameters, reference temperature parameters, and reference soil moisture parameters. S28. Repeat the steps of obtaining all runoff parameters, soil moisture parameters, and ambient temperature parameters of any standard pine in the past natural year until all reference runoff parameters, reference temperature parameters, and reference soil moisture parameters of all standard pine are obtained.

[0035] Repeating steps S21 to S27 will yield all reference runoff parameters, reference temperature parameters, and reference soil moisture parameters for all standard Scots pines.

[0036] S3. Generate standard evaluation models for each planting area based on the reference runoff parameters, reference temperature parameters, and reference soil moisture parameters. S31. Extract the reference runoff parameters, reference temperature parameters, and reference soil moisture parameters of each standard Pinus sylvestris in any planting area; There is at least one standard Scots pine in a planting area. First, arbitrarily select a planting area, and then extract the corresponding parameters according to the number of the standard Scots pine in the planting area, so as to obtain the reference runoff parameters, reference temperature parameters and reference soil moisture parameters of each standard Scots pine in the planting area. S32. Calculate the standard runoff parameters, standard temperature parameters, and standard soil moisture parameters for the planting area based on the reference runoff parameters, reference temperature parameters, and reference soil moisture parameters respectively. S321. The reference runoff parameters belonging to the same monitoring period are grouped together, and the average value of each reference runoff parameter is taken as the standard runoff parameter of the planting area in the monitoring period. Since all parameters have a number assigned according to the monitoring period, the parameters can be quickly identified as belonging to the same monitoring period by the number. The basic runoff parameters with the same number obtained in step S31 are grouped together, and the average value of each reference runoff parameter is calculated. This average value is used as the standard runoff parameter for the planting area in the monitoring period. If three standard Pinus sylvestris trees are selected in a planting area, there will be three different reference runoff parameters in a monitoring period. The average of the above three parameters will be used as the standard runoff parameter for the planting area. If there is only one standard Pinus sylvestris tree, its reference runoff flow rate parameter shall be directly used as the standard runoff flow rate parameter; Since the natural conditions within a planting area are similar, averaging multiple parameters can effectively eliminate errors caused by individual differences in standard Pinus sylvestris and the accuracy of sensor monitoring, thereby improving the accuracy of subsequent judgments. S322. Group the reference temperature parameters belonging to the same monitoring period into a group, and take the average value of each reference temperature parameter as the standard temperature parameter of the planting area in the monitoring period. S323. Group the reference soil moisture parameters belonging to the same monitoring period into a group, and take the average value of each reference soil moisture parameter as the standard soil moisture parameter of the planting area in the monitoring period. The standard temperature parameters and standard soil moisture parameters of the planting area can be obtained by using the same method as in step S321. S324. Repeat the above steps to obtain all standard runoff parameters, standard temperature parameters, and standard soil moisture parameters for the planting area within a natural year.

[0037] Repeating steps S321 to S323 will yield all standard runoff parameters, standard temperature parameters, and standard soil moisture parameters for all planting areas within a natural year. S33. Generate a set of standard parameters {(R'1, T'1, S'1)} based on the standard runoff parameters, standard temperature parameters, and standard soil moisture parameters described above. a (R'2, T'2, S'2) a ... (R' t 、T' t S' t ) a ... (R' n 、T' n S'n ) a}; where t represents the number assigned based on the monitoring cycle, n represents the number of monitoring cycles, and a represents the number of the planting area; Obtain all standard runoff parameters, standard temperature parameters, and standard soil moisture parameters for all planting areas within a natural year, as obtained in step S32; group the standard runoff parameters, standard temperature parameters, and standard soil moisture parameters for the same planting area and within the same monitoring period into one group, thereby generating several sets of parameters for all planting areas, and finally outputting a set of standard parameters {(R'1, T'1, S'1)1, (R'2, T'2, S'2)1, ..., ( ... t 、T' t S' t )1、...、(R' n 、T' n S' n )1,..., (R'1, T'1, S'1) a (R'2, T'2, S'2) a ... (R' t 、T' t S' t ) a ... (R' n 、T' n S' n ) a}; where t represents the number assigned based on the monitoring cycle, n represents the number of monitoring cycles, and a represents the number of the planting area; S34. Obtain a standard surface by fitting the standard parameter set; Obtain the set of standard parameters; A three-dimensional coordinate system is constructed, wherein the X-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system represents the standard temperature parameter, the Y-axis represents the standard runoff parameter, and the Z-axis represents the standard soil moisture parameter; Points are selected in the above three-dimensional coordinate system according to the standard parameter set, and a fitting surface is generated by computer based on the selected points. The fitting surface is the standard surface of the planting area corresponding to the standard parameter set. S35. Repeat the steps of extracting the reference runoff parameters, reference temperature parameters and reference soil moisture parameters of any planting area to obtain the standard surfaces of all planting areas, and collect the standard surfaces into the same set to generate a standard evaluation model.

[0038] Repeat steps S31 to S34 to obtain the standard surfaces of all planting areas. Each standard surface is distinguished by the planting area number. Then, by grouping all the standard surfaces into the same set, the above can be used as the standard evaluation model output.

[0039] S4. Obtain the actual runoff parameters, actual ambient temperature parameters, and actual soil moisture parameters for each Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica. S41. Set the monitoring cycle and sampling frequency; It should be noted that the monitoring cycle here is exactly the same as that in step S22; S42. Obtain all collected runoff parameters within the monitoring period and calculate their average value, then output the average value as the actual runoff parameter. First, identify the pine species that needs to be calculated and obtain its number; If a natural day is set as a monitoring cycle and the calculation time is 10:00 AM, then all runoff parameters from 0:00 to 10:00 will be retrieved, and the average value of all runoff parameters will be calculated. The calculated average value is output as the actual runoff flow parameter. S43. Obtain all collected ambient temperature parameters within the monitoring period and calculate their average value, then output the average value as the actual ambient temperature parameter. The actual ambient temperature parameters are obtained using the same method as in step S42; S44. Obtain all collected soil moisture parameters within the monitoring period, and calculate the actual soil moisture parameter based on each soil moisture parameter; wherein the expression for the actual soil moisture parameter is: S 加权 This represents the weighted soil moisture parameter, and the calculation expression for the weighted soil moisture parameter is as follows: where a1, a2 and a i The weights are represented by i, which represents the number of the soil moisture parameter collection point; and m represents the number of sets of soil moisture parameters collected. Since the soil moisture monitoring module contains multiple soil moisture sensors, the data needs to be weighted and calculated. That is, if there are i collection points, the staff will assign corresponding weights to the collection points according to their importance, and the sum of all weights is 1. Based on the sampling time of the soil moisture sensor, the various soil moisture parameters acquired at the same time are grouped together. Several groups of soil moisture parameters will be obtained within the monitoring period. Then, the weighted soil moisture parameters at each time are calculated according to the weight number. Finally, the average value of the weighted soil moisture parameters at each time point is output as the actual soil moisture parameters.

[0040] In the above calculation method, the calculation samples of the actual runoff parameters, the actual ambient temperature parameters and the actual soil moisture parameters are continuously expanded in real time over time. Therefore, the above parameters can accurately reflect the actual state of the current Pinus sylvestris area and improve the timeliness of the data. At the same time, calculating the average value can effectively reduce erroneous judgments caused by sensor monitoring errors and improve the accuracy of judgments.

[0041] By repeating the above steps, you can obtain all the actual runoff parameters, actual ambient temperature parameters, and actual soil moisture parameters of Pinus sylvestris. S5. Based on the actual runoff parameters, the actual ambient temperature parameters, and the standard evaluation models, generate comparative soil moisture parameters for each planting area. First, retrieve the actual runoff parameters and actual ambient temperature parameters obtained in step S4. Then, retrieve the standard evaluation model obtained in step S3. Match the actual runoff parameters, actual ambient temperature parameters, and standard evaluation models according to the planting area; that is, match the actual runoff parameters, actual ambient temperature parameters, and standard evaluation models for the same planting area. After matching is completed, the actual runoff parameters and actual ambient temperature parameters are substituted into the standard evaluation model, and the comparative soil moisture parameters of the planting area are calculated through the standard evaluation model. Repeating the above steps will generate a comparison soil moisture parameter A1, A2, ..., A for each planting area. m ; S6. Compare the soil moisture parameters described above with the actual soil moisture parameters described above, and generate irrigation control instructions for each Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica. S61. Set the error redundancy; S62. Obtain comparative soil moisture parameters and actual soil moisture parameters for the same planting area; Retrieve the actual soil moisture parameters of each Pinus sylvestris obtained in step S44, and then retrieve the comparison soil moisture parameters obtained in step S5. S63. Calculate the upper standard deviation and lower standard deviation based on the error redundancy and the soil moisture parameters compared. Calculate the standard upper deviation and standard lower deviation of each soil moisture parameter for comparison based on the set error redundancy. For example, if the set redundancy is 5% and the soil moisture parameter for comparison in planting area number 1 is A1, then the standard upper deviation for this area is 105%A1. The standard deviation is 95%A1; S64. If the actual soil moisture parameters are lower than the standard deviation, irrigation is required, and irrigation operations are initiated for the Pinus sylvestris corresponding to the actual soil moisture parameters. If the Scots pine with the number j is located in the planting area with the number 1, then retrieve the actual soil moisture parameters of the Scots pine, and at the same time retrieve the standard upper deviation and standard lower deviation of the planting area.

[0042] If the actual soil moisture parameters are lower than the standard deviation, irrigation is required. At the same time, the number of the Scots pine and the command to start irrigation are integrated into an irrigation control command output to start irrigation operation for the Scots pine corresponding to the actual soil moisture parameters. S65. If the actual soil moisture parameter is between the upper and lower deviations, the actual soil moisture is deemed to be qualified and irrigation is not required. If the judgment is qualified, the output of the Pinus sylvestris number and the command to not start irrigation will be combined as an irrigation control command output; S66. If the actual soil moisture parameter is greater than the standard deviation, the actual soil moisture is determined to be too high, and the alarm procedure is activated. If the actual soil moisture is determined to be too high, the Pinus sylvestris number and alarm signal will be output as irrigation control instructions. S67. Repeat the steps of obtaining the comparative soil moisture parameters and the actual soil moisture parameters of the same planting area to generate corresponding irrigation control instructions for each Pinus sylvestris.

[0043] S7. Irrigate each Pinus sylvestris according to the irrigation control instructions.

[0044] Compared with existing technologies, this application selects well-grown Pinus sylvestris plants in the planting area as specimens, and uses parameters from the past calendar year as the basis to construct a standard evaluation model for each planting area. This evaluation model reflects the correlation between runoff, temperature, and soil moisture. Subsequently, comparative soil moisture is generated by runoff and temperature, and the comparative soil moisture is compared with the actual soil moisture to quickly determine whether the soil moisture matches the ambient temperature and the transpiration of the plant. On the one hand, it can monitor the growth status of the plant in real time, so as to replenish water at the first time when the soil is short of water, ensuring the normal growth needs of the plant. On the other hand, this application can separately analyze and judge whether the water content of each plant area meets the requirements, thereby realizing targeted irrigation and improving irrigation efficiency; and when the soil water content meets the requirements, the irrigation system is cut off in time, thereby realizing quantitative irrigation. That is, this application can realize quantitative and targeted irrigation of Pinus sylvestris, avoid water waste, and help improve irrigation efficiency.

[0045] Finally, this application enables the automatic irrigation of Pinus sylvestris, reducing workload while improving irrigation efficiency.

[0046] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and do not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An irrigation system for plantations of Pinus sylvestris, characterized in that, Includes controller (1); The water delivery module has several irrigation modules connected in parallel at its outlet end, and each irrigation module has a solenoid valve (2) electrically connected to the controller (1) at its inlet end. Several temperature monitoring modules, each of which is electrically connected to the controller (1); A plurality of runoff monitoring modules (4), each of the runoff monitoring modules (4) being electrically connected to the controller (1); Several soil moisture monitoring modules (5) are provided, and each of the soil moisture monitoring modules (5) is electrically connected to the controller (1).

2. The irrigation system for Pinus sylvestris plantations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller (1) includes a basic data acquisition module, which is used to acquire the reference runoff parameters, reference soil moisture parameters and reference temperature parameters of the environment of each standard Pinus sylvestris in the past natural year. The model generation module is used to generate standard evaluation models for each planting area based on the reference runoff parameters, reference temperature parameters, and reference soil moisture parameters. The actual data acquisition module is used to acquire the actual runoff parameters, actual ambient temperature parameters, and actual soil moisture parameters of each Pinus sylvestris under real-time conditions. The calculation module is used to generate comparative soil moisture parameters for each planting area based on the actual runoff parameters, the actual ambient temperature parameters, and the standard evaluation models. The comparison module is used to compare the soil moisture parameters to be compared with the actual soil moisture parameters, and to generate irrigation control instructions for each Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica. The control module is used to control the irrigation of each Pinus sylvestris according to the irrigation control instructions.

3. The irrigation system for Pinus sylvestris plantations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water delivery module includes a water storage tank (6) and a water pump (7). The outlet end of the water pump (7) is provided with a main irrigation pipe (8). The irrigation module includes irrigation branch pipes (9). The inlet end of each irrigation branch pipe (9) is connected to the main irrigation pipe (8) through a solenoid valve (2).

4. The irrigation system for Pinus sylvestris plantations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soil moisture monitoring module (5) includes several soil moisture sensors, each of which is arranged around the Pinus sylvestris to be monitored and buried at different soil depths.

5. An irrigation method for an irrigation system for Pinus sylvestris plantations according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The Scots pine plantation was divided into several planting areas based on natural conditions, and at least one standard Scots pine was selected in each planting area. Obtain the reference runoff parameters, reference soil moisture parameters, and reference temperature parameters of the environment for each standard Pinus sylvestris in the past natural year; Based on the reference runoff parameters, reference temperature parameters, and reference soil moisture parameters, standard evaluation models are generated for each planting area. The actual runoff parameters, actual ambient temperature parameters, and actual soil moisture parameters of each Pinus sylvestris were obtained respectively. Based on the actual runoff parameters, the actual ambient temperature parameters, and the standard evaluation models, comparative soil moisture parameters are generated for each planting area. Compare the soil moisture parameters described above with the actual soil moisture parameters described above, and generate irrigation control instructions for each Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica. Irrigation control is performed on each Pinus sylvestris according to the irrigation control instructions.

6. The irrigation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The process of obtaining reference runoff parameters, reference soil moisture parameters, and reference temperature parameters of the environment for each standard Pinus sylvestris in the past natural year includes the following steps: Obtain all runoff parameters, soil moisture parameters, and ambient temperature parameters of any standard Pinus sylvestris in the past natural year; Set a monitoring period, and based on the sampling time, group the runoff parameters belonging to the same monitoring period into a group, wherein the monitoring period is at least one natural day; Calculate the average value of each of the runoff parameters in the same group, and use this average value as the reference runoff parameter R. t、aj , where t represents the number assigned according to the monitoring cycle, a represents the number of the planting area, and j represents the number of Pinus sylvestris; Temperature parameters belonging to the same monitoring cycle are grouped together. Calculate the average value of each of the aforementioned temperature parameters for the same monitoring period, and use this average value as the reference temperature parameter T. t、aj , where t represents the number assigned according to the monitoring cycle, a represents the number of the planting area, and j represents the number of Pinus sylvestris; Based on the sampling time, soil moisture parameters belonging to the same day are grouped together; Calculate the average value of each of the soil moisture parameters for the same monitoring period, and use this average value as the reference soil moisture parameter S. t、aj , where t represents the number assigned according to the monitoring cycle, a represents the number of the planting area, and j represents the number of Pinus sylvestris; Repeat the steps of obtaining all runoff parameters, soil moisture parameters, and ambient temperature parameters of any standard Scots pine in the past natural year until all reference runoff parameters, reference temperature parameters, and reference soil moisture parameters of all standard Scots pines are obtained.

7. The irrigation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The standard evaluation model is generated for each planting area based on the reference runoff parameters, reference temperature parameters, and reference soil moisture parameters. Extract the reference runoff parameters, reference temperature parameters, and reference soil moisture parameters of each standard Pinus sylvestris in any planting area; Calculate the standard runoff parameters, standard temperature parameters, and standard soil moisture parameters for the planting area based on the reference runoff parameters, reference temperature parameters, and reference soil moisture parameters mentioned above. A set of standard parameters {(R'1, T'1, S'1)} is generated based on the aforementioned standard runoff parameters, standard temperature parameters, and standard soil moisture parameters. a (R'2, T'2, S'2) a ... (R' t 、T' t S' t ) a ... (R' n 、T' n S' n ) a }; where t represents the number assigned based on the monitoring cycle, n represents the number of monitoring cycles, and a represents the number of the planting area; A standard surface is obtained by fitting the standard parameter set. Repeat the steps of extracting the reference runoff parameters, reference temperature parameters, and reference soil moisture parameters for any planting area to obtain the standard surfaces of all planting areas. Then, aggregate the standard surfaces into the same set to generate a standard evaluation model.

8. The irrigation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The calculation of the standard runoff parameters, standard temperature parameters, and standard soil moisture parameters for the planting area based on the aforementioned reference runoff parameters, reference temperature parameters, and reference soil moisture parameters includes the following steps: The reference runoff parameters belonging to the same monitoring period are grouped together, and the average value of each reference runoff parameter is taken as the standard runoff parameter of the planting area in that monitoring period. The reference temperature parameters belonging to the same monitoring period are grouped together, and the average value of each reference temperature parameter is taken as the standard temperature parameter of the planting area within the monitoring period. The reference soil moisture parameters belonging to the same monitoring period are grouped together, and the average value of each reference soil moisture parameter is taken as the standard soil moisture parameter of the planting area in that monitoring period. Repeat the above steps to obtain all standard runoff parameters, standard temperature parameters, and standard soil moisture parameters for the planting area within a natural year.

9. The irrigation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The actual runoff parameters, actual ambient temperature parameters, and actual soil moisture parameters of each Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica were obtained respectively. Set the monitoring cycle and sampling frequency; Acquire all collected runoff parameters within the monitoring period and calculate their average value, then output the average value as the actual runoff parameter; Acquire all collected ambient temperature parameters within the monitoring period and calculate their average value, then output the average value as the actual ambient temperature parameter. Acquire all collected soil moisture parameters within the monitoring period, and calculate the actual soil moisture parameter based on each soil moisture parameter; wherein the expression for the actual soil moisture parameter is as follows: S 加权 This represents the weighted soil moisture parameter, and the calculation expression for the weighted soil moisture parameter is as follows: where a1, a2 and a i The weights are represented by , i represents the number of the soil moisture parameter collection point, and m represents the number of groups of soil moisture parameters collected.

10. The irrigation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The comparison of each of the soil moisture parameters and each of the actual soil moisture parameters generates irrigation control instructions for each Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica. Set error redundancy; Obtain comparative soil moisture parameters and actual soil moisture parameters for the same planting area; The upper standard deviation and lower standard deviation are calculated based on the error redundancy and the soil moisture parameters. If the actual soil moisture parameters are lower than the standard deviation, irrigation is required, and irrigation operations are initiated for the Pinus sylvestris corresponding to the actual soil moisture parameters. If the actual soil moisture parameter is between the upper and lower deviations, the actual soil moisture is deemed acceptable and irrigation is not required. If the actual soil moisture parameter is greater than the standard deviation, the actual soil moisture is determined to be too high, and the alarm procedure is activated. Repeat the steps of obtaining the comparative soil moisture parameters and the actual soil moisture parameters of the same planting area to generate corresponding irrigation control instructions for each Pinus sylvestris.

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