Full-automatic aggregate screening detection structure and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a full-automatic aggregate screening detection structure and method, the structure comprises a storage bin, a screening mechanism, a vibration mechanism, a transparent cover and a display screen, the screening mechanism comprises a screening cylinder, a matched screen, a weight sensor and a valve which are stacked, a rotating mechanism provides rotating power, and a control module is linked with all parts. According to the method, detection is completed through parameter input, sample adding, automatic feeding, rotary vibration screening, data acquisition and calculation, graded discharging and self-cleaning. The aggregate screening device realizes aggregate screening full-process automation, improves efficiency and precision, reduces manual intervention, is suitable for aggregate quality detection in the fields of constructional engineering and the like, and meets high-precision and high-efficiency detection requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aggregate screening technology in construction engineering, specifically to a fully automatic aggregate screening and testing structure and method. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of construction engineering, aggregate particle size distribution is a core indicator determining the mechanical properties and durability of key building materials such as concrete and asphalt mixtures. Its test results directly affect the safety and stability of engineering structures. Currently, the industry mainly uses sieving to determine aggregate particle size distribution. The equipment used includes vibrating screens, drum screens, and spiral screens, among which vibrating screens are the most widely used due to their simple structure and low cost. These devices use mechanical vibration or rotation to force aggregates through screens of different apertures, achieving particle classification. Finally, combined with manual weighing or semi-automatic weighing methods, the sieving data is obtained, providing a basis for building material mix design and engineering quality control.

[0003] However, existing technologies face numerous challenges in practical applications: Firstly, traditional sieving operations rely on manual intervention, requiring manual completion of everything from sample addition and sieve shaking to grading and weighing. This process is not only cumbersome and inefficient (a single test typically takes over 30 minutes) but also incurs significant labor costs. Secondly, the randomness of manual operation (such as inconsistent vibration intensity and sieving time) and weighing errors (reading deviations can reach ±5%) result in poor accuracy and repeatability of test results, failing to meet the high-precision testing requirements of modern engineering. Even semi-automatic equipment still requires manual intervention in feed control and post-screening aggregate collection, limiting automation and commonly exhibiting problems such as sieve clogging and incomplete grading, further restricting testing efficiency and data reliability.

[0004] Therefore, how to invent a fully automatic aggregate screening and detection structure and method to solve the problems of cumbersome operation, low efficiency and high labor costs caused by the reliance on manual labor in existing technologies has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address this, the present invention provides a fully automated aggregate screening and testing structure and method. Through an integrated structure that automatically feeds, screens, weighs, calculates, and discharges, it solves the problems of cumbersome operation, low efficiency, and high labor costs caused by reliance on manual labor in existing technologies. By precisely controlling screening parameters and using high-precision weighing, it eliminates human error and improves the accuracy and repeatability of results. The fully automated design overcomes the limitations of semi-automatic equipment requiring manual intervention, meeting the requirements for efficient and high-precision testing.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a fully automatic aggregate screening and detection structure, comprising a storage bin, a screening mechanism, a rotating mechanism, a transparent cover, and a display screen; the storage bin is disposed on the upper part of the screening mechanism; the screening mechanism is disposed on the upper part of the rotating mechanism, and the screening mechanism is connected to the rotating mechanism through a ball connection structure; the transparent cover is disposed on the outside of the main structure, and the transparent cover is composed of two semi-circular covers joined together to form a cylinder, and the transparent cover has a rotating shaft and an opening; the display screen is disposed on the upper part of the transparent cover.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of a fully automatic aggregate screening and detection structure, the screening mechanism has an upper base at the top and a lower base at the bottom; the screening mechanism has several screening cylinders in the middle; the screening cylinders are stacked between the upper base and the lower base by three support columns; the lower base is connected to the rotating mechanism by a ball connection structure.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of a fully automatic aggregate screening and detection structure, a screen with a set aperture is fixed in the middle of the screening cylinder via a flange; the screening cylinder is fixedly connected to the support column via a locking block seat; the screening cylinder is equipped with a tension sensor and a vibration motor; a discharge port is provided on one side of the screening cylinder; a discharge gate is provided at the discharge port; a discharge channel is provided on the outside of the screening mechanism; the discharge gate is connected to the discharge channel and is used to transfer the aggregate to the collection box through the discharge channel;

[0009] Weighing sensors are provided at the bottom of the storage bin and at the bottom of each screening cylinder; the weighing sensors are fixed to the support column by brackets.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of a fully automatic aggregate screening and detection structure, the bottom of the storage bin is provided with a discharge port; the middle of the upper base is provided with a feed port; the discharge port and the feed port correspond to each other so that the aggregate enters the screening mechanism.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of a fully automatic aggregate screening and detection structure, the rotating mechanism includes a rotating machine, a counterweight mechanism, a rotary motor, and a rubber spring; the counterweight mechanism is located at the bottom of the lower base; the rotating machine is connected to the rotary motor via a transmission belt, and the rotary motor drives the rotating machine to rotate; the top of the rubber spring is connected to the bottom of the lower base to stabilize the rotation of the lower base.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of a fully automatic aggregate screening and detection structure, the tensile sensor, the weighing sensor, and the display screen are all connected to the control module via data cables; the control module controls the discharge gate, the discharge port, the rotary motor, and the vibration motor through a controller.

[0013] This invention also provides a fully automated aggregate screening and testing method, comprising:

[0014] The input parameters are set and input into the device control module; the device control module automatically matches the corresponding screen combination and calibrates the weighing sensor.

[0015] The target aggregate is added to the storage bin, and the total mass of the target aggregate is obtained by the weighing sensor at the bottom of the storage bin.

[0016] The equipment control module controls the opening of the discharge port of the storage silo according to the set input parameters, so as to input the target aggregate into the screening cylinder;

[0017] The equipment control module controls the rotary motor and the vibration motor to drive the screening cylinder to rotate and vibrate according to the set speed and vibration frequency based on the set input parameters; the screening cylinder screens the target aggregate through rotation and vibration; the weighing sensor of each layer of the screening cylinder collects the retained screening mass data in real time;

[0018] Once the set screening time is reached, screening is stopped; based on the total mass of the target aggregate and the mass of the material retained in each layer of the screening cylinder, the single-stage sieve residue rate, cumulative sieve residue rate, and fineness modulus are calculated, a gradation curve and a test report are generated, and displayed on the screen.

[0019] The equipment control module opens the discharge valves of the screening cylinder sequentially from the bottom to the top, allowing the aggregate of the corresponding screen layer to fall into the collection box through the discharge channel; after the discharge is completed, the automatic cleaning program is started for self-cleaning.

[0020] As a preferred solution for a fully automatic aggregate screening and testing method, the set input parameters include: aggregate type, screening time, vibration frequency, rotation speed, screening time, discharge port opening speed, and screening cylinder discharge valve opening interval time.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of a fully automated aggregate screening and testing method, the formula for calculating the single-stage sieve residue rate is as follows:

[0022]

[0023] In the formula, R s For single-stage sieve residue rate; L i The mass retained for each layer of the screening cylinder; L is the total mass of the target aggregate; i is the number of layers in the screening cylinder;

[0024] The formula for calculating the cumulative sieve residue rate is as follows:

[0025]

[0026] In the formula, R zI represents the cumulative sieve residue rate; I represents the number of sieve cylinders.

[0027] The formula for calculating the fineness modulus is:

[0028]

[0029] In the formula, M is the fineness modulus; A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, and A6 are the cumulative sieve residue rates corresponding to each layer of screen with progressively larger apertures, arranged from top to bottom.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment of a fully automated aggregate screening and testing method, the collection box includes several collection layers; the aggregate in each screening cylinder falls into the collection layer through the discharge channel, achieving graded collection.

[0031] This invention has the following advantages: It includes a storage silo, a screening mechanism, a rotating mechanism, a transparent cover, and a display screen. The storage silo is located above the screening mechanism. The screening mechanism is located above the rotating mechanism and is connected to it via a ball joint structure. The transparent cover is composed of two semi-circular covers joined together to form a cylinder, and has a rotating shaft and an opening for easy opening and closing. The transparent cover is located on the outside of the main structure, and the display screen is located on its upper part. This invention inputs set parameters into the equipment control module. The equipment control module automatically matches the corresponding screen combination and calibrates the weighing sensor. The target aggregate is added to the storage silo, and the total mass of the target aggregate is obtained through the weighing sensor at the bottom of the storage silo. The equipment control module controls the outlet of the storage silo to open according to the set input parameters, allowing the target aggregate to enter the screening cylinder. The equipment control module controls the rotating motor and vibrating motor to drive the screening cylinder to rotate and vibrate according to the set speed and vibration frequency. The screening cylinder rotates... The target aggregate is screened by vibration; the weighing sensor of each screening cylinder collects the retained mass data in real time; screening stops when the set screening time is reached; based on the total mass of the target aggregate and the retained mass data of each screening cylinder, the single-stage sieve residue rate, cumulative sieve residue rate and fineness modulus are calculated, a gradation curve and test report are generated and displayed on the display screen; the equipment control module opens the discharge valves of the screening cylinders in sequence from the bottom to the top, allowing the aggregate of the corresponding screening layer to fall into the collection box through the discharge channel; after discharge, the automatic cleaning program is started for self-cleaning. This invention realizes the fully automatic operation of aggregate from feeding, screening, weighing to discharge by linking various components through the control module, reducing manual intervention and saving labor costs. The screening mechanism of this invention combines the rotation of the rotating mechanism and the vibration of the vibrating motor, with a multi-level screen design, to accelerate aggregate grading and significantly shorten the detection time. This invention is equipped with weighing sensors and tension sensors to collect data in real time, which is accurately calculated by the control module to avoid human reading errors and improve the reliability of the results. This invention features intuitive operation via a display screen, a transparent cover for easy observation of the internal components, and a convenient opening and closing mechanism for easy maintenance and cleaning of the screen. The rotating mechanism employs a counterweight and rubber springs to ensure smooth screening, reduce equipment vibration and noise, minimize component wear, and extend service life. The screening cylinder is fixed to the support column via a locking block, facilitating the replacement of screens with different apertures to meet the screening and testing needs of various aggregates. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0033] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed herein, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives that the present invention can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a fully automatic aggregate screening and detection structure provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the screening cylinder structure in a fully automatic aggregate screening and detection structure provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the transparent cover structure in a fully automatic aggregate screening and detection structure provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a fully automated aggregate screening and testing method provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0038] In the diagram, 1. Storage silo; 2. Screening mechanism; 3. Rotating mechanism; 4. Transparent cover; 5. Display screen; 6. Upper base; 7. Lower base; 8. Screening cylinder; 9. Support column; 10. Screen; 11. Block seat; 12. Tension sensor; 13. Discharge port; 14. Discharge gate; 15. Discharge channel; 16. Discharge port; 17. Inlet; 18. Rotating machine; 19. Counterweight mechanism; 20. Rotary motor; 21. Rubber spring. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] See Figure 1 Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a fully automatic aggregate screening and detection structure, including a storage bin 1, a screening mechanism 2, a rotating mechanism 3, a transparent cover 4, and a display screen 5; the storage bin 1 is disposed on the upper part of the screening mechanism 2; the screening mechanism 2 is disposed on the upper part of the rotating mechanism 3 and is connected to the rotating mechanism 3 through a ball connection structure; the transparent cover 4 is composed of two semi-circular covers joined together to form a cylinder, and is provided with a rotating shaft and an opening for easy opening and closing; the transparent cover 4 is disposed on the outside of the main structure, and the display screen 5 is disposed on the upper part.

[0042] Specifically, regarding the vertical relationship between the storage silo 1 and the screening mechanism 2, the storage silo 1 is positioned above the screening mechanism 2, ensuring that the aggregate can fall naturally into the screening mechanism 2 under gravity, providing a raw material base for subsequent screening. The screening mechanism 2 and the rotating mechanism 3 are connected by a ball joint structure, allowing the screening mechanism 2 to rotate at multiple angles under the drive of the rotating mechanism 3, enhancing the screening effect. Figure 3 As shown, the transparent cover 4 adopts a design of two semi-circular covers spliced ​​together with a rotating shaft and an opening, which facilitates the observation and maintenance of the internal structure and forms a closed space during the screening process to prevent aggregate splashing and dust diffusion. The display screen 5 on its upper part is used to display screening data and equipment operating status in real time, realizing human-machine interaction.

[0043] In this embodiment, the screening mechanism 2 is provided with an upper base 6 at the top and a lower base 7 at the bottom; a plurality of screening cylinders 8 are provided in the middle of the screening mechanism 2; the screening cylinders 8 are stacked between the upper base 6 and the lower base 7 by three support columns 9; the lower base 7 is connected to the rotating mechanism 3 by a ball connection structure.

[0044] Specifically, the upper base 6 and lower base 7 provide a stable upper and lower support frame for the screening mechanism 2. Three support columns 9 are evenly distributed between them, forming a stable triangular structure to ensure the stability of the screening cylinders 8 when stacked. The stacking of several screening cylinders 8 allows for multi-stage screening of aggregates, meeting the separation requirements of aggregates with different particle sizes. The lower base 7 and the rotating mechanism 3 are connected by a ball joint, enabling the rotating mechanism 3 to drive the entire screening mechanism 2 to rotate. Combined with the vibration of the screening cylinders 8 themselves, this further improves the efficiency and thoroughness of aggregate screening.

[0045] In this embodiment, a screen 10 with a set aperture is fixed in the middle of the screening cylinder 8 via a flange; the screening cylinder 8 is fixed to the support column 9 via a locking block seat 11; the screening cylinder 8 is equipped with a tension sensor 12 and a vibration motor; a discharge port 13 is provided on one side of the screening cylinder 8; a discharge gate 14 is provided at the discharge port 13; a discharge channel 15 is provided on the outside of the screening mechanism 2; the discharge gate 14 is connected to the discharge channel 15 and is used to transfer aggregate to the collection box through the discharge channel 15; a weighing sensor is provided at the bottom of the storage bin 1 and at the bottom of each screening cylinder 8; the weighing sensor is fixed to the support column 9 by a bracket.

[0046] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the screen 10 is fixed to the middle of the screening cylinder 8 by a flange, ensuring the screen's installation is firm and airtight. Screens with different aperture sizes can be replaced according to testing requirements, achieving precise screening of aggregates of different particle sizes. The locking block seat 11 secures the screening cylinder 8 to the support column 9, ensuring that the screening cylinder will not shift during screening. The tension sensor 12 monitors the changes in tension on the screening cylinder 8, and, in conjunction with the vibration generated by the vibrating motor, allows the aggregate to move fully on the screen 10, improving screening efficiency. The discharge port 13 and discharge gate 14 are connected to the discharge channel 15. After screening, the discharge gate 14 opens, and the aggregate can enter the collection box through the discharge channel 15 for graded collection. The weighing sensor at the bottom of the storage bin 1 is used to measure the initial total mass of the aggregate, while the weighing sensor at the bottom of each screening cylinder 8 measures the mass of the aggregate remaining in the cylinder in real time, providing data support for subsequent calculation of screening results. The weighing sensors are fixed to the support column 9, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the measurement.

[0047] In this embodiment, the bottom of the storage bin 1 is provided with a discharge port 16; the middle of the upper base 6 is provided with a feed port 17; the discharge port 16 and the feed port 17 correspond to each other to ensure that the aggregate enters the screening mechanism 2.

[0048] Specifically, the discharge port 16 at the bottom of the storage silo 1 corresponds to the inlet port 17 in the middle of the upper base 6, forming a channel for aggregate to enter the screening mechanism 2 from the storage silo. This correspondence ensures that the aggregate can accurately and smoothly enter the upper screening cylinder 8 of the screening mechanism 2, avoiding aggregate spillage, ensuring the continuity and stability of the screening process, and laying the foundation for subsequent multi-stage screening.

[0049] In this embodiment, the rotating mechanism 3 includes a rotating machine 18, a counterweight mechanism 19, a rotary motor 20, and a rubber spring 21; the counterweight mechanism 19 is disposed at the bottom of the lower base 7; the rotating machine 18 is connected to the rotary motor 20 via a transmission belt, and the rotary motor 20 drives the rotating machine 18 to rotate; the top of the rubber spring 21 is connected to the bottom of the lower base 7 to ensure the rotational stability of the lower base 7.

[0050] Specifically, the rotary motor 20 drives the rotating machine 18 to rotate via a transmission belt. The rotating machine 18 then drives the lower base 7 and the entire screening mechanism 2 to rotate, providing rotational power for aggregate screening. A counterweight mechanism 19 is installed at the bottom of the lower base 7 to balance the centrifugal force generated during rotation, preventing the equipment from swaying due to a shift in the center of gravity. The rubber spring 21 has good elasticity and shock absorption performance; its top is in contact with the bottom of the lower base 7, effectively absorbing vibrations generated during rotation, ensuring the stability of the rotation of the lower base 7 and the entire screening mechanism 2, reducing equipment wear, and extending service life.

[0051] In this embodiment, the tension sensor 12, the weighing sensor, and the display screen 5 are all connected to the control module via data cables; the control module controls the discharge gate 14, the discharge port 16, the rotary motor 20, and the vibration motor through a controller.

[0052] Specifically, the force sensor 12 and the load cell transmit the collected force and mass data to the control module via a data cable. The control module analyzes and processes this data and displays the results on the display screen 5. Simultaneously, based on a preset program and real-time data, the control module precisely controls the opening and closing of the discharge gate 14 and the discharge port 16, as well as the operating status of the rotary motor 20 and the vibrating motor, through the controller. This achieves a fully automated process for aggregates from feeding and screening to discharge, ensuring the accuracy and efficiency of the screening process.

[0053] In summary, the implementation process of this invention is as follows:

[0054] I. Initial Preparation Stage:

[0055] The operator places the aggregate sample to be tested into storage silo 1 and closes the transparent cover 4 (the two semi-circular covers are closed via a rotating shaft to form a closed space to prevent aggregate splashing and dust diffusion during the sieving process). The operator sets the sieving parameters (such as sieving time, rotation speed, vibration frequency, etc.) via display screen 5, and the parameter signals are transmitted to the control module to complete equipment initialization. At this time, the weighing sensor at the bottom of storage silo 1 automatically collects the total mass of the sample and feeds it back to the control module, providing basic data for subsequent calculation of the sieving results.

[0056] II. Feeding process:

[0057] After receiving the start command, the control module opens the discharge port 16 at the bottom of the storage silo 1 via the controller. Since the storage silo 1 is located above the screening mechanism 2, and the discharge port 16 corresponds to the inlet port 17 in the middle of the upper base 6, the aggregate enters the uppermost screening cylinder 8 of the screening mechanism 2 through the inlet port 17 under gravity. During this process, the opening and closing degree of the discharge port 16 is adjusted by the control module according to preset parameters to ensure that the aggregate enters the screening system uniformly and stably, avoiding clogging of the screen 10 or insufficient screening due to excessively fast feeding.

[0058] III. Screening process:

[0059] The control module activates the rotary motor 20 of the rotating mechanism 3 and the vibrating motor of the screening cylinder 8. The rotary motor 20 drives the rotating machine 18 to rotate via a transmission belt. The rotating machine 18 drives the lower base 7 and the entire screening mechanism 2 to rotate via a ball connection structure (the ball connection structure allows the screening mechanism 2 to oscillate at a certain angle during rotation, enhancing the aggregate dispersion effect); simultaneously, the vibrating motor drives the screening cylinder 8 to vibrate at high frequency. The synergistic effect of rotation and vibration causes the aggregate to tumble and disperse fully on the screen 10, accelerating the separation of particles of different sizes.

[0060] Several screening cylinders 8 of the screening mechanism 2 are stacked from top to bottom via three support columns 9. The aperture of the screen 10 in the middle of each layer of screening cylinders 8 decreases sequentially (e.g., the upper layer has a large aperture, and the lower layer has a small aperture). After the aggregate enters the uppermost screening cylinder 8, particles smaller than the aperture of the screen 10 in that layer pass through the screen and fall into the next screening cylinder 8, while particles larger than the aperture remain in that layer. This process is carried out sequentially in the multi-layer screening cylinders 8 to achieve step-by-step grading of the aggregate.

[0061] During the screening process, the counterweight mechanism 19 of the rotating mechanism 3 balances the centrifugal force generated when the screening mechanism 2 rotates, preventing the center of gravity of the equipment from shifting; the top of the rubber spring 21 is connected to the lower base 7, absorbing the impact force generated by rotation and vibration, ensuring stable operation of the screening process and reducing equipment wear.

[0062] IV. Data Acquisition and Processing:

[0063] The weighing sensor at the bottom of each screening cylinder 8 measures the mass of the aggregate retained in that layer in real time, and the tension sensor 12 monitors the change in tension on the screening cylinder 8 during vibration and rotation (indirectly reflecting the uniformity of aggregate distribution). The data is transmitted to the control module via a data line.

[0064] The control module automatically calculates parameters such as single-stage sieve residue rate and cumulative sieve residue rate based on the total mass collected by the weighing sensor at the bottom of the storage silo 1 and the real-time sieve residue mass of each screening cylinder 8, and generates a particle size distribution curve. The results are displayed on the display screen 5 in real time.

[0065] V. Discharge and Cleaning:

[0066] After the screening time reaches the preset value, the control module sequentially shuts down the rotary motor 20 and the vibration motor. Then, the controller opens the discharge gates 14 of each screening cylinder 8 in order from bottom to top (to avoid mixing aggregates of different sizes): each layer of aggregate enters the corresponding discharge channel 15 through the discharge port 13, and finally falls into the collection box for graded collection. After discharge, the operator can open the cover through the opening of the transparent cover 4 to remove the graded aggregate from the collection box, which also facilitates cleaning residual particles on the screen 10, preparing for the next test.

[0067] Example 2

[0068] See Figure 2 Embodiment 2 of the present invention also provides a fully automated aggregate screening and detection method, comprising:

[0069] S1. Input the set input parameters into the device control module; the device control module automatically matches the corresponding screen combination and calibrates the weighing sensor;

[0070] S2. Add the target aggregate to the storage bin and obtain the total mass of the target aggregate through the weighing sensor at the bottom of the storage bin;

[0071] S3. The equipment control module controls the opening of the discharge port of the storage silo according to the set input parameters, so as to input the target aggregate into the screening cylinder;

[0072] S4. The equipment control module controls the rotary motor and the vibration motor to drive the screening cylinder to rotate and vibrate according to the set input parameters and the set speed and vibration frequency; the screening cylinder screens the target aggregate through rotation and vibration; the weighing sensor of each layer of the screening cylinder collects the retained screening mass data in real time;

[0073] S5. When the set screening time is reached, the screening is stopped; based on the total mass of the target aggregate and the sieve retention mass data of each layer of the screening cylinder, the single-stage sieve residue rate, cumulative sieve residue rate and fineness modulus are calculated, the gradation curve and test report are generated and displayed on the display screen;

[0074] S6. The equipment control module opens the discharge valves of the screening cylinder in sequence from the bottom to the top, so that the aggregate of the corresponding screen layer falls into the collection box through the discharge channel; after the discharge is completed, the automatic cleaning program is started to perform self-cleaning.

[0075] In this embodiment, in step S1, the set input parameters are input to the device control module; the device control module automatically matches the corresponding screen combination and calibrates the weighing sensor;

[0076] Specifically, the input parameters include aggregate type (such as crushed stone, manufactured sand, etc.), screening time (usually 5-15 minutes), rotary motor speed (20-40 r / min), and vibratory motor vibration frequency (30-60 Hz). After the operator inputs these parameters into the control module via the display screen, the control module calls the preset screen combination scheme according to the aggregate type (such as matching screens with apertures of 0.6 mm, 1.18 mm, etc. when detecting fine sand), and simultaneously triggers the zero-point calibration program of the weighing sensor to eliminate the interference of the equipment's own gravity or residual materials on the measurement, ensuring the accuracy of subsequent quality data acquisition.

[0077] In this embodiment, in step S2, the target aggregate is added to the storage bin, and the total mass of the target aggregate is obtained by the weighing sensor at the bottom of the storage bin.

[0078] Specifically, the operator opens the feed inlet of the storage silo and pours the pre-treated target aggregate (with impurities removed and particle size not exceeding the maximum screen aperture) into the silo. Note that the material quantity should not exceed 80% of the silo's volume to prevent overflow. After closing the feed inlet, the weighing sensor at the bottom of the silo immediately weighs the aggregate and transmits the total mass data to the control module in real time for storage. This data serves as the benchmark for subsequent calculations of the sieve residue rate, providing a basis for the accuracy of the screening results.

[0079] In this embodiment, in step S3, the equipment control module controls the outlet of the storage bin to open according to the set input parameters, so as to input the target aggregate into the screening cylinder;

[0080] Specifically, based on the set feeding speed parameters (e.g., 2-5 g / s), the control module opens the discharge gate at the bottom of the storage silo via the controller. The opening width of the gate is dynamically adjusted by the control module to ensure uniform aggregate drop. Since the discharge port at the bottom of the storage silo corresponds to the feed port on the base of the screening mechanism, the aggregate accurately enters the uppermost screening cylinder under gravity, avoiding spillage and quality loss, and ensuring the continuity of the screening process.

[0081] In this embodiment, in step S4, the equipment control module controls the rotary motor and the vibration motor to drive the screening cylinder to rotate and vibrate according to the set input parameters and the set speed and vibration frequency; the screening cylinder screens the target aggregate through rotation and vibration; the weighing sensor of each layer of the screening cylinder collects the retained screening mass data in real time;

[0082] Specifically, the control module sends drive signals to the rotary motor and the vibrating motor. The rotary motor drives the rotating machine to rotate at a set speed via a transmission belt, which in turn causes the entire screening mechanism to rotate, generating centrifugal force that disperses the aggregate on the screen surface. The vibrating motor drives the screening cylinder to vibrate at a set frequency, pushing small-diameter aggregate through the screen. Under the combined action of these two movements, particles smaller than the screen aperture fall into the lower screening cylinder, while particles larger than the aperture remain. At the same time, the weighing sensor at the bottom of each screening cylinder collects the retained mass data once per second and feeds it back to the control module in real time to dynamically monitor the screening progress.

[0083] In this embodiment, in step S5, screening is stopped after the set screening time is reached; based on the total mass of the target aggregate and the sieve retention mass data of each layer of the screening cylinder, the single-stage sieve residue rate, cumulative sieve residue rate and fineness modulus are calculated, a gradation curve and a test report are generated, and displayed on the display screen;

[0084] Specifically, when the control module detects that the screening time has reached the set value, it immediately stops the rotary motor and the vibrating motor. Then, it calls the built-in algorithm to calculate the core parameters of single-stage sieve residue rate and cumulative sieve residue rate, and for sand aggregates, it also calculates the fineness modulus. Finally, these data are converted into gradation curves and a test report containing information such as detection time and equipment number, which are displayed intuitively on the screen for easy viewing by operators.

[0085] The formula for calculating the single-stage sieve residue rate is as follows:

[0086]

[0087] In the formula, R s For single-stage sieve residue rate; L i The mass retained for each layer of the screening cylinder; L is the total mass of the target aggregate; i is the number of layers in the screening cylinder;

[0088] The formula for calculating the cumulative sieve residue rate is as follows:

[0089]

[0090] In the formula, R z I represents the cumulative sieve residue rate; I represents the number of sieve cylinders.

[0091] The formula for calculating the fineness modulus is:

[0092]

[0093] In the formula, M is the fineness modulus; A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, and A6 are the cumulative sieve residue rates corresponding to each layer of screen with progressively larger apertures, arranged from top to bottom.

[0094] In this embodiment, in step S6, the equipment control module sequentially opens the discharge valves of the screening cylinder from the bottom layer to the top layer, so that the aggregate of the corresponding screen layer falls into the collection box through the discharge channel; after the discharge is completed, the automatic cleaning program is started to perform self-cleaning.

[0095] Specifically, the control module sends opening commands to the discharge gates of each screening cylinder sequentially from the bottom to the top. Each gate remains open for 5-10 seconds to ensure that the aggregate remaining in that layer enters the corresponding discharge channel through the discharge port and finally falls into the collection box below, preventing mixing of aggregates of different sizes. After all gates close, the control module initiates an automatic cleaning program: the screening cylinder rotates in the opposite direction for 10 seconds to shake off residual particles, and a high-pressure air pump blows air onto the screen for 30 seconds to remove fine material clogging the pores, preparing for the next inspection.

[0096] The collection box includes several collection layers; the aggregate in each layer of the screening cylinder falls into the collection layer through the discharge channel to achieve graded collection.

[0097] In summary, this invention addresses the need for rigorous testing of the particle size distribution of aggregates used in concrete, asphalt mixtures, and other building materials before and during construction to ensure that the performance of these materials meets standards. This invention enables rapid and accurate aggregate screening testing, providing reliable data support for quality testing institutions and helping them control the quality of engineering materials.

[0098] Aggregate production enterprises need to conduct real-time testing of the produced aggregates during the production process to adjust production techniques and ensure that products meet relevant standards and customer requirements. This invention enables continuous and automated testing, improving production efficiency, reducing labor costs, and ensuring product quality stability.

[0099] Road and bridge construction places extremely high demands on the particle size distribution of aggregates, directly affecting the strength and durability of the project. Equipping the construction site with this invention allows for timely testing of incoming aggregates, preventing the use of substandard aggregates and ensuring the quality of road and bridge construction.

[0100] When conducting research on building materials, research institutions often need to analyze the particle size distribution of aggregates of different types and specifications. This invention can provide high-precision test data, providing strong experimental support for researchers to study the relationship between aggregate properties and building material properties.

[0101] The concrete and other materials used in water conservancy projects have strict requirements for aggregate quality. This invention can be used for the screening and testing of aggregates in water conservancy project construction to ensure that the aggregates used meet the engineering design requirements and to guarantee the safety and stability of water conservancy projects.

[0102] The present invention has been described in a relatively specific and detailed manner above through general descriptions and specific embodiments. It should be understood that, based on the technical concept of the present invention, several conventional adjustments or further innovations can be made to these specific embodiments; however, as long as they do not depart from the technical concept of the present invention, the technical solutions obtained by these conventional adjustments or further innovations also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fully automatic aggregate screening and detection structure, characterized in that, It includes a storage bin (1), a screening mechanism (2), a rotating mechanism (3), a transparent cover (4), and a display screen (5); the storage bin (1) is located on the upper part of the screening mechanism (2); the screening mechanism (2) is located on the upper part of the rotating mechanism (3), and the screening mechanism (2) is connected to the rotating mechanism (3) through a ball connection structure; the transparent cover (4) is located on the outside of the main structure, and the transparent cover (4) is composed of two semi-circular covers joined together to form a cylinder, and the transparent cover (4) is provided with a rotating shaft and an opening; the display screen (5) is located on the upper part of the transparent cover (4).

2. The fully automatic aggregate screening and detection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The screening mechanism (2) has an upper base (6) at the top and a lower base (7) at the bottom; the screening mechanism (2) has several screening cylinders (8) in the middle; the screening cylinders (8) are stacked between the upper base (6) and the lower base (7) by three support columns (9); the lower base (7) is connected to the rotating mechanism (3) by a ball connection structure.

3. The fully automatic aggregate screening and detection structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The screening cylinder (8) has a screen (10) with a set aperture fixed in the middle by a flange; the screening cylinder (8) is fixed to the support column (9) by a locking block seat (11); the screening cylinder (8) is equipped with a tension sensor (12) and a vibration motor; a discharge port (13) is provided on one side of the screening cylinder (8); a discharge gate (14) is provided at the discharge port (13); a discharge channel (15) is provided on the outside of the screening mechanism (2); the discharge gate (14) is connected to the discharge channel (15) and is used to transfer the aggregate to the collection box through the discharge channel (15); Weighing sensors are provided at the bottom of the storage bin (1) and at the bottom of each screening cylinder (8); the weighing sensors are fixed on the support column (9) by brackets.

4. The fully automatic aggregate screening and detection structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The storage bin (1) has a discharge port (16) at the bottom; the upper base (6) has a feed port (17) in the middle; the discharge port (16) and the feed port (17) correspond to each other so that the aggregate enters the screening mechanism (2).

5. The fully automatic aggregate screening and detection structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rotating mechanism (3) includes a rotating machine (18), a counterweight mechanism (19), a rotary motor (20), and a rubber spring (21); the counterweight mechanism (19) is located at the bottom of the lower base (7); the rotating machine (18) is connected to the rotary motor (20) via a transmission belt, and the rotary motor (20) drives the rotating machine (18) to rotate; the top of the rubber spring (21) is connected to the bottom of the lower base (7) to stabilize the rotation of the lower base (7).

6. The fully automatic aggregate screening and detection structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The tension sensor (12), the weighing sensor and the display screen (5) are all connected to the control module via data lines; the control module controls the discharge gate (14), the discharge port (16), the rotary motor (20) and the vibration motor through a controller.

7. A fully automated aggregate screening and testing method, characterized in that, include: The input parameters will be set and entered into the device control module; The equipment control module automatically matches the corresponding screen combination and calibrates the weighing sensor; The target aggregate is added to the storage bin, and the total mass of the target aggregate is obtained by the weighing sensor at the bottom of the storage bin. The equipment control module controls the opening of the discharge port of the storage silo according to the set input parameters, so as to input the target aggregate into the screening cylinder; The equipment control module controls the rotary motor and the vibration motor to drive the screening cylinder to rotate and vibrate according to the set speed and vibration frequency based on the set input parameters; the screening cylinder screens the target aggregate through rotation and vibration; the weighing sensor of each layer of the screening cylinder collects the retained screening mass data in real time; Once the set screening time is reached, screening is stopped; based on the total mass of the target aggregate and the mass of the material retained in each layer of the screening cylinder, the single-stage sieve residue rate, cumulative sieve residue rate, and fineness modulus are calculated, a gradation curve and a test report are generated, and displayed on the screen. The equipment control module opens the discharge valves of the screening cylinder sequentially from the bottom to the top, allowing the aggregate of the corresponding screen layer to fall into the collection box through the discharge channel; after the discharge is completed, the automatic cleaning program is started for self-cleaning.

8. The fully automatic aggregate screening and detection method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The input parameters include: aggregate type, screening time, vibration frequency, rotation speed, screening time, discharge port opening speed, and screening cylinder discharge valve opening interval.

9. The fully automatic aggregate screening and detection method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the single-stage sieve residue rate is as follows: In the formula, R s For single-stage sieve residue rate; L i The mass retained for each layer of the screening cylinder; L is the total mass of the target aggregate; i is the number of layers in the screening cylinder; The formula for calculating the cumulative sieve residue rate is as follows: In the formula, R z I represents the cumulative sieve residue rate; I represents the number of sieve cylinders. The formula for calculating the fineness modulus is: In the formula, M is the fineness modulus; A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, and A6 are the cumulative sieve residue rates corresponding to each layer of screen with progressively larger apertures, arranged from top to bottom.

10. The fully automatic aggregate screening and detection method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The collection box includes several collection layers; the aggregate in each layer of the screening cylinder falls into the collection layer through the discharge channel to achieve graded collection.

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