Medicament for improving tobacco leaf quality and economic benefit and application method

Abstract

The invention discloses a medicament for improving tobacco quality and economic benefit and an application method, the medicament comprises one or more of a slicing medicament, a quality improving medicament, a disease preventing medicament and a nutrition medicament, the slicing medicament comprises NH4NO3, KNO3, NH4SO4, KH2PO4, VC, MgSO4, NAA and aspirin; the quality improving agent is prepared from FeSO4, H3BO3 and MnSO4; the disease prevention medicament is prepared from NH4NO3, KNO3, NH4SO4, KH2PO4, VC (Vitamin C), MgSO4, NAA (Naphthalene Acetic Acid) and aspirin; the nutrient agent is prepared from K2SO4, FeSO4, H3BO3 and MnSO4. Experimental results show that after the improved medicament formula is adopted, the yield, quality and flavor substances of the tobacco leaves are obviously improved, and the method has good practical value for further improving the economic value of the tobacco leaf planting industry. And on the other hand, the inventor further adjusts the bottle insertion type medicament bottle structure in the prior art, so that the bottle insertion type medicament bottle is more suitable for application of tobacco plants.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tobacco cultivation, in particular to a kind of medicine and application method for improving the quality and economic benefit of tobacco leaf. BACKGROUND

[0002] Tobacco belongs to a leaf economic plant, therefore, tobacco leaf size, quality directly determines the economic value of tobacco.In the prior art, in order to ensure good tobacco growth quality, a certain amount of nutrient agent is often sprayed in tobacco growth season to promote tobacco leaf expansion.But because tobacco growth season is mostly summer, at this time, the temperature is higher, therefore, the nutrient agent is sprayed in this season and is dried on the surface of tobacco leaf before being fully absorbed and utilized by tobacco, leading to poor spraying effect (although the relevant nutrient components will subsequently fall with rainwater etc. and not completely wasted by leaching into soil, but cannot directly and effectively promote tobacco growth).

[0003] In the process of garden plant cultivation and management, "infusion", "bottle insertion" and other ways are used to directly treat plants, supplement nutrients or control pests, and the technology has been applied more, but in agricultural production, based on production cost, medicine formula, crop type and other factors, the technology of using external aid to improve crop production conditions is still limited.And tobacco is a high economic value crop, which has certain bearing capacity for increasing planting cost, therefore, it is necessary to combine this external aid technology to further improve tobacco yield, improve tobacco quality and obtain higher economic benefit. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a kind of medicine and application method for improving the quality and economic benefit of tobacco leaf, to further improve the economic benefit of tobacco leaf.

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is solved by the following technical scheme:

[0006] A kind of medicine for improving the quality and economic benefit of tobacco leaf, the medicine includes one or more combinations of leaf expansion agent, quality improvement agent, disease prevention agent and nutrient agent,

[0007] The leaf expansion agent includes the following components by weight: NH4NO3 50-55g, KNO3 50-70g, NH4SO4 20-30g, KH2PO4 30-40g, VC 3-5g, MgSO4 5-10g, NAA 0.1-0.5g, aspirin 50-100g;

[0008] The quality improvement agent includes the following components by weight: FeSO4 300-500g, H3BO3 50-70g, MnSO4 30-50g;

[0009] The disease-preventing agent comprises the following components by weight: NH4NO3 30-40 g, KNO3 30-40 g, NH4SO4 15-20 g, KH2PO4 20-30 g, VC 2-3 g, MgSO4 3-6 g, NAA 0.1-0.3 g, and aspirin 30-60 g.

[0010] The nutrition agent comprises the following components by weight: K2SO4 20-30 g, FeSO 4 4 200-300 g, H3BO3 30-40 g, and MnSO4 20-30 g.

[0011] Preferably, the tablet-opening agent comprises the following components by weight: NH4NO3 51.2 g, KNO3 60 g, NH4SO4 25.6 g, KH2PO4 35.2 g, VC 4 g, MgSO4 8 g, NAA 0.4 g, and aspirin 50-100 g.

[0012] Preferably, the quality-improving agent comprises the following components by weight: FeSO4 400 g, H3BO3 56 g, and MnSO4 40 g.

[0013] Preferably, the disease-preventing agent comprises the following components by weight: NH4NO3 32 g, KNO3 37.5 g, NH4SO4 16 g, KH2PO4 22 g, VC 2.5 g, MgSO4 5 g, NAA 0.25 g, and aspirin 50 g.

[0014] Preferably, the nutrition agent comprises the following components by weight: K2SO4 25 g, FeSO 4 4 250 g, H3BO3 35 g, and MnSO4 25 g.

[0015] Preferably, the agent further comprises an appropriate amount of water, the weight of water in the tablet-opening agent and the quality-improving agent is 80, and the weight of water in the disease-preventing agent and the nutrition agent is 50; when the tablet-opening agent and the quality-improving agent are used, the respective formula materials are uniformly dispersed and dissolved in 80 parts of water; when the disease-preventing agent and the nutrition agent are used, the respective formula materials are uniformly dispersed and dissolved in 50 parts of water.

[0016] A method for improving the quality and economic benefits of tobacco leaves by using agents, which is applied after the topping of tobacco plants, and the dosage of each agent is 1 ml per plant; the using mode is that a bottle-inserting agent bottle is used, and the needle attached to the bottle is inserted into the position of the tobacco leaves along the stem of the tobacco plant at an angle of 45° downward.

[0017] Preferably, in the technical scheme, the bottle-inserted medicine bottle comprises a detachable needle, a needle tube, a bottle cap, and a bottle body. The detachable needle is connected with the outer thread of the end of the needle tube through the inner thread of the front end of the bottle cap. After connection, the inner part of the detachable needle is in communication with the inner part of the needle tube. The inner thread of the inner side of the bottle cap is connected with the outer thread of the upper part of the bottle body. The bottom of the bottle body is provided with a gasket which is attached to the inner wall of the bottle body and can slide on the inner wall of the bottle body.

[0018] A bottle-inserted medicine bottle comprises a detachable needle, a needle tube, a bottle cap, and a bottle body. The detachable needle is connected with the outer thread of the end of the needle tube through the inner thread of the front end of the bottle cap. After connection, the inner part of the detachable needle is in communication with the inner part of the needle tube. The inner thread of the inner side of the bottle cap is connected with the outer thread of the upper part of the bottle body. The bottom of the bottle body is provided with a gasket which is attached to the inner wall of the bottle body and can slide on the inner wall of the bottle body.

[0019] Preferably, in the technical scheme, the front end of the detachable needle and the needle tube is detachably provided with a cap. The bottle body and the gasket are both made of soft and elastic PVC material.

[0020] The above technical scheme of the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] In this application, based on the needs of different physiological periods and disease prevention of tobacco leaves, and on the basis of repeated experiments and improvements, the inventors have further optimized the related pharmaceutical formulations. Preliminary experimental results show that after using the improved pharmaceutical formulations, the yield and quality of tobacco leaves have been significantly improved, which has good practical value for further improving the economic value of tobacco planting industry. On the other hand, the inventors have further adjusted the structure of the bottle-inserted medicine bottle in the prior art to make it more suitable for the application of tobacco plants. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0023] Figure 1 、 Figure 2 The improved bottle-inserted medicine bottle structure provided in this application is shown in the figure;

[0024] Figure 3 The typical tobacco plant growth comparison in the growth period of July;

[0025] Figure 4 The typical tobacco plant growth comparison in the growth period of August;

[0026] Figure 5The comparison chart of the treatment of the middle leaves after picking and roasting (the upper part is the treatment, and the lower part is CK);

[0027] Figure 6 The comparison chart of the treatment of the upper leaves after picking and roasting (the upper part is the treatment, and the lower part is CK). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] Various exemplary embodiments of the present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that the relative arrangement of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments, numerical expressions, and numerical values are not limiting to the scope of the present application unless specifically stated otherwise.

[0029] The experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the materials and reagents used are commercially available unless otherwise specified. The equipment used in the experiments is well known to those skilled in the art unless otherwise specified.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] In order to optimize the application of the pharmaceutical formulation provided in the present application, the inventors have further improved and optimized the bottle-insert type pharmaceutical bottle in the prior art. The structure of the optimized pharmaceutical bottle is shown in Figure 1 The specific structure is as follows:

[0032] The bottle-insert type pharmaceutical bottle comprises: a detachable needle 2 connected to the end of the needle tube 3 of the bottle cap 4 through the internal thread and the external thread provided on the end of the needle tube 3 (i.e. the end of the needle 2 is provided with a protrusion with internal thread, which can better control the insertion depth of the needle 2 on the tobacco plant, and the internal thread at the end of the detachable needle 2 can be connected or separated with the external thread of the needle tube 3 at the top of the bottle cap 4, so as to replace the medicine bottle); after connection, the inside of the detachable needle 2 and the inside of the needle tube 3 are through, and the medicine in the bottle body 5 can flow out; the front end of the detachable needle 2 and the front end of the bottle cap 3 are provided with a cap 1 to avoid accidental injury to the human body in the standby state; the bottle body 5 and the bottle cap 4 can be movably connected through the external thread 6 provided on the upper part of the bottle body 5, or can be directly designed as an integrated bottle body; the bottom of the bottle body 5 is designed with a gasket that can be attached to the inner wall of the bottle body 5 and can slide in the inner wall of the bottle body; its main function is to move the gasket to the bottle opening by pressing the outer wall of the bottle body when there is less medicine in the bottle, so as to more thoroughly squeeze the medicine in the bottle into the tobacco stem; the bottle body 5 is preferably made of soft and elastic PVC material, which can reduce production cost and facilitate the movement of the gasket by pressing the bottle body; the material of the gasket is the same as that of the bottle body 5.

[0033] In use, after removing the cap 1, the detachable needle 2 is inserted into the tobacco plant at an angle of 45° downward along the stem (preferably into the pith cavity of the middle of the stem), at which time the bottle cap 4 connected with the bottle body 5 is integrated with the needle 2, and then the medicament in the bottle body 5 can be slowly absorbed by the tobacco plant through the needle tube; when the medicament in the bottle body 5 is absorbed by the tobacco plant or needs to be replaced with a different type of medicament, the bottle cap 4 is separated from the detachable needle 2 by rotating, and the bottle body can be replaced.

[0034] It should be explained that the reason why the technical solution of inserting the bottle cap with the needle into the tobacco stem and only replacing the bottle body is not adopted in the present application is mainly that the bottle body has a relatively wide opening, and if the bottle body is directly replaced, the medicament is easy to spill. The replacement design is mainly to reduce the damage to the tobacco stem caused by frequent insertion of the needle into the tobacco stem or replacement of the needle.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] Based on the pre-experiment of screening of the medicament formula, the inventors conducted an actual field experiment in Daba Village, Yongde County, Lincang, Yunnan in 2021, and the specific experimental process and results are briefly introduced as follows.

[0037] (1) Experimental process:

[0038] Taking Yunyan 99 as the experimental variety, the tobacco plants were transplanted in the field on May 1, and the actual application experiment of different types of medicaments was conducted on July 9 after topping. After the tobacco plants were topped, the medicament bottle designed in Example 1 was used, and the needle was inserted into the position of the lower two layers of tobacco leaves at an angle of 45° downward with the bottom of the bottle.

[0039] One control group and four different functional type medicament treatment groups (treatment 1, treatment 2, treatment 3 and treatment 4) were set up in the experiment; 24 tobacco plants in each treatment, a total of 120 tobacco plants. The control group was not treated with any medicament, but was planted according to the conventional management; the medicaments used in the four medicament treatment groups are as follows:

[0040] Treatment 1: for tobacco leaf expansion, the expansion medicament combination is designed as follows:

[0041] NH4NO3 51.2g, KNO3 60g, NH4SO4 25.6g, KH2PO4 35.2g, VC 4g, MgSO48g, NAA 0.4g, aspirin 50-100g;

[0042] After mixing the materials in the above amounts uniformly, they are uniformly dispersed and dissolved in 80kg of water and then packed in 1ml specification medicament bottles for application.

[0043] Treatment 2: for tobacco leaf quality, the quality improvement medicament combination is designed as follows:

[0044] FeSO4 400g, H3BO3 56g, MnSO4 40g;

[0045] After mixing the materials according to the above amounts, uniformly disperse and dissolve them in 80kg of water, then repackage in 1ml-specification medicine bottles for application.

[0046] Treatment 3: For tobacco disease prevention, the disease-preventing agent combination is designed as follows:

[0047] NH4NO3 32g, KNO3 37.5g, NH4SO4 16g, KH2PO4 22g, VC 2.5g, MgSO4 5g, NAA 0.25g, aspirin 50g; this reagent combination is mainly used for preventing tobacco black stem disease, bacterial wilt and mosaic disease.

[0048] After mixing the materials according to the above amounts, uniformly disperse and dissolve them in 50kg of water, then repackage in 1ml-specification medicine bottles for application;

[0049] Treatment 4: For tobacco nutrition supplement, the nutrition agent combination is designed as follows:

[0050] K2SO4 25g, FeSO 4 250g, H3BO3 35g, MnSO4 25g;

[0051] After mixing the materials according to the above amounts, uniformly disperse and dissolve them in 50kg of water, then repackage in 1ml-specification medicine bottles for application.

[0052] It should be noted that, during the experiment, in order to control the main functions of each reagent formula, therefore, during the experiment, each experimental group only uses one single reagent (the reagent amount is 1ml), the needle is inserted into the tobacco stem and is not pulled out (during this period, the needle will be fused with the xylem and pith in the middle of the tobacco stem and become one body), until the upper tobacco leaves are harvested and finally recovered together with the tobacco stem.

[0053] (2) Observation, measurement, record and evaluation

[0054] Image intuitive observation comparison:

[0055] During the experiment, a typical representative tobacco plant is randomly selected from each experimental group, starting from July 9th, individual and group photographs are taken every ten days (aiming at the stem), until the tobacco leaf harvesting and curing is completed, and the field agronomic traits are measured one day before each harvest.

[0056] Growth amount trait comparison:

[0057] After topping, 5 representative tobacco plants were randomly selected from each experimental group, and the 4th leaf from the top was taken as the upper leaf, and the 15th leaf was taken as the middle leaf. The plant height, stem diameter, etc. were measured, and the leaf area was calculated by subtracting the area of a triangle from the area of a quarter circle. The formula is as follows:

[0058] A = (π x L x K - L x K ÷ 2) x 2 (1)

[0059] Wherein: A is the leaf area, unit m 2 ; π is a constant, taking the value of 3.14; L is the leaf length, unit m; K is the leaf width, unit m;

[0060] Production value comparison:

[0061] After harvesting of each experimental group of tobacco leaves, the poles were labeled and hung in the middle of the dense drying room. After drying, the yield per mu, yield per mu, average price, proportion of high-quality tobacco, proportion of medium-quality tobacco, etc. were calculated, and the national 42-grade classification standard was referred to for classification statistics.

[0062] (3) Experimental results

[0063] The visual observation results of tobacco leaves in different experimental groups are shown in Figure 2 , Figure 3 .

[0064] Overall, the use of the needle can prevent and control tobacco black stem disease, bacterial wilt and mosaic disease, and can improve the early yellowing of tobacco leaves and promote the growth and development of tobacco leaves. From the insertion of the needle to the harvesting of the leaves, the negative effects are small. The experimental field belongs to a dam area and has been growing tobacco for many years. The tobacco field has a large area of tobacco plants (30%) that died due to diseases such as black stem disease and bacterial wilt during the growing season. Only one tobacco plant treated with the needle showed black stem disease and death.

[0065] The results of the biomass measurement and statistics are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0066] Table 1. Growth and trait measurement statistics of upper leaves

[0067]

[0068] Note: "Bottom stem" refers to the stem circumference of the tobacco plant at a distance of 10 cm from the ground; "Upper stem" refers to the stem circumference of the tobacco plant at a distance of 10 cm from the topping position.

[0069] Table 2. Growth and trait measurement statistics of middle leaves

[0070]

[0071] From the statistical results of Table 1, Table 2, it can be seen that: in general, whether the stem thickness of tobacco plant, or the height of tobacco plant, or the leaf area, the treatment group is significantly improved compared with the control group. As for each treatment group, it can be clearly seen that the plant height of the leaf opening agent treatment group (treatment 1) is significantly higher than that of other treatment groups, which is obviously beneficial to the subsequent leaf opening of tobacco plants. The bottom diameter and upper stem of the tobacco disease prevention treatment (treatment 3) are significantly better than those of other treatment groups, which indicates that this treatment group can more effectively enhance the disease resistance of tobacco plants. The improvement of tobacco quality (treatment 2) and the supplement of tobacco nutrition (treatment 4) in the improvement of leaf length, leaf width and leaf area are different due to the difference in leaf position, and the effect shows certain difference. But the overall effect is still obviously better than the control.

[0072] After the post-harvest tobacco leaf is baked, the classification comparison is made according to the appearance quality of the tobacco leaf, and the results are counted according to the upper and middle tobacco leaves, and the results are shown in Table 3 and Table 4.

[0073] Table 3. Classification of upper leaf after baking (%)

[0074]

[0075] Table 4. Classification of middle leaf after baking (%)

[0076]

[0077] From the results of Table 3 and Table 4, it can be seen that whether it is upper tobacco leaf or middle tobacco leaf, each treatment group can obviously improve the ratio of superior tobacco. This indicates that after using the agent provided in the present application, it is beneficial to further improve the quality and economic value of tobacco leaves.

[0078] Table 5. Classification total amount of neutral aroma components in upper leaf of flue-cured tobacco (μg / g)

[0079]

[0080] Table 6. Classification total amount of neutral aroma components in middle leaf of flue-cured tobacco (μg / g)

[0081]

[0082] From the results of Table 5 and Table 6, it can be seen that the total amount of neutral aroma components in each treatment group is improved to a certain extent compared with the control. This indicates that after using the agent provided in the present application, the development of tobacco leaves is more sufficient. The increase of neutral aroma components helps to improve the sensory quality of tobacco leaves and enhance the industrial application value of tobacco leaves.

[0083] Although the present application has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present application, and any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and changes without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and the scope of protection of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A medicament for improving the quality and economic benefits of tobacco leaves, characterized in that, The medicaments include one or more combinations of tablet-opening medicaments, quality-improving medicaments, disease-preventing medicaments and nutritional medicaments, The tablet-opening medicaments include the following components by weight: NH4NO3 50-55 g, KNO3 50-70 g, NH4SO4 20-30 g, KH2PO4 30-40 g, VC 3-5 g, MgSO4 5-10 g, NAA 0.1-0.5 g, aspirin 50-100 g; The quality-improving medicaments include the following components by weight: FeSO4 300-500 g, H3BO3 50-70 g, MnSO4 30-50 g; The disease-preventing medicaments include the following components by weight: NH4NO3 30-40 g, KNO3 30-40 g, NH4SO4 15-20 g, KH2PO4 20-30 g, VC 2-3 g, MgSO4 3-6 g, NAA 0.1-0.3 g, aspirin 30-60 g; The nutritional medicament comprises the following components in parts by weight: K2SO4 20-30 g, FeSO 4 200-300 g, H3BO3 30-40 g, MnSO4 20-30 g.

2. The agent for improving the quality and economic efficiency of tobacco leaves according to claim 1, characterized by, The tablet-opening medicaments include the following components by weight: NH4NO3 51.2 g, KNO3 60 g, NH4SO4 25.6 g, KH2PO4 35.2 g, VC 4 g, MgSO4 8 g, NAA 0.4 g, aspirin 50-100 g.

3. The agent for improving the quality and economic efficiency of tobacco leaves according to claim 1, characterized by, The quality-improving medicaments include the following components by weight: FeSO4 400 g, H3BO3 56 g, MnSO4 40 g.

4. The agent for improving the quality and economic efficiency of tobacco leaves according to claim 1, characterized by, The disease-preventing medicaments include the following components by weight: NH4NO3 32 g, KNO3 37.5 g, NH4SO4 16 g, KH2PO4 22 g, VC 2.5 g, MgSO4 5 g, NAA 0.25 g, aspirin 50 g.

5. The agent for improving the quality and economic efficiency of tobacco leaves according to claim 1, characterized by, The nutritional medicament comprises the following components by weight: K2SO4 25g, FeSO 4 250g, H3BO3 35g, MnSO4 25g.

6. The agent for improving tobacco quality and economic benefits according to claim 1, characterized in that, The medicaments also include an appropriate amount of water, and the amount of water in the tablet-opening medicaments and the quality-improving medicaments is 80 parts by weight, and the amount of water in the disease-preventing medicaments and the nutritional medicaments is 50 parts by weight; The tablet-opening medicaments and the quality-improving medicaments are used by uniformly dispersing and dissolving each formula material in 80 parts of water, and the disease-preventing medicaments and the nutritional medicaments are used by uniformly dispersing and dissolving each formula material in 50 parts of water.

7. A method of improving the quality and economic benefits of tobacco leaves using the agent according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that The medicaments are applied after topping the tobacco plants, and the dosage of each medicament per plant is 1 ml. The application mode is to use a bottle-insertion type medicament bottle, and the needle attached to the bottle is inserted into the position of the tobacco leaves along the stem at an angle of 45° downward.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, The bottle-insertion type medicament bottle includes a detachable needle (2), a needle tube (3), a bottle cap (4) and a bottle body (5). The detachable needle (2) is connected to the outer thread of the end of the needle tube (3) located at the front end of the bottle cap (4) through the inner thread, and after connection, the inside of the detachable needle (2) is connected to the inside of the needle tube (3). The inner thread of the inside of the bottle cap (4) is connected to the outer thread (6) of the upper part of the bottle body (5). The bottom of the bottle body (5) is provided with a gasket (7) which is attached to the inner wall of the bottle body and can slide on the inner wall of the bottle body (5).

9. A vial insert medicine bottle characterized by, The bottle-inserted medicine bottle comprises a detachable needle (2), a needle tube (3), a bottle cap (4), and a bottle body (5), the detachable needle (2) is connected with the outer thread of the end of the needle tube (3) at the front end of the bottle cap (4) through the inner thread, after the connection, the inside of the detachable needle (2) is communicated with the inside of the needle tube (3); the inner thread of the inside of the bottle cap (4) is matched and connected with the outer thread (6) of the upper part of the bottle body (5); the bottom of the bottle body (5) is provided with a gasket which is attached to the inner wall of the bottle body and can slide on the inner wall of the bottle body (5).

10. The method of use of claim 9, wherein, The front end of the detachable needle (2) and the needle tube (3) is detachably provided with a cap (1); the bottle body (5) and the gasket are both made of soft and elastic PVC material.

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