Novel detonation flame arrester

Abstract

The invention provides a novel detonation flame arrester which comprises a first shell, and an inlet is formed in the first shell; the third shell and the first shell are symmetrically arranged, and an outlet is further formed in the third shell; the second shell body is arranged between the first shell body and the second shell body; the fire retardant unit is connected in the second shell in a sliding manner; a first spring connected with the first shell is arranged on one side of the fire retardant unit, and a second spring connected with the third shell is arranged on the other side of the fire retardant unit. When explosive shock waves enter the detonation flame arrester, the flame arresting unit slides under the explosive shock, compresses the first spring and stretches the second spring, or stretches the first spring and compresses the second spring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a novel detonation flame arrestor, belonging to the field of flame arresting and explosion-proof technology. Background Technology

[0002] Petrochemical production involves large quantities of flammable, explosive, high-temperature, and high-pressure substances. A fire or explosion in such a situation could easily lead to a major accident. Flame arresters are an effective safety measure to prevent and mitigate the occurrence and spread of fires and explosions. They are one of the most important safety measures in petrochemical enterprises and have wide applications. Flame arresters are typically installed at the inlet / outlet of the unit or on gas pipelines. The medium can flow, but the flame is extinguished, preventing the spread of fire and explosion.

[0003] Currently, flame arresters are mainly corrugated plate type. The flame-arresting element is usually made of two stainless steel strips, one straight corrugated and one straight and smooth, rolled together to form a disc-shaped flame-arresting core. Adjacent corrugated and straight strips create tens of thousands of small holes. When a flame passes through these gaps, it is extinguished by heat conduction or free radical quenching. When ignition occurs in a pipeline, deflagration first forms, and the flame propagates at a low speed (less than the speed of sound). At this point, the explosion pressure is low, usually not exceeding 1 MPa. As the explosion continues to propagate within the pipeline, the flame accelerates and undergoes a transition from deflagration to detonation. The explosive power increases rapidly, and the flame propagation speed reaches or exceeds the speed of sound. For hydrocarbon flames, the propagation speed can reach over 1600 m / s, and for hydrogen flames, it can reach over 1900 m / s; the maximum detonation pressure can reach over 10 MPa. The energy of gas detonation is much greater than that of deflagration, making the quenching of detonation flames much more difficult. Detonation is a complex physicochemical process involving phenomena such as turbulent combustion, compression wave reflection, shock boundary layers, and hot spot self-detonation. The quenching of gaseous detonation flames is also difficult to quantitatively analyze using theories of heat conduction or free radical quenching.

[0004] To quench the detonation flame, corrugated plate flame arresters require smaller gap values ​​or thicker flame-arresting units, resulting in a larger pressure drop and impacting process operation. Furthermore, after prolonged operation, chemical vapors condense within the narrow gaps of the flame-arresting units, easily causing blockages and affecting process operation. Additionally, the internal flame-arresting elements are easily damaged under the strong impact of detonation, further increasing the difficulty of preventing the propagation of the detonation flame.

[0005] Existing technologies employ structures using a buffer core and springs. When the buffer core is impacted, it moves within the outer shell according to the magnitude of the impact force, compressing the spring to absorb the impact. The buffer core effectively cushions the impact, reducing the likelihood of damage to the flame arrester core during flame arrest. However, the forces from both the buffer core and the spring ultimately act on the flame arrester core, so the impact on the core is not reduced. Furthermore, due to the addition of the buffer core and fixing pins, the penetration rate of the detonation wave decreases compared to a single flame arrester core, thus actually increasing the final impact force on the core. Therefore, this does not solve the problem of flame arrester core damage under detonation impact. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems in the existing technology, this invention proposes a novel detonation flame arrester. The shock wave acting on the flame arresting unit allows it to move, thus buffering the explosion impact and preventing structural deformation or damage. Furthermore, it can stretch the first spring while compressing the second spring, thereby converting a portion of the explosion energy into the potential energy of the first and second springs. This reduces the explosion energy quenching in the flame arresting unit and improves its flame arresting performance.

[0007] This invention proposes a novel detonation flame arrester, comprising: A first housing, wherein an inlet is provided on the first housing; A third housing is provided, which is symmetrically arranged with the first housing and also has an outlet. A second housing, disposed between the first housing and the second housing; and A flame-arresting unit, which is slidably connected within the second housing; The fire-arresting unit has a first spring connected to the first housing on one side and a second spring connected to the third housing on the other side. When the explosion shock wave enters the detonation flame arrester, the flame arresting unit slides under the explosion impact, compressing the first spring and stretching the second spring, or stretching the first spring and compressing the second spring.

[0008] A further improvement of the present invention is that the first housing includes a first housing cylindrical section connected to the second housing and a first housing straight pipe section connected to the inlet, and the first housing straight pipe section and the first housing cylindrical section are connected by a conical first housing expansion section.

[0009] A further improvement of the present invention is that the third housing includes a cylindrical section of the third housing connected to the second housing and a straight pipe section of the third housing connected to the inlet, and the straight pipe section of the third housing and the cylindrical section of the third housing are connected by a tapered expansion section of the third housing.

[0010] A further improvement of the present invention is that the ratio of the diameter of the first cylindrical section of the shell to the diameter of the first straight pipe section of the shell is 1.5-3, and the ratio of the diameter of the third cylindrical section of the shell to the diameter of the third straight pipe section of the shell is 1.5-3.

[0011] A further improvement of the present invention is that a first flexible cover is provided on the outer side of the first spring, and a second flexible cover is provided on the outer side of the second spring.

[0012] A further improvement of the present invention is that the flame-arresting unit includes an annular flame-arresting unit shell, and the interior of the flame-arresting unit shell is provided with a plurality of corrugated flame-arresting cores and pressure plates disposed on both sides of the corrugated flame-arresting cores; the pressure plates are hollow structures and have a plurality of gaps.

[0013] A further improvement of the present invention is that the interior of the fire-arresting unit housing is divided into three sections, namely two edge sections on both sides and a middle section, wherein the inner diameter of the middle section is smaller than the inner diameter of the edge sections. The corrugated flame arrestor core is installed in the middle section, and the pressure plate is installed in the edge section.

[0014] A further improvement of the present invention is that the pressure plate includes an outer ring, a plurality of support plates are provided on the outer ring, and an annular support is concentrically provided inside the outer ring; The outer ring is connected within the edge segment, and the annular support is used to connect to the first spring or the second spring.

[0015] A further improvement of the present invention is that the corrugated flame arrestor core is formed by winding a flat steel strip and a triangular corrugated steel strip around a central solid cylinder.

[0016] A further improvement of the present invention is that the edge of the cylindrical section of the first housing has a connecting flange, and the edge of the cylindrical section of the third housing also has a connecting flange. The connecting flange is provided with an annular groove on the side near the second housing, and the two ends of the second housing are respectively locked in the groove. The connecting flange has several circular openings arranged circumferentially, and two connecting flanges are connected by bolts passing through the circular openings.

[0017] A further improvement of the present invention is that an elastic layer is provided on the inner side of the second housing.

[0018] A further improvement of the present invention is that the first flexible cover is provided with a first expansion structure on the side facing the fire-arresting unit, and the second flexible cover is provided with a second expansion structure on the side facing the fire-arresting unit.

[0019] A further improvement of the present invention is that the angle between the first expansion structure and the axis of the first flexible cover is 30-60°, and the angle between the second expansion structure and the axis of the second flexible cover is 30-60°. Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: According to the novel detonation flame arrester of the present invention, the shock wave acting on the flame arresting unit can move, which can buffer the explosion impact and avoid structural deformation or damage; in addition, it can stretch the first spring and compress the second spring at the same time, so that a part of the explosion energy can be converted into the potential energy of the first spring and the second spring, thereby reducing the explosion energy of the flame arresting unit and improving the flame arresting performance. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a novel detonation flame arrester according to an embodiment of the present invention, illustrating its state under normal operating conditions. Figure 2 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a novel detonation flame arrester according to an embodiment of the present invention, illustrating its state under detonation impact conditions. Figure 3 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a fire-arresting unit according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the fire-arresting unit housing according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a pressure plate according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a corrugated flame arrestor core according to an embodiment of the present invention, illustrating the overall structure. Figure 7 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a corrugated flame arrestor core according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing a partial structure; Figure 8 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a novel detonation flame arrester according to an embodiment of the present invention, illustrating the normal operating condition of the structure with a flexible cover. Figure 9 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a novel detonation flame arrester according to an embodiment of the present invention, illustrating the state of the structure with a flexible shield under detonation impact conditions. Figure 10 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a novel detonation flame arrester according to an embodiment of the present invention, illustrating its normal operating condition with a flexible shroud and an expansion structure. Figure 11The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a novel detonation flame arrester according to an embodiment of the present invention, illustrating its state under detonation impact conditions with a flexible shield and an expansion structure. The accompanying drawings are not drawn to scale.

[0021] The meanings of the reference numerals in the attached figures are as follows: 1. First housing, 2. First spring, 3. Second spring, 4. Flame arrestor unit, 5. Second housing, 6. Third housing, 7. Screw, 8. Nut 11. Inlet; 12. Connecting flange; 13. First shell straight pipe section; 14. First shell expansion section; 15. First shell cylindrical section; 16. Inlet flange; 21. First flexible cover; 22. First expansion structure; 31. Second flexible cover; 32. Second expansion structure; 41. Flame arrester unit shell; 42. Corrugated flame arrester core; 43. Pressure plate; 411. Edge section; 412. Middle section; 421. Flat steel strip; 422. Triangular corrugated steel strip; 431. Outer ring; 432. Support plate; 433. Annular support; 51. Elastic layer; 61. Outlet; 62. Connecting flange; 63. Third shell straight pipe section; 64. Third shell expansion section; 65. Third shell cylindrical section; 66. Outlet flange. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not an exhaustive list of all embodiments. Furthermore, without conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0023] Petrochemical production involves large quantities of flammable, explosive, high-temperature, and high-pressure substances. A fire or explosion in such a situation could easily lead to a major accident. Flame arresters are an effective safety measure to prevent and mitigate the occurrence and spread of fires and explosions. They are one of the most important safety measures in petrochemical enterprises and have wide applications. Flame arresters are typically installed at the inlet / outlet of the unit or on gas pipelines. The medium can flow, but the flame is extinguished, preventing the spread of fire and explosion.

[0024] Currently, flame arresters are mainly corrugated plate type. The flame-arresting element is typically made of two stainless steel strips, one straight corrugated and one straight and smooth, rolled together to form a disc-shaped flame-arresting core. Adjacent corrugated and straight strips create tens of thousands of small holes. When a flame passes through these gaps, it is extinguished through heat conduction or free radical quenching. When ignition occurs inside a pipeline, deflagration first forms, with the flame propagating at a relatively low speed, less than the speed of sound. At this stage, the explosion pressure is low, typically not exceeding 1 MPa. As the explosion continues to propagate within the pipeline, the flame accelerates and undergoes a transition from deflagration to detonation. The explosive power increases rapidly, and the flame propagation speed reaches or exceeds the speed of sound. For hydrocarbon flames, the propagation speed can reach over 1600 m / s, and for hydrogen flames, it can reach over 1900 m / s. The maximum detonation pressure can reach over 10 MPa. The energy of gas detonation is far greater than that of deflagration, making the quenching of detonation flames much more difficult. Detonation is a complex physicochemical process involving phenomena such as turbulent combustion, compression wave reflection, shock boundary layers, and hot spot self-detonation. The quenching of gaseous detonation flames is also difficult to quantitatively analyze using theories of heat conduction or free radical quenching.

[0025] To quench the detonation flame, corrugated plate flame arresters require smaller gap values ​​or thicker flame-arresting units, resulting in a larger pressure drop and impacting process operation. Furthermore, after prolonged operation, chemical vapors condense within the narrow gaps of the flame-arresting units, easily causing blockages and affecting process operation. Additionally, the internal flame-arresting elements are easily damaged under the strong impact of detonation, further increasing the difficulty of preventing the propagation of the detonation flame.

[0026] Existing technologies employ structures using a buffer core and springs. When the buffer core is impacted, it moves within the outer shell according to the magnitude of the impact force, compressing the spring to absorb the impact. The buffer core effectively cushions the impact, reducing the likelihood of damage to the flame arrester core during flame arrest. However, the forces from both the buffer core and the spring ultimately act on the flame arrester core, so the impact on the core is not reduced. Furthermore, due to the addition of the buffer core and fixing pins, the penetration rate of the detonation wave decreases compared to a single flame arrester core, thus actually increasing the final impact force on the core. Therefore, this does not solve the problem of flame arrester core damage under detonation impact.

[0027] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a novel detonation flame arrester. The shock wave acting on the flame arresting unit allows it to move, thus buffering the explosion impact and preventing structural deformation or damage. Furthermore, it can stretch the first spring while compressing the second spring, converting a portion of the explosion energy into the potential energy of the first and second springs. This reduces the explosion energy quenching in the flame arresting unit and improves its flame arresting performance.

[0028] In such Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, a novel detonation flame arrester includes: A first housing 1 is provided with an inlet 11 and an inlet flange 16 for connecting the inlet 11 to an upstream component; The third housing 6 is symmetrically arranged with the first housing 1, and the third housing 6 is also provided with an outlet 61, and an outlet flange 66 is provided on the outlet 61 for discharging the outlet 61. The second housing 5 is disposed between the first housing 1 and the second housing 6; Flame-arresting unit 4, which is slidably connected inside the second housing 5; The fire-arresting unit 4 has a first spring 22 connected to the first housing 1 on one side and a second spring 32 connected to the third housing 6 on the other side.

[0029] When the explosion shock wave enters the detonation flame arrester, the flame arresting unit 4 slides under the explosion impact, compressing the first spring 2 and stretching the second spring 3, or stretching the first spring 2 and compressing the second spring 3.

[0030] In the novel detonation flame arrester according to this embodiment, when a detonation enters the flame arrester cavity through inlet 11, as... Figure 2 As shown, the shock wave acts on the flame arrestor unit 4, pushing it to slide along the side of the second housing 5 towards the outlet 61. The sliding of the flame arrestor unit 4 buffers the blast impact, preventing structural deformation or damage.

[0031] During the sliding process of the flame arrestor unit 4, the first spring 2 is stretched while the second spring 3 is compressed. This can convert a portion of the explosion energy into the potential energy of the first spring 2 and the second spring 3, thereby reducing the explosion energy of the flame arrestor unit 4 and improving its flame arresting performance.

[0032] When the detonation enters the flame arrester cavity through outlet 61, the shock wave acts on the flame arresting unit 4, pushing it to slide along the side of the second housing 5 towards inlet 11. The sliding of the flame arresting unit 4 buffers the blast impact, preventing structural deformation or damage.

[0033] During the sliding process of the flame arrestor unit 4, the first spring 2 is compressed while the second spring 3 is stretched. This can convert a portion of the explosion energy into the potential energy of the first spring 2 and the second spring 3, thereby reducing the explosion energy of the flame arrestor unit 4 and improving its flame arresting performance.

[0034] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the first housing 1 includes a first housing cylindrical section 15 connected to the second housing 5 and a first housing straight pipe section 13 connected to the inlet 11. The first housing straight pipe section 13 and the first housing cylindrical section 15 are connected by a first housing expansion section 14.

[0035] In this embodiment, the first straight pipe section is a cylindrical or polygonal cylindrical structure, and the first shell expansion section 14 is a conical or other structure that can connect the first straight pipe section and the first shell cylindrical section 15.

[0036] The ratio of the diameter of the first cylindrical section 15 of the shell to the diameter of the first straight pipe section 13 of the shell is 1.5-3.

[0037] In one embodiment, the structure of the third housing 6 is the same as or similar to that of the first housing 1, and is symmetrically arranged with respect to the first housing 1. The third housing 6 includes a cylindrical section 65 connected to the second housing 5, and the straight pipe section 63 of the third housing and the cylindrical section 65 of the third housing are connected by an expansion section 64 of the third housing.

[0038] In this embodiment, the second straight pipe section is a cylindrical or polygonal cylindrical structure, and the third shell expansion section 64 is a conical or other structure that can connect the second straight pipe section and the third shell cylindrical section 65.

[0039] The ratio of the diameter of the cylindrical section 65 of the third shell to the diameter of the straight section 63 of the third shell is 1.5-3.

[0040] In one embodiment, the edge of the cylindrical section 15 of the first housing has a connecting flange 12 for connecting to the second housing 5. The connecting flange 12 has an annular groove on the side near the second housing 5, and a sealing gasket is provided in the groove. The edge of the second housing 5 extends into the groove. The outer side of the connecting flange 12 has a circular opening.

[0041] The edge of the cylindrical section 65 of the third housing also has a connecting flange 62. The connecting flange 62 has an annular groove on the side near the second housing 5, and a sealing gasket is provided in the annular groove. One end of the second housing 5 extends into the groove. The outer side of the connecting flange 62 has a circular opening.

[0042] The connecting flange has several circular openings arranged circumferentially, and a screw is installed in each of the circular openings.

[0043] During connection, the first housing 1 and the third housing 6 sandwich the second housing 5 in the middle, and the hole of the connecting flange 12 of the first housing 1 and the circular opening of the connecting flange 62 of the third housing 6 are arranged opposite each other. The screw 7 passes through the hole of the connecting flange of the first housing 1 and the circular opening of the connecting flange of the third housing 6, and is tightened by the nut 8, thereby completing the assembly.

[0044] In one embodiment, such as Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, a first flexible cover 21 is provided on the outer side of the first spring 2, and a second flexible cover 31 is provided on the outer side of the second spring 3.

[0045] In this embodiment, one end of the first flexible cover 21 is attached to the inner wall of the first housing straight pipe section 13, and the first flexible cover 21 is made of sound-absorbing material. One end of the second flexible cover 31 is attached to the inner wall of the third housing straight pipe section 63, and the second flexible cover 31 is also made of sound-absorbing material. The sound-absorbing material can absorb the explosive shock wave, especially the transverse wave, thereby reducing the explosive energy.

[0046] Preferably, the first flexible cover 21 and the second flexible cover 31 have corrugated folds. When the shock wave reaches its wall surface, part of the shock wave is reflected and changes its propagation direction, propagating in the direction of the incoming shock wave flow, canceling out the subsequent shock wave, and further reducing the explosion energy.

[0047] After the detonation wave enters a large cavity (flame arrestor cavity) through the flexible shield, the rarefaction effect causes the pressure wave front to decouple from the flame surface, resulting in detonation failure. That is, the detonation transforms into a weaker deflagration, but the flame still propagates rapidly and will revert to detonation after a certain distance. When the first spring 2 is stretched, the distance from the end of the first flexible shield 21 to the outer side of the flame arrestor unit 4 is 5-20 times the detonation cell size applicable to the gas medium in this state. This allows for sufficient decoupling of the detonation pressure wave front from the flame surface without reverting to detonation, thereby further improving the flame arrestor's detonation resistance performance.

[0048] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the fire-arresting unit 4 includes a fire-arresting unit housing 41, a plurality of corrugated fire-arresting cores 42 disposed inside the fire-arresting unit housing 41, and a pressure plate 43. The pressure plate 43 has a hollow structure and has several large-area gaps inside.

[0049] The fire-arresting unit housing 41 has a cylindrical structure, such as Figure 4 As shown, its interior is divided into three sections: two edge sections 411 and one middle section 412. The inner diameter of the middle section 412 is smaller than the inner diameter of the edge section 411.

[0050] The inner diameter of the middle section is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the corrugated flame arrestor core, and the length of the middle section is the same as the total thickness of the multiple corrugated flame arrestor cores. The corrugated flame arrestor cores can be just placed into the middle section 412 of the flame arrestor unit housing 41. Preferably, the difference between the inner diameter of the middle section 412 and the outer diameter of the corrugated flame arrestor core is related to the explosive gas for which the flame arrester is applicable, and this difference is equal to 1 / 2 of the MESG value of the explosive gas.

[0051] The inner diameter of the edge segment 411 of the flame arrester housing 41 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the pressure plate 43. The length of the edge segment 411 is the same as the thickness of the pressure plate 43. The pressure plate 43 can be inserted into the edge segment 411 of the flame arrester housing 41, but not into the middle part of the flame arrester housing 41. Preferably, the difference between the inner diameter of the edge segment 411 and the outer diameter of the pressure plate 43 is related to the explosive gas for which the flame arrester is applicable, and this difference is equal to 1 / 2 of the MESG value of the explosive gas.

[0052] In one embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the pressure plate 43 includes an outer ring 431, a plurality of support plates 432 and an annular support 433. The outer ring 431 and the annular support 433 are arranged concentrically. The outer ring 431 is connected within the edge segment 411, and the annular support 433 is used to connect with the first spring 22 or the second spring 32.

[0053] The support plate 432 connects and fixes the outer ring 431 and the annular support 433.

[0054] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the corrugated flame arrestor core 42 is formed by winding a flat steel strip 421 and a triangular corrugated steel strip 422 around a central solid cylinder. The outermost layer uses a flat steel strip wound separately for at least five turns, and is fixed by welding at the end. The flat steel strip and the triangular corrugated steel strip form multiple triangular gaps. The height h of the triangular gaps is determined according to the MESG value of the applicable medium and the specific structure of the flame arrester. The wave height of the triangle formed by the triangular corrugated steel strip 422 and the flat steel strip 421 is related to the explosive gas used. For example, in one embodiment, the flame arrester is suitable for propane gas and belongs to the IIA class flame arrester; the wave height of the triangle formed by the triangular corrugated steel strip 422 and the flat steel strip 421 is 0.7 mm.

[0055] The second housing 5 is placed into the slots of the connecting flange 12 of the first housing 1 and the connecting flange 62 of the third housing 6. The first housing 1, the second housing 5, and the third housing 6 are connected as a whole by multiple screws and nuts. The second housing 5 is fixed by the connecting flange 12 of the first housing 1 and the connecting flange 62 of the third housing 6, and then connected by bolts 7 and fixed by nuts 8.

[0056] The first spring 2 and the second spring 3 apply a certain pressure to the flame arrester unit 4. The first spring 2 and the second spring 3 press multiple corrugated flame arrester cores 42 together through the pressure plates 43 on both sides, eliminating the need for mounting holes in the corrugated flame arrester cores 42. Existing technology uses a screw to fix multiple flame arrester cores and pressure plates together; under detonation impact, the impact force on the entire flame arrester core acts on the screw, easily causing damage. This solution overcomes this defect.

[0057] In one embodiment, the pressure plate 43 is made of high-strength steel, whose impact resistance is far superior to that of a corrugated flame arrestor core made of corrugated steel strip. When a detonation enters the flame arrestor, the shock wave acts on the flame arresting unit 4, causing it to move within the second housing 5 and stretching the first spring 22 while compressing the second spring 32. When the detonation enters the flame arrestor, the flame arresting unit 4 slides as a whole, which can buffer the impact of the explosion. After the second spring 3 is compressed, it provides effective support to the corrugated flame arrestor core 42 through the pressure plate 43, preventing the flame arrestor core from deforming and being damaged under impact.

[0058] In one embodiment, an elastic layer 51 is provided on the inner side of the second housing 5. The elastic layer 51 can absorb the shear waves of the detonation, thereby disrupting the three-wave structure of the detonation and transforming it into a weaker deflagration, thus reducing the explosion intensity reaching the flame arrestor unit. In addition, the elastic layer 51 can enhance the sealing between the flame arrestor unit 4 and the second housing 6, preventing flames from propagating along the gap between them.

[0059] In one embodiment, such as Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the first flexible cover 21 has a first expansion structure 22 on the side facing the fire-resistant unit 4, and the second flexible cover 31 has a second expansion structure 32 on the side facing the fire-resistant unit 4.

[0060] Preferably, the angle between the first expansion structure 22 and the axis of the first flexible cover 21 is 30-60°, and the angle between the second expansion structure 32 and the axis of the second flexible cover 31 is 30-60°.

[0061] In this embodiment, the first expansion structure 22 and the second expansion structure 32 have a guiding function. Under normal operating conditions, they can guide the transported gas medium to flow to the outside of the flame arrester cavity, making the gas distribution more uniform and thus reducing the pressure drop. Under detonation conditions, they can induce the explosion wave and flame to propagate to the outside of the flame arrester cavity. On the one hand, this can make the flame distribution more uniform and increase the utilization rate of the flame arrester core; on the other hand, it can form a swirling flow at the expansion structure, causing some of the explosion wave and flame to propagate away from the flame arrester unit, reducing the energy acting on the flame arrester unit 4, thereby further improving the detonation resistance performance of the flame arrester.

[0062] The following description uses specific examples to illustrate the point.

[0063] Example 1 A novel detonation flame arrester includes: A first housing 1 is provided with an inlet 11 and an inlet flange 16 for connecting the inlet 11 to an upstream component; The third housing 6 is symmetrically arranged with the first housing 1, and the third housing 6 is also provided with an outlet 61, and an outlet flange 66 is provided on the outlet 61 for discharging the outlet 61. The second housing 5 is disposed between the first housing 1 and the second housing 6; Flame-arresting unit 4, which is slidably connected inside the second housing 5; The fire-arresting unit 4 has a first spring 22 connected to the first housing 1 on one side and a second spring 32 connected to the third housing 6 on the other side.

[0064] When the explosion shock wave enters the detonation flame arrester, the flame arresting unit 4 slides under the explosion impact, compressing the first spring 2 and stretching the second spring 3, or stretching the first spring 2 and compressing the second spring 3.

[0065] When the detonation enters the flame arrester cavity through inlet 11, such as Figure 2 As shown, the shock wave acts on the flame arrestor unit 4, pushing it to slide along the side of the second housing 5 towards the outlet 61. The sliding of the flame arrestor unit 4 buffers the blast impact, preventing structural deformation or damage.

[0066] During the sliding process of the flame arrestor unit 4, the first spring 2 is stretched while the second spring 3 is compressed. This can convert a portion of the explosion energy into the potential energy of the first spring 2 and the second spring 3, thereby reducing the explosion energy of the flame arrestor unit 4 and improving its flame arresting performance.

[0067] When the detonation enters the flame arrester cavity through outlet 61, the shock wave acts on the flame arresting unit 4, pushing it to slide along the side of the second housing 5 towards inlet 11. The sliding of the flame arresting unit 4 buffers the blast impact, preventing structural deformation or damage.

[0068] During the sliding process of the flame arrestor unit 4, the first spring 2 is compressed while the second spring 3 is stretched. This can convert a portion of the explosion energy into the potential energy of the first spring 2 and the second spring 3, thereby reducing the explosion energy of the flame arrestor unit 4 and improving its flame arresting performance.

[0069] The first housing 1 includes a first housing cylindrical section 15 connected to the second housing 5 and a first housing straight pipe section 13 connected to the inlet 11. The first housing straight pipe section 13 and the first housing cylindrical section 15 are connected by a first housing expansion section 14.

[0070] The structure of the third housing 6 is the same as or similar to that of the first housing 1, and is symmetrically arranged with the first housing 1. The third housing 6 includes a cylindrical section 65 connected to the second housing 5. The straight pipe section 63 of the third housing and the cylindrical section 65 of the third housing are connected by an expansion section 64 of the third housing.

[0071] In this embodiment, the second straight pipe section is a cylindrical or polygonal cylindrical structure, and the third shell expansion section 64 is a conical or other structure that can connect the second straight pipe section and the third shell cylindrical section 65.

[0072] The cylindrical section 15 of the first housing has a connecting flange 12 on its edge for connecting to the second housing 5. The connecting flange 12 has an annular groove on the side near the second housing 5, and a sealing gasket is provided in the groove. The edge of the second housing 5 extends into the groove. The connecting flange 12 has a circular opening on its outer side.

[0073] The edge of the cylindrical section 65 of the third housing also has a connecting flange 62. The connecting flange 62 has an annular groove on the side near the second housing 5, and a sealing gasket is provided in the annular groove. One end of the second housing 5 extends into the groove. The outer side of the connecting flange 62 has a circular opening.

[0074] The connecting flange has several circular openings arranged circumferentially, and a screw is installed in each of the circular openings.

[0075] During connection, the first housing 1 and the third housing 6 sandwich the second housing 5 in the middle, and the hole of the connecting flange 12 of the first housing 1 and the circular opening of the connecting flange 62 of the third housing 6 are arranged opposite each other. The screw 7 passes through the hole of the connecting flange of the first housing 1 and the circular opening of the connecting flange of the third housing 6, and is tightened by the nut 8, thereby completing the assembly.

[0076] The fire-arresting unit 4 includes a fire-arresting unit housing 41, a plurality of corrugated fire-arresting cores 42 disposed inside the fire-arresting unit housing 41, and a pressure plate 43. The pressure plate 43 has a hollow structure and has several large-area gaps inside.

[0077] The fire-arresting unit housing 41 has a cylindrical structure, such as Figure 4 As shown, its interior is divided into three sections: two edge sections 411 and one middle section 412. The inner diameter of the middle section 412 is smaller than the inner diameter of the edge section 411.

[0078] The inner diameter of the middle section is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the corrugated flame arrestor core, and the length of the middle section is the same as the total thickness of multiple corrugated flame arrestor cores. The corrugated flame arrestor core can be placed into the middle section 412 of the flame arrestor unit housing 41.

[0079] The inner diameter of the edge segment 411 of the fire arrester unit housing 41 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the pressure plate 43. The length of the edge segment 411 is the same as the thickness of the pressure plate 43. The pressure plate 43 can be just placed inside the edge segment 411 of the fire arrester unit housing 41, but cannot be placed in the middle part of the fire arrester unit housing 41.

[0080] The pressure plate 43 includes an outer ring 431, a plurality of support plates 432 and an annular support 433. The outer ring 431 and the annular support 433 are arranged concentrically. The outer ring 431 is connected within the edge segment 411. The annular support 433 is used to connect with the first spring 22 or the second spring 32.

[0081] The support plate 432 connects and fixes the outer ring 431 and the annular support 433.

[0082] The corrugated flame arrestor core 42 is formed by winding a flat steel strip 421 and a triangular corrugated steel strip 422 around a central solid cylinder. The outermost layer consists of at least five turns of flat steel strip, which is then welded to the end. The flat steel strip and the triangular corrugated steel strip form multiple triangular slits. The height h of these slits is determined based on the MESG value of the applicable medium and the specific structure of the flame arrester. The wave height of the triangle formed by the triangular corrugated steel strip 422 and the flat steel strip 421 is related to the explosive gas used. For example, in one embodiment, the flame arrester is suitable for propane gas and belongs to the IIA class of flame arrester; the wave height of the triangle formed by the triangular corrugated steel strip 422 and the flat steel strip 421 is 0.7 mm.

[0083] The second housing 5 is placed into the slots of the connecting flange 12 of the first housing 1 and the connecting flange 62 of the third housing 6. The first housing 1, the second housing 5, and the third housing 6 are connected as a whole by multiple screws and nuts. The second housing 5 is fixed by the connecting flange 12 of the first housing 1 and the connecting flange 62 of the third housing 6, and then connected by bolts 7 and fixed by nuts 8.

[0084] The first spring 2 and the second spring 3 apply a certain pressure to the flame arrester unit 4. The first spring 2 and the second spring 3 press multiple corrugated flame arrester cores 42 together through the pressure plates 43 on both sides, eliminating the need for mounting holes in the corrugated flame arrester cores 42. Existing technology uses a screw to fix multiple flame arrester cores and pressure plates together; under detonation impact, the impact force on the entire flame arrester core acts on the screw, easily causing damage. This solution overcomes this defect.

[0085] The pressure plate 43 is made of high-strength steel, whose impact resistance is far superior to that of a corrugated flame arrestor core made of corrugated steel strip. When a detonation enters the flame arrestor, the shock wave acts on the flame arresting unit 4, causing it to move within the second housing 5 and stretching the first spring 22 while compressing the second spring 32. When the detonation enters the flame arrestor, the flame arresting unit 4 slides as a whole, which can buffer the impact of the explosion. After the second spring 3 is compressed, it provides effective support to the corrugated flame arrestor core 42 through the pressure plate 43, preventing the flame arrestor core from deforming and being damaged under impact.

[0086] Example 2 Based on Embodiment 1, an elastic layer 51 is provided on the inner side of the second housing 5. The elastic layer 51 can absorb the shear wave of the detonation, thereby disrupting the three-wave structure of the detonation and transforming it into a weaker deflagration, thus reducing the explosion intensity reaching the flame arrestor unit. In addition, the elastic layer 51 can enhance the sealing between the flame arrestor unit 4 and the second housing 6, preventing the flame from propagating along the gap between them.

[0087] Example 3 Based on Embodiment 1, a first flexible cover 21 is provided on the outer side of the first spring 2, and a second flexible cover 31 is provided on the outer side of the second spring 3.

[0088] One end of the first flexible cover 21 is fitted against the inner wall of the first shell straight pipe section 13, and the first flexible cover 21 is made of sound-absorbing material. One end of the second flexible cover 31 is fitted against the inner wall of the third shell straight pipe section 63, and the second flexible cover 31 is also made of sound-absorbing material. Through the sound-absorbing material, the explosive shock wave, especially the transverse wave, can be absorbed, thereby reducing the explosive energy.

[0089] The first flexible shield 21 and the second flexible shield 31 have corrugated folds. When the shock wave reaches their walls, part of the shock wave is reflected and changes its propagation direction, propagating in the direction of the incoming shock wave flow, canceling out the subsequent shock wave, and further reducing the explosion energy.

[0090] When the first spring 2 is stretched, the distance from the end of the first flexible cover 21 to the outside of the flame arrestor core 42 is 10 times the size of the detonation cell of the applicable gas medium in this state, which can fully decouple the detonation pressure wave front from the flame surface and prevent it from returning to detonation.

[0091] Example 4 Based on Embodiment 1, a first flexible cover 21 is provided on the outer side of the first spring 2, and a second flexible cover 31 is provided on the outer side of the second spring 3.

[0092] One end of the first flexible cover 21 is fitted against the inner wall of the first shell straight pipe section 13, and the first flexible cover 21 is made of sound-absorbing material. One end of the second flexible cover 31 is fitted against the inner wall of the third shell straight pipe section 63, and the second flexible cover 31 is also made of sound-absorbing material. Through the sound-absorbing material, the explosive shock wave, especially the transverse wave, can be absorbed, thereby reducing the explosive energy.

[0093] The first flexible shield 21 and the second flexible shield 31 have corrugated folds. When the shock wave reaches their walls, part of the shock wave is reflected and changes its propagation direction, propagating in the direction of the incoming shock wave flow, canceling out the subsequent shock wave, and further reducing the explosion energy.

[0094] When the first spring 2 is stretched, the distance from the end of the first flexible cover 21 to the outside of the flame arrestor core 42 is 5 times the size of the detonation cell of the applicable gas medium in this state, which can fully decouple the detonation pressure wave front from the flame surface and prevent it from returning to detonation.

[0095] Example 5 Based on Embodiment 1, a first flexible cover 21 is provided on the outer side of the first spring 2, and a second flexible cover 31 is provided on the outer side of the second spring 3.

[0096] One end of the first flexible cover 21 is fitted against the inner wall of the first shell straight pipe section 13, and the first flexible cover 21 is made of sound-absorbing material. One end of the second flexible cover 31 is fitted against the inner wall of the third shell straight pipe section 63, and the second flexible cover 31 is also made of sound-absorbing material. Through the sound-absorbing material, the explosive shock wave, especially the transverse wave, can be absorbed, thereby reducing the explosive energy.

[0097] The first flexible shield 21 and the second flexible shield 31 have corrugated folds. When the shock wave reaches their walls, part of the shock wave is reflected and changes its propagation direction, propagating in the direction of the incoming shock wave flow, canceling out the subsequent shock wave, and further reducing the explosion energy.

[0098] When the first spring 2 is stretched, the distance from the end of the first flexible cover 21 to the outside of the flame arrestor core 42 is 15 times the size of the detonation cell of the applicable gas medium in this state, which can fully decouple the detonation pressure wave front from the flame surface and prevent it from returning to detonation.

[0099] Example 6 Based on Embodiment 4, the first flexible cover 21 is provided with a first expansion structure 22 on the side facing the fire-resistant unit 4, and the second flexible cover 31 is provided with a second expansion structure 32 on the side facing the fire-resistant unit 4.

[0100] Preferably, the angle between the first expansion structure 22 and the axis of the first flexible cover 21 is 45°, and the angle between the second expansion structure 32 and the axis of the second flexible cover 31 is 45°.

[0101] In this embodiment, the first expansion structure 22 and the second expansion structure 32 have a guiding function. Under normal operating conditions, they can guide the transported gas medium to flow to the outside of the flame arrester cavity, making the gas distribution more uniform and thus reducing the pressure drop. Under detonation conditions, they can induce the explosion wave and flame to propagate to the outside of the flame arrester cavity. On the one hand, this can make the flame distribution more uniform and increase the utilization rate of the flame arrester core; on the other hand, it can form a swirling flow at the expansion structure, causing some of the explosion wave and flame to propagate away from the flame arrester unit, reducing the energy acting on the flame arrester unit 4, thereby further improving the detonation resistance performance of the flame arrester.

[0102] Example 7 Based on embodiment 5, the first flexible cover 21 is provided with a first expansion structure 22 on the side facing the fire-resistant unit 4, and the second flexible cover 31 is provided with a second expansion structure 32 on the side facing the fire-resistant unit 4.

[0103] Preferably, the angle between the first expansion structure 22 and the axis of the first flexible cover 21 is 30°, and the angle between the second expansion structure 32 and the axis of the second flexible cover 31 is 30°.

[0104] It should be understood that the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited to the specific structures, processing steps, or materials disclosed herein, but should be extended to equivalent substitutions of these features as understood by those skilled in the art. It should also be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting.

[0105] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," "tail," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0106] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0107] Certain terms are used throughout this application to refer to specific system components. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the same components may often be referred to by different names, and therefore this application is not intended to distinguish components that differ only in name and not in function. The terms "an embodiment" or "embodiment" used in the specification mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Therefore, the phrase "an embodiment" or "embodiment" appearing throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment.

[0108] The embodiments of the present invention are given for illustrative and descriptive purposes only, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical application of the invention, and to enable those skilled in the art to understand the invention and to design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for a particular purpose.

[0109] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and / or modifications falling within the scope of the invention, and all changes and / or modifications made according to embodiments of the invention should be covered within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A novel detonation flame arrester, characterized by, include: The first housing (1) has an inlet (11). The third housing (6) is symmetrically arranged with the first housing (1), and the third housing (6) is also provided with an outlet (61). A second housing (5) is disposed between the first housing (1) and the second housing (6); and A fire-arresting unit (4) is slidably connected inside the second housing (5); The fire-arresting unit (4) is provided with a first spring (2) connected to the first housing (1) on one side and a second spring (3) connected to the third housing (6) on the other side. When the explosion shock wave enters the detonation flame arrester, the flame arresting unit (4) slides under the explosion impact and compresses the first spring (2) and stretches the second spring (3), or stretches the first spring (2) and compresses the second spring (3).

2. The novel detonation flame arrestor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first housing (1) includes a first housing cylindrical section (15) connected to the second housing (5) and a first housing straight pipe section (13) connected to the inlet (11). The first housing straight pipe section (13) and the first housing cylindrical section (15) are connected by a tapered first housing expansion section (14).

3. The novel detonation flame arrestor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The third housing (6) includes a cylindrical section (65) of the third housing connected to the second housing (5) and a straight pipe section (63) of the third housing connected to the inlet (11). The straight pipe section (63) of the third housing and the cylindrical section (65) of the third housing are connected by a tapered expansion section (64) of the third housing.

4. The novel detonation flame arrestor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The ratio of the diameter of the first cylindrical section (15) of the shell to the diameter of the first straight pipe section (13) of the shell is 1.5-3, and the ratio of the diameter of the third cylindrical section (65) of the shell to the diameter of the third straight pipe section (63) of the shell is 1.5-3.

5. The novel detonation flame arrestor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first spring (2) has a first flexible cover (21) on its outer side, and the second spring (3) has a second flexible cover (31) on its outer side.

6. The novel detonation flame arrestor according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that, The fire-arresting unit (4) includes an annular fire-arresting unit shell (41). The fire-arresting unit shell (41) is provided with a plurality of corrugated fire-arresting cores (42) and pressure plates (43) on both sides of the corrugated fire-arresting cores (42). The pressure plates (43) are hollow structures with a plurality of gaps.

7. The novel detonation flame arrestor according to claim 6, characterized by The fire-arresting unit housing (41) is divided into three sections: two edge sections (411) on both sides and a middle section (412). The inner diameter of the middle section (412) is smaller than that of the edge section (411). The corrugated flame arrestor core is installed in the middle section (412), and the pressure plate (43) is installed in the edge section (411).

8. The novel detonation flame arrestor according to claim 7, characterized by, The pressure plate (43) includes an outer ring (431), on which a plurality of support plates (432) are provided, and an annular support (433) is concentrically provided inside the outer ring (431). The outer ring (431) is connected within the edge segment (411), and the annular support (433) is used to connect to the first spring (22) or the second spring (32).

9. The novel detonation flame arrestor according to claim 8, characterized by, The corrugated fire resistance core (42) is formed by winding a flat steel band (421) and a triangular corrugated steel band (422) around a solid cylindrical body in the center.

10. The novel detonation flame arrestor according to claim 9, characterized in that, The edge of the first shell cylindrical section (15) has a connecting flange (12), and the edge of the third shell cylindrical section (65) also has a connecting flange (62), which is provided with an annular groove near one side of the second shell (5), and the two ends of the second shell (5) are clamped in the groove respectively; A plurality of circular openings are arranged on the connecting flanges in the circumferential direction, and the two connecting flanges are connected by a screw rod (7) penetrating through the circular openings.

11. The novel detonation flame arrestor of claim 10, wherein, The inner side of the second shell (5) is provided with an elastic layer (51).

12. The novel detonation flame arrestor of claim 11, wherein, The side of the first flexible cover (21) facing the fire resistance unit (4) is provided with a first expansion structure (22), and the side of the second flexible cover (31) facing the fire resistance unit (4) is provided with a second expansion structure (32).

13. The novel detonation flame arrestor of claim 12, wherein, The included angle between the first expansion structure (22) and the axis of the first flexible cover (21) is 30-60°, and the included angle between the second expansion structure (32) and the axis of the second flexible cover (31) is 30-60°.

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