Method for storing Magnoliaceae seeds

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of plant seed storage, and discloses a method for storing Magnoliaceae seeds. The method comprises the following steps: selecting an open earthen jar with the height of 50-80cm and without holes in the side wall; impurities in the new river sand with the particle size of 0.5-1 mm are screened out, and the new river sand is adjusted to be slightly wet and the surface of the new river sand is white; magnoliaceae seeds and sand are laid in a layered mode according to the volume ratio of 1: (5-10), 5-15 layers are formed, and the uppermost sand layer is 5-8 cm; the sand is placed in a shady, cool and ventilated indoor environment with the temperature of 0-28 DEG C, 5-10 mL / 100 cm of mist is sprayed to supplement water when the sand is dry, and the sand is kept in the state that the sand is slightly moist and the surface of the sand is white; low temperature, disinfection and any chemical agent are not needed in the whole process. The germination rate is stabilized at about 85% after 3-7 months. According to the method, electric energy is not needed, labor is reduced by 50%, the cost is only 1 / 5-1 / 3 of that of traditional low-temperature wet sand storage, materials can be recycled, ecological safety is achieved, operation is extremely easy, and the method is suitable for large-scale safe storage of Magnoliaceae seeds in south-north multi-climate areas.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of plant seed storage, and in particular to a method for storing Magnoliaceae seeds. BACKGROUND

[0002] Magnoliaceae seeds generally have the characteristics of deep dormancy, hard seed coat, easy water loss and mold, and the storage method needs to consider moisture retention, ventilation, mold prevention, and in addition, they are rich in oil, which is easy to lose activity after maturation. Traditional storage methods include low-temperature (0℃-5℃) wet sand cold storage or chemical sterilization combined with low-temperature storage.

[0003] For example, Chinese patent document CN102835206A discloses a kind of tile jar wet sand storage method, which uses a tile jar with a 30-50 cm diameter and a 50-80 cm height, seeds and wet sand are layered and laid according to a 5:1 volume ratio, and wooden sticks are inserted to form ventilation holes, and the germination rate can reach more than 85%. However, this method has the following disadvantages: it needs to insert and extract wooden sticks, which is complicated to operate; seed disinfection is required, which increases the cost of chemical agents; it relies on a low-temperature environment, which has high energy consumption and is not suitable for areas without electricity.

[0004] For example, the paper "Seed Storage and Seedling Raising Technology of Magnoliaceae in Yunnan and Tibet" (Author: Zhang Li et al., Forestry Science and Technology Communication, Issue 8, 2021, Page 45-48) discloses a seed storage and seedling raising method for Magnolia campbellii. In the seed treatment process of this storage method, 800 times of carbendazim water solution is uniformly sprayed on the seeds for sterilization, then the seeds are mixed with clean river sand according to a 1:3 volume ratio, the mixed seeds are stacked on 5 cm thick river sand, the cumulative stacking height does not exceed 30 cm, and when the height exceeds 30 cm, a vertical air permeation device or a small bundle of bamboo pieces is inserted every 30 cm to facilitate ventilation; the surface is covered with 5 cm of pure sand, and the surrounding area is surrounded with wooden boards or bricks. Regular inspection is required, and if the sand is too dry, it needs to be mixed with water according to the above method and stored again. The average annual temperature of the seed storage area is 12-14℃, which means that the seeds need to be stored in a low-temperature environment during the late winter and early spring seedling raising period after being harvested in September and October. This method also implies the need for low-temperature storage. The control requirements for temperature and humidity of the storage environment are high, and it is difficult to implement in mountainous areas or resource-limited areas.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a Magnoliaceae seed storage technology that is energy-saving, low-cost, easy to operate and can maintain high germination rate. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a method for storing Magnoliaceae seeds that is energy-saving, low-cost, easy to operate and can maintain high germination rate.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present application provides a method for storing Magnoliaceae seeds, comprising the following steps: S1, providing an open ceramic jar with a height of 50-80 cm; S2, screening new river sand (cotton sand) to remove impurities, controlling the particle size of the new river sand to be 0.5-1 mm, and making the water content of the new river sand reach a state of "slightly moist and slightly whitish on the surface"; S3, alternately layering Magnoliaceae plant seeds and new river sand obtained in step S2 in the open ceramic jar at a volume ratio of 1:5-10, the thickness of the middle sand layer being ≤5 cm, to form at least two seed layers and at least three sand layers; S4, placing the completed open ceramic jar in a cool, ventilated, 0-28℃ environment for storage, without low-temperature treatment or sterilization treatment during the period, and only by observing the color and touch of the sand surface, when it is dry, a small amount of water is sprayed to keep the sand in a state of "slightly moist and slightly whitish on the surface"; S5, after 3-7 months of the above storage, the germination rate of Magnoliaceae plant seeds reaches 80-90% in the next year.

[0008] As some embodiments of the present application, the side wall and the bottom surface of the open ceramic jar do not need to be separately provided with air permeable pores, the ceramic material itself has the function of micro-oxygen air permeability, and a small amount of oxygen can permeate through the ceramic jar wall, which is beneficial to the air permeability and micro-respiration of the seeds.

[0009] As some embodiments of the present application, the new river sand is selected to have very small particles, and the water content corresponding to the state of "slightly moist and slightly whitish on the surface" is 10-15% of the saturated water content of the sand.

[0010] As some embodiments of the present application, the Magnoliaceae plant seeds are selected from the seeds of Magnolia, Michelia or Manglietia.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of some embodiments of the present application, the Magnoliaceae plant seeds are Michelia chapensis Dandy, Michelia macclurei Dandy, Manglietia spp., and Magnolia denudata.

[0012] As some embodiments of the present application, in step S3, the thickness of the bottommost sand layer is 3-5 cm, and the thickness of the uppermost sand layer is 5-8 cm, so as to completely cover the uppermost seed layer.

[0013] As some embodiments of the present application, in step S3, the seeds in the seed layer of the Magnoliaceae plant are not overlapped or stacked, and are uniformly distributed in a single layer.

[0014] As some embodiments of the present application, in step S4, the spraying is performed by using a manual sprayer, and the amount of water sprayed each time is 5-10 mL per 100 cm2 of the sand surface.

[0015] As some embodiments of the present application, the open ceramic jar is placed in a rain-sheltered shed or a cool and indirect-light indoor environment during storage, and the relative humidity is maintained at 50-70%.

[0016] As some embodiments of the present application, in step S3, the total number of layers of the seed layer and the sand layer is 5-15, and the seed layer and the sand layer are arranged alternately without other medium layers.

[0017] As some embodiments of the present application, the method does not require the use of any chemical sterilizing agent, preservative or plant growth regulator during storage.

[0018] As some embodiments of the present application, the inner wall of the open ceramic jar is provided with detachable scale marks for indicating the thickness of each layer of the sand layer and the seed layer.

[0019] As some embodiments of the present application, the open ceramic jar further comprises a breathable light-shielding cover that can be covered on the top of the open ceramic jar, and the breathable light-shielding cover is made of non-woven fabric or sunshade net and has a porosity of 30-50%.

[0020] As some embodiments of the present application, the open ceramic jar is circular and has an inner diameter of 60 cm, 80 cm or 100 cm.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects: 1. Energy saving and consumption reduction effect is outstanding: compared with the existing low-temperature (0-5℃) wet sand cold storage technology, the present application completely cancels the refrigeration equipment, the temperature and humidity automatic monitoring device and the sterilization equipment, and can save power under the same storage capacity; it can also be implemented without difference in power shortage or power-free mountainous areas, forest areas and remote nurseries, which significantly reduces the energy dependence and operation cost.

[0022] 2. Simple and convenient operation process: the traditional method needs to go through seed disinfection, wood rod punching for ventilation and / or regular turning, water and medicine supplementing and other manual processes; the present application only needs to be layered once, and the sand surface state is observed and water is sprayed as needed every week, which reduces the manual labor time by about 50%, and is particularly friendly to the grass-roots forestry work station, individual nursery farmers and seasonal labor-intensive areas.

[0023] 3. The material is easy to obtain and low in cost: the core material is a common open pottery jar (clay material jar) and new river sand with a particle size of 0.5mm-1mm, wherein the open pottery jar can be reused, the river sand is easy to obtain, and no chemical fungicides, preservatives, plant growth regulators and special refrigerators are needed. The cost is 1 / 5-1 / 3 of that of traditional low-temperature preservation.

[0024] 4. Stable and excellent germination rate: after verification of multiple species and multiple batches of Magnolia denudata, Michelia chapensis and Phoebe pygmaea, the germination rate is stable in the range of 80%-90% after 3-7 months of storage, and the fluctuation range is not more than ±5% with the storage time (90-210d), which meets the strict requirements of seed activity consistency for large-scale seedling raising.

[0025] 5. Wide environmental adaptation range and strong risk resistance: the wide adaptation range of storage temperature 0℃-28℃ and relative humidity 50%-70% can cover various climate types in China north and south; even if the environmental temperature fluctuates due to short-term extreme high temperature or cold wave, it will not affect the final germination rate, which is significantly better than the traditional constant temperature and humidity storage mode. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only one embodiment of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a column chart of the influence of different storage times on the germination rate in Example 1. Figure 2 It is a column chart of the influence of different humidities on the germination rate in Example 2. Figure 3 It is a column chart of the influence of different sand ratios on the germination rate in Example 3. Figure 4 It is a column chart comparison of different seed germination rates in Example 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the technical means, creative features, purposes and effects achieved by the present application easy to understand, the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below to further illustrate the present application. Obviously, the described specific embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all.

[0029] Embodiment 1: In this embodiment, a method for storing Magnolia denudata Desr. seeds is used to store Magnolia denudata Desr. seeds. After the fruit shell cracks to expose the red seeds, the fruit is picked when the fruit turns red on the sunny side and yellow on the back side, the fruit is laid in the room for 4-5 days for ventilation to promote after-ripening and cracking, the seeds are then manually peeled, rubbed and cleaned, the seed coat surface is dried in a cool place to avoid exposure to the sun, and Magnolia denudata Desr. seeds are obtained. The storage process is as follows: S1, a clay material open pottery jar with a height of 50 cm and an inner diameter of 60 cm is selected.

[0030] S2, the new river sand is sieved through a 2 mm sieve, and the water content is adjusted to a state of “slightly moist and slightly white on the surface” with clean water, at which time the new river sand cannot be formed into a ball by hand but has a moist feeling (this embodiment better demonstrates the effect of the present application, and the water content of the new river sand is detected by drying method, and the result is 13% of the saturated water content. In actual storage, no separate detection is required, and “slightly moist and slightly white on the surface” can be maintained.

[0031] S3, Magnolia denudata Desr. seeds are taken and alternately laid with new river sand at a volume ratio of 1:6: the bottom layer of river sand is 5 cm→ a layer of Magnolia denudata Desr. seeds (the seeds are not stacked, about 1 cm)→ river sand 5 cm→ a layer of Magnolia denudata Desr. seeds→ river sand 5 cm→ a layer of Magnolia denudata Desr. seeds→ river sand 6 cm to seal the top, a total of 7 layers.

[0032] S4, the open pottery jar is placed in a well-ventilated and cool room, and the temperature is consistent with the external environment. In this embodiment, the temperature of the seed storage place changes with time, and the temperature range is 5-28°C, with an average of 15.5°C. It is observed once a week, and if the sand surface appears to be dry and white, it is sprayed with a hand-held sprayer at 8 mL / 100 cm².

[0033] S5, the germination rate is determined by sampling at 90, 120, 150, 180 and 210 days, and the results are as follows Figure 1 . Among them, the germination rate is 90% at 90 days, 88% at 120 days, 86% at 150 days, 84% at 180 days, and 81% at 210 days, all of which are higher than the target value.

[0034] Embodiment 2: In this embodiment, a method for storing Magnolia denudata Desr. seeds is used to store Magnolia denudata Desr. seeds, and the rest of the conditions are the same as in Embodiment 1. The water content of the sand is set to 5% (no obvious moist feeling, surface obviously white, cannot be formed into a ball by hand, and scattered by light touch), 10% (slightly moist and white on the surface, cannot be formed into a ball by hand), 15% (slightly moist and slightly white on the surface, difficult to form a ball by hand, and scattered by light touch), 20% (obvious moist feeling and slightly white on the surface, slightly reflective, and difficult to form a ball by hand), and 25% (obvious moist feeling, deep color on the surface, obvious reflection, and tight ball by hand), a total of 5 groups. The germination rate is determined after 150 days of storage, and the results are shown in Figure 2The germination rate of the 5% group is 76%, the 10% group is 85%, the 15% group is 88%, the 20% group is 82%, and the 25% group is reduced to 70% due to partial mold. It can be seen that the interval of about 10% to 15% corresponding to "slightly moist and slightly whitish surface" is the best.

[0035] Example 3: In this example, a method for storing Magnoliaceae seeds is used to store Magnolia denudata seeds. Except for the seed / sand volume ratio, the rest is the same as in Example 1. Five groups of seeds and Xinhua sand volume ratio 1:3, 1:5, 1:6, 1:8, 1:10 are set, and the germination rate is measured after 150 days of storage. The results are shown in Table 3. Figure 3 The 1:3 group has a lower germination rate of 72% due to the dense seeds, the 1:5 group has a germination rate of 83%, the 1:6 group has a germination rate of 88%, the 1:8 group has a germination rate of 89%, and the 1:10 group has a germination rate of 88%. After increasing the sand ratio, the space occupied is large and the cost is increased, but the germination rate cannot be increased, so the seed / sand volume ratio of 1:5 to 8 is a more appropriate range.

[0036] Example 4: In this example, a method for storing Magnoliaceae seeds is used to store Michelia chapensis and Phoebe pygmaea seeds. Except for the seed type, the rest is the same as in Example 1, and the germination rate is measured after 150 and 210 days of sampling. The results are shown in Table 4. Figure 4 Among them, the germination rate of Michelia chapensis seeds stored for 150 days is 85%, and the germination rate of Michelia chapensis seeds stored for 210 days is 82%; the germination rate of Phoebe pygmaea seeds stored for 150 days is 87%, and the germination rate of Phoebe pygmaea seeds stored for 210 days is 83%, indicating that this method is also applicable to other seeds of Magnoliaceae.

[0037] The above describes the main technical features and basic principles of the present application and related advantages. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present application is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the concept or basic features of the present application. Therefore, from any point of view, the above-mentioned specific embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and therefore all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present application.

[0038] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described in terms of each embodiment, each embodiment does not contain only one independent technical solution, and the description manner of the specification is only for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can be combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method of storing Magnoliaceae seeds, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1, providing an open ceramic jar with a height of 50-80 cm; S2, screening new river sand to remove impurities, controlling the particle size of the new river sand to be 0.5-1 mm, and making the water content of the new river sand reach a state of "slightly moist and slightly whitish on the surface"; S3, alternately layering the seeds of Magnoliaceae plants and the new river sand obtained in step S2 in the open ceramic jar at a volume ratio of 1:5-10, the thickness of the intermediate sand layer being ≤5 cm, to form at least two seed layers and at least three sand layers; S4, placing the completed open ceramic jar in a cool, ventilated, 0-28℃ environment, and continuously maintaining the sand in a state of "slightly moist and slightly whitish on the surface" by observing the color and touch of the sand surface and spraying a small amount of water when it is dry; S5, after 3-7 months of the above storage, the germination rate of the seeds of Magnoliaceae plants reaches 80-90% in the next year.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the seed of the genus Yulania is stored at a temperature of -20°C to 0°C. The side wall and bottom surface of the open ceramic jar do not need to be separately provided with air permeable pores, the ceramic material itself has a micro-oxygen air permeable function, and a small amount of oxygen can permeate through the ceramic jar wall, which is beneficial to the air permeation and micro-respiration of the seeds.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by, The state of "slightly moist and slightly whitish on the surface" of the new river sand corresponds to a water content of 10-15% of the saturated water content of the sand.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by, The seeds of Magnoliaceae plants are selected from the seeds of Magnolia, Michelia or Manglietia.

5. The method of storing seeds of the genus Magnoliaceae according to claim 4, characterized in that, The seeds of Magnoliaceae plants are Magnolia champaca, Machilus thunbergii, Manglietia, Magnolia.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by, In step S3, the total number of seed layers and sand layers is 5-15, and the seed layers and sand layers are alternately arranged without other medium layers; the thickness of the bottommost sand layer is 3-5 cm, and the thickness of the topmost sand layer is 5-8 cm to completely cover the topmost seed layer.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by, In step S3, the seeds in the seed layer of Magnoliaceae plants are not overlapped or stacked, but are uniformly distributed in a single layer.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by, In step S4, the spraying of water uses a manual sprayer, and the amount of water sprayed each time is 5-10 mL per 100 cm2 of sand surface.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by, The open ceramic jar is placed in a rain-sheltered shed or a cool and indirect light indoor environment during storage, and the relative humidity is maintained at 50-70%; no chemical sterilizing agent, preservative or plant growth regulator is used during storage.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by, The inner wall of the open ceramic jar is provided with detachable scale markings for indicating the thickness of each sand layer and seed layer; The open ceramic jar further comprises a breathable light-shielding cover that can be covered on the top of the open ceramic jar, the breathable light-shielding cover is made of non-woven fabric or sunshade net, and the porosity is 30-50%; The open ceramic jar is circular, and the inner diameter is 60 cm, 80 cm or 100 cm.

Images