Double-fixed femoral artery blood sampling method

Abstract

The invention relates to a double-fixed femoral artery blood sampling method. The method comprises the following steps: a patient takes a supine position, and the lower limbs on the operation side straighten and slightly extend outwards; an operator adopts a 5ml disposable heparinization syringe, and conventional iodophor is used for disinfecting a puncture part and fingers of both hands; the index finger and the middle finger of the left hand fix the femoral artery pulsation point, the thumb, the ring finger and the little finger of the right hand vertically fix the injector, the first joint of the index finger and the middle finger abuts against or clamps the piston handle, and vertical needle insertion of the injector is kept. After the needle tip completely enters the skin, the right finger joint lightly jacks upwards, the needle head accurately enters the arterial cavity, arterial blood is slowly extracted after blood return occurs, and the needle is pulled out and pressed for hemostasis after blood collection is finished, according to the method, through two-hand synchronous fixing and finger joint force application control, it is ensured that an injector only does vertical movement, the needle missing phenomenon is reduced, and the blood collection success rate is increased; the device is especially suitable for patients with cardiovascular diseases and weak femoral artery pulsation. The application has the effects of simplicity and convenience in operation, quickness in mastering, high success rate and small pain of a patient.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of clinical nursing and arterial blood sampling, in particular to a double-fixed femoral artery blood sampling method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Femoral artery blood sampling is one of the commonly used arterial blood sampling methods in clinical medicine, and has a wide application in the fields of intensive care unit (ICU), cardiovascular department, anesthesia department and emergency medicine. Arterial blood samples have important clinical significance in blood gas analysis, acid-base balance monitoring and disease assessment, and the femoral artery is usually considered as one of the reliable sites for obtaining arterial blood samples due to its larger diameter, abundant blood flow and relatively fixed position.

[0003] However, in actual clinical operation, the success rate of femoral artery blood sampling is not ideal. According to clinical statistics and first-line medical experience, the overall success rate of conventional femoral artery blood sampling is about 60%, and the success rate is even lower in ICU patients. In the process of blood sampling, ordinary patients often have problems such as needle leakage and puncture failure due to differences in operator skills or unstable posture, and the pulsation of femoral artery in patients with cardiovascular diseases is weak or even difficult to touch, which significantly increases the difficulty of puncture. Frequent needle insertion not only increases the pain of patients, but also brings great psychological pressure and operation risk to medical staff.

[0004] The conventional femoral artery blood sampling method commonly used in hospitals is as follows: the patient is placed in a supine position, the lower limb on the operation side is stretched and slightly abducted, and the knee joint is slightly bent. The operator touches the femoral artery pulsation at the midpoint of the inguinal ligament in the femoral triangle, disinfects the puncture area with iodophor, places the index finger and middle finger of the left hand on both sides of the strongest femoral artery pulsation to fix the blood vessel, holds a heparinized syringe with the right hand between the two fingers, and vertically inserts the needle. When blood return is seen, stop inserting, loosen the left hand fixation, and use the right hand to draw 1ml of arterial blood, then remove the needle and immediately press the puncture site. Although this method is a standard operation procedure, it has obvious shortcomings in actual execution.

[0005] On the one hand, the conventional method relies on the palpation of obvious femoral artery pulsation, but in many patients with cardiovascular diseases or shock, the femoral artery pulsation is extremely weak or even completely inaccessible. At this time, even if the needle is inserted vertically, arterial blood return may not be seen, resulting in puncture failure. On the other hand, in the conventional operation, after the needle enters the skin, the operator needs to change hands after seeing blood - that is, to loosen the left hand fixation and change to pulling the piston handle to complete the blood sampling. During this process, since the right hand needle insertion and left hand switching operation need to be completed in a short time, the stability of the syringe is insufficient, which can easily cause the needle tip to deviate or move out of the arterial lumen, resulting in the "needle leakage" phenomenon. After needle leakage, re-puncture is required, which not only prolongs the operation time, but also significantly increases the pain and trauma risk of patients.

[0006] In addition, the conventional blood sampling method requires high experience of the operator, and a senior nurse or doctor can judge the position of the artery by touch, angle and depth, but for beginners, it takes a long time to train to master, especially in the ICU environment, the patient's body position is limited, the limb is deformed, the blood pressure is too low, the extremities are cold, and other conditions are more common. These factors will increase the difficulty of blood sampling. Frequent puncture failure not only reduces work efficiency, but also causes patient fear and nursing risk.

[0007] In the prior art, some studies attempt to improve the success rate of femoral artery blood sampling by improving the needle or introducing image-assisted technology (such as ultrasound positioning), however, the cost of ultrasound equipment is high, the operation is complex, and it is not suitable for use in high frequency or emergency situations; although the improved needle can stabilize the needle angle to a certain extent, it still does not solve the fundamental problems of unstable operator hand fixation and injector deviation, therefore, there is still a lack of a simple, low-cost and high-success-rate femoral artery blood sampling method.

[0008] To solve the above problems, the inventors propose a "double fixed femoral artery blood sampling method", which does not increase any additional equipment, and by improving the coordination of the operator's hands, the femoral artery pulsation point and the injector are fixed simultaneously: the left hand index finger and middle finger stabilize the femoral artery pulsation point and remain stationary until the blood sampling is completed; the right thumb, ring finger and little finger vertically fix the injector, so that the injector remains stable during the needle insertion process; the right index finger and middle finger first joint press or clamp the piston handle, giving a slight upward supporting force after the needle tip completely enters the skin, avoiding the needle sinking and deviation, and ensuring the smooth and controllable needle insertion process, when the needle tip enters the artery cavity, the blood sample can be taken, and after completion, the puncture point is pressed for inspection.

[0009] This "double fixed" operation mode overcomes the defects of separation of fixation and needle insertion, and hand change operation leading to needle leakage in the traditional method, realizes stable control throughout the process, not only significantly improves the success rate of femoral artery blood sampling, but also reduces the number of punctures and patient pain, especially suitable for complex cases such as patients with cardiovascular disease, hypotension and lower limb deformity, etc. It is simple to operate, easy to learn, and has strong popularization, and has important value for improving the safety and efficiency of arterial blood sampling in ICU and other clinical departments.

[0010] In summary, the existing femoral artery blood sampling technology has low success rate, frequent needle leakage, operation dependent on experience, and great pain for patients, which seriously affects the clinical work efficiency and medical quality, therefore, there is an urgent need for an improved technology that can improve the stability and success rate of blood sampling by optimizing the operation method without relying on auxiliary equipment, to solve the shortcomings of the existing technology. SUMMARY

[0011] To improve the above technical problems, the present application provides a double fixed femoral artery blood sampling method.

[0012] The double-fixed femoral artery blood sampling method provided by the application adopts the technical scheme as follows: The double-fixed femoral artery blood sampling method comprises the following steps: Step one: the patient is in a supine position, the lower limb on the operation side is stretched and slightly abducted, and the knee joint is slightly flexed; Step two: the operator uses a 5ml disposable syringe as a blood sampling tool, and disinfects the puncture site and the operator's index finger and middle finger with conventional iodophor, or can wear sterile rubber gloves; Step three: the operator's left hand index finger and middle finger are fixed on both sides of the strongest pulsation point of the femoral artery, and remain fixed until the blood sampling is completed; Step four: the operator's right hand thumb, ring finger and little finger are vertically fixed on the syringe, the thumb is located in the middle of the needle tube, the ring finger and the little finger are located on the upper and lower positions of the other side of the needle tube, and the scale line of the syringe faces outward; Step five: the operator's right hand index finger and middle finger first joints are pressed against or clamped on the piston handle, forming a symmetrical fulcrum; Step six: the needle tube is kept in a vertical direction, when the needle tip completely enters the skin, the operator's right hand index finger and middle finger first joints slightly apply upward force, the needle head is stably pushed downward until it enters the arterial cavity; Step seven: after the blood appears, the left hand remains fixed, the right hand index finger and middle finger press or clamp the piston handle, and 1ml of arterial blood is slowly drawn; Step eight: after the blood sampling is completed, the needle is quickly pulled out, the puncture site is pressed to stop bleeding, and the needle head is sealed before being sent for examination.

[0013] By adopting the above technical scheme, the left hand stably fixes the femoral artery pulsation point, so that the arterial position remains constant during the entire blood sampling process, avoiding the puncture deviation caused by the blood vessel sliding, ensuring the consistency of the needle insertion direction and the arterial axis, and the right hand thumb, ring finger and little finger vertically fix the syringe, so that the syringe remains stable during the needle insertion process, effectively preventing the shaking, tilting or sliding phenomenon, significantly reducing the probability of needle missing, at the same time, the right hand index finger and middle finger first joints press or clamp the piston handle, forming a fulcrum structure, so that the operator can stably control the needle depth and direction during the needle insertion and blood drawing process, ensuring smooth and controllable needle insertion. When the needle is inserted, a slight upward force is applied, even if no blood is seen, the needle can also smoothly draw blood after entering the arterial cavity. The needle remains in a precise position after penetrating the skin and tissue, improving the arterial hit rate, and the whole realizes the optimization of "left hand stabilizing blood vessel, right hand stabilizing needle tube, and both hands cooperating without changing position", overcoming the problems of needle missing, pulsation point deviation and poor blood return in the traditional method.

[0014] Optionally, the syringe is a 5ml disposable heparinized syringe.

[0015] By adopting the technical scheme, the 5ml disposable heparinized syringe is used as a blood collection instrument, which can effectively prevent the collected arterial blood sample from coagulating in the syringe, ensure the stability of the blood sample composition and the accuracy of the detection result, and meanwhile, the 5ml syringe has moderate capacity, is convenient for the operator to control with hands, can improve the precision and hand stability during blood drawing under the premise of maintaining sufficient blood volume, and further improve the safety and success rate of femoral artery blood collection.

[0016] Optionally, the fixing of the right thumb, ring finger and little finger to the syringe is a three-point vertical fixing structure to prevent the syringe from being laterally deviated during needle insertion.

[0017] By adopting the technical scheme, the syringe maintains a stable vertical posture during needle insertion, which can effectively prevent the syringe from being laterally deviated or shaken, ensure that the needle tip accurately enters the femoral artery cavity in the intended direction, improve the stability and control accuracy of the operation, reduce the risk of needle missing, ensure the continuity and success rate of the blood collection process, and improve the reliability and safety of the clinical operation.

[0018] Optionally, when the first joints of the right index finger and middle finger abut against or clamp the piston handle, the fingertips of the index finger and middle finger do not contact the core rod to prevent contamination or misoperation.

[0019] By adopting the technical scheme, a stable supporting force is formed to control the depth and direction of the needle insertion, and direct contact with the core rod is avoided to cause blood contamination or misoperation, which not only ensures the accurate control of the needle tube and the piston, improves the stability and success rate of blood collection, but also reduces the risk of infection and human operation error during the operation process, and enhances the safety and reliability of clinical blood collection.

[0020] Optionally, during the needle insertion process, after the needle tip completely enters the skin, the operator forms an upward thrust force through the finger joints, and even if no blood return is observed, the arterial blood can be smoothly drawn after the needle tip enters the arterial cavity.

[0021] By adopting the technical scheme, the direction and angle of the needle are effectively stabilized to prevent the needle tip from being deviated or sunk under the tissue resistance, improve the accuracy and controllability of the needle insertion, enable the needle to accurately enter the arterial cavity, ensure smooth blood return, reduce the risk of needle missing and repeated puncture, and thus improve the success rate, safety and operation reliability of femoral artery blood collection.

[0022] Optionally, during the process of fixing the femoral artery pulsation point with the left hand, the left hand is kept still from the beginning to the end and is not loosened during the needle insertion and blood drawing process, so as to maintain the stability of the blood collection point.

[0023] By adopting the technical scheme, the arterial position is ensured to be stable and not to move during the whole needle insertion and blood sampling process, the needle tip is prevented from deviating from the arterial cavity due to blood vessel sliding or tissue extrusion, the puncture accuracy and blood return success rate are improved, the needle missing and repeated puncture times during the operation process are reduced, the patient pain and damage risk are reduced, and the safety, reliability and clinical operability of the femoral artery blood sampling are improved.

[0024] Optionally, before the needle insertion blood is seen, the operator can make the needle head accurately enter the arterial cavity by the force formed by the right finger joint upward movement, so as to ensure that the blood can be smoothly drawn even when the pulse is weak.

[0025] By adopting the technical scheme, the puncture difficulty caused by the weak femoral artery pulse of the cardiovascular disease patient or the hypotension patient is effectively overcome, the arterial hit rate and blood sampling success rate are improved, the repeated puncture times are reduced, the patient pain is reduced, and the reliability and clinical applicability of the blood sampling operation are enhanced.

[0026] Optionally, during the operation, the moving path of the syringe is limited to the vertical up-down movement, so as to avoid the left-right deviation to cause the needle missing.

[0027] By adopting the technical scheme, the above constraint improves the stability and direction control accuracy of the needle insertion, makes the blood smoothly return, ensures the continuous and reliable blood sampling process, limits the moving path to simplify the operation action, reduces the risk of the operator's unstable hand, and improves the success rate, safety and clinical operation repeatability of the femoral artery blood sampling.

[0028] Optionally, when the needle head completely enters the skin, the angle range of the right finger joint upward movement is 10°-25°, so as to realize the best arterial entry angle.

[0029] By adopting the technical scheme, the needle head and the femoral artery form the best entry angle, the accuracy of the needle tip entering the arterial cavity is improved, the needle deviation and tissue damage are effectively reduced, the blood return is ensured to be smooth, the blood sampling success rate is improved, the repeated puncture risk is reduced, the patient pain is reduced, and the operation controllability of the operator and the safety and reliability of the clinical blood sampling are enhanced.

[0030] Optionally, the blood sampling method is applicable to ordinary patients, cardiovascular disease patients and lower limb deformity patients, and high success rate blood sampling can be realized even in the case of weak arterial pulse; The method can significantly reduce the needle missing phenomenon, improve the femoral artery blood sampling success rate to more than 90%, and shorten the blood sampling operation time; During the whole blood sampling process of the method, the operator completes the fixing, needle insertion and blood drawing actions with both hands without the need to change the hand position or repeatedly insert the needle; The blood sampling action of the method is coherent and continuous, which significantly reduces the patient pain and mental stress and reduces the operation burden of the medical staff.

[0031] By adopting the technical scheme, the method is applicable to common patients, cardiovascular disease patients and lower limb deformity patients, high success rate blood sampling is realized even in the case that the femoral artery pulse is weak or blood flow is not obvious, the problem of puncture failure in specific patient groups in the traditional method is effectively overcome, the needle is ensured to be stable and not to deviate in the whole process of needle insertion and blood drawing through the double-hand cooperative fixation of the blood vessel and the syringe, the needle missing phenomenon is significantly reduced, the success rate of femoral artery blood sampling is increased to more than 90%, the blood sampling operation time is shortened, and the clinical work efficiency is improved. In the whole blood sampling process, the operator completes the fixation, needle insertion and blood drawing actions through double-hand cooperation, the hand position does not need to be changed or the needle needs not to be repeatedly inserted, the operation is coherent and completed in one breath, and the pain and mental stress of the patient caused by unstable operation or repeated puncture are reduced.

[0032] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. Through the double-hand cooperative operation of fixing the femoral artery pulse point by the left hand and stabilizing the syringe by the right hand, high hit rate and high success rate blood sampling can be realized even in the case that the femoral artery pulse is weak or blood flow is not obvious, which is significantly better than the traditional method; 2. The design that the right hand vertically fixes the syringe at three points and the index finger and the middle finger support the piston handle ensures that the needle is stable and not deviated in the process of needle insertion and blood drawing, effectively reduces the needle missing and repeated puncture, and improves the operation safety; 3. A 5ml disposable heparinized syringe is adopted to prevent blood from coagulating in the sampling process, ensure the stability of the blood sample composition, and ensure the accuracy of the detection result; 4. In the process of needle insertion, a moderate upward thrust force is applied through the right hand finger joint fine adjustment, and the angle is controlled in the range of 10°-25°, the best entering angle of the needle and the femoral artery is realized, the needle insertion accuracy is improved, and the blood return is smooth; 5. The fixation, needle insertion and blood drawing are completed through double-hand cooperation in the whole blood sampling process, the hand position does not need to be changed or the needle needs not to be repeatedly inserted, the operation is coherent and completed in one breath, the operator's hand instability and mental stress are reduced, and the clinical work efficiency is improved; 6. The operation is stable, fast and accurate, the blood sampling time is effectively shortened, the pain and mental stress of the patient are reduced, the patient experience is improved, and the method is particularly suitable for ICU critical patients, cardiovascular disease patients and lower limb deformity patients; 7. The method is simple and easy to learn, the operation action is controllable, no complex auxiliary equipment is needed, the method is applicable to different types of patients, and has high clinical promotion and application value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the method of the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 .

[0034] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the method of the embodiment of the present applicationFigure 2 .

[0035] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the method of the embodiment of the application Figure 3 .

[0036] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the method of the embodiment of the application Figure 4 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following is a detailed description of the application. Figures 1-4 The application is further described in detail.

[0038] The embodiment of the application discloses a double-fixed femoral artery blood sampling method. Figures 1-4 , comprising the following steps: Step one: the patient takes a supine position, the lower limb of the operation side is stretched and slightly abducted, and the knee joint is slightly flexed; Step two: the operator uses a 5ml disposable syringe as a blood sampling tool, and routinely disinfects the puncture site and the operator's index finger and middle finger of both hands with iodophor, or can wear sterile rubber gloves; Step three: the index finger and middle finger of the left hand are fixed on both sides of the strongest pulsation of the femoral artery, and remain fixed until the blood sampling is completed; Step four: the thumb, ring finger and little finger of the right hand vertically fix the syringe, the thumb is located in the middle of the needle tube, and the ring finger and little finger are located on the upper and lower positions of the other side of the needle tube, and the scale line of the syringe faces outward; Step five: the index finger and middle finger of the right hand press or clamp the piston handle at the first joint on the outside, forming a symmetrical fulcrum; Step six: keep the needle tube vertical direction, when the needle tip completely enters the skin, the index finger and middle finger of the right hand slightly apply upward force to the first joint, the needle head is stably pushed downward until it enters the arterial cavity; Step seven: after the blood appears, continue to keep the left hand fixed, the index finger and middle finger of the right hand lift or clamp the piston handle, and slowly extract 1ml of arterial blood; Step eight: after the blood sampling is completed, the needle is quickly pulled out and the puncture site is pressed to stop bleeding, and the needle head is sealed and sent for examination.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2, select 5ml disposable syringe, routine iodophor disinfection puncture site and operator left hand index finger, middle finger, at the same time completely disinfect right hand index finger, middle finger from the tip of the finger to the root, also can double hand wear sterile rubber gloves, left hand index finger, middle finger, fixed pulsation point. With the thumb, small finger, ring finger vertical fixed heparinized syringe, small finger, ring finger on the same side of the syringe up and down, the thumb is located at the midpoint of the syringe on the other side, fix the syringe, pay attention to not cover the scale, index finger, middle finger outward first joint against the piston handle, also can clamp the piston handle, try not to touch the core rod, grip needle schematic diagram.

[0040] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 , left hand always fixed pacing point, vertical needle puncture into the pacing point, the needle tip completely into the skin, right hand index finger, middle finger joint slightly add a upward force, see blood, right hand index finger, middle finger joint clamp or top up the piston handle, from beginning to end left hand fixed. After collecting 1ml of arterial blood, quickly pull out the needle, press the puncture point.

[0041] In the actual application, step one is the preparation before operation, the first step is patient position preparation, the patient takes supine position, the lower limb of the operation side is stretched out and slightly extended, the knee joint is slightly bent. The body position can make the muscles of the femoral triangle area relax, which is convenient for touching the femoral artery pulse. For patients with lower limb deformity, injury or postoperative fixation, slight adjustment can be made according to the specific situation to ensure the operation space and safety. In ICU or intensive care environment, the bed angle can be adjusted to make the operator's arm and finger contact the femoral artery position smoothly; The second step is to prepare the blood collection device. The operator prepares a 5ml disposable heparinized syringe as a blood collection device, which can also be selected according to the detection requirements. Heparinization can effectively prevent the blood sample from coagulating in the syringe, ensure the stability of the blood composition, and improve the accuracy of blood gas analysis or other detection results. Other supporting devices include sterile gloves, iodophor cotton ball, sterile dressing, hemostatic bandage and specimen delivery box. Before operation, the operator should wash hands strictly and disinfect the puncture area and index finger and middle finger or wear sterile rubber gloves; Secondly, the double fixed operation step, step one: left hand fixed femoral artery: left hand index finger and middle finger are placed on both sides of the strongest femoral artery pulse, the fingers gently touch the blood vessel, maintain constant pressure, so that the arterial position does not slide during the whole blood collection process, the left hand fixed action remains stationary from beginning to end until the end of blood collection. This fixed mode can prevent blood vessel deviation, ensure the needle head to enter along the arterial axis direction accurately, realize the technical effect that the left hand fixed femoral artery pulse point can maintain the stability of the blood collection point, reduce the risk of needle deviation and needle missing, and improve the arterial hit rate and blood return success rate; Step two is to fix the syringe with the right hand: the right thumb, ring finger and little finger form a three-point vertical fixed structure on the syringe, with the thumb in the middle of the needle tube, the ring finger and little finger on the other side of the needle tube, the right index finger and middle finger first joint pressing or clamping the piston handle, forming a symmetrical fulcrum, the fingertips do not touch the needle core to avoid contamination or misoperation, and the technical effect is achieved. The right hand three-point vertical fixed syringe ensures the vertical stability of the needle tube during needle insertion, preventing lateral deviation or shaking; the index finger and middle finger support the piston handle to form a fulcrum, improving the accuracy of needle depth and direction control, reducing the risk of needle leakage, and ensuring continuous and reliable blood sampling process; Step three is the needle insertion operation, keeping the needle tube vertical, slowly advancing the needle tip, when the needle tip completely enters the skin, the right index finger and middle finger first joint fine-tune, apply a moderate upward force, the angle of the upward force is controlled within 10°-25°, to form the best entering angle between the needle and the femoral artery, the needle tube only moves up and down during the entire needle insertion process, avoiding lateral deviation causing needle leakage, the technical effect is achieved. This operation ensures that the needle tip enters the arterial cavity along the predetermined path, improves the accuracy of needle insertion, prevents deviation or tissue damage, and reduces the risk of repeated puncture; Step four is the blood return and blood drawing operation, when the needle tip enters the arterial cavity and blood returns, the left hand continues to fix the blood vessel, the right index finger and middle finger lift or clamp the piston handle, slowly draw 1ml of arterial blood, during the blood drawing process, keep the needle stable to prevent the needle tip from leaving the blood vessel cavity, the technical effect is achieved. Ensure accurate and continuous collection of blood samples, reduce repeated puncture, and improve success rate; suitable for patients with weak pulse or unobvious blood flow; Step five is blood sampling completion and needle disposal, after blood sampling is completed, quickly remove the needle, and press the puncture point to stop bleeding at the same time, the pressing time can be adjusted according to the patient's blood clotting function (usually 3-5 minutes), the needle is closed, the blood sample is sent for examination, and the technical effect is achieved. The specimen is pollution-free, safe and reliable, suitable for blood gas analysis and other tests.

[0042] The following is a suitable embodiment for different patients Example 1: Cardiovascular disease patients The femoral artery of cardiovascular disease patients has weak pulse, and the success rate of traditional blood sampling method is low, this method forms a fine-tuning force by lifting the right finger joints, so that the needle can accurately enter the arterial cavity before blood is seen during needle insertion, the operation steps are the same as the conventional operation, but the upward force and the speed of needle insertion need to be adjusted according to the strength of the pulse, which significantly improves the hit rate of femoral artery, reduces repeated puncture and needle leakage, and reduces the pain of patients.

[0043] Example 2: Patients with lower limb deformity or ICU critically ill patients For patients with limited limbs or difficult-to-access blood vessels, the affected limb posture can be adjusted or support equipment can be used to ensure the operating space. The left hand should be fixed on the blood vessel and the right hand should be fixed on the needle tube with three points. The action should be more stable, the top force and needle advancement should be controlled precisely, and even in the case of weak femoral artery pulsation or high tissue resistance, blood sampling can be successfully completed.

[0044] Example 3: Common patient The operation steps of the common patient are the same as those in Example 1, but due to the obvious pulsation, the needle insertion operation is more smooth, the success rate is high, the operation time is short, and it is suitable for daily blood gas collection and clinical routine examination.

[0045] The alternative implementation scheme is: 1, the capacity of the syringe can be selected in the range of 2ml-5ml, The left hand fixing method can adjust the finger position according to the depth of the blood vessel and the thickness of the tissue to ensure uniform stress on the blood vessel. The right hand three-point fixing can be slightly adjusted according to the operator's hand shape to ensure the comfort and stability of the operation. The top force angle range can be fine-tuned to adapt to different blood vessel depths, blood flow conditions and patient sizes. It can also be combined with ultrasonic auxiliary positioning, but in the absence of auxiliary equipment, this method can still achieve high success rate of blood sampling.

[0046] The operation principle and technical effect of the embodiment of the present application are summarized as follows: 1. Improve the success rate of blood sampling: double fixation operation ensures that the left hand stabilizes the blood vessel and the right hand stabilizes the needle tube, so that the needle tip accurately enters the arterial cavity, and even if the pulsation is weak, blood can be smoothly returned; 2. Reduce the risk of needle missing and repeated puncture: three-point fixing structure and fulcrum design ensure the stability of the needle tube, prevent deviation, and improve the reliability of the operation; 3. Ensure the quality of blood samples: heparinized syringe prevents blood coagulation, ensures the stability of sample composition, and ensures the accuracy of test results; 4. Improve operation precision: needle tip insertion angle is controllable, direction is stable, and needle tip is ensured to smoothly enter the arterial cavity, reducing tissue damage; 5. Simplify the operation process: the whole process of blood sampling is completed by both hands, without the need to change hands or repeat the needle insertion, the operation is continuous, and the efficiency is improved; 6. Reduce patient pain: fast and accurate operation, reduce repeated puncture and operation time, reduce pain and tension; 7. Wide applicability: suitable for ordinary patients, patients with cardiovascular diseases, patients with lower limb deformities and ICU critically ill patients, without the need for complex auxiliary equipment, and high clinical popularization value.

[0047] Notes in the implementation of the present application: the operator strictly performs sterile operation, washes hands before and after operation, keeps the needle tube vertical during needle insertion to prevent left and right deviation, the top force should be moderate to avoid deep penetration into the blood vessel or penetration through the blood vessel wall, press the hemostasis in time after blood sampling is completed, and observe whether there is hematoma or bleeding at the puncture site, Patients with coagulation dysfunction should extend the pressing time or take auxiliary hemostasis measures.

[0048] The clinical application examples of the present application are as follows: ICU blood gas collection: this method is applied in the femoral artery blood collection of ICU patients, especially cardiovascular disease patients, the success rate can be more than 90%, and the probability of needle missing and repeated puncture is significantly reduced; Daily blood gas detection: the femoral artery blood collection time of ordinary patients is shortened, the operation is comfortable, and it is suitable for routine use in departments; Blood collection of patients with lower limb deformity: by adjusting the fixed finger position and the angle of the top force, blood gas collection is successfully realized, and the clinical operation feasibility is improved.

[0049] The technical advantages of the present application are as follows: 1. The left hand fixes the pacemaker throughout, the right hand firmly fixes the syringe, the syringe can only move up and down and cannot deviate left and right, and the pacemaker is not prone to needle missing even if it is slightly moved; 2: The success rate is extremely high, the needle is seen in blood, the finger joint is used to force, and it can be lifted. As long as it is careful and responsible, there is basically no mistake; 3. After the needle is completely inserted into the skin, the finger joint can be slightly forced upward, and blood can still be successfully collected without waiting for the needle to see blood; 4. The method is simple, and it can be mastered quickly with a little guidance, without the need for technical accumulation; 5. The action is coherent and complete, greatly shortening the operation time and reducing the pain of the patient.

[0050] The implementation principle of the embodiment of the double-fixed femoral artery blood sampling method is: through the coordinated fixation and control of the left and right hands, the operation mode of "left hand stabilizing blood vessel, right hand stabilizing needle tube, and no position change of both hands" is realized, so that the needle tip accurately enters the femoral artery cavity, the blood sampling success rate is improved, the risk of needle missing and repeated puncture is reduced, the left index finger and middle finger are fixed on both sides of the place with the strongest femoral artery pulsation, the blood vessel position is stabilized through constant pressure, the needle tip is prevented from deviating due to tissue extrusion or blood vessel sliding, the direction of needle insertion is kept consistent with the femoral artery axis, the fixing action of the left hand runs through the whole blood sampling process and does not change with the needle insertion or blood drawing action, providing reliable reference and support for the right hand operation, especially in the case of weak femoral artery pulsation or deep blood vessel, the left hand fixation can significantly improve the arterial hit rate, the right hand operation fixes the syringe in a three-point vertical manner, the thumb is placed in the middle of the needle tube, the ring finger and the little finger are located on the upper and lower positions of the needle tube on the other side, at the same time, the index finger and the middle finger outside the first joint press or clamp the piston handle, forming a symmetrical fulcrum, ensuring the vertical stability of the needle tube during needle insertion, avoiding horizontal shaking and deviation, and providing a fulcrum for accurately controlling the depth and direction of the needle, so that the operator can smoothly push the needle tip into the arterial cavity, after the needle tip completely enters the skin, a small upward force is applied through the joints of the right index finger and middle finger, and the needle tip can be smoothly drawn out even if there is no backflow after the needle tip enters the arterial cavity, the needle head keeps the best direction after penetrating the skin and soft tissue to enter the artery, the angle of the fine-tuning force is usually controlled between 10° and 25°, the best needle insertion angle can be achieved, so as to ensure accurate needle insertion and smooth blood return, after the needle tip enters the arterial cavity and backflow occurs, the right hand lifts or clamps the piston handle, and the required amount of arterial blood is slowly drawn, during the whole process, the left hand continuously fixes the blood vessel, and the right hand accurately controls the position of the needle and the syringe, realizing the blood sampling action in one go, avoiding the need to change hands or repeatedly insert the needle in the traditional operation, not only reducing the probability of needle missing and repeated puncture, but also reducing the pain and mental stress of the patient, further ensuring that the blood sample does not coagulate, maintaining the stability of the blood composition, improving the accuracy of the test result, through the stable control of the two hands, the technical difficulties such as difficult to access the blood vessel, weak pulsation and large tissue resistance are overcome, the arterial blood collection with high success rate is realized, the right hand fine-tuning force combined with the left hand constant support makes the needle insertion action accurate and stable, even in the case of weak pulsation, blood can be smoothly seen, the blood is ensured to flow back smoothly, needle missing, blood vessel injury and repeated puncture are avoided, the operation process is simplified, the blood sampling process is coherent and in one go, the operator does not need to change hands or repeatedly adjust the position during needle insertion and blood drawing, the operation time is greatly shortened, the operation burden of medical staff is reduced, at the same time, the pain of the patient is significantly reduced, the high precision, high success rate and high safety of the femoral artery blood sampling operation are realized.

[0051] The above are preferred embodiments of the present application, but do not limit the protection scope of the present application, therefore: any equivalent changes made on the structure, shape, principle of the present application shall be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method of collecting blood from a femoral artery with a double fixed system, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: The patient is in supine position, and the lower limb of the operation side is stretched and slightly extended, and the knee joint is slightly bent;   Step 2: The operator uses a 5ml disposable syringe as a blood sampling instrument, and disinfects the puncture site and the index finger and middle finger of the operator's hands with conventional iodophor, or can wear sterile rubber gloves; Step 3: The left hand's index finger and middle finger are fixed on both sides of the strongest part of the femoral artery pulse, and remain fixed until the blood sampling is completed; Step 4: The right hand's thumb, ring finger and little finger are vertically fixed on the syringe, the thumb is located in the middle of the needle tube, and the ring finger and little finger are located on the upper and lower positions of the other side of the needle tube, and the scale line of the syringe faces outward; Step 5: The first joints of the right hand's index finger and middle finger are pressed against or clamped on the piston handle, forming a symmetrical fulcrum; Step 6: The needle tube is kept in a vertical direction, and when the needle tip completely enters the skin, the first joints of the right hand's index finger and middle finger slightly apply upward force, the needle head is stably pushed downward until it enters the arterial cavity; Step 7: After the blood appears, the left hand remains fixed, the right hand's index finger and middle finger press or clamp the piston handle, and 1ml of arterial blood is slowly drawn; Step 8: After the blood sampling is completed, the needle is quickly pulled out and the puncture site is pressed to stop bleeding, and the needle head is sealed and sent for examination.

2. The double fixed type femoral artery blood sampling method according to claim 1, characterized by: The syringe is a 5ml disposable heparinized syringe.

3. The double fixed femoral blood sampling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The right hand's thumb, ring finger and little finger are fixed on the syringe as a three-point vertical fixing structure to prevent the syringe from being horizontally deviated during the needle insertion process.

4. The double fixed femoral blood sampling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the first joints of the right hand's index finger and middle finger press against or clamp the piston handle, the fingertips of the index finger and middle finger do not contact the core rod to prevent contamination or misoperation.

5. The double fixed femoral blood sampling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the needle insertion process, after the needle tip completely enters the skin, the operator adjusts the upward force formed by the finger joints to make the needle tip enter the arterial cavity, so that the arterial blood can be drawn even if there is no backflow of blood.

6. The double fixed femoral blood sampling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the process of fixing the femoral artery pulse point with the left hand, the left hand remains fixed from beginning to end without being loosened during the needle insertion and blood drawing process to maintain the stability of the blood sampling point.

7. The double fixed femoral blood sampling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before the needle insertion and blood appearance, the operator can make the needle head accurately enter the arterial cavity by the force formed by the upward lifting of the right hand's finger joints to ensure that the needle tip can smoothly bleed even if there is no backflow of blood when it enters the arterial cavity with weak pulse.

8. The dual fixed position femoral blood sampling method according to claim 1, wherein: During the operation, the moving path of the syringe is limited to the vertical upward and downward movement to avoid the left and right deviation to cause the missed needle.

9. The dual fixed position femoral blood sampling method according to claim 1, wherein: After the needle head completely enters the skin, the angle range of the upward lifting of the right hand's finger joints is 10°-25° to achieve the best arterial entry angle.

10. The dual fixed position femoral blood sampling method according to claim 1, wherein: The blood sampling method is basically applicable to all patients who need femoral artery blood sampling, including cardiovascular disease patients and lower limb deformity patients, and high success rate blood sampling can be achieved even in the case of weak arterial pulse; The method can significantly reduce the missed needle phenomenon, improve the success rate of femoral artery blood sampling to more than 90%, and shorten the blood sampling operation time; During the whole blood sampling process, the operator's hands cooperate to complete the fixing, needle insertion and blood drawing actions without changing the hand position or repeating the needle insertion; The blood sampling action of the method is coherent and continuous, which significantly reduces the patient's pain and mental stress and reduces the operation burden of medical staff.

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