A high-efficiency dust removal device and method for closed silos

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of filtration and dust removal technology, specifically disclosing a high-efficiency dust removal device and method for a sealed silo. The device includes a dust collection box fixedly installed on the outside of the top of the silo body. An air inlet pipe communicating with the silo body is fixedly installed on the lower side of the dust collection box, and a first pump body is installed outside the air inlet pipe. A horizontally arranged mounting plate is fixedly installed in the middle of the silo body, and a filter cylinder for filtering large particles is installed below it. A filter plate for filtering small particles is installed on the inner side of the middle position of the mounting plate. This high-efficiency dust removal device and method for a sealed silo employs a novel structural design. The air filtered by the filter plate enters the interior of a limiting cover. Sodium dithionite particles inside the limiting cover react with oxygen in the air (a strong reducing agent that reacts rapidly with oxygen), achieving the purpose of removing oxygen and reducing the possibility of subsequent dust explosions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of filtration and dust removal technology, specifically to a high-efficiency dust removal device and method for a closed silo.

[0002] Dust collectors for silos, also known as silo top dust collectors, are industrial dust removal devices that are specially installed on the top of material storage silos (silos, hoppers, and bins). During the process of adding (feeding) materials into the silo, they capture and filter the air and dust brought into the silo by the materials, thereby preventing dust from escaping into the working environment, ensuring production safety, protecting the health of employees, and reducing material loss.

[0003] As disclosed in the prior art, Chinese patent application number CN201811511919.1 discloses a dual-hopper dust collector, including an upper hopper and a lower hopper of a bag filter. The upper hopper is placed above the lower hopper, and their connection is sealed. A valve is provided at the bottom of the upper hopper, which communicates with the lower hopper. Above the valve, from bottom to top, are the ash storage area, air inlet area, dust removal area, pulse zone, and clean air area of ​​the upper hopper. The air inlet area has an air inlet, and the dust removal area has a dust removal box containing dust filter bags. A tube sheet separates the dust removal area from the pulse zone. The pulse zone has a blowpipe connected to a solenoid valve pulse device, and the clean air area has a clean air outlet. A feed inlet is provided on one side of the upper part of the lower hopper, and a valve is provided at the bottom of the lower hopper.

[0004] For example, in the prior art, Chinese patent application number CN201910166442.6 discloses a dust removal device for a feeding hopper, including a feeding hopper. The top of the feeding hopper is provided with a feeding port, and the upper part of the side wall is provided with an air outlet. The air outlet is provided with a dust removal component that communicates with the atmosphere. The dust removal component includes a dust removal chamber. One end of the dust removal chamber is connected to the air outlet, and the other end of the side wall is provided with a fan that communicates with the atmosphere. The lower end of the dust removal chamber near the air outlet is provided with a downwardly inclined return channel that communicates with the feeding hopper. The dust removal chamber is provided with multiple sets of filter cartridges placed horizontally above the return channel. One end of the filter cartridge is located at the air outlet, and the other end is connected to a pulse backflushing component. A vertically placed partition plate is provided between two adjacent sets of filter cartridges.

[0005] For example, in the prior art, Chinese patent application number CN201710092056.8 discloses an independent dust removal system for silos. Multiple silos share a main ventilation duct. Each silo includes a silo feeding port and a dust collector inspection port located at the top of the silo. The silo feeding port is closed by a silo door, and a proximity switch is installed on the silo door. An opening is provided on the side of the silo. The dust collector body passes through the opening and is installed inside the silo through a flange. A filter plate is provided at the end of the dust collector body closer to the inside of the silo, and a connecting hose is provided at the end of the dust collector body farther from the inside of the silo. The connecting hoses of multiple silos are all connected to the main ventilation duct. A ventilation valve is provided on each connecting hose. A pulse valve is also provided on the dust collector body next to the connecting hose.

[0006] Based on the above information, it can be seen that existing dust removal devices for silos are generally installed on the top of the silo and achieve dust removal through negative pressure adsorption filtration. However, in actual use, the dust concentration inside the dust collector will increase after a period of use. If oxygen is available, the dust explosion may occur in the confined space due to electric sparks generated when electrical components are working. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-efficiency dust removal device and method for sealed silos, so as to solve the problem of dust explosion hazard mentioned in the background art.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-efficiency dust removal device for a sealed silo, comprising a dust collection box fixedly installed on the outside of the top of the silo body, an air inlet pipe connected to the silo body fixedly installed on the lower side of the dust collection box, and a first pump body disposed outside the air inlet pipe; a horizontally arranged mounting plate fixedly installed in the middle position inside the silo body, and a filter cylinder for filtering large particles disposed below the mounting plate, and a filter plate for filtering small particles installed on the inner side of the middle position of the mounting plate; firstly, the filter cylinder is used for filtration, and then the filter plate is used for filtration, ultimately achieving... For dust removal, a limit cover is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the silo body using bolts. The limit cover has evenly distributed through holes on its side. Sodium dithionite particles for removing oxygen are stored inside the limit cover. The sodium dithionite particles inside the limit cover react with oxygen in the air to remove oxygen. The limit cover is connected to a supply mechanism fixedly installed on the upper surface of the mounting plate. A collection cover is provided inside the filter cylinder. The lower end of the collection cover is fixedly installed to the dust collection box using bolts. A cleaning mechanism for cleaning the filter plate is provided at the upper end of the collection cover.

[0009] Preferably, the dust collector is connected to the main body of the silo via an air outlet pipe fixedly installed at its upper end, and the supply mechanism includes a storage box fixedly installed on the upper surface of the mounting plate.

[0010] Preferably, the storage tank is connected to the limiting cover via a conveying pipe fixedly installed on its side, and a second pump body is installed outside the conveying pipe. The second pump body is used to convey the sodium dithionite particles in the storage tank to the inside of the limiting cover through the conveying pipe, thereby ensuring the effect of reaction with oxygen.

[0011] Preferably, a stirring rod for agitating sodium dithionite particles is rotatably installed in the middle of the storage tank, and the stirring rod rotates synchronously with the stirring rod via a synchronous belt.

[0012] Preferably, the lower end of the stirring rod is located inside the limiting cover to uniformly stir the sodium dithionite particles, and the stirring rod is driven to rotate by a drive motor fixedly installed on the outside of the upper surface of the dust collector.

[0013] Preferably, the cleaning mechanism includes a squeezing block uniformly fixedly installed on the upper surface of the filter plate, and the upper surface of the squeezing block is configured as an arc-shaped structure, and the squeezing block corresponds to the squeezing ball fixedly installed at the lower end of the stirring rod.

[0014] Preferably, a suction pipe is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the collection cover, and the suction pipe is connected to a third pump body fixedly installed inside the collection cover, and a buffer plate is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the collection cover.

[0015] Preferably, a telescopic cylinder connected to the filter plate is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the collection hood, and the filter plate forms a lifting sliding structure with the mounting plate through the telescopic cylinder. Preferably, the filter cylinder is rotatably installed between the filter cylinder and the mounting ring, and a drive blade corresponding to the air inlet pipe is fixedly installed on the lower outer surface of the filter cylinder. A cleaning brush that fits against the outer surface of the filter cylinder is fixedly installed on the outside of the upper mounting ring. The airflow drives the filter cylinder to rotate through the drive blade, and at this time, the cleaning brush fixedly installed on the outside of the mounting ring brushes and cleans the outer surface of the filter cylinder. Preferably, the dust removal method of the dust removal equipment includes the following steps:

[0016] S1. Filtration and dust removal: First, the first pump body is turned on to transport the air and dust inside the silo body to the dust removal box through the air inlet pipe. The incoming dust first contacts the filter cartridge, and the filter cartridge filters out the large particles. Then it enters the filter cartridge and contacts the filter plate, and the filter plate filters out the small particles.

[0017] S2. Deoxygenation and explosion prevention: After being filtered by the filter plate, the air is delivered to the inside of the limiting cover. At this time, the sodium dithionite particles inside the limiting cover react with the oxygen in the air to remove most of the oxygen. Finally, the deoxygenated air flows back to the main body of the silo through the air outlet pipe to reduce the oxygen concentration in the main body of the silo and avoid dust explosion caused by electric sparks generated by the operation of electronic components.

[0018] S3. Filter assembly cleaning: Air entering the dust collector through the air inlet duct blows the drive blades, thereby rotating the filter cartridge. At this time, a fixed cleaning brush is used to clean the outer surface of the filter cartridge. When no air enters, the drive motor is turned on, and the drive motor drives the agitator to rotate, so that the extrusion ball at the lower end of the agitator intermittently extrudes between the extrusion block on the upper surface of the filter plate, thereby causing the filter plate to vibrate and achieving the purpose of cleaning the lower surface of the filter plate.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the high-efficiency dust removal equipment and method for sealed silos adopts a novel structural design, the specific details of which are as follows:

[0020] 1. The dust in the main body of the silo is drawn into the dust collection box by the first pump. First, it is filtered by the filter cartridge, and then by the filter plate to achieve the purpose of dust removal. During this process, the air filtered by the filter plate enters the limiting hood. The sodium dithionite particles inside the limiting hood react with the oxygen in the air (a strong reducing agent that can react with oxygen quickly) to remove oxygen and reduce the possibility of dust explosion.

[0021] Furthermore, the second pump body is used to transport the sodium dithionite particles from the storage tank to the inside of the limiting hood through the delivery pipe, thereby ensuring the effect of reaction with oxygen. During this process, the drive motor is turned on, and the drive motor drives the stirring rod to rotate, so that the stirring rod stirs the sodium dithionite particles inside the limiting hood to achieve a uniform reaction. In addition, the stirring rod drives the unblocking rod to rotate through the synchronous belt, unblocking the inside of the storage tank and realizing the smooth delivery of sodium dithionite particles.

[0022] 2. After air enters the dust collector through the air inlet pipe, the airflow drives the filter cartridge to rotate through the drive blades. At this time, the cleaning brush fixedly installed outside the mounting ring brushes and cleans the outer surface of the filter cartridge. In addition, the stirring rod drives the extrusion ball to intermittently extrude the block during rotation, thereby causing the filter plate to vibrate and achieve the purpose of cleaning the filter plate.

[0023] Furthermore, the filter plate is moved downward by the telescopic cylinder to discharge the sodium dithionite particles inside the limiting cover. At the same time, the lower surface of the filter plate is close to the dust suction head, and the third pump body creates a negative pressure at the dust suction head, thereby adsorbing the dust on the lower surface of the filter plate and achieving the purpose of further cleaning the filter plate. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the dust collector installation location structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the dust collector box of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the lower surface structure of the mounting plate of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the upper surface structure of the material mounting plate of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the limiting cover of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the storage box and the limiting cover of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the storage box of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the filter cartridge of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0033] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the collection cover of the present invention.

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Main body of the silo; 2. Dust collection box; 3. Air inlet pipe; 4. First pump body; 5. Air outlet pipe; 6. Mounting plate; 7. Filter cartridge; 8. Filter plate; 9. Limiting cover; 10. Through hole; 11. Stirring rod; 12. Drive motor; 13. Storage box; 14. Conveying pipe; 15. Second pump body; 16. Unblocking rod; 17. Synchronous belt; 18. Extrusion ball; 19. Extrusion block; 20. Mounting ring; 21. Drive blade; 22. Cleaning brush; 23. Collection cover; 24. Buffer plate; 25. Telescopic cylinder; 26. Dust suction pipe; 27. Third pump body. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1-2 and Figures 5-7To reduce oxygen content and prevent dust explosions, this embodiment provides the following technical solution: a dust collector 2 is fixedly installed on the outside of the top of the silo body 1; an air inlet pipe 3 connected to the silo body 1 is fixedly installed on the lower side of the dust collector 2; a first pump body 4 is installed outside the air inlet pipe 3; a horizontally arranged mounting plate 6 is fixedly installed in the middle of the silo body 1; a filter cylinder 7 for filtering large particles is installed below the mounting plate 6; and a filter plate 8 for filtering small particles is installed on the inner side of the middle position of the mounting plate 6; a limit cover 9 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the silo body 1 with bolts; the limit cover 9 has evenly distributed through holes 10 on its side; and sodium dithionite for removing oxygen is stored inside the limit cover 9. The particles, the limiting cover 9 are connected to the supply mechanism fixedly installed on the upper surface of the mounting plate 6. The dust collector 2 is connected to the silo body 1 through the air outlet pipe 5 fixedly installed at its upper end. The supply mechanism includes a storage box 13 fixedly installed on the upper surface of the mounting plate 6. The storage box 13 is connected to the limiting cover 9 through the conveying pipe 14 fixedly installed on its side. A second pump body 15 is installed outside the conveying pipe 14. A dredging rod 16 for stirring sodium dithionite particles is rotatably installed in the middle position inside the storage box 13. The dredging rod 16 rotates synchronously with the stirring rod 11 through the synchronous belt 17. The lower end of the stirring rod 11 is located inside the limiting cover 9 to uniformly stir the sodium dithionite particles. The stirring rod 11 is driven to rotate by the drive motor 12 fixedly installed outside the upper surface of the dust collector 2.

[0037] First, the dust collector 2 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the silo body 1. When using the device, the first pump 4 is turned on to transport the air and dust from inside the silo body 1 into the dust collector 2 through the air inlet pipe 3. The incoming dust first contacts the filter cartridge 7, which filters out large particles. Then, it enters the filter cartridge 7 and contacts the filter plate 8, which filters out small particles. The air filtered by the filter plate 8 enters the limiting cover 9. At this time, the sodium dithionite particles inside the limiting cover 9 react with the oxygen in the air, removing most of the oxygen. The deoxygenated air passes through the through hole 10 and finally flows back into the silo body 1 through the air outlet pipe 5. This cycle continues to reduce the temperature of the silo body 1 and the dust collector 2. To maintain the oxygen concentration in the dust collector, thus preventing dust explosions when the dust concentration reaches a certain level, the drive motor 12 above the dust collector 2 is activated during the deoxygenation process. The drive motor 12 drives the stirring rod 11 to rotate, causing the stirring rod 11 to stir the sodium dithionite particles inside the limiting cover 9, allowing them to fully react with the air. After a period of use, the second pump body 15 is activated, and the sodium dithionite particles in the storage tank 13 are transported to the limiting cover 9 through the conveying pipe 14 to replenish the amount of sodium dithionite particles and ensure full reaction with the air. During this process, the stirring rod 11 drives the unblocking rod 16 to rotate through the synchronous belt 17, using the unblocking rod 16 to unblock the sodium dithionite particles accumulated inside the storage tank 13, ensuring smooth conveying.

[0038] Example 2: Please refer to Figures 3-4 and Figures 8-10To achieve the goal of cleaning and extending service life, this embodiment provides the following technical solution: a collection cover 23 is provided inside the filter cylinder 7, and the lower end of the collection cover 23 is fixedly installed to the dust collection box 2 by bolts. A cleaning mechanism for cleaning the filter plate 8 is provided at the upper end of the collection cover 23. The cleaning mechanism includes extrusion blocks 19 uniformly fixedly installed on the upper surface of the filter plate 8, and the upper surface of the extrusion blocks 19 is configured with an arc-shaped structure. The extrusion blocks 19 correspond to the extrusion balls 18 fixedly installed at the lower end of the stirring rod 11. A dust suction device is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the collection cover 23. The suction pipe 26 is connected to the third pump body 27, which is fixedly installed inside the collection cover 23. A buffer plate 24 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the collection cover 23. A telescopic cylinder 25 connected to the filter plate 8 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the collection cover 23. The filter plate 8 forms a lifting sliding structure with the mounting plate 6 through the telescopic cylinder 25. The filter cylinder 7 is rotatably installed between the filter cylinder 7 and the mounting ring 20. A drive blade 21 corresponding to the air inlet pipe 3 is fixedly installed on the lower outer surface of the filter cylinder 7. A cleaning brush 22 that fits against the outer surface of the filter cylinder 7 is fixedly installed on the upper mounting ring 20. During the operation of the device, air entering the dust collector 2 through the air inlet pipe 3 blows the drive blades 21, which in turn drive the filter cylinder 7 to rotate. At this time, the cleaning brush 22, which is fixedly installed outside the mounting ring 20, cleans the outer surface of the filter cylinder 7. The drive motor 12 is turned on periodically (when there is feeding and discharging in the hopper body 1, the dust in the hopper body 1 is relatively small, the first pump body 4 is closed, that is, no air enters the dust collector 2 through the air inlet pipe 3). The drive motor 12 drives the stirring rod 11 to rotate, so that the extrusion ball 18 at the lower end of the stirring rod 11 and the extrusion block on the upper surface of the filter plate 8 are pressed together. Intermittent compression between 19 causes the filter plate 8 to vibrate, shaking off the dust on the lower surface of the filter plate 8, thus cleaning the lower surface of the filter plate 8. Afterwards, the operator remotely opens the telescopic cylinder 25 according to the usage time of the device, using the telescopic cylinder 25 to move the filter plate 8 downward. At this time, the sodium dithionite particles inside the limit cover 9 fall into the filter cylinder 7 (the fall is buffered by the contact of the buffer plate 24). At the same time, the filter plate 8 approaches the dust suction pipe 26, and the third pump body 27 is turned on to create a negative pressure at the position of the dust suction pipe 26, sucking the dust remaining under the filter plate 8 into the collection cover 23 for further cleaning of the filter plate 8.

[0039] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," "tail," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0040] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency dust removal device for a sealed silo, comprising a dust removal box (2) fixedly installed on the outside of the top of the silo body (1), wherein an air inlet pipe (3) communicating with the silo body (1) is fixedly installed on the lower side of the dust removal box (2), and a first pump body (4) is provided outside the air inlet pipe (3), characterized in that, Also includes: The hopper body (1) has a horizontally arranged mounting plate (6) fixedly installed in the middle position inside, and a filter cylinder (7) for filtering large particles is provided below the mounting plate (6), and a filter plate (8) for filtering small particles is installed on the inner side of the middle position of the mounting plate (6). The upper surface of the silo body (1) is fixedly installed with a limit cover (9) by bolts, and the side of the limit cover (9) is provided with evenly distributed through holes (10). The limit cover (9) contains sodium dithionite particles for removing oxygen. The limit cover (9) is connected to a supply mechanism fixedly installed on the upper surface of the mounting plate (6). The supply mechanism includes a storage box (13) fixedly installed on the upper surface of the mounting plate (6). The filter cylinder (7) is provided with a collection cover (23) inside, and the lower end of the collection cover (23) is fixedly installed to the dust collection box (2) by bolts, and the upper end of the collection cover (23) is provided with a cleaning mechanism for cleaning the filter plate (8); The storage box (13) is rotatably installed in the middle position inside, with a dredging rod (16) for stirring sodium dithionite particles. The dredging rod (16) rotates synchronously with the stirring rod (11) via a synchronous belt (17). The lower end of the stirring rod (11) is located inside the limiting cover (9) to uniformly stir the sodium dithionite particles. The stirring rod (11) is driven to rotate by a drive motor (12) fixedly installed on the outside of the upper surface of the dust collector (2). The cleaning mechanism includes a pressing block (19) uniformly fixedly installed on the upper surface of the filter plate (8). The upper surface of the pressing block (19) is set as an arc structure. The pressing block (19) corresponds to the pressing ball (18) fixedly installed at the lower end of the stirring rod (11).

2. The high-efficiency dust removal equipment for a sealed silo according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust collector (2) is connected to the main body of the silo (1) through the air outlet pipe (5) fixedly installed at its upper end.

3. The high-efficiency dust removal equipment for a sealed silo according to claim 2, characterized in that: The storage tank (13) is connected to the limiting cover (9) through a conveying pipe (14) fixedly installed on its side, and a second pump body (15) is installed outside the conveying pipe (14).

4. The high-efficiency dust removal equipment for a sealed silo according to claim 3, characterized in that: A suction pipe (26) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the collection cover (23), and the suction pipe (26) is connected to a third pump body (27) fixedly installed inside the collection cover (23). A buffer plate (24) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the collection cover (23).

5. The high-efficiency dust removal equipment for a closed silo according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper surface of the collection cover (23) is fixedly installed with a telescopic cylinder (25) connected to the filter plate (8), and the filter plate (8) and the mounting plate (6) form a lifting sliding structure through the telescopic cylinder (25).

6. The high-efficiency dust removal equipment for a closed silo according to claim 5, characterized in that: The filter cylinder (7) is rotatably mounted between the filter cylinder (7) and the mounting ring (20), and a drive blade (21) corresponding to the air inlet pipe (3) is fixedly mounted on the lower outer surface of the filter cylinder (7), and a cleaning brush (22) that fits against the outer surface of the filter cylinder (7) is fixedly mounted on the upper mounting ring (20).

7. The high-efficiency dust removal equipment for a sealed silo according to claim 6, characterized in that, The dust removal method of the dust removal equipment was also disclosed, including the following steps: S1. Filtration and dust removal: First, turn on the first pump body (4) to transport the air inside the main body of the silo (1) along with the dust through the air inlet pipe (3) to the dust removal box (2). The dust entering first contacts the filter cylinder (7) and uses the filter cylinder (7) to filter out the large particles. Then, it enters the filter cylinder (7) and contacts the filter plate (8) and uses the filter plate (8) to filter out the small particles. S2, Deoxygenation and Explosion Prevention: After the air is filtered by the filter plate (8), it is delivered to the inside of the limiting cover (9). At this time, the sodium dithionite particles inside the limiting cover (9) react with the oxygen in the air to remove most of the oxygen in the air. Finally, the deoxygenated air flows back to the main body of the silo (1) through the air outlet pipe (5) to reduce the oxygen concentration in the main body of the silo (1) and avoid dust explosion caused by electric sparks generated by the operation of electronic components. S3. Cleaning the filter assembly: The air entering the dust collector (2) through the air inlet pipe (3) blows the drive blades (21), thereby driving the filter cylinder (7) to rotate. At this time, the outer surface of the filter cylinder (7) is cleaned by the fixed cleaning brush (22). When no air enters, the drive motor (12) is turned on. The drive motor (12) drives the stirring rod (11) to rotate, thereby causing the extrusion ball (18) at the lower end of the stirring rod (11) to intermittently extrude between the extrusion block (19) on the upper surface of the filter plate (8), thereby causing the filter plate (8) to vibrate, achieving the purpose of cleaning the lower surface of the filter plate (8).

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