One-way action speed limiter, elevator system and one-way speed limiting control method of elevator system

Abstract

The invention provides a one-way action speed limiter, an elevator system and a one-way speed limiting control method of the elevator system, and relates to the technical field of elevators. The one-way action speed limiter comprises a rope wheel, a main shaft, a selection transmission device, a centrifugal device, a lock hook device and a brake trigger device. The rope wheel and the centrifugal device are installed on the main shaft, and the rope wheel is used for winding a steel wire rope connected with an elevator car. One-way selection transmission from the rope wheel to the centrifugal device through the main shaft is achieved through the selection transmission device, one end of the lock hook device is connected to the brake trigger device, the other end of the lock hook device is matched with the centrifugal device, and the brake trigger device is released when the centrifugal device is enough to drive the lock hook device to unlock at the one-way operation speed. Therefore, the one-way speed limiting function can be achieved, and the method is particularly suitable for ascending and descending differentiated speed limiting of an elevator system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of elevator technology, and in particular to a one-way speed limiter, an elevator system, and a one-way speed limiting control method thereof. Background Technology

[0002] As an indispensable vertical transportation tool in modern buildings, the safety of elevators has always been a primary consideration in their design and use. Safety brakes, as a crucial safety protection device for elevators, provide emergency stopping in the event of elevator stall, ensuring passenger safety. Traditional elevator safety systems mainly consist of a speed governor and safety brakes. The speed governor monitors the elevator's operating speed in real time. When the speed exceeds a preset value, a mechanical linkage triggers the safety brakes, causing the brake plates to clamp onto the guide rails, thereby achieving emergency braking of the car.

[0003] Currently, widely used speed governors typically employ centrifugal or pendulum structures, detecting elevator speed through changes in the displacement of mechanical components. These governors are designed and manufactured with a standardized trigger speed threshold set according to the elevator's rated speed, applying the same speed detection standard regardless of whether the elevator is moving upwards or downwards. With advancements in elevator technology, modern elevators are operating at increasingly higher speeds, particularly high-speed and ultra-high-speed elevators. Considering human physiological characteristics, the acceleration generated during high-speed descent can easily cause discomfort to passengers; therefore, modern elevator control systems often employ an operating strategy where the upward speed is greater than the downward speed.

[0004] However, existing speed governors have significant limitations: their speed detection mechanisms cannot distinguish the elevator's direction of travel and can only set a uniform trigger speed value. This design cannot meet the detection requirements of modern elevators with different speed thresholds for both upward and downward travel. This can lead to premature triggering of the safety brake when the elevator is descending, affecting normal operation; or failure to detect overspeed in time when the elevator is ascending, posing a safety hazard. This technical deficiency makes speed governors unsuitable for the development needs of modern high-speed elevators, especially in application scenarios where there is a significant difference between upward and downward speeds. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a one-way speed limiter, an elevator system, and a one-way speed limit control method thereof, so as to alleviate the technical problem that speed limiters in the prior art cannot distinguish the direction of travel to achieve the speed limit function.

[0006] In a first aspect, the one-way action speed limiter provided by the present invention includes: a rope pulley, a main shaft, a selection transmission device, a centrifugal device, a locking hook device, and a braking trigger device; The rope pulley and the centrifugal device are respectively mounted on the main shaft, and the rope pulley is used to wind the steel wire rope connecting the elevator car; The selective transmission device is installed between the pulley and the main shaft, and / or the selective transmission device is installed between the main shaft and the centrifugal device; One end of the locking hook device is connected to the braking trigger device, and the other end of the locking hook device is adapted to the centrifugal device.

[0007] In conjunction with the first aspect, the present invention provides a first possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein the selective transmission device includes a one-way bearing, the one-way bearing being mounted between the pulley and the main shaft; When the elevator car is moving upward, the sheave is driven by the wire rope and rotates around the main shaft; As the elevator car descends, the sheave is driven by the wire rope, which in turn drives the main shaft to rotate.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, the present invention provides a second possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein the selective transmission device includes a cam clutch, the cam clutch being mounted between the main shaft and the centrifugal device; When the elevator car is moving upward, the sheave drives the main shaft to rotate, and the main shaft rotates relative to the centrifugal device. As the elevator car descends, the sheave pulley drives the centrifugal device to rotate via the main shaft.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, the present invention provides a third possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein the centrifugal device includes: a base frame and a plurality of centrifugal moving parts movably connected to the base frame; Several centrifugal moving parts are spaced apart around the base frame. When the base frame rotates around the main shaft axis at a preset speed, the several centrifugal moving parts swing or slide relative to the base frame in a direction away from the main shaft.

[0010] In conjunction with the third possible implementation of the first aspect, the present invention provides a fourth possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein an elastic member is installed between the base frame and the centrifugal movable member, the elastic member having an elastic tendency to swing or slide the centrifugal movable member toward the main shaft; The centrifugal moving part is adapted to the locking hook device.

[0011] Secondly, the elevator system provided by the present invention is equipped with the one-way speed limiter described in the first aspect.

[0012] In conjunction with the second aspect, the present invention provides a first possible implementation of the second aspect, wherein the elevator system further includes a car height position detection device and a controller, the car height position detection device is connected to the controller, the controller is connected to the elevator host, and the car height position detection device is used to detect the height position of the elevator car.

[0013] In conjunction with the first possible implementation of the second aspect, the present invention provides a second possible implementation of the second aspect, wherein the car height position detection device includes: a magnetic scale and a sensor slidably coupled to the magnetic scale; The magnetic scale extends from bottom to top along the elevator shaft, and the sensor is connected to the elevator car.

[0014] Thirdly, the elevator system unidirectional speed limiting control method provided by the present invention is applied to the elevator system described in the second aspect, and includes the following steps: The operating status of the elevator car is obtained, including the car's direction of travel and its lifting speed; When the elevator car is ascending and the ascending speed is greater than the safe ascending speed, the control brake is used to brake the elevator car.

[0015] In conjunction with the third aspect, the elevator system unidirectional speed limiting control method further includes: When the elevator car is descending and the descent speed is greater than the safe descent speed, the working status of the elevator host is obtained. If the elevator car is not braked, the brake is controlled to brake the elevator car.

[0016] The embodiments of the present invention bring the following beneficial effects: A rope pulley and a centrifugal device are respectively installed on the main shaft, with the rope pulley used to wind the steel wire rope connecting the elevator car. The selective transmission device is installed between the rope pulley and the main shaft, and / or between the main shaft and the centrifugal device. This enables unidirectional selective transmission from the rope pulley through the main shaft to the centrifugal device. One end of the locking hook device is connected to the braking trigger device, and the other end of the locking hook device is adapted to the centrifugal device. When the unidirectional running speed reaches a point where the centrifugal device can sufficiently drive the locking hook device to unlock, the braking trigger device is released, thereby achieving a unidirectional speed limiting function. This is particularly suitable for differentiating and limiting the speed of elevator systems for upward and downward travel.

[0017] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments or related technologies of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a one-way speed limiter provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a selective transmission device installation method for a one-way speed limiter provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of another alternative transmission device installation form for a one-way speed limiter provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an elevator system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Icons: 001-Rope pulley; 002-Main shaft; 003-Selection transmission device; 301-One-way bearing; 302-Cam clutch; 004-Centrifugal device; 401-Base frame; 402-Centrifugal moving part; 005-Locking hook device; 006-Brake trigger device; 007-Elastic element; 008-Car height and position detection device; 801-Magnetic scale; 802-Sensor; 009-Controller. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used only to describe differences in name and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Physical quantities in formulas, unless otherwise specified, should be understood as basic quantities in the International System of Units (SI), or derived quantities derived from basic quantities through mathematical operations such as multiplication, division, differentiation, or integration.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the one-way speed limiter provided in this embodiment of the invention includes: a pulley 001, a main shaft 002, a selection transmission device 003, a centrifugal device 004, a locking hook device 005, and a braking trigger device 006; the pulley 001 and the centrifugal device 004 are respectively mounted on the main shaft 002, and the pulley 001 is used to wind the steel wire rope connecting the elevator car; the selection transmission device 003 is installed between the pulley 001 and the main shaft 002, and / or, the selection transmission device 003 is installed between the main shaft 002 and the centrifugal device 004; one end of the locking hook device 005 is connected to the braking trigger device 006, and the other end of the locking hook device 005 is adapted to the centrifugal device 004.

[0025] Specifically, the pulley 001 is rotatably mounted on the main shaft 002 and is used to wind the steel wire rope connecting the elevator car. When the elevator is running, the steel wire rope drives the pulley 001 to rotate, thereby transmitting the motion to the main shaft 002. The main shaft 002, as the core transmission shaft, runs through the entire speed limiter structure, and its two ends are supported by bearings in fixed brackets to ensure smooth and reliable rotation.

[0026] Crucially, the selective transmission device 003 is disposed between the pulley 001 and the main shaft 002, and / or between the main shaft 002 and the centrifugal device 004, to achieve unidirectional selective power transmission from the pulley to the centrifugal device. In a preferred embodiment, the selective transmission device 003 employs a one-way bearing or overrunning clutch structure, allowing torque to be transmitted only in one rotational direction (e.g., clockwise), while sliding freely in the reverse direction (counterclockwise).

[0027] For example, if the elevator's downward direction is set as the forward running direction, the selector transmission device 003 is configured to effectively transmit power to the main shaft 002 only when the sheave 001 rotates clockwise as the car descends; when the elevator ascends, causing the sheave to rotate counterclockwise, the selector transmission device 003 is in a slipping state and does not output torque to the main shaft.

[0028] In an optional embodiment, the centrifugal device 004 is fixedly mounted on the main shaft 002 and rotates synchronously with the main shaft. The centrifugal device 004 includes at least a pair of radially retractable centrifugal blocks (or swing blocks), each with a counterweight at its outer edge. At low speeds, it is constrained by an elastic element (such as a spring) to remain in a retracted state. When the main shaft speed increases to a preset threshold, the centrifugal force overcomes the elastic restoring force, causing the centrifugal blocks to unfold outwards. The locking hook device 005 has one end connected to the brake trigger device 006 and the other end equipped with a latching structure, which adapts to and hooks onto the release boss or stop arm on the centrifugal device 004, thereby maintaining the speed limiter in a non-triggered state at normal speeds. Only when the centrifugal device 004 unfolds its moving parts due to overspeed will it push or impact the adapting end of the locking hook device 005, causing it to rotate or shift, thereby releasing the lock on the brake trigger device 006. The brake trigger device 006 is a mechanical trigger mechanism, such as a lever linkage device or a rope release mechanism. Its initial state is locked by the locking hook device 005 and cannot be activated. Once the locking hook device 005 is unlocked due to the action of the centrifugal device 004, the brake trigger device 006 is immediately released, activating the elevator system's safety brake or other emergency braking device through the wire rope or linkage mechanism.

[0029] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 In an optional embodiment, the transmission device 003 includes a one-way bearing 301, which is installed between the pulley 001 and the main shaft 002. When the elevator car is moving upward, the pulley 001 is driven by the wire rope and rotates around the main shaft 002. When the elevator car is moving downward, the pulley 001 is driven by the wire rope and drives the main shaft 002 to rotate. The inner ring of the one-way bearing 301 is interference-fitted with the main shaft 002, and the outer ring is fixedly connected to the hub of the pulley 001. The one-way bearing 301 is configured to allow power to be transmitted unidirectionally from the pulley 001 to the main shaft 002 only; that is, when the pulley 001 rotates relative to the main shaft 002 in a preset direction, the one-way bearing 301 locks and achieves synchronous transmission; while when rotating in the opposite direction, it slips and does not transmit torque. When the elevator car descends, the wire rope pulls the pulley 001 to rotate clockwise (with a certain reference direction as a reference). At this time, the one-way bearing 301 is in a locked state, and the pulley 001 drives the main shaft 002 to rotate synchronously. When the elevator car ascends, the wire rope drives the pulley 001 to rotate counterclockwise, and the one-way bearing 301 enters a free wheel state. The pulley 001 spins freely without driving the main shaft 002 to rotate.

[0030] It is worth noting that during the elevator car's upward movement, although the sheave 001 rotates with the wire rope, the main shaft 002 is not driven to rotate due to the presence of the one-way bearing 301. Therefore, the centrifugal device 004 remains stationary, the locking hook device 005 remains locked, and the braking trigger device 006 is not activated. This achieves a one-way speed limiting function with overspeed response capability only in the downward direction.

[0031] In an optional embodiment, the selectivity of the transmission path can be changed by adjusting the mounting position of the one-way bearing 301. The selective transmission device 003 can also be located between the main shaft 002 and the centrifugal device 004, that is, a one-way coupling structure is used so that the centrifugal device 004 only receives driving force when the main shaft rotates forward. Such variations still fall within the scope of the technical concept of this invention.

[0032] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 In an optional embodiment, the transmission device 003 includes a cam clutch 302, which is installed between the main shaft 002 and the centrifugal device 004. When the elevator car is moving upward, the sheave 001 drives the main shaft 002 to rotate, and the main shaft 002 rotates relative to the centrifugal device 004. When the elevator car is moving downward, the sheave 001 drives the centrifugal device 004 to rotate via the main shaft 002. The cam clutch 302, located between the main shaft 002 and the centrifugal device 004, controls whether the main shaft drives the centrifugal device 004 to rotate. The cam clutch 302 includes an active end fixedly connected to the main shaft 002 and a driven end linked to the centrifugal device 004. It has an internal inclined roller structure or wedge mechanism, providing a direction-sensitive engagement / disengagement mechanism. During the downward movement of the elevator car, the main shaft 002 rotates together with the sheave 001, and the cam clutch 302 automatically engages due to the matching rotation direction. The main shaft 002 transmits power to the centrifugal device 004, causing it to rotate at high speed. At this time, the mass block in the centrifugal device 004 is thrown outward under the action of centrifugal force, generating a radial force that increases with the rotational speed. During the upward movement of the elevator car, although the sheave 001 rotates, the main shaft 002 does not rotate due to the aforementioned one-way bearing 301. Even if there is slight vibration or reverse inertia causing the main shaft to move slightly, the design of the cam clutch 302 ensures that it cannot form effective engagement in this direction. Therefore, the centrifugal device 004 always remains stationary or at a low speed and does not produce a significant centrifugal effect.

[0033] In an optional embodiment, the centrifugal device 004 is typically composed of one or more pairs of symmetrically arranged centrifugal pendulums, mounted on a bracket or sleeve on the main shaft 002. It can rotate with the main shaft under specific conditions, and when it reaches a preset speed (corresponding to the downward overspeed threshold), it pushes the linkage rod outward through centrifugal force.

[0034] Furthermore, the centrifugal device 004 includes: a base frame 401 and a plurality of centrifugal movable parts 402 movably connected to the base frame 401; the plurality of centrifugal movable parts 402 are spaced apart around the base frame 401, and when the rotational speed of the base frame 401 around the axis of the main shaft 002 reaches a preset speed, the plurality of centrifugal movable parts 402 swing or slide relative to the base frame 401 in a direction away from the main shaft 002.

[0035] The base frame 401 has a disc-shaped or star-shaped structure and is fixedly sleeved on the main shaft 002, rotating together with the main shaft. Multiple centrifugal moving parts 402 (e.g., two, three, or four) are evenly distributed on the base frame 401 around the axis of the main shaft 002. Each centrifugal moving part 402 is movably connected to the base frame 401 via a hinge shaft or sliding groove structure, allowing it to swing or slide radially. Under normal operating conditions, the main shaft 002 rotates at a low speed, and the centrifugal moving parts 402 are held in a retracted position close to the main shaft 002 by an elastic reset element (such as a spring). When the main shaft 002 rotates to a preset critical speed (corresponding to the car overspeeding downwards), the centrifugal force on the centrifugal moving parts 402 overcomes the reset force, causing them to unfold or slide outwards (away from the direction of the main shaft 002), forming a radial displacement. This radial displacement constitutes the driving force for the locking hook device 005, which is the key physical signal for triggering braking.

[0036] Furthermore, an elastic element 007 (such as a torsion spring or tension spring) is installed between the base frame 401 and the centrifugal moving part 402. The elastic element 007 has an elastic tendency to cause the centrifugal moving part 402 to swing or slide towards the main shaft 002, so that the centrifugal moving part 402 is maintained in a retracted position close to the main shaft 002 at low speed. Only when the rotational speed of the base frame 401 driven by the main shaft 002 reaches a preset critical value (corresponding to the downward overspeed threshold specified in the elevator safety regulations, such as 1.15 times the rated speed), the centrifugal force on the centrifugal moving part 402 overcomes the elastic force of the elastic element 007 and begins to swing or slide away from the main shaft 002, forming an "expanded" state. One end of the locking hook device 005 is mechanically linked to the braking trigger device 006 (for example, connected by a connecting rod, pull rope, or buckle structure), and the other end is adapted to cooperate with the centrifugal moving part 402. Under normal low-speed operation, the centrifugal moving part 402 is in the retracted position, the locking hook device 005 is limited and locked, and the braking trigger device 006 is in the energy storage or pre-tightening state and does not release.

[0037] The elevator system provided in this embodiment of the invention is equipped with the one-way speed limiter described in the above embodiments. The elevator system has the technical effects of the one-way speed limiter and is particularly suitable for realizing the speed limit function for the car going up and down.

[0038] like Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment of the invention, the elevator system further includes a car height position detection device 008 and a controller 009. The car height position detection device 008 is connected to the controller 009, and the controller 009 is connected to the elevator host. The car height position detection device 008 is used to detect the height position of the elevator car. The system further includes the car height position detection device 008 and the controller 009. The car height position detection device 008 can employ a high-precision ranging device such as an encoder, laser rangefinder, magnetic scale, or multi-channel photoelectric sensor to collect the vertical position information of the elevator car in the hoistway in real time and transmit this data to the controller 009. The controller 009 is a microprocessor or PLC control system, integrating an operating logic control module, a speed calculation module, and a fault diagnosis module. Based on the received height position signal and a time variable, the controller 009 calculates the actual operating speed of the car and determines its operating direction (up / down) and the section it is in (such as the top deceleration zone, the bottom leveling zone, etc.).

[0039] In some preferred embodiments, the controller 009 can also form a cooperative control relationship with the one-way speed limiter. For example, the controller 009 can dynamically adjust the downspeed overspeed response sensitivity of the speed limiter based on the floor area where the car is located; or, when an abnormal free fall trend is detected but the mechanical speed limiter has not yet been fully triggered, it can issue an early warning signal and cut off the main power supply; furthermore, the controller 009 can be networked with a remote monitoring platform through a communication interface to realize fault tracing and operation and maintenance management.

[0040] Furthermore, the car height position detection device 008 includes a magnetic scale 801 and a sensor 802 slidably fitted onto the magnetic scale 801; the magnetic scale 801 extends from bottom to top along the elevator shaft, and the sensor 802 is connected to the elevator car. The sensor 802 can accurately read the current position of the car based on the magnetic encoding principle, with an accuracy down to the millimeter level. The controller 009 receives the position signal from the sensor 802 and makes a comprehensive judgment by combining it with pre-stored floor leveling data, operating curves, and safety logic. More importantly, the controller 009 also establishes a communication connection with the elevator host (such as a frequency converter or traction machine control system), and can dynamically adjust the host output according to the operating mode to achieve functions such as smooth start-stop and precise docking. More importantly, it can collect displacement data at a certain time frequency to calculate the elevator car's upward and downward speeds. When the elevator's upward speed exceeds the preset speed limit, the controller 009 intervenes to control and reduce the elevator's running speed or brake it, and issues a warning. This enables the downward movement to generate a corresponding speed limit trigger action using the centrifugal device 004. When moving upward, the controller calculates the corresponding upward speed based on the signal from the car height position detection device 008, and uses this as the speed limit control input condition, thereby realizing the function of distinguishing between upward and downward speed limits.

[0041] The elevator system one-way speed limiting control method provided in this embodiment of the invention is applied to the elevator system described in the above embodiments, and includes the following steps: obtaining the operating status of the elevator car, which includes the car's operating direction and lifting speed; when the car is moving upward and the lifting speed is greater than the safe lifting speed, controlling the brake to brake the elevator car.

[0042] The controller 009 periodically collects position sampling values ​​from the sensor 802, calculates the displacement per unit time using a differential algorithm, and obtains the current lifting speed. Simultaneously, it determines the running direction (upward / downward) based on the continuous position change trend. If the car is detected to be in an upward state and the current upward speed exceeds a preset safe upward speed threshold, it enters the upward overspeed protection mode: the controller 009 issues a braking command, directly controlling the elevator host's brake system to perform emergency braking to prevent the car from overshooting the ceiling.

[0043] Furthermore, the elevator system's one-way speed limit control method also includes: obtaining the elevator host's operating status when the car is descending and the descent speed is greater than the safe descent speed; if the elevator car is not braked, controlling the brake to brake the elevator car. After determining that the descent speed is too high, the controller 009 further queries the elevator host's operating status (such as whether there is a deceleration command, whether the power is off, whether the brake is closed, etc.): if the host is decelerating normally or the brake has been effectively applied, the system is considered to be in a controllable state, and additional protection is not activated temporarily; if the host does not respond to the deceleration command, the brake does not act, or it is still in the running output state, it is considered to be out of control, and a dual protection mechanism must be activated immediately: activating the mechanical one-way speed limiter: as the car descends, the main shaft 002 is driven to rotate; when the speed corresponding to the rotation speed exceeds the preset speed threshold, the centrifugal moving part 402 in the centrifugal device 004 impacts or pushes the locking hook device 005 during the outward stroke, unlocking it, thereby releasing the brake trigger device 006, and finally triggering the safety clamp or speed limiter wire rope linkage mechanism to forcibly stop the car. This control logic implements a multi-layered security architecture that includes "electronic monitoring for uplink speed limiting, mechanical guarantee for downlink speed limiting, and electronic monitoring as a fallback for downlink speed limiting."

[0044] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A one-way speed limiter, characterized in that, include: The components include a pulley (001), a main shaft (002), a selector transmission device (003), a centrifugal device (004), a locking hook device (005), and a brake trigger device (006). The sheave (001) and the centrifugal device (004) are respectively mounted on the main shaft (002), and the sheave (001) is used to wind the steel wire rope connecting the elevator car; The selective transmission device (003) is installed between the pulley (001) and the main shaft (002), and / or, the selective transmission device (003) is installed between the main shaft (002) and the centrifugal device (004); One end of the locking hook device (005) is connected to the braking trigger device (006), and the other end of the locking hook device (005) is adapted to the centrifugal device (004).

2. The one-way speed limiter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The selected transmission device (003) includes a one-way bearing (301), which is installed between the pulley (001) and the main shaft (002); When the elevator car is moving upward, the pulley (001) is driven by the wire rope and rotates around the main shaft (002); When the elevator car descends, the sheave (001) is driven by the wire rope, which in turn drives the main shaft (002) to rotate.

3. The one-way speed limiter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The selective transmission device (003) includes a cam clutch (302), which is installed between the main shaft (002) and the centrifugal device (004); When the elevator car is moving upward, the pulley (001) drives the main shaft (002) to rotate, and the main shaft (002) rotates relative to the centrifugal device (004); When the elevator car descends, the pulley (001) drives the centrifugal device (004) to rotate via the main shaft (002).

4. The one-way speed limiter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The centrifugal device (004) includes: a base frame (401) and a plurality of centrifugal moving parts (402) movably connected to the base frame (401). A plurality of centrifugal movable components (402) are spaced apart around the base frame (401). When the rotational speed of the base frame (401) around the axis of the main shaft (002) reaches a preset speed, the plurality of centrifugal movable components (402) swing or slide relative to the base frame (401) in a direction away from the main shaft (002).

5. The one-way speed limiter according to claim 4, characterized in that, An elastic element (007) is installed between the base frame (401) and the centrifugal moving part (402), the elastic element (007) having an elastic tendency to cause the centrifugal moving part (402) to swing or slide in a direction close to the main shaft (002); The centrifugal moving part (402) is adapted to the locking hook device (005).

6. An elevator system, characterized in that, The elevator system is equipped with a one-way speed limiter as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The elevator system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The elevator system also includes a car height position detection device (008) and a controller (009). The car height position detection device (008) is connected to the controller (009), and the controller (009) is connected to the elevator host. The car height position detection device (008) is used to detect the height position of the elevator car.

8. The elevator system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The car height position detection device (008) includes: a magnetic scale (801) and a sensor (802) slidably fitted on the magnetic scale (801). The magnetic scale (801) extends from bottom to top along the elevator shaft, and the sensor (802) is connected to the elevator car.

9. A one-way speed limiting control method for an elevator system, characterized in that, The method is applied to the elevator system according to any one of claims 6 to 8, and includes the following steps: The operating status of the elevator car is obtained, including the car's direction of travel and its lifting speed; When the elevator car is ascending and the ascending speed is greater than the safe ascending speed, the control brake is used to brake the elevator car.

10. The elevator system unidirectional speed limiting control method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The elevator system one-way speed limiting control method also includes: When the elevator car is descending and the descent speed is greater than the safe descent speed, the working status of the elevator host is obtained. If the elevator car is not braked, the brake is controlled to brake the elevator car.

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