SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) molecular marker related to immune traits of elephant male semi-fine wool sheep and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of molecular markers, in particular to an SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) molecular marker related to immune traits of male semi-fine wool sheep and application of the SNP molecular marker. The invention provides an SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) molecular marker related to immune traits of elephant male semi-fine wool sheep. The SNP molecular marker is positioned at the 24648039th basic group on the fifth chromosome of a Lanblet sheep reference genome ARS-UIRambv3.0, GCF016772045.2, and the SNP molecular marker is positioned at the 24648039th basic group on the fifth chromosome of the Lanblet sheep reference genome ARS-UIRambv3.0; the mutant basic group is G or T. By detecting the basic group of the 24648039th nucleotide site on the fifth chromosome of the elephant male semi-fine wool sheep, the content of immune globulins IgA, IgG and IgM of an elephant male semi-fine wool sheep individual can be judged, and a new SNP molecular marker resource is provided for non-diagnostic elephant male semi-fine wool sheep immune character marker-assisted selection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of molecular marker technology, and in particular to SNP molecular markers related to immune traits in male semi-fine wool sheep and their applications. Background Technology

[0002] As a local sheep breed adapted to the unique environment of the Tibetan Plateau, the healthy development of its livestock industry is crucial to the national supply of wool and meat and to increasing the income of herders. However, the complex disease environment in the plateau region poses a continuous threat to the health of its population. Traditional breeding methods are inefficient in selecting for immune and disease-resistant traits because these traits are often limited in expression (e.g., only manifested after infection), difficult to measure, and have low heritability. Therefore, traditional methods relying on phenotypic selection are insufficient to achieve rapid genetic improvement of the breed's disease resistance, necessitating the introduction of more efficient modern molecular breeding techniques.

[0003] Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), as third-generation molecular markers, have become a cornerstone for elucidating the genetic mechanisms of complex traits due to their high density and stability across the entire genome. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) can efficiently screen for SNPs significantly associated with target traits (such as immune markers and antibody levels). The development and application of these key SNPs mark a leap in animal breeding from traditional progeny determination to precise marker-assisted selection (MAS) and genomic selection (GS), providing a core tool for the early and accurate assessment of the genetic value of breeding livestock.

[0004] Currently, significant progress has been made in SNP research on economic traits in mainstream sheep breeds. However, focusing on the unique genetic resource of the Xiangxiong semi-fine wool sheep, the genetic background of its immune traits remains a gap. Systematically discovering immune-related SNP molecular markers specific to this breed is not only a deepening of the genetic analysis of its superior germplasm resources but also a crucial step in transforming basic research results into practical breeding capabilities. Applying these validated SNP markers to breeding practices can establish an efficient disease-resistant breeding system, fundamentally improve the health level of the herd, and promote the sustainable development of the Xiangxiong semi-fine wool sheep industry towards cost-effectiveness, efficiency, and safety. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide SNP molecular markers related to immune traits in male semi-fine wool sheep and their applications.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention provides a SNP molecular marker associated with immune traits in male elephant semi-fine wool sheep. The SNP molecular marker is located at the 24648039th base on chromosome 5 of the Lambble sheep reference genome ARS-UI_Ramb_v3.0, GCF_016772045.2; the mutated base is G or T.

[0007] Preferably, when the base of the SNP molecular marker site is G, the genotype is GG or GT; when the base of the SNP molecular marker site is T, the genotype is TT; the immune trait is the content of immunoglobulins IgA, IgG, and IgM; the content of immunoglobulins IgA, IgG, and IgM in male elephant semi-fine wool sheep individuals with the GG genotype is significantly lower than that in individuals with the TT and GT genotypes, while the content of immunoglobulins IgA, IgG, and IgM in individuals with the TT and GT genotypes does not show a significant difference.

[0008] This invention provides the application of the aforementioned SNP molecular marker in the preparation of products for detecting the immunity of male elephant semi-fine wool sheep or products for assisted breeding of male elephant semi-fine wool sheep.

[0009] This invention provides primer pairs for amplifying the aforementioned SNP molecular markers, the nucleotide sequences of which are shown in SEQ ID NO:2~3.

[0010] This invention provides the application of the primer pair described above in the preparation of products for detecting the immunity of male elephant semi-fine wool sheep or products for assisted breeding of male elephant semi-fine wool sheep.

[0011] This invention provides a kit for detecting the immunity of male elephant semi-fine wool sheep, comprising a reagent for detecting the SNP molecular marker or the primer pair.

[0012] This invention provides a kit for assisted breeding of male elephant semi-fine wool sheep, comprising reagents for detecting the SNP molecular markers or the primer pairs.

[0013] This invention provides a method for non-diagnostic selection of heliotropic semi-fine wool sheep using immune trait markers, comprising the following steps: (1) Extract genomic DNA from elephant male semi-fine wool sheep; (2) Using the genomic DNA of the elephant male semi-fine wool sheep obtained in step (1) as a template, amplification is performed using the primer pair to obtain the amplification product; (3) Perform genotyping on the amplification products to obtain different genotypes of elephant male semi-fine wool sheep; associate the genotypes of elephant male semi-fine wool sheep with immune indicators; the immune indicators are the content of IgA, IgG or IgM.

[0014] Preferably, the amplification system in step (2) consists of 25 μL, including: 22 μL of PCR enzyme, 1 μL each of upstream and downstream primers, and 1 μL of template DNA.

[0015] Preferably, the amplification program in step (2) is: 98℃ for 2 min; 98℃ for 10 s, 60℃ for 10 s, 72℃ for 10 s, for a total of 40 cycles; and 72℃ extension for 2 min.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The SNP molecular marker described in this invention is located at the 24,648,039th base on chromosome 5 of the Rambouillet reference genome (ARS-UI_Ramb_v3.0, GCF_016772045.2); the variant type is G / T, named g24648039G>T, and there are three genotypes. When the 24,648,039th base on chromosome 5 is G, the genotype is GG or GT; when the 24,648,039th base on chromosome 5 is T, the genotype is TT. Through association analysis between different genotypes and the content of immunoglobulins IgA, IgG, and IgM, it was found that the immunoglobulin IgA, IgG, and IgM levels of male semi-fine wool sheep individuals with the GG genotype were significantly lower than those with the TT and GT genotypes (p<0.05), while no significant difference was found between individuals with the TT and GT genotypes (p>0.05).

[0017] This invention can determine the levels of immunoglobulins IgA, IgG, and IgM in individual elephant male semi-fine wool sheep by detecting the base at nucleotide site 24,648,039 on chromosome 5. This invention provides a new SNP molecular marker resource for the selection of immune trait markers in elephant male semi-fine wool sheep for non-diagnostic purposes. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is an agarose gel electrophoresis image of the PCR amplification products.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a sequencing peak diagram. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example 1

[0023] 1 Sample Collection

[0024] At the Xiangxiong semi-fine wool sheep breeding farm in Ngari Prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region, 126 adult Xiangxiong semi-fine wool sheep under natural grazing conditions were randomly selected. Five mL of fasting blood samples were collected in coagulation-promoting vacuum blood collection tubes, allowed to stand for 30 min, and then centrifuged at 3500 r / min for 15 min. The supernatant was collected into clean PE tubes, sealed, and stored at -20℃ for immunoassay. Another 5 mL blood sample was collected in blood collection tubes containing EDTA-K2 anticoagulant. After collection, the samples were quickly mixed, placed in a sampling box with ice packs for temporary storage, and then transported back to the laboratory for freezing at -20℃ for DNA extraction.

[0025] 2. Main Reagents and Instruments

[0026] EDTA-K2 vacuum blood collection tubes were purchased from Jiangsu Yuli Medical Instrument Co., Ltd.; blood genomics extraction kits, DL1000 markers, agarose, nucleic acid dyes, and PCR enzymes were purchased from Beijing TransGen Biotech Co., Ltd.; a NanoDrop 2000 spectrophotometer was purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA; an electrophoresis apparatus was purchased from Beijing Liuyi Instrument Factory; and a PCR instrument was purchased from BioRad. IgA, IgG, and IgM detection kits were purchased from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute.

[0027] 3 Methods

[0028] 3.1 Detection of immunoglobulins IgA, IgG, and IgM

[0029] Serum IgA, IgG, and IgM were measured using a detection kit from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute. First, a standard curve was established using standards. Then, distilled water, standard solution, and 7 μL of the sample were added to blank tubes, standard tubes, and test tubes, respectively. R1 solution was added to bring the total volume to 900 μL, and the tubes were incubated at 37°C for 5 min. The reading at 340 nm was recorded as A1. Next, 180 μL of R1 solution was added to each tube, and the tubes were incubated at 37°C for 5 min. The reading at 340 nm was recorded as A2. Finally, ΔA = A2 - A1 was calculated, and ΔA was substituted into the standard curve equation to calculate the concentrations of IgA, IgG, and IgM in the sample.

[0030] 3.2 Extraction of genomic DNA from blood

[0031] Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples using the blood genomic DNA extraction kit from Beijing TransGen Biotech Co., Ltd. The concentration and purity of the extracted DNA were measured using a UV spectrophotometer. A concentration >20 ng / μL and an OD260 / OD280 between 1.7 and 1.9 were sufficient for the experiment. The extracted DNA was stored at -20℃ for later use.

[0032] 3.3 Primer Design

[0033] Based on the gene sequence of chromosome 5 of the Rambouillet reference genome (ARS-UI_Ramb_v3.0, GCF_016772045.2) (GenBank accession number: NC_056058.1), a pair of specific primers containing the g24648039G>T SNP site was designed using Oligo 7 software.

[0034] Primer sequences: F: 5'-GATATGGGTTCAGTGCTT-3'; R: 5'-GTCACTATTTGGGCTTCC-3'; As shown in SEQ ID No. 2 and 3.

[0035] The amplified fragment was 530 bp in length, and the primers were synthesized by Sangon Biotech (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.

[0036] 3.4 PCR amplification and sequencing

[0037] PCR amplification system 25 μL: PCR enzyme 22 μL, forward and reverse primers 1 μL each, template DNA 1 μL.

[0038] PCR amplification program: 98℃ for 2 min; 98℃ for 10 s, 60℃ for 10 s, 72℃ for 10 s, for a total of 40 cycles; extension at 72℃ for 2 min.

[0039] PCR products were detected by 1.5% agarose gel electrophoresis. After passing the agarose gel electrophoresis test, the PCR products were sequenced using direct sequencing, which was performed by Sangon Biotech (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. The amplified nucleotide sequence is shown in SEQ ID No. 1, and the SNP marker is located at position 268 of the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID No. 1.

[0040] SEQ ID No.1

[0041] GATATGGGTTCAGTGCTTTTAAAGTCATATCTTTCTGTTTGAAATGAGTTTGAAGCTAATCTTACACTGAAAAGCCTGGTCACCAGTAGAGACCAGTGCACAGTTAATACAGGCATGCTGTGTGGAGCAGAG CAGAGTGAGACTCGAGACGGTGGGGAAGGGCTGGGACCAGCTGCAGTGCCCTGCCTGCTTCTTGTGGACACGCGAAGGAGCGCTTACCTTTAGTTATGATATGAGATCTACCCAGACAGTGACTGCTCTGCAC CCGGAGTGTCTGATGAGGGGCAGAGGTGAAACTGGAAAGGGGGATAAAAAGTGTTAGTCGTTCAGTCGTATCCGACTCTTTGCAACCCCATGGACTACAGCCCACCCGGCTCCTTCTATGGAATTCTCCAGGC AAGAGTACTGGAGTGGGTAGGTAGCCATTCCCTTCTTCAAGGGATCTTCCTAACTCAGGGATCGAACCAAAGTCTCCTGCATTGCAGGCAGATTCTTCACCATCTGATTCACCAGGGAAGCCCAAATAGTGAC

[0042] The sequencing results of PCR products were compared using the bioanalysis software MEGA 6.0, and the sequencing peak diagrams were analyzed to complete the typing.

[0043] 4. Statistical Analysis

[0044] Based on the genotyping results, the number of individuals with different genotypes at each locus was counted. Popgen32 software was used to calculate the gene frequency, genotype frequency, effective allele count (Ne), locus heterozygosity (He), and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test for g24648039G>T. Polymorphism information content (PIC) was calculated using PIC software. IBM SPSS Statistics 22 software was used to analyze the association between different genotypes and immunoglobulins IgA, IgG, and IgM in male elephant semi-fine wool sheep using a general linear model. Results are expressed as mean ± standard error.

[0045] 5 Results

[0046] 5.1 PCR amplification and sequencing results

[0047] The amplified product of the g24648039G>T SNP site on chromosome 5 of Xiangxiong semi-fine wool sheep was detected by 1.5% agarose gel electrophoresis (see [link to article]). Figure 1 The bands were clear and free of impurities, indicating good specificity. The PCR product fragment size was 530 bp, which is in line with the expected size, and the next step of the experiment can be carried out.

[0048] The peak chromatogram and sequence obtained after purification and sequencing of the PCR product are shown below. Figure 2 .Depend on Figure 2 It can be seen that the GT mutation occurs at the g24648039G>TSNP site, and there are three genotypes: GG, GT, and TT.

[0049] 5.2 Statistical Analysis Results

[0050] Genotype and allele frequencies of the g24648039G>T SNP locus on chromosome 5 in male semi-fine wool sheep were analyzed from a population genetics perspective. Table 1 shows that the TT genotype had the highest frequency at the g24648039G>T SNP locus, indicating it was the dominant genotype, while the T allele frequency was 87%, also indicating it was the dominant allele. The χ² fitness test showed that the SNP locus significantly deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P<0.05) (Table 1). The expected heterozygosity of this locus was 0.22, the PIC was 0.20, and PIC<0.25, indicating low polymorphism.

[0051] Table 1. Polymorphism of chromosome 2 g24648039G>T SNP site in male semi-fine wool sheep

[0052] 5.3 Association analysis between different genotypes and immunoglobulins IgA, IgG, and IgM

[0053] The association between different genotypes and the levels of immunoglobulins IgA, IgG, and IgM in Xiangxiong semi-fine wool sheep was analyzed using a general linear model in IBM SPSS Statistics 22 software. The results showed that the levels of immunoglobulins IgA, IgG, and IgM in Xiangxiong semi-fine wool sheep with the GG genotype were significantly lower than those with the TT and GT genotypes (p<0.05). No significant differences were observed between individuals with the TT and GT genotypes (p>0.05). This indicates that the bases at the g24648039G>T SNP site on chromosome 5 of Xiangxiong semi-fine wool sheep are significantly correlated with IgA, IgG, and IgM levels (p<0.05), and are SNP markers related to IgA, IgG, and IgM in Xiangxiong semi-fine wool sheep. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0054] Table 2. Correlation analysis between different genotypes and immunoglobulins IgA, IgG, and IgM.

[0055] Note: Different lowercase letters in the same row indicate significant differences (p<0.05).

[0056] In summary, the SNP molecular marker described in this invention is located at the 24,648,039th base on chromosome 5 of the Rambouillet reference genome (ARS-UI_Ramb_v3.0, GCF_016772045.2); the variant type is G / T, named g24648039G>T, and there are three genotypes. When the 24,648,039th base on chromosome 5 is G, the genotype is GG or GT; when the 24,648,039th base on chromosome 5 is T, the genotype is TT. Through association analysis between different genotypes and the content of immunoglobulins IgA, IgG, and IgM, it was found that the immunoglobulin IgA, IgG, and IgM levels of male elephant semi-fine wool sheep individuals with the GG genotype were significantly lower than those with the TT and GT genotypes (p<0.05), while no significant difference was found between individuals with the TT and GT genotypes (p>0.05). By detecting the bases at nucleotide site 24,648,039 on chromosome 5 of male elephant semi-fine wool sheep, the levels of immunoglobulins IgA, IgG, and IgM in individual male elephant semi-fine wool sheep can be determined. This invention provides a new SNP molecular marker resource for the selection of immune trait markers in male elephant semi-fine wool sheep for non-diagnostic purposes.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A molecular marker for an immune trait associated with male elephant semi-fine wool sheep, characterized in that, The SNP molecular marker is located at the 24,648,039th base on chromosome 5 of the Lambula sheep reference genome ARS-UI_Ramb_v3.0, GCF_016772045.2; the mutated base is G or T.

2. The SNP molecular marker according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the base of the SNP molecular marker site is G, the genotype is GG or GT; when the base of the SNP molecular marker site is T, the genotype is TT; the immune trait is the content of immunoglobulins IgA, IgG, and IgM; the content of immunoglobulins IgA, IgG, and IgM in male elephant semi-fine wool sheep individuals with the GG genotype is significantly lower than that in individuals with the TT and GT genotypes, while the content of immunoglobulins IgA, IgG, and IgM in individuals with the TT and GT genotypes does not show a significant difference.

3. The application of the SNP molecular marker as described in claim 1 or 2 in the preparation of products for detecting the immunity of male elephant semi-fine wool sheep or products for assisted breeding of male elephant semi-fine wool sheep.

4. The primer pair for amplifying the SNP molecular marker as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The nucleotide sequences of the primer pairs are shown in SEQ ID NO:2~3.

5. The use of the primer pair according to claim 4 in the preparation of products for detecting the immunity of male elephant sheep or products for assisted breeding of male elephant sheep.

6. A kit for detecting the immunity of male elephant sheep with semi-fine wool, characterized in that, This includes reagents for detecting the SNP molecular markers of claim 1 or 2, or primer pairs of claim 4.

7. A kit for assisted breeding of male elephant semi-fine wool sheep, characterized in that, The reagent comprises the reagent for detecting the SNP molecular marker of claim 1 or 2, or the primer pair of claim 4.

8. A method for non-diagnostic selection of male elephant semi-fine wool sheep using immunophenotypic markers, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Extract genomic DNA from elephant male semi-fine wool sheep; (2) Using the genomic DNA of the elephant male semi-fine wool sheep obtained in step (1) as a template, amplification is performed using the primer pair described in claim 4 to obtain the amplification product; (3) Perform genotyping on the amplification products to obtain different genotypes of elephant male semi-fine wool sheep; associate the genotypes of elephant male semi-fine wool sheep with immune indicators; the immune indicators are the content of IgA, IgG or IgM.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The amplification system described in step (2) consists of 25 μL of PCR enzyme, 1 μL each of upstream and downstream primers, and 1 μL of template DNA.

10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The amplification program described in step (2) is as follows: 98℃ for 2 min; 98℃ for 10 s, 60℃ for 10 s, 72℃ for 10 s, for a total of 40 cycles; extension at 72℃ for 2 min.

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