A water pump based on reverse-filling mechanical anti-reverse rotation

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of water pumps and relates to a water pump based on mechanical anti-reverse rotation of reverse flow, which comprises a pump body, a motor and an impeller. An anti-reverse rotation mechanism is arranged in the pump body above the impeller. The anti-reverse rotation mechanism comprises a magnetic sensing coil assembly fixedly arranged in the pump body and comprising a coil box and a magnetic sensing coil wound in the coil box, wherein the magnetic sensing coil is electrically connected with a water pump power supply. A sliding member assembly is arranged between the magnetic sensing coil assembly and the impeller in a slidable manner and comprises a sliding seat, a permanent magnet embedded in the sliding seat and a boss pin fixedly arranged at the bottom of the sliding seat. The boss pin protrudes towards the impeller and is matched with an open groove of the impeller. The water pump based on mechanical anti-reverse rotation of reverse flow can effectively prevent reverse rotation caused by liquid reverse flow, thereby protecting core components of the water pump, enhancing the reliability of the water pump and prolonging the service life of the water pump.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of water pumps, and relates to a water pump based on a backflow mechanical anti-reverse pump. Background Technology

[0002] If a water pump experiences a sudden power outage or failure during operation, and there is no effective check valve or the check valve in the outlet pipeline is malfunctioning, the water at a higher level in the pipeline will rapidly flow backward under gravity, impacting the pump impeller and causing it to reverse at high speed. This sudden reversal generates enormous mechanical stress, damaging components such as the impeller, pump shaft, and connecting keys, leading to impeller loosening, detachment, or breakage, or pump shaft twisting or breaking. Simultaneously, the pump's mechanical seal relies on forward rotation for lubrication and cooling; reverse rotation causes dry friction on the sealing surfaces, rapidly burning out the seals and causing leakage.

[0003] This high-speed reverse rotation problem is particularly serious for water pumps using permanent magnet motors, which are becoming increasingly widely used. Reverse rotation turns the permanent magnet motor into a generator, and the resulting back electromotive force creates a high voltage. This voltage can not only break down the motor insulation but also be fed back to the DC bus of the frequency converter, easily causing the frequency converter to trigger an overvoltage alarm or even burn out.

[0004] Currently, conventional techniques for preventing pump reversal mainly fall into two categories: one is to install a mechanical check valve on the pump outlet pipeline, but check valves have risks of delayed closing, incomplete sealing, and failure; the other is to use electromagnetic braking, but this method requires continuous power supply or the use of backup power during power outages, making the system complex and costly. For example, patent document CN103775348A (publication date: 2014-05-07) discloses a fully sealed pump with a cam anti-reversal device, which uses fluid dynamics and the cam self-locking principle to prevent reversal, and is a purely mechanical structure. The response and reliability of this structure may be affected by changes in fluid characteristics. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a water pump based on a backflow mechanical anti-reverse mechanism, which effectively prevents reverse flow caused by liquid backflow, thereby protecting the core components of the water pump, enhancing its reliability, and extending its lifespan.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] A water pump based on a backflow mechanical anti-reverse mechanism includes a pump body, a motor, and an impeller. An anti-reverse mechanism is installed within the pump body above the impeller. The anti-reverse mechanism includes:

[0008] A magnetic induction coil assembly is fixedly installed in the pump body, including a coil box and a magnetic induction coil wound in the coil box, wherein the magnetic induction coil is electrically connected to the power supply of the water pump.

[0009] The sliding component assembly is slidably disposed between the magnetic coil assembly and the impeller, including a sliding seat, a permanent magnet embedded in the sliding seat, and a boss pin fixedly disposed at the bottom of the sliding seat. The boss pin protrudes towards the impeller and is adapted to the opening groove of the impeller.

[0010] When the magnetic coil assembly is de-energized, the sliding component assembly is driven downward by its own gravity, causing the boss pin to insert into the opening slot of the impeller, forming a mechanical lock.

[0011] When the magnetic coil assembly is energized, the magnetic field it generates drives the sliding component assembly to move upward, causing the boss pin to disengage from the opening slot of the impeller and release the lock.

[0012] In the aforementioned water pump based on a backflow mechanical anti-reverse pump, a support base is fixedly installed inside the pump body, and a sliding seat is slidably installed inside the support base. A lower limit stop for the axially limiting sliding seat is provided on the inner wall of the support base, and a sliding guide structure is provided between the support base and the sliding seat. Furthermore, an upper limit structure for the axially limiting sliding seat is formed at the bottom of the coil box.

[0013] In the aforementioned water pump based on a mechanical anti-reverse pump, the pump body is provided with an outlet section, a coil box, a support base, and a cover plate from top to bottom. The end faces of the outlet section, the coil box, the support base, and the cover plate are sequentially abutted and pressed together to form a fixed structure. The support base and the cover plate are assembled through a positioning stop.

[0014] In the aforementioned water pump based on a mechanical anti-reverse flow mechanism, a rubber bearing is provided inside the outlet section, and a ceramic bushing is correspondingly provided on the pump's rotating shaft. The rubber bearing and the ceramic bushing together constitute a sliding bearing assembly that supports the rotating shaft.

[0015] In the aforementioned water pump based on a backflow mechanical anti-reverse pump, multiple boss pins are provided and evenly distributed along the circumference, and each boss pin corresponds one-to-one with the opening groove of the impeller.

[0016] In the aforementioned water pump based on a backflow mechanical anti-reverse pump, the support base is provided with at least one fixing pin, and the sliding component is provided with a pin hole that cooperates with the fixing pin. The fixing pin passes through the pin hole to guide the sliding component to slide up and down. The fixing pin and the pin hole form a sliding guide structure between the support base and the sliding base. Preferably, multiple fixing pins and pin holes are evenly arranged along the circumference.

[0017] In the above-mentioned water pump based on backflow mechanical anti-reverse pump, the water pump is a multi-stage pump: the pump body is provided with multiple hydraulic units, each hydraulic unit including an impeller, a cover plate and a guide vane, the multi-stage hydraulic units are sequentially mounted on the rotating shaft and fixed circumferentially to the rotating shaft, and the sliding component assembly cooperates with the impeller of the uppermost hydraulic unit to form an anti-reverse mechanism.

[0018] In the aforementioned water pump based on a backflow mechanical anti-reverse pump, the magnetic coil assembly and / or the sliding component assembly are encapsulated with epoxy resin.

[0019] In the aforementioned water pump based on a backflow mechanical anti-reverse pump, the magnetic coil assembly is electrically connected to the pump's junction box via a wiring conductor. The pump's outlet section is provided with a wire lead hole for the wiring conductor to pass through, and the wire lead hole is sealed with epoxy resin.

[0020] In the aforementioned water pump based on a backflow mechanical anti-reverse pump, the pump motor is a permanent magnet motor and is equipped with a frequency converter; when the pump starts, the frequency converter is configured to delay power supply by 1-2 seconds to allow the magnetic coil assembly to attract the sliding component assembly upward first.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. This invention provides a water pump based on a backflow mechanical anti-reverse pump. Through the linkage of electromagnetic and mechanical means, the impeller can be mechanically locked at the moment of power failure, avoiding reverse rotation caused by liquid backflow. This effectively prevents mechanical damage to the impeller, shaft, mechanical seal, etc. caused by reverse rotation. At the same time, it completely eliminates the overvoltage impact on the motor insulation and frequency converter caused by the reverse generation of the permanent magnet motor, thus improving the safety and reliability of the entire pump system.

[0023] 2. The magnetic coil assembly and the water pump motor of the present invention share the same power supply. The sliding component can be released by gravity to achieve mechanical locking at the instant of power failure. At the same time, the locking is a rigid pin type, which eliminates the risk of slippage and has the advantages of rapid response and reliable locking.

[0024] 3. The locking and unlocking of this invention are actively controlled by electrical signals, which does not depend on the reverse fluid conditions, making the operation more stable and reliable, and fundamentally solving the problem of reverse rotation in the early stage of pump shutdown.

[0025] 4. The anti-reverse mechanism of the present invention is integrated inside the pump body, with a compact structure, and is especially suitable for fully sealed pumps, multi-stage pumps and permanent magnet motor water pumps with limited structural space. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2This is a partially enlarged view of the anti-reverse mechanism of the present invention (power off state);

[0028] Figure 3 This is a partially enlarged view (connected state) of the anti-reverse mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the anti-reverse mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] Reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Pump body; 2. Motor; 3. Impeller; 4. Coil box; 5. Magnetic coil; 6. Sliding seat; 7. Permanent magnet; 8. Boss pin; 9. Opening slot; 10. Support seat; 11. Lower limit stop; 12. Water outlet section; 13. Cover plate; 14. Rubber bearing; 15. Rotating shaft; 16. Ceramic bushing; 17. Fixing pin; 18. Pin hole; 19. Guide vane. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Figure 1-4 :

[0032] A water pump based on a backflow mechanical anti-reverse mechanism includes a pump body 1, a motor 2, and an impeller 3. An anti-reverse mechanism is installed inside the pump body 1 above the impeller 3. The anti-reverse mechanism includes a magnetic coil assembly and a sliding component assembly. Specifically:

[0033] A magnetic induction coil assembly is fixedly installed inside the pump body 1, including a coil box 4 and a magnetic induction coil 5 wound inside the coil box 4. The magnetic induction coil 5 is electrically connected to the power supply of the water pump.

[0034] The sliding component assembly, which can slide up and down between the magnetic coil assembly and the impeller 3, includes a sliding seat 6, a permanent magnet 7 embedded in the sliding seat 6, and a boss pin 8 fixedly disposed at the bottom of the sliding seat 6. The boss pin 8 protrudes towards the impeller 3 and is adapted to the opening groove 9 of the impeller 3. Preferably, there are multiple boss pins 8, which are evenly distributed circumferentially. Each boss pin 8 corresponds to an opening groove 9 of the impeller 3. The multi-pin design makes the locking force distribution more uniform and the locking more reliable.

[0035] To improve the stability of the axial sliding of the sliding component assembly, this embodiment also provides a support base 10: the support base 10 is fixedly installed inside the pump body 1, the sliding seat 6 is slidably installed inside the support base 10, the inner wall of the support base 10 is provided with a lower limit stop 11 for axially limiting the sliding seat 6, and a sliding guide structure is provided between the support base 10 and the sliding seat 6; furthermore, the bottom of the coil box 4 forms an upper limit structure for axially limiting the sliding seat 6.

[0036] Furthermore, the sliding guide structure specifically comprises: at least one fixing pin 17 is provided on the support base 10, and a pin hole 18 is provided on the sliding component assembly to cooperate with the fixing pin 17. The fixing pin 17 passes through the pin hole 18 to guide the sliding component assembly to slide up and down. This structure provides a simple and effective linear guide. Preferably, multiple fixing pins 17 and pin holes 18 are evenly arranged circumferentially.

[0037] The working process of this embodiment is as follows:

[0038] Start-up process: When the water pump is powered on, the magnetic coil 5 is energized first, generating a magnetic field opposite to that of the permanent magnet 7. This creates an electromagnetic attraction, drawing the sliding assembly upwards along the fixed pin 17 against gravity until the upper surface of the sliding seat 6 contacts the lower surface of the coil box 4. At this point, all the boss pins 8 are completely disengaged from the opening slots 9 of the impeller 3. Subsequently, the frequency converter supplies power to the motor 2 after a delay of approximately 1.5 seconds. The motor 2 drives the shaft 15 and all the impellers 3 to begin rotating in the forward direction, and the water pump starts normally. During normal operation of the water pump, the magnetic coil 5 remains energized, the sliding assembly remains in the upper position, there is no interference between the boss pins 8 and the impellers 3, and the water pump operates normally.

[0039] Power failure protection process: When the water pump suddenly loses power, the current in the magnetic coil 5 disappears instantly, and the electromagnetic attraction also disappears. Under its own gravity, the sliding component immediately slides down along the fixing pin 17. The lower end face of the boss pin 8 then contacts the upper surface of the impeller hub 3. Due to the inertia of the motor 2, the impeller 3 will continue to rotate slowly (forward or starting to reverse). During the rotation, the boss pin 8 will quickly find and align with the opening slot 9, and fall into the slot under gravity. Once the boss pin 8 is inserted into the opening slot 9, the impeller 3 is mechanically locked and cannot reverse. At this time, even if the water in the outlet pipe begins to flow back and impact the impeller 3, it cannot be rotated, thus protecting the mechanical components of the water pump.

[0040] The specific installation structure of this embodiment is as follows: the pump body 1 is arranged from top to bottom as follows: water outlet section 12, coil box 4, support base 10 and cover plate 13. The end faces of water outlet section 12, coil box 4, support base 10 and cover plate 13 abut and press to form a fixed structure. The support base 10 and cover plate 13 are assembled through positioning stops. This integrated structure simplifies the assembly process and ensures the coaxiality and overall rigidity between the components.

[0041] Furthermore, a rubber bearing 14 is provided inside the water outlet section 12, and a ceramic bushing 16 is correspondingly provided on the rotating shaft 15 of the water pump. The rubber bearing 14 and the ceramic bushing 16 together constitute a sliding bearing assembly supporting the rotating shaft 15. The function of the sliding bearing assembly is to support the rotating shaft 15, so that the rotating shaft 15 rotates smoothly; at the same time, it ensures that the rotating shaft 15 rotates without eccentricity, so that the pump operates more stably.

[0042] In this embodiment, the water pump is a multi-stage pump: the pump body 1 is provided with multiple hydraulic units, each hydraulic unit including an impeller 3, a cover plate 13 and a guide vane 19. The multi-stage hydraulic units are sequentially mounted on the rotating shaft 15 and circumferentially fixed to the rotating shaft 15 (for example, circumferential positioning is achieved by the cooperation of a hexagonal shaft and a hexagonal shaft hole). The sliding component assembly cooperates with the impeller 3 of the uppermost hydraulic unit to form an anti-reverse mechanism.

[0043] To increase the water resistance of each component, the magnetic coil assembly and / or the slider assembly are encapsulated with epoxy resin.

[0044] Furthermore, the magnetic coil assembly is electrically connected to the junction box of the water pump via a wiring conductor, and the water pump outlet section 12 is provided with a wire lead hole for the wiring conductor to pass through, and the wire lead hole is sealed with epoxy resin.

[0045] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water pump based on a backflow mechanical anti-reverse pump, comprising a pump body (1), a motor (2), and an impeller (3), characterized in that, An anti-reverse rotation mechanism is provided inside the pump body (1) above the impeller (3), the anti-reverse rotation mechanism comprising: The magnetic induction coil assembly is fixedly installed inside the pump body (1), including a coil box (4) and a magnetic induction coil (5) wound inside the coil box (4), wherein the magnetic induction coil (5) is electrically connected to the power supply of the water pump. The sliding component assembly is slidably disposed between the magnetic coil assembly and the impeller (3), including a sliding seat (6), a permanent magnet (7) embedded in the sliding seat (6), and a boss pin (8) fixedly disposed at the bottom of the sliding seat (6). The boss pin (8) protrudes toward the impeller (3) and is adapted to the opening groove (9) of the impeller (3). When the magnetic coil assembly is de-energized, the sliding component assembly is driven downward by its gravity, causing the boss pin (8) to insert into the opening slot (9) of the impeller (3) to form a mechanical lock; When the magnetic coil assembly is energized, the magnetic field it generates drives the sliding component assembly to move upward, causing the boss pin (8) to disengage from the opening slot (9) of the impeller (3) and release the lock.

2. A water pump based on backflow mechanical anti-reverse pumping according to claim 1, characterized in that, A support seat (10) is fixedly installed inside the pump body (1). The sliding seat (6) is slidably installed inside the support seat (10). The inner wall of the support seat (10) is provided with a lower limit stop (11) for the axially limiting sliding seat (6). A sliding guide structure is provided between the support seat (10) and the sliding seat (6).

3. A water pump based on a backflow mechanical anti-reverse pump according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pump body (1) is arranged from top to bottom as follows: water outlet section (12), coil box (4), support base (10) and cover plate (13). The end faces of the water outlet section (12), coil box (4), support base (10) and cover plate (13) are sequentially abutted and pressed to form a fixed structure. The support base (10) and cover plate (13) are assembled by positioning stop.

4. A water pump based on backflow mechanical anti-reverse pump according to claim 3, characterized in that, A rubber bearing (14) is provided inside the water outlet section (12), and a ceramic bushing (16) is provided on the rotating shaft (15) of the water pump. The rubber bearing (14) and the ceramic bushing (16) together constitute a sliding bearing assembly supporting the rotating shaft (15).

5. A water pump based on backflow mechanical anti-reverse pumping according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple boss pins (8) are provided and are evenly distributed along the circumference. Each boss pin (8) corresponds to an opening groove (9) of the impeller (3).

6. A water pump based on a backflow mechanical anti-reverse pump according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support base (10) is provided with at least one fixing pin (17), and the sliding component is provided with a pin hole (18) that cooperates with the fixing pin (17). The fixing pin (17) passes through the pin hole (18) to guide the sliding component to slide up and down.

7. A water pump based on backflow mechanical anti-reverse pumping according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pump body (1) is equipped with multiple hydraulic units. Each hydraulic unit includes an impeller (3), a cover plate (13), and a guide vane (19). The multiple hydraulic units are sequentially mounted on the rotating shaft (15) and circumferentially fixed to the rotating shaft (15). The sliding component assembly cooperates with the impeller (3) of the uppermost hydraulic unit to form an anti-reverse mechanism.

8. A water pump based on a backflow mechanical anti-reverse pump according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic coil assembly and / or the slider assembly are encapsulated in epoxy resin.

9. A water pump based on backflow mechanical anti-reverse pump according to claim 3, characterized in that, The magnetic coil assembly is electrically connected to the junction box of the water pump via a wiring conductor. The water pump outlet section (12) is provided with a wire lead hole for the wiring conductor to pass through, and the wire lead hole is sealed with epoxy resin.

10. A water pump based on a backflow mechanical anti-reverse pump according to claim 1, characterized in that, The motor (2) of the water pump is a permanent magnet motor and is equipped with a frequency converter; when the water pump starts, the frequency converter is configured to delay power supply for 1-2 seconds to allow the magnetic coil assembly to attract the sliding component assembly upward first.

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