Soil sampling equipment for water and soil conservation monitoring

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of soil sampling equipment, and particularly discloses soil sampling equipment for water and soil conservation monitoring, the equipment comprises a sampling part, the sampling part comprises a drilling head and a collecting head, a cavity is formed in the drilling head, and the collecting head is sleeved with the cavity; the bottom of the drilling head is provided with an inclined baffle which is used for blocking the cavity and is mutually spliced to form a conical part, a pushing mechanism is further arranged between the inclined baffle and the collecting head, and when the collecting head collects soil, the inclined baffle is pushed to be opened through the pushing mechanism; the bottom of the collecting head is sunken inwards to form a containing cavity, a soil cutting and sampling part is further rotationally arranged in the containing cavity in the collecting head, and the soil cutting and sampling part cuts and samples soil through rotation; the problem that in the prior art, samples are prone to breakage and breakage during sampling is solved, continuous and complete soil samples can be obtained, and the using effect of equipment is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil sampling equipment technology, and specifically discloses a soil sampling device for soil and water conservation monitoring. Background Technology

[0002] In soil and water conservation monitoring, soil sampling is a crucial step in obtaining key data such as soil physicochemical properties and erosion levels. Currently, widely used soil sampling equipment typically consists of a basic drill bit, a sampling tube, and simple drive components. Its working principle usually involves manually or mechanically driving the drill bit into the soil layer, directly excavating or scraping soil samples using the sampling tube, and then lifting the drill bit and sampling tube together to the surface to complete the sampling. This type of equipment can meet basic sampling needs in conventional soil environments, and due to its simple structure and low cost, it has become the mainstream choice for small- to medium-scale soil and water conservation monitoring scenarios. For example, in surface soil sampling operations on slopes and farmland, this type of equipment is often used to collect soil samples at depths of 0.5-1.5 meters. However, existing soil sampling equipment has certain shortcomings in practical applications, making it difficult to meet the sample quality requirements of high-precision soil and water conservation monitoring. On the one hand, during the drilling process, soil particles are prone to collapse from the gap between the drill bit and the borehole wall into the sampling area, resulting in soil impurities of different depths being mixed into the collected samples, which damages the soil's layered structure, especially in sandy soil or loose soil layers, and thus affects the accuracy of subsequent tests on soil bulk density, organic matter content and other indicators. On the other hand, most existing sampling tubes adopt an open or simple closed structure. When taking soil samples, they rely solely on the soil's own adhesiveness to adhere to the inside of the tube, making it impossible to accurately cut and separate the soil. For hard clay layers or soils containing gravel, soil samples are prone to breakage and fragmentation. After sampling, the soil samples tend to adhere to the tube wall due to their adhesiveness, requiring removal by tapping or scraping. This process not only easily causes secondary breakage of the samples but may also result in sample residues inside the tube, causing cross-contamination of soil samples taken from different locations, thus affecting the actual effectiveness of the sampling equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a soil sampling device for soil and water conservation monitoring, so as to at least solve one of the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] Specifically, this application is achieved through the following technical solution: A soil sampling device for soil and water conservation monitoring includes a sampling section, which includes a drilling head and a collection head. The drilling head has a cavity inside and is fitted onto the outside of the collection head. The bottom of the drilling head is provided with an inclined baffle for sealing the cavity and splicing together to form a conical part. A pushing mechanism is also provided between the inclined baffle and the collection head. When the collection head collects soil, the pushing mechanism pushes the inclined baffle to open. The bottom of the sampling head is recessed inward to form a receiving cavity, and a soil cutting sampling component is rotatably provided in the receiving cavity inside the sampling head. The soil cutting sampling component cuts and samples the soil by rotating.

[0005] Furthermore, the cutting sampling component includes a rotating rod located inside the receiving cavity, and a cutting disc spirally wound around the outside of the rotating rod. The cutting disc, through spiral winding, encloses the rotating rod to form a soil sampling space.

[0006] Preferably, the soil sampling space is further provided with a detachment component, which includes a push plate attached to the surface of the rotating rod, and the side of the push plate near the rotating rod is connected to an electric push rod embedded in the rotating rod.

[0007] Furthermore, the top of the inclined baffle is hinged to the bottom opening of the drill bit.

[0008] Furthermore, the pushing mechanism includes a supporting hydraulic rod corresponding to the inclined baffle, with one end of the supporting hydraulic rod hinged to the acquisition head, and the other end inclined downward in a direction away from the acquisition head and hinged to the interior of the inclined baffle.

[0009] Preferably, the inclined baffle is provided with an outwardly protruding piercing ridge in the middle of its outer side along its axial direction. The cross-section of the piercing ridge is triangular pyramidal, and its two sides smoothly transition to the two sides of the inclined baffle.

[0010] Preferably, the acquisition head slides into the cavity inside the drill bit, and an ejector cylinder is provided between the upper part of the acquisition head and the cavity inside the drill bit. The fixed end of the ejector cylinder is connected to the cavity, and the actuating end of the ejector cylinder is connected to the acquisition head.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper end of the sampling unit is also connected to a drilling rod, the bottom end of which is connected to the drilling head, and the top end of the drilling rod is provided with a base. The base and the drilling rod are connected through a drilling mechanism, which is used to provide drilling power to the drilling rod.

[0012] Specifically, the base is also equipped with a control console, which is connected to the electric push rod, the drilling mechanism, the ejection cylinder and the support hydraulic cylinder by signal.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects: This invention solves the problems of existing technologies where soil collapses and mixes into the sample during drilling, disrupting the layered structure, by using a coordinated design of a drilling head fitted with a sampling head and an inclined baffle, along with a pushing mechanism between the inclined baffle and the sampling head. Specifically, the drilling head forms a cavity inside and is fitted outside the sampling head, creating an isolation space. During drilling, the inclined baffle remains closed and is spliced ​​to form a conical section, effectively sealing the cavity at the bottom of the drilling head and preventing loose soil particles from entering the sampling area. The pushing mechanism uses a supporting hydraulic rod corresponding to the inclined baffle, one end of which is hinged to the sampling head. The other end is tilted downwards away from the sampling head and hinged to the inside of the inclined baffle, which can precisely drive the opening and closing of the inclined baffle. At the same time, the outer middle of the inclined baffle has an outward protruding piercing rib (the cross-section is triangular pyramidal, and the two sides smoothly transition to the two sides of the inclined baffle), which can concentrate the soil breaking stress and reduce soil resistance, ensuring that the inclined baffle can be reliably deployed in hard soil or gravelly soil layers, avoiding sampling interruption due to obstruction of opening and closing. It not only ensures the stratification integrity of the sample, but also improves the stability of the equipment in complex soil environments and effectively reduces the risk of soil sample mixing and contamination.

[0014] This invention utilizes a soil cutting sampling component that rotates within a cavity inside the sampling head. The component includes a rotating rod inside the cavity and a spirally wound cutting disc outside the rod, forming a soil sampling space through the spiral winding and the rotating rod. During sampling, the rotating rod drives the cutting disc to rotate, creating a progressive cutting action that continuously circumferentially cuts the soil, reducing the impact of shear force on soil particles. Simultaneously, the soil sampling space enclosed by the cutting disc and the rotating rod directs the cut soil sample into the cavity, preventing sample breakage due to weight accumulation or adhesion. This invention solves the problem of sample breakage and fragmentation during sampling in existing technologies and allows for the acquisition of continuous and complete soil samples. It meets the high-precision requirements for analyzing the vertical distribution characteristics of soil profiles in soil and water conservation monitoring, improving the accuracy of sample detection data.

[0015] (3) By setting a detachment component in the soil sampling space, the present invention solves the defects of the prior art that rely on manual knocking when taking out samples, which is prone to secondary breakage and residual pollution. Specifically, the detachment component includes a push plate attached to the surface of the rotating rod. The side of the push plate near the rotating rod is connected to an electric push rod embedded in the rotating rod. After sampling, the control console sends a command to the electric push rod, which drives the push plate to move in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the rotating rod. The soil sample adhering to the inner wall of the soil sampling space is completely detached by mechanical pushing without manual intervention. This not only avoids the breakage of the sample caused by external force knocking, but also completely removes the sample residue in the soil sampling space, effectively preventing cross-contamination between different sampling points and improving the sampling reliability of the equipment and the accuracy of subsequent sample testing. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the invention and form part of this application, do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the acquisition unit of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the unfolded structure of the inclined baffle of the acquisition unit of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a bottom view of the acquisition head and inclined baffle structure of the present invention.

[0017] In the above figures, the reference numerals represent: 1. Collection unit; 11. Drilling head; 111. Inclined baffle; 1111. Puncture protrusion; 12. Collection head; 121. Receiving cavity; 122. Soil cutting sampling component; 1221. Rotating rod; 1222. Cutting disc; 1231. Push plate; 1232. Electric push rod; 131. Supporting hydraulic rod; 141. Ejection cylinder; 2. Drilling rod; 3. Base; 31. Control console; 4. Drilling mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of this application will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0019] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Furthermore, in the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0020] It should be understood that in this application, all rotating, sliding, meshing and other moving parts are well lubricated and are provided with corresponding protective shells. However, in the accompanying drawings of this application, the connection state of each moving part is not shown. It should also be understood that each part in this application is made of metal or plastic material with adaptable strength in the relevant field to ensure that its structural rigidity meets the actual requirements.

[0021] It should be noted that in existing technologies, soil sampling equipment widely used in soil and water conservation monitoring mainly consists of a basic drilling tool, a sampling tube, and a drive component. It mainly involves drilling into the soil layer and then directly excavating samples using the sampling tube. While this type of sampling equipment can meet basic requirements in conventional soil environments, in sandy or loose soil layers, soil particles are prone to collapse from the gap between the drilling tool and the borehole wall into the sampling area, resulting in soil mixing at different depths and disrupting the layered structure. At the same time, existing sampling tubes use an open or simple closed structure, relying on the soil's own cohesiveness to adhere during soil collection. For hard clay or soil containing gravel, the samples are prone to breakage and fragmentation, requiring knocking or scraping during removal, leading to secondary breakage and sample residue, causing cross-contamination.

[0022] To address the aforementioned issues, the applicant's research revealed that existing equipment cannot effectively isolate soil particles in the borehole wall gaps during the drilling phase, and lacks precise cutting and sample stabilization structures during sampling. Further analysis showed that a dynamic opening and closing baffle structure can close the drilling path, while a rotating cutting mechanism can reduce soil breakage. Based on this, the applicant proposes a new technical solution for soil sampling equipment for soil and water conservation monitoring, as detailed in the following embodiments. Example

[0023] Please refer to the following: Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in the figure, this embodiment discloses a soil sampling device for soil and water conservation monitoring. The device includes a sampling section, which includes a drilling head 11 and a collection head 12. The drilling head 11 has a cavity inside and is fitted onto the outside of the collection head 12. The bottom of the drilling head 11 is provided with an inclined baffle 111 for sealing the cavity and splicing together to form a conical part. A pushing mechanism is also provided between the inclined baffle 111 and the collection head 12. When the collection head 12 collects soil, it pushes the inclined baffle 111 to open through the pushing mechanism. The bottom of the sampling head 12 is recessed inward to form a receiving cavity 121, and a soil cutting sampling component 122 is rotatably provided in the receiving cavity 121 inside the sampling head 12. The soil cutting sampling component 122 cuts and samples the soil by rotating.

[0024] Understandably, the drill bit 11 refers to a cylindrical structure with an internal cavity, which can be made of alloy steel. Its outer diameter is slightly larger than that of the collection head 12, forming a nested fit to isolate the soil in the gaps between the borehole walls during drilling. The inclined baffle 111 refers to a plate-like structure with an openable bottom, which can be connected by a hinge. Its cross-section is arc-shaped, and when multiple inclined baffles 111 are closed, they are spliced ​​together to form a conical tip that matches the bottom contour of the drill bit 11, which is used to seal the bottom of the cavity and guide the drilling direction of the drill bit 11. The pushing mechanism refers to the power component that connects the inclined baffle 111 and the collection head 12, which is used to control the opening and closing of the inclined baffle 111 during the sampling stage. The collection head 12 refers to a cylindrical component used for soil sample collection, and the receiving cavity 121 refers to the cavity formed by the inward indentation at the bottom of the collection head 12, which is used to receive the cut soil sample.

[0025] Specifically, during the drilling phase, when the drill bit 11 penetrates the soil, the inclined baffle 111 remains closed and is assembled to form a conical part to allow it to penetrate the soil. At the same time, the closed state of the inclined baffle 111 can seal the bottom of the cavity, preventing surrounding soil particles from entering the sampling area. When the drill bit 11 reaches the target soil depth, the sampling head 12 can perform soil sampling operations. The inclined baffle 111 is driven outward by the pushing mechanism, exposing the bottom of the sampling head 12 and bringing it into contact with the soil. At this time, the soil cutting sampling component 122 inside the sampling head 12 begins to rotate and continuously cut the soil. As the cutting sampling component continues to rotate, the soil sample is stably contained in the receiving cavity 121 in a strip shape, avoiding breakage caused by external impact. After sampling is completed, the cutting sampling component stops rotating, and the pushing mechanism resets to close the inclined baffle 111, thereby shielding and protecting the soil sample in the receiving cavity 121.

[0026] Compared to existing technologies, this application, through the nested drill bit 11 and dynamic inclined baffle 111 structure, forms a closed environment during drilling, effectively isolating soil particles in the borehole wall gaps during the drilling stage, maintaining the integrity of the sample's layered structure, and preventing soil from mixing into the borehole wall. Furthermore, the sampling head 12 has a built-in rotating cutting sampling component that uses a spiral cutting motion to continuously segment the soil, reducing breakage during sampling of hard soil or soil containing gravel, thus reducing the risk of sample breakage. At the same time, the dynamic opening and closing mechanism of the inclined baffle 111 avoids secondary damage and residual contamination during sample removal caused by traditional open structures, thereby improving the sampling accuracy and efficiency of the equipment and enhancing its performance.

[0027] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the cutting sampling component includes a rotating rod 1221 located inside the receiving cavity 121, and a cutting blade 1222 spirally wound around the outside of the rotating rod 1221. The cutting blade 1222 forms a soil sampling space by spirally winding with the rotating rod 1221.

[0028] Understandably, in the above embodiments, the rotating rod 1221 refers to the central shaft structure set inside the receiving cavity 121, which is preferably made of stainless steel or alloy cylinder, and its outer diameter can be 30%-50% of the diameter of the receiving cavity 121. At the same time, the rotating rod 1221 serves as the core support component for cutting the sampling piece, providing rotational power for the cutting blade 1222. The cutting blade 1222 refers to a thin sheet structure that extends spirally along the axis of the rotating rod 1221. It is preferably made of high-hardness alloy material and formed into a continuous spiral curved surface by CNC machining, with a spiral helix angle of 15°-45°, so that the cutting blade 1222 forms a progressive soil cutting action through the continuous spiral edge, reducing the breakage of the soil layer caused by shear force. The soil sampling space refers to the spiral channel formed by the spiral cutting blade 1222 and the outer wall of the rotating rod 1221, which forms a continuous receiving area during rotation, so that the cut soil sample moves directionally into the interior of the spiral structure of the cutting blade 1222, avoiding the sample from being stuck in the sampling area due to its own weight or adhesion. It should also be noted that the volume of the soil sampling space can be adjusted by changing the pitch and width of the spiral cutting blade 1222 according to the actual situation.

[0029] Furthermore, as a further preferred embodiment, a driving mechanism (not shown in the figure) is provided at the top of the rotating rod 1221. The driving mechanism is preferably a motor, which drives the rotating rod 1221 to rotate. When the rotating rod 1221 rotates, it drives the cutting blade 1222 to rotate and the edge of the cutting blade 1222 cuts into the soil layer to form a continuous cutting action. The cut soil particles enter the soil sampling space enclosed by the spiral cutting blade 1222 and the rotating rod 1221 under the action of centrifugal force. As the rotating rod 1221 continues to rotate, the spiral structure of the cutting blade 1222 can push the soil sample upward along the spiral channel into the receiving cavity 121 through the rotational guiding action, thus avoiding the accumulation of soil samples.

[0030] Based on the above technical solution, this application solves the problem of sample breakage and residue that easily occurs when existing equipment samples hard soil or soil containing gravel. It continuously cuts the soil sample by the continuous cutting action formed by the spirally wound cutting blade 1222, and continuously and directionally transports the cut soil sample into the soil sampling space as the spiral structure continues to rotate, reducing the squeezing and impact on soil particles, thereby reducing the breakage rate of the soil sample and achieving complete collection of the soil sample.

[0031] In some preferred embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the soil sampling space is also equipped with a detachment component, which includes a push plate 1231 attached to the surface of the rotating rod 1221. The side of the push plate 1231 near the rotating rod 1221 is connected to an electric push rod 1232 embedded in the rotating rod 1221.

[0032] Understandably, in this embodiment, the push plate 1231 refers to a plate-like structure covering the axial extension surface of the rotating rod 1221. Specifically, it can be implemented using a metal or composite material plate. Its plane is in contact with the surface of the rotating rod 1221, and it pushes the adhered soil sample away through displacement. The electric push rod 1232 refers to a linear drive device built into the rotating rod 1221. Specifically, it can be implemented using a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder, and it is rigidly connected to the push plate 1231 through a piston rod, providing axial thrust to the push plate 1231.

[0033] It should be further noted that in existing technologies, traditional sampling equipment often relies on manual tapping or scraping to remove soil samples after sampling, which easily leads to sample breakage and residue. Therefore, this embodiment addresses this technical problem by using a built-in drive mechanism to actively push the adhering soil, maintaining sample integrity while preventing residue contamination of subsequent sampling. Specifically: When soil sampling is completed and soil samples need to be removed, the electric push rod 1232 is activated. After the electric push rod 1232 is activated, it pushes the push plate 1231 to move in the axial direction perpendicular to the rotating rod 1221. This causes relative displacement between the surface of the push plate 1231 and the inner wall of the soil sampling space formed by the spiral cutting blade 1222. As a result, the soil sample adhering to the sampling space is directly pushed off by the push plate 1231, so as to achieve directional mechanical peeling of the soil sample adhering to the soil sampling space, and remove the soil sample completely. This effectively reduces the risk of soil sample residue and cross-contamination, and improves the sampling integrity and the practical reliability of the equipment.

[0034] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the top of the inclined baffle 111 is hinged to the bottom opening of the drill bit 11.

[0035] Understandably, the inclined baffle 111 is hinged to the bottom opening of the drill bit 11 using a hinge or pivot structure, so that the inclined baffle 111 can rotate around a fixed axis, thereby achieving rotational blocking and closure of the bottom cavity opening of the drill bit 11.

[0036] In practice, during the drilling process of the drilling head 11, the inclined baffle 111 is kept closed by the constraint of the top hinge point, and multiple inclined baffles 111 are spliced ​​together to form a complete cone, which effectively prevents soil particles from collapsing the borehole wall from entering the sampling area and enhances the sealing effect of the cone. This avoids the situation where soil that does not belong to the sampling area is squeezed into the collection head 12 inside the drilling head 11 during the early drilling work of soil sampling, which would cause soil layers at different depths to mix and cross-contaminate, thus affecting the soil sampling results.

[0037] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the pushing mechanism includes a supporting hydraulic rod 131 corresponding to the inclined baffle 111, and one end of the supporting hydraulic rod 131 is hinged to the collection head 12, while the other end is inclined downward in a direction away from the collection head 12 and hinged to the inside of the inclined baffle 111.

[0038] Understandably, the supporting hydraulic rod 131 refers to a rod-shaped component that achieves linear extension and retraction through hydraulic drive. Its two ends are hinged to form an adjustable thrust transmission structure. The downward tilt setting means that the end of the supporting hydraulic rod 131 away from the collection head 12 extends towards the inclined baffle 111 at a preset angle. Specifically, it can be connected by a hinge seat forming a certain angle with the inner wall of the inclined baffle 111, so that the hydraulic thrust can be decomposed into horizontal and vertical components, so as to facilitate the closing or unfolding of the inclined baffle 111.

[0039] Specifically, when the drill bit 11 is drilling the soil, the supporting hydraulic rod 131 retracts under hydraulic drive. At this time, the inclined baffle 111 is constrained by the hinge point and remains closed, forming a conical part that seals the bottom cavity of the drill bit 11, thereby preventing soil particles from seeping in from the gap between the drill bit 11 and the sampling head 12. When the drill bit 11 reaches the target sampling depth, the supporting hydraulic rod 131 extends under hydraulic action. Its downward extension direction causes the thrust to be decomposed into an outward pushing component along the opening and closing trajectory of the inclined baffle 111, forcing the inclined baffle 111 to unfold outward around the top hinge point, thereby allowing the sampling head 12 to move out of the drill bit 11 so that the sampling head 12 can collect soil samples.

[0040] As a further preferred embodiment, such as Figure 4As shown, a piercing ridge 1111 is provided in the middle of the outer side of the inclined baffle 111 along its axial direction. The cross-section of the piercing ridge 1111 is triangular pyramidal, and its two sides smoothly transition to the two sides of the inclined baffle 111.

[0041] Understandably, the piercing ridge 1111 refers to a strip-shaped protrusion extending along the axial direction of the inclined baffle 111. It can be achieved by metal stamping or welding. Its axial extension direction is consistent with the movement trajectory of the inclined baffle 111, and it is used to concentrate the piercing stress. Its triangular pyramidal cross section means that the tip of the piercing ridge 1111 forms a linear soil-breaking cutting edge. It can be achieved by cutting or mold casting. It reduces soil resistance by gradually breaking the soil. The smooth transition means that the two sides of the piercing ridge 1111 and the surface of the inclined baffle 111 form a continuous curved surface. It can be achieved by arc chamfering or gradual slope to guide soil particles to disperse to both sides, so as to facilitate the smooth deployment of the inclined baffle 111.

[0042] Specifically, when the drill bit 11 is pressed down into the soil layer for sampling, the supporting hydraulic rod 131 of the pushing mechanism pushes the inclined baffle 111 to unfold. The axially extending piercing protrusion 1111 can concentrate the soil pressure to the tip of the triangular pyramid to form a local high pressure as the inclined baffle 111 unfolds, thereby piercing the soil layer and squeezing the soil. As the inclined baffle 111 continues to unfold, its triangular pyramid cross-section gradually expands the soil breaking range from the tip to both sides, causing longitudinal cracks in the soil layer. At the same time, the smooth transition of the sides guides the broken soil to the two sides of the inclined baffle 111. Meanwhile, the smooth curved surfaces on both sides of the piercing protrusion 1111 reduce the frictional resistance of the soil to the inclined baffle 111, thereby reducing the resistance of the soil layer to the unfolding of the inclined baffle 111, making it easier for the inclined baffle 111 to open smoothly, so that the sampling head 12 is exposed from the receiving cavity 121.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, this application concentrates the soil breaking stress by axially arranged piercing protrusions 1111 and uses the triangular cone tip to achieve effective penetration of the soil layer. At the same time, the smooth transition structure actively disperses debris during the soil breaking process, which solves the problem of the obstruction of the opening and closing of the inclined baffle 111 in the soil. This enables the inclined baffle 111 to be reliably deployed in the soil and avoids the sampling head being unable to collect samples due to the failure of the inclined baffle 111 to deploy. This ensures the continuity and stability of the equipment in the soil sample collection process.

[0044] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the acquisition head 12 is slidably engaged with the cavity inside the drill bit 11. An ejection cylinder 141 is also provided between the upper part of the acquisition head 12 and the cavity inside the drill bit 11. The fixed end of the ejection cylinder 141 is connected to the cavity, and the actuating end of the ejection cylinder 141 is connected to the acquisition head 12.

[0045] Understandably, in this embodiment, the sampling head 12 is slidably fitted with the cavity, and an ejector cylinder 141 is provided to facilitate the ejection of the sampling head 12 from the cavity during soil sampling operations. Specifically, when soil is being collected, the actuator of the ejector cylinder 141 pushes the sampling head 12 downward relative to the drilling head 11. Utilizing the axial displacement characteristics of the sliding fit, the sampling head 12 extends out of the cavity of the drilling head 11 and comes into contact with the soil to be collected. This ensures that the sampling head 12 can quickly collect soil samples, thereby improving the practical effect of the equipment and making its soil sampling work more efficient.

[0046] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the upper end of the sampling unit is also connected to a drilling rod 2. The bottom end of the drilling rod 2 is connected to the drilling head 11, and the top end of the drilling rod 2 is provided with a base 3. The base 3 and the drilling rod 2 are connected through a drilling mechanism 4. The drilling mechanism 4 is used to provide drilling power to the drilling rod 2.

[0047] It should be understood that the drilling rod 2 refers to the rigid rod-shaped structure connecting the sampling unit and the base 3, which can be made of high-strength alloy steel. Its function is to transmit the power generated by the drilling mechanism 4 to the drilling head 11, and at the same time bear the axial pressure and torque generated during drilling. The base 3 refers to the support component fixed to the ground or mobile platform, which can be stabilized by bolts or counterweights. Its function is to provide a vertical support reference for the drilling rod 2 and prevent the equipment from shifting during drilling. The drilling mechanism 4 refers to the power device that drives the drilling rod 2, which can be implemented by a hydraulic motor or an electric reducer with a gear transmission structure. Its function is to provide an adjustable rotation speed and propulsion pressure for the drilling rod 2, thereby controlling the drilling depth of the drilling head 11 in the soil.

[0048] Specifically, during the sampling process, after the drilling mechanism 4 is started, the rotational power is transmitted to the drilling rod 2 through gear transmission, which drives the drilling head 11 to cut into the soil layer at a set speed. The base 3 forms a reaction force fulcrum by being fixed to the ground, ensuring that the drilling rod 2 remains vertical during drilling. When it is necessary to adjust the drilling depth, the drilling mechanism 4 can switch to axial propulsion mode, and apply pressure to the drilling rod 2 through a hydraulic cylinder or lead screw structure to push the drilling head 11 to continue drilling. By adjusting the output parameters of the drilling mechanism 4 in real time, the drilling speed and termination position of the drilling head 11 can be precisely controlled, thereby ensuring that the depth error of the sampling point is controlled within the allowable range.

[0049] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the base 3 is also equipped with a control console 31, which is connected to the electric push rod 1232, the drilling mechanism 4, the ejection cylinder 141 and the support hydraulic cylinder respectively.

[0050] Understandably, console 31 refers to an electronic control unit that integrates operating instructions. Specifically, it can be implemented using an operation panel with a programmable logic controller, used to send start signals (such as electrical signals) and coordinate the timing of actions of various execution components.

[0051] Specifically, the control console 31 synchronously controls the drilling speed of the drilling mechanism 4 via electrical signals, so that the drill bit 11 enters the soil layer at a constant rate, avoiding hole wall collapse due to power fluctuations. After the drill bit 11 reaches the target depth, the control console 31 sends commands to the ejection cylinder 141 and the support hydraulic cylinder, causing the support hydraulic cylinder to push the inclined baffle 111 to unfold, and the ejection cylinder 141 to push the collection head 12 out of the cavity. At this time, the soil cutting sampling component 122 begins to rotate and cuts and collects the soil sample. The collected soil sample can be temporarily stored in the soil sampling space until the collection work is completed. The control console 31 can then control the drilling mechanism 4 and the drilling rod 2 to drill out of the soil, and the inclined baffle 111 will unfold again and the collection head 12 will be moved out of the cavity. The soil sample in the soil sampling space will be pushed out by the electric push rod 1232 and the push plate 1231 of the detachment component, thereby completing the soil sample collection work.

[0052] The above specific embodiments further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., illustrated in the accompanying drawings of this specification are all schematic diagrams, intended only to complement the content disclosed in the specification and to facilitate understanding and reading by those skilled in the art. They are not intended to limit the conditions under which the invention can be implemented and therefore have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives achieved by the invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this invention. Furthermore, the directional terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and "middle" used in this specification are merely for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention's implementation.

Claims

1. A soil sampling device for soil and water conservation monitoring, the device comprising a sampling unit, characterized in that, The sampling unit includes a drilling head (11) and a collection head (12). The drilling head (11) has a cavity inside and is fitted onto the outside of the collection head (12). The bottom of the drilling head (11) is provided with a sloping baffle (111) for sealing the cavity and splicing together to form a conical part. A pushing mechanism is also provided between the sloping baffle (111) and the collection head (12). When the collection head (12) collects soil, it pushes the sloping baffle (111) to open through the pushing mechanism. The bottom of the sampling head (12) is recessed inward to form a receiving cavity (121), and a soil cutting sampling component (122) is rotatably provided in the receiving cavity (121) of the sampling head (12). The soil cutting sampling component (122) cuts and samples the soil by rotating.

2. The soil sampling device for soil and water conservation monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting sampling component includes a rotating rod (1221) located inside the receiving cavity (121), and a cutting disc (1222) spirally wound around the outside of the rotating rod (1221). The cutting disc (1222) forms a soil sampling space by spirally winding around the rotating rod (1221).

3. The soil sampling device for soil and water conservation monitoring according to claim 2, characterized in that, The soil sampling space is also equipped with a detachment component, which includes a push plate (1231) attached to the surface of the rotating rod (1221). The side of the push plate (1231) near the rotating rod (1221) is connected to an electric push rod (1232) embedded in the rotating rod (1221).

4. The soil sampling device for soil and water conservation monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the inclined baffle (111) is hinged to the bottom opening of the drill bit (11).

5. A soil sampling device for soil and water conservation monitoring according to claim 4, characterized in that, The pushing mechanism includes a supporting hydraulic rod (131) corresponding to the inclined baffle (111), and one end of the supporting hydraulic rod (131) is hinged to the collection head (12), while the other end is inclined downward in a direction away from the collection head (12) and hinged to the inside of the inclined baffle (111).

6. A soil sampling device for soil and water conservation monitoring according to claim 5, characterized in that, A piercing ridge (1111) is provided in the middle of the outer side of the inclined baffle (111) along its axial direction. The cross-section of the piercing ridge (1111) is triangular pyramidal, and its two sides smoothly transition to the two sides of the inclined baffle (111).

7. A soil sampling device for soil and water conservation monitoring according to claim 5, characterized in that, The acquisition head (12) slides into the cavity inside the drilling head (11). An ejection cylinder (141) is also provided between the upper part of the acquisition head (12) and the cavity inside the drilling head (11). The fixed end of the ejection cylinder (141) is connected to the cavity, and the actuating end of the ejection cylinder (141) is connected to the acquisition head (12).

8. A soil sampling device for soil and water conservation monitoring according to claim 7, characterized in that, The upper end of the sampling unit is also connected to a drilling rod (2), the bottom end of the drilling rod (2) is connected to the drilling head (11), and the top end of the drilling rod (2) is provided with a base (3). The base (3) and the drilling rod (2) are connected through a drilling mechanism (4), which is used to provide drilling power to the drilling rod (2).

9. A soil sampling device for soil and water conservation monitoring according to claim 8, characterized in that, The base (3) is also provided with a control console (31), which is connected to the electric push rod (1232), the drilling mechanism (4), the ejection cylinder (141) and the support hydraulic cylinder respectively.

Images