biological filter

Abstract

The application discloses a biofilter and relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, which comprises a filter body, an aeration pipe is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the filter body, a support frame is arranged around the aeration pipe, the support frame comprises vertical rods and horizontal rods which are fixedly connected with each other, the vertical rods are fixedly connected with the filter body, the top end of the horizontal rods is provided with a same biofilter membrane, a liquid outlet cabin is arranged on one side of the filter body, slag prevention pieces are rotatably connected to the two sides of the vertical rods, the slag prevention pieces comprise slag blocking shells and mounting plates which are fixedly connected with each other, gas flows out through the gas passing holes of the slag blocking shells, the slag blocking shells have a certain blocking effect on solid particles in waste gas, a pretreatment cabin and a prefiltering screen for pretreating waste gas are arranged on one side of the filter body, and the waste gas is treated for multiple times, so that the technical problem that solid particles in waste gas easily cause the biofilter membrane to be blocked and affect the filtering effect of the biofilter membrane on waste gas is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of wastewater treatment technology, specifically biological filters. Background Technology

[0002] A biofilter is a biological filtration system used in aquariums or ponds to treat organic waste and harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen in exhaust gases. It provides a biological environment for beneficial bacteria to grow and reproduce, converting harmful substances into harmless ones. The principle of a biofilter is to utilize bacteria for biodegradation and nitrogen cycling. Organic waste and ammonia nitrogen in the water are converted into harmless substances such as nitrite, nitrate, and nitrogen gas. These bacteria attach to the filter media through a biofilm, using the large surface area provided by the filter media as a base for growth and reproduction.

[0003] In existing technologies, with the use of biofilters, waste gas is introduced into the biofilter through pipes. The waste gas flows onto the filter media in the biofilter, where bacteria on the surface of the filter media convert the waste in the waste gas. However, in the above technical solutions, as the waste gas is introduced, solid particles in the waste gas will accumulate in the biofilter, causing fixed particles in the biofilter to gradually adhere to the biofilter membrane, which can easily cause the biofilter membrane to become clogged, thereby affecting the filtration effect of the biofilter membrane on the waste gas. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a biological filter that solves the problem that solid particulate matter in exhaust gas can easily clog the biological filter membrane, thus affecting the membrane's filtration efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a biological filter, including a filter body. An aeration pipe is fixedly installed at the bottom of the filter body. A support frame is provided around the aeration pipe. Multiple support frames are arranged along the axial direction of the aeration pipe. Each support frame includes vertical rods and horizontal rods fixedly connected to each other. The vertical rods are fixedly connected to the filter body. The top of the multiple horizontal rods is equipped with the same biological filter membrane. A liquid outlet chamber is provided on one side of the filter body. Anti-slag components are rotatably connected to both sides of the vertical rods. The anti-slag components include a slag-blocking shell and a mounting plate fixedly connected to each other. The slag-blocking shell has air passage holes corresponding to the gas ejection positions on the aeration pipe. The mounting plate is rotatably connected to the vertical rod located at one end.

[0006] Preferably, the interior of the slag-blocking shell is provided with a filling component, which includes a filter plate and an air filter that are fixedly connected to each other, and the air filter is connected to the corresponding vertical rod.

[0007] Preferably, the slag-blocking shell is L-shaped and open on all four sides.

[0008] Preferably, a cleaning chamber is provided at one end of the filter body, and a cleaning pipe is fixedly installed at the junction of the filter body and the cleaning chamber.

[0009] Preferably, a side frame is fixedly installed on one side of the air vent, and a positioning shaft is fixedly installed on one side of the side frame, with the positioning shaft moving relative to the vertical rod.

[0010] Preferably, the end of the side frame furthest from the air vent is bent outwards.

[0011] Preferably, a float is fixedly connected to the end of the side frame.

[0012] Preferably, a hanging strip that contacts the filter plate and the air filter is fixedly connected to one side of the slag-blocking shell.

[0013] Preferably, a deformable baffle is fixedly installed at the periphery of the cleaning pipe.

[0014] Preferably, a pretreatment chamber is also provided on one side of the filter body, a pre-filter screen is fixedly installed in the pretreatment chamber, and the aeration pipe is connected to the pretreatment chamber.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] By installing anti-slag components, including a slag-blocking shell and a mounting plate that are fixedly connected to each other, the slag-blocking shell has air passage holes corresponding to the gas ejection positions on the aeration pipe. The waste gas passes through the slag-blocking shell, which blocks solid particles in the waste gas to a certain extent, reducing the floating of solid particles. The waste gas flows from the air passage holes to the biological filter membrane. A filter plate and an air passage net are installed inside the slag-blocking shell. The air passage net can disperse the waste gas, and the filter plate can filter the fixed particles in the waste gas, further reducing the amount of fixed particles in the waste gas. At the same time, a pretreatment chamber and a pre-filter screen for pre-treatment of waste gas are set on one side of the filter body. By treating the waste gas multiple times, the risk of clogging of the biological filter membrane is greatly reduced.

[0017] A float installed at one end of the side frame lifts the side frame and air filter using its own buoyancy, bringing them into contact with the slag-blocking shell. The slag-blocking shell and the side frame rotate and move with their corresponding vertical rods. When exhaust gas passes through the float and air filter, the float sways with the water flow, and the swaying of the air filter promotes the collision of exhaust gas, making the bubbles smaller and the fixed particles more easily blocked at the filter plate and air filter, thus improving the blocking effect. At the same time, the hanging strips scrape the fixed particles adhering to the surface of the filter plate and air filter, improving the exhaust gas passage capacity.

[0018] When the filter body needs to be backwashed by gravity, the water flow penetrates the biological filter membrane and impacts the slag-blocking shell. The slag-blocking shell rotates under pressure and is relatively misaligned with the filter plate and the air screen. The hanging strips have a scraping effect on the filter plate and the air screen, causing the fixed particles on the filter plate and the air screen to fall off and flow towards the top of the inclined slag-blocking shell. After the fixed particles flow out from the top of the slag-blocking shell, they are discharged into the cleaning chamber through the cleaning pipe. The flip-up baffle has a shielding effect between the top of the slag-blocking shell and the cleaning pipe, which further improves the cleaning effect of the fixed particles. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the prior art and embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the biological filter of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the filter body of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram showing the combination of the aeration pipe, support frame, and anti-slag component of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the anti-slag component of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the slag-blocking shell of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the support frame and biofiltration membrane of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the filler component of the present invention.

[0028] The labels in the diagram represent: 1. Filter body; 2. Cleaning chamber; 3. Effluent chamber; 4. Biofilm; 5. Pretreatment chamber; 6. Pre-filter screen; 7. Aeration pipe; 8. Support frame; 9. Slag-proof component; 10. Cleaning pipe; 11. Baffle; 12. Slag-proof shell; 13. Air passage hole; 14. Filler; 15. Positioning shaft; 16. Mounting plate; 17. Hanging strip; 18. Vertical rod; 19. Horizontal rod; 20. Through hole; 21. Filter plate; 22. Side frame; 23. Float; 24. Air passage screen. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0030] Please refer to the details. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, the biological filter includes a filter body 1. Multiple aeration pipes 7 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the filter body 1, and adjacent aeration pipes 7 are equidistantly distributed. A support frame 8 is provided between adjacent aeration pipes 7, and the support frame 8 is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the filter body 1. Multiple support frames 8 are arranged along the axial direction of the aeration pipes 7. Each support frame 8 includes vertical rods 18 and horizontal rods 19 fixedly connected to each other. The vertical rods 18 are fixedly connected to the filter body 1, and the top of the multiple horizontal rods 19 is equipped with the same biological filter membrane 4. The biological filter membrane 4 uses a biological filter membrane... The biological filler uses a special high-efficiency mixed filler, such as volcanic rock, bamboo charcoal, bark, limestone, and organic fertilizer. It has good permeability and structural stability, which can effectively prevent the compression and acidification of the biological filler and provide the best environment for microbial growth. A liquid outlet chamber 3 is set on one side of the filter body 1 and is connected to the liquid outlet chamber 3 through an opening. When in use, the waste gas is sprayed into the filter body 1 through the aeration pipe 7. The waste gas rises from the water in the filter body 1 and is biodegraded through the biological filter membrane 4. The degraded water flows into the liquid outlet chamber 3 to achieve the treatment of waste gas.

[0031] As one implementation method in this embodiment, such as Figures 2-7As shown, anti-slag components 9 are rotatably connected to both sides of the vertical rod 18. The anti-slag components 9 include a slag-blocking shell 12 and an installation plate 16 that are fixedly connected to each other. The slag-blocking shell 12 is L-shaped and open on all four sides. The installation plate 16 is located at one end of the slag-blocking shell 12. The slag-blocking shell 12 has an air passage hole 13 corresponding to the gas ejection position on the aeration pipe 7. The gas passes through the slag-blocking shell 12 and through the air passage hole 13 into the biological filter membrane 4. The horizontal rod 19 has a through hole 20, which provides space for the rising exhaust gas. The installation plate 16 is rotatably connected to the vertical rod 18 located at the end. A cleaning chamber 2 is provided at one end of the filter body 1. A cleaning pipe 10 is fixedly installed at the junction of the filter body 1 and the cleaning chamber 2. The cleaning pipe 10 is located at the end of the filter body 1 facing the slag-blocking shell 12. The exhaust gas passes through the slag-blocking shell 12. The slag-blocking shell 12 plays a certain role in blocking the solid particles in the exhaust gas, reducing the floating of solid particles in the exhaust gas, and reducing the clogging of the biological filter membrane 4.

[0032] As one implementation method in this embodiment, such as Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, in order to improve the blocking effect of the slag-blocking shell 12 on fixed particles in the exhaust gas, a filling component 14 is provided inside the slag-blocking shell 12. The filling component 14 includes a filter plate 21 and an air-passing net 24 that are fixedly connected to each other. The filter plate 21 and the air-passing net 24 are both close to the inner wall of the slag-blocking shell 12. When the exhaust gas rises from the aeration pipe 7, the exhaust gas first comes into contact with the air-passing net 24. The air-passing net 24 can disperse the exhaust gas. The filter plate 21 can filter the fixed particles in the exhaust gas. The exhaust gas passing through the filter plate 21 will flow from the air-passing hole 13 to the biological filter membrane 4, thereby blocking the fixed particles at the slag-blocking shell 12 and reducing the risk of the fixed particles clogging the biological filter membrane 4.

[0033] As one implementation method in this embodiment, such as Figure 2 and Figures 5-8As shown, a side frame 22 is fixedly installed on one side of the air filter 24, and a positioning shaft 15 is fixedly installed on one side of the side frame 22. The positioning shaft 15 is rotatably connected to the vertical rod 18. The positioning shaft 15 and the vertical rod 18 adjacent to the end rotate relative to each other, that is, the rotation points of the positioning shaft 15 and the slag-blocking shell 12 are different. In order to improve the effect of the filling part 14 in blocking and fixing particles, the end of the side frame 22 away from the air filter 24 is bent outward and fixedly connected to a float 23. The side frame 22 is used to guide the exhaust gas and reduce the exhaust gas leakage from the side. The float 23 is located in the filter body 1. It drives the side frame 22 and the air filter 24 to rise through its own buoyancy and is in contact with the slag-blocking shell 12. When the exhaust gas in the aeration pipe 7 rises, the exhaust gas will accelerate the water flow near the float 23 and pass through... The air filter 24, filter plate 21, and air vents 13 lead to the biofilm 4. During this process, the float 23 will gradually sway due to the influence of the exhaust gas. The swaying of the float 23 will cause the filter plate 21, side frame 22, and air filter 24 to sway. The swaying of the air filter 24 will promote the collision of exhaust gas, making the bubbles smaller and the fixed particles easier to block at the filter plate 21 and air filter 24, thus improving the blocking effect. A hanging strip 17 is fixedly connected to one side of the slag-blocking shell 12, which contacts the filter plate 21 and air filter 24. When the filter plate 21, side frame 22, and air filter 24 sway, the filter plate 21 and air filter 24 will contact the corresponding hanging strip 17. The hanging strip 17 will scrape the fixed particles adhering to the surface of the filter plate 21 and air filter 24, thereby improving the exhaust gas passage capacity.

[0034] As one implementation method in this embodiment, such as Figures 1-3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 8As shown, when gravity backwashing of the biofilter membrane 4 is required, the process is as follows: First, liquid penetrates the biofilter membrane 4 from the top and impacts the slag-blocking shell 12. The slag-blocking shell 12 rotates gradually under pressure, causing one end of the shell to lift up. The rotation of the shell 12 squeezes the filter plate 21, causing the filter plate 21, the air filter 24, and the side frame 22 to rotate via the positioning shaft 15. To increase the contact area between the side frame 22 and the slag-blocking shell 12, a straight groove is provided on the vertical rod 18 that slides relative to the positioning shaft 15. That is, after the slag-blocking shell 12 presses against the filter plate 21, the filter plate 21, the side frame 22, and the air filter 24 rotate via the positioning shaft 15 and simultaneously move downwards along the straight groove on the corresponding vertical rod 18, thus blocking the slag. The shell 12 is relatively misaligned with the filter plate 21 and the air filter 24. The hanging strip 17 scrapes against the filter plate 21 and the air filter 24, causing the fixed particles on the filter plate 21 and the air filter 24 to fall off and flow towards the top of the inclined slag-blocking shell 12. After the fixed particles flow out from the top of the slag-blocking shell 12, they are discharged into the cleaning chamber 2 through the cleaning pipe 10. In order to improve the cleaning effect of the fixed particles, a baffle 11 is fixedly installed on the periphery of the cleaning pipe 10. When one end of the slag-blocking shell 12 is tilted up, the top of the slag-blocking shell 12 pushes against the baffle 11, and the middle of the baffle 11 bends, so that the fixed particles are blocked by the inclined baffle 11, making it easier to pull them out from the cleaning pipe 10, thus improving the extraction effect of the fixed particles.

[0035] As one implementation method in this embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, to improve the treatment effect on fixed particulate matter in the exhaust gas, a pretreatment chamber 5 is also provided on one side of the filter body 1. A pre-filter 6 is fixedly installed in the pretreatment chamber 5, and an aeration pipe 7 is connected to the pretreatment chamber 5. The pretreatment chamber 5 is used to remove solid pollutants from the exhaust gas and regulate the temperature and humidity of the exhaust gas. As an effective buffer, it reduces the peak value of high-concentration pollution load.

[0036] As one embodiment of this example, water pumps (not shown in the figure) are installed on both the aeration pipe 7 and the cleaning pipe 10. The filtered water in the cleaning chamber 2 can be pumped back into the filter body 1. A spray system (not shown in the figure) can also be installed in the filter body 1. The spray system is controlled by an automatic control system and sprays intermittently according to the actual situation to keep the packing material at a constant humidity and create an environment conducive to the growth of microorganisms.

[0037] The working principle of this invention is as follows: In use, waste gas is first introduced into the pretreatment chamber 5 through a pipeline. The pre-filter 6 is used to reduce the peak value of high-concentration pollution loads and simultaneously regulate the temperature and humidity of the waste gas. The pre-treated waste gas then flows into the filter body 1 through the aeration pipe 7. The waste gas flows out from the holes on the surface of the aeration pipe 7 and comes into contact with the air filter 24. Simultaneously, the waste gas accelerates the water flow near the float 23, causing the float 23 to sway. The float 23 drives the side frame 22, the air filter 24, and the filter plate 21 to sway, and the waste gas passes through the air filter 24. 4. The filter plate 21 and the air passage 13 lead into the bio-filter membrane 4. The shaking of the air passage 24 promotes the collision of exhaust gas, making the bubbles smaller and the fixed particles more easily blocked at the filter plate 21 and the air passage 24, thus improving the blocking effect. At the same time, the hanging strip 17 will also scrape the surface of the filter plate 21 and the air passage 24, reducing the adsorption of fixed particles on the filter plate 21 and the air passage 24, and improving the exhaust gas passage capacity. Through multiple treatments of fixed particles in the exhaust gas, the risk of clogging of the bio-filter membrane 4 is effectively reduced.

[0038] As fixed particles accumulate inside the filter body 1, gravity backwashing of the filter body 1 is required. Liquid penetrates the biological filter membrane 4 from the top and impacts the slag-blocking shell 12. Water located below the biological filter membrane 4 is pumped into the cleaning chamber 2 via the cleaning pipe 10. The rotation of the slag-blocking shell 12 compresses the filter plate 21, causing the filter plate 21, the air filter 24, and the side frame 22 to rotate via the positioning shaft 15. 5 rotates and moves down along the straight groove opened on the corresponding vertical rod 18. The slag-blocking shell 12 is relatively misaligned with the filter plate 21 and the air-passing net 24. The hanging strip 17 scrapes against the filter plate 21 and the air-passing net 24, causing the fixed particles on the filter plate 21 and the air-passing net 24 to fall off and flow towards the top of the inclined slag-blocking shell 12. After the fixed particles flow out from the top of the slag-blocking shell 12, they are discharged into the cleaning chamber 2 through the cleaning pipe 10, which improves the cleaning effect on the fixed particles in the filter body 1.

[0039] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A biological filter, characterized in that, include: A filter body (1) is provided, with an aeration pipe (7) fixedly installed at the bottom end of the filter body (1). A support frame (8) is provided around the aeration pipe (7). Multiple support frames (8) are arranged along the axial direction of the aeration pipe (7). Each support frame (8) includes vertical rods (18) and horizontal rods (19) fixedly connected to each other. The vertical rods (18) are fixedly connected to the filter body (1). The top of each of the multiple horizontal rods (19) is equipped with the same... The filter membrane (4) has an outlet chamber (3) on one side of the filter body (1). Both sides of the vertical rod (18) are rotatably connected to anti-slag components (9). The anti-slag component (9) includes a slag-blocking shell (12) and an mounting plate (16) that are fixedly connected to each other. The slag-blocking shell (12) has an air passage hole (13) that corresponds to the gas ejection position on the aeration pipe (7). The mounting plate (16) is rotatably connected to the vertical rod (18) located at one end.

2. The biological filter as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The slag-blocking shell (12) is provided with a filling member (14) inside. The filling member (14) includes a filter plate (21) and an air filter (24) that are fixedly connected to each other. The air filter (24) is connected to the corresponding vertical rod (18).

3. The biological filter as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The slag-blocking shell (12) is L-shaped and open on all four sides.

4. The biological filter as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A cleaning chamber (2) is provided at one end of the filter body (1), and a cleaning pipe (10) is fixedly installed at the junction of the filter body (1) and the cleaning chamber (2).

5. The biological filter as described in claim 2, characterized in that, A side frame (22) is fixedly installed on one side of the air vent (24), and a positioning shaft (15) is fixedly installed on one side of the side frame (22). The positioning shaft (15) moves relative to the vertical rod (18).

6. The biological filter as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The side frame (22) is bent outward at the end away from the air vent (24).

7. The biological filter as described in claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, A float (23) is fixedly connected to the end of the side frame (22).

8. The biological filter as described in claim 2, characterized in that, A hanging strip (17) is fixedly connected to one side of the slag-blocking shell (12) and contacts the filter plate (21) and the air filter (24).

9. The biological filter as described in claim 4, characterized in that, A deformable baffle (11) is fixedly installed at the periphery of the cleaning pipe (10).

10. The biological filter as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A pretreatment chamber (5) is also provided on one side of the filter body (1). A pre-filter (6) is fixedly installed in the pretreatment chamber (5), and the aeration pipe (7) is connected to the pretreatment chamber (5).

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