Potential slip plane high slope treatment construction method

Abstract

The invention provides a potential slip plane high slope treatment construction method, which relates to the technical field of slope treatment and comprises the steps of anchor rod construction, lattice beam construction, slope surface closing and earth surface drainage construction, shallow layer and internal drainage construction, deep layer drainage construction, ecological protection and the like. The problems of heavy support, light drainage and lack of ecology in the traditional technology can be solved, and long-term stability of the side slope is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of slope treatment technology, specifically a construction method for treating high slopes with potential slip surfaces. Background Technology

[0002] A high slope with a potential slip surface is an extremely dangerous unstable body. Under natural conditions, its shear strength can maintain equilibrium, but once it is strongly disturbed by external factors, the equilibrium is broken. The slope treatment design and construction stages face three major challenges: First, abnormal weather precipitation acts as a catalyst for slope instability. The infiltration of heavy rainfall significantly increases the weight of the landslide mass and softens the soil and rock mass at the potential sliding surface, causing a sharp decrease in its shear strength and internal friction angle, thus making it extremely easy to trigger catastrophic landslides.

[0003] Secondly, the slope treatment construction activities themselves, such as excavation, drilling, and vibration, directly disturb the stability of the slope. Carrying out construction in areas with potential slip surfaces is like working next to a "powder keg." The longer the construction period, the greater the probability of encountering rainfall, and the difficulty and danger increase exponentially.

[0004] Third, traditional techniques neglect ecological restoration, leaving the slopes bare after treatment, which can easily lead to soil erosion and poor coordination with the surrounding environment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the aforementioned existing technologies, this invention proposes a construction method for treating high slopes with potential slip surfaces. It constructs a three-tiered collaborative treatment system consisting of anchor bolts, lattice beams, three-dimensional drainage, and ecological protection. Its core innovation lies in the two core aspects of anti-slip and drainage, supplemented by necessary slope protection and ecological measures. This approach not only considers ecological restoration but also addresses the pain points of treating high slopes with potential slip surfaces.

[0006] The present invention provides a construction method for treating high slopes with potential slip surfaces, comprising the following steps: Step 1, Anchor Bolt Construction: Accurately lay out and mark the hole positions according to the design drawings; Drill holes to a depth exceeding the potential slip surface and entering stable rock layers, with an anchoring section length ≥ 3.0m; Insert the prepared anchor bolts into the holes; Pour cement mortar into the holes; Step 2, Construction of the lattice beam: Excavate the foundation trench along the design axis of the lattice beam, and lay a concrete cushion layer at the bottom of the foundation trench; install the formwork, tie the reinforcing bars, and weld the exposed ends of the longitudinal reinforcing bars to the anchor rods during the tying process; pour the concrete, and cure it after pouring, with a curing period of ≥7 days; Step 3, Slope Closure and Surface Drainage Construction: After the grid beam construction is completed, spray concrete is applied to the central area to seal it with a thickness of not less than 80mm; drainage ditches are set up in a horizontal and vertical arrangement at the top of the slope, the toe of the slope, and the grading platform. Step 4, shallow and internal drainage construction: On the shotcrete surface and the back of the lattice beam, filter pipes with a diameter of 50-100mm are installed at intervals of 3-5m as drainage holes; on the lower part of the lattice beam and the shotcrete surface, multiple shallow blind ditches are installed along the transverse and longitudinal directions of the slope. Step 5, Deep Drainage Construction: At the toe of the slope, drive multiple deep drainage pipes, each 20-30m long, vertically into the slope. Step 6, Ecological Protection: Install plant climbing supports on the upper part of the lattice beams; plant climbing plants at the foot of the slope.

[0007] Preferably, in step 1, the aperture is 110 mm and the incident angle is 20°.

[0008] Preferably, in step 1, HRB400 grade high-strength threaded steel bars are used as anchor rods.

[0009] Preferably, in step 1, cement mortar is injected into the hole using the bottom-of-hole grouting method.

[0010] Preferably, in step 2, the template is made of bamboo plywood and supported by Φ48mm steel pipes, with a verticality deviation of ≤3mm / m.

[0011] Preferably, in step 4, geotextile is wrapped around the back of the filter pipe.

[0012] Preferably, in step 4, the shallow blind ditch is filled with graded crushed stone, with a perforated drainage pipe in the middle and wrapped with geotextile on the outside, for collecting and draining seepage water from deeper inside the slope.

[0013] Preferably, in step 5, the deep drainage pipe is a PVC or HDPE perforated pipe with a diameter of 100mm, with dense water inlet holes drilled in the middle of the pipe wall, and the outside is wrapped with multiple layers of geotextile filter cloth.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides a construction method for treating high slopes with potential slip surfaces, constructing a three-tiered synergistic treatment system of anchor bolts, grid beams, three-dimensional drainage, and ecological protection. Its core innovation lies in anti-slip and drainage, supplemented by necessary slope protection and ecological measures, which not only takes into account ecological restoration but also solves the pain points of treating high slopes with potential slip surfaces, as detailed below: I. First Stage – Construction of the Anti-slide Support System (Core Reinforcement Stage): The anchor-grid beam system is the core component resisting landslide thrust, acting as a skeleton to anchor unstable soil and rock masses into deep stable rock layers; the grid beam, as the connecting carrier of the anchor bolts, can transform the dispersed anchor bolt tension into overall support force, while restraining the deformation of the surface soil of the slope.

[0015] Second-stage – Construction of a three-dimensional drainage system (stability assurance stage): Rainwater infiltration is a catalyst for potential slip surface instability. A three-dimensional drainage system consisting of slope drainage, shallow blind drains, and deep drainage is constructed to drain water from the slope soil and rock strata.

[0016] Third, third-stage ecological protection system layout (aesthetic and long-term stability stage): In order to achieve ecological restoration and aesthetics of the slope, ecological protection is added on the basis of engineering support.

[0017] This invention, through innovative processes and design, effectively solves the problems of traditional technologies that emphasize support but neglect drainage and ecological restoration by integrating anchor bolts, lattice beams, three-dimensional drainage, and ecological protection, along with the synergistic effect of anti-slide support, drainage, and ecological restoration. This achieves long-term slope stability. The core of this invention lies in: anchor bolts penetrating the sliding surface to provide anti-slide force; lattice beams forming an integrated support system; a three-dimensional drainage system draining water; and ecological protection assisting in stability and beautifying the environment. These four elements work together to ensure slope safety. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the lattice beam in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the slope drainage ditch in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a construction schematic diagram of the treatment of high slopes with potential slip surfaces in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] In the diagram, 1. Potential slip surface; 2. Anchor bolt; 3. Lattice beam; 4. Shotcrete; 5. Slope drainage ditch; 6. Slope toe collection ditch; 7. Drainage hole; 8. Shallow blind ditch; 9. Deep drainage pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0023] Example: Figure 1-3 The method for treating a high slope with a potential slip surface, as shown, includes the following steps: Step 1, Anchor Bolt Construction: Accurately lay out the hole positions according to the design drawings and mark them with wooden stakes or paint; use a down-the-hole drill or similar equipment to drill holes, strictly controlling the drilling parameters: hole diameter 110mm, incident angle 20°, drilling depth exceeding the potential slip surface 1 and entering stable rock strata, anchoring section length ≥ 3.0m; after drilling, use high-pressure air to blow away rock powder and debris from the hole; use HRB400 grade high-strength threaded steel bars as anchor bolts 2, ensuring anchor bolts 2 are straight, rust-free, and cleaned, and installed every 1.5m along their entire length. A centering support is set at -2.0m to ensure that anchor rod 2 is located in the center of the hole and to ensure the thickness of the mortar protective layer. The prepared anchor rod 2 is then smoothly and slowly inserted into the hole. M30 cement mortar is injected into the hole using the bottom-return grouting method. The cement mortar is mixed evenly and used immediately to prevent segregation. The grouting pipe is inserted to a distance of 50-100mm from the bottom of the hole and then slowly and evenly pulled out as the grout is injected to ensure that the grout in the hole is full and free of voids. The grouting pressure is 0.5-1.0MPa. The grouting can only be stopped after fresh grout overflows from the hole opening.

[0024] Step 2, Construction of the lattice beam: Excavate the foundation trench along the design axis of the lattice beam 3, and lay a concrete cushion layer at the bottom of the foundation trench; install the formwork, which is made of bamboo plywood and supported by Φ48mm steel pipes, ensuring that the verticality deviation of the formwork is ≤3mm / m; tie the reinforcing bars, and weld the longitudinal reinforcing bars to the exposed ends of the anchor rods 2 during the tying process, with a stirrup spacing of 200mm, and inspect after the binding is firm; use pumped concrete to pour, vibrate and compact it, and cover it with geotextile and water it for curing, with a curing period of ≥7 days.

[0025] Step 3, Slope Closure and Surface Drainage Construction: After the grid beam 3 is completed, the central area is sealed with shotcrete 4 with a thickness of not less than 80mm. This not only enhances the overall integrity of the slope, but more importantly, it effectively prevents surface rainwater from directly infiltrating the slope. Complete horizontal and vertically arranged multi-channel slope drainage ditches 5 are set up at the top, bottom, and grading platforms of the slope. The slope drainage ditches 5 are made of precast or cast-in-place concrete, and the cross-sectional dimensions are determined according to the catchment area to ensure that the slope water can be quickly led to the slope bottom collection ditch 6 and discharged into the natural water system or municipal pipe network.

[0026] Step 4, Shallow and Internal Drainage Construction: On the shotcrete surface layer and the back of the lattice beam 3, PVC filter pipes with a diameter of 50-100mm are installed at intervals of 3-5m as drainage holes 7. The filter pipes are covered with geotextile to prevent clogging and effectively drain shallow water from the slope. At the bottom 1m of the lattice beam 3 and the shotcrete surface layer, multiple shallow blind drains 8 are installed along the transverse and longitudinal directions of the slope. The shallow blind drains 8 are filled with graded crushed stone and have perforated drainage pipes in the middle. The drains are covered with geotextile to collect and drain seepage water from deeper inside the slope, ensuring that there is no large amount of water accumulation in the slope soil and that it tends to be in a self-stable state.

[0027] Step 5, Deep Drainage Construction: At the toe of the slope, multiple deep drainage pipes 9, each 20-30m long and spaced 4m apart, are driven vertically into the slope. The deep drainage pipes 9 are made of 100mm diameter PVC or HDPE perforated pipes with densely drilled water inlet holes in the middle of the pipe wall, and are wrapped with multiple layers of geotextile filter cloth. Their function is to penetrate potential slip surfaces or aquifers, directly drain the stagnant water in the deep rock strata of the slope, significantly reduce the groundwater level and pore water pressure near the slip zone, and fundamentally improve the slope's anti-slip stability. At the same time, this measure, combined with the blind ditch system, collects water accumulated in the upper and lower parts of the slope, forming a complete three-dimensional drainage network.

[0028] Step 6, Ecological Protection: To achieve ecological restoration and aesthetics of the slope, ecological protection is added to the engineering support system, incorporating ecological concepts. A galvanized steel wire rope mesh is laid on top of the lattice beam 3, with the mesh stretched and fixed from the slope foot to the top. The ends of the wire rope are welded to the embedded parts of the lattice beam to form a plant climbing support. Climbing plants such as Virginia creeper and ivy are planted at the slope foot and regularly watered. The plants can climb along the wire rope mesh to cover the slope surface, achieving a green coverage rate of over 80% after 6 months. After the plants grow, their root systems can reinforce the soil, while the dense foliage covers the slope surface, reducing rainwater erosion and temperature differences. The climbing plants, climbing along the wire rope mesh, ultimately form a green barrier, greatly beautifying the project's appearance and restoring the natural ecological landscape.

[0029] In this embodiment, the anchor-grid beam system is the core component resisting landslide thrust, acting as a skeleton to anchor unstable soil and rock masses into deep, stable rock layers. Furthermore, the grid beam 3 serves as the connecting carrier for the anchor bolts 2, converting dispersed anchor tension into overall support force while constraining surface soil deformation. In addition, rainwater infiltration is a catalyst for potential slip surface instability; this embodiment constructs a three-dimensional system of slope drainage, shallow blind drains, and deep drainage, effectively draining water from the slope soil and rock layers.

[0030] The above are merely embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent solutions made using the contents of the present invention specification, whether directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are similarly within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A potential sliding surface high slope treatment construction method, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step 1, anchor rod construction: accurately lay out hole positions according to design drawings and mark; drill a hole, the drilling depth exceeds the potential sliding surface and enters the stable rock stratum, the anchoring segment length is greater than or equal to 3.0 m, and the prepared anchor rod is sent into the hole; cement mortar is poured into the hole; Step 2, lattice beam construction: excavate a base groove along the design axis of the lattice beam, lay a concrete cushion at the bottom of the base groove; install a formwork, bind steel bars, and weld the longitudinal steel bars with the exposed end of the anchor rod during the binding process; pour concrete, maintain after pouring, and the maintenance period is greater than or equal to 7 days; Step 3, slope surface sealing and surface drainage construction: after the lattice beam construction is completed, the middle region is subjected to shotcrete sealing treatment, and the thickness is not less than 80 mm; transverse and longitudinal drainage ditches are arranged at the top, bottom and stepped platforms of the slope; Step 4, shallow and internal drainage construction: filter pipes with a diameter of 50-100 mm are arranged as water discharge holes at an interval of 3-5 m on the shotcrete surface layer and the back of the lattice beam; a plurality of shallow blind trenches are arranged transversely and longitudinally under the lattice beam and the shotcrete surface layer; Step 5, deep layer drainage construction: a plurality of deep layer drainage pipes with a length of 20-30 m are vertically punched into the slope bottom; Step 6, ecological protection: plant climbing supports are arranged on the upper part of the lattice beam; and climbing plants are planted at the slope bottom.

2. The potential sliding surface high slope treatment construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1, the hole diameter is 110 mm, and the incident angle is 20°.

3. The potential sliding surface high slope treatment construction method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by, In step 1, HRB400 high-strength threaded steel bars are used as the anchor rods.

4. The potential sliding surface high slope treatment construction method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by, In step 1, the hole is poured with cement mortar by using the hole bottom back slurry method.

5. The potential sliding surface high slope treatment construction method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by, In step 2, the formwork uses bamboo plywood, is supported by Φ48 mm steel pipes, and the verticality deviation of the formwork is less than or equal to 3 mm / m.

6. The potential slip surface high slope treatment construction method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by, In step 4, geotextiles are wrapped behind the filter pipes.

7. The potential sliding surface high slope treatment construction method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by, In step 4, the shallow blind trenches are filled with graded gravel, the middle part is provided with a drainage pipe with holes, and the outside is wrapped with geotextiles, which are used to collect and discharge seepage water in the deeper part of the slope.

8. The potential sliding surface high slope treatment construction method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by, In step 5, the deep layer drainage pipes use PVC or HDPE flower pipes with a diameter of 100 mm, the middle part of the pipe wall is drilled with dense water inlet flower holes, and the outside is wrapped with multiple layers of geotextiles.

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