Small cabbage harvester

Abstract

This invention relates to a small-scale cabbage harvester, belonging to the field of agricultural machinery technology. The conveying system includes a conveyor transmission mechanism and two conveyor belt mechanisms. The overall frame is inclined, with a lower front and higher rear. A walking system is installed below the frame. The two conveyor belt mechanisms are symmetrically arranged and fixed to the front of the frame, both connected to the conveyor transmission mechanism, which is fixed to the frame and located behind the two conveyor belt mechanisms. Two pull shovels are connected and fixed to the frame, located in front of the conveyor belts of the two conveyor belt mechanisms. The cutting system is located below the conveyor belts of the two conveyor belt mechanisms and is rotatably connected to the frame. The walking system, conveying system, and cutting system are all controlled by a controller installed at the rear of the frame. The cutting system has an automatic adjustment function, and the conveying system has a flexible clamping function. Therefore, this small-scale cabbage harvester is particularly suitable for the automated harvesting of head-forming cabbages.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically relating to a small cabbage harvester. Background Technology

[0002] Cabbage harvesters are specialized crop harvesting machinery, requiring unique mechanical structure designs to accommodate the distinctive shape of cabbage. The various systems of a cabbage harvester include: a walking system, a cutting system, a conveying system, and a collection system. Currently, the cutting system primarily employs an active height adjustment mechanism, using a motor or hydraulic drive to adjust the blade position for precise cutting of the cabbage stalks. However, this design is relatively complex and struggles to achieve real-time height adjustment in challenging terrain. The conveying system mainly utilizes a double-helix design, consisting of a pair of counter-rotating helical rods that convey the cabbage through their reverse rotation. While this design is highly efficient, it lacks flexibility and can easily cause crushing damage to the cabbage. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a small cabbage harvester in order to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] The cutting system of the cabbage harvester of this invention comprises a linkage mechanism consisting of guide rods and hinge rods. This mechanism can automatically adjust the cutting height by controlling the contact between the cutting system wheels and the ground, allowing for real-time adjustment and precise cutting of the cabbage roots and stems. This mechanism has no power components and is simple and reliable in structure, making maintenance and repair easy. In the conveying system of the cabbage harvester, this invention proposes the use of a flexible clamping conveyor belt mechanism. This mechanism offers high conveying efficiency, while its flexible clamping minimizes damage to the cabbage. Therefore, this cabbage harvester can largely replace manual labor in miniaturized operations, enabling high-efficiency and high-quality cabbage harvesting.

[0005] In summary, the cutting system of the small cabbage harvester of the present invention has an automatic adjustment function, and the conveying system has a flexible clamping function. Therefore, the small cabbage harvester of the present invention is particularly suitable for the automated harvesting of head cabbage, has strong adaptability to terrain, high operating efficiency, low cabbage harvesting damage rate, and improves the quality of cabbage harvesting.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A small cabbage harvester includes a frame, controller, walking system, conveying system, cutting system, and two pull shovels. The conveying system includes a conveyor transmission mechanism and two conveyor belt mechanisms. The frame is inclined at the front and high at the rear. The walking system is installed under the frame. The two conveyor belt mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the left and right and fixed to the front of the frame. Both conveyor belt mechanisms are connected to the conveyor transmission mechanism, which is fixed to the frame and located behind the two conveyor belt mechanisms. The two pull shovels are respectively connected and fixed to the frame and located in front of the conveyor belts of the two conveyor belt mechanisms. The cutting system is located below the conveyor belts of the two conveyor belt mechanisms and is rotatably connected to the frame. The walking system, conveying system, and cutting system are controlled by a controller installed at the rear of the frame.

[0008] Furthermore, the walking system includes two front wheels and two rear wheels with built-in hub motors; the two front wheels are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the lower front of the frame, and the two rear wheels with built-in hub motors are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the lower rear of the frame.

[0009] Furthermore, the conveying transmission mechanism includes a housing, a conveying transmission mechanism motor, a transmission shaft, two driving bevel gears, two driven bevel gears, two transmission shaft sleeves, two gear sleeves, two gaskets, and two transmission supports. The two transmission supports are located on the left and right sides of the rear of the two conveyor belt mechanisms and are fixed to the vehicle frame. The conveying transmission mechanism motor is fixed to one of the transmission supports. The output shaft of the conveying transmission mechanism motor is coaxially and fixedly connected to one end of the transmission shaft. Both ends of the transmission shaft are rotatably connected to the transmission support via transmission shaft bearings. Two driving bevel gears are symmetrically fixedly mounted on the transmission shaft, and two transmission shaft sleeves are symmetrically fitted on the transmission shaft. The transmission shaft sleeves are located between the driving bevel gears and the transmission shaft... Between the bearings, two driving bevel gears mesh with their corresponding driven bevel gears. Gear bushings are fitted into the central holes of both driven bevel gears. The lower end of the gear bushing has a shoulder that abuts against the lower end face of the driven bevel gear. One end of the shaft of the driving pulley of the two conveyor belt mechanisms is fitted into its corresponding gear bushing. A shim is provided on the upper end face of both driven bevel gears. The shim is detachably and fixedly connected to the one end of the shaft of the driving pulley. A pulley shaft bushing is fitted onto one end of the shaft of the driving pulley. The pulley shaft bushing abuts against the annular boss provided on the gear bushing and one end of the shaft of the driving pulley. The drive shaft, the two driving bevel gears, the two driven bevel gears, and the two drive shaft bushings are all housed inside the housing.

[0010] Furthermore, each of the conveyor belt mechanisms includes a conveyor belt support, a conveyor belt, and a conveyor belt pulley assembly. The conveyor belt pulley assembly includes a driving pulley, a driven pulley, a conveyor belt, multiple transition pulleys, and multiple tensioning mechanisms. The driving pulley, driven pulley, and multiple transition pulleys are rotatably mounted on their respective axles. The two conveyor belt supports are symmetrically arranged left and right and fixedly mounted on the front of the vehicle frame. The two conveyor belt pulley assemblies are symmetrically arranged left and right. The driving pulley and driven pulley of each conveyor belt pulley assembly are located behind and in front of the conveyor belt support, respectively. The two ends of the axles of the driving pulley, driven pulley, and multiple transition pulleys are respectively connected and fixed to the conveyor belt support. The multiple transition pulleys are located between the driving pulley and the driven pulley. The multiple tensioning mechanisms are hinged to the conveyor belt support. The conveyor belt is attached to and wraps around the outside of the driving pulley, multiple transition pulleys, and driven pulleys, and is tensioned by the tensioning pulleys of the multiple tensioning mechanisms. The tensioning pulleys of the tensioning mechanisms are arranged adjacent to the longitudinal centerline of the vehicle frame. During the operation of the two conveyor belt mechanisms, the space between the two conveyor belts is used to clamp the cabbage.

[0011] Furthermore, each of the tensioning mechanisms includes a tensioning wheel, a tensioning wheel bracket, a spring, and a pressure rod; the pressure rod includes a pressure rod shaft and a pressure rod sleeve, one end of the pressure rod shaft is slidably disposed within one end of the pressure rod sleeve, the other end of the pressure rod sleeve is rotatably connected to the tensioning wheel bracket, the other end of the pressure rod shaft is rotatably connected to the conveyor belt bracket, a spring is fitted on the pressure rod, and both ends of the spring are respectively connected to bosses provided on the pressure rod shaft and the pressure rod sleeve, the tensioning wheel bracket is hinged to the conveyor belt bracket, the tensioning wheel is rotatably mounted on its axle, and both ends of the tensioning wheel axle are respectively connected and fixed to the tensioning wheel bracket.

[0012] Furthermore, the cutting system includes a cutting height adjustment mechanism and a cutting transmission mechanism; the cutting height adjustment mechanism includes a rotating bracket, two support columns, two guide rods, two hinge rods, and two cutting system wheels; the cutting transmission mechanism includes a cutting system motor, a motor mounting bracket, a cutting blade, a rotating shaft, and a transmission belt; the front center of the rotating bracket is rotatably connected to the frame, and a guide rod and a hinge rod are provided on each of the left and right sides of the rotating bracket, with the guide rod located above the hinge rod; a support column is fixed at each of the left and right ends of the motor mounting bracket, and the motor mounting bracket is located behind the rotating bracket; one end of the guide rod and the hinge rod are respectively hinged to the rotating bracket, the other end of the guide rod is slidably connected to the corresponding support column, and the other end of the hinge rod is rotatably connected to the horizontal shaft of the support column; the two cutting system wheels are respectively connected and fixed to the horizontal shafts of the two support columns; the cutting system motor is fixed on the motor mounting bracket; the cutting blade is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft; the rotating shaft rotates from bottom to top through the center hole of the motor mounting bracket; and the output shaft of the cutting system motor is connected to the rotating shaft via a transmission belt.

[0013] Furthermore, a collection box is placed on the frame, located below the ends of the two conveyor belts.

[0014] Furthermore, a battery is installed on the chassis, and the controller is installed on the left side of the handlebar. The battery is electrically connected to the controller, the cutting system motor, the conveyor transmission mechanism motor, and the two hub motors. The controller is equipped with four control switches: control switch one, control switch two, control switch three, and control switch four. Control switch one is electrically connected to the cutting system motor; control switch two is electrically connected to the conveyor transmission mechanism motor; control switch three is electrically connected to the two hub motors for synchronous control of the hub motors, enabling the harvester to reverse; and control switch four is electrically connected to the two hub motors for synchronous control of the hub motors, enabling the harvester to move forward.

[0015] The advantages of this invention over the prior art are:

[0016] 1. The cabbage harvester of the present invention employs a cutting height adjustment mechanism in its harvesting system and a flexible clamping conveyor belt mechanism in its conveying system. These mechanisms improve the cabbage harvester's adaptability to terrain, reduce energy consumption, and enhance its working efficiency and quality.

[0017] 2. The cabbage harvester of the present invention has a height adjustment mechanism consisting of a guide rod, a hinge rod, and a rotating support, forming a linkage mechanism. This linkage mechanism can automatically adjust the height by adjusting the appropriate cutting height through the contact between the wheels and the ground, enabling real-time adjustment of the cutting height to achieve precise cutting of the cabbage roots and stems. This mechanism does not require a power component, reducing energy consumption. Moreover, this mechanism is simple and reliable, with low maintenance costs and easy repair.

[0018] 3. The cabbage harvester of the present invention employs a flexible clamping conveyor belt mechanism (consisting of two symmetrically arranged conveyor belts) in its conveying system. This mechanism has high conveying efficiency, and its flexible clamping minimizes damage to the cabbage. Therefore, this cabbage harvester can maintain high efficiency in miniaturized operations while reducing cabbage harvesting damage and improving cabbage quality. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the small cabbage harvester of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a top view of the overall structure of the small cabbage harvester of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall working principle of the small cabbage harvester of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a top view schematic diagram of the conveyor belt mechanism;

[0023] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the tensioning mechanism;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the cutting system.

[0025] Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the conveyor transmission mechanism;

[0026] Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the tensioning mechanism;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting system.

[0028] Figure 10 This is an exploded view of the cutting system;

[0029] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the controller's control switches;

[0030] Figure 12 This is the controller control flowchart;

[0031] Figure 13 This is the front view of the conveyor transmission mechanism;

[0032] Figure 14 for Figure 13 The left view.

[0033] The component names and reference numerals in the above figures are as follows:

[0034] 1. Collection box; 2. Conveying transmission mechanism; 3. Conveyor belt mechanism; 4. Conveyor belt; 5. Pulling shovel; 6. Battery; 7. Front wheel; 8. Rear wheel; 9. Controller; 10. Hub motor; 11. Frame; 12. Housing; 13. Conveying transmission mechanism motor; 14. Drive shaft; 15. Driven bevel gear; 16. Drive shaft bushing; 17. Gear bushing; 18. Shim; 19. Transmission bracket; 20. Transmission shaft bearing; 21. Bearing cover; 22. End cover; 23. Drive pulley; 24. Pulley shaft bushing; 25. Conveyor belt bracket; 26. Driven pulley; 27. Transition pulley; 28. Tensioning mechanism; 29. ​​Tensioning wheel; 30. Tensioning wheel. 31. Bracket; 32. Spring; 33. Pressure rod; 34. Cutting height adjustment mechanism; 35. Cutting transmission mechanism; 36. Rotating bracket; 37. Support column; 38. Guide rod; 39. Hinge rod; 40. Cutting system wheel; 41. Cutting system motor; 42. Motor mounting bracket; 43. Cutting blade; 44. Rotating shaft; 45. Transmission belt; 46. Control switch one; 47. Control switch two; 48. Control switch three; 49. Control switch four; 50. Key; 51. Motor base; 52. Transmission pulley; 53. Cotter nut; 54. Cotter pin; 55. Shaft sleeve; 56. Rotating shaft bearing; 57. Rotating shaft bushing; 58. Pressure rod shaft; 59. Pressure rod sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0035] like Figures 1-4As shown, this embodiment describes a small cabbage harvester, including a frame 11, a controller 9, a walking system, a conveying system, a cutting system, and two pull shovels 5; the conveying system includes a conveying transmission mechanism 2 and two conveyor belt mechanisms 3; the frame 11 is inclined at a 15° angle (lower at the front and higher at the rear), the walking system is installed below the frame 11, the two conveyor belt mechanisms 3 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right and fixed (by screws) to the front of the frame 11, both conveyor belt mechanisms 3 are connected to the conveying transmission mechanism 2, the conveying transmission mechanism 2 is fixed (by screws) on the frame 11 and located behind the two conveyor belt mechanisms 3; the two pull shovels 5 are respectively (by bolts) connected and fixed to the frame 11 and located in front of the conveyor belts 4 of the two conveyor belt mechanisms 3, the cutting system is located below the conveyor belts 4 of the two conveyor belt mechanisms 3, and the cutting system is rotatably connected (by bolts) to the frame 11; the walking system, conveying system, and cutting system are controlled by the controller 9 (the walking system, conveying system, and cutting system are electrically connected to the controller 9), the controller 9 is installed on the rear of the frame 11.

[0036] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, the walking system includes two front wheels 7 and two rear wheels 8 with built-in hub motors 10; the two front wheels 7 are respectively (by bolts) fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the lower front of the frame 11, and the two rear wheels 8 with built-in hub motors 10 are respectively (by bolts) fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the lower rear of the frame 11 (the walking system enables the vehicle to complete forward and backward walking movements).

[0037] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 7 , Figure 13 and Figure 14As shown, the conveying transmission mechanism 2 includes a housing 12, a conveying transmission mechanism motor 13, a transmission shaft 14, two driving bevel gears 15, two driven bevel gears 16, two transmission shaft sleeves 17, two gear sleeves 18, two gaskets 19, and two transmission brackets 20. The two transmission brackets 20 are located on the left and right sides of the rear of the two conveyor belt mechanisms 3. The two transmission brackets 20 are fixed to the frame 11 (by bolts). The conveying transmission mechanism motor 13 is fixed to one of the transmission brackets 20 (by screws). The output shaft of the conveying transmission mechanism motor 13 is coaxially and fixedly connected to one end of the transmission shaft 14 (the conveying transmission mechanism motor 13 provides power to the transmission shaft 14, and the conveying transmission...). The drive mechanism motor 13 is a miniature DC gear motor. Both ends of the drive shaft 14 are rotatably connected to the drive bracket 20 via drive shaft bearings 21. (The upper end of the drive bracket 20 has a semi-circular groove, and the drive shaft bearings 21 are matched and installed within the semi-circular groove. Bearing covers 22 are mounted on the drive shaft bearings 21 and are fixedly connected to the upper end of the drive bracket 20 with screws, pressing and fixing the drive shaft bearings 21. An end cap 23 is fixedly installed on the outside of the bearing cover 22 with screws to prevent the drive shaft bearings 21 from being exposed.) Two symmetrically fixed drive bevel gears 15 are mounted on the drive shaft 14 (the two drive bevel gears 15 are fixedly connected to the drive shaft 14 via keys 50). Two drive shaft sleeves 17 are symmetrically mounted on shaft 14. The drive shaft sleeves 17 are located between the driving bevel gear 15 and the drive shaft bearing 21 (the driving bevel gear 15 is positioned by the drive shaft sleeves 17). The two driving bevel gears 15 mesh with their corresponding driven bevel gears 16. Gear sleeves 18 are fitted into the center holes of the two driven bevel gears 16. The lower end of the gear sleeve 18 has a shoulder that abuts against the lower end face of the driven bevel gear 16. One end of the shaft of the driving pulley 24 of the two conveyor belt mechanisms 3 is fitted into its corresponding gear sleeve 18. Shims 19 are provided on the upper end faces of the two driven bevel gears 16. The shims 19 are connected by screws. The drive shaft 14 is detachably and fixedly connected to the shaft end of the drive pulley 24. A pulley shaft sleeve 25 is fitted on the shaft end of the drive pulley 24. The pulley shaft sleeve 25 abuts against the gear sleeve 18 and the annular boss provided on the shaft end of the drive pulley 24. The drive shaft 14, two drive bevel gears 15, two driven bevel gears 16 and two drive shaft sleeves 17 are all set inside the housing 12 (the two ends of the housing 12 are attached to the two bearing covers 22, the lower end of the housing 12 is open, and the two ends of the housing 12 are coaxially provided with shaft holes. The drive shaft 14 rotates through the two shaft holes. The conveying transmission mechanism 2 is protected by the housing 12 to prevent the drive bevel gears 15 and driven bevel gears 16 from being exposed to the outside).

[0038] A miniature DC geared motor is used as the power source. The motor drives the transmission shaft 14, and the two active bevel gears 15 and two driven bevel gears 16 on the transmission shaft 14 mesh to realize the transmission of power by two active pulleys 24 driving two conveyor belts 4.

[0039] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 As shown, each of the conveyor belt mechanisms 3 includes a conveyor belt support 26, a conveyor belt 4, and a conveyor belt pulley assembly. The conveyor belt pulley assembly includes a driving pulley 24, a driven pulley 27, a conveyor belt 4, multiple transition pulleys 28, and multiple tensioning mechanisms 29. The driving pulley 24, the driven pulley 27, and the multiple transition pulleys 28 are all rotatably mounted on their respective axles. The two conveyor belt supports 26 are symmetrically arranged left and right and are respectively (by screws) fixed to the front of the frame 11. The two conveyor belt pulley assemblies are symmetrically arranged left and right. The driving pulley 24 and the driven pulley 27 of each conveyor belt pulley assembly are located behind and in front of the conveyor belt support 26, respectively. The axles of the driving pulley 24, the driven pulley 27, and the multiple transition pulleys 28 are located at both ends. The conveyor belt 4 is attached to the conveyor belt support 26 by bolts. Multiple transition pulleys 28 are located between the drive pulley 24 and the driven pulley 27. Multiple tensioning mechanisms 29 (preferably four tensioning mechanisms 29, arranged at equal intervals) are respectively (by bolts) hinged to the conveyor belt support 26 (allowing for relative rotational movement). The conveyor belt 4 is attached to and surrounds the drive pulley 24, multiple transition pulleys 28 and the driven pulley 27 (the conveyor belt 4 is supported by each pulley) and is tensioned by the tensioning wheels 30 of the multiple tensioning mechanisms 29. The tensioning wheels 30 of the tensioning mechanisms 29 are arranged adjacent to the longitudinal centerline of the frame 11. During the operation of the two conveyor belt mechanisms 3, the space between the two conveyor belts 4 is used to clamp the cabbage.

[0040] Working principle of the conveyor system:

[0041] The conveyor belts 4 are symmetrically distributed on both the left and right sides, and the distance between the two conveyor belts 4 is less than the average diameter of the harvested cabbage. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the two conveyor belts 4 are driven by the drive pulleys 24, and both move backward. When the cabbage enters the space between the two conveyor belts 4, the tensioning mechanism 29 contracts because the distance between the two conveyor belts 4 is less than the average diameter of the cabbage, firmly clamping the cabbage between the two conveyor belts 4. The backward movement of the two conveyor belts 4 causes the cabbage to move backward until it reaches the end of the conveyor belt 4 and falls into the collection box 1.

[0042] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 8As shown, each tensioning mechanism 29 includes a tensioning wheel 30, a tensioning wheel bracket 31, a spring 32, and a pressure rod 33. The pressure rod 33 includes a pressure rod shaft 58 and a pressure rod sleeve 59. One end of the pressure rod shaft 58 is slidably disposed within the pressure rod sleeve 59. The other end of the pressure rod sleeve 59 (via bolt or pin) is rotatably connected to the tensioning wheel bracket 31. The other end of the pressure rod shaft 58 (via bolt or pin) is rotatably connected to the conveyor belt bracket 26. A spring 32 is fitted on the pressure rod 33. Both ends of the spring 32 are respectively connected to the bosses provided on the pressure rod shaft 58 and the pressure rod sleeve 59. The tensioning wheel bracket 31 (via bolt) is hinged to the conveyor belt bracket 26. The tensioning wheel 30 is rotatably mounted on its axle. Both ends of the axle of the tensioning wheel 30 are respectively (via bolt) connected and fixed to the tensioning wheel bracket 31.

[0043] Working principle of tensioning mechanism 29:

[0044] The cabbage enters the conveyor belts 4 on both sides, and its own volume squeezes the conveyor belts 4, causing the tensioning mechanisms 29 on both sides to contract inward. For example... Figure 4 As shown, when the tensioning mechanism 29 retracts inward, the tensioning wheel bracket 31 rotates inward, and the spring 32 on the pressure rod 33 is compressed. When the cabbage moves away from the current position, the restoring force of the spring 32 causes the tensioning wheel bracket 31 to rotate outward and return to its original position, and the tensioning mechanism 29 is reset as a whole.

[0045] Furthermore, such as Figure 6 , Figure 9 , Figure 10As shown, the cutting system includes a cutting height adjustment mechanism 34 and a cutting transmission mechanism 35; the cutting height adjustment mechanism 34 includes a rotating bracket 36, two support columns 37, two guide rods 38, two hinge rods 39, and two cutting system wheels 40; the cutting transmission mechanism 35 includes a cutting system motor 41 (a miniature DC motor), a motor mounting bracket 42, a cutting blade 43, a rotating shaft 44, and a transmission belt 45; the front middle of the rotating bracket 36 is rotatably connected to the frame 11 (the front middle of the rotating bracket 36 is provided with a short shaft, and a short shaft bearing is mounted on the outside of the short shaft, which is mounted on the frame 11). Inside the corresponding shaft hole 2 on 1, the short shaft bearing is sealed by end cover 2, which is fixed to the frame 11 by screws. A guide rod 38 and a hinge rod 39 are provided on each of the left and right sides of the rotating bracket 36. The guide rod 38 is located above the hinge rod 39. A support column 37 is fixed to each of the left and right ends of the motor mounting bracket 42. The motor mounting bracket 42 is located behind the rotating bracket 36. One end of the guide rod 38 and the hinge rod 39 are respectively (via bolts) hinged to the rotating bracket 36. The other end of the guide rod 38 is slidably connected to the corresponding support column 37 (the other end of the guide rod 38 is slidably fitted onto the corresponding support column 37). (Above), the other end of hinge rod 39 is rotatably connected to the horizontal shaft of support column 37 (the other end of hinge rod 39 is rotatably fitted on the horizontal shaft of support column 37, and a shaft sleeve 55 is fitted on the horizontal shaft of support column 37, with the other end of hinge rod 39 fitted on the outside of shaft sleeve 55), the two cutting system wheels 40 are respectively (by bolts) connected and fixed to the horizontal shafts of the two support columns 37, the cutting system motor 41 (by motor base 51) is fixed to the motor mounting bracket 42, and the cutting blade 43 (by an open nut 53 threaded to the rotating shaft 44 and a pin hole inserted into the rotating shaft 44) is... The cotter pin 54 is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft 44. The rotating shaft 44 rotates from bottom to top through the center hole of the motor mounting bracket 42 (a rotating shaft sleeve 57 is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft 44, the rotating shaft sleeve 57 cooperates with the rotating shaft bearing 56, and the rotating shaft bearing 56 is fixed in the center hole of the motor mounting bracket 42). The output shaft of the cutting system motor is connected to the rotating shaft 44 by a transmission belt 45 (to transmit power; both the output shaft of the cutting system motor and the rotating shaft 44 are fixedly installed with transmission pulleys 52, and the two transmission pulleys 52 are connected by a transmission belt 45).

[0046] Working principle of the cutting system:

[0047] The cutting system can adjust the cutting height according to the terrain's elevation, allowing the cutting blade 43 to precisely cut the cabbage's root and stem. This is achieved through a linkage mechanism formed by the guide rod 38, hinge rod 39, and support column 37. Figure 9As shown, this linkage mechanism can automatically adjust its vertical position. One end of the guide rod 38 and hinge rod 39 of the linkage mechanism are hinged to the rotating bracket 36 (via bolts), the other end of the guide rod 38 is slidably connected to the corresponding support column 37, and the other end of the hinge rod 39 is rotatably connected to the horizontal shaft of the support column 37. A shaft sleeve 55 is fitted onto the horizontal shaft of the support column 37 (the other end of the hinge rod 39 is fitted outside the shaft sleeve 55), allowing the rotating bracket 36 to swing left and right. This mechanism enables the cutting system to adjust its vertical and horizontal position, adapting to different terrains.

[0048] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 As shown, a collection box 1 is placed on the frame 11, located below the ends of the two conveyor belts 4. Furthermore, a battery 6 is installed on the chassis of the frame 11, and a controller 9 is installed on the left side of the frame 11 near the handle. The battery 6 is electrically connected to the controller 9, the cutting system motor 41, the conveyor transmission mechanism motor 13, and the two hub motors 10 (providing power to the controller 9 and these motors). The controller 9 has four control switches: control switch 46, control switch 47, control switch 48, and control switch 49. Control switch 46 is electrically connected to the cutting system motor 41; control switch 47 is electrically connected to the conveyor transmission mechanism motor 13; control switch 48 is electrically connected to the two hub motors 10 for synchronous control of the hub motors 10, enabling the harvester to reverse; and control switch 49 is electrically connected to the two hub motors 10 for synchronous control of the hub motors 10, enabling the harvester to move forward.

[0049] The functions of each component (module) in this invention are as follows:

[0050] 1. Power source and transmission module for the cutting blade: The power source for the cutting blade 43 is the cutting system motor 41 (micro DC motor). The cutting blade 43 is fixed on the rotating shaft 44. The cutting system motor 41 and the rotating shaft 44 transmit power through the transmission pulley 52 to cut the cabbage root and stem.

[0051] 2. Cutting height adjustment mechanism 34: It can automatically adjust the height. The cutting system wheels 40 contact the ground, and the undulation of the ground acts on the cutting height adjustment mechanism 34 to achieve automatic adjustment of the cutting height.

[0052] 3. Power source and transmission module of conveyor belt: The power source of conveyor belt 4 adopts conveyor transmission mechanism motor 13 (micro DC gear motor). The conveyor transmission mechanism motor 13 drives the transmission shaft 14, and the two active bevel gears 15 and two driven bevel gears 16 on the transmission shaft 14 mesh with each other to transmit power to the two active pulleys 24, thereby driving the two conveyor belts 4 to transmit power.

[0053] 4. Flexible clamping conveyor belt module: Two conveyor belts 4 are arranged side by side, and the two conveyor belts 4 form a clamping state during operation to clamp the cabbage and transport it to the designated position.

[0054] 5. Harvester walking module: The hub motor 10 serves as the power source to enable the harvester to move forward and backward as a whole.

[0055] 6. Harvester control module (controller): Controls the opening and closing of the harvester's harvesting function, and controls the harvester's forward and backward movement.

[0056] The main design parameters of the small cabbage harvester of this invention are set as follows:

[0057] parameter numerical values Walking system power / W 350~400 Harvesting system power (W) 40~60 Conveyor system power / W 40~70 Number of lines of work 1 Harvested cabbage diameter / cm 20~25

[0058] The working principle of the small cabbage harvester of the present invention is as follows: Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 9 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 As shown:

[0059] First, the walking system is activated by control switches 3 (48) and 4 (49) on controller 9, driving the harvester to the working position. Then, control switches 2 (47) and 1 (46) on controller 9 are pressed to activate the harvester's conveying and harvesting systems. During the harvester's forward movement, the guide shovel 5 at the front of the harvester acts as a guide, and the cabbage enters the harvester along the direction of the guide shovel 5, tilting accordingly with the angle of the guide shovel 5. As the harvester moves forward, the cabbage enters between the two conveyor belts 4 on the left and right, which stably hold the cabbage stems. The cutting height adjustment mechanism 34 of the cutting system contacts the ground through the cutting system wheels 40. The uneven ground acts on the cutting height adjustment mechanism 34, allowing the cutting blades 43 in the cutting system to precisely cut the cabbage roots and stems. As the harvester continues forward, the cutting blades 43 completely cut off the cabbage roots and stems, separating the cabbage completely from the ground. The two conveyor belts 4 on the left and right stably hold the cabbage, and the whole cabbage is transported upward smoothly and at an incline. When the cabbage reaches the end of the clamping end of the conveyor belt 4, it will fall into the collection box 1.

[0060] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the tensioning mechanisms 29 on both sides retract inward, the tensioning wheel bracket 31 rotates inward, and the spring 32 on the pressure rod 33 is compressed. The tensioning mechanism 29 retracts inward to clamp the cabbage and transport it to the collection box 1.

[0061] like Figure 6 , Figure 9 As shown, the power source of the cutting blade 43 is a micro DC motor, which is driven by a transmission belt 45. The cutting height is automatically adjusted by the cutting height adjustment mechanism 34.

[0062] like Figure 1 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 As shown, the specific operation process of controller 9 is as follows:

[0063] 1. Pressing control switch 348 will control the harvester to reverse.

[0064] 2. Pressing control switch 49 will control the harvester to move forward.

[0065] 3. Adjust the position of the harvester by using control switch 3 (48) and control switch 4 (49) to move the harvester to the designated working position.

[0066] 4. Press control switch 46 to start the cutting system motor 41 (micro DC motor). The output shaft of the cutting system motor 41 drives the cutting blade 43 to rotate through the transmission belt 45 (the output shaft of the cutting system motor 41 and the rotating shaft 44 are both fixedly equipped with transmission pulleys 52, and the two transmission pulleys 52 are connected by the transmission belt 45).

[0067] 5. Press control switch 2 47 to start the conveyor transmission mechanism motor 13 (miniature DC gear motor). The conveyor transmission mechanism motor 13 drives the conveyor belt 4 through the meshing and transmission of two bevel gears.

[0068] 6. After the harvesting and conveying systems are started, press control switch four to control the harvester to move forward.

[0069] 7. With the harvesting and conveying systems operating normally, the harvester moves forward. The cabbage enters the harvester along the direction of the guide shovel 5. The harvesting system automatically adjusts the cutting height to cut the cabbage roots and stems. As the harvester moves forward, the cabbage enters the conveyor belt 4 along the guide shovel 5. The cabbage's own volume compresses the conveyor belt 4, causing the tensioning mechanisms 29 on both sides to contract inward. The conveyor belt 4 then stably clamps the cabbage stems. The conveyor belt 4 moves backward, carrying the cabbage backward until it falls into the collection box 1 at the rear of the conveyor belt 4. Once the collection box 1 is full, it is pulled out from the rear and replaced with a new empty collection box to continue operation.

Claims

1. A small cabbage harvester, characterized in that: The system includes a frame (11), a controller (9), a walking system, a conveying system, a cutting system, and two pull shovels (5). The conveying system includes a conveying transmission mechanism (2) and two conveyor belt mechanisms (3). The frame (11) is inclined with the front lower than the rear. The walking system is installed under the frame (11). The two conveyor belt mechanisms (3) are symmetrically arranged on the left and right and fixed on the front of the frame (11). The two conveyor belt mechanisms (3) are connected to the conveying transmission mechanism (2). The conveying transmission mechanism (2) is fixed on the frame (11) and located behind the two conveyor belt mechanisms (3). The two pull shovels (5) are respectively connected and fixed on the frame (11) and located in front of the conveyor belts (4) of the two conveyor belt mechanisms (3). The cutting system is located below the conveyor belts (4) of the two conveyor belt mechanisms (3). The cutting system is rotatably connected to the frame (11). The walking system, the conveying system, and the cutting system are controlled by the controller (9). The controller (9) is installed on the rear of the frame (11). The conveying transmission mechanism (2) includes a housing (12), a conveying transmission mechanism motor (13), a transmission shaft (14), two driving bevel gears (15), two driven bevel gears (16), two transmission shaft bushings (17), two gear bushings (18), two gaskets (19), and two transmission brackets (20). The two transmission brackets (20) are located on the left and right sides of the rear of the two conveyor belt mechanisms (3). The two transmission brackets (20) are fixed on the frame (11). The conveying transmission mechanism motor (13) is fixed on one of the transmission brackets (20). The output shaft of the conveying transmission mechanism motor (13) is coaxially fixedly connected to one end of the transmission shaft (14). The two ends of the transmission shaft (14) are rotatably connected to the transmission bracket (20) through transmission shaft bearings (21). Two driving bevel gears (15) are symmetrically fixed on the transmission shaft (14). Two transmission shaft bushings (17) are symmetrically fitted on the transmission shaft (14). The transmission shaft bushings (17) are located between the driving bevel gears (15) and the transmission shaft. Between the bearings (21), two driving bevel gears (15) mesh with their corresponding driven bevel gears (16). Gear bushings (18) are fitted into the center holes of both driven bevel gears (16). The lower end of the gear bushings (18) has a shoulder, which abuts against the lower end face of the driven bevel gears (16). One end of the shaft of the driving pulley (24) of the two conveyor belt mechanisms (3) is fitted into its corresponding gear bushing (18). The two driven bevel gears (16) A gasket (19) is provided on the upper surface. The gasket (19) is detachably and fixedly connected to the shaft head of the drive pulley (24). A pulley shaft sleeve (25) is fitted on the shaft head of the drive pulley (24). The pulley shaft sleeve (25) abuts against the gear sleeve (18) and the annular boss provided on the shaft head of the drive pulley (24). The drive shaft (14), two drive bevel gears (15), two driven bevel gears (16) and two drive shaft sleeves (17) are all located inside the housing (12). The cutting system includes a cutting height adjustment mechanism (34) and a cutting transmission mechanism (35); the cutting height adjustment mechanism (34) includes a rotating bracket (36), two support columns (37), two guide rods (38), two hinge rods (39), and two cutting system wheels (40); the cutting transmission mechanism (35) includes a cutting system motor (41), a motor mounting bracket (42), a cutting blade (43), a rotating shaft (44), and a transmission belt (45); the front end of the rotating bracket (36) is rotatably connected to the frame (11), and a guide rod (38) and a hinge rod (39) are provided on each of the left and right sides of the rotating bracket (36). The guide rod (38) is located above the hinge rod (39), and a support column is fixed at each of the left and right ends of the motor mounting bracket (42). 37), the motor mounting bracket (42) is set behind the rotating bracket (36). One end of the guide rod (38) and the hinge rod (39) are respectively hinged to the rotating bracket (36). The other end of the guide rod (38) is slidably connected to the corresponding support column (37). The other end of the hinge rod (39) is rotatably connected to the horizontal shaft of the support column (37). The two cutting system wheels (40) are respectively connected and fixed on the horizontal shaft of the two support columns (37). The cutting system motor (41) is fixed on the motor mounting bracket (42). The cutting blade (43) is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft (44). The rotating shaft (44) rotates from bottom to top through the center hole of the motor mounting bracket (42). The output shaft of the cutting system motor and the rotating shaft (44) are connected by a transmission belt (45).

2. The small cabbage harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The walking system includes two front wheels (7) and two rear wheels (8) with built-in hub motors (10); the two front wheels (7) are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the lower front of the frame (11), and the two rear wheels (8) with built-in hub motors (10) are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the lower rear of the frame (11).

3. The small cabbage harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the conveyor belt mechanisms (3) includes a conveyor belt support (26), a conveyor belt (4), and a conveyor belt pulley assembly. The conveyor belt pulley assembly includes a drive pulley (24), a driven pulley (27), a conveyor belt (4), multiple transition pulleys (28), and multiple tensioning mechanisms (29). The drive pulley (24), the driven pulley (27), and the multiple transition pulleys (28) are rotatably mounted on their respective axles. The two conveyor belt supports (26) are symmetrically arranged on the left and right and are respectively fixedly mounted on the front of the frame (11). The two conveyor belt pulley assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the left and right. The drive pulley (24) and the driven pulley (27) of each conveyor belt pulley assembly are located behind and in front of the conveyor belt support (26), respectively. The axles of the passive pulley (27) and multiple transition pulleys (28) are respectively connected and fixed on the conveyor belt support (26). Multiple transition pulleys (28) are located between the active pulley (24) and the passive pulley (27). Multiple tensioning mechanisms (29) are respectively hinged to the conveyor belt support (26). The conveyor belt (4) is attached to and surrounds the active pulley (24), multiple transition pulleys (28) and passive pulley (27) and is tensioned by the tensioning wheels (30) of multiple tensioning mechanisms (29). The tensioning wheels (30) of the tensioning mechanism (29) are arranged adjacent to the longitudinal center line of the frame (11). During the operation of the two conveyor belt mechanisms (3), the space between the two conveyor belts (4) is used to clamp the cabbage.

4. The small cabbage harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each tensioning mechanism (29) includes a tensioning wheel (30), a tensioning wheel bracket (31), a spring (32), and a pressure rod (33). The pressure rod (33) includes a pressure rod shaft (58) and a pressure rod sleeve (59). One end of the pressure rod shaft (58) is slidably disposed inside the pressure rod sleeve (59). The other end of the pressure rod sleeve (59) is rotatably connected to the tensioning wheel bracket (31). The other end of the pressure rod shaft (58) is rotatably connected to the conveyor belt bracket (26). A spring (32) is fitted on the pressure rod (33). Both ends of the spring (32) are respectively connected to the bosses provided on the pressure rod shaft (58) and the pressure rod sleeve (59). The tensioning wheel bracket (31) is hinged to the conveyor belt bracket (26). The tensioning wheel (30) is rotatably mounted on its axle. Both ends of the axle of the tensioning wheel (30) are respectively connected and fixed to the tensioning wheel bracket (31).

5. The small cabbage harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: A collection box (1) is placed on the frame (11), and the collection box (1) is located below the ends of the two conveyor belts (4).

6. The small cabbage harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: A battery (6) is installed on the chassis of the frame (11). The controller (9) is installed on the left side of the handle of the frame (11). The battery (6) is electrically connected to the controller (9), the cutting system motor (41), the conveying transmission mechanism motor (13), and the two hub motors (10). The controller (9) is equipped with four control switches, namely control switch one (46), control switch two (47), control switch three (48), and control switch four (49). Control switch one (46) is electrically connected to the cutting system motor (41); control switch two (47) is electrically connected to the conveying transmission mechanism motor (13); control switch three (48) is electrically connected to the two hub motors (10) and is used to synchronously control the hub motors (10) to realize the harvester reversing; control switch four (49) is electrically connected to the two hub motors (10) and is used to synchronously control the hub motors (10) to realize the harvester moving forward.

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