Intelligent settlement monitoring device and method suitable for bagged sand seawall underwater construction stage

Abstract

The invention relates to an intelligent settlement monitoring device and method suitable for a bagged sand seawall underwater construction stage, the intelligent settlement monitoring device comprises a measuring head and sealing structure and a data receiving and transmitting system, the measuring head and sealing structure realizes secondary sealing through a box body, waterproof sealing mortar, a protective pipe body, a measuring head, a steel wire hose, a tightening pipe hoop and a measuring waterproof cable; the data receiving and transmitting system is composed of a data collecting and transmitting box, a solar power supply system, a water supply box and a water storage box and can collect tide level, water level, water pressure and temperature data and transmit the data to the background through a transmission antenna. The monitoring method comprises the steps of manufacturing of the measuring head and the sealing structure, system connection, data receiving and abnormity judgment, data processing, and conversion to obtain the settling volume by synchronously measuring the water pressure, the tide level and the water level change of the water supply tank. According to the invention, the problem of rough or missing monitoring data in the prior art is solved, instantaneous settlement, main consolidation settlement and lateral silt extrusion conditions can be accurately obtained, and intelligent data support is provided for construction loading rate control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the fields of water transport and water conservancy technology, and relates to the field of intelligent monitoring technology for settlement of sand-bagged seawalls, especially intelligent monitoring of settlement during the underwater construction phase of seawalls. Background Technology

[0002] Existing intelligent settlement monitoring methods for underwater construction of sand-bagged seawalls mainly include hydrostatic leveling, array displacement gauges, traditional settlement discs combined with GNSS receivers, and fiber Bragg grating technology. However, these methods have the following problems:

[0003] The static leveling method has several drawbacks. First, it suffers from limited range and insufficient dynamic response. Its design range is typically ±50mm to ±100mm, but the phased loading during seawall construction can lead to localized settlement exceeding 150mm, with cumulative settlement potentially exceeding 2000mm. In such cases, the instrument exceeds its range, requiring the re-establishment of benchmarks and disrupting monitoring continuity. Second, it exhibits poor environmental adaptability. The high salt spray, strong winds and waves, and drastic temperature and humidity variations in the marine environment directly affect measurement accuracy. For instance, temperature fluctuations can cause expansion and contraction of the liquid medium, resulting in a benchmark surface drift error of up to ±2mm / 10℃. Salt spray corrosion can easily cause sensor circuit boards to fail, and once buried at the seawall base, they cannot be replaced. Third, installation and maintenance are complex, requiring the laying of connecting pipelines along the seawall axis. The presence of riprap prisms or geotextile coverings on the seawall makes pipeline laying difficult, and construction machinery can damage the pipelines. Approximately 25% of monitoring interruptions are caused by pipeline ruptures.

[0004] The array-type displacement gauge method has several drawbacks: First, it has high initial investment and maintenance costs. The purchase cost of a single array-type displacement gauge (approximately 30 measuring points) is hundreds of thousands of yuan, and it requires the pre-embedding of special sleeves. The cross-section of a seawall is often several kilometers long, and full coverage requires hundreds of measuring points, resulting in a high proportion of equipment investment. In addition, seawater seepage into the sleeve can easily cause probe jamming, leading to a high annual failure rate and significantly increased maintenance costs. Second, it has reliability issues under construction interference. Vibration from heavy vehicles and impact from filler during surcharge construction can easily cause measuring point displacement. When the sleeve deviation caused by vibration exceeds 5°, the measurement error can reach 20% of the actual settlement value. Uneven filler gradation may compress the sleeve, causing local deformation and data distortion. Third, data interpretation relies on experience. The output is a discrete point displacement curve, requiring manual fitting of the full-section settlement trend. In complex working conditions, inexperienced technicians are prone to misjudging the nature of abrupt change points, delaying early warning.

[0005] The traditional settlement monitoring method using a GNSS receiver has two main drawbacks: First, the mechanical structure is susceptible to damage from surcharges. Settlement monitoring panels are often made of rigid metal and directly buried beneath the surcharge layer. During construction, the impact force from the surcharge often exceeds 200 kPa, causing deformation or even breakage of the panel and settlement rod. Approximately 35% of settlement monitoring panels fail midway through construction and require replacement. GNSS receivers are also vulnerable to damage from falling rocks and mechanical collisions during surcharge construction. Second, there are issues with multipath effects and accuracy degradation. GNSS receivers rely on satellite signals, and the reflective surfaces formed by surcharge materials in the seawall construction environment can trigger multipath effects. The technical plane positioning error can reach ±5 to 15 mm, and the elevation error exceeds ±5 to 25 mm, which cannot meet the millimeter-level settlement monitoring requirements. Tidal-induced ionospheric disturbances will reduce signal stability, and the data loss rate can reach 40% in rainy weather. Thirdly, the measurement accuracy is affected by construction disturbances. The surface vibration caused by the operation of surcharge machinery will cause the GNSS equipment reading to fluctuate by ±1.5 mm, making it difficult to distinguish between real settlement and vibration noise. Differences in the compaction of the fill material around the monitoring panel may form local depressions, generating false settlement signals. In addition, the receiver power supply depends on solar panels, and power outages may occur during continuous rainy weather, requiring additional batteries and increasing maintenance costs.

[0006] Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) technology presents several challenges: First, its limited range leads to insufficient response. It inverts settlement through wavelength offset, typically with a range of ±100mm to ±150mm. Construction of seawalls on soft soil foundations can cause localized settlement exceeding 200mm, with cumulative settlement potentially exceeding 2000mm, resulting in data exceeding the range and necessitating recalibration or sensor replacement, disrupting monitoring continuity. Second, the marine environment significantly impacts fiber optic coatings. High salt spray conditions easily cause aging, and unprotected fibers have a lifespan of less than two years in coastal areas. Temperature variations can cause grating thermal drift errors of up to 0.5mm / ℃, and the diurnal temperature range of seawalls often exceeds 15℃, requiring additional temperature compensation units and increasing hardware costs. Furthermore, seawater seepage into the cable sheath can cause localized refractive index changes, generating false strain signals. Third, installation and maintenance are complex. Fiber optic cables must be pre-embedded at the bottom of the seawall. As brittle materials, fibers are easily broken by mechanical crushing during riprap construction, resulting in a high fiber breakage rate during construction and making repair difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art and to provide an intelligent settlement monitoring device suitable for the underwater construction stage of bagged sand seawalls.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] A device for intelligent monitoring of settlement during the underwater construction of sand-bagged seawalls includes a probe and sealing structure, and a data receiving and transmission system. The probe and sealing structure are connected to the data receiving and transmission system via a waterproof measuring cable and a steel wire hose, jointly achieving accurate and intelligent monitoring of settlement during the underwater construction of sand-bagged seawalls. The probe and sealing structure are used for direct sensing of settlement signals in the underwater environment, while the data receiving and transmission system is used for data acquisition, processing, power supply, and fluid replenishment.

[0010] Preferably, the probe and sealing structure includes a housing, waterproof sealing mortar, a protective tube, a probe, a steel wire hose, a tightening clamp, and a waterproof measuring cable;

[0011] The box is a rectangular PE box with an open top, and through holes on the side for steel wire hoses and waterproof measuring cables to pass through. The inside is filled with waterproof sealing mortar to form a waterproof sealed cavity.

[0012] The protective tube is a hollow stainless steel tube with a built-in probe fixed by screws; the probe is connected to the data receiving and transmission system through a flexible steel wire hose, and the two ends of the flexible steel wire hose are sealed by tightening clamps.

[0013] Preferably, the dimensions of the box body are 50cm±5cm in length, 40cm±5cm in width, and 25cm±5cm in height, with a wall thickness of 3mm±0.5mm. A through hole with a diameter of 3cm±0.5cm is provided on the side for the steel wire hose and the waterproof measuring cable to pass through. The protective tube body is 30cm±5cm in length and 25cm±5cm in diameter, and threaded holes are drilled in the side wall for fixing the measuring head.

[0014] Preferably, the probe is a columnar structure with a diameter of 3cm±0.5cm and a length of 25cm±5cm, integrating a high-precision water pressure sensor and a temperature sensor; the steel wire hose has an inner diameter of 3cm±0.5cm and is wrapped with an outer steel wire reinforcement layer.

[0015] Preferably, the data receiving and transmission system includes a data acquisition and transmission box, a solar power supply system, a water supply tank, and a water storage tank; the data acquisition and transmission box has a built-in integrated acquisition unit and transmission antenna; the solar power supply system includes solar panels and batteries; the water supply tank controls fluid output through partitions and valves; and the water storage tank replenishes water to the water supply tank through a wirelessly controlled water pump; the data acquisition and transmission box is electrically or fluidly connected to the solar power supply system, the water supply tank, and the water storage tank, respectively.

[0016] Preferably, the data acquisition and transmission box is made of stainless steel or PE material, with dimensions of 30cm±5cm in length, 25cm±5cm in width, and 20cm±5cm in height; the transmission antenna supports 4G / 5G / WiFi protocols, and the integrated collector can simultaneously receive data signals from water level, temperature, tide level, and magnetostrictive sedimentation meter.

[0017] Preferably, the water supply tank includes a tank body, a partition compartment, a magnetostrictive sedimentation meter, and a pressure measuring tube; the partition compartment is a stainless steel cavity welded to the bottom of the tank body, with an opening at the bottom connecting to a water pipe connector with a valve; the magnetostrictive sedimentation meter is vertically installed inside the tank body to monitor water level changes in real time; the pressure measuring tube is an L-shaped transparent glass tube, with its horizontal section connected to a through hole at the bottom of the side of the tank body to observe the water head;

[0018] The water storage tank includes a small water pump and a water pipe; the volume of the water storage tank is 1-2 m³. 3 It has a built-in small water pump; the water pump is started by a wireless control switch; the water pipe is a silicone / PE flexible hose with a diameter of about 10mm and a wall thickness of 2mm, one end of which is connected to the small water pump, and the other end extends out from the opening at the top of the water storage tank and into the water supply tank.

[0019] Another objective of this invention is to provide an intelligent monitoring method for settlement during the underwater construction phase of a sand-bagged seawall.

[0020] To achieve the second objective mentioned above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0021] A method for intelligent monitoring of settlement during the underwater construction phase of a seawall using bagged sand includes the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: Assemble the probe and sealing structure. Seal the probe inside the steel wire hose and fill it with water. After fixing it with the tightening clamp, embed it into the protective tube body. Then pour waterproof sealing mortar to form a sealed box.

[0023] Step 2: Connect the probe and sealing structure to the data receiving and transmission system. Connect the probe to the water supply tank via a steel wire hose and connect it to the data acquisition and transmission box via a waterproof measuring cable.

[0024] Step 3: Collect tide level data, water supply tank water level data, and probe water pressure data; make real-time judgments on data anomalies and automatically implement repair measures.

[0025] Step 4: Process the normal data comprehensively and calculate the daily settlement through correlation analysis of tide level, water level and water pressure.

[0026] Preferably, the data anomaly judgment and repair measures in step three include: when the tide level data is interrupted, redeploy the tide level measuring probe; when the water level in the water supply tank drops to the height of the partition, close the corresponding valve and start the water pump in the storage tank to replenish water; when the probe data is interrupted, return to step one to remake the sealing structure.

[0027] Preferably, the data processing in step four includes: denoting the tide level data, water tank level data, and water pressure data as Ai, Bi, and Ci respectively; performing correlation analysis on the normal data; and calculating the daily settlement using the formula Di = Ci{Ai, Bi}, where Di is the corrected water pressure data; and the data value for each probe on that day is:

[0028]

[0029] Where n≥24, that is, the larger n is, the more data sets there are, and the more accurate the average value is.

[0030] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects obtained by the present invention include:

[0031] 1. The monitoring accuracy and continuity of the present invention are effectively improved. By adopting a double-sealed probe structure (tightening pipe clamp + waterproof sealing mortar) and a stable water pressure measurement mechanism, combined with the linkage analysis of tide level and water level data, it can effectively avoid the problems of insufficient range, data interruption or distortion in traditional methods. It can accurately capture the instantaneous settlement, main consolidation settlement and lateral siltation of the lower soil.

[0032] 2. This invention has enhanced environmental adaptability. With its PE material box, stainless steel protective pipe and waterproof sealing design, it can withstand underwater high salt spray and strong wind and wave environments. The solar power system, together with the battery, provides continuous power supply, and the water storage tank and automatic water replenishment system ensure long-term stable operation and reduce maintenance requirements.

[0033] 3. This invention can collect and wirelessly transmit monitoring data in real time, providing dynamic data feedback for construction loading rate control and avoiding construction risks caused by settlement monitoring lag; the automatic judgment and repair mechanism for abnormal data (such as replacement of faulty tide level probes, closure of leaking compartment valves, and automatic water replenishment) improves system reliability.

[0034] 4. This invention integrates multi-source data (tide level, water level, water pressure, and temperature) to eliminate tidal interference and the influence of environmental factors, solving the problem of coarse or missing data in traditional monitoring methods, and providing a complete data chain for the quality and safety assessment of seawall construction. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a side view of an embodiment of the intelligent settlement monitoring device for the underwater construction stage of a sand-bagged seawall, according to the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the operational steps of an embodiment of the intelligent settlement monitoring method for underwater construction of bagged sand seawalls according to the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 This invention relates to a daily tide level data curve of an intelligent settlement monitoring device applicable to the underwater construction phase of a sand-bagged seawall.

[0038] Figure 4 This is a measured curve of magnetostrictive settlement gauge data on a certain day for the intelligent settlement monitoring device of the bagged sand seawall during the underwater construction stage.

[0039] Figure 5 This is a curve of measured data from a probe on a certain day for the intelligent settlement monitoring device of the bagged sand seawall during the underwater construction stage.

[0040] Figure 6 This is a curve graph showing the corrected measured data from a probe on a certain day of the present invention, which is applicable to the intelligent settlement monitoring device for the underwater construction stage of a sand-bagged seawall.

[0041] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0042] 100 probe and sealing structure;

[0043] 101 Box body; 102 Waterproof sealing mortar; 103 Protective pipe body; 104 Probe;

[0044] 105 Steel wire flexible conduit; 106 Tightening pipe clamp; 107 Waterproof measuring cable;

[0045] 200 data receiving and transmission system;

[0046] 201 Data Acquisition and Transmission Box;

[0047] 201-1 Transmission antenna; 201-2 Integrated data acquisition unit; 201-3 Cabinet;

[0048] 201-4 Power supply cable for integrated data acquisition unit; 201-5 Tide level measurement cable; 201-6 Tide level measurement probe;

[0049] 202 Solar power supply system;

[0050] 202-1 Solar panel; 202-2 Storage battery;

[0051] 203 water supply tank;

[0052] 203-1 Water pipe fittings; 203-2 Valves; 203-3 Partitions; 203-4 Magnetostrictive settling gauges;

[0053] 203-5 Water body in water supply tank; 203-6 Power supply cable for magnetostrictive sedimentation meter;

[0054] 203-7 Magnetostrictive sedimentation meter data cable; 203-8 Water supply tank body; 203-9 Pressure measuring tube;

[0055] 204 water storage tank;

[0056] 204-1 Water storage tank body; 204-2 Small water pump; 204-3 Water body in the water storage tank;

[0057] 204-4 Power supply cable for small water pumps; 204-5 Water pumping pipes. Detailed Implementation

[0058] This invention primarily overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies, such as insufficient measurement range, poor environmental adaptability, data distortion, and complex maintenance. Based on this, it provides a device suitable for intelligent settlement monitoring during the underwater construction phase of bagged sand seawalls. The device includes a probe and sealing structure 100 and a data receiving and transmission system 200. The probe and sealing structure 100 and the data receiving and transmission system 200 are connected via a waterproof measuring cable 107 and a steel wire hose 105, jointly achieving accurate and intelligent monitoring of settlement during the underwater construction phase of bagged sand seawalls. The probe and sealing structure 100 is used for direct sensing of settlement signals in the underwater environment, while the data receiving and transmission system 200 is used for data acquisition, processing, power supply, and fluid replenishment.

[0059] like Figure 1 As shown, the probe and sealing structure 100 includes a housing 101, waterproof sealing mortar 102, protective tube 103, probe 104, steel wire hose 105, tightening clamp 106, and waterproof measuring cable 107.

[0060] Among them, box 101 is generally a rectangular PE box with a length of about 50cm, a width of about 40cm, a height of about 25cm, and a wall thickness of about 3mm. It has an opening at the top and a lid. One of the 30cm*25cm sides has a small hole with a diameter of about 3cm in the middle. Waterproof sealing mortar is poured inside to form a protective layer.

[0061] The protective tube body 103 is a hollow stainless steel tube with a length of 30cm, a diameter of 25cm, and a wall thickness of 3mm. Threaded holes are drilled on the side wall to fix the probe with screws.

[0062] The probe is approximately 3cm in diameter and 25cm in length, and has built-in water pressure and temperature sensors for accurate measurement of water pressure and temperature.

[0063] The steel wire hose 105 has an outer diameter of approximately 3.3 cm and an inner diameter of approximately 3 cm. The length is determined according to the requirements, and the elongation rate is 25% without breaking. Its two ends are sealed and connected to the probe 104 and the water supply tank water pipe joint respectively through the tightening pipe clamp 106. The pipe is filled with water to transmit water pressure.

[0064] In this embodiment, the assembly process of the probe and sealing structure 100, taking the housing 101, waterproof sealing mortar 102, protective tube 103, probe 104, steel wire hose 105, tightening clamp 106, and waterproof measuring cable 107 as examples, is described as follows:

[0065] First, insert one end of the probe 104, the water-pressure receiving side, into the steel wire hose 105, but not completely; leave 5cm protruding. The exposed portion of the probe has screw holes on its outer side. Simultaneously, pump tap water into the steel wire hose 105 using a water pump to ensure all air is expelled. Next, fit two tightening clamps 106 onto the outer wall of the steel wire hose 105 and tighten them firmly to ensure no leakage. Then, insert the connected probe 104 and steel wire hose 105 into the protective tube 103, and screw a screw onto the probe through a small hole at the top of the protective tube 103. In the screw holes on the outer side of 104, the combined probe 104 and steel wire hose 105 are fixed to the protective tube 103; then, the aforementioned three fixing bodies are placed in the middle of the inside of the box 101, so that the probe 104 is located in the center of the inside of the box 101. The steel wire hose 105 and the waterproof measuring cable 107 are inserted out of the holes in the side wall of the box 101; finally, waterproof sealing mortar 102 is poured into the inside of the box 101 until the entire box 101 is filled. Finally, the probe and sealing structure 100 are assembled.

[0066] Refer again Figure 1 The data receiving and transmission system 200 includes four parts: data acquisition and transmission box 201, solar power supply system 202, water supply tank 203, and water storage tank 204.

[0067] The data acquisition and transmission box 201 includes a transmission antenna 201-1, an integrated acquisition unit 201-2, a box body 201-3, an integrated acquisition unit power supply cable 201-4, a tide level measurement cable 201-5, and a tide level measurement probe 201-6.

[0068] The integrated data acquisition unit 201-2 and the transmission antenna 201-1 are installed inside the data acquisition and transmission box 201. The integrated data acquisition unit 201-2 is a comprehensive integrated data acquisition device that can receive data signals from water level, temperature, tide level, magnetostrictive sedimentation meter, etc. The transmission antenna 201-1 can transmit the wireless data signals collected by the integrated data acquisition unit 201-2 through 4G / 5G / Wi-Fi.

[0069] Box 201-3 is a rectangular box made of stainless steel / PE material, with a length of approximately 30cm, a width of approximately 25cm, a height of approximately 20cm, and a wall thickness of approximately 3mm.

[0070] The solar power supply system 202 includes solar panels 202-1 and batteries 202-2, providing continuous power to all equipment;

[0071] The water supply tank 203 includes a water pipe connector 203-1, a valve 203-2, a partition compartment 203-3, a magnetostrictive sedimentation meter 203-4, water in the water supply tank 203-5, a power supply cable for the magnetostrictive sedimentation meter 203-6, a data cable for the magnetostrictive sedimentation meter 203-7, a tank body 203-8, and a pressure measuring pipe 203-9;

[0072] Among them, the water pipe joint 203-1 is a stainless steel pipe with an outer diameter of about 3cm and a wall thickness of 3mm, and a length of about 20cm. A valve 203-2 is installed 5cm below the top.

[0073] Valve 203-2 is a ball valve, installed 5cm below the top of water pipe joint 203-1, and can be manually rotated to control the flow of water and its closure.

[0074] The partition 203-3 is made of stainless steel plate with a thickness of about 3mm, welded to the bottom of the inner wall of the water supply tank body 203-8. The size of the partition 203-3 is about 10cm*10cm*10cm. Each partition has an opening at the bottom and a water pipe joint 203-1 welded on it. The water 203-5 in the water supply tank flows into the connection joint 203-1 through the small hole at the bottom of the partition 203-3.

[0075] The water supply tank 203 controls fluid output through a partition compartment 203-3 and a valve 203-2. The bottom of the partition compartment has an opening that connects to a water pipe connector 203-1 with valve 203-2. A magnetostrictive sedimentation meter 203-4 is vertically installed inside the tank to monitor water level changes in real time. The water in the water supply tank 203-5 is tap water with added non-toxic preservatives.

[0076] The water supply tank body 203-8 is a rectangular stainless steel box with a length of about 50cm, a width of about 30cm, a height of about 40cm, and a wall thickness of about 3mm. It has an opening at the top with a lid. The lid has a small hole for various cables to pass through. There is a lock on the side of the lid. There is a small hole on the side 3cm above the bottom for connecting to the pressure measuring pipe 203-9.

[0077] The pressure measuring tube 203-9 is an L-shaped round transparent glass tube about 35cm long and 1mm thick. It is open at the top and has a cover with a vent hole. The bottom horizontal section is connected to a small hole 3cm above the bottom of the water body 203-5 in the water supply tank to observe the water head.

[0078] In this embodiment, the assembly process of the probe and sealing structure 100, data acquisition and transmission box 201, solar power supply system 202, and water supply tank 203 is described below, taking the solar panel 202-1, battery 202-2, transmission antenna 201-1, integrated data acquisition unit 201-2, box 201-3, integrated data acquisition unit power supply cable 201-4, tide level measurement cable 201-5, tide level measurement probe 201-6, water pipe connector 203-1, valve 203-2, partition compartment 203-3, magnetostrictive sedimentation meter 203-4, water in the water supply tank 203-5, magnetostrictive sedimentation meter power supply cable 203-6, magnetostrictive sedimentation meter data cable 203-7, water supply tank box 203-8, and pressure measuring tube 203-9 as examples:

[0079] First, the waterproof measuring cable 107 on the probe and sealing structure 100 is connected to the integrated data acquisition unit 201-2 in the data acquisition and transmission box 201. Next, the flexible steel wire hose 105 on the probe and sealing structure 100 is connected to the water pipe connector 203-1 on the water supply tank 203 and tightened with a pipe clamp. The valve 203-2 connected to the flexible steel wire hose 105 is opened, and the valve not connected is closed. Then, the tide level measuring probe 201-6 is installed in the seawater, and the tide level measuring cable 201-5 is connected to the integrated data acquisition unit 201-2 for tide level monitoring. Finally, the magnetostrictive sedimentation meter 203-4 is placed in the water supply tank. Inside the tank 203, the magnetostrictive sedimentation meter data cable 203-7 is connected to the integrated data acquisition unit 201-2. At the same time, the magnetostrictive sedimentation meter power supply cable 203-6 is connected to the battery 202-2, and the integrated data acquisition unit power supply cable 201-4 is connected to the battery 202-2. Simultaneously, the solar panel 202-1 and the battery 202-2 are also connected to the working state. Finally, water 203-5 is added to the water supply tank 203 to a certain height, which is at least 20cm higher than the height of the partition compartment 203-3 and about 5cm lower than the top of the water supply tank 203. At the same time, the pressure measuring tube 203-9 shows the water head. Thus, the assembly process of the probe and sealing structure 100, the data acquisition and transmission box 201, the solar power supply system 202, and the water supply tank 203 is completed; the data of the tide level measuring probe 201-6, the probe 104, and the magnetostrictive sedimentation meter 203-4 collected by the integrated collector 201-2 are transmitted to the computer backend through the transmission antenna 201-1.

[0080] like Figure 1 As shown, the water storage tank 204 includes a water storage tank body 204-1, a small water pump 204-2, a water body 204-3, a power supply cable for the small water pump 204-4, and a water pipe 204-5; the water storage tank body 204-1 generally has a volume of 1 to 2 cubic meters. 3The tank is made of PE material, with an opening at the top and a cover; a small water pump 204-2 is placed at the bottom inside the water storage tank 204, and a wireless control switch is installed on the pump body. The small water pump 204-2 is started by the wireless control switch; the water in the water storage tank 204-3 is tap water with added non-toxic preservatives.

[0081] The water pump 204-5 is a silicone / PE flexible hose with a diameter of about 10mm and a wall thickness of about 2mm. One end is connected to a small water pump 204-2, and the other end extends out from the opening at the top of the water storage tank 204 and into the small hole at the top of the water supply tank 203.

[0082] In this embodiment, the automatic water replenishment mechanism of the water storage tank 204 to the water supply tank 203 is realized through a closed-loop process of water level monitoring, signal transmission, intelligent control, and execution feedback. Taking the water storage tank body 204-1, the small water pump 204-2, the water body in the water storage tank 204-3, the power supply cable of the small water pump 204-4, and the water pipe 204-5 as an example, the description is as follows:

[0083] 1. Water level monitoring triggered

[0084] The built-in magnetostrictive settling meter 203-4 monitors water level changes in real time. When the water level in the water supply tank drops to the height of the partition compartment due to seepage, evaporation, or tidal disturbance during construction, the magnetostrictive settling meter 203-4 sends a low water level electrical signal to the data acquisition and transmission box, triggering a leakage alarm and intelligent water filling program in the background.

[0085] 2. Signal processing and control commands

[0086] After receiving the low water level signal, the integrated data acquisition unit 201-2 in the data acquisition and transmission box confirms that the water level is below the threshold through its built-in logic judgment module, and then triggers the following actions:

[0087] Valve linkage: Controls the closing of the ball valve in the corresponding compartment of the water supply tank, cutting off the fluid connection with the probe and sealing structure, and preventing water pressure fluctuations during water replenishment from affecting the measurement accuracy of the probe.

[0088] Wireless command transmission: A start signal is sent to the wireless control switch of the small water pump 204-2 in the water storage tank via the transmission antenna 201-1 (4G / 5G module). The command includes the target water level for water replenishment and timeout protection parameters.

[0089] 3. Water tank replenishment procedure

[0090] The small water pump 204-2 is electrically connected to the small water pump power supply cable 204-4 and the storage battery 202-2. The water pipe 204-5 extends into the top of the water supply tank 203. After receiving a water filling signal, it automatically opens to fill the water supply tank 203 with water. During the water filling process, the magnetostrictive sedimentation meter continuously feeds back water level data. When the water level reaches the target height, the leakage alarm is deactivated, the integrated data acquisition unit sends a stop command, the small water pump is powered off and shut down, and the ball valve reopens to restore the fluid passage. In this way, the reduction of water in the water supply tank 203-5 due to objective reasons can be solved remotely and automatically in a short time until maintenance personnel go to the platform for maintenance.

[0091] The automatic water replenishment mechanism of the water storage tank ensures a stable water level through a fully automated process of "monitoring-control-execution-feedback," providing a constant benchmark for probe water pressure measurement and ensuring the continuity and accuracy of settlement monitoring data.

[0092] like Figure 2 As shown, the present invention also provides a method for intelligent monitoring of settlement during the underwater construction phase of a sand-bagged seawall, comprising the following steps:

[0093] Step 1: Fabrication of the probe and sealing structure 100. Insert the probe 104 into the steel wire hose 105. Simultaneously fill the steel wire hose 105 with pressurized water through a straight pipe. Tighten the outer wall of the steel wire hose 105 with a clamping clamp 106, then place it into the protective tube 103 and fix it with screws. Finally, place the entire unit into the box 101 and pour the waterproof sealing mortar 102. The waterproof measuring cable 107 and the steel wire hose 105 extend out from the small hole on the side of the box 101.

[0094] Step 2: Connect the waterproof measuring cable 107 and the steel wire hose 105 to the data transmission and receiving system 200, and connect the waterproof measuring cable 107 to the data acquisition and transmission box 201; connect the steel wire hose 105 to the water pipe connector 203-1 of the water supply tank 203.

[0095] Step 3: Data reception and preliminary judgment. First, the tide level data from the 201-6 tide level measuring probe (Data 1, see...). Figure 3 Second, the water level data of the magnetostrictive sedimentation meter 203-4 (Data 2, see...). Figure 4 Thirdly, the water pressure data of probe 104 (data 3, see...). Figure 5 , Figure 5 (Temperature effects have been corrected) and temperature data.

[0096] Among them, data 1 anomaly usually manifests as data interruption and inability to be measured. If so, purchase a new tide level measuring probe 201-6, reinstall and measure it.

[0097] Data 2 is abnormal when it drops to a stable value. This value is the same as the level of the partition 203-3 of the water supply tank 203. If so, check the partition 203-3, close the valve 203-2 corresponding to the leaking partition, and start the small water pump 204-2 to supply water to the water supply tank 203.

[0098] Data 3 anomalies are usually manifested as data interruption, which cannot be measured. If so, return to step one.

[0099] Step 4: Data processing. If data 1, 2, and 3 are all abnormal, then data 1, 2, and 3 are processed and considered together to obtain the settlement amount for the day.

[0100] The data processing methods are as follows:

[0101] First, analyze the tide level data for that day (Data 1, see...). Figure 3 The value of the tide level is converted into pressure, which is the water pressure at the elevation where the tide level measuring probe 201-6 is located. Dividing the water pressure by the specific gravity of the seawater gives the tide level data for the day (in meters). One data point is recorded every hour, and the set of values ​​is denoted as Ai.

[0102] Secondly, the water level data of magnetostrictive sedimentation meter 203-4 on that day was analyzed (Data 2, see...). Figure 4 The pattern, its value and the daily tide level data (Data 1, see...) Figure 3 The pattern is consistent: one data point is recorded every hour, and this set of values ​​is denoted as Bi.

[0103] Next, the water pressure data of each probe (probe 104) on that day were analyzed (data 3, see...). Figure 5 The value of ), is affected by the tides of the day, and its regularity is almost the same as the two mentioned above. One data point is recorded every hour, and this set of values ​​is denoted as Ci.

[0104] Finally, based on the above three sets of data, a correlation analysis was performed on data set Ci and data sets Ai and Bi to obtain data set Di, i.e., Di = Ci{Ai, Bi}, where the data value of each probe on that day is:

[0105]

[0106] Here, n is set to 24, which can be set as needed. The larger n is, the more data sets there are and the more accurate the average value is. After removing bad data, the average is calculated. The data D of the first day is set as the initial value. Subtracting the initial value from the data D of each subsequent day gives the cumulative settlement of the probe.

[0107] In addition, correlation analysis of the above normal data can be achieved through the following steps:

[0108] 1. Data Pattern Analysis: Extract tidal data (data 1, denoted as Ai), magnetostrictive sedimentation meter water level data (data 2, denoted as Bi), and probe water pressure data (data 3, denoted as Ci) respectively, and analyze the hourly variation patterns of the three sets of data to ensure the consistency of data trends (such as periodic fluctuations under the influence of tides).

[0109] 2. Data correlation modeling: A correlation model between Ci and Ai, Bi is established using mathematical methods (Di = Ci{Ai, Bi}) to eliminate the interference of tides and water level fluctuations on water pressure measurement and separate the water pressure change component caused by seawall settlement.

[0110] 3. Error correction and averaging calculation: After removing outliers, average multiple sets of data (e.g., n=24 hours of data) to improve the stability of the results. Finally, the cumulative settlement is calculated by comparing the daily data with the initial value.

[0111] In summary, this process combines physical mechanism analysis with statistical methods, enabling accurate inversion of settlement and providing data support for construction loading rate control.

[0112] It should be noted that this invention achieves precise and intelligent monitoring of settlement during the underwater construction phase of bagged sand seawalls through the coordinated design of the probe and sealing structure with the data receiving and transmission system.

[0113] Its core advantages are: First, it solves the problem of coarse or missing data in traditional monitoring methods. It can simultaneously measure the changes in tide level, water level in water supply tank and water pressure of probe, and accurately obtain the instantaneous settlement, main consolidation settlement and lateral siltation of the lower soil after conversion.

[0114] Secondly, it improves the adaptability to underwater environments. The probe and sealing structure achieve double sealing through waterproof sealing mortar and tightening pipe clamps. Combined with the protection of the protective pipe body and PE box, it effectively resists the impact of marine environments such as high salt spray and strong water pressure.

[0115] Third, it has achieved intelligent operation and maintenance. The solar power supply system ensures the continuous operation of the equipment. The water storage tank automatically replenishes the water supply tank through a wirelessly controlled water pump. Combined with the automatic judgment and repair mechanism for data anomalies, it reduces the need for manual intervention.

[0116] Fourth, it provides data support for controlling the construction loading rate. Real-time monitoring results can dynamically reflect the soil settlement status, help optimize the construction pace, and ensure the safety of the seawall structure.

[0117] The foregoing descriptions and embodiments are provided to enable those skilled in the art to understand and apply the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be easily made to these contents, and the general principles described herein can be applied to other embodiments without creative effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the foregoing descriptions and embodiments. Improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from its scope should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart monitoring device for settlement during the underwater construction phase of a seawall using bagged sand, characterized in that, It includes a probe and sealing structure, and a data receiving and transmission system; the probe and sealing structure and the data receiving and transmission system are connected by a waterproof measuring cable and a steel wire hose to jointly realize accurate and intelligent monitoring of settlement during the underwater construction of the sand-filled seawall; the probe and sealing structure are used for direct sensing of settlement signals in the underwater environment, and the data receiving and transmission system is used for data acquisition, processing, power supply and fluid replenishment.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The probe and sealing structure includes a housing, waterproof sealing mortar, protective tube, probe, steel wire hose, tightening clamp, and waterproof measuring cable; The box is a rectangular PE box with an open top, and through holes on the side for steel wire hoses and waterproof measuring cables to pass through. The inside is filled with waterproof sealing mortar to form a waterproof sealed cavity. The protective tube is a hollow stainless steel tube with a built-in probe fixed by screws; the probe is connected to the data receiving and transmission system through a flexible steel wire hose, and the two ends of the flexible steel wire hose are sealed by tightening clamps.

3. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The box body has dimensions of 50cm±5cm in length, 40cm±5cm in width, and 25cm±5cm in height, with a wall thickness of 3mm±0.5mm. A through hole with a diameter of 3cm±0.5cm is provided on the side for the steel wire hose and the waterproof measuring cable to pass through. The protective tube body has a length of 30cm±5cm and a diameter of 25cm±5cm, and threaded holes are drilled in the side wall for fixing the measuring head.

4. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The probe is a columnar structure with a diameter of 3cm±0.5cm and a length of 25cm±5cm, integrating a high-precision water pressure sensor and a temperature sensor; the steel wire hose has an inner diameter of 3cm±0.5cm and is wrapped with an outer steel wire reinforcement layer.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data receiving and transmission system includes a data acquisition and transmission box, a solar power supply system, a water supply tank, and a water storage tank. The data acquisition and transmission box has a built-in integrated acquisition unit and a transmission antenna. The solar power supply system includes solar panels and a battery. The water supply tank controls fluid output through partitions and valves. The water storage tank replenishes water to the water supply tank through a wirelessly controlled water pump. The data acquisition and transmission box is electrically or fluidly connected to the solar power supply system, the water supply tank, and the water storage tank, respectively.

6. The apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The data acquisition and transmission box is made of stainless steel or PE material, with dimensions of 30cm±5cm in length, 25cm±5cm in width, and 20cm±5cm in height. The transmission antenna supports 4G / 5G / WiFi protocols, and the integrated acquisition unit can simultaneously receive data signals from water level, temperature, tide level, and magnetostrictive sedimentation meter.

7. The apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The water supply tank includes a tank body, a partition compartment, a magnetostrictive sedimentation meter, and a pressure measuring tube; the partition compartment is a stainless steel cavity welded to the bottom of the tank body, with an opening at the bottom connecting to a water pipe connector with a valve; the magnetostrictive sedimentation meter is vertically installed inside the tank body to monitor water level changes in real time; the pressure measuring tube is an L-shaped transparent glass tube, with its horizontal section connected to a through hole at the bottom of the side of the tank body to observe the water head; The water storage tank includes a small water pump and a water pipe; the volume of the water storage tank is 1-2 m³. 3 It has a built-in small water pump; the water pump is started by a wireless control switch; the water pipe is a silicone / PE flexible hose with a diameter of about 10mm and a wall thickness of 2mm, one end of which is connected to the small water pump, and the other end extends out from the opening at the top of the water storage tank and into the water supply tank.

8. A method for intelligent monitoring of settlement during underwater construction of a sand-filled seawall based on the device described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Assemble the probe and sealing structure. Seal the probe inside the steel wire hose and fill it with water. After fixing it with the tightening clamp, embed it into the protective tube body. Then pour waterproof sealing mortar to form a sealed box. Step 2: Connect the probe and sealing structure to the data receiving and transmission system. Connect the probe to the water supply tank via a steel wire hose and connect it to the data acquisition and transmission box via a waterproof measuring cable. Step 3: Collect tide level data, water supply tank water level data, and probe water pressure data; make real-time judgments on data anomalies and automatically implement repair measures. Step 4: Process the normal data comprehensively and calculate the daily settlement through correlation analysis of tide level, water level and water pressure.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The data anomaly detection and repair measures in step three include: when the tide level data is interrupted, redeploy the tide level measuring probe; when the water level in the water supply tank drops to the height of the partition, close the corresponding valve and start the water pump in the storage tank to replenish water; when the probe data is interrupted, return to step one to remake the sealing structure.

10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The data processing in step four includes: recording the tide level data, water tank level data, and water pressure data as Ai, Bi, and Ci respectively, performing correlation analysis on the normal data, and calculating the daily settlement using the formula Di = Ci{Ai, Bi}, where Di is the corrected water pressure data; And the data values ​​for each probe on that day were: Where n≥24, that is, the larger n is, the more data sets there are, and the more accurate the average value is.

Images