Saline-alkali land treatment structure in arid region

Abstract

The utility model provides an arid area saline-alkali land treatment structure, which is characterized in that saline-alkali land is divided into a plurality of planting areas and a saline-alkali water collection and treatment area, each planting area comprises a planting layer, a water drainage and salt guide layer, a permeation-resistant air layer and an original layer, and the water drainage and salt guide layers are respectively positioned at the upper part of the permeation-resistant air layer and inside the original layer; the drainage salt guide layer, the permeation-resistant gas layer and the original layer are all in an inverted V shape with the high middle and the low two sides, and the hydraulic gradient of the slopes on the two sides is 1%-2%. The saline-alkali water collecting and treating area is composed of an alkali discharge channel, a filtering and collecting tank, an electro-adsorption tank, a water storage tank and an evaporation tank, the alkali discharge channel comprises an alkali discharge channel slope, an alkali discharge channel bottom surface and a water level sensor, and the hydraulic gradient of the alkali discharge channel bottom surface is 3%-5%. A filtering and collecting tank, an electro-adsorption tank, a water storage tank and an evaporation tank are arranged at the lowest-gradient end of the bottom surface of the alkali discharge channel. According to the utility model, a planting area layered improved structure is combined with a saline-alkaline water collection, treatment and storage integrated structure, so that the salt content of soil is reduced, and the recycling of saline-alkaline water is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the treatment of saline-alkali land in arid areas, and more particularly to a structure for the treatment of saline-alkali land in arid areas. Background Technology

[0002] Saline-alkali land refers to soil containing excessive soluble salts with high salt concentrations, an environment that inhibits or even harms plant growth. Soil salinization occurs because of excessive salt content in the soil and groundwater. Under strong surface evaporation, shallow groundwater is transported to the surface via capillary action and evaporates. During this capillary transport, salts are also carried to the surface. After evaporation, soil salts rise through capillary action and accumulate in the surface layer. The accumulated salts, without sufficient freshwater to dilute and remove them, lead to soil salinization.

[0003] The main problems encountered in the management of saline-alkali land in the arid Northwest region are as follows: the Northwest region has low rainfall and high evaporation, and salt transport is dominated by upward movement; saline-alkali land has poor permeability and low nutrient content; irrigation and salt washing methods such as flood irrigation can easily cause secondary salinization, and the discharged saline water has a high salt content and poses a risk of secondary pollution; traditional drainage ditches for saline-alkali land do not have slope treatment measures, which can easily lead to problems such as siltation and collapse, and cannot be used for a long time; traditional underground pipe salt drainage projects are large in scale and often get blocked during use, causing drainage difficulties. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model discloses a structure for treating saline-alkali land in arid regions. This utility model combines electro-adsorption desalination technology with filtration, storage, and evaporation, achieving effective treatment and utilization of saline-alkali water through filtration and electro-adsorption desalination of the collected saline-alkali water.

[0005] A structure for managing saline-alkali land in arid regions includes a planting area and a saline-alkali water collection and treatment area, which are alternately distributed. The planting area consists of, from bottom to top, an original layer, a second drainage and salt-conducting layer, a permeability-blocking and gas-conducting layer, a first drainage and salt-conducting layer, and a planting layer. The second drainage and salt-conducting layer is located inside the original layer and is composed of capillary water-conducting strips, laid horizontally and vertically at intervals of 40-60 cm within the original layer. The permeability-blocking and gas-conducting layer is located above the original layer, with a thickness of 6-8 cm, and is composed of superhydrophobic particles; the slope of the permeability-blocking and gas-conducting layer is consistent with the hydraulic slope of the original layer. The first drainage and salt-conducting layer is located above the permeability-blocking and gas-conducting layer, and is composed of capillary water-conducting strips laid at intervals of 50-80 cm. The planting layer... Above the first drainage salt-conducting layer, the planting layer is 60-80cm thick, laid with stripped original saline-alkali soil and then fertilized with microbial fertilizer. The saline-alkali water collection and treatment area consists of a drainage canal, a filtration and collection pool, an electro-adsorption pool, a storage pool, and an evaporation pool. The drainage canal consists of a drainage canal slope, a drainage canal bottom, and a water level sensor. The drainage canal slope is connected to the planting area and is planted with vegetation. Native salt-tolerant vegetation is planted above the air barrier layer, and salt-tolerant aquatic vegetation is planted below the air barrier layer. The water level sensor is located below the air barrier layer. Pumps on both sides of the filtration pool drain the saline-alkali water in the drainage canal to the filtration pool. The bottom of the drainage canal is hardened with ecological cement, with a hydraulic slope of 3%-5% to facilitate the flow of saline-alkali water.

[0006] Furthermore, the original layer is located at the bottom and is the saline-alkali soil exposed after the soil above is stripped away. The original layer is then trimmed into an inverted V-shape with a high center and low sides, with the hydraulic slope of the two sides being 1%-2%.

[0007] Furthermore, the capillary water-conducting strip on the first drainage salt-conducting layer is 4mm thick, 30cm wide, and at least as long as the original layer, with both ends located within the drainage ditch; the laying angle of the capillary water-conducting strip is consistent with the hydraulic gradient of the original layer. The capillary water-conducting strip on the second drainage salt-conducting layer is also 4mm thick, 30cm wide, and at least as long as the original layer, with both ends located within the drainage ditch; the laying angle of the capillary water-conducting strip is consistent with the hydraulic gradient of the original layer.

[0008] Furthermore, a filtration and collection tank, an electro-adsorption tank, a water storage tank, and an evaporation tank are installed on the side of the drainage ditch with a lower slope. The filtration and collection tank is divided into two parts: a filtration tank and a collection tank. Water pumps are installed on both sides of the filtration tank, and a filter layer is installed on the outside of the water pumps. The filter is located in the filtration tank and is connected to the two water pumps. After the brine water is filtered in the filter, it is stored in the collection tank through the drain outlet of the filter.

[0009] Furthermore, the filtration and collection tank is connected to the electro-adsorption tank, which includes a concentrate outlet, a desalination outlet, a water pump A, a water pump B, and an electro-adsorption unit. Water pump A is connected to the filtration and collection tank via a PVC pipe and is used to transport the saline water in the collection tank to the electro-adsorption tank for desalination treatment. The desalination outlet is connected to a water storage tank and is used to transport the desalinated water after electro-adsorption to the water storage tank for storage. Water pump B is connected to the water storage tank via a PVC pipe and is used to transport the desalinated water in the water storage tank to the electro-adsorption tank for electrode desorption. The concentrate outlet is connected to an evaporation tank and is used to transport the concentrated water after electrode desorption to the evaporation tank.

[0010] Furthermore, both pumps A and B are equipped with flow regulators on their outer sides, and the inlet flow rate of the electro-adsorption unit is 16-23 mL / s. The electro-adsorption unit includes an electrode assembly and a power regulator. The electrode assembly consists of at least one set of positive and negative electrodes. When water flows through the electro-adsorption unit, the positive and negative electrodes adsorb ions with opposite charges in the water, thereby reducing the concentration of mineral ions in the water.

[0011] The process of treating saline-alkali water using an electro-adsorption cell consists of three stages: electrode adsorption, intermittent period, and electrode desorption. The specific steps are as follows:

[0012] (1) Electrode adsorption process: The power regulator adjusts the power supply of the electrode unit to positive connection, and the inter-plate voltage is controlled at 1.7-1.9V. The flow regulator controls the water flow at 16-23mL / s. At this time, the concentrate outlet is closed, the desalination outlet is opened, water pump A is started, and water pump B is closed. The saline water in the collection tank enters the electrode unit through water pump A. The desalination produced after adsorption by the electrode unit enters the storage tank through the desalination outlet. The treatment time is controlled at 17.5-18.5min.

[0013] (2) Intermittent period: The power regulator cuts off the power, the concentrate outlet is closed, the desalination outlet is closed, and both pump A and pump B are turned off. The intermittent period is controlled within 10 seconds.

[0014] (3) Electrode desorption process: The power regulator adjusts the power supply of the electrode unit to reverse the connection, and the inter-plate voltage is controlled at 1.7-1.9V. The flow regulator controls the water flow at 16-23mL / s. At this time, the fresh water outlet is closed, the concentrated water outlet is open, water pump A is turned off, and water pump B is started. The fresh water in the storage tank enters the electrode unit through water pump B. The concentrated water produced after desorption by the electrode unit enters the evaporation tank through the concentrated water outlet. The treatment time is controlled at 2.5-3min.

[0015] Furthermore, the water storage tank is connected to the electro-adsorption tank, and a water pump C is installed inside the water storage tank. The water pump C is connected to the irrigation belt for irrigation of the planting area.

[0016] Furthermore, the evaporation tank is connected to the electroadsorption tank. The evaporation tank is used to evaporate the concentrated brine water generated after electrode desorption. The evaporation tank consists of a condenser top, a titanium oxynitride evaporation plate, a water collection tank, and a water supply pipe. The condenser top is triangular and made of transparent quartz material, which allows light to pass through, facilitates condensation, and prevents dripping. The titanium oxynitride evaporation plate is located at the bottom of the evaporation tank. The titanium oxynitride coating on the plate absorbs solar energy, generates heat, and accelerates water vapor evaporation. The water collection tank is located below the condenser top and is used to collect the water droplets condensed on the condenser top. The water supply pipe connects the water collection tank and the water storage tank, transporting the collected fresh water to the storage tank for storage.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0018] 1. Microbial fertilizer, which is produced by fermenting microbial agents and organic waste, can increase the number of microorganisms in the soil and reduce the salt content in the soil. This method is simple and easy to carry out, has no restrictions on the fermentation environment, and can quickly achieve the treatment of saline-alkali land.

[0019] 2. The original layer is modified into an inverted V-shape with a high center and low sides, and capillary drainage strips are laid. Gravity can be used to naturally drain water from the soil. This requires less work and will not cause blockages or other problems.

[0020] 3. Laying an air-blocking layer can cut off the "upward" channels of capillary water inside the soil, reducing soil salinization. Drainage and salt-conducting layers are laid above and below the air-blocking layer, which can promptly drain the saline water above and below the air-blocking layer, achieving a combination of "blocking" and "draining".

[0021] 4. This invention combines electro-adsorption desalination technology with filtration, storage, and evaporation. By filtering and electro-adsorption desalinating the collected saline-alkali water, effective treatment of saline-alkali wastewater is achieved. Further treatment of the wastewater is achieved by utilizing solar energy for evaporation. The combination of these technologies enables efficient utilization of saline-alkali wastewater and saves energy consumption.

[0022] 5. This utility model uses solid waste-based organic materials to reinforce the slope of the drainage canal and plants suitable vegetation in layers on the slope, thereby achieving the stability and landscape effect of the drainage canal. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 : Structural diagram of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 : Structural diagram of the planting area of ​​this utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 : Structural diagram of the saline water collection and treatment area of ​​this utility model;

[0026] Figure 4 : Structural diagram of the filter collection tank of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 5 Front view of the electroadsorption cell of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 6 : Rear view of the electro-adsorption cell of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 7 : Structural diagram of the electroadsorption cell of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 8 : Structural diagram of the water storage tank and evaporation tank of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 9 Cross-sectional view of the evaporation tank of this utility model;

[0032] Planting Area 1, Second Drainage Salt-Conducting Layer 101, Original Layer 102, Air-Barrier Layer 103, First Drainage Salt-Conducting Layer 104, Planting Layer 105, Capillary Water-Conducting Strip 106; Saline-Alkali Water Collection and Treatment Area 2, Drainage Canal 201, Filtration Collection Pool 202, Electro-Adsorption Pool 203, Water Storage Pool 204, Evaporation Pool 205; Drainage Canal Slope 2011, Drainage Canal Bottom 2012, Water Level Sensor 2013; Filtration Pool 2021, Collection Pool 2022, Water Pump 2023, Filter 2024, Filter Layer 2025; Concentrate Inlet 2031, Freshwater Inlet 2032, Water Pump A 2033, Water Pump B 2034, Electro-Adsorption Unit 2035, Electrode Group 2036, Power Controller 2037, Water Pump C 2041, condenser top 2051, titanium oxynitride evaporator 2052, water collection tank 2053, water supply pipe 2054, limit sensor 2053, water injector 2054. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following specific embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "up" and "down" used in the following description refer to the directions in the accompanying drawings, and the terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific component, respectively.

[0034] Depend on Figure 1-2It can be seen that, from bottom to top, planting area 1 consists of the original layer 102, the second drainage and salt-conducting layer 101, the air-blocking layer 103, the first drainage and salt-conducting layer 104, and the planting layer 105. The original layer 102 is located at the bottom and is the saline-alkali soil exposed after the upper soil is stripped away. The original layer 102 is shaped into an inverted V-shape with a high center and low sides, and the hydraulic slope of the two sides is 1%-2%. The second drainage and salt-conducting layer 101 is located inside the original layer 102 and consists of capillary water-conducting strips 106. The capillary water-conducting strips 106 are laid horizontally and vertically at intervals of 40-60cm. The capillary water-conducting strips 106 are 4mm thick, 30cm wide, and longer than or equal to the original layer, with both ends located in the drainage ditch. The angle at which the capillary water-conducting strips 106 are laid is consistent with the hydraulic slope of the original layer 102. The air barrier layer 103, located above the original layer 102, is 6-8 cm thick and composed of superhydrophobic particles. The slope of the air barrier layer 103 is consistent with the hydraulic slope of the original layer 102. 5% plant gum is added to the superhydrophobic particles for compaction, with a compaction degree ≥60%, ensuring the stability of the air barrier layer. The superhydrophobic particles have a water droplet contact angle of 110°-160°, a particle size of (0.2-4 mm):(0.5-8 mm) = 1:1, a porosity ≤35%, and a bulk density of 1300 kg / m³. 3 -1800Kg / m 3 The first drainage and salt-conducting layer 104 is located above the air-permeable barrier layer 103. The first drainage and salt-conducting layer 104 consists of capillary water-conducting strips 106, laid at intervals of 50-80 cm. The capillary water-conducting strips 106 are 4 mm thick, 30 cm wide, and at least as long as the original layer, with both ends located within the drainage ditch. The laying angle of the capillary water-conducting strips 106 maintains the same hydraulic slope as the original layer 102. The planting layer 105 is located above the first drainage and salt-conducting layer 104. The planting layer 105 is 60-80 cm thick and is constructed from stripped original saline-alkali soil, after which microbial fertilizer is applied. The hydraulic slope of the planting layer 105 is 0%. Microbial fertilizer is made by fermenting a mixture of microbial agents and organic waste at a ratio of 1:90. The microbial agents include one or more of the following: Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Trichoderma viride, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium oxalate, and Bacillus polymyxa. These agents offer advantages such as enhancing soil water retention, improving plant disease resistance, and accelerating the fermentation process. The organic waste is composed of agricultural and forestry waste mixed with livestock manure at a ratio of 3:7. The fermentation cycle for the microbial fertilizer is 15 days, during which the temperature is controlled at 40℃-45℃ and the humidity at 30%-40%.

[0035] Table 1 Comparison of soil salinity before and after planting area transformation.

[0036]

[0037] Depend on Figure 1 It can be seen that the saline-alkali water collection and treatment area 2 is distributed alternately with the planting area 1. The saline-alkali water collection and treatment area 2 consists of a drainage canal 201, a filtration and collection pond 202, an electro-adsorption pond 203, a water storage pond 204, and an evaporation pond 205. The drainage canal 201 is used to collect saline-alkali water from the planting area 1. The drainage canal 201 consists of a drainage canal slope 2011, a drainage canal bottom surface 2012, and a water level sensor 2013. The drainage ditch slope 2011 is connected to planting area 1. The drainage ditch slope 2011 is constructed by spraying solid waste-based organic materials that have undergone complete heavy metal decomposition. These materials are made from a mixture of fly ash, coal gangue, animal manure, and agricultural and forestry waste in a 3:2:4:1 ratio, which is then decomposed and fermented. 10% plant adhesive is added during spraying to enhance slope stability. Vegetation is planted on the drainage ditch slope 2011, with native salt-tolerant vegetation planted above the air barrier layer 103 and salt-tolerant aquatic vegetation planted below it. A water level sensor 2013, located below the air barrier layer 103, monitors the water level in the drainage ditch 201. When the water level reaches a threshold, the pump 2023 of the filtration collection tank 202 is activated to drain the saline water from the drainage ditch 201 into the filtration tank 2021. The bottom of the drainage canal was hardened with ecological cement in 2012, with a hydraulic slope of 3%-5% to facilitate the flow of saline water.

[0038] Depend on Figure 3-4 It is known that a filtration and collection tank 202, an electro-adsorption tank 203, a water storage tank 204, and an evaporation tank 205 are installed on the side of the bottom surface 2012 of the alkali drainage channel with a lower slope. The filtration and collection tank 202 is divided into two parts: a filtration tank 2021 and a collection tank 2022. Water pumps 2023 are installed on both sides of the filtration tank 2021. A filter layer 2025 is installed on the outside of the water pumps 2023 to block larger impurities in the saline water. The filter layer 2025 is removable for easy cleaning. A filter 2024 is located in the filtration tank 2021 and is connected to the two water pumps 2023. After the saline water is filtered in the filter 2024, it is stored in the collection tank 2022 through the filter's drain outlet 2026.

[0039] Depend on Figure 3 , Figure 5-7It is known that the filtration collection tank 202 is connected to the electro-adsorption tank 203. The electro-adsorption tank 203 includes a concentrate outlet 2031, a desalination outlet 2032, a water pump A 2033, a water pump B 2034, and an electro-adsorption unit 2035. Water pump A 2033 is connected to the collection tank 2022 via a PVC pipe and is used to transport the saline water in the collection tank 2022 to the electro-adsorption tank 203 for desalination treatment. The desalination outlet 2032 is connected to the storage tank 204 and is used to transport the desalinated water after electro-adsorption to the storage tank 204 for storage. Water pump B 2034 is connected to the storage tank 204 via a PVC pipe and is used to transport the desalinated water in the storage tank 204 to the electro-adsorption tank 203 for electrode desorption. The concentrate outlet 2031 is connected to the evaporation tank 205 and is used to transport the concentrated water after electrode desorption to the evaporation tank 205.

[0040] Both pump A 2033 and pump B 2034 use concealed PVC pipes. Both pumps have flow regulators on their outer sides. By controlling the output of pumps A 2033 and B 2034, the flow rate through the electrode adsorption unit 2035 can be adjusted. Different flow rates affect the desalination efficiency of the saline-alkali water. The inlet flow rate of the electro-adsorption unit 2035 not only affects the amount of water processed per unit time but also the residence time of the saline-alkali water in the electrode unit's flow channel, thus determining the quality of the effluent from the electro-adsorption process. The inlet flow rate is controlled at 16-23 mL / s.

[0041] The electro-adsorption unit 2035 includes an electrode assembly 2036 and a power regulator 2037. The electrode assembly 2036 consists of at least one set of positive and negative electrodes. When water flows through the electrode adsorption unit 2035, the positive and negative electrodes adsorb ions with opposite charges in the water, reducing the concentration of mineral ions in the water. The power regulator 2037 is used to control the opening and closing of the concentrate outlet 2031 and the desalination outlet 2032, the current direction of the electrode adsorption unit 2035, and the inter-plate voltage of the electrode assembly 2036. The inter-plate voltage affects the desalination efficiency of the saline water. The inter-plate voltage applied on both sides of the electrode plates affects the electric field strength in the flow channel, which is the driving force for the directional movement of ions and directly affects the desalination efficiency of electro-adsorption. The inter-plate voltage is controlled at 1.7-1.9V. In the process of treating saline water by the electro-adsorption unit, increasing the treatment time of the electro-adsorption unit can increase the contact time between the saline water and the electrodes, give full play to the adsorption capacity of the electrodes, thereby reducing the ion concentration in the water and improving the quality of the effluent.

[0042] The process of treating saline-alkali water in electro-adsorption cell 203 is divided into electrode adsorption process, intermittent period, and electrode desorption process. (1) Electrode adsorption process: Power regulator 2037 adjusts the power supply of the electrode group to positive power supply, the interplate voltage is controlled at 1.7-1.9V, and the flow regulator controls the water flow at 16-23mL / s. At this time, the concentrate port 2031 is closed, the desalination port 2032 is opened, the pump A 2033 is started, and the pump B 2034 is closed. The saline-alkali water in the collection tank 2022 enters the electro-adsorption unit 2035 through the pump A 2033. The desalination water produced after adsorption by the electrode unit enters the storage tank 204 through the desalination port 2032. The treatment time is controlled at 17.5-18.5min. (2) Intermittent period: Power regulator 2037 cuts off the power, concentrate outlet 2031 closes, freshwater outlet 2032 closes, and pumps A 2033 and B 2034 are both turned off. The intermittent period is controlled within 10 seconds. (3) Electrode desorption process: Power regulator 2037 adjusts the power supply of the electrode group to reverse the connection, the interplate voltage is controlled at 1.7-1.9V, and the flow regulator controls the water flow at 16-23mL / s. At this time, freshwater outlet 2032 is closed, concentrate outlet 2031 is opened, pump A 2033 is turned off, and pump B 2034 is started. Freshwater in storage tank 204 enters electroadsorption unit 2035 through pump B 2034, and concentrate produced after electrode desorption enters evaporation tank 205 through concentrate outlet 2032. The treatment time is controlled at 2.5-3 minutes.

[0043] Table 2 Comparison of saline water before and after treatment by electroadsorption cell

[0044] index pH Electrical conductivity (μS / cm) TDS(g / L) Before adsorption 8.34 5869 3870 After adsorption 7.69 1065 965

[0045] Depend on Figure 3 It can be seen that the water storage tank 204 is connected to the electro-adsorption tank 203, and the water storage tank 204 is equipped with a water pump C 2041. The water pump C 2041 is connected to the irrigation belt and is used for irrigation of the planting area 1.

[0046] Depend on Figure 8It is known that the evaporation tank 205 is connected to the electroadsorption tank 203. The evaporation tank 205 is used to evaporate the concentrated water generated after electrode desorption. The evaporation tank 205 consists of a condenser top 2051, a titanium oxynitride evaporation plate 2052, a water collection tank 2053, and a water supply pipe 2054. The condenser top 2051 is triangular and made of transparent quartz material, which allows light to pass through, condenses water, and prevents dripping. The titanium oxynitride evaporation plate 2052 is located at the bottom of the evaporation tank 205. The titanium oxynitride coating of the titanium oxynitride evaporation plate 2052 can absorb solar energy, generate heat energy, and accelerate water vapor evaporation. The water collection tank 2053 is located below the condenser top 2051 and is used to collect the water droplets condensed on the condenser top 2051. The water supply pipe 2054 is used to connect the water collection tank 2053 and the water storage tank 204 to transport the collected fresh water to the water storage tank 204 for storage.

[0047] The technical means disclosed in this utility model are not limited to the technical means disclosed in the above embodiments, but also include technical solutions composed of any combination of the above technical features.

Claims

1. A structure for managing saline-alkali land in arid areas, characterized in that: It includes a planting area (1) and a saline-alkali water collection and treatment area (2), which are distributed alternately. The planting area (1) consists of, from bottom to top, the original layer (102), the second drainage and salt-conducting layer (101), the air-blocking layer (103), the first drainage and salt-conducting layer (104), and the planting layer (105). The second drainage and salt-conducting layer (101) is located inside the original layer (102) and is composed of capillary water-conducting strips (106). Horizontal and vertical capillary water-conducting strips are laid at intervals of 40-60 cm inside the original layer (102). (106); The air barrier layer (103) is located above the original layer (102), with a thickness of 6-8 cm, and is composed of superhydrophobic particles. The slope of the air barrier layer (103) is consistent with the hydraulic slope of the original layer (102); The first drainage and salt-conducting layer (104) is located above the air barrier layer (103). The first drainage and salt-conducting layer (104) is composed of capillary water-conducting strips (106), and the spacing between the capillary water-conducting strips (106) is 50-80 cm; The planting layer (105) is located above the first drainage and salt-conducting layer (104). The planting layer (105) is 60-80cm thick and is laid with stripped original saline-alkali soil and then fertilized with microbial fertilizer; the saline-alkali water collection and treatment area (2) consists of a drainage ditch (201), a filter collection pool (202), an electro-adsorption pool (203), a water storage pool (204), and an evaporation pool (205); the drainage ditch (201) consists of a drainage ditch slope (2011), a drainage ditch bottom surface (2012), and a water level sensor (2013); the drainage ditch slope (2011) is connected to the planting area (1), and the drainage ditch slope ( 2011) is planted with vegetation, of which native salt-tolerant vegetation is planted above the air barrier layer (103) and salt-tolerant aquatic vegetation is planted below the air barrier layer (103); the water level sensor (2013) is located below the air barrier layer (103); the water pumps (2023) on both sides of the filter pool (2021) discharge the saline water in the drainage ditch (201) into the filter pool (2021); the bottom surface (2012) of the drainage ditch is hardened with ecological cement, of which the hydraulic slope of the bottom surface is 3%-5% to facilitate the flow of saline water.

2. The structure for treating saline-alkali land in arid areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The original layer (102) is located at the bottom and is the saline-alkali soil exposed after the soil above is stripped. The original layer (102) is trimmed into an inverted V shape with a high middle and low sides, and the hydraulic slope of the two sides is 1%-2%.

3. The structure for treating saline-alkali land in arid areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The capillary water-conducting strip (106) on the first drainage salt-conducting layer (104) is 4 mm thick, 30 cm wide, and ≥ the length of the original layer, with both ends located within the drainage ditch (201); the laying angle of the capillary water-conducting strip is consistent with the hydraulic slope of the original layer; the capillary water-conducting strip (106) on the second drainage salt-conducting layer (101) is 4 mm thick, 30 cm wide, and ≥ the length of the original layer, with both ends located within the drainage ditch (201); the laying angle of the capillary water-conducting strip (106) is consistent with the hydraulic slope of the original layer (102).

4. The structure for managing saline-alkali land in arid areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter collection tank (202), an electro-adsorption tank (203), a water storage tank (204), and an evaporation tank (205) are installed on the side of the bottom surface (2012) of the alkali drainage channel with a low slope. The filter collection tank (202) is divided into two parts: a filter tank (2021) and a collection tank (2022). Water pumps (2023) are installed on both sides of the filter tank (2021), and a filter layer (2025) is installed on the outside of the water pumps (2023). The filter (2024) is located in the filter tank (2021) and is connected to the two water pumps (2023). After the saline water is filtered in the filter (2024), it is stored in the collection tank (2022) through the drain outlet (2026) of the filter.

5. The structure for treating saline-alkali land in arid areas according to claim 4, characterized in that: The filtration collection tank (202) is connected to the electro-adsorption tank (203). The electro-adsorption tank (203) includes a concentrate outlet (2031), a desalination outlet (2032), a water pump A (2033), a water pump B (2034), and an electro-adsorption unit (2035). The water pump A (2033) is connected to the collection tank (2022) through a PVC pipe and is used to transport the saline water in the collection tank (2022) to the electro-adsorption tank (203) for desalination treatment. The desalination outlet (2032) is connected to the water storage tank (204) and is used to transport the desalinated water after electro-adsorption to the water storage tank. (204) is stored in the water tank; the water pump B (2034) is connected to the water tank (204) through a PVC pipe and is used to transport the fresh water in the water tank (204) to the electro-adsorption tank (203) for electrode desorption; the concentrate outlet (2031) is connected to the evaporation tank (205) and is used to transport the concentrated water after electrode desorption to the evaporation tank (205); the water tank (204) is connected to the electro-adsorption tank (203), and the water tank (204) is equipped with a water pump C (2041), which is connected to the irrigation belt for irrigation of the planting area (1).

6. The structure for treating saline-alkali land in arid areas according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both pump A (2033) and pump B (2034) are equipped with flow regulators on their outer sides. The inlet flow rate of the electro-adsorption unit (2035) is 16-23 mL / s. The electro-adsorption unit (2035) includes an electrode group (2036) and a power regulator (2037). The electrode group (2036) consists of at least one set of positive and negative electrodes. When water flows through the electro-adsorption unit (2035), the positive and negative electrodes adsorb ions with opposite charges in the water, thereby reducing the concentration of mineral ions in the water.

7. The structure for treating saline-alkali land in arid areas according to claim 5, characterized in that: The evaporation tank (205) is connected to the electro-adsorption tank (203); the evaporation tank (205) consists of a condenser top (2051), a titanium oxynitride evaporation plate (2052), a water collection tank (2053), and a water supply pipe (2054). The titanium oxynitride evaporation plate (2052) is located at the bottom of the evaporation tank (205); the water collection tank (2053) is located below the condenser top (2051); the water supply pipe (2054) is used to connect the water collection tank (2053) and the water storage tank (204) to transport the collected fresh water to the water storage tank for storage.

8. The structure for treating saline-alkali land in arid areas according to claim 7, characterized in that: The condenser top (2051) is triangular and made of transparent quartz material.

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