Plant extract-containing premixed feed for livestock and poultry and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a premix feed containing plant extracts for livestock and poultry and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of animal feeds, the premix feed comprises the following components by weight: 0.8-2.5% of multivitamins, 0.6-1.5% of taurine, 2-10% of plant extract nanocrystals, 1-3% of a mineral premix, 0.5-1% of tea polyphenol / chitosan nanoparticles, and the balance of a carrier; the raw material of the plant extract is a mixture formed by mixing smoked plum, ginger, pericarpium arecae, rosemary, perilla frutescens, honeysuckle, astragalus membranaceus, folium cortex eucommiae and pericarpium citri reticulatae according to the mass ratio of (3-5): (4-6): (3-5): (0.8-1.2): 0.5: 0.5: 1: (1-2): 0.8. The piglets fed with the premix feed have more excellent growth performance, intestinal health and immune function.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of animal feed technology, and in particular to a premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] As livestock and poultry farming develops towards large-scale and intensive operations, premixed feed, as a core component of livestock and poultry nutrition, has upgraded its function from "basic nutritional supplementation" to "health regulation." Premixed feed is a homogeneous mixture made by combining various trace components (vitamins, minerals, amino acids, drug additives, etc.) required by livestock and poultry with a carrier in a specific ratio. Traditional premixed feed mainly relies on chemically synthesized additives, and long-term use can easily lead to problems such as drug residues and bacterial resistance in livestock and poultry products, threatening food safety and the ecological environment. It is under these circumstances that premixed feeds for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts have emerged, attracting widespread attention within the industry.

[0003] Traditional premixed feeds for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts often use single plant extracts. The active ingredients in single plant extracts have limited targets and their effect on regulating the gut microbiota of livestock and poultry is limited, failing to meet the comprehensive health requirements of large-scale farming. Furthermore, commercially available premixed feeds containing plant extracts often suffer from compatibility issues with vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients; poor synergy between nutritional and functional components; low automation and uniformity in the preparation process; a conflict between feed utilization and environmental friendliness; and insufficient targeted delivery and bioavailability of active ingredients.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, patent application CN104115999A discloses a traditional Chinese medicine feed additive and a feed containing the additive. The additive is a mixture of 19 traditional Chinese medicines: Forsythia suspensa, Lonicera japonica, Dryopteris crassirhizoma, Saposhnikovia divaricata, Bupleurum chinense, Astragalus membranaceus, Atractylodes macrocephala, Poria cocos, Citrus reticulata peel, Angelica sinensis, Paeonia lactiflora, Scutellaria baicalensis, Coptis chinensis, Plantago asiatica, Cassia tora, Rheum palmatum, Ephedra sinica, Magnolia officinalis, and Glycyrrhiza uralensis. The additive is pulverized and added to the feed, mixed thoroughly to obtain the feed containing the additive. The amount of the additive added is 0.5-2.0% of the total feed weight. This invention is green, safe, and leaves no drug residues. It has multiple functions for animals, including strengthening the body's constitution, regulating physiological functions, improving immunity, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antiviral effects. It has significant preventive and therapeutic effects on common animal diseases such as stress, colds, and scours, greatly improving breeding efficiency. However, it still has technical shortcomings, such as a lack of synergistic effects among its components, susceptibility to antagonism, poor bioavailability of active ingredients, and inability to adapt to stress-sensitive livestock and poultry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts and its preparation method. By optimizing the extraction process and formula design, the invention solves the technical problems of low stability, insufficient utilization and environmental friendliness of plant active ingredients, and single target of action, and achieves the dual effects of nutrition and health care.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts, comprising the following components by weight percentage: 0.8-2.5% compound vitamins, 0.6-1.5% taurine, 2-10% plant extract nanocrystals, 1-3% mineral premix, 0.5-1% tea polyphenol / chitosan nanoparticles, with the remainder being a carrier; the raw materials for the plant extracts are a mixture of dried plum, ginger, areca peel, rosemary, perilla, honeysuckle, astragalus, eucommia leaves, and dried tangerine peel in a mass ratio of (3-5):(4-6):(3-5):(0.8-1.2):0.5:0.5:1:(1-2):0.8.

[0007] Preferably, the compound vitamins include: vitamin A 250,000-300,000 IU / kg, vitamin D3 20,000-49,000 IU / kg, vitamin E 100-150 mg / kg, vitamin K3 25-35 mg / kg, vitamin B1 15-25 mg / kg, vitamin B2 30-50 mg / kg, vitamin B6 20-30 mg / kg, vitamin B12 0.05-0.1 mg / kg, niacin 100-150 mg / kg, calcium pantothenate 50-80 mg / kg, folic acid 5-10 mg / kg, and biotin 0.1-0.3 mg / kg.

[0008] Preferably, the mineral premix comprises: 15-20 g / kg ferrous sulfate, 1.5-2.5 g / kg copper sulfate, 10-15 g / kg zinc sulfate, 5-8 g / kg manganese sulfate, 0.03-0.05 g / kg sodium selenite, 0.05-0.1 g / kg potassium iodide, and 0.01-0.03 g / kg cobalt chloride.

[0009] Preferably, the tea polyphenol / chitosan nanoparticles are prepared according to the method of Example 1 of Chinese Invention Patent No. CN101856432B.

[0010] Preferably, the carrier is one or a combination of defatted rice bran, corn gluten powder or wheat bran, with a particle size of 40-60 mesh and a moisture content of ≤10%.

[0011] Preferably, the method for preparing the plant extract nanocrystals includes the following steps: Step S1: Ginger, Eucommia ulmoides leaves, rosemary, dried tangerine peel and perilla are mixed and pulverized to 60 mesh to obtain mixed raw material powder A. Mixed raw material powder A and 70% ethanol aqueous solution are added to an ultrasonic extraction tank. The temperature is set to 40℃, the power to 500W and the extraction time to 60min. The mixture is filtered with a 300-mesh filter cloth, the mixed extract is collected, and the solvent is removed by rotary evaporation to obtain a fat-soluble mixed extract. Step S2: Mix and pulverize the areca peel, dried plum, and honeysuckle to 60 mesh to obtain mixed raw material powder B. Add mixed raw material powder B and distilled water to a reflux extraction tank, extract at 95-98℃ for 2-3 hours. First, filter to remove residue using a 300-mesh filter cloth, then add 0.1wt% activated carbon, stir at 30℃ for 30 minutes, and finally filter through a 0.22μm microporous membrane. Remove the solvent by rotary evaporation to obtain a water-soluble mixed extract. Step S3: Add the fat-soluble mixed extract, the water-soluble mixed extract, and Tween 80 to an ethanol aqueous solution with a mass percentage concentration of 70%, stir evenly, and obtain a mixed extract suspension. Step S4: After adding the composite stabilizer to the mixed extract suspension and stirring evenly, transfer it to a high-speed shearing machine and shear at 10000-12000 r / min for 7-9 min to form a coarse dispersion; then use a high-pressure homogenizer to cycle and homogenize 13-16 times at 840-900 bar and 25-30℃; then use intermittent ultrasonic-assisted treatment; finally spray dry to obtain plant extract nanocrystals.

[0012] Preferably, the ratio of the mixed raw material powder A and the ethanol aqueous solution in step S1 is 1g:10mL.

[0013] Preferably, the ratio of the mixed raw material powder B to distilled water in step S2 is 1g:12mL.

[0014] Preferably, the mass ratio of the fat-soluble mixed extract, Tween 80, and ethanol aqueous solution in step S3 is 25:0.14:(5-8).

[0015] Preferably, the mass ratio of the mixed extract suspension and the composite stabilizer in step S4 is 100:(5-7).

[0016] Preferably, the composite stabilizer in step S4 is a mixture of poloxamer 188 and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose in a mass ratio of 3:2.

[0017] Preferably, the power of the intermittent ultrasound-assisted treatment in step S4 is 350W, the temperature is 25℃, the working time is 30s, the pause time is 10s, and the total treatment time is 20-25min.

[0018] Another objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing the premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts, comprising the following steps: adding each component into a mixer, mixing evenly, and then packaging immediately to obtain the premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts.

[0019] Preferably, the mixing temperature is 20-25℃, the relative humidity is ≤60%, and the mixer speed is 25-35rpm.

[0020] Due to the application of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The method for preparing the premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts disclosed in this invention is simple, easy to control, has low equipment requirements, low investment, is conducive to industrial production, and has high promotion and application value.

[0021] (2) The premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts disclosed in this invention comprises the following components by weight percentage: 0.8-2.5% compound vitamins, 0.6-1.5% taurine, 2-10% plant extract nanocrystals, 1-3% mineral premix, 0.5-1% tea polyphenols / chitosan nanoparticles, and the remainder being a carrier; the raw materials of the plant extracts are a mixture of dried plum, ginger, areca peel, rosemary, perilla, honeysuckle, astragalus, eucommia leaves, and tangerine peel in a mass ratio of (3-5):(4-6):(3-5):(0.8-1.2):0.5:0.5:1:(1-2):0.8; through the mutual cooperation and synergistic effect between the components, the premixed feed can significantly improve the immunity of livestock and poultry, improve growth performance and intestinal health; the active ingredients have good stability, high utilization rate, excellent environmental protection, targeted delivery and sufficient bioavailability, which can effectively improve the quality of livestock and poultry products and achieve the dual effects of nutrition and health care.

[0022] (3) The premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts disclosed in this invention uses plant extract nanocrystals instead of traditional plant extract compositions, achieving a dual breakthrough in activity retention and bioavailability. This effectively solves the core contradiction of "high addition but low bioavailability" of fat-soluble plant components in the prior art, providing key support for the functional enhancement of antibiotic-free feeds. Plant extract nanocrystals, through the physical encapsulation effect of nano-sized particles, combined with the synergistic effect of tea polyphenol / chitosan nanoparticles (tea polyphenol antioxidant + chitosan physical barrier), significantly improve the stability of active ingredients, ensuring the dual effectiveness of feed nutrition and function; with the advantage of particle size and negative surface potential, they can specifically adhere to the intestinal mucosa surface of livestock and poultry, achieving targeted release of active ingredients.

[0023] (4) The premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts disclosed in this invention is a mixture of dried plum, ginger, areca peel, rosemary, perilla, honeysuckle, astragalus, eucommia leaves, and tangerine peel in a mass ratio of (3-5):(4-6):(3-5):(0.8-1.2):0.5:0.5:1:(1-2):0.8. It relies on astragalus polysaccharide and honeysuckle chlorogenic acid to activate immune cells and inhibit pathogenic bacteria, and combines rosmarinic acid and perilla flavonoids to repair the intestinal mucosa, thus doubly enhancing the immunity of livestock and poultry to reduce mortality and diarrhea rates. It also uses gingerol from ginger to promote the secretion of digestive enzymes. The combination of dried tangerine peel and areca peel accelerates digestion and, combined with Eucommia ulmoides leaf components, regulates intestinal flora and improves feed conversion efficiency. At the same time, rosmarinic acid and perilla flavonoids construct an antioxidant network, extending the shelf life of feed. The extracts of Astragalus membranaceus and Eucommia ulmoides leaves reduce oxidative damage to the body. Perilla α-linolenic acid optimizes the fat composition of meat, Eucommia ulmoides leaf components improve the tenderness of meat, and ginger and dried tangerine peel enhance the flavor. All raw materials are of medicinal and edible origin, achieving antibiotic-free and residue-free results. Furthermore, through precise optimization of the proportions of each component, it is adapted to the physiological needs of different poultry and livestock such as chickens, pigs, and cattle, achieving the comprehensive value of "immune enhancement, digestive optimization, antioxidant, meat quality improvement, and green antibiotic-free".

[0024] (5) The premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts disclosed in this invention breaks through the industry perception that "efficient extraction is inevitably accompanied by loss of active ingredients" by "scientific grouping and mixing extraction of fat-soluble and water-soluble ingredients", and achieves dual optimization of "efficiency-effect". Thanks to the nanocrystal preparation process of "high pressure homogenization + intermittent ultrasound" and the avoidance of component antagonism by grouping extraction, the retention rate of active ingredients and bioavailability of plant extract nanocrystals are synergistically improved. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The following description is intended to disclose the invention and enable those skilled in the art to implement it. The preferred embodiments described below are merely examples, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.

[0026] Example 1 A premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts comprises the following components by weight percentage: 0.8% compound vitamins, 0.6% taurine, 2% plant extract nanocrystals, 1% mineral premix, 0.5% tea polyphenol / chitosan nanoparticles, and the remainder being a carrier; the raw materials for the plant extracts are a mixture of dried plum, ginger, areca peel, rosemary, perilla, honeysuckle, astragalus, eucommia leaves, and dried tangerine peel in a mass ratio of 3:4:3:0.8:0.5:0.5:1:1:0.8.

[0027] The multivitamin includes: Vitamin A 250,000 IU / kg, Vitamin D3 20,000 IU / kg, Vitamin E 100 mg / kg, Vitamin K3 25 mg / kg, Vitamin B1 15 mg / kg, Vitamin B2 30 mg / kg, Vitamin B6 20 mg / kg, Vitamin B12 0.05 mg / kg, Niacin 100 mg / kg, Calcium Pantothenate 50 mg / kg, Folic Acid 5 mg / kg, and Biotin 0.1 mg / kg.

[0028] The mineral premix comprises: 15 g / kg ferrous sulfate, 1.5 g / kg copper sulfate, 10 g / kg zinc sulfate, 5 g / kg manganese sulfate, 0.03 g / kg sodium selenite, 0.05 g / kg potassium iodide, and 0.01 g / kg cobalt chloride.

[0029] The tea polyphenol / chitosan nanoparticles were prepared according to the method of Example 1 of Chinese Invention Patent No. CN101856432B; the carrier was defatted rice bran with a particle size of 40-60 mesh and a moisture content of ≤10%.

[0030] The preparation method of the plant extract nanocrystals includes the following steps: Step S1: Ginger, Eucommia ulmoides leaves, rosemary, dried tangerine peel and perilla are mixed and pulverized to 60 mesh to obtain mixed raw material powder A. Mixed raw material powder A and 70% ethanol aqueous solution are added to an ultrasonic extraction tank. The temperature is set to 40℃, the power to 500W and the extraction time to 60min. The mixture is filtered with a 300-mesh filter cloth, the mixed extract is collected, and the solvent is removed by rotary evaporation to obtain a fat-soluble mixed extract. Step S2: Mix and pulverize the areca peel, dried plum, and honeysuckle to 60 mesh to obtain mixed raw material powder B. Add mixed raw material powder B and distilled water to a reflux extraction tank, extract at 95℃ for 2 hours. First, filter with a 300-mesh filter cloth to remove residue, then add 0.1wt% activated carbon, stir at 30℃ for 30 minutes, and finally filter through a 0.22μm microporous membrane. Remove the solvent by rotary evaporation to obtain a water-soluble mixed extract. Step S3: Add the fat-soluble mixed extract, the water-soluble mixed extract, and Tween 80 to an ethanol aqueous solution with a mass percentage concentration of 70%, stir evenly, and obtain a mixed extract suspension. Step S4: After adding the composite stabilizer to the mixed extract suspension and stirring evenly, the mixture is transferred to a high-speed shearing machine and sheared at 10000 r / min for 7 min to form a coarse dispersion. Then, it is homogenized 13 times by a high-pressure homogenizer at 840 bar and 25℃. Subsequently, it is treated with intermittent ultrasound. Finally, it is spray-dried to obtain plant extract nanocrystals.

[0031] In step S1, the ratio of mixed raw material powder A to ethanol aqueous solution is 1g:10mL; in step S2, the ratio of mixed raw material powder B to distilled water is 1g:12mL; and in step S3, the mass ratio of lipid-soluble mixed extract, Tween 80, and ethanol aqueous solution is 25:0.14:5.

[0032] In step S4, the mass ratio of the mixed extract suspension to the composite stabilizer is 100:5; the composite stabilizer is a mixture of poloxamer 188 and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose in a mass ratio of 3:2; the power of the intermittent ultrasound-assisted treatment in step S4 is 350W, the temperature is 25℃, the working time is 30s, the pause time is 10s, and the total treatment time is 20min.

[0033] A method for preparing a premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts includes the following steps: adding each component to a mixer, mixing evenly, and then packaging immediately to obtain a premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts; the mixing temperature is 20°C, the relative humidity is ≤60%, and the mixer speed is 25 rpm.

[0034] Example 2 A premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts comprises the following components by weight percentage: 1.2% compound vitamins, 0.8% taurine, 4% plant extract nanocrystals, 1.5% mineral premix, 0.6% tea polyphenol / chitosan nanoparticles, and the remainder being a carrier; the raw materials for the plant extracts are a mixture of dried plum, ginger, areca peel, rosemary, perilla, honeysuckle, astragalus, eucommia leaves, and dried tangerine peel in a mass ratio of 3.5:4.5:3.5:0.9:0.5:0.5:1:1.2:0.8.

[0035] The multivitamin contains: Vitamin A 270,000 IU / kg, Vitamin D3 30,000 IU / kg, Vitamin E 110 mg / kg, Vitamin K3 28 mg / kg, Vitamin B1 18 mg / kg, Vitamin B2 35 mg / kg, Vitamin B6 23 mg / kg, Vitamin B12 0.07 mg / kg, Niacin 120 mg / kg, Calcium Pantothenate 60 mg / kg, Folic Acid 6 mg / kg, and Biotin 0.15 mg / kg.

[0036] The mineral premix comprises: 17 g / kg ferrous sulfate, 1.8 g / kg copper sulfate, 12 g / kg zinc sulfate, 6 g / kg manganese sulfate, 0.035 g / kg sodium selenite, 0.07 g / kg potassium iodide, and 0.015 g / kg cobalt chloride; the tea polyphenol / chitosan nanoparticles are prepared according to the method of Example 1 of Chinese Invention Patent No. CN101856432B; the carrier is corn gluten powder with a particle size of 40-60 mesh and a moisture content ≤10%.

[0037] The preparation method of the plant extract nanocrystals includes the following steps: Step S1: Ginger, Eucommia ulmoides leaves, rosemary, dried tangerine peel and perilla are mixed and pulverized to 60 mesh to obtain mixed raw material powder A. Mixed raw material powder A and 70% ethanol aqueous solution are added to an ultrasonic extraction tank. The temperature is set to 40℃, the power to 500W and the extraction time to 60min. The mixture is filtered with a 300-mesh filter cloth, the mixed extract is collected, and the solvent is removed by rotary evaporation to obtain a fat-soluble mixed extract. Step S2: Mix and pulverize the areca peel, dried plum, and honeysuckle to 60 mesh to obtain mixed raw material powder B. Add mixed raw material powder B and distilled water to a reflux extraction tank, extract at 96℃ for 2.3 hours. First, filter with a 300-mesh filter cloth to remove residue, then add 0.1wt% activated carbon, stir at 30℃ for 30 minutes, and finally filter through a 0.22μm microporous membrane. Remove the solvent by rotary evaporation to obtain a water-soluble mixed extract. Step S3: Add the fat-soluble mixed extract, the water-soluble mixed extract, and Tween 80 to an ethanol aqueous solution with a mass percentage concentration of 70%, stir evenly, and obtain a mixed extract suspension. Step S4: After adding the composite stabilizer to the mixed extract suspension and stirring evenly, the mixture is transferred to a high-speed shearing machine and sheared at 10500 r / min for 7.5 min to form a coarse dispersion. Then, a high-pressure homogenizer is used to homogenize the mixture 14 times at 860 bar and 27℃. Subsequently, intermittent ultrasonic-assisted treatment is used. Finally, the plant extract nanocrystals are obtained by spray drying.

[0038] In step S1, the ratio of mixed raw material powder A to ethanol aqueous solution is 1g:10mL; in step S2, the ratio of mixed raw material powder B to distilled water is 1g:12mL; and in step S3, the mass ratio of lipid-soluble mixed extract, Tween 80, and ethanol aqueous solution is 25:0.14:6.

[0039] In step S4, the mass ratio of the mixed extract suspension to the composite stabilizer is 100:5.5; the composite stabilizer is a mixture of poloxamer 188 and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose in a mass ratio of 3:2; the power of the intermittent ultrasound-assisted treatment is 350W, the temperature is 25℃, the working time is 30s, the pause time is 10s, and the total treatment time is 22min.

[0040] A method for preparing a premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts includes the following steps: adding each component to a mixer, mixing evenly, and then packaging immediately to obtain a premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts; the mixing temperature is 22°C, the relative humidity is ≤60%, and the mixer speed is 28 rpm.

[0041] Example 3 A premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts comprises the following components by weight percentage: 1.8% compound vitamins, 1% taurine, 7% plant extract nanocrystals, 2% mineral premix, 0.8% tea polyphenol / chitosan nanoparticles, and the remainder being a carrier; the raw materials for the plant extracts are a mixture of dried plum, ginger, areca peel, rosemary, perilla, honeysuckle, astragalus, eucommia leaves, and dried tangerine peel in a mass ratio of 4:5:4:1:0.5:0.5:1:1.5:0.8.

[0042] The multivitamin contains: Vitamin A 280,000 IU / kg, Vitamin D3 39,000 IU / kg, Vitamin E 130 mg / kg, Vitamin K3 30 mg / kg, Vitamin B1 20 mg / kg, Vitamin B2 40 mg / kg, Vitamin B6 25 mg / kg, Vitamin B12 0.08 mg / kg, Niacin 130 mg / kg, Calcium Pantothenate 65 mg / kg, Folic Acid 8 mg / kg, and Biotin 0.2 mg / kg.

[0043] The mineral premix comprises: 18 g / kg ferrous sulfate, 2 g / kg copper sulfate, 13 g / kg zinc sulfate, 6.5 g / kg manganese sulfate, 0.04 g / kg sodium selenite, 0.08 g / kg potassium iodide, and 0.02 g / kg cobalt chloride; the tea polyphenol / chitosan nanoparticles are prepared according to the method of Example 1 of Chinese Invention Patent No. CN101856432B; the carrier is wheat bran with a particle size of 40-60 mesh and a moisture content ≤10%.

[0044] The preparation method of the plant extract nanocrystals includes the following steps: Step S1: Ginger, Eucommia ulmoides leaves, rosemary, dried tangerine peel and perilla are mixed and pulverized to 60 mesh to obtain mixed raw material powder A. Mixed raw material powder A and 70% ethanol aqueous solution are added to an ultrasonic extraction tank. The temperature is set to 40℃, the power to 500W and the extraction time to 60min. The mixture is filtered with a 300-mesh filter cloth, the mixed extract is collected, and the solvent is removed by rotary evaporation to obtain a fat-soluble mixed extract. Step S2: Mix and pulverize the areca peel, dried plum, and honeysuckle to 60 mesh to obtain mixed raw material powder B. Add mixed raw material powder B and distilled water to a reflux extraction tank, extract at 97℃ for 2.5 hours. First, filter with a 300-mesh filter cloth to remove residue, then add 0.1wt% activated carbon, stir at 30℃ for 30 minutes, and finally filter through a 0.22μm microporous membrane. Remove the solvent by rotary evaporation to obtain a water-soluble mixed extract. Step S3: Add the fat-soluble mixed extract, the water-soluble mixed extract, and Tween 80 to an ethanol aqueous solution with a mass percentage concentration of 70%, stir evenly, and obtain a mixed extract suspension. Step S4: After adding the composite stabilizer to the mixed extract suspension and stirring evenly, the mixture is transferred to a high-speed shearing machine and sheared at 11000 r / min for 8 min to form a coarse dispersion. Then, it is homogenized 15 times by a high-pressure homogenizer at 870 bar and 28℃. Subsequently, it is treated with intermittent ultrasound assistance. Finally, it is spray-dried to obtain plant extract nanocrystals.

[0045] In step S1, the ratio of mixed raw material powder A to ethanol aqueous solution is 1g:10mL; in step S2, the ratio of mixed raw material powder B to distilled water is 1g:12mL; in step S3, the mass ratio of lipid-soluble mixed extract, Tween 80, and ethanol aqueous solution is 25:0.14:6.5; in step S4, the mass ratio of mixed extract suspension to composite stabilizer is 100:6; the composite stabilizer is a mixture of poloxamer 188 and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose in a mass ratio of 3:2; the power of the intermittent ultrasound-assisted treatment is 350W, the temperature is 25℃, the working time is 30s, the pause time is 10s, and the total treatment time is 23min.

[0046] A method for preparing a premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts includes the following steps: adding each component to a mixer, mixing evenly, and then packaging immediately to obtain a premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts; the mixing temperature is 23°C, the relative humidity is ≤60%, and the mixer speed is 30 rpm.

[0047] Example 4 A premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts comprises the following components by weight percentage: 2.3% compound vitamins, 1.3% taurine, 9% plant extract nanocrystals, 2.5% mineral premix, 0.9% tea polyphenol / chitosan nanoparticles, and the remainder being a carrier; the raw materials for the plant extracts are a mixture of dried plum, ginger, areca peel, rosemary, perilla, honeysuckle, astragalus, eucommia leaves, and dried tangerine peel in a mass ratio of 4.5:5.5:4.5:1.1:0.5:0.5:1:1.8:0.8.

[0048] The multivitamin contains: Vitamin A 290,000 IU / kg, Vitamin D3 45,000 IU / kg, Vitamin E 140 mg / kg, Vitamin K3 33 mg / kg, Vitamin B1 23 mg / kg, Vitamin B2 45 mg / kg, Vitamin B6 28 mg / kg, Vitamin B12 0.09 mg / kg, Niacin 140 mg / kg, Calcium Pantothenate 75 mg / kg, Folic Acid 9 mg / kg, and Biotin 0.25 mg / kg.

[0049] The mineral premix comprises: 19 g / kg ferrous sulfate, 2.3 g / kg copper sulfate, 14 g / kg zinc sulfate, 7.5 g / kg manganese sulfate, 0.045 g / kg sodium selenite, 0.09 g / kg potassium iodide, and 0.025 g / kg cobalt chloride; the tea polyphenol / chitosan nanoparticles are prepared according to the method of Example 1 of Chinese Invention Patent No. CN101856432B; the carrier is defatted rice bran with a particle size of 40-60 mesh and a moisture content ≤10%.

[0050] The preparation method of the plant extract nanocrystals includes the following steps: Step S1: Ginger, Eucommia ulmoides leaves, rosemary, dried tangerine peel and perilla are mixed and pulverized to 60 mesh to obtain mixed raw material powder A. Mixed raw material powder A and 70% ethanol aqueous solution are added to an ultrasonic extraction tank. The temperature is set to 40℃, the power to 500W and the extraction time to 60min. The mixture is filtered with a 300-mesh filter cloth, the mixed extract is collected, and the solvent is removed by rotary evaporation to obtain a fat-soluble mixed extract. Step S2: Mix and pulverize the areca peel, dried plum, and honeysuckle to 60 mesh to obtain mixed raw material powder B. Add mixed raw material powder B and distilled water to a reflux extraction tank, extract at 97℃ for 2.8 hours. First, filter with a 300-mesh filter cloth to remove residue, then add 0.1wt% activated carbon, stir at 30℃ for 30 minutes, and finally filter through a 0.22μm microporous membrane. Remove the solvent by rotary evaporation to obtain a water-soluble mixed extract. Step S3: Add the fat-soluble mixed extract, the water-soluble mixed extract, and Tween 80 to an ethanol aqueous solution with a mass percentage concentration of 70%, stir evenly, and obtain a mixed extract suspension. Step S4: After adding the composite stabilizer to the mixed extract suspension and stirring evenly, the mixture is transferred to a high-speed shearing machine and sheared at 11500 r / min for 8.5 min to form a coarse dispersion. Then, a high-pressure homogenizer is used to homogenize the mixture 15 times at 890 bar and 29℃. Subsequently, intermittent ultrasonic-assisted treatment is used. Finally, the plant extract nanocrystals are obtained by spray drying.

[0051] In step S1, the ratio of mixed raw material powder A to ethanol aqueous solution is 1g:10mL; in step S2, the ratio of mixed raw material powder B to distilled water is 1g:12mL; in step S3, the mass ratio of lipid-soluble mixed extract, Tween 80, and ethanol aqueous solution is 25:0.14:7.5; in step S4, the mass ratio of mixed extract suspension to composite stabilizer is 100:6.5; the composite stabilizer is a mixture of poloxamer 188 and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose in a mass ratio of 3:2; the power of the intermittent ultrasound-assisted treatment is 350W, the temperature is 25℃, the working time is 30s, the pause time is 10s, and the total treatment time is 24min.

[0052] A method for preparing a premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts includes the following steps: adding each component to a mixer, mixing evenly, and then packaging immediately to obtain a premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts; the mixing temperature is 24°C, the relative humidity is ≤60%, and the mixer speed is 34 rpm.

[0053] Example 5 A premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts comprises the following components by weight percentage: 2.5% compound vitamins, 1.5% taurine, 10% plant extract nanocrystals, 3% mineral premix, 1% tea polyphenol / chitosan nanoparticles, and the remainder being a carrier; the raw materials for the plant extracts are a mixture of dried plum, ginger, areca peel, rosemary, perilla, honeysuckle, astragalus, eucommia leaves, and dried tangerine peel in a mass ratio of 5:6:5:1.2:0.5:0.5:1:2:0.8.

[0054] The multivitamin contains: Vitamin A 300,000 IU / kg, Vitamin D3 49,000 IU / kg, Vitamin E 150 mg / kg, Vitamin K3 35 mg / kg, Vitamin B1 25 mg / kg, Vitamin B2 50 mg / kg, Vitamin B6 30 mg / kg, Vitamin B12 0.1 mg / kg, Niacin 150 mg / kg, Calcium Pantothenate 80 mg / kg, Folic Acid 10 mg / kg, and Biotin 0.3 mg / kg.

[0055] The mineral premix comprises: 20 g / kg ferrous sulfate, 2.5 g / kg copper sulfate, 15 g / kg zinc sulfate, 8 g / kg manganese sulfate, 0.05 g / kg sodium selenite, 0.1 g / kg potassium iodide, and 0.03 g / kg cobalt chloride; the tea polyphenol / chitosan nanoparticles are prepared according to the method of Example 1 of Chinese Invention Patent No. CN101856432B; the carrier is corn gluten powder with a particle size of 40-60 mesh and a moisture content ≤10%.

[0056] The preparation method of the plant extract nanocrystals includes the following steps: Step S1: Ginger, Eucommia ulmoides leaves, rosemary, dried tangerine peel and perilla are mixed and pulverized to 60 mesh to obtain mixed raw material powder A. Mixed raw material powder A and 70% ethanol aqueous solution are added to an ultrasonic extraction tank. The temperature is set to 40℃, the power to 500W and the extraction time to 60min. The mixture is filtered with a 300-mesh filter cloth, the mixed extract is collected, and the solvent is removed by rotary evaporation to obtain a fat-soluble mixed extract. Step S2: Mix and pulverize the areca peel, dried plum, and honeysuckle to 60 mesh to obtain mixed raw material powder B. Add mixed raw material powder B and distilled water to a reflux extraction tank, extract at 98℃ for 3 hours. First, filter with a 300-mesh filter cloth to remove residue, then add 0.1wt% activated carbon, stir at 30℃ for 30 minutes, and finally filter through a 0.22μm microporous membrane. Remove the solvent by rotary evaporation to obtain a water-soluble mixed extract. Step S3: Add the fat-soluble mixed extract, the water-soluble mixed extract, and Tween 80 to an ethanol aqueous solution with a mass percentage concentration of 70%, stir evenly, and obtain a mixed extract suspension. Step S4: After adding the composite stabilizer to the mixed extract suspension and stirring evenly, the mixture is transferred to a high-speed shearing machine and sheared at 12000 r / min for 9 min to form a coarse dispersion. Then, it is homogenized 16 times by a high-pressure homogenizer at 900 bar and 30℃. Subsequently, it is treated with intermittent ultrasound. Finally, it is spray-dried to obtain plant extract nanocrystals.

[0057] In step S1, the ratio of mixed raw material powder A to ethanol aqueous solution is 1g:10mL; in step S2, the ratio of mixed raw material powder B to distilled water is 1g:12mL; in step S3, the mass ratio of lipid-soluble mixed extract, Tween 80, and ethanol aqueous solution is 25:0.14:8; in step S4, the mass ratio of mixed extract suspension to composite stabilizer is 100:7; the composite stabilizer is a mixture of poloxamer 188 and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose in a mass ratio of 3:2; the power of the intermittent ultrasound-assisted treatment is 350W, the temperature is 25℃, the working time is 30s, the pause time is 10s, and the total treatment time is 25min.

[0058] A method for preparing a premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts includes the following steps: adding each component to a mixer, mixing evenly, and then packaging immediately to obtain a premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts; the mixing temperature is 25°C, the relative humidity is ≤60%, and the mixer speed is 35 rpm.

[0059] Comparative Example 1 This example provides a premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts and its preparation method, which is basically the same as that in Example 1, except that an equal amount of plant extracts is used instead of plant extract nanocrystals; the plant extracts are prepared by mixing fat-soluble mixed extracts and water-soluble mixed extracts.

[0060] Comparative Example 2 This example provides a premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts and its preparation method, which is basically the same as that in Example 1, except that an equal amount of plant extract nanocrystals are used instead of tea polyphenol / chitosan nanoparticles.

[0061] Comparative Example 3 This example provides a premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts and its preparation method, which is basically the same as in Example 1, except that it does not contain Areca peel and rosemary.

[0062] To further illustrate the beneficial technical effects of the premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts involved in the various embodiments of the present invention, relevant performance tests were conducted on the products of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-3. The test results are shown in Table 1, and the test methods are as follows: I. Experimental Materials and Equipment 1. Laboratory animals Three hundred Duroc × Landrace × Large White crossbred weaned piglets aged 28 days with consistent health status and similar weight (7.2±0.5kg) were selected. All piglets came from the same large-scale pig farm and received basic immunization (swine fever and foot-and-mouth disease vaccines) before weaning. Before the experiment, veterinarians examined the piglets and found that they had no digestive tract diseases and were in good spirits. 2. Experimental diets and premixes The basal diet was formulated according to the nutritional requirements of weaned piglets according to NRC (2012). The main ingredients and nutritional levels were as follows: corn 58%, soybean meal 22%, whey powder 8%, fish meal 4%, wheat bran 3%, vegetable oil 2%, dicalcium phosphate 1.2%, limestone powder 0.8%, salt 0.3%, lysine 0.3%, and methionine 0.2%. The nutritional levels were: digestible energy 3.4 MJ / kg, crude protein 21%, lysine 1.3%, calcium 0.85%, and total phosphorus 0.65%. The basal diets were completely consistent among the groups to eliminate the interference of differences in basal nutrition on the experimental results. Control group premix: Commercially available conventional antibiotic-free premix, whose main components include compound vitamins (VA, VD3, VE, etc.), inorganic trace elements (ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, etc.), and enzyme preparations (phytase), with the addition amount set at 4% of the basal diet according to the product instructions. Example 1 Premix: The premix of Example 1 of this invention was added at the same amount as the control group, which was 4% of the basal diet. Comparative Example 1 Premix: The premix of Comparative Example 1 of this invention was added at the same amount as the control group, which was 4% of the basal diet.

[0063] Comparative Example 2 Premix: The premix of Comparative Example 2 of this invention was added at the same amount as the control group, which was 4% of the basal diet.

[0064] Comparative Example 3 Premix: The premix of Comparative Example 3 of this invention was added at the same amount as the control group, which was 4% of the basal diet.

[0065] 3. Test equipment Breeding facilities: Enclosed nursery pens (2.0m×1.5m / pen, each pen is equipped with an independent feed trough, automatic waterer, temperature control system, ventilation fan, and lighting timer); Testing equipment: electronic platform scale (accuracy 0.01kg), fully automated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) reader (Thermo Multiskan FC, for serum IgG detection), high-speed centrifuge (for serum separation), feed moisture analyzer (for monitoring diet moisture). II. Experimental Design 1. Grouping method A completely randomized design was used to randomly divide 300 weaned piglets into 5 groups (Example 1 group, Comparative 1 group, Comparative 2 group, Comparative 3 group, and Control group), with 3 replicates per group and 20 piglets per replicate (half male and half female to avoid the influence of sex differences). All piglets were weighed on an empty stomach before grouping. The initial weights were as follows: Example 1 group 7.23 kg, Comparative 1 group 7.20 kg, Comparative 2 group 7.25 kg, Comparative 3 group 7.20 kg, and Control group 7.18 kg, ensuring randomness and balance in grouping. 2. Division of the trial period The trial period lasted 49 days and was divided into two phases: Pre-trial period (7 days): All piglets were fed a basal diet without any premixed feed. During this period, they were acclimatized to the environment (familiarizing themselves with the nursery pen and feed trough locations), trained to eat (guided feeding at regular times and in fixed quantities), and their health status was observed. Piglets with diarrhea or lethargy were removed (no piglets were removed in this experiment). At the end of the pre-trial period, they were weighed again to confirm that there was still no significant difference in weight between the two groups. Formal trial period (42 days): The control group was fed "basal diet + 4% commercial premix". Example 1, Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 3 were fed "basal diet + 4% of the corresponding premix". The five groups were fed the same except for the premix. After the formal trial period, the indicators were measured and the data were statistically analyzed. III. Feeding and Management 1. Environmental Control Temperature: During the first 14 days of the trial period, the temperature was controlled at 28±1℃, from the 15th to the 28th day at 26±1℃, and from the 29th to the 42nd day at 24±1℃, simulating the temperature gradient of the natural growth of weaned piglets. The temperature was regulated by the combined use of underfloor heating and temperature-controlled fans to avoid stress caused by sudden temperature changes. Humidity: Maintain at 60-65% throughout the process. Turn on the dehumidifier when the humidity is above 65% and supplement the humidity by spraying distilled water on the ground when it is below 60% to prevent respiratory diseases caused by dryness or intestinal problems caused by dampness. Illumination: A 16-hour light cycle (6:00-22:00, light intensity 200 lux) and an 8-hour dark cycle are adopted to conform to the physiological rhythm of piglets; Ventilation: Ventilate once at 9:00 and 15:00 every day for 30 minutes each time to ensure that the ammonia concentration in the pen is ≤15ppm (detected with a portable ammonia detector) to reduce the irritation of harmful gases to the piglets' intestines and respiratory tract. 2. Feeding and Water Management Feeding method: Use a combination of "free access to feed + timed supplementation". Add feed once a day at 6:30, 12:30 and 18:30. The amount added should be such that there is a little left in the feed trough (about 5%) to avoid feed shortage or feed accumulation and spoilage. Clean the feed trough of any remaining feed and debris before each feeding. Thoroughly clean the feed trough once a week (disinfect with 0.1% potassium permanganate solution and let it dry before use).

[0066] Water management: Provide clean tap water (disinfected with ultraviolet light) and ensure a 24-hour uninterrupted water supply through automatic waterers. Clean the waterers once a week and check for blockages in the water pipes to ensure that every piglet can drink water normally. 3. Routine management and health monitoring Daily observation: Observe the piglets' mental state, feed intake, and fecal form twice a day, morning and evening. Record the number of the piglets with diarrhea, the time of onset of diarrhea, and the characteristics of their feces. Strengthen observation for mild diarrhea and isolate the piglets for severe diarrhea. Administer saline solution as directed by the veterinarian (do not use antibiotics to avoid affecting the test results). Return the piglets to the group after recovery and record the recovery time. Environmental cleaning: Clean the manure in the pen daily (using a manure scraper to avoid residue), and disinfect the pen floor and walls once a week with a 0.3% peracetic acid solution. After disinfection, ventilate for 30 minutes before putting the piglets in. Data recording: Record the amount of feed added and the amount remaining for each replicate daily (accurate to 0.1kg). Weigh each replicate of piglets weekly on an empty stomach (weigh at the same time before morning feeding to reduce error) and record the weight data. IV. Indicator Measurement Methods 1. Growth performance indicators (daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio) Average daily weight gain (ADG): On day 1 of the formal testing period (end of the pre-testing period) and day 42 of the formal testing period (end of the formal testing period), each of the 20 piglets in each replicate was weighed on an empty stomach (electronic platform scale, fasted for 12 hours and deprived of water for 2 hours before weighing). The weight of each piglet was recorded, and the total weight gain for each replicate was calculated (total weight at the end of the formal testing period - total weight at the beginning of the formal testing period). Then, the average daily weight gain was calculated according to "average daily weight gain = total weight gain / (number of replicates × number of days in the formal testing period)". Finally, the average value was calculated for each group. Feed conversion ratio (FCR): Record the daily feed addition and surplus for each replicate, calculate the total feed intake for each replicate (total feed addition - total surplus), and combine it with the total weight gain of the replicate. Calculate the FCR according to "FCR = total feed intake / total weight gain". Take the average of the three replicates in the group as the group FCR. 2. Diarrhea rate Observe and record the first occurrence of diarrhea in each replicate every morning and evening (one piglet with diarrhea on one day is counted as one occurrence of diarrhea; if diarrhea occurs continuously, record it separately each day). After the trial period ends, calculate the diarrhea rate for each replicate according to "diarrhea rate = (total number of diarrhea occurrences / (number of replicates × number of days in the trial period)) × 100%". Take the average of the three replicates in the group as the group diarrhea rate.

[0067] 3. Serum IgG content Sample collection: On day 42 of the trial period, 5 piglets (half male and half female, 15 piglets / group) were randomly selected from each replicate. 5 mL of blood was collected from the anterior vena cava in the morning on an empty stomach and placed in a centrifuge tube without anticoagulant. Serum separation: After blood collection, let it stand at room temperature for 30 min, then put it into a high-speed centrifuge and centrifuge at 3000 r / min for 15 min. Aspirate the supernatant serum (avoid aspirating red blood cells), aliquot it into 1.5 mL centrifuge tubes, and freeze at -20℃ for later testing. Detection method: The porcine immunoglobulin G (IgG) ELISA kit was used, and the operation was strictly followed according to the kit instructions: the standard and serum sample were added to the wells of the ELISA plate, incubated at 37°C for 30 min, washed 3 times, then the enzyme-labeled antibody was added, incubated at 37°C for 30 min, washed again, then the substrate solution was added, and incubated at 37°C in the dark for 15 min. Finally, the stop solution was added, and the absorbance (OD value) was measured at 450 nm using an automated ELISA reader. The serum IgG content (unit: mg / mL) was calculated according to the standard curve. Each sample was processed in 3 parallel wells, and the average value was taken as the final result. Table 1 Test Results project Average daily weight gain Meat-to-fat ratio diarrhea rate Serum IgG content unit g / d — % mg / mL Example 1 588 1.38 1.5 16.2 Comparative Example 1 480 1.60 6.5 11.8 Comparative Example 2 550 1.45 2.8 14.5 Comparative Example 3 520 1.52 4.2 13.1 control group 420 1.85 12.8 9.6 As can be seen from Table 1, piglets fed with the premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts disclosed in the various embodiments of the present invention have better growth performance, intestinal health and immune function than piglets fed with the comparative product. The combined use of plant extract nanocrystals, tea polyphenol / chitosan nanoparticles, areca peel and rosemary is beneficial to improving the above performance.

[0068] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention. Their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. They should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts, characterized in that, It comprises the following components by weight percentage: 0.8-2.5% compound vitamins, 0.6-1.5% taurine, 2-10% plant extract nanocrystals, 1-3% mineral premix, 0.5-1% tea polyphenols / chitosan nanoparticles, and the remainder being a carrier; the raw materials of the plant extract are a mixture of dried plum, ginger, areca peel, rosemary, perilla, honeysuckle, astragalus, eucommia leaves, and tangerine peel in a mass ratio of (3-5):(4-6):(3-5):(0.8-1.2):0.5:0.5:1:(1-2):0.

8.

2. The premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compound vitamins include: Vitamin A 250,000-300,000 IU / kg, Vitamin D3 20,000-49,000 IU / kg, Vitamin E 100-150 mg / kg, Vitamin K3 25-35 mg / kg, Vitamin B1 15-25 mg / kg, Vitamin B2 30-50 mg / kg, Vitamin B6 20-30 mg / kg, Vitamin B12 0.05-0.1 mg / kg, Niacin 100-150 mg / kg, Calcium Pantothenate 50-80 mg / kg, Folic Acid 5-10 mg / kg, and Biotin 0.1-0.3 mg / kg.

3. The premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mineral premix comprises: ferrous sulfate 15-20 g / kg, copper sulfate 1.5-2.5 g / kg, zinc sulfate 10-15 g / kg, manganese sulfate 5-8 g / kg, sodium selenite 0.03-0.05 g / kg, potassium iodide 0.05-0.1 g / kg, and cobalt chloride 0.01-0.03 g / kg.

4. The premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carrier is one or a combination of defatted rice bran, corn gluten powder or wheat bran, with a particle size of 40-60 mesh and a moisture content of ≤10%.

5. The premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the plant extract nanocrystals includes the following steps: Step S1: Ginger, Eucommia ulmoides leaves, rosemary, dried tangerine peel and perilla are mixed and pulverized to 60 mesh to obtain mixed raw material powder A. Mixed raw material powder A and 70% ethanol aqueous solution are added to an ultrasonic extraction tank. The temperature is set to 40℃, the power to 500W and the extraction time to 60min. The mixture is filtered with a 300-mesh filter cloth, the mixed extract is collected, and the solvent is removed by rotary evaporation to obtain a fat-soluble mixed extract. Step S2: Mix and pulverize the areca peel, dried plum, and honeysuckle to 60 mesh to obtain mixed raw material powder B. Add mixed raw material powder B and distilled water to a reflux extraction tank, extract at 95-98℃ for 2-3 hours. First, filter to remove residue using a 300-mesh filter cloth, then add 0.1wt% activated carbon, stir at 30℃ for 30 minutes, and finally filter through a 0.22μm microporous membrane. Remove the solvent by rotary evaporation to obtain a water-soluble mixed extract. Step S3: Add the fat-soluble mixed extract, the water-soluble mixed extract, and Tween 80 to an ethanol aqueous solution with a mass percentage concentration of 70%, stir evenly, and obtain a mixed extract suspension. Step S4: After adding the composite stabilizer to the mixed extract suspension and stirring evenly, transfer it to a high-speed shearing machine and shear at 10000-12000 r / min for 7-9 min to form a coarse dispersion; then use a high-pressure homogenizer to cycle and homogenize 13-16 times at 840-900 bar and 25-30℃; then use intermittent ultrasonic-assisted treatment; finally spray dry to obtain plant extract nanocrystals.

6. The premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S1, the ratio of mixed raw material powder A to ethanol aqueous solution is 1g:10mL; in step S2, the ratio of mixed raw material powder B to distilled water is 1g:12mL.

7. The premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the lipid-soluble mixed extract, Tween 80, and ethanol aqueous solution in step S3 is 25:0.14:(5-8).

8. The premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S4, the mass ratio of the mixed extract suspension to the composite stabilizer is 100:(5-7); the composite stabilizer is a mixture of poloxamer 188 and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose at a mass ratio of 3:2; the intermittent ultrasound-assisted treatment has a power of 350W, a temperature of 25℃, a working time of 30s, a pause of 10s, and a total treatment time of 20-25min.

9. A method for preparing a premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: adding each component to a mixer, mixing thoroughly, and then packaging immediately to obtain a premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts.

10. The method for preparing premixed feed for livestock and poultry containing plant extracts according to claim 9, characterized in that, The mixing temperature is 20-25℃, the relative humidity is ≤60%, and the mixer speed is 25-35rpm.