Surface type condenser

Abstract

The invention discloses a surface type condenser which comprises a front tube plate, a rear tube plate, a shell, a partition plate, a cooling tube bundle, a cladding and the like. A steam inlet for steam is formed in the upper part of the shell, and a liquid outlet for condensed water is formed in the bottom of the shell; a plurality of partition plates are arranged between the front tube plate and the rear tube plate; the cooling tube bundle comprises a main condensing zone, a second condensing zone and a third condensing zone, the cross section of the air cooling area is trapezoidal, and the air cooling area is positioned in the center of the main condensing area; the main condensing area condenses steam entering the shell from the steam inlet into condensed water, the air cooling area continuously condenses steam which is not condensed by the main condensing area into condensed water, the condensed water is discharged out of the shell through the liquid outlet, and the steam which is not condensed by the air cooling area and non-condensed gas enter the air exhaust chamber through the first through hole. And steam which is not condensed by the air cooling area and non-condensed gas are extracted out of the shell through an air extraction pipe communicated with the air extraction chamber. According to the surface type condenser, the miniaturization requirement of the surface type condenser can be met, steam resistance can be reduced, and the steam condensation rate can be increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of steam turbine components technology, and in particular to a surface condenser for steam turbines. Background Technology

[0002] The condenser is one of the key cold-end equipment in power plant construction. It has the functions of condensing the exhaust steam of the steam turbine into water, establishing and maintaining back pressure at the exhaust port of the steam turbine, receiving bypass steam and condensate from the steam turbine, and deoxygenating the makeup water.

[0003] In some applications, small-sized condensers are required. While existing small surface condensers or marine condensers meet the requirements for small size, they suffer from problems such as high steam resistance and low steam condensation rate. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the structure of existing surface condensers. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a surface condenser that can meet the miniaturization requirements of condensers, reduce steam resistance, and improve steam condensation rate.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0006] A surface condenser, comprising:

[0007] Front tube sheet;

[0008] The rear tube sheet is disposed opposite to the front tube sheet;

[0009] A housing is arranged around the front tube sheet and the rear tube sheet; and the housing is provided with a steam inlet and a liquid outlet;

[0010] A first partition is disposed within the housing, located between the front tube sheet and the rear tube sheet; and the first partition is provided with a first through hole;

[0011] A cooling tube bundle, disposed within the housing, penetrates the front tube sheet, the first partition plate, and the rear tube sheet; the cooling tube bundle includes: a main condensation zone with a cross-section of multiple petal-shaped structures; and an air-cooling zone with a trapezoidal cross-section located at the center of the main condensation zone; the main condensation zone is used to condense steam introduced from the steam inlet into condensate, and the air-cooling zone is used to condense steam not condensed in the main condensation zone into condensate, the condensate being discharged to the outside of the housing through the drain port; an extraction chamber is provided on the outer periphery of the air-cooling zone between the front tube sheet and the first partition plate, and steam and non-condensable gases not condensed in the air-cooling zone between the first partition plate and the rear tube sheet enter the extraction chamber through the first through-hole; and

[0012] An extraction pipe passes through the housing and communicates with the extraction chamber, used to extract steam and non-condensable gases that have not been condensed in the air-cooled zone to the outside of the housing.

[0013] Optionally, both the main condensation zone and the air-cooled zone include multiple cooling pipes arranged in sequence; and cooling water flows through the cooling pipes to condense steam into condensate through heat exchange.

[0014] Optionally, the main condensation zone further includes a thick-walled tube disposed on the outside of the cooling tube near the steam inlet; and the wall thickness of the thick-walled tube is greater than the wall thickness of the cooling tube.

[0015] Optionally, a groove-shaped steam inlet channel is formed between adjacent petals of the main condensation zone, and a groove-shaped uncondensed gas guiding channel is formed within each petal;

[0016] A channel for the condensation of uncondensed gas is formed between the main condensation zone and the air-cooling zone;

[0017] The uncondensed gas collection channel is connected to the uncondensed gas guiding channel, and the steam introduced from the steam inlet enters the main condensation zone through the steam inlet channel, while the steam that is not condensed in the main condensation zone enters the air-cooled zone through the uncondensed gas guiding channel and the uncondensed gas collection channel.

[0018] Optionally, all the petals in the main condensation zone are divided into a first group and a second group. The first group includes multiple petals connected in sequence, and the second group includes at least one petal. The main condensation zone is symmetrically arranged, and the included angle between adjacent petals is 0° to 180°. A first gap is provided between the first group and the second group to allow the exhaust pipe to pass through.

[0019] Optionally, the surface condenser further includes: a baffle plate disposed at the first gap to prevent steam from directly entering the air-cooled zone through the first gap; and the extraction pipe passes through the baffle plate and communicates with the extraction chamber.

[0020] Optionally, the surface condenser further includes:

[0021] An air-cooled zone cladding covers the top and sides of the air-cooled zone and is welded and fixed to the front tube sheet, the first partition plate, and the rear tube sheet;

[0022] A sealing plate is disposed below the air-cooled zone between the front tube sheet and the first partition plate, and is welded and fixed to the front tube sheet, the first partition plate and the air-cooled zone shell; and the sealing plate, the air-cooled zone shell, the front tube sheet and the first partition plate form the extraction chamber.

[0023] Optionally, the surface condenser further includes:

[0024] A water seal elbow, one end of which passes through the sealing plate and communicates with the air extraction chamber, and the other end of which is open, is used to liquid seal the air extraction chamber and drain the water accumulated in the air extraction chamber.

[0025] A baffle plate is disposed in the extraction chamber, located between the extraction pipe and the first partition plate, and is welded and fixed to the shell of the air-cooled zone; there is a second gap between the baffle plate and the sealing plate, and the steam and non-condensable gas that are not condensed by the air-cooled zone enter the extraction chamber and flow to the extraction pipe through the second gap.

[0026] Optionally, the surface condenser further includes: a second baffle plate disposed within the housing, located between the first baffle plate and the rear tube sheet; and the cooling tube bundle passing through the second baffle plate so that the second baffle plate supports the cooling tube bundle.

[0027] Optionally, the cooling tube bundle is a single-pass cooling water tube.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least one of the following advantages:

[0029] The present invention provides a surface condenser in which the main condensation zone of the cooling tube bundle is arranged in a petal-shaped structure, so that the steam flow into the main condensation zone is centripetal. This makes the arrangement of the cooling tube bundle have the characteristics of compact structure, high tube arrangement efficiency, high heat transfer coefficient, low steam resistance, uniform load distribution and high steam condensation rate, thereby meeting the miniaturization requirements of surface condensers.

[0030] In this invention, the air-cooled zone is located at the center of the main condensation zone, allowing steam that has not been condensed in the main condensation zone to enter the air-cooled zone and continue to be condensed into condensate in the air-cooled zone; and the air-cooled zone is arranged in a trapezoidal structure, so that the steam has a high flow rate in the air-cooled zone, thereby reducing the steam content at the exhaust outlet.

[0031] In this invention, a groove-shaped steam inlet channel is formed between adjacent petals of the main condensation zone. The steam inlet channel allows steam to enter the main condensation zone evenly for condensation heat exchange, while also reducing steam resistance. A groove-shaped uncondensed gas guiding channel is formed within each petal, and an uncondensed gas merging channel is formed between the main condensation zone and the air-cooling zone. The uncondensed gas guiding channel and the uncondensed gas merging channel allow steam to enter the air-cooling zone evenly for condensation heat exchange, while also reducing steam resistance.

[0032] In this invention, all petals in the main condensation zone are divided into a first group and a second group. A first gap is provided between the first group and the second group to allow the exhaust pipe to pass through, and a baffle plate is provided at the first gap to prevent steam short circuit.

[0033] The enclosure of the air-cooled zone in this invention allows steam that is not condensed in the main condensation zone to enter the air-cooled zone only from below, thereby effectively increasing the contact area between the steam that is not condensed in the main condensation zone and the air-cooled zone, and thus effectively improving the steam condensation rate. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a surface condenser provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is an internal structural diagram of a surface condenser provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a layout diagram of a cooling tube bundle in a surface condenser according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a layer-by-layer arrangement diagram of the cooling tubes in the air cooling zone of a surface condenser provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the region between the front tube sheet and the first diaphragm in a surface condenser according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the region between the first baffle and the rear tube sheet in a surface condenser according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a hot well in a surface condenser provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The following detailed description of a surface condenser according to the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, will further clarify the advantages and features of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, intended only to facilitate and clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention. Please refer to the drawings for a clearer understanding of the objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., depicted in the accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes and to aid those skilled in the art, and are not intended to limit the implementation conditions of the present invention. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives achieved by the present invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention.

[0042] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0043] Combined with appendix Figures 1-7 As shown, this embodiment provides a surface condenser, including: a front tube sheet 101; a rear tube sheet 102, disposed opposite to the front tube sheet 101; a housing 103, disposed around the front tube sheet 101 and the rear tube sheet 102; and the housing 103 is provided with opposing steam inlets 111 and liquid outlets; a first partition 121, disposed within the housing 103, located between the front tube sheet 101 and the rear tube sheet 102; and the first partition 121 is provided with a first through hole 1211; a cooling tube bundle 130, disposed within the housing 103, penetrating the front tube sheet 101, the first partition 121, and the rear tube sheet 102; the cooling tube bundle 130 includes: a main condensation zone 131, the cross-section of which has a plurality of petal-shaped structures; and an air-cooled zone 132, the cross-section of which has a trapezoidal shape, located within the main condensation zone 101. The condensation zone 131 is located at the center; the main condensation zone 131 is used to condense the steam introduced from the steam inlet 111 into condensate, and the air-cooled zone 132 is used to condense the steam that is not condensed in the main condensation zone 131 into condensate, and the condensate is discharged to the outside of the shell 103 through the drain port; an extraction chamber 113 is provided on the outer periphery of the air-cooled zone 132 between the front tube sheet 101 and the first partition 121, and the steam and non-condensable gas that are not condensed in the air-cooled zone 132 between the first partition 121 and the rear tube sheet 102 enter the extraction chamber 113 through the first through hole 1211; and an extraction pipe 140 passes through the shell 103 and communicates with the extraction chamber 113, for extracting the steam and non-condensable gas that are not condensed in the air-cooled zone 132 to the outside of the shell 103.

[0044] Specifically, in this embodiment, the front tube sheet 101 and the rear tube sheet 102 are respectively welded and fixed to the housing 103, and the front tube sheet 101, the rear tube sheet 102, and the housing 103 can form the outer shell of the surface condenser. The first partition 121 is the first partition in the direction from the front tube sheet 101 to the rear tube sheet 102; the first partition 121 is welded and fixed to the housing 103 and can support the cooling tube bundle 130. More specifically, as Figure 2 As shown, the surface condenser further includes: a second baffle 122 disposed within the housing 103, located between the first baffle 121 and the rear tube sheet 102; and the cooling tube bundle 130 passing through the second baffle 122, so that the second baffle 122 supports the cooling tube bundle 130. Optionally, there are multiple second baffles 122, and the multiple second baffles 122 are distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the housing 103 and welded and fixed to the housing 103 to stably support the cooling tube bundle 130. Optionally, both ends of the cooling tube bundle 130 are respectively fixed to the front tube sheet 101 and the rear tube sheet 102, and the middle part of the cooling tube bundle 130 can be correspondingly fixed to the first baffle 121 and the second baffle 122, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0045] Specifically, in this embodiment, the steam inlet 111 on the shell 103 can be connected to the exhaust port of the steam turbine, so that the steam discharged from the steam turbine can enter the main condensation zone 131 of the cooling tube bundle 130 through the steam inlet 111. The main condensation zone 131 is arranged in a petal-shaped structure, and the steam flow into the main condensation zone 131 is centripetal. The arrangement of the cooling tube bundle 130 has the characteristics of compact structure, high tube efficiency, high heat transfer coefficient, low steam resistance, uniform load distribution, and high steam condensation rate, thereby meeting the miniaturization requirements of the condenser.

[0046] More specifically, most of the steam entering the main condensation zone 131 is condensed into condensate in the main condensation zone 131, while the steam that is not condensed in the main condensation zone 131 enters the air-cooling zone 132 and continues to condense into condensate in the air-cooling zone 132. The steam and non-condensable gases that are not condensed in the air-cooling zone 132 then enter the extraction chamber 113 through the first through hole 1211 and are discharged to the outside of the shell 103 through the extraction pipe 140. Furthermore, the air-cooling zone 132 is arranged in a trapezoidal structure, which allows the steam to have a higher flow velocity in the air-cooling zone 132, thereby reducing the steam content at the extraction outlet. Optionally, the air-cooling zone 132 is located slightly below the center of the main condensation zone 121; optionally, the cooling tube bundle 130 is a single-pass cooling water tube, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0047] Furthermore, in this embodiment, such as Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the first partition 121 and the second partition 122 may be provided with steam notches 123 and second through holes 1212, so that steam can flow through the steam notches 123 and the second through holes 1212 throughout the entire internal space of the shell 103, thereby ensuring uniform load distribution of steam over the entire length of the shell, preventing excessive local steam pressure, and thus ensuring the safety of the surface condenser. Preferably, the locations where the steam notches 123 are provided on the first partition 121 and the second partition 122 can be welded to the shell 103 by a support pipe 124 to reinforce the first partition 121 and the second partition 122, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0048] Please also refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 Both the main condensation zone 131 and the air-cooled zone 132 include multiple sequentially arranged cooling pipes 1301; and cooling water flows through the cooling pipes 1301 to condense steam into condensate through heat exchange. Optionally, as... Figure 4 As shown, the cooling pipes 1301 in the air-cooled zone 132 are arranged in a trapezoidal shape layer by layer in an equilateral triangle manner.

[0049] It is understood that the main condensation zone 131 also includes multiple thick-walled tubes 1302, which are disposed on the outside of the cooling tubes 1301 near the steam inlet 111; and the wall thickness of the thick-walled tubes 1302 is greater than the wall thickness of the cooling tubes 1301, which can enhance the anti-erosion capability of the steam-facing surface of the cooling tube bundle 130.

[0050] Specifically, when the steam turbine discharges steam to the steam inlet 111, the thick-walled tube 1302 is the steam-facing section. The wall thickness of the thick-walled tube 1302 is greater than that of the cooling tube 1301, giving the thick-walled tube 1302 strong resistance to steam erosion, thereby ensuring the service life of the thick-walled tube 1302 and protecting the cooling tube 1301, thus improving the reliability of the cooling tube bundle 130 and the surface condenser. Optionally, the thick-walled tubes 1302 are arranged in three rows, and cooling water also flows through the thick-walled tubes 1302. Preferably, the wall thickness of the thick-walled tube 1302 is 0.7 mm, and the wall thickness of the cooling tube 1301 is 0.5 mm, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0051] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 3A groove-shaped steam inlet channel 1311 is formed between adjacent petals of the main condensation zone 131, and a groove-shaped uncondensed gas guiding channel 1312 is formed within each petal; an uncondensed gas merging channel 1313 is formed between the main condensation zone 131 and the air-cooled zone 132; the uncondensed gas merging channel 1313 is connected to the uncondensed gas guiding channel 1312, and the steam introduced from the steam inlet 111 enters the main condensation zone 131 through the steam inlet channel 1311, while the steam that is not condensed by the main condensation zone 131 enters the air-cooled zone 132 through the uncondensed gas guiding channel 1312 and the uncondensed gas merging channel 1313.

[0052] Specifically, in this embodiment, the steam inlet channel 1311 is located outside the main condensation zone 131, and the arrangement of the steam inlet channel 1311 allows steam to enter the main condensation zone 131 uniformly for condensation heat exchange, while also reducing steam resistance. The uncondensed gas guiding channel 1312 is located inside the main condensation zone 131, and the arrangement of the uncondensed gas guiding channel 1312 and the uncondensed gas merging channel 1313 allows steam to enter the air-cooled zone 132 uniformly for condensation heat exchange, while also reducing steam resistance; however, the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0053] Please also refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5 The petals of the main condensation zone 131 are divided into a first group 133 and a second group 134. The first group 133 includes multiple petals connected in sequence, and the second group 134 includes at least one petal. The main condensation zone 131 is symmetrically arranged, and the included angle between adjacent petals is 0° to 180°. Specifically, the petals can be bent according to the pipe layout requirements. Optionally, the included angle between adjacent petals is 0° to 60°, which can ensure that there is sufficient steam inlet channel between adjacent petals and make full use of the tube sheet space to improve the pipe layout rate, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0054] It is understood that a first gap 135 is provided between the first group 133 and the second group 134 to allow the exhaust pipe 140 to pass through, so that the exhaust pipe 140 can communicate with the exhaust chamber, thereby facilitating the extraction of steam and non-condensable gases that have not been condensed by the air-cooled zone 132.

[0055] Specifically, there are two first gaps 135 between the first group 133 and the second group 134; since the number of suction tubes 140 is the same as the number of first gaps 135, the number of suction tubes 140 is also two. Further, the included angle between the two suction tubes 140 is the same as the included angle between the two first gaps 135, and depends on the number of petals in the second group 134. In some embodiments, such as... Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the second group 134 includes only one petal; in other embodiments, the second group 134 may include multiple petals connected in sequence. Optionally, the included angle between the two suction pipes 140 is 30° to 120°; preferably, the included angle between the two suction pipes 140 is 60°. Optionally, the diameter of the suction pipe 140 is adjusted according to the suction volume, and the diameter of the suction pipe 140 is DN50 to DN100; preferably, the diameter of the suction pipe 140 is DN50, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0056] Please also refer to Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The surface condenser further includes a baffle plate 190, disposed at the first gap 135, passing through the front tube sheet 101, the first partition 121, the second partition 122, and the rear tube sheet 102, and welded to these components; the baffle plate 190 is used to prevent steam from directly entering the air-cooled zone 132 through the first gap 135 without bypassing the main condensation zone 131 (i.e., preventing steam short-circuiting). Further, the extraction pipe 140 can pass through the baffle plate 190 and communicate with the extraction chamber 113.

[0057] Please also refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The surface condenser further includes: an air-cooled zone cladding 150, covering the top and side of the air-cooled zone 132, and welded and fixed to the front tube sheet 101, the first partition 121, the second partition 122, and the rear tube sheet 102; a sealing plate 160, disposed below the air-cooled zone 132 between the front tube sheet 101 and the first partition 121, and welded and fixed to the front tube sheet 101, the first partition 121, and the air-cooled zone cladding 150 located between the front tube sheet 101 and the first partition 121; and the sealing plate 160, the air-cooled zone cladding 150, the front tube sheet 101, and the first partition 121 form the extraction chamber 113. Further, the extraction pipe 140 passes through the air-cooled zone cladding 150 and communicates with the extraction chamber 113.

[0058] It is understood that the surface condenser further includes: a water seal elbow 180, one end of which passes through the sealing plate 160 and communicates with the extraction chamber 113, and the other end of which is open, for liquid sealing of the extraction chamber 113 and for draining the water accumulated in the extraction chamber 113; a baffle plate 170, which is disposed in the extraction chamber 113, located between the extraction pipe 140 and the first partition plate 121, and is welded and fixed to the air-cooled zone shell 150; the baffle plate 170 and the sealing plate 160 have a second gap 171, and the steam and non-condensable gas that are not condensed by the air-cooled zone 132 enter the extraction chamber 113 and flow to the extraction pipe 140 through the second gap 171.

[0059] Specifically, the air-cooled zone cladding 150 is disposed inside the main condensation zone 131, penetrating the front tube sheet 101, the first partition 121, the second partition 122, and the rear tube sheet 102, and is welded and fixed to these components; and the air-cooled zone cladding 150 includes a top plate and side plates, wherein the top plate is located above the air-cooled zone 132, and the side plates are located on both sides of the air-cooled zone 132. More specifically, for the cooling tube bundle 130 located between the first partition 121 and the rear tube sheet 102, the arrangement of the air-cooled zone cladding 150 allows the condensed steam not condensed by the main condensation zone 131 to enter the air-cooled zone 132 only from below, thereby effectively increasing the contact area between the steam not condensed by the main condensation zone 131 and the air-cooled zone 132, thereby effectively improving the steam condensation rate, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0060] Specifically, a sealing plate 160 is provided below the air-cooled zone 132 located between the front tube sheet 101 and the first partition 121. The air-cooled zone enclosure 150, the sealing plate 160, the front tube sheet 101, and the first partition 121 together form the extraction chamber 113. The first through hole 1211 on the first partition 121 is located inside the air-cooled zone enclosure 150, so that the first through hole 1211 can connect the extraction chamber 113 with the air-cooled zone 132 located between the first partition 121 and the rear tube sheet 102. More specifically, for the cooling tube bundle 130 located between the first partition plate 121 and the rear tube plate 102, the steam not condensed in the main condensation zone 131 is further cooled by the air-cooling zone 132, and the steam and non-condensable gases not condensed in the air-cooling zone 132 can enter the extraction chamber 113 through the first through hole 1211, and after being deflected once by the baffle plate 170, are finally discharged to the outside of the housing 103 by the extraction pipe 140 connected to the extraction chamber 113. Optionally, the extraction pipe 140 is connected to an extractor or a vacuum pump, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0061] In this embodiment, the baffle plate 170 can be fixed inside the air-cooled zone shell 150 by welding. The baffle plate 170 can increase the steam flow rate and heat transfer coefficient in the extraction chamber 113 and reduce the steam content at the extraction outlet. At the same time, the baffle plate 170 can also support the cooling pipe 1301 in the air-cooled zone 132.

[0062] In this embodiment, the suction chamber 113 is connected to the drain port of the housing 103 through the water seal elbow 180. On the one hand, the water seal elbow 180 can prevent external gas from entering the suction chamber 113 and has the function of liquid sealing, thereby ensuring the airtightness of the suction chamber 113. On the other hand, if there is water in the suction chamber 113, the water in the suction chamber 113 can be discharged to the drain port of the housing 103 through the water seal elbow 180, and then discharged to the outside of the housing 103 through the drain port.

[0063] Furthermore, in some embodiments, such as Figure 7 As shown, the surface condenser also includes a hot well 112, located below the shell 103 and connected to the drain port, for storing the condensate. It is understood that a small portion of the steam entering the shell from the steam inlet 111 will directly enter the hot well 112 from the periphery of the cooling tube bundle 130 (i.e., the gap between the cooling tube bundle and the shell) to heat the condensate, thereby reducing the oxygen content and subcooling of the condensate. Optionally, the hot well 112 has a rectangular volume, and the condensate stored in the hot well 112 can be pumped away by a water pump connected to the hot well 112, but the invention is not limited thereto.

[0064] In summary, this embodiment provides a surface condenser where the main condensation zone of the cooling tube bundle is arranged in a multi-petal-shaped structure, resulting in a centripetal flow of steam entering the main condensation zone. This arrangement of the cooling tube bundle exhibits characteristics such as compact structure, high tube layout efficiency, high heat transfer coefficient, low steam resistance, uniform load distribution, and high steam condensation rate, thereby meeting the miniaturization requirements of surface condensers. The air-cooled zone is located at the center of the main condensation zone, allowing steam not condensed in the main condensation zone to enter and continue to condense into condensate in the air-cooled zone. Furthermore, the trapezoidal arrangement of the air-cooled zone ensures a high steam velocity within it, thereby reducing the steam content at the extraction outlet. In this embodiment, a groove-shaped steam inlet channel is formed between adjacent petals of the main condensation zone. This steam inlet channel allows steam to enter the main condensation zone uniformly for condensation and heat exchange, while also reducing steam resistance. A groove-shaped uncondensed gas guiding channel is formed within each petal, and an uncondensed gas merging channel is formed between the main condensation zone and the air-cooled zone. This uncondensed gas guiding channel and merging channel allow steam to enter the air-cooled zone uniformly for condensation and heat exchange, while also reducing steam resistance. All petals of the main condensation zone are divided into a first group and a second group. A first gap is provided between the first group and the second group, allowing the extraction pipe to pass through. A baffle plate is provided at the first gap to prevent steam short-circuiting. Furthermore, the enclosure of the air-cooled zone allows steam not condensed in the main condensation zone to enter only from below, effectively increasing the contact area between the uncondensed steam and the air-cooled zone, thereby effectively improving the steam condensation rate.

[0065] Although the present invention has been described in detail through the preferred embodiments above, it should be understood that the above description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention. Various modifications and substitutions to the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art after reading the above description. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A surface condenser, characterized in that, include: Front tube sheet (101); The rear tube sheet (102) is disposed opposite to the front tube sheet (101); A housing (103) is arranged around the front tube sheet (101) and the rear tube sheet (102); and the housing (103) is provided with a steam inlet (111) and a liquid outlet; A first partition (121) is disposed inside the housing (103) and located between the front tube plate (101) and the rear tube plate (102); and a first through hole (1211) is provided on the first partition (121); A cooling tube bundle (130) is disposed within the housing (103) and extends through the front tube sheet (101), the first partition plate (121), and the rear tube sheet (102). The cooling tube bundle (130) includes: a main condensation zone (131) with a cross-section of multiple petal-shaped structures; and an air-cooled zone (132) with a trapezoidal cross-section located at the center of the main condensation zone (131). The main condensation zone (131) is used to condense the steam introduced from the steam inlet (111) into condensate. The air-cooled zone (132) The condenser is used to condense steam that is not condensed in the main condensation zone (131) into condensate, which is discharged to the outside of the shell (103) through the drain port; an extraction chamber (113) is provided on the outer periphery of the air-cooled zone (132) between the front tube sheet (101) and the first partition (121), and steam and non-condensable gases that are not condensed in the air-cooled zone (132) between the first partition (121) and the rear tube sheet (102) enter the extraction chamber (113) through the first through hole (1211); and The exhaust pipe (140) passes through the housing (103) and communicates with the exhaust chamber (113) to extract steam and non-condensable gases that have not been condensed in the air-cooled zone (132) to the outside of the housing (103).

2. The surface condenser as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both the main condensation zone (131) and the air-cooled zone (132) include multiple cooling pipes (1301) arranged in sequence; and cooling water flows through the cooling pipes (1301) to condense steam into condensate through heat exchange.

3. The surface condenser as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The main condensation zone (131) also includes a thick-walled tube (1302), which is disposed on the outside of the cooling tube (1301) near the steam inlet (111); and the wall thickness of the thick-walled tube (1302) is greater than the wall thickness of the cooling tube (1301).

4. The surface condenser as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The main condensation zone (131) has a groove-shaped steam inlet channel (1311) between adjacent petals, and a groove-shaped uncondensed gas guiding channel (1312) is formed in each petal; A channel (1313) for condensing uncondensed gas is formed between the main condensation zone (131) and the air-cooled zone (132); The uncondensed gas confluence channel (1313) is connected to the uncondensed gas guide channel (1312), and the steam introduced from the steam inlet (111) enters the main condensation zone (131) through the steam inlet channel (1311), while the steam that is not condensed by the main condensation zone (131) enters the air-cooled zone (132) through the uncondensed gas guide channel (1312) and the uncondensed gas confluence channel (1313).

5. The surface condenser as described in claim 1, characterized in that, All petals in the main condensation zone (131) are divided into a first group (133) and a second group (134). The first group (133) includes a plurality of petals connected in sequence, and the second group (134) includes at least one petal. The main condensation zone (131) is symmetrically arranged, and the included angle between adjacent petals is 0° to 180°. A first gap (135) is provided between the first group (133) and the second group (134) to allow the exhaust pipe (140) to pass through.

6. The surface condenser as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: A steam baffle (190) is provided at the first gap (135) to prevent steam from directly entering the air-cooled zone (132) through the first gap (135); and the exhaust pipe (140) passes through the steam baffle (190) and communicates with the exhaust chamber (113).

7. The surface condenser as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: An air-cooled zone cladding (150) covers the top and waist of the air-cooled zone (132) and is welded and fixed to the front tube sheet (101), the first partition (121) and the rear tube sheet (102); A sealing plate (160) is disposed below the air-cooled zone (132) between the front tube plate (101) and the first partition plate (121), and is welded and fixed to the front tube plate (101), the first partition plate (121) and the air-cooled zone shell (150); and the sealing plate (160), the air-cooled zone shell (150), the front tube plate (101) and the first partition plate (121) form the air extraction chamber (113).

8. The surface condenser as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: A water seal elbow (180) has one end passing through the sealing plate (160) and communicating with the air extraction chamber (113), and the other end is open, used to liquid seal the air extraction chamber (113) and drain the water accumulated in the air extraction chamber (113); A baffle plate (170) is disposed in the extraction chamber (113), located between the extraction pipe (140) and the first partition plate (121), and is welded and fixed to the air-cooled zone shell (150); there is a second gap (171) between the baffle plate (170) and the sealing plate (160), and the steam and non-condensable gas that are not condensed by the air-cooled zone (132) enter the extraction chamber (113) and flow to the extraction pipe (140) through the second gap (171).

9. The surface condenser as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The second partition (122) is disposed inside the housing (103) and located between the first partition (121) and the rear tube sheet (102); and the cooling tube bundle (130) passes through the second partition (122) so that the second partition (122) supports the cooling tube bundle (130).

10. The surface condenser as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling tube bundle (130) is a single-pass cooling water tube.

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