Carbon footprint monitoring system for coal-fired power plant

Abstract

The invention discloses a coal-fired power plant carbon footprint monitoring system, and the system comprises a CO2 monitoring unit which is disposed at a flue gas emission part of a coal-fired power plant, and comprises a flue gas flow detection device, a flue gas CO2 concentration measurement device, and a flue gas state parameter measurement device; the information processing unit is used for receiving data from the CO2 monitoring unit, collecting information related to carbon emission and carbon footprint calculation of a coal-fired power plant data center or other systems, calculating COemission and carbon footprint, and performing data analysis and early warning; according to the invention, data related to carbon emission in a coal-fired power plant data center or other systems can be collected, sorted and calculated, carbon emission is monitored in real time, and information such as combustion emission of a coal-fired power plant and carbon footprint of a real-time electric power product is displayed; if the difference between the theoretical calculation result and the actual monitoring result is too large, an early warning signal can be sent out to remind an operator to check the power plant equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of carbon footprint assessment, and in particular to the technical field of carbon footprint calculation. Background Technology

[0002] Coal-fired power plants account for over 30% of global carbon emissions, a figure that cannot be ignored. However, traditional methods for monitoring these emissions, such as laboratory flue gas analysis, often suffer from significant lag. This means that data obtained through these methods cannot reflect current emission levels in a timely manner, making it difficult to guide emission reduction efforts in real time. Furthermore, existing carbon footprint calculation methods largely rely on post-hoc statistical analysis, resulting in a lack of ability to dynamically track and optimize carbon emissions in real time. During the operation of coal-fired units, key parameters such as combustion efficiency and coal quality fluctuations are often not fully integrated into the carbon emission management system, further limiting the possibility of effective carbon emission control.

[0003] Current carbon emission monitoring technologies for coal-fired power plants have significant shortcomings: traditional flue gas analysis methods rely on offline laboratory testing, resulting in data lag and an inability to capture emission fluctuations under transient operating conditions such as peak shaving in real time; mainstream carbon accounting methods use static emission factors and post-event statistical models, which are difficult to accurately reflect real-time fluctuations in coal quality and ignore indirect emission links in the coal supply chain, such as transportation and equipment manufacturing, leading to underestimation of the carbon footprint throughout the entire life cycle; key operating parameters (such as air-fuel ratio and steam pressure) lack dynamic coupling with carbon emission data, causing a disconnect between combustion efficiency optimization and emission reduction targets; more seriously, the existing monitoring system relies heavily on human experience-based decision-making, requiring cross-departmental collaboration of more than 24 hours from locating carbon emission anomalies to executing carbon trading, which not only increases emission reduction costs but also faces the risk of failing carbon verification due to difficulties in data traceability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems in the prior art by proposing a carbon footprint monitoring system for coal-fired power plants that can solve the above problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this invention proposes a carbon footprint monitoring system for coal-fired power plants, comprising: CO2 monitoring unit: Installed at the flue gas emission point of a coal-fired power plant, the CO2 monitoring unit includes flue gas flow detection equipment, flue gas CO2 concentration measurement equipment, and flue gas state parameter measurement equipment.

[0006] The flue gas flow detection device is used to detect the flow rate or velocity of emitted flue gas.

[0007] The flue gas CO2 concentration measuring device is used to measure the concentration of CO2.

[0008] The flue gas state parameter measuring device is used to detect the temperature, humidity and pressure of the emitted flue gas.

[0009] Information processing unit: Used to receive data from CO2 monitoring unit, collect information on carbon emissions and carbon footprint calculations from coal-fired power plant data centers or other systems, calculate CO2 emissions and carbon footprints, and perform data analysis and early warning.

[0010] Display terminal: Used to display calculation results, early warning signals and related decision-making suggestions in real time to assist operators in making decisions.

[0011] Preferably, the sampling method of the flue gas flow detection device is selected from one or more of the complete extraction method, dilution extraction method, and direct measurement method.

[0012] Complete extraction methods include cold-drying and hot-wet methods.

[0013] The complete extraction method involves extracting flue gas from the flue or chimney, heating it along the pipeline to maintain its dew point temperature above the specified level, and then further processing it before sending it to an analyzer to obtain the CO2 concentration. Specifically, the cold-dry method involves dust removal and condensation dehumidification of the flue gas before it enters the analyzer, yielding a dry basis concentration; the hot-humidification method maintains a high temperature throughout the process and sends the gas to the analyzer without dehumidification, yielding a wet basis concentration; the dilution extraction method involves extracting flue gas from the flue or chimney, removing dust, diluting it by a certain factor with dry air free of CO2 to lower its dew point temperature below room temperature, and then sending it to the analyzer. After analysis, the results are scaled up according to the dilution ratio to obtain the CO2 concentration; the in-situ measurement method involves installing a monitoring system directly in the flue or chimney to directly obtain the CO2 concentration.

[0014] Preferably, the flue gas flow detection device is selected from one or more of differential pressure flow meters, thermally conductive flow meters, and ultrasonic flow meters.

[0015] Differential pressure flow meters include pitot tube type and matrix type.

[0016] Preferably, in the flue gas CO2 concentration measuring device, the CO2 concentration analysis method is an optical method, which is selected from non-dispersive infrared absorption spectroscopy (NDIR), Fourier transform infrared absorption spectroscopy (FTIR), tunable laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS), cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS), etc.

[0017] The main principle of NDIR technology is that CO2 gas molecules absorb infrared light of a certain frequency, causing a change in the intensity of the infrared light. The amount of change is related to the gas concentration, so the CO2 gas concentration can be obtained by measuring the change in light intensity. The principle of FTIR technology is to use a Michelson interferometer to convert the light emitted by the infrared source into interference light, obtain an infrared interferogram, and compare the sample spectrum with the standard spectrum to quantify and obtain the CO2 concentration. The principle of TDLAS technology is to adjust the current of the input tunable semiconductor laser so that the wavelength of the laser output is near the absorption peak of the gas being measured, and then obtain the concentration of the gas being measured based on the relationship between the amount of laser absorbed by the gas molecules and their own concentration (Lambert-Beer Law). The principle of CRDS technology is to determine the decay time of the light energy by the CO2 absorption in the decay cavity and the reflectivity of the mirrors in the decay cavity, and then obtain the CO2 gas concentration by the decay time.

[0018] Preferably, the coal-fired power plant is equipped with a CO2-CEMS system, which directly sends the monitoring data from the CO2 monitoring unit to the information processing unit.

[0019] A method for operating a carbon footprint monitoring system for a coal-fired power plant includes the following steps: S1, CO2 monitoring unit measures the state parameters of the emitted flue gas and sends the state parameters to the information processing unit. The state parameters of the emitted flue gas include the flow rate or velocity of the emitted flue gas, CO2 concentration, temperature, humidity and pressure. S2, The information processing unit calculates the monitored CO2 emissions based on the acquired information. E 监测 Theoretical CO2 emissions E 理论 The carbon footprint of coal-fired power plants; S3, the information processing unit sends the calculated data, early warning signals and decision suggestions to the display terminal.

[0020] Preferably, step S2 includes: S2A.1 The information processing unit receives feedback parameters from the CO2 monitoring unit periodically or in real time, and calculates the monitored CO2 emissions based on these parameters. E 监测 ; E 监测 The calculation method is adjusted according to different concentration analysis methods; but all follow equation (1); (1); In the formula, E 监测 This indicates the CO2 emissions monitored by the CO2 monitoring unit of a coal-fired power plant, expressed in kg / h. C(CO 2 )CO2 concentration is usually expressed as a volume fraction, expressed as a percentage (%). Q This indicates the flue gas flow rate, expressed in m³ / h. ρ represents Gas density, measured in kg / m³.

[0021] Among them, the gas density needs to be corrected to the standard value based on the flue gas temperature and pressure (usually taken as 1.964 kg / m³, corresponding to standard conditions of 0℃ and 1 atm); the concentration and flow rate need to be corrected to the same reference (dry basis / wet basis, standard condition / operating condition).

[0022] S2A.2 The information processing unit periodically or in real time extracts information from the coal-fired power plant's data center or other systems, and calculates the theoretical CO2 emissions based on this information. E 理论 .

[0023] The extracted information includes coal testing reports, coal combustion volume, fly ash and dry slag production and carbon content, coal origin and transportation method, process water usage, other chemical reagent usage and their origin and transportation method, and other information.

[0024] The emission factor calculated by the combustion emission theory can be calculated according to formula (2); (2); In the formula, EF i ——No. i The emission factor of fossil fuel combustion, expressed in t CO2 / t; NCV i ——No. i The lower heating value of fossil fuels, expressed in GJ / t; CC i ——No. i The carbon content per unit calorific value of a fossil fuel, expressed in t C / GJ; OF i ——No. i The carbon oxidation rate of a fossil fuel, expressed as a percentage (%).

[0025] The carbon oxidation rate of coal can be calculated according to formula (3), and the carbon oxidation rate of fuel oil is taken as 0.98; (3); In the formula, G 渣 Slag production, in tons; C 渣 The average carbon content of the slag, expressed as a percentage. G 灰 This refers to fly ash production, expressed in tons (t). C 灰The average carbon content of fly ash is expressed as a percentage. The average dust removal efficiency of the dust removal system, expressed as a percentage (%); FC 煤 NCV represents the amount of coal consumed, measured in tons (t). 煤 The lower heating value of coal is expressed in GJ / t; CC 煤 Carbon content per unit calorific value of coal, expressed in tC / GJ.

[0026] The theoretical calculation of combustion emissions can be performed according to formula (4); (4).

[0027] S2A.3, the information processing unit for E 监测 and E 理论 If a comparison is made, E 监测 Integral sum over a certain period of time E 理论 If the difference exceeds 5%, the information processing unit sends an abnormal signal to the display terminal to remind staff to check for data anomalies.

[0028] S2A.4 The information processing unit sends the calculated data, early warning signals, decision suggestions, etc. to the display terminal or other devices.

[0029] Preferably, step S2 includes: S2B.1 The information processing unit periodically or in real time extracts data related to carbon footprint from the coal-fired power plant data center or other systems. The extracted data includes the amount of coal and combustion aid used, elemental carbon content, place of origin, mode of transportation, and transportation mileage; the amount of process water used, the amount of auxiliary materials used, place of origin, mode of transportation, and transportation mileage; the output, place of sale, mode of transportation, and transportation mileage of by-products; and the output and heat supply ratio of products.

[0030] S2B.2 Determine emission factors: The information processing unit imports external emission factor databases and prioritizes selecting emission factors based on the production location. If there are no emission factors for the corresponding production location, the emission factors for the nearest region are selected. All emission factors can be manually selected using custom values ​​or built-in values ​​from the database.

[0031] S2B.3. The carbon footprint of electricity is divided into three stages: upstream, core processes, and waste treatment. The upstream stage includes the production and transportation of fossil fuels, auxiliary materials and water, machinery and equipment, and building materials. The core processes include emissions from fossil fuel combustion, dust removal, desulfurization, and denitrification. E 监测 Integral sum over a certain period of time E 理论If the difference is no more than 5%, then the CO2 emissions from the core process are equal to the monitored CO2 emissions. E 监测 If the integral over a certain period exceeds 5%, then the CO2 emissions from the core process equal the theoretical CO2 emissions. E 理论 ,in, E 监测 The integration time range must be consistent with E 理论 The calculated data on coal consumption are based on the same time period; the waste treatment stage includes the comprehensive utilization of by-products, the treatment of waste, and emissions generated from transportation.

[0032] S2B.4 Calculate the carbon footprint of the upstream stage, the core stage, and the waste treatment stage to obtain the total carbon footprint of the coal-fired power plant; then calculate the carbon footprint of the electricity products based on the total carbon footprint of the coal-fired power plant.

[0033] The carbon footprint of the upstream stage can be calculated according to formula (5); (5); In the formula, AD i Indicates the first i The yield or amount of a substance, expressed in tons (t). EF i,生产 Indicates the first i The carbon footprint emission factor of a substance production process, expressed in t CO2e / t; EF i,加工 Indicates the first i The carbon footprint emission factor of a material processing process, expressed in t CO2e / t; EF i,运输 Indicates the first i The carbon footprint emission factor of a substance transportation process, expressed in t CO2e / (t·km); EF i,运输距离 Indicates the first i The transport distance of a substance during its transport process is expressed in km; missing emission factors are temporarily filled with 0.

[0034] The carbon footprint of the waste treatment stage can be calculated according to formula (6); (6); In the formula, AD i Indicates the first i The yield of a type of by-product or waste, expressed in tons (t). EF i,综合利用 / 处理 Indicates the first i The carbon footprint emission factor of a process for the comprehensive utilization or treatment of by-products or waste, expressed in t CO2e / t.

[0035] The total carbon footprint of coal-fired power plants is CFP 燃煤电厂 Calculate according to formula (7); (7).

[0036] The carbon footprint of the power products is calculated according to formula (8); (8); In the formula, the carbon footprint of electricity products from coal-fired power plants is... CFP 燃煤电力 The unit is t CO2e / MWh; α This represents the heat supply ratio of a coal-fired power plant, with a value ranging from 0 to 1. W gd This represents the electricity generated by coal-fired power plants and is expressed in MWh.

[0037] S2B.5 The information processing unit displays the total carbon footprint curve of the coal-fired power plant, the carbon footprint curve of the power product, the unit load curve, and the key operating parameter curve in the same chart to assist decision-making.

[0038] Preferably, the data extracted in step S2B.1 also includes the amount of building materials used, energy consumption, and natural resource consumption during the infrastructure construction period, as well as the consumption of parts and tools during daily operation and maintenance.

[0039] Preferably, in step S2B.2, the database is an open-source database, and the priority principle for data sources is: on-site acquisition > literature > empirical data; the priority principle for data types is: monitoring data > converted data > estimated data; and the priority principle for data time is: real-time acquisition > valid data within 1 year > valid data within 5 years.

[0040] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention can collect, organize, and calculate carbon emission-related data from coal-fired power plant data centers or other systems, monitor carbon emissions in real time, and display information such as coal-fired power plant combustion emissions and real-time carbon footprint of electricity products; if the theoretical calculations and actual monitoring results differ too much, an early warning signal can be issued to remind operators to check the power plant equipment; important operating parameters of coal-fired power plants and carbon emission information can be displayed on the same chart to show the impact of other operating parameters on carbon emissions.

[0041] The features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a system block diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is the calculation boundary diagram of the carbon footprint of electricity products from coal-fired power plants according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0043] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 A carbon footprint monitoring system for coal-fired power plants, comprising: CO2 monitoring unit: Installed on the chimney or flue of a coal-fired power plant (after environmental protection facilities such as dust removal, desulfurization and denitrification), the CO2 monitoring unit includes flue gas flow detection equipment, flue gas CO2 concentration measurement equipment and flue gas state parameter measurement equipment.

[0044] The flue gas flow detection device is used to detect the flow rate or velocity of emitted flue gas.

[0045] The flue gas CO2 concentration measuring device is used to measure the concentration of CO2.

[0046] The flue gas state parameter measuring device is used to detect the temperature, humidity and pressure of the emitted flue gas.

[0047] Information processing unit: Used to receive data from CO2 monitoring unit, collect information on carbon emissions and carbon footprint calculations from coal-fired power plant data centers or other systems, calculate CO2 emissions and carbon footprints, and perform data analysis and early warning.

[0048] Display terminal: Used to display calculation results, early warning signals and related decision-making suggestions in real time to assist operators in making decisions.

[0049] The sampling method of the flue gas flow detection device is selected from one or more of the following: complete extraction method, dilution extraction method, and direct measurement method.

[0050] The flue gas flow detection device is selected from one or more of the following: differential pressure flow meter, thermal conductivity flow meter, and ultrasonic flow meter.

[0051] In the flue gas CO2 concentration measuring device, the CO2 concentration is analyzed by an optical method, which is selected from non-dispersive infrared absorption method, Fourier transform infrared absorption spectroscopy, tunable laser absorption spectroscopy, and cavity ring-down spectroscopy.

[0052] This invention can be used to upgrade and transform coal-fired power plants. If a coal-fired power plant does not have carbon monitoring equipment, it can install carbon monitoring equipment according to the scheme mentioned in this invention, after comprehensive consideration. If the coal-fired power plant already has carbon monitoring equipment, the data can be directly sent to the information processing unit.

[0053] For example, if a coal-fired power plant is equipped with a CO2-CEMS system, the monitoring data from the CO2 monitoring unit can be directly sent to the information processing unit.

[0054] The information processing unit can receive feedback parameters from the CO2 monitoring unit at regular intervals or in real time, and can calculate the CO2 emissions from the flue gas emitted by the coal-fired power plant using these parameters.

[0055] It has the function of extracting information from the data center of coal-fired power plants or other systems, and calculating the real-time carbon emissions, carbon footprint, carbon footprint of products such as electricity and heat of coal-fired power plants based on this information.

[0056] It has the function of sending computational data, early warning signals, decision suggestions, etc. to display terminals or other devices.

[0057] The working method of the carbon footprint monitoring system for coal-fired power plants includes the following steps: S1, CO2 monitoring unit measures the state parameters of the emitted flue gas and sends the state parameters to the information processing unit. The state parameters of the emitted flue gas include the flow rate or velocity of the emitted flue gas, CO2 concentration, temperature, humidity and pressure. S2, The information processing unit calculates the monitored CO2 emissions based on the acquired information. E 监测 Theoretical CO2 emissions E 理论 The carbon footprint of coal-fired power plants; S3, the information processing unit sends the calculated data, early warning signals and decision suggestions to the display terminal.

[0058] In step S1, the method by which the information processing unit receives information from the CO2 monitoring unit to calculate flue gas carbon emissions needs to be adjusted according to different concentration analysis methods, but all follow equation (1); (1); In the formula, E 监测 This indicates the CO2 emissions monitored by the CO2 monitoring unit of a coal-fired power plant, expressed in kg / h. C(CO 2 ) CO2 concentration is usually expressed as a volume fraction, expressed as a percentage (%). Q This indicates the flue gas flow rate, expressed in m³ / h. ρ represents Gas density, measured in kg / m³.

[0059] The gas density needs to be corrected to a standard value based on the flue gas temperature and pressure (usually 1.964 kg / m³, corresponding to standard conditions of 0℃ and 1 atm). The concentration and flow rate need to be corrected to the same reference (dry / wet basis, standard / operating condition).

[0060] In step S2, the information processing unit can extract information from the coal-fired power plant data center or other systems periodically or in real time, including but not limited to coal testing reports, coal combustion volume, fly ash and dry slag production and carbon content, coal origin and transportation method, process water usage, other chemical reagent usage and origin and transportation method, and other information.

[0061] The emission factor calculated from combustion emissions can be calculated according to equation (2); (2); In the formula, EF i ——No. i The emission factor of fossil fuel combustion, expressed in t CO2 / t; NCV i ——No. i The lower heating value of fossil fuels, expressed in GJ / t; CC i ——No. i The carbon content per unit calorific value of a fossil fuel, expressed in t C / GJ; OF i ——No. i The carbon oxidation rate of the fossil fuels is expressed as %; the carbon oxidation rate of coal can be calculated according to formula (3); and the carbon oxidation rate of fuel oil is taken as 0.98. (3); In the formula, G 渣 Slag production, in tons; C 渣 The average carbon content of the slag, expressed as a percentage. G 灰 This refers to fly ash production, expressed in tons (t). C 灰 The average carbon content of fly ash is expressed as a percentage. The average dust removal efficiency of the dust removal system, expressed as a percentage (%); FC 煤 NCV represents the amount of coal consumed, measured in tons (t). 煤 The lower heating value of coal is expressed in GJ / t; CC 煤 Carbon content per unit calorific value of coal, expressed in tC / GJ.

[0062] The theoretical calculation of combustion emissions can be performed according to formula (4); (4); In the formula, E 理论 This represents the theoretically calculated CO2 emissions, expressed in tons (t), obtained periodically or in real-time from information extracted by the information processing unit from the coal-fired power plant's data center or other systems.E 监测 Integral sum over a certain period of time E 理论 If the difference exceeds 5%, the information processing unit sends an abnormal signal to the display terminal, reminding staff to check for data anomalies, focusing on checking the average carbon content of the slag and whether the monitoring equipment is malfunctioning, and to collaborate with other departments of the power plant to investigate the problem.

[0063] In step S2, when the information processing unit calculates the carbon footprint of electricity, the data to be extracted includes at least the following: the amount of coal and combustion aids (fuel oil, etc.), elemental carbon content, place of origin, mode of transportation, and transportation mileage; the amount of process water, the amount of auxiliary materials (urea, limestone, various oils, liquid ammonia), place of origin, mode of transportation, and transportation mileage; the output, sales location, mode of transportation, and transportation mileage of by-products (coal slag, dust collector ash, gypsum, etc.); the output and heat supply ratio of products (electricity supplied to the grid, heat supplied, etc.); and optional information to be extracted includes the amount of building materials (cement, steel, glass, etc.) used during the infrastructure construction period, the consumption of energy (electricity, heat, etc.), and the consumption of natural resources (water), as well as the consumption of parts and tools during daily operation and maintenance.

[0064] The information processing unit can import external emission factor databases, prioritizing the selection of emission factors based on production location. If no emission factor for the corresponding production location is available, the emission factor from the nearest region will be selected. All emission factors can be manually selected from custom databases or from existing databases. The database is an open-source database, and the priority order of data sources is as follows: on-site acquisition > literature > empirical data; data type: monitoring data > converted data > estimated data; data time: real-time acquisition > valid data within 1 year > valid data within 5 years.

[0065] When calculating the carbon footprint of electricity, it is divided into the upstream stage, the core stage, and the waste treatment stage. The upstream stage includes the production and transportation of fossil fuels (coal, combustion aids, etc.), auxiliary materials (urea, limestone, various oils, liquid ammonia, etc.), water, machinery and equipment, and building materials, which can be calculated according to formula (5). The core stage includes emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels, dust removal, desulfurization, denitrification, (optional power plant construction, maintenance, etc.). 监测 The integral over a certain period of time and E 理论 If the difference is no more than 5%, then E 核心 =∫E 监测 Conversely, core process emissions E 核心 =E 理论 It is important to note that E 监测 The integration time range must be consistent with E 理论 The calculated data on coal consumption are from the same time period; waste treatment includes the comprehensive utilization of by-products, the treatment of waste and the emissions generated from transportation, which can be calculated according to formula (6).

[0066] (5); In the formula, AD i Indicates the first i The yield or amount of a substance, expressed in tons (t). EF i,生产 Indicates the first i The carbon footprint emission factor of a substance production process, expressed in t CO2e / t; EF i,加工 Indicates the first i The carbon footprint emission factor of a material processing process, expressed in t CO2e / t; EF i,运输 Indicates the first i The carbon footprint emission factor of a substance transportation process, expressed in t CO2e / (t·km); EF i,运输距离 Indicates the first i The transport distance of a substance during its transport process is expressed in km; missing emission factors are temporarily filled with 0.

[0067] (6); In the formula, AD i Indicates the first i The yield of a type of by-product or waste, expressed in tons (t). EF i,综合利用 / 处理 Indicates the first i The carbon footprint emission factor of a process for the comprehensive utilization or treatment of by-products or waste, expressed in t CO2e / t.

[0068] Therefore, the total carbon footprint of coal-fired power plants is CFP 燃煤电厂 Calculate according to formula (7); (7).

[0069] The carbon footprint of the power products is calculated according to formula (8); (8); In the formula, the carbon footprint of electricity products from coal-fired power plants is... CFP 燃煤电力 The unit is t CO2e / MWh; α This represents the heat supply ratio of a coal-fired power plant, with a value ranging from 0 to 1. W gd This represents the electricity generated by coal-fired power plants and is expressed in MWh.

[0070] The information processing unit can display the total carbon footprint curve of coal-fired power plants, the carbon footprint curve of power products, the unit load curve, and the key operating parameter curves on the same chart to assist in decision-making.

[0071] The display terminal can receive and display data sent by the information processing unit, and can be deployed in the form of an APP or a web page. The device includes, but is not limited to, computers, mobile phones, and TV screens.

[0072] The above embodiments are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any simple modifications to the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A carbon footprint monitoring system for coal-fired power plants, characterized in that, include: CO2 monitoring unit: Installed at the flue gas emission point of a coal-fired power plant, the CO2 monitoring unit includes flue gas flow detection equipment, flue gas CO2 concentration measurement equipment, and flue gas state parameter measurement equipment; The flue gas flow detection device is used to detect the flow rate or velocity of the emitted flue gas. The flue gas CO2 concentration measuring device is used to measure the concentration of CO2; The flue gas state parameter measuring device is used to detect the temperature, humidity and pressure of the emitted flue gas; Information processing unit: Used to receive data from CO2 monitoring unit, collect information on carbon emissions and carbon footprint calculation from coal-fired power plant data center or other systems, calculate CO2 emissions and carbon footprint, and perform data analysis and early warning; Display terminal: Used to display calculation results, early warning signals and related decision-making suggestions in real time to assist operators in making decisions.

2. The carbon footprint monitoring system for coal-fired power plants as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling method of the flue gas flow detection device is selected from one or more of the following: complete extraction method, dilution extraction method, and direct measurement method.

3. The carbon footprint monitoring system for coal-fired power plants as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The flue gas flow detection device is selected from one or more of the following: differential pressure flow meter, thermal conductivity flow meter, and ultrasonic flow meter.

4. The carbon footprint monitoring system for coal-fired power plants as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In the flue gas CO2 concentration measuring device, the CO2 concentration is analyzed by an optical method, which is selected from non-dispersive infrared absorption method, Fourier transform infrared absorption spectroscopy, tunable laser absorption spectroscopy, and cavity ring-down spectroscopy.

5. The carbon footprint monitoring system for coal-fired power plants as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The coal-fired power plant is equipped with a CO2-CEMS system, which directly sends the monitoring data from the CO2 monitoring unit to the information processing unit.

6. The working method of the carbon footprint monitoring system for coal-fired power plants as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, CO2 monitoring unit measures the state parameters of the emitted flue gas and sends the state parameters to the information processing unit. The state parameters of the emitted flue gas include the flow rate or velocity of the emitted flue gas, CO2 concentration, temperature, humidity and pressure. S2, The information processing unit calculates the monitored CO2 emissions based on the acquired information. E 监测 Theoretical CO2 emissions E 理论 The carbon footprint of coal-fired power plants; S3, the information processing unit sends the calculated data, early warning signals and decision suggestions to the display terminal.

7. The working method of the carbon footprint monitoring system for coal-fired power plants as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Step S2 includes: S2A.1 The information processing unit receives feedback parameters from the CO2 monitoring unit periodically or in real time, and calculates the monitored CO2 emissions based on these parameters. E 监测 ; E 监测 The calculation method is adjusted according to different concentration analysis methods; S2A.2 The information processing unit periodically or in real time extracts information from the coal-fired power plant's data center or other systems, and calculates the theoretical CO2 emissions based on this information. E 理论 ; The extracted information includes coal testing reports, coal combustion volume, fly ash and dry ash production and carbon content, coal origin and transportation method, process water usage, other chemical reagent usage, origin and transportation method, and other information. S2A.3, the information processing unit for E 监测 and E 理论 If a comparison is made, E 监测 Integral sum over a certain period of time E 理论 If the difference exceeds 5%, the information processing unit sends an abnormal signal to the display terminal to remind staff to check for data anomalies. S2A.4 The information processing unit sends the calculated data, early warning signals, and decision suggestions to the display terminal or other devices.

8. The working method of the carbon footprint monitoring system for coal-fired power plants as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Step S2 includes: S2B.1 The information processing unit periodically or in real time extracts data related to carbon footprint from the coal-fired power plant data center or other systems. The extracted data includes the amount of coal and combustion aid used, elemental carbon content, origin, transportation method, and transportation mileage; the amount of process water used, the amount of auxiliary materials used, origin, transportation method, and transportation mileage; the output, sales location, transportation method, and transportation mileage of by-products; and the output and heat supply ratio of products. S2B.2 Determine emission factors: The information processing unit imports external emission factor databases and prioritizes selecting emission factors based on the production location. If there are no emission factors for the corresponding production location, the emission factors for the nearest region are selected. All emission factors can be manually selected using custom values ​​or built-in values ​​from the database. S2B.

3. The carbon footprint of electricity is divided into three stages: upstream, core processes, and waste treatment. The upstream stage includes the production and transportation of fossil fuels, auxiliary materials and water, machinery and equipment, and building materials. The core processes include emissions from fossil fuel combustion, dust removal, desulfurization, and denitrification. E 监测 Integral sum over a certain period of time E 理论 If the difference is no more than 5%, then the CO2 emissions from the core process are equal to the monitored CO2 emissions. E 监测 If the integral over a certain period exceeds 5%, then the CO2 emissions from the core process equal the theoretical CO2 emissions. E 理论 ,in, E 监测 The integration time range must be consistent with E 理论 The calculated coal consumption data are from the same time period; the waste treatment stage includes the comprehensive utilization of by-products, waste treatment, and emissions generated from transportation. S2B.4 Calculate the carbon footprint of the upstream stage, the core stage, and the waste treatment stage to obtain the total carbon footprint of the coal-fired power plant; then calculate the carbon footprint of the electricity products based on the total carbon footprint of the coal-fired power plant. S2B.5 The information processing unit displays the total carbon footprint curve of the coal-fired power plant, the carbon footprint curve of the power product, the unit load curve, and the key operating parameter curve in the same chart to assist decision-making.

9. The working method of the carbon footprint monitoring system for coal-fired power plants as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The data extracted in step S2B.1 also includes the amount of building materials used, energy consumption, and natural resource consumption during the infrastructure construction period, as well as the consumption of parts and tools during daily operation and maintenance.

10. The working method of the carbon footprint monitoring system for coal-fired power plants as described in claim 8, characterized in that: In step S2B.2, the database is an open-source database, and the priority principle for data sources is: on-site acquisition > literature > empirical data; the priority principle for data types is: monitoring data > converted data > estimated data; and the priority principle for data time is: real-time acquisition > valid data within 1 year > valid data within 5 years.

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