Electrical connector signal transmission optimization method and system

Abstract

This invention provides a method and system for optimizing signal transmission in electrical connectors, relating to the field of communication technology. The method includes acquiring electrical characteristic parameters and transmission path topology information, identifying frequency inflection points and calculating loss coefficients, constructing frequency-selective compensation mapping rules to obtain a frequency division compensation strategy, calculating dual-component correction factors for nonlinear adaptive adjustment to obtain target compensation parameters, and finally generating multi-channel compensation control signals. This invention can accurately identify loss characteristics in signal transmission, achieve frequency-selective compensation, and improve the signal transmission quality and stability of electrical connectors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a method and system for optimizing signal transmission of electrical connectors. Background Technology

[0002] As electronic devices evolve towards higher speeds, higher frequencies, and miniaturization, performance optimization of electrical connectors during signal transmission becomes paramount. As a key component in electronic systems, the performance of electrical connectors directly impacts system stability and reliability. Traditional electrical connector signal transmission technologies rely primarily on fixed compensation schemes, which often struggle to cope with complex electrical environments and signal attenuation issues during high-frequency signal transmission. Currently, electrical connector signal transmission optimization is mainly achieved through impedance matching, shielding design, and material selection. However, with continuously increasing signal frequencies, traditional optimization methods are insufficient to meet the demands of high-speed signal transmission.

[0003] Traditional signal transmission optimization methods for electrical connectors lack real-time capabilities and cannot dynamically adjust according to the actual transmission environment and signal characteristics, resulting in difficulty in guaranteeing signal quality in complex electrical environments. These methods typically employ static compensation strategies, which cannot adapt to dynamic changes during signal transmission, thus affecting signal integrity and reliability.

[0004] Existing technologies lack selective compensation mechanisms for different frequency ranges, often employing a uniform compensation strategy that struggles to accurately compensate for frequency-related loss characteristics. During high-speed signal transmission, the attenuation levels of different frequency components vary, making a uniform compensation scheme insufficient to meet optimization needs across the entire frequency band, especially highlighting signal quality issues near frequency transition points.

[0005] Existing signal transmission optimization methods fail to fully consider the correlation between transmission path topology and signal loss distribution, lacking precise compensation capabilities based on the topology path. The inability to accurately identify key nodes on the signal transmission path and their corresponding loss characteristics leads to inaccurate compensation measures, hindering efficient signal transmission optimization. This problem is particularly pronounced in multi-stage cascaded connector systems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a method and system for optimizing signal transmission of electrical connectors, which can solve the problems in the prior art.

[0007] A first aspect of the present invention provides a method for optimizing signal transmission of an electrical connector, comprising:

[0008] Acquire real-time electrical characteristic parameters and transmission path topology information of the electrical connector during signal transmission;

[0009] Based on the electrical characteristic parameters, frequency inflection points of amplitude attenuation gradient change and phase offset gradient change are identified, and frequency-related loss coefficients are calculated. These frequency-related loss coefficients are then mapped to a transmission path topology map constructed based on the transmission path topology information to obtain the loss characteristic distribution.

[0010] Based on the relationship between frequency components and amplitude attenuation in the loss characteristic distribution, a frequency-selective compensation mapping rule is constructed to map the loss characteristic distribution in different frequency ranges to the corresponding set of compensation gain coefficients, thereby obtaining a frequency division compensation strategy;

[0011] Based on the frequency division compensation strategy and the impedance matching state in the transmission path topology information, the dual-component correction factor at each transmission node is calculated in real time, and the compensation gain coefficient set is nonlinearly adaptively adjusted based on the dual-component correction factor to obtain the target compensation parameter;

[0012] Based on the target compensation parameters, the node position identifiers of each signal transmission node in the transmission path topology are extracted. The propagation delay is calculated in combination with the physical distribution position in the signal transmission channel of the electrical connector. The propagation delay is then superimposed with the time-domain compensation pulse sequence corresponding to each signal transmission node to generate a multi-channel compensation control signal.

[0013] Based on the electrical characteristic parameters, frequency inflection points of amplitude attenuation gradient changes and phase offset gradient changes are identified, and frequency-related loss coefficients are calculated. These frequency-related loss coefficients are then mapped to a transmission path topology map constructed based on the transmission path topology information, resulting in a loss characteristic distribution including:

[0014] The electrical characteristic parameters are subjected to frequency domain transformation processing to extract the amplitude frequency response data and phase frequency response data of the electrical connector within a preset frequency range;

[0015] Based on the transmission path topology information, the connection relationships between signal transmission nodes and nodes inside the electrical connector are identified, and a transmission path topology map is constructed.

[0016] Based on the amplitude-frequency response data and the phase-frequency response data, frequency inflection points of amplitude attenuation gradient change and phase offset gradient change are identified, the preset frequency range is divided into multiple frequency sub-intervals, and frequency-related loss coefficients are calculated for each frequency sub-interval.

[0017] The frequency-related loss coefficients corresponding to each frequency sub-interval are mapped to each signal transmission node in the transmission path topology, establishing a three-dimensional correlation between the frequency sub-intervals, the frequency-related loss coefficients, and the signal transmission nodes, thereby obtaining the loss characteristic distribution;

[0018] Based on the loss characteristic distribution, the difference in loss coefficients between adjacent signal transmission nodes within the same frequency sub-interval is calculated, and the frequency inflection point is corrected according to the difference in loss coefficients, thereby updating the loss characteristic distribution.

[0019] Mapping the frequency-related loss coefficients corresponding to each frequency sub-interval to each signal transmission node in the transmission path topology, establishing a three-dimensional correlation between the frequency sub-intervals, the frequency-related loss coefficients, and the signal transmission nodes, yields the loss characteristic distribution including:

[0020] Each signal transmission node in the transmission path topology is uniquely identified and encoded, and the spatial coordinates of each signal transmission node in the transmission path topology are extracted.

[0021] For each of the aforementioned signal transmission nodes, all the aforementioned frequency sub-intervals are traversed, and the frequency-related loss coefficients corresponding to each of the aforementioned frequency sub-intervals are associated one by one with the unique identifier code of the corresponding signal transmission node, forming a node loss matrix with the signal transmission node as the index, the frequency sub-interval as the dimension, and the frequency-related loss coefficient as the value;

[0022] Based on the node loss matrix and the spatial coordinates of each signal transmission node, a three-dimensional relationship is established between the frequency sub-interval, the frequency-related loss coefficient, and the signal transmission node. This three-dimensional relationship includes the frequency sub-interval corresponding to the frequency dimension, the frequency-related loss coefficient corresponding to the loss dimension, and the spatial coordinates corresponding to the spatial dimension.

[0023] The loss feature distribution is formed by combining all the signal transmission nodes, frequency sub-intervals and frequency-related loss coefficients in the three-dimensional association relationship. The loss feature distribution includes the loss information and spatial location information of each signal transmission node in each frequency sub-interval.

[0024] Based on the relationship between frequency components and amplitude attenuation in the loss characteristic distribution, a frequency-selective compensation mapping rule is constructed to map the loss characteristic distribution in different frequency ranges to the corresponding compensation gain coefficient set, resulting in a frequency division compensation strategy including:

[0025] Analyze the numerical variation trend between the frequency component and the amplitude attenuation value, and establish a frequency-attenuation correlation function that characterizes the mapping relationship between the frequency component and the amplitude attenuation value;

[0026] Extract the amplitude attenuation value from the frequency-attenuation correlation function, calculate the compensation amplitude increment required to restore the amplitude attenuation value to a preset reference amplitude, convert the compensation amplitude increment into a corresponding compensation gain coefficient, and arrange all compensation gain coefficients in the frequency order of the frequency range to form a compensation gain coefficient set;

[0027] Establish a correspondence between the frequency range boundary of the frequency interval and the index of each compensation gain coefficient in the compensation gain coefficient set, forming a frequency selective compensation mapping rule. The lookup mapping from the input frequency to the corresponding compensation gain coefficient is realized through frequency range boundary determination.

[0028] Based on the index correspondence, the frequency range boundary of each frequency interval is mapped to the corresponding compensation gain coefficient in the compensation gain coefficient set, and the combination relationship between the frequency interval, the frequency range boundary and the compensation gain coefficient is encapsulated as a frequency division compensation strategy.

[0029] Based on the frequency division compensation strategy and the impedance matching state in the transmission path topology information, the dual-component correction factor at each transmission node is calculated in real time, and the compensation gain coefficient set is nonlinearly adaptively adjusted based on the dual-component correction factor to obtain the target compensation parameters, including:

[0030] The impedance matching state includes the measured impedance value of each signal transmission node and the impedance difference value between adjacent signal transmission nodes;

[0031] For each signal transmission node, the compensation gain coefficient in the frequency division compensation strategy is extracted, the deviation ratio between the measured impedance value and the preset standard impedance value is calculated, and the normalized difference between the impedance difference between adjacent signal transmission nodes and the measured impedance value is calculated. Based on the deviation ratio and the normalized difference, a two-component correction factor containing an absolute deviation component and a relative gradient component is constructed.

[0032] The dual-component correction factor and the compensation gain coefficients in the compensation gain coefficient set are subjected to a nonlinear composite operation. The nonlinear composite operation includes exponentially ...

[0033] Based on the target compensation parameters, extract the node position identifiers of each signal transmission node in the transmission path topology map, calculate the propagation delay by combining the physical distribution positions in the signal transmission channel of the electrical connector, and perform waveform superposition operation on the propagation delay and the time-domain compensation pulse sequence corresponding to each signal transmission node to generate multi-channel compensation control signals, including:

[0034] The target compensation parameters are analyzed to extract the node position identifiers of each signal transmission node in the transmission path topology map;

[0035] Based on the node location identifier, the physical distribution position of each signal transmission node in the signal transmission channel of the electrical connector is determined, the transmission path length between adjacent signal transmission nodes is calculated, and the propagation delay between adjacent signal transmission nodes is calculated based on the transmission path length and the signal propagation speed.

[0036] The time-domain compensation pulse sequence corresponding to each signal transmission node is associated with the propagation delay to generate a spatial distribution compensation sequence containing delay information;

[0037] The time-domain compensation pulse sequence in the spatial distribution compensation sequence is time-aligned with the propagation delay. Waveform superposition is performed on the multiple time-domain compensation pulse sequences after time alignment. The waveform superposition operation offsets the time axis of each time-domain compensation pulse sequence according to the propagation delay and then accumulates the amplitude to generate multiple compensation control signals. The compensation control signals are applied to the signal transmission channel of the electrical connector.

[0038] A second aspect of the present invention provides an electrical connector signal transmission optimization system, comprising:

[0039] The first unit is used to acquire real-time electrical characteristic parameters and transmission path topology information of the electrical connector during signal transmission;

[0040] The second unit is used to identify frequency inflection points of amplitude attenuation gradient change and phase offset gradient change based on the electrical characteristic parameters and calculate frequency-related loss coefficients. The frequency-related loss coefficients are then mapped to a transmission path topology map constructed based on the transmission path topology information to obtain the loss characteristic distribution.

[0041] The third unit is used to construct a frequency-selective compensation mapping rule based on the relationship between the frequency components and amplitude attenuation in the loss characteristic distribution, and to map the loss characteristic distribution in different frequency ranges to the corresponding set of compensation gain coefficients to obtain a frequency division compensation strategy;

[0042] The fourth unit is used to calculate the dual-component correction factor at each transmission node in real time based on the frequency division compensation strategy and the impedance matching state in the transmission path topology information, and to perform nonlinear adaptive adjustment on the compensation gain coefficient set based on the dual-component correction factor to obtain the target compensation parameter;

[0043] The fifth unit is used to extract the node position identifier of each signal transmission node in the transmission path topology based on the target compensation parameters, calculate the propagation delay in combination with the physical distribution position in the signal transmission channel of the electrical connector, and perform waveform superposition operation on the propagation delay and the time-domain compensation pulse sequence corresponding to each signal transmission node to generate a multi-channel compensation control signal.

[0044] A third aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising:

[0045] processor;

[0046] Memory used to store processor-executable instructions;

[0047] The processor is configured to invoke instructions stored in the memory to execute the aforementioned method.

[0048] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer program instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the aforementioned method.

[0049] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0050] The signal transmission optimization method for electrical connectors provided by this invention can accurately analyze the loss distribution characteristics of signals during transmission by acquiring real-time electrical characteristic parameters and transmission path topology information, identifying frequency inflection points and calculating loss coefficients, thus providing an accurate basis for subsequent compensation.

[0051] The frequency-selective compensation mapping rule and frequency division compensation strategy constructed in this invention, combined with the nonlinear adaptive adjustment of the dual-component correction factor, achieve accurate compensation for signal loss in different frequency ranges, effectively improving the integrity and transmission quality of high-speed signals.

[0052] The present invention generates multi-channel compensation control signals based on target compensation parameters, taking into account signal propagation delay and node position distribution, making the compensation process more in line with actual transmission conditions, and significantly improving the signal transmission performance and reliability of electrical connectors in complex working environments. Attached Figure Description

[0053] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the signal transmission optimization method for electrical connectors according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the construction process of the frequency selective compensation mapping frequency division strategy in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0055] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments.

[0057] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the signal transmission optimization method for electrical connectors according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0058] Acquire real-time electrical characteristic parameters and transmission path topology information of the electrical connector during signal transmission;

[0059] Based on the electrical characteristic parameters, frequency inflection points of amplitude attenuation gradient change and phase offset gradient change are identified, and frequency-related loss coefficients are calculated. These frequency-related loss coefficients are then mapped to a transmission path topology map constructed based on the transmission path topology information to obtain the loss characteristic distribution.

[0060] Based on the relationship between frequency components and amplitude attenuation in the loss characteristic distribution, a frequency-selective compensation mapping rule is constructed to map the loss characteristic distribution in different frequency ranges to the corresponding set of compensation gain coefficients, thereby obtaining a frequency division compensation strategy;

[0061] Based on the frequency division compensation strategy and the impedance matching state in the transmission path topology information, the dual-component correction factor at each transmission node is calculated in real time, and the compensation gain coefficient set is nonlinearly adaptively adjusted based on the dual-component correction factor to obtain the target compensation parameter;

[0062] Based on the target compensation parameters, the node position identifiers of each signal transmission node in the transmission path topology are extracted. The propagation delay is calculated in combination with the physical distribution position in the signal transmission channel of the electrical connector. The propagation delay is then superimposed with the time-domain compensation pulse sequence corresponding to each signal transmission node to generate a multi-channel compensation control signal.

[0063] In one optional implementation, frequency inflection points of amplitude attenuation gradient change and phase offset gradient change are identified based on the electrical characteristic parameters, and frequency-related loss coefficients are calculated. These frequency-related loss coefficients are then mapped to a transmission path topology map constructed based on the transmission path topology information to obtain a loss characteristic distribution including:

[0064] The electrical characteristic parameters are subjected to frequency domain transformation processing to extract the amplitude frequency response data and phase frequency response data of the electrical connector within a preset frequency range;

[0065] Based on the transmission path topology information, the connection relationships between signal transmission nodes and nodes inside the electrical connector are identified, and a transmission path topology map is constructed.

[0066] Based on the amplitude-frequency response data and the phase-frequency response data, frequency inflection points of amplitude attenuation gradient change and phase offset gradient change are identified, the preset frequency range is divided into multiple frequency sub-intervals, and frequency-related loss coefficients are calculated for each frequency sub-interval.

[0067] The frequency-related loss coefficients corresponding to each frequency sub-interval are mapped to each signal transmission node in the transmission path topology, establishing a three-dimensional correlation between the frequency sub-intervals, the frequency-related loss coefficients, and the signal transmission nodes, thereby obtaining the loss characteristic distribution;

[0068] Based on the loss characteristic distribution, the difference in loss coefficients between adjacent signal transmission nodes within the same frequency sub-interval is calculated, and the frequency inflection point is corrected according to the difference in loss coefficients, thereby updating the loss characteristic distribution.

[0069] The electrical connector signal transmission optimization system processes the acquired electrical characteristic parameters through a frequency domain transformation module. This module uses a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm to convert the time-domain signal into frequency-domain information. The system is set with a preset frequency range of 10MHz to 10GHz, and the sampling frequency is set to 20GHz to meet the Nyquist theorem requirements. The frequency domain transformation module's input interface receives time-domain sequences of electrical parameters such as voltage, current, and impedance from the electrical connector. Each parameter sequence is set to a length of 4096 sampling points, and the data format is 32-bit floating-point numbers. During the transformation process, the system applies a Hanning window weighting to the input signal to reduce spectral leakage; the window function length is consistent with the number of sampling points.

[0070] The amplitude-frequency response data extraction module calculates the amplitude spectrum of the frequency domain signal, obtaining the amplitude value at each frequency point by operating on the modulus of the transformed complex sequence. The phase-frequency response data extraction module calculates the phase spectrum of the frequency domain signal, obtaining the phase value at each frequency point by calculating the phase angle of the complex sequence using the arctangent function. The frequency resolution of the two response data is set to 976.56 kHz, corresponding to a frequency interval of 4096 sampling points at a sampling frequency of 20 GHz. The system performs a logarithmic transformation on the amplitude-frequency response data, converting the linear amplitude values ​​into decibel representations for easier identification of subsequent gradient changes. The phase-frequency response data undergoes phase expansion processing to eliminate the influence of phase jumps on gradient calculation.

[0071] The transmission path topology map construction module identifies the internal structure of the electrical connector based on the transmission path topology information. This module maintains a signal transmission node database, with each node containing attribute fields such as node identifier, physical coordinates, and electrical characteristics. Connections between nodes are represented by an adjacency matrix, where matrix element values ​​represent the connection strength or impedance value between nodes. During topology map construction, the system automatically identifies the signal transmission path based on the physical layout information of the electrical connector, including nodes corresponding to structural units such as conductors, insulation layers, and shielding layers. Each signal transmission node is assigned a unique node identifier, encoded using a 16-bit integer, supporting a topology network of up to 65,536 nodes.

[0072] The frequency inflection point identification module processes amplitude and phase response data using a gradient analysis algorithm to calculate the amplitude attenuation gradient. It then employs the central difference method to numerically differentiate the amplitude response curve, with the gradient calculation window length set to 5 frequency points. The phase offset gradient calculation uses the same central difference method to differentiate the phase response curve. Gradient change detection is achieved through second-order differentiation; a frequency inflection point is identified when the rate of gradient change exceeds a preset threshold. The amplitude attenuation gradient change threshold is set to 0.1 dB squared per MHz, and the phase offset gradient change threshold is set to 1 degree squared per MHz.

[0073] The frequency sub-interval division module divides a preset frequency range into multiple sub-intervals based on identified frequency inflection points, ensuring that the amplitude attenuation gradient and phase shift gradient changes within each sub-interval remain relatively stable. The boundary points of the sub-intervals are the locations of the frequency inflection points. When the number of inflection points is less than three, the system automatically inserts equally spaced dividing points to ensure at least four frequency sub-intervals are formed, with a minimum bandwidth of 100MHz for each sub-interval. Frequency sub-interval information is stored in an interval data structure, including fields such as start frequency, end frequency, and interval identifier.

[0074] The frequency-dependent loss coefficient calculation module processes each frequency sub-interval separately, selecting a number of sampling frequency points within each sub-interval. The number of sampling points is adaptively adjusted according to the sub-interval bandwidth, with a minimum of 10 sampling points. The loss coefficient calculation is based on the attenuation characteristics of the amplitude-frequency response data. A linear regression is used to fit the amplitude attenuation curve within the sub-interval, and the slope of the regression line is the frequency-dependent loss coefficient for that sub-interval. The system simultaneously calculates the phase loss coefficient, based on the linearity change of the phase-frequency response data, using the least squares method to fit the slope of the phase delay curve. Each frequency sub-interval corresponds to a pair of loss coefficients, including the amplitude loss coefficient and the phase loss coefficient, with numerical precision maintained to four decimal places.

[0075] The loss coefficient mapping module establishes a three-dimensional relationship between frequency sub-intervals, frequency-dependent loss coefficients, and signal transmission nodes. The system creates a loss coefficient matrix for each signal transmission node, where row indices correspond to frequency sub-intervals and column indices correspond to loss coefficient types. During mapping, the system assigns loss coefficient values ​​based on the node's position weight in the transmission path, allocating smaller loss coefficients to nodes closer to the signal source and larger loss coefficients to nodes farther away. The weighting uses an exponential decay function, with the attenuation constant determined based on the electrical characteristics of the transmission medium, typically set to 0.02 per millimeter.

[0076] The three-dimensional correlation is stored in a multi-dimensional array structure. The first dimension index is the frequency sub-interval identifier, the second dimension index is the signal transmission node identifier, and the third dimension index is the loss coefficient type. The array element value is the corresponding loss coefficient value, supporting fast query and update operations. The system maintains version information of the correlation, including metadata such as timestamps and modification markers, supporting historical tracing and rollback operations of loss feature distribution.

[0077] The loss coefficient difference calculation module compares the loss characteristics between adjacent signal transmission nodes. The system traverses all adjacent node pairs in the transmission path topology and identifies directly connected node relationships based on the adjacency matrix. For each pair of adjacent nodes, the system calculates the loss coefficient difference within the same frequency sub-interval, using Euclidean distance to measure the joint difference between amplitude and phase loss coefficients. The difference calculation formula uses a weighted average method, with the weight of amplitude loss coefficient difference set to 0.7 and the weight of phase loss coefficient difference set to 0.3.

[0078] The frequency inflection point correction module adjusts the original inflection point position based on the loss coefficient difference. When the loss coefficient difference between adjacent nodes exceeds a preset threshold, the system inserts a new inflection point in the corresponding frequency region. The threshold is set to a normalized difference value of 0.05. The correction process uses an iterative optimization algorithm, recalculating the loss coefficient difference and evaluating the rationality of the inflection point configuration in each iteration. The iteration terminates when the change in the inflection point position between two consecutive iterations is less than 10% of the frequency resolution, or when the maximum number of iterations reaches 20.

[0079] The loss feature distribution update module reconstructs the three-dimensional correlation based on the corrected frequency inflection points. The system clears the original loss coefficient mapping data and re-executes the frequency sub-interval division, loss coefficient calculation, and mapping operations. During the update process, the system maintains the signal transmission node topology unchanged, only adjusting the frequency dimension segmentation and loss coefficient allocation. After the update is complete, the system generates an integrity check code for the loss feature distribution and calculates the hash value of the three-dimensional correlation data based on the CRC32 algorithm to ensure data consistency and integrity.

[0080] In a specific implementation case, a certain type of RF connector contains eight main signal transmission nodes, operating in a frequency band from 100MHz to 6GHz. After the system collects electrical characteristic parameters, the frequency domain transformation module extracts amplitude-frequency response data at 6000 frequency points, with an amplitude range of -60dB to 0dB, and a phase range of -180 degrees to 180 degrees for the phase-frequency response data. The frequency inflection point identification module detects five significant inflection points, located at 500MHz, 1.2GHz, 2.8GHz, 4.5GHz, and 5.7GHz, respectively.

[0081] Based on these inflection points, the frequency band is divided into 6 frequency sub-intervals. The frequency-related loss coefficient of each sub-interval is calculated through linear fitting, with a value range of 0.001 dB per MHz to 0.008 dB per MHz. After the loss coefficients are mapped to 8 signal transmission nodes, a 6x8x2 three-dimensional correlation matrix is ​​formed, containing a total of 96 loss coefficient values. The calculation of the difference in loss coefficients between adjacent nodes shows that the difference between node 3 and node 4 in the 2.8 GHz band reaches 0.067, exceeding the preset threshold and triggering inflection point correction. After correction, the system inserts two new inflection points at 2.6 GHz and 3.0 GHz, further subdividing the original frequency sub-intervals. The final loss characteristic distribution includes 8 frequency sub-intervals and their corresponding loss coefficient mapping relationships.

[0082] In one optional implementation, the frequency-related loss coefficients corresponding to each frequency sub-interval are mapped to each signal transmission node in the transmission path topology, establishing a three-dimensional correlation between the frequency sub-intervals, the frequency-related loss coefficients, and the signal transmission nodes, resulting in a loss characteristic distribution including:

[0083] Each signal transmission node in the transmission path topology is uniquely identified and encoded, and the spatial coordinates of each signal transmission node in the transmission path topology are extracted.

[0084] For each of the aforementioned signal transmission nodes, all the aforementioned frequency sub-intervals are traversed, and the frequency-related loss coefficients corresponding to each of the aforementioned frequency sub-intervals are associated one by one with the unique identifier code of the corresponding signal transmission node, forming a node loss matrix with the signal transmission node as the index, the frequency sub-interval as the dimension, and the frequency-related loss coefficient as the value;

[0085] Based on the node loss matrix and the spatial coordinates of each signal transmission node, a three-dimensional relationship is established between the frequency sub-interval, the frequency-related loss coefficient, and the signal transmission node. This three-dimensional relationship includes the frequency sub-interval corresponding to the frequency dimension, the frequency-related loss coefficient corresponding to the loss dimension, and the spatial coordinates corresponding to the spatial dimension.

[0086] The loss feature distribution is formed by combining all the signal transmission nodes, frequency sub-intervals and frequency-related loss coefficients in the three-dimensional association relationship. The loss feature distribution includes the loss information and spatial location information of each signal transmission node in each frequency sub-interval.

[0087] Each signal transmission node in the transmission path topology is uniquely identified and encoded. For example, for a transmission path topology containing 20 signal transmission nodes, a unique identifier can be assigned to each node using an encoding method from N001 to N020. Simultaneously, the system extracts the spatial coordinates of each signal transmission node within the transmission path topology. These coordinates are typically represented as triples (x, y, z), where x, y, and z represent the node's position in three-dimensional space. For example, the spatial coordinates of node N001 are (12.5, 35.2, 0.0), the spatial coordinates of node N002 are (25.3, 35.2, 0.0), and so on. This coordinate information is crucial for subsequently establishing spatial dimensional relationships.

[0088] For each encoded signal transmission node, all predefined frequency sub-intervals are traversed. Assuming the frequency range is 10MHz to 1GHz, it is divided into 10 frequency sub-intervals: F1 (10MHz-110MHz), F2 (110MHz-210MHz), up to F10 (910MHz-1GHz). For each frequency sub-interval, the system associates the corresponding frequency-dependent loss coefficient with the unique identifier of the corresponding signal transmission node. For example, node N001 has a loss coefficient of 2.5dB in frequency sub-interval F1, a loss coefficient of 3.2dB in frequency sub-interval F2, and so on. In this way, the system forms a node loss matrix with signal transmission nodes as indices, frequency sub-intervals as dimensions, and frequency-dependent loss coefficients as values.

[0089] In practical implementation, this node loss matrix can be represented as a two-dimensional data structure, where rows represent different signal transmission nodes, columns represent different frequency sub-intervals, and matrix element values ​​represent the loss coefficient of the corresponding node in a specific frequency sub-interval. For example, for 20 nodes and 10 frequency sub-intervals, a 20×10 matrix will be formed. The element value (i, j) of this matrix represents the loss coefficient of node i in frequency sub-interval j.

[0090] Based on the constructed node loss matrix and the spatial coordinates of each signal transmission node, a three-dimensional correlation between frequency sub-intervals, frequency-dependent loss coefficients, and signal transmission nodes is established. This correlation includes three dimensions: the frequency sub-intervals corresponding to the frequency dimension, the frequency-dependent loss coefficients corresponding to the loss dimension, and the spatial coordinates corresponding to the spatial dimension.

[0091] In the implementation process, a multi-dimensional data structure is used to store this three-dimensional relationship. For each node, not only is its loss coefficient in each frequency sub-interval recorded, but also its spatial coordinates. For example, for node N001, the system records its loss coefficient in frequency sub-interval F1 as 2.5dB, and its spatial coordinates as (12.5, 35.2, 0.0); it records its loss coefficient in frequency sub-interval F2 as 3.2dB, while maintaining the same spatial coordinates, and so on.

[0092] To make this correlation more intuitive and easier to analyze, all signal transmission nodes, frequency sub-intervals, and frequency-related loss coefficients in the three-dimensional correlation are combined to form a complete loss characteristic distribution. Specifically, this loss characteristic distribution includes the loss information and spatial location information of each signal transmission node in each frequency sub-interval. For example, the loss characteristic distribution may contain data items similar to the following: the loss coefficient of node N001 in frequency sub-interval F1 (10MHz-110MHz) is 2.5dB, and the spatial location is (12.5, 35.2, 0.0); the loss coefficient of node N001 in frequency sub-interval F2 (110MHz-210MHz) is 3.2dB, and the spatial location is (12.5, 35.2, 0.0); the loss coefficient of node N002 in frequency sub-interval F1 is 2.8dB, and the spatial location is (25.3, 35.2, 0.0), and so on.

[0093] This loss characteristic distribution provides a comprehensive view, enabling the system to analyze the loss characteristics of nodes at different spatial locations within different frequency ranges. For example, by analyzing the loss characteristic distribution, it is possible to discover abnormally high losses in certain spatial regions within a specific frequency range, indicating potential signal interference or equipment malfunction.

[0094] The loss characteristic distribution constructed by the above methods provides an important basis for subsequent signal transmission optimization, fault diagnosis and network planning, enabling the system to take corresponding optimization measures for different frequency ranges and different spatial regions, thereby improving the overall signal transmission quality and system reliability.

[0095] In one optional implementation, based on the relationship between the frequency components and amplitude attenuation in the loss characteristic distribution, a frequency-selective compensation mapping rule is constructed to map the loss characteristic distribution in different frequency ranges to the corresponding compensation gain coefficient set, resulting in a frequency division compensation strategy including:

[0096] Analyze the numerical variation trend between the frequency component and the amplitude attenuation value, and establish a frequency-attenuation correlation function that characterizes the mapping relationship between the frequency component and the amplitude attenuation value;

[0097] Extract the amplitude attenuation value from the frequency-attenuation correlation function, calculate the compensation amplitude increment required to restore the amplitude attenuation value to a preset reference amplitude, convert the compensation amplitude increment into a corresponding compensation gain coefficient, and arrange all compensation gain coefficients in the frequency order of the frequency range to form a compensation gain coefficient set;

[0098] Establish a correspondence between the frequency range boundary of the frequency interval and the index of each compensation gain coefficient in the compensation gain coefficient set, forming a frequency selective compensation mapping rule. The lookup mapping from the input frequency to the corresponding compensation gain coefficient is realized through frequency range boundary determination.

[0099] Based on the index correspondence, the frequency range boundary of each frequency interval is mapped to the corresponding compensation gain coefficient in the compensation gain coefficient set, and the combination relationship between the frequency interval, the frequency range boundary and the compensation gain coefficient is encapsulated as a frequency division compensation strategy.

[0100] like Figure 2 As shown, the method includes:

[0101] The frequency-selective compensation system processes the relationship between frequency components and amplitude attenuation in the loss characteristic distribution through a numerical trend analysis module. This module receives an array of frequency components and a corresponding array of amplitude attenuation values ​​as input. The frequency component array contains the center frequency values ​​for each frequency interval, in Hertz (Hz), and is a 64-bit floating-point number. The amplitude attenuation value array records the attenuation intensity for each frequency component, in decibels (dB), ranging from -100 dB to 0 dB, with a precision of three decimal places. The analysis module uses a sliding window technique to calculate the numerical trend, with a window length of five consecutive frequency points and a sliding step of one frequency point, ensuring the continuity and smoothness of the trend analysis.

[0102] The frequency-attenuation correlation function establishment module constructs a mapping relationship between frequency components and amplitude attenuation values ​​using a polynomial fitting algorithm. The system employs a cubic polynomial as the basic fitting function, determining the polynomial coefficients using the least squares method, with a required correlation coefficient of at least 0.95. The domain of the correlation function covers the complete frequency component range, while its value range corresponds to the variation interval of the amplitude attenuation values. During the fitting process, the system identifies and processes outlier data points. When the deviation of an amplitude attenuation value from the fitted curve exceeds three times the root mean square error, the data point is marked as an outlier and given a lower weight in the fitting calculation. The correlation function parameters are stored in a function parameter structure, containing fields such as polynomial coefficients of each order, goodness-of-fit index, and effective frequency range.

[0103] The compensation amplitude increment calculation module determines the compensation requirement for each frequency point based on a preset reference amplitude, which is set to 0 dB, representing the signal amplitude under ideal lossless conditions. The system iterates through all sampling points of the frequency-attenuation correlation function, calculating the difference between the amplitude attenuation value at each frequency point and the preset reference amplitude; this difference is the compensation amplitude increment. The calculation precision of the compensation amplitude increment remains the same as the input amplitude attenuation value, both being three decimal places. When the amplitude attenuation value is negative, the compensation amplitude increment is positive, indicating that gain compensation is required; when the amplitude attenuation value is positive, the compensation amplitude increment is negative, indicating that attenuation processing is required.

[0104] The compensation gain coefficient conversion module converts the compensation amplitude increment into a linear domain gain coefficient. The conversion process employs an inverse logarithmic transform, converting the decibel-unit compensation amplitude increment into a linear ratio-represented compensation gain coefficient. During the conversion calculation, the system uses the base of the natural logarithm, 2.71828, as the conversion radix to ensure numerical accuracy and computational stability. The compensation gain coefficient ranges from 0.001 to 1000; when the calculation result exceeds this range, the system automatically performs boundary limit processing. The converted compensation gain coefficient maintains 6 decimal places of precision, supporting high-precision signal compensation control.

[0105] The compensation gain coefficient set construction module arranges all compensation gain coefficients according to the frequency order of the frequency range, maintains a frequency range index table, and records the start frequency, end frequency, and center frequency information of each frequency range. During the arrangement process, the system sorts the elements in the compensation gain coefficient set in ascending order based on the center frequency value of the frequency range to ensure that the order of elements in the compensation gain coefficient set is consistent with the frequency distribution. The compensation gain coefficient set is implemented using a dynamic array structure, supporting real-time insertion, deletion, and modification operations. Each element in the set contains attribute fields such as frequency range identifier, compensation gain coefficient value, and valid flag.

[0106] The index mapping module establishes a mapping relationship between frequency range boundaries and each compensation gain coefficient in the compensation gain coefficient set, creating an index mapping table. The table structure includes fields such as lower frequency boundary, upper frequency boundary, and compensation gain coefficient index. The precision of the frequency range boundaries is set to 1 kHz to ensure the accuracy of frequency range division. The index mapping table supports a binary search algorithm with a logarithmic time complexity, meeting real-time requirements. The mapping table is stored using a balanced binary tree structure, supporting efficient insertion, deletion, and query operations. Tree nodes contain key-value pair information and a balance factor.

[0107] The frequency-selective compensation mapping rule generation module implements a lookup mapping from the input frequency to the corresponding compensation gain coefficient through a frequency range boundary determination mechanism. Upon receiving the input frequency value, it first performs a frequency range validity check to confirm that the input frequency is within the frequency range supported by the system. The range determination uses a boundary comparison algorithm: when the input frequency is greater than or equal to the lower boundary of a frequency range and less than the upper boundary of that range, the input frequency is determined to belong to that frequency range. During the lookup process, the system prioritizes using an index mapping table for fast location; if the mapping table lookup fails, linear traversal is used as a backup lookup strategy.

[0108] The compensation gain coefficient lookup module retrieves the corresponding compensation gain coefficient from the compensation gain coefficient set based on a defined frequency range. It uses the frequency range identifier as the index key to directly access the target element in the compensation gain coefficient set. The lookup result includes the compensation gain coefficient value and related metadata, such as the coefficient calculation timestamp and confidence level. When the target value is not found, the system uses an interpolation mechanism to perform linear interpolation based on the compensation gain coefficients in adjacent frequency ranges. The confidence level of the interpolation result is marked as the estimated value.

[0109] The frequency division compensation strategy encapsulation module packages the combination relationship between frequency intervals, frequency range boundaries, and compensation gain coefficients into a unified data structure. This strategy data structure includes core fields such as strategy identifier, creation timestamp, frequency interval list, boundary mapping table, and gain coefficient set. During encapsulation, the system verifies data integrity to ensure that each frequency interval has corresponding frequency range boundaries and compensation gain coefficients. Strategy data is managed using a version control mechanism, supporting historical tracing and rollback operations. The encapsulated frequency division compensation strategy supports serialized storage and network transmission, using binary format to reduce storage space and transmission time.

[0110] In a specific implementation case, the loss characteristic distribution of a high-frequency transmission system includes 12 frequency intervals, covering a frequency range from 1 GHz to 12 GHz. The frequency component array processed by the numerical trend analysis module contains 12 center frequency values, namely 1.5 GHz, 2.5 GHz, 3.5 GHz up to 12.5 GHz, and the corresponding amplitude attenuation value array records are -2.1 dB, -4.3 dB, -6.8 dB, -9.5 dB, -12.4 dB, -15.7 dB, -19.2 dB, -23.1 dB, -27.3 dB, -31.8 dB, -36.7 dB, and -42.1 dB. The frequency-attenuation correlation function is obtained by fitting a cubic polynomial, with fitting coefficients of -0.00034, 0.0142, -0.236, and 2.15, and a goodness of fit of 0.987. The calculation results of the compensation amplitude increment show that each frequency point requires positive compensation of 2.1 dB to 42.1 dB, which, after being converted into compensation gain coefficient, ranges from 1.62 to 129.15.

[0111] The compensation gain coefficient set is arranged in frequency order, forming an ordered array of 12 elements. After the index correspondence is established, the frequency range boundary contains 24 boundary values, ranging from 1.0 GHz to 12.0 GHz. Each boundary corresponds to an index position in the compensation gain coefficient set. The frequency-selective compensation mapping rule supports fast lookup for any input frequency, with a lookup latency of less than 10 microseconds. After the frequency division compensation strategy is encapsulated, the data packet size is 2.3 kilobytes, containing complete frequency range definitions, boundary mapping relationships, and compensation gain coefficient information.

[0112] In one optional implementation, based on the frequency division compensation strategy and the impedance matching state in the transmission path topology information, a two-component correction factor is calculated in real time at each transmission node, and the compensation gain coefficient set is nonlinearly adaptively adjusted based on the two-component correction factor to obtain the target compensation parameters, including:

[0113] The impedance matching state includes the measured impedance value of each signal transmission node and the impedance difference value between adjacent signal transmission nodes;

[0114] For each signal transmission node, the compensation gain coefficient in the frequency division compensation strategy is extracted, the deviation ratio between the measured impedance value and the preset standard impedance value is calculated, and the normalized difference between the impedance difference between adjacent signal transmission nodes and the measured impedance value is calculated. Based on the deviation ratio and the normalized difference, a two-component correction factor containing an absolute deviation component and a relative gradient component is constructed.

[0115] The dual-component correction factor and the compensation gain coefficients in the compensation gain coefficient set are subjected to a nonlinear composite operation. The nonlinear composite operation includes exponentially ...

[0116] Obtain impedance matching status information, including the measured impedance value of each signal transmission node and the impedance difference between adjacent signal transmission nodes. For example, in a system with four transmission nodes, the measured impedance values ​​of each node can be obtained using an impedance measurement device as 45 ohms, 49 ohms, 52 ohms, and 47 ohms, respectively, with corresponding impedance differences between adjacent nodes of 4 ohms, 3 ohms, and 5 ohms.

[0117] The pre-defined frequency division compensation strategy is read from the storage device. This strategy contains a set of compensation gain coefficients for different frequency bands. Specifically, corresponding compensation gain coefficients are set for the low-frequency band (e.g., 20Hz-200Hz), mid-frequency band (e.g., 200Hz-2kHz), and high-frequency band (e.g., 2kHz-20kHz). For example, the compensation gain coefficient for the low-frequency band is 1.2, for the mid-frequency band it is 1.0, and for the high-frequency band it is 1.3.

[0118] For each signal transmission node, extract the corresponding compensation gain coefficient in the frequency division compensation strategy. For example, for the first transmission node, extract the low-frequency band gain coefficient of 1.2, the mid-frequency band gain coefficient of 1.0, and the high-frequency band gain coefficient of 1.3.

[0119] Calculate the deviation ratio between the measured impedance value of each node and the preset standard impedance value (e.g., 50 ohms). For the first transmission node, the measured impedance value is 45 ohms, and the standard impedance value is 50 ohms, so the deviation ratio is (50-45) / 50=0.1. Similarly, calculate the deviation ratios for the other nodes, which are 0.02, -0.04, and 0.06, respectively.

[0120] Calculate the normalized difference between the impedance difference and the measured impedance between adjacent signal transmission nodes. For the first transmission node, the impedance difference is 4 ohms, and the measured impedance is 45 ohms, so the normalized difference is 4 / 45 = 0.089. Similarly, calculate the normalized difference for the other nodes, which are 0.061, 0.096, and 0.106, respectively.

[0121] Based on the calculated deviation ratio and normalized difference, a two-component correction factor is constructed, comprising an absolute deviation component and a relative gradient component. The absolute deviation component directly uses the deviation ratio value, while the relative gradient component uses the normalized difference. For the first transmission node, the two-component correction factor includes an absolute deviation component of 0.1 and a relative gradient component of 0.089.

[0122] The two-component correction factor and each compensation gain coefficient in the compensation gain coefficient set are subjected to a nonlinear composite operation. This nonlinear composite operation includes exponentially powering the compensation gain coefficient and each component of the two-component correction factor, followed by multiplication. Specifically, for the low-frequency band of the first transmission node, the calculation process is as follows: the compensation gain coefficient 1.2 is exponentially powered with the absolute deviation component 0.1 to obtain 1.2 to the power of 0.1, approximately 1.018; the compensation gain coefficient 1.2 is exponentially powered with the relative gradient component 0.089 to obtain 1.2 to the power of 0.089, approximately 1.016; then these two results are multiplied to obtain 1.018 × 1.016 = 1.035; finally, this result is multiplied by the original compensation gain coefficient 1.2 to obtain the target compensation parameter 1.2 × 1.035 = 1.242.

[0123] The same calculation process is performed on other frequency bands and other transmission nodes. For example, for the mid-frequency band of the first transmission node, the original compensation gain coefficient is 1.0, and after similar calculation, the target compensation parameter is 1.034; for the high-frequency band, the original compensation gain coefficient is 1.3, and the target compensation parameter is 1.346.

[0124] This nonlinear adaptive adjustment method fully considers the impedance characteristics and their changing trends at each node along the signal transmission path, enabling more precise compensation for signal losses during transmission. The system applies the calculated target compensation parameters to the signal processing module to adjust the signal in real time, ensuring good signal quality and stability throughout the entire transmission path.

[0125] Practice has proven that this method significantly improves signal transmission quality, reducing signal distortion by 35% and increasing the signal-to-noise ratio by 4.2 dB in the test environment. Particularly in complex multi-node transmission networks, the adaptive characteristics of this method can cope with the effects of dynamic impedance changes, giving the system greater robustness and stability.

[0126] This method can be widely applied to various scenarios such as audio transmission systems, video transmission networks, and data communication systems, and is especially suitable for professional audio and video engineering and high-fidelity data transmission systems with high signal quality requirements. By reasonably setting the frequency division compensation strategy and precisely controlling the nonlinear adjustment process, the system can be optimized for different application scenarios to achieve the best signal transmission effect.

[0127] In one optional implementation, the node position identifiers of each signal transmission node in the transmission path topology are extracted based on the target compensation parameters. The propagation delay is calculated by combining the physical distribution positions in the signal transmission channels of the electrical connector. The propagation delay is then superimposed with the time-domain compensation pulse sequences corresponding to each signal transmission node to generate a multi-channel compensation control signal, including:

[0128] The target compensation parameters are analyzed to extract the node position identifiers of each signal transmission node in the transmission path topology map;

[0129] Based on the node location identifier, the physical distribution position of each signal transmission node in the signal transmission channel of the electrical connector is determined, the transmission path length between adjacent signal transmission nodes is calculated, and the propagation delay between adjacent signal transmission nodes is calculated based on the transmission path length and the signal propagation speed.

[0130] The time-domain compensation pulse sequence corresponding to each signal transmission node is associated with the propagation delay to generate a spatial distribution compensation sequence containing delay information;

[0131] The time-domain compensation pulse sequence in the spatial distribution compensation sequence is time-aligned with the propagation delay. Waveform superposition is performed on the multiple time-domain compensation pulse sequences after time alignment. The waveform superposition operation offsets the time axis of each time-domain compensation pulse sequence according to the propagation delay and then accumulates the amplitude to generate multiple compensation control signals. The compensation control signals are applied to the signal transmission channel of the electrical connector.

[0132] The multi-channel compensation control signal generation system processes the input target compensation parameter data structure through a target compensation parameter parsing module. This module receives a composite data structure containing compensation parameter information. The data structure uses a nested dictionary format, with the primary key being a unique identifier for the signal transmission node, and subkeys containing fields such as compensation gain value, phase adjustment amount, and frequency response parameters. The parsing module traverses all key-value pairs in the data structure, extracting the node position identifier corresponding to each signal transmission node. The node position identifier uses a 32-bit integer encoding, with the high 16 bits representing the topology level and the low 16 bits representing the sequence number within the level. During parsing, the system verifies the validity of the node position identifier, checking whether the identifier is within the predefined range of node identifiers. The valid range is set to 0x00010001 to 0x001FFFFF; identifiers outside this range trigger an exception handling mechanism.

[0133] After the node location identifiers are extracted, the physical distribution location determination module establishes a mapping relationship between node identifiers and physical coordinates based on the transmission path topology map. The system maintains a node physical location database, recording the precise coordinates of each signal transmission node in the three-dimensional space of the electrical connector. The coordinate system uses a Cartesian coordinate system with millimeter-level precision, with the origin set at the center of the connector's mechanical reference surface. The physical distribution location includes three coordinate components: X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis, with a value range of -50 mm to +50 mm, and precision maintained to two decimal places. During the determination process, the system uses the node location identifier as an index key to query the corresponding three-dimensional coordinate information from the physical location database. The query results include coordinate values ​​and location confidence markers.

[0134] The transmission path length calculation module handles the spatial distance measurement between adjacent signal transmission nodes, identifies the relationships between adjacent nodes in the transmission path topology graph, and traverses all directly connected node pairs based on the adjacency list data structure. The spatial distance calculation employs a three-dimensional Euclidean distance algorithm to calculate the straight-line distance between the three-dimensional coordinates of two nodes. The system considers the actual routing of the signal transmission path and introduces a path correction coefficient to adjust the straight-line distance. The correction coefficient is set according to the transmission medium type: 1.0 for air and 1.1 to 1.8 for dielectric materials. The corrected transmission path length maintains millimeter-level accuracy, and the calculation results are stored in a path length matrix, with the matrix index corresponding to the node identifier.

[0135] The propagation delay calculation module determines the delay parameters between adjacent nodes based on the transmission path length and the signal propagation speed. The signal propagation speed is determined according to the electromagnetic properties of the transmission medium; the propagation speed in air is set to 299,792,458 meters per second, and the propagation speed in dielectric materials is calculated based on the relative permittivity. The system divides the transmission path length by the corresponding signal propagation speed to obtain the propagation delay, maintaining a calculation accuracy at the picosecond level, with delay values ​​ranging from 0.1 picoseconds to 1000 picoseconds. During the calculation, the system applies a minimum delay constraint for extremely short transmission paths, setting the minimum propagation delay to 0.1 picoseconds to avoid division by zero errors in numerical calculations. The propagation delay data is stored in a delay lookup table, supporting fast node-to-node delay lookup operations.

[0136] The time-domain compensated pulse sequence association module binds the compensated pulse data of each signal transmission node to its corresponding propagation delay. Each signal transmission node corresponds to a time-domain compensated pulse sequence, which contains 1024 sampling points at a sampling frequency of 10 GHz and a sequence duration of 102.4 nanoseconds. The compensated pulse sequence is stored in 16-bit signed integer format, with an amplitude range of -32768 to +32767, corresponding to an actual signal amplitude of -1 volt to +1 volt. During the association process, the system attaches a delay tag to each pulse sequence, containing information such as the propagation delay value, source node identifier, and target node identifier. The association data structure is organized in a linked list format, supporting dynamic insertion and deletion operations. Each linked list node contains a pulse sequence pointer and a delay parameter.

[0137] The spatial distribution compensation sequence generation module creates a comprehensive compensation data structure containing time delay information. It traverses all associated time-domain compensation pulse sequences and arranges them according to the spatial distribution order of signal transmission nodes in the topology graph. The spatial distribution compensation sequence adopts a multi-dimensional array structure, with dimensions including node index, time sampling point index, and time delay offset index. Each element in the sequence contains attributes such as the original pulse amplitude value, time delay adjustment amount, and node weight coefficient. During the generation process, the system specially marks spatially adjacent but electrically non-adjacent nodes to avoid signal interference during subsequent superposition.

[0138] The timing alignment module unifies the time base for multiple time-domain compensated pulse sequences, establishing a global time axis as the alignment reference. The time axis resolution is set to 0.1 picoseconds, and its total length covers twice the maximum propagation delay between all nodes. During alignment, the system calculates the offset of the starting position of each pulse sequence on the global time axis based on its propagation delay value. The time axis offset is represented by integer sampling point indices, with offset precision matching the sampling frequency. The aligned pulse sequences retain the original number of sampling points and amplitude information, adjusting only their positional distribution on the global time axis. The system maintains a timing alignment status table, recording the alignment status and offset parameters of each pulse sequence.

[0139] The waveform superposition module performs numerical synthesis of multiple time-domain compensated pulse sequences after timing alignment, creating an output signal buffer. The buffer length is equal to the total number of sampling points on the global time axis, and the initial value is set to zero. The superposition operation uses a point-by-point accumulation algorithm, traversing each aligned pulse sequence and accumulating the amplitude values ​​in the sequence to the corresponding time position in the output buffer. During the accumulation process, the system applies weight coefficients to the signal transmission nodes to adjust the relative strength of the contributions of different nodes. The weight coefficients are determined according to the importance of the node in the transmission path, with the weight of critical nodes set to 1.0 and the weight of secondary nodes ranging from 0.1 to 0.8.

[0140] Before amplitude accumulation, the time axis offset processing module precisely adjusts the time position of each time-domain compensated pulse sequence. Based on the calculated propagation delay value, it determines the insertion position of each pulse sequence on the global time axis. The offset calculation uses high-precision floating-point arithmetic to convert picosecond-level delay values ​​into decimal representations of sampling point indices. When the offset is not an integer sampling point, the system uses a linear interpolation algorithm for sub-sampling-point-level time adjustment. The interpolation process performs linear fitting between adjacent sampling points to maintain the continuity and smoothness of the signal waveform. After offset processing, the system verifies the time alignment accuracy of all pulse sequences to ensure that the time error does not exceed 0.05 picoseconds.

[0141] The multi-channel compensation control signal output module converts the superposition result into a control signal format suitable for the electrical connector's signal transmission channels. The output signal employs a multi-channel parallel structure, with the number of channels matching the number of signal transmission channels in the electrical connector; typical configurations are 4 or 8 channels. Each output channel corresponds to a specific frequency component or spatial region of the superposition result, and signal separation is achieved through filtering and frequency conversion. The amplitude range of the output signal is adjusted to meet the input requirements of the electrical connector's drive circuit, with a standard amplitude range of -5V to +5V, and the output impedance matches a 50-ohm transmission line standard.

[0142] The signal application module connects the generated multi-channel compensation control signals to the signal transmission channel of the electrical connector via a dedicated interface. The interface circuit employs differential signal transmission, providing excellent common-mode noise suppression. Signal application utilizes a real-time control mode; the system monitors the electrical connector's operating status and dynamically adjusts the amplitude and phase of the compensation control signals based on signal transmission quality feedback. During application, the system records parameters such as the application timestamp, amplitude distribution, and frequency components of the control signals for subsequent effect evaluation and optimization.

[0143] A second aspect of the present invention provides an electrical connector signal transmission optimization system, comprising:

[0144] The first unit is used to acquire real-time electrical characteristic parameters and transmission path topology information of the electrical connector during signal transmission;

[0145] The second unit is used to identify frequency inflection points of amplitude attenuation gradient change and phase offset gradient change based on the electrical characteristic parameters and calculate frequency-related loss coefficients. The frequency-related loss coefficients are then mapped to a transmission path topology map constructed based on the transmission path topology information to obtain the loss characteristic distribution.

[0146] The third unit is used to construct a frequency-selective compensation mapping rule based on the relationship between the frequency components and amplitude attenuation in the loss characteristic distribution, and to map the loss characteristic distribution in different frequency ranges to the corresponding set of compensation gain coefficients to obtain a frequency division compensation strategy;

[0147] The fourth unit is used to calculate the dual-component correction factor at each transmission node in real time based on the frequency division compensation strategy and the impedance matching state in the transmission path topology information, and to perform nonlinear adaptive adjustment on the compensation gain coefficient set based on the dual-component correction factor to obtain the target compensation parameter;

[0148] The fifth unit is used to extract the node position identifier of each signal transmission node in the transmission path topology based on the target compensation parameters, calculate the propagation delay in combination with the physical distribution position in the signal transmission channel of the electrical connector, and perform waveform superposition operation on the propagation delay and the time-domain compensation pulse sequence corresponding to each signal transmission node to generate a multi-channel compensation control signal.

[0149] A third aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising:

[0150] processor;

[0151] Memory used to store processor-executable instructions;

[0152] The processor is configured to invoke instructions stored in the memory to execute the aforementioned method.

[0153] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer program instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the aforementioned method.

[0154] This invention can be a method, apparatus, system, and / or computer program product. The computer program product may include a computer-readable storage medium having computer-readable program instructions loaded thereon for performing various aspects of the invention.

[0155] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing signal transmission in electrical connectors, characterized in that, include: Acquire real-time electrical characteristic parameters and transmission path topology information of the electrical connector during signal transmission; Based on the electrical characteristic parameters, frequency inflection points of amplitude attenuation gradient change and phase offset gradient change are identified, and frequency-related loss coefficients are calculated. These frequency-related loss coefficients are then mapped to a transmission path topology map constructed based on the transmission path topology information to obtain the loss characteristic distribution. Based on the relationship between frequency components and amplitude attenuation in the loss characteristic distribution, a frequency-selective compensation mapping rule is constructed to map the loss characteristic distribution in different frequency ranges to the corresponding set of compensation gain coefficients, thereby obtaining a frequency division compensation strategy; Based on the frequency division compensation strategy and the impedance matching state in the transmission path topology information, the dual-component correction factor at each transmission node is calculated in real time, and the compensation gain coefficient set is nonlinearly adaptively adjusted based on the dual-component correction factor to obtain the target compensation parameters, including: The impedance matching state includes the measured impedance value of each signal transmission node and the impedance difference value between adjacent signal transmission nodes; For each signal transmission node, the compensation gain coefficient in the frequency division compensation strategy is extracted, the deviation ratio between the measured impedance value and the preset standard impedance value is calculated, and the normalized difference between the impedance difference between adjacent signal transmission nodes and the measured impedance value is calculated. Based on the deviation ratio and the normalized difference, a two-component correction factor containing an absolute deviation component and a relative gradient component is constructed. The dual-component correction factor is combined with the compensation gain coefficients in the compensation gain coefficient set using a nonlinear composite operation. The nonlinear composite operation includes exponentially combining the compensation gain coefficients with the dual-component correction factor and then multiplying them to obtain the target compensation parameter. Based on the target compensation parameters, the node position identifiers of each signal transmission node in the transmission path topology are extracted. The propagation delay is calculated in combination with the physical distribution position in the signal transmission channel of the electrical connector. The propagation delay is then superimposed with the time-domain compensation pulse sequence corresponding to each signal transmission node to generate a multi-channel compensation control signal.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the electrical characteristic parameters, frequency inflection points of amplitude attenuation gradient changes and phase offset gradient changes are identified, and frequency-related loss coefficients are calculated. These frequency-related loss coefficients are then mapped to a transmission path topology map constructed based on the transmission path topology information, resulting in a loss characteristic distribution including: The electrical characteristic parameters are subjected to frequency domain transformation processing to extract the amplitude frequency response data and phase frequency response data of the electrical connector within a preset frequency range; Based on the transmission path topology information, the connection relationships between signal transmission nodes and nodes inside the electrical connector are identified, and a transmission path topology map is constructed. Based on the amplitude-frequency response data and the phase-frequency response data, frequency inflection points of amplitude attenuation gradient change and phase offset gradient change are identified, the preset frequency range is divided into multiple frequency sub-intervals, and frequency-related loss coefficients are calculated for each frequency sub-interval. The frequency-related loss coefficients corresponding to each frequency sub-interval are mapped to each signal transmission node in the transmission path topology, establishing a three-dimensional correlation between the frequency sub-intervals, the frequency-related loss coefficients, and the signal transmission nodes, thereby obtaining the loss characteristic distribution; Based on the loss characteristic distribution, the difference in loss coefficients between adjacent signal transmission nodes within the same frequency sub-interval is calculated, and the frequency inflection point is corrected according to the difference in loss coefficients, thereby updating the loss characteristic distribution.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Mapping the frequency-related loss coefficients corresponding to each frequency sub-interval to each signal transmission node in the transmission path topology, establishing a three-dimensional correlation between the frequency sub-intervals, the frequency-related loss coefficients, and the signal transmission nodes, yields the loss characteristic distribution including: Each signal transmission node in the transmission path topology is uniquely identified and encoded, and the spatial coordinates of each signal transmission node in the transmission path topology are extracted. For each of the aforementioned signal transmission nodes, all the aforementioned frequency sub-intervals are traversed, and the frequency-related loss coefficients corresponding to each of the aforementioned frequency sub-intervals are associated one by one with the unique identifier code of the corresponding signal transmission node, forming a node loss matrix with the signal transmission node as the index, the frequency sub-interval as the dimension, and the frequency-related loss coefficient as the value; Based on the node loss matrix and the spatial coordinates of each signal transmission node, a three-dimensional relationship is established between the frequency sub-interval, the frequency-related loss coefficient, and the signal transmission node. This three-dimensional relationship includes the frequency sub-interval corresponding to the frequency dimension, the frequency-related loss coefficient corresponding to the loss dimension, and the spatial coordinates corresponding to the spatial dimension. The loss feature distribution is formed by combining all the signal transmission nodes, frequency sub-intervals and frequency-related loss coefficients in the three-dimensional association relationship. The loss feature distribution includes the loss information and spatial location information of each signal transmission node in each frequency sub-interval.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the relationship between frequency components and amplitude attenuation in the loss characteristic distribution, a frequency-selective compensation mapping rule is constructed to map the loss characteristic distribution in different frequency ranges to the corresponding compensation gain coefficient set, resulting in a frequency division compensation strategy including: Analyze the numerical variation trend between the frequency component and the amplitude attenuation value, and establish a frequency-attenuation correlation function that characterizes the mapping relationship between the frequency component and the amplitude attenuation value; Extract the amplitude attenuation value from the frequency-attenuation correlation function, calculate the compensation amplitude increment required to restore the amplitude attenuation value to a preset reference amplitude, convert the compensation amplitude increment into a corresponding compensation gain coefficient, and arrange all compensation gain coefficients in the frequency order of the frequency range to form a compensation gain coefficient set; Establish a correspondence between the frequency range boundary of the frequency interval and the index of each compensation gain coefficient in the compensation gain coefficient set, forming a frequency selective compensation mapping rule. The lookup mapping from the input frequency to the corresponding compensation gain coefficient is realized through frequency range boundary determination. Based on the index correspondence, the frequency range boundary of each frequency interval is mapped to the corresponding compensation gain coefficient in the compensation gain coefficient set, and the combination relationship between the frequency interval, the frequency range boundary and the compensation gain coefficient is encapsulated as a frequency division compensation strategy.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the target compensation parameters, extract the node position identifiers of each signal transmission node in the transmission path topology map, calculate the propagation delay by combining the physical distribution positions in the signal transmission channel of the electrical connector, and perform waveform superposition operation on the propagation delay and the time-domain compensation pulse sequence corresponding to each signal transmission node to generate multi-channel compensation control signals, including: The target compensation parameters are analyzed to extract the node position identifiers of each signal transmission node in the transmission path topology map; Based on the node location identifier, the physical distribution position of each signal transmission node in the signal transmission channel of the electrical connector is determined, the transmission path length between adjacent signal transmission nodes is calculated, and the propagation delay between adjacent signal transmission nodes is calculated based on the transmission path length and the signal propagation speed. The time-domain compensation pulse sequence corresponding to each signal transmission node is associated with the propagation delay to generate a spatial distribution compensation sequence containing delay information; The time-domain compensation pulse sequence in the spatial distribution compensation sequence is time-aligned with the propagation delay. Waveform superposition is performed on the multiple time-domain compensation pulse sequences after time alignment. The waveform superposition operation offsets the time axis of each time-domain compensation pulse sequence according to the propagation delay and then accumulates the amplitude to generate multiple compensation control signals. The compensation control signals are applied to the signal transmission channel of the electrical connector.

6. An electrical connector signal transmission optimization system for implementing the method as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, include: The first unit is used to acquire real-time electrical characteristic parameters and transmission path topology information of the electrical connector during signal transmission; The second unit is used to identify frequency inflection points of amplitude attenuation gradient change and phase offset gradient change based on the electrical characteristic parameters and calculate frequency-related loss coefficients. The frequency-related loss coefficients are then mapped to a transmission path topology map constructed based on the transmission path topology information to obtain the loss characteristic distribution. The third unit is used to construct a frequency-selective compensation mapping rule based on the relationship between the frequency components and amplitude attenuation in the loss characteristic distribution, and to map the loss characteristic distribution in different frequency ranges to the corresponding set of compensation gain coefficients to obtain a frequency division compensation strategy; The fourth unit is used to calculate the dual-component correction factor at each transmission node in real time based on the frequency division compensation strategy and the impedance matching state in the transmission path topology information, and to perform nonlinear adaptive adjustment on the compensation gain coefficient set based on the dual-component correction factor to obtain the target compensation parameter; The fifth unit is used to extract the node position identifier of each signal transmission node in the transmission path topology based on the target compensation parameters, calculate the propagation delay in combination with the physical distribution position in the signal transmission channel of the electrical connector, and perform waveform superposition operation on the propagation delay and the time-domain compensation pulse sequence corresponding to each signal transmission node to generate a multi-channel compensation control signal.

7. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: processor; Memory used to store processor-executable instructions; The processor is configured to invoke instructions stored in the memory to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. A computer-readable storage medium having computer program instructions stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, they implement the method described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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