Online data monitoring method for large number of battery PACK packets

Abstract

The invention provides an online data monitoring method for a large number of battery PACK packages, and belongs to the technical field of power batteries. The method comprises the following steps: a data acquisition client is connected with a battery PACK packet and then adapts to a CAN communication protocol, monitors the battery PACK packet and power supply battery BMS data, binds the monitoring data with equipment information and uploads the monitoring data to a mobile server through a wireless network; the mobile server builds a database to store historical data and is synchronized with the terminal server, the router serves as a transmission medium to improve the signal range and the communication stability, and the super-network technology is adopted to improve the capacity of connectable equipment. According to the invention, a large number of battery PACK pack and power supply battery data can be remotely collected, the cost of monitoring the state of the battery PACK pack in the transportation and storage process is optimized, the power supply battery can be monitored in real time, the state abnormity can be quickly detected and alarmed, and the safety is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power battery technology, specifically to an online data monitoring method for a large number of battery packs, with the aim of achieving efficient and accurate real-time data acquisition for a large number of battery packs. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of new energy vehicles, the battery pack, as a core energy storage component, stores electrical energy that is a key energy source for driving the vehicle. This battery pack typically consists of several individual battery cells, primarily lithium-ion batteries, but also including other types of batteries.

[0003] In practical applications, the operational status of battery packs is affected by various factors, primarily including ambient temperature, external impacts, and short circuits in data acquisition lines. Specifically, the rapid rise in ambient temperature during summer can directly induce thermal runaway in battery packs. Simultaneously, traditional battery information monitoring methods rely on wired data transmission, which can easily lead to chaotic wiring layouts when battery pack storage density is high, becoming a potential risk factor for battery pack damage. Furthermore, warehouse storage or truck transportation often involves the centralized management of large numbers of battery packs. In such cases, servers need to monitor data from multiple battery packs simultaneously, which undoubtedly consumes considerable time and reduces monitoring efficiency.

[0004] Chinese invention patent document CN118200351A (published on June 14, 2024) discloses a technical solution entitled "A Remote Data Acquisition System, Device, Equipment and Medium for Battery Packs," which proposes a system for remotely acquiring battery pack data. Although this system achieves remote battery data acquisition, it has significant limitations: its operation relies on the battery pack and server establishing a connection through barcode scanning, resulting in cumbersome usage and failing to meet the need for simultaneous monitoring of a large number of battery packs; furthermore, the system does not monitor the operation information of its own power supply, making it prone to sudden power outages in actual use, affecting the stability of monitoring.

[0005] In battery pack data transmission, the number of battery packs that a server can monitor at a time directly affects the time cost control and security assurance effectiveness of the monitoring work. Currently, research on wireless transmission of battery pack data still faces the following technical challenges:

[0006] 1. Binding and connection issues: The data acquisition client needs to be manually bound to the battery PACK. If the device is not bound, it is difficult to find the source of the problem in time, which poses a security risk. The aforementioned patented system requires scanning codes to bind one by one, which is cumbersome, time-consuming and labor-intensive for a large number of devices.

[0007] 2. Protocol compatibility issues: There are many battery pack models and different communication protocols in the industry, requiring corresponding data acquisition devices; the aforementioned patented system only supports the standard CAN protocol and is not compatible with the efficient and secure CANFD protocol, resulting in poor device versatility and heavy operational and cost burdens.

[0008] 3. Communication transmission issues: The signal strength of the data acquisition client is limited by the scene (such as walls or long distances), and weak Wi-Fi signals lead to slow transmission and data loss, affecting the integrity of monitoring.

[0009] 4. Monitoring scale issue: In traditional wireless monitoring solutions, the server can monitor a maximum of 254 battery packs at a time, which cannot meet the needs of large-scale centralized monitoring in scenarios such as production workshops.

[0010] When multiple data acquisition clients transmit data, the binding of information for each client must be done manually. If an unbound battery pack malfunctions and triggers an alarm, the system cannot issue an alarm signal in a timely manner, posing a significant safety hazard. The system mentioned in the aforementioned invention patent also has a similar problem—each connection establishment requires binding the information of a single data acquisition client by scanning a code. If data from a large number of battery packs needs to be read, each data acquisition client must be scanned and bound to its corresponding battery pack one by one, which is not only cumbersome but also consumes a significant amount of time and manpower.

[0011] Currently, the industry uses a variety of battery pack models, each supporting different communication protocols. To effectively monitor these different battery pack models, multiple corresponding data acquisition devices are typically required. However, the technology described in the aforementioned patent only supports standard CAN protocol communication and cannot achieve the more efficient and secure CANFD protocol communication at the hardware level. This results in the need to match corresponding data acquisition devices to battery packs with different communication protocols in practical applications. The system lacks adaptability to different protocol versions, leading to cumbersome operation procedures and poor versatility of the data acquisition devices, further increasing manpower and time costs.

[0012] The signal strength of the data acquisition client limits the communication effect, making its communication process with the server restricted by the actual scenario. For example, when there is a wall between the data acquisition client and the server, or when the transmission distance between them is long, the Wi-Fi signal will be significantly weakened, resulting in a decrease in communication transmission speed and ultimately causing data loss, affecting the integrity of data monitoring.

[0013] Server monitoring capabilities are limited by the number of battery packs. In scenarios such as battery pack production workshops, it is often necessary to monitor data from a large number of battery packs simultaneously. However, in traditional wireless monitoring solutions, the number of battery packs that a server can monitor at a time is usually no more than 254, which is insufficient to meet the actual needs of large-scale centralized monitoring. Summary of the Invention

[0014] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is the problem existing in the prior art. This invention provides an online data monitoring method for a large number of battery packs, which can simultaneously collect data from N≥1000 battery packs, thereby achieving efficient transmission. Furthermore, during information transmission, a router is added as a transmission intermediary. When the distance between the data collection client and the server is far or there are walls in between, the communication signal can be increased, ensuring communication stability.

[0015] The objective of this invention is achieved as follows: This invention provides an online data monitoring method for a large number of battery packs, used to monitor the BMS data of N battery packs and their power supply batteries in real time via a wireless network; the monitoring system involved in this monitoring method includes N data acquisition clients connected one-to-one with the N battery packs, multiple parallel routers forming a wireless network, multiple mobile servers connected to the N data acquisition clients via a wireless network, and a terminal server connected and synchronized with the multiple mobile servers via a wireless network; each data acquisition client contains a power supply battery; and each mobile server establishes a database;

[0016] The monitoring method includes the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: Expand the router according to the number of battery packs to be monitored; store user account information, setting parameters and setting policies, monitoring data, and device information in the database of the mobile server; store device information and alarm thresholds in the data acquisition client; the user account information includes the user's account and key;

[0018] Step 2: Start the mobile server and connect to the wireless network. After logging in to the mobile server's login interface by entering your user account and key, you will enter the monitoring display interface. Wait for the data acquisition client to request a connection and upload monitoring data.

[0019] Step 3: Start the data acquisition client. The data acquisition client establishes a connection with the router and then sends a connection request frame to the mobile server through the router to request a connection. After the mobile server verifies the connection and replies with a response frame, the data acquisition client establishes a TCP connection with the mobile server.

[0020] Step 4: The data acquisition client establishes a connection with the battery pack. Specifically, when the data acquisition client connects to a new battery pack for the first time, the data acquisition client alternately uses multiple CAN communication protocols to query the version number of the battery pack and match its CAN communication protocol; if the match is successful, the connection is completed; if the match fails, an alarm is triggered.

[0021] Step 5: The data acquisition client monitors the BMS data of the battery PACK pack and the power supply battery at intervals of F minutes, performs corresponding alarm operations according to the alarm threshold, and binds the monitoring data and device information to form a timed upload data frame and uploads it to the mobile server.

[0022] Step 6: After receiving the timed upload data frame sent by the established data acquisition client, the mobile server displays the monitoring data and device information in real time on the monitoring display interface, binds the monitoring data and device information and saves it to the database, and synchronizes the data with the terminal server.

[0023] Preferably, N≥1000; the router uses supernetting technology to extend the Class C network segment, thereby enabling the number of supported subnets to exceed the limit of 254.

[0024] Preferably, the monitoring data includes:

[0025] Battery pack BMS data includes cell voltage, cell temperature, coolant temperature, insulation class, insulation resistance value, and battery state of charge.

[0026] Battery management system (BMS) data includes remaining capacity, battery voltage, battery current, battery temperature, and battery state of charge.

[0027] Preferably, the user accounts mentioned in step 1 include ordinary users and administrator users, the difference being that administrator users have read and write permissions to the database;

[0028] The device information includes the router SSID and key, the IP and port information of all mobile servers under the wireless network, the version number and the CAN communication protocol bound to them, and the device ID of the data acquisition client;

[0029] The set parameters include alarm thresholds and CAN communication protocol; the alarm threshold is a safety threshold for the monitored data, and a corresponding alarm operation will be triggered when the monitored data exceeds the threshold.

[0030] The settings in the database are synchronized with the data acquisition client, and the monitoring data and equipment information are synchronized with the terminal server.

[0031] Preferably, the terminal server shares the stored monitoring data and device information with all mobile servers via an internet network;

[0032] Preferably, the specific process of establishing a connection between the data acquisition client and the mobile server in step 3 is as follows:

[0033] Step 3.1: The data acquisition client queries and obtains the SSIDs and signal strengths of all routers within the current range. It then matches these SSIDs with the router SSIDs stored in the data acquisition client and establishes connections with routers within the range based on signal strength as the priority. If the connection fails, it will reconnect up to 3 times. If the connection still cannot be established, it will switch to the next router SSID until a connection is successfully established. Otherwise, it will skip the connection operation and prioritize data acquisition. After one round of data acquisition, it will repeat the connection establishment operation.

[0034] Step 3.2: The data acquisition client extracts one of the IP and port information of all mobile servers stored under the wireless network, sends a request connection frame with the device ID of the data acquisition client to the mobile server and enters a waiting state. The mobile server matches the device ID with the device ID in the database, filters illegal connections, and if a match is successful, it sends back a response frame, allowing the data acquisition client to upload monitoring data and displaying the device status on the monitoring display interface; otherwise, it does not respond. If the data acquisition client does not receive a response frame within a set time after the request, it considers the connection to have failed and repeats the request to the server 3 times. If all attempts fail, it moves on to the next mobile server to request a connection until a TCP connection is successfully established. Otherwise, it skips the connection operation and prioritizes data acquisition. After one round of data acquisition, it repeats the connection establishment operation.

[0035] Preferably, the implementation process of step 5 is as follows:

[0036] Step 5.1: If the CAN communication protocol is matched, query the battery pack BMS data; otherwise, set all battery pack BMS data to zero and skip the query. The data acquisition client sends a CAN request message to the battery pack and waits for the battery pack to send back a response message. Each CAN request message queries a set of BMS data. Querying complete BMS data requires 10 query cycles. If a query fails, it will be repeated a maximum of 3 times; otherwise, the query will be skipped. If all queries fail, it is recorded as a data anomaly. After the query cycle is completed, the status of the battery pack is determined based on the alarm threshold. When an abnormal BMS data is detected, an alarm will be triggered via an alarm light and a buzzer.

[0037] Step 5.2, query the power supply battery BMS data: The data acquisition client sends an RS-485 request message to the power supply battery and waits for the power supply battery to send a response message; each RS-485 request message queries a set of BMS data. The query of complete BMS data requires 5 query loops. If a query fails, it will be repeated a maximum of 3 times. Otherwise, the data will be skipped. If all queries fail, it will be recorded as a data anomaly; after the query loop is completed, the status of the power supply battery is determined according to the alarm threshold. When an abnormal BMS data is detected, an alarm will be triggered by an alarm light and a buzzer.

[0038] Step 5.3: After the data acquisition client completes one round of data acquisition, if the current data acquisition client has established a connection with the mobile server, the monitoring data and device information are bound together to form a timed upload data frame and uploaded to the mobile server; if the current data acquisition client has not established a connection with the server, the query process ends and the operation of establishing a connection between the data acquisition client and the mobile server is repeated.

[0039] Preferably, the data acquisition client communicates with the battery pack and the power supply battery via one CAN and one RS-485, integrates a Wi-Fi module to communicate with the mobile server, has a built-in speaker and alarm light for alarm purposes, and has a built-in power supply battery and an external power supply interface for power supply.

[0040] The CAN communication module supports both the traditional standard CAN protocol and the CANFD protocol, and is compatible with the CAN communication protocols of different battery pack models.

[0041] Preferably, after the mobile server detects that the monitoring data exceeds the alarm threshold, it will trigger a pop-up window to display the device information of the alarm device and emit an alarm sound.

[0042] Preferably, the database used is an SQLite database. The mobile server displays the monitoring data on the monitoring display interface and simultaneously stores it in the SQLite database. To ensure the security of the database, a data export function, an automatic database backup function, and an automatic deletion of expired information when the storage data reaches the limit are added to prevent data loss due to insufficient memory on the mobile server.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0044] 1. The device information uploaded by the data acquisition client to the mobile server in this invention includes the device ID of the data acquisition client and the ID of the battery pack. This eliminates the need to manually scan a QR code to read and upload device information, solving the problems of cumbersome operation steps, the possibility of human error, and the inability to monitor battery pack BMS data in a timely manner during the traditional manual scanning and binding of device information process, thus making the monitoring and data transmission more efficient.

[0045] 2. This invention uses a CAN communication module that supports CANFD communication in hardware, and adds automatic detection and matching of different communication protocols in the connection process. It can query the model of the connected battery pack and adopt the matching communication protocol, which improves the versatility and flexibility of the acquisition device.

[0046] 3. This invention uses a router as a transmission medium for data transmission. The transmission process is simple, fast, and easy to implement. The router is used to enhance the transmission signal, thereby reducing the impact of terrain limitations and meeting the needs of remote data acquisition. Furthermore, it introduces supernetting technology, which expands the traditional Class C network segment. The same router can simultaneously support the online monitoring of N (N≥254) battery packs, overcoming the limitation of the number of battery packs in traditional wireless monitoring and expanding the application scope. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the monitoring system structure involved in the present invention.

[0048] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the monitoring method of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the mobile server workflow in the monitoring method of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the data acquisition client process in the monitoring method of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 5 This is a simplified flowchart of the monitoring method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0053] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the monitoring system structure involved in this invention. Figure 1As can be seen, the monitoring system involved in this monitoring method includes N data acquisition clients that are connected one-to-one with N battery packs, multiple parallel routers that form a wireless network, multiple mobile servers that are connected to the N data acquisition clients via a wireless network, and a terminal server that is connected to and synchronized with the multiple mobile servers via a wireless network; the data acquisition clients are equipped with power supply batteries; and the mobile servers establish a database.

[0054] Specifically, the data acquisition client uses a microcontroller as the main controller, including:

[0055] The power supply module, including a power supply battery and a charging interface, is used to provide power to the device;

[0056] The communication module, including a Wi-Fi module, a CAN communication module and an RS-485 communication module, is used to periodically collect monitoring data of the battery pack and power supply battery, and to periodically upload the collected monitoring data and device information to the mobile server via a wireless network.

[0057] The alarm module is used to trigger an alarm when abnormal data is detected. This module includes an alarm light and a buzzer.

[0058] The mobile server includes:

[0059] The personnel management module is used to verify the login user type, which includes regular users and administrator users;

[0060] The data communication module is used for data communication with the data acquisition client and the terminal server;

[0061] The human-computer interaction module provides a visual interface to display the monitoring data uploaded by the connected data acquisition client;

[0062] The data management module creates a database to store and manage user account information, set parameters, monitor data, and device information.

[0063] The monitoring and alarm module is used to display pop-up windows on the mobile server interface and to trigger alarms via speakers when abnormal data is detected.

[0064] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the monitoring method of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the mobile server workflow in the monitoring method of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the data acquisition client process in the monitoring method of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a simplified flowchart of the monitoring method of the present invention. Figures 2-5Therefore, this invention provides an online data monitoring method for a large number of battery packs, used to monitor the BMS data of N battery packs and their power supply batteries in real time via a wireless network. The monitoring method includes the following steps:

[0065] Step 1: Expand the router according to the number of battery packs to be monitored; store user account information, setting parameters and setting policies, monitoring data, and device information in the database of the mobile server; store device information and alarm thresholds in the data acquisition client; the user account information includes the user's account and key.

[0066] In this embodiment, the monitoring data includes:

[0067] Battery pack BMS data includes cell voltage, cell temperature, coolant temperature, insulation class, insulation resistance value, and battery state of charge.

[0068] Battery management system (BMS) data includes remaining capacity, battery voltage, battery current, battery temperature, and battery state of charge.

[0069] The user accounts include regular users and administrator users, the difference being that administrator users have read and write permissions to the database.

[0070] The device information includes the router's SSID and key, the IP and port information of all mobile servers under the wireless network, the version number and the CAN communication protocol bound to it, and the device ID of the data acquisition client.

[0071] The set parameters include alarm thresholds and CAN communication protocol; the alarm threshold is a safety threshold for the monitored data, and a corresponding alarm operation will be triggered when the monitored data exceeds the threshold.

[0072] The settings in the database are synchronized with the data acquisition client, and the monitoring data and equipment information are synchronized with the terminal server.

[0073] Step 2: Start the mobile server and connect to the wireless network. After logging in to the mobile server's login interface by entering your user account and key, you will enter the monitoring display interface. Wait for the data acquisition client to request a connection and upload monitoring data.

[0074] Step 3: Start the data acquisition client. The data acquisition client establishes a connection with the router, and then sends a connection request frame to the mobile server through the router to request a connection. After the mobile server verifies the connection and replies with a response frame, the data acquisition client establishes a TCP connection with the mobile server.

[0075] In this embodiment, the specific process of establishing a connection between the data acquisition client and the mobile server is as follows:

[0076] Step 3.1: The data acquisition client queries and obtains the SSIDs and signal strengths of all routers within the current range. It then matches these SSIDs with the server router SSIDs stored in the data acquisition client and establishes connections with routers within the range based on signal strength as the priority. If the connection fails, it will reconnect up to 3 times. If the connection still cannot be established, it will switch to the next router SSID until a connection is successfully established. Otherwise, it will skip the connection operation and prioritize data acquisition. After one round of data acquisition, it will repeat the connection establishment operation.

[0077] Step 3.2: The data acquisition client extracts one of the IP and port information of all mobile servers stored under the wireless network, sends a request connection frame with the device ID of the data acquisition client to the mobile server and enters a waiting state. The mobile server matches the device ID with the device ID in the database, filters illegal connections, and if a match is successful, it sends back a response frame, allowing the data acquisition client to upload monitoring data and displaying the device status on the monitoring display interface; otherwise, it does not respond. If the data acquisition client does not receive a response frame within a set time after the request, it considers the connection to have failed and repeats the request to the server 3 times. If all attempts fail, it moves on to the next mobile server to request a connection until a TCP connection is successfully established. Otherwise, it skips the connection operation and prioritizes data acquisition. After one round of data acquisition, it repeats the connection establishment operation.

[0078] Step 4: The data acquisition client establishes a connection with the battery pack. Specifically, when the data acquisition client connects to a new battery pack for the first time, it alternately uses multiple CAN communication protocols to query the version number of the battery pack and match its CAN communication protocol. If the match is successful, the connection is completed; if the match fails, an alarm is triggered.

[0079] Step 5: The data acquisition client monitors the BMS data of the battery PACK pack and the power supply battery at intervals of F minutes, performs corresponding alarm operations according to the alarm threshold, and binds the monitoring data and device information to form a timed upload data frame and uploads it to the mobile server.

[0080] The implementation process of step 5 is as follows:

[0081] Step 5.1: If the CAN communication protocol is matched, query the battery pack BMS data; otherwise, set all battery pack BMS data to zero and skip the query. The data acquisition client sends a CAN request message to the battery pack and waits for the battery pack to send back a response message. Each CAN request message queries a set of BMS data. Querying complete BMS data requires 10 query cycles. If a query fails, it will be repeated a maximum of 3 times; otherwise, the query will be skipped. If all queries fail, it is recorded as a data anomaly. After the query cycle is completed, the status of the battery pack is determined based on the alarm threshold. When an abnormal BMS data is detected, an alarm will be triggered via an alarm light and a buzzer.

[0082] Step 5.2, query the power supply battery BMS data: The data acquisition client sends an RS-485 request message to the power supply battery and waits for the power supply battery to send a response message; each RS-485 request message queries a set of BMS data. The query of complete BMS data requires 5 query loops. If a query fails, it will be repeated a maximum of 3 times. Otherwise, the data will be skipped. If all queries fail, it will be recorded as a data anomaly; after the query loop is completed, the status of the power supply battery is determined according to the alarm threshold. When an abnormal BMS data is detected, an alarm will be triggered by an alarm light and a buzzer.

[0083] Step 5.3: After the data acquisition client completes one round of data acquisition, if the current data acquisition client has established a connection with the mobile server, the monitoring data and device information are bound together to form a timed upload data frame and uploaded to the mobile server; if the current data acquisition client has not established a connection with the server, the query process ends and the operation of establishing a connection between the data acquisition client and the mobile server is repeated.

[0084] In this embodiment, F = 5 minutes.

[0085] Step 6: After receiving the timed upload data frame sent by the established data acquisition client, the mobile server displays the monitoring data and device information in real time on the monitoring display interface, binds the monitoring data and device information and saves it to the database, and synchronizes the data with the terminal server.

[0086] In this embodiment, N ≥ 1000. The router utilizes supernetting technology to extend the Class C network segment, thereby exceeding the limitation of 254 supported subnets.

[0087] In this embodiment, the terminal server shares the stored monitoring data and device information with all mobile servers via the Internet.

[0088] In this embodiment, the data acquisition client communicates with the battery pack and the power supply battery via one CAN and one RS-485, integrates a Wi-Fi module to communicate with the mobile server, has a built-in speaker and alarm light for alarm purposes, and has a built-in power supply battery and an external power supply interface for power supply.

[0089] The CAN communication module supports both the traditional standard CAN protocol and the CANFD protocol, and is compatible with the CAN communication protocols of different battery pack models.

[0090] In this embodiment, after the mobile server detects that the monitoring data exceeds the alarm threshold, it will trigger a pop-up window to display the device information of the alarm device and emit an alarm sound.

[0091] In this embodiment, the database used is an SQLite database. The mobile server displays the monitoring data on the monitoring display interface and simultaneously stores it in the SQLite database. To ensure the security of the database, a data export function, an automatic database backup function, and an automatic deletion of expired information when the storage data reaches the limit are added to prevent data loss due to insufficient memory on the mobile server.

Claims

1. An online data monitoring method for a large number of battery packs, used to monitor BMS data of N battery packs and their power supply batteries in real time via a wireless network; the monitoring system involved in this monitoring method includes N data acquisition clients connected one-to-one with the N battery packs, multiple parallel routers forming a wireless network, multiple mobile servers connected to the N data acquisition clients via a wireless network, and a terminal server connected and synchronized with the multiple mobile servers via a wireless network; each data acquisition client contains a power supply battery; A database is established in the mobile server; Its features are, The monitoring method includes the following steps: Step 1: Expand the router according to the number of battery packs to be monitored; store user account information, setting parameters and setting policies, monitoring data, and device information in the database of the mobile server; store device information and alarm thresholds in the data acquisition client; the user account information includes the user's account and key; Step 2: Start the mobile server and connect to the wireless network. After logging in to the mobile server's login interface by entering your user account and key, you will enter the monitoring display interface. Wait for the data acquisition client to request a connection and upload monitoring data. Step 3: Start the data acquisition client. The data acquisition client establishes a connection with the router and then sends a connection request frame to the mobile server through the router to request a connection. After the mobile server verifies the connection and replies with a response frame, the data acquisition client establishes a TCP connection with the mobile server. Step 4: The data acquisition client establishes a connection with the battery pack. Specifically, when the data acquisition client connects to a new battery pack for the first time, the data acquisition client alternately uses multiple CAN communication protocols to query the version number of the battery pack and match its CAN communication protocol; if the match is successful, the connection is completed; if the match fails, an alarm is triggered. Step 5: The data acquisition client monitors the BMS data of the battery PACK pack and the power supply battery at intervals of F minutes, performs corresponding alarm operations according to the alarm threshold, and binds the monitoring data and device information to form a timed upload data frame and uploads it to the mobile server. Step 6: After receiving the timed upload data frame sent by the established data acquisition client, the mobile server displays the monitoring data and device information in real time on the monitoring display interface, binds the monitoring data and device information and saves it to the database, and synchronizes the data with the terminal server.

2. The online data monitoring method for a large number of battery packs according to claim 1, characterized in that, N≥1000; The router utilizes supernetting technology to extend Class C network segments, enabling it to support more than 254 subnets.

3. The online data monitoring method for a large number of battery packs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring data includes: Battery pack BMS data includes cell voltage, cell temperature, coolant temperature, insulation class, insulation resistance value, and battery state of charge. Battery management system (BMS) data includes remaining capacity, battery voltage, battery current, battery temperature, and battery state of charge.

4. The online data monitoring method for a large number of battery packs according to claim 3, characterized in that, The user accounts mentioned in step 1 include ordinary users and administrator users, the difference being that administrator users have read and write permissions to the database; The device information includes the router SSID and key, the IP and port information of all mobile servers under the wireless network, the version number and the CAN communication protocol bound to them, and the device ID of the data acquisition client; The set parameters include alarm thresholds and CAN communication protocol; the alarm threshold is a safety threshold for the monitored data, and a corresponding alarm operation will be triggered when the monitored data exceeds the threshold. The settings in the database are synchronized with the data acquisition client, and the monitoring data and equipment information are synchronized with the terminal server.

5. The online data monitoring method for a large number of battery packs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The terminal server shares the stored monitoring data and device information with all mobile servers via the Internet.

6. The online data monitoring method for a large number of battery packs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific process of establishing a connection between the data acquisition client and the mobile server in step 3 is as follows: Step 3.1: The data acquisition client queries and obtains the SSIDs and signal strengths of all routers within the current range. It then matches these SSIDs with the router SSIDs stored in the data acquisition client and establishes connections with routers within the range based on signal strength as the priority. If the connection fails, it will reconnect up to 3 times. If the connection still cannot be established, it will switch to the next router SSID until a connection is successfully established. Otherwise, it will skip the connection operation and prioritize data acquisition. After one round of data acquisition, it will repeat the connection establishment operation. Step 3.2: The data acquisition client extracts one of the IP and port information of all mobile servers stored under the wireless network, sends a request connection frame with the device ID of the data acquisition client to the mobile server and enters a waiting state. The mobile server matches the device ID with the device ID in the database, filters illegal connections, and if a match is successful, it will send back a response frame, allowing the data acquisition client to upload monitoring data and display the status of the device on the monitoring display interface; otherwise, it will not respond. If the data acquisition client does not receive a response frame within the set time after the request, it is considered that the connection has failed. After three repeated requests to the server have failed, it will switch to the next mobile server to request a connection until a TCP connection is successfully established. Otherwise, the connection operation will be skipped and the data acquisition work will be carried out first. After one round of data acquisition, the connection establishment operation will be repeated.

7. The online data monitoring method for a large number of battery packs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The implementation process of step 5 is as follows: Step 5.1: If the CAN communication protocol has been matched, query the battery pack BMS data; otherwise, set all battery pack BMS data to zero and skip the query. The data acquisition client sends a CAN request message to the battery pack and waits for the battery pack to send back a response message. Each CAN request message queries a set of BMS data. The query of complete BMS data requires 10 query loops. If a query fails, it will be repeated a maximum of 3 times. Otherwise, the query will be skipped. If all queries fail, it will be recorded as a data anomaly. After the query loop is completed, the status of the battery pack is determined according to the alarm threshold. When abnormal BMS data is detected, an alarm will be triggered by the alarm light and buzzer. Step 5.2, query the power supply battery BMS data: The data acquisition client sends an RS-485 request message to the power supply battery and waits for the power supply battery to send back a response message; each RS-485 request message queries a set of BMS data. The query of complete BMS data requires 5 query loops. If a query fails, it will be repeated a maximum of 3 times. Otherwise, the data will be skipped. If all queries fail, it will be recorded as a data anomaly. After the query loop is completed, the status of the power supply battery is determined according to the alarm threshold. When abnormal BMS data is detected, an alarm will be triggered by the alarm light and buzzer. Step 5.3: After the data acquisition client completes one round of data acquisition, if the current data acquisition client has established a connection with the mobile server, the monitoring data and device information are bound together to form a timed upload data frame and uploaded to the mobile server. If the current data acquisition client has not established a connection with the server, the query process will end and the operation of establishing a connection between the data acquisition client and the mobile server will be repeated.

8. The online data monitoring method for a large number of battery packs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data acquisition client communicates with the battery pack and power supply battery via one CAN and one RS-485, integrates a Wi-Fi module to communicate with the mobile server, has a built-in speaker and alarm light for alarm purposes, and has a built-in power supply battery and an external power supply interface for power supply. The CAN communication module supports both the traditional standard CAN protocol and the CANFD protocol, and is compatible with the CAN communication protocols of different battery pack models.

9. The online data monitoring method for a large number of battery packs according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the mobile server detects that the monitored data exceeds the alarm threshold, it will trigger a pop-up window to display the device information of the alarm device and emit an alarm sound.

10. The online data monitoring method for a large number of battery packs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The database used is SQLite. The mobile server displays the monitoring data on the monitoring display interface and simultaneously stores it in the SQLite database. To ensure database security, data export function, automatic database backup function, and automatic deletion of expired information when the storage data reaches the limit have been added to prevent data loss due to insufficient memory on the mobile server.

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