Optical storage and charging micro-grid energy management system

Abstract

The invention relates to an optical storage and charging micro-grid energy management system, and the system comprises a data collection system which is used for collecting the operation data and environment data of all production equipment in a micro-grid in real time; the energy scheduling and optimizing system formulates an energy distribution strategy through a preset algorithm; the execution system is used for executing the energy distribution strategy formulated by the energy scheduling and optimizing system and sending an execution command to corresponding production equipment; the state evaluation and fault protection system continuously monitors the operation state of the micro-grid energy management system, identifies abnormity and triggers a protection mechanism, and the state evaluation and fault protection system comprises a power supply management system and a fault protection system; the power management system monitors whether the voltage of the micro-grid runs in a preset voltage interval or not through hierarchical management and control; and the man-machine interaction and data management system can display the data in the system on a display screen.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to an energy management system, in particular to a light storage and charging micro-grid energy management system. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the transformation of global energy structure to clean and low-carbon, photovoltaic power generation, as one of the core forms of renewable energy, has become a trend in its large-scale application and distributed deployment. At the same time, the rapid increase in the popularity of new energy electric vehicles (EV) has led to a huge demand for public and private charging facilities. In order to solve the contradiction between the "intermittency, volatility and randomness" of photovoltaic power generation and the "significant peak-valley difference and large instantaneous power" of charging load, the light storage and charging micro-grid integrating photovoltaic power generation (light) - energy storage system (storage) - electric vehicle charging (charging) has emerged as the times require, and is widely used in industrial and commercial parks, residential communities, transportation hubs and other scenarios, becoming a key carrier for realizing source-grid-load-storage collaboration, improving clean energy consumption rate and alleviating power supply pressure.

[0003] In the output voltage of the micro-grid, the actual voltage value is not fixed, and the actual voltage value is operated around the rated voltage. This characteristic is not only an objective law of the power system, but also a inevitable result of the "multi-energy interaction and dynamic load change" characteristics of the light storage and charging micro-grid.

[0004] However, in the voltage management scheme of the traditional light storage and charging micro-grid, some systems only judge whether the voltage is "out of limit" through simple numerical monitoring, neither predict the "trend of fluctuation around the rated voltage" (such as the voltage approaching ±5% upper limit for 30 seconds without triggering intervention), nor develop adjustment strategies according to the fluctuation amplitude classification (such as not starting reactive power compensation in time when the voltage is in the range of rated value +3%~+5%, and cutting off the equipment only when approaching +10% threshold). This "passive response" mode not only cannot fully utilize the tolerance of the equipment, but also easily leads to frequent triggering of the protection threshold due to adjustment lag, reducing the stability of the micro-grid operation and the energy utilization efficiency. For example, if the voltage drops to -4% of the rated value due to insufficient power during the charging peak, the traditional system does not dispatch the energy storage to discharge and supplement power in time, which may cause the voltage to further drop to -8%, triggering the batch shutdown of charging piles, interrupting the charging service, and also causing the photovoltaic output to be forced to abandon electricity due to "insufficient load". SUMMARY

[0005] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a light storage and charging micro-grid energy management system, which can accurately monitor the fluctuation trend of the actual voltage around the rated voltage, control the fluctuation in a safe and efficient range through a hierarchical strategy, and avoid affecting the system safety and user experience due to excessive voltage fluctuation.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides a light storage and charging micro-grid energy management system, comprising: A data acquisition system is configured to acquire real-time operation data and environmental data of all production devices in the micro-grid; An energy scheduling and optimization system is configured to send the acquired operation data and environmental data to the energy scheduling and optimization system, and the energy scheduling and optimization system is configured to formulate an energy distribution strategy based on the data acquired by the data acquisition and monitoring system through a preset algorithm; An execution system is configured to execute the energy distribution strategy formulated by the energy scheduling and optimization system and send an execution command to the corresponding production device; A state evaluation and fault protection system is configured to continuously monitor the operation state of the micro-grid energy management system, identify abnormalities, and trigger a protection mechanism, wherein the state evaluation and fault protection system comprises a power management system configured to monitor whether the voltage of the micro-grid is running within a preset voltage range through hierarchical control; A human-computer interaction and data management system is connected with the data acquisition system, the energy scheduling and optimization system, the execution system, and the state evaluation and fault protection system, and the human-computer interaction and data management system is configured to display the data in the above systems on a display screen.

[0007] Preferably, the power management system comprises: A data screening module is configured to screen voltage data of the micro-grid; A cache module is configured to store the voltage data of the micro-grid in real time; A pre-stored data module is configured to store rated voltage data of each stage of the micro-grid, process the rated voltage data of each stage of the micro-grid, and generate a rated voltage region map; A data conversion module is electrically connected with the cache module, and the data conversion module is configured to convert actual voltage data of the micro-grid into an actual voltage curve graph; A graphic comparison module is configured to compare the processed rated voltage region map with the actual voltage curve graph, output an abnormal signal to the human-computer interaction and data management system if the actual voltage curve graph is outside the range of the rated voltage region map, and synchronously push a normal operation state of the micro-grid to the human-computer interaction and data management system if the actual voltage curve graph is within the range of the rated voltage region map.

[0008] Further preferably, the pre-stored data module processes the rated voltage data of each stage, comprising the following steps: S110: acquiring rated voltage data V in each stage; S120: correcting the rated voltage data V of each stage, the corrected rated voltage range being V±△V, wherein △V is the correction value of each step, and △V is determined according to the rated voltage fluctuation range; S130: drawing a square graph according to the corrected rated voltage data of each stage, thereby obtaining a processed rated voltage area graph.

[0009] Further preferably, the rated voltage area graph is provided with an upper voltage adjustment area higher than the rated voltage, wherein the lowest voltage of the upper voltage adjustment area is V+35%△V, and the highest voltage of the upper voltage adjustment area is V+80%△V.

[0010] Further preferably, when the actual voltage curve graph makes a box operation between the lowest voltage of the upper voltage adjustment area and the rated voltage, the graphic comparison module synchronously pushes the microgrid normal operation state to the man-machine interaction and data management system; When the actual voltage curve graph makes a box operation in the upper voltage adjustment area, the graphic comparison module synchronously pushes the microgrid normal operation state to the man-machine interaction and data management system, and the man-machine interaction and data management system marks and reminds the actual voltage for processing; When the actual voltage curve graph makes a box operation between the highest voltage of the upper voltage adjustment area and the highest voltage of the rated voltage area graph, the graphic comparison module synchronously pushes the microgrid normal operation state to the man-machine interaction and data management system, and the man-machine interaction and data management system adjusts the reactive power to make the actual voltage decrease; When the curve of the actual voltage curve graph exceeds the highest voltage of the rated voltage area graph, the graphic comparison module sends an abnormal signal to the man-machine interaction and data management system.

[0011] Further preferably, the rated voltage area graph is provided with a lower voltage adjustment area lower than the rated voltage, wherein the highest voltage of the upper voltage adjustment area is V-35%△V, and the lowest voltage of the upper voltage adjustment area is V-80%△V.

[0012] Further preferably, when the actual voltage curve graph makes a box operation between the highest voltage of the lower voltage adjustment area and the rated voltage, the graphic comparison module synchronously pushes the microgrid normal operation state to the man-machine interaction and data management system; When the actual voltage curve graph makes a box operation in the lower voltage adjustment area, the graphic comparison module synchronously pushes the microgrid normal operation state to the man-machine interaction and data management system, and the man-machine interaction and data management system marks and reminds the actual voltage for processing; When the actual voltage curve is between the lowest voltage in the lower voltage regulation zone and the highest voltage in the rated voltage zone, the graph comparison module synchronously pushes the normal operation status of the microgrid to the human-machine interaction and data management system. The human-machine interaction and data management system then adjusts the reactive power of the actual voltage to increase the actual voltage. When the actual voltage curve exceeds the lowest voltage of the rated voltage range, the graph comparison module sends an abnormal signal to the human-computer interaction and data management system.

[0013] A further preferred embodiment includes a database, which stores the actual voltage data of the microgrid in real time and the comparison results between the actual voltage curve and the rated voltage area map.

[0014] Even more preferably, the human-computer interaction and data management system can display a comparison chart of the actual voltage curve and the rated voltage range on the screen in real time.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This application focuses on "voltage graded control" and upgrades the traditional "passive voltage protection" of photovoltaic-storage-charging microgrids to "active trend management" through multi-system collaboration and data-driven approaches. This not only solves the problem of "system instability and service interruption caused by voltage fluctuations" but also improves the clean energy absorption rate and operation and maintenance efficiency. Ultimately, it achieves the goal of "safe, efficient, and economical" operation of photovoltaic-storage-charging microgrids, and is suitable for application needs in various scenarios such as industrial and commercial parks, residential communities, and transportation hubs.

[0016] From the perspective of "state assessment", the system is no longer "monitoring only a single parameter (such as voltage only)", but continuously assessing the overall operating status of the microgrid (equipment operation, voltage range, power balance). It can identify "potential risks" in advance (such as voltage slowly approaching the threshold, insufficient energy storage capacity) and avoid equipment damage caused by the traditional system "alarming only after the fault occurs" (such as photovoltaic inverters burning out due to long-term high voltage).

[0017] From the perspective of "fault protection", the power management system can monitor the voltage range and trigger protection in a targeted manner (such as disconnecting the faulty equipment when the voltage exceeds the preset range), to avoid the spread of abnormal voltage (such as the charging pile being damaged due to excessive voltage), while ensuring the continuity of the core services (such as charging) of the photovoltaic-storage-charging microgrid. For example, in the event of a grid fault, the protection system can quickly disconnect the grid connection switch to prevent the fault from affecting the charging pile and maintain the power supply of "photovoltaic + energy storage" to the charging pile.

[0018] 1. Achieve "refined hierarchical control" of voltage fluctuations, upgrading from "passive over-limit protection" to "proactive trend intervention". (1) Graded response to adapt to fluctuation amplitude: The voltage fluctuation is divided into "normal area (within ±35%△V of rated value), warning area (±35%△V~±80%△V), adjustment area (±80%△V~±100%△V), fault area (exceeding ±△V)", and different intervals are correspondingly processed differently (such as only marking a warning in the warning area, and automatically starting reactive power regulation in the adjustment area), to avoid "excessive intervention of small fluctuations" or "response lag of large fluctuations"; For example, when the voltage fluctuates in the "rated value +35%△V~+80%△V" (upper adjustment area), the system first marks a warning instead of directly cutting off the equipment, which not only utilizes the equipment tolerance margin, but also reserves intervention time for the operation and maintenance personnel, reducing unnecessary service interruption (such as charging pile shutdown).

[0019] (2) Trend prediction avoids fault risk: By comparing the actual voltage curve with the rated voltage area graph in real time, the traditional "single-point numerical monitoring" is replaced, which can directly capture the trend of the voltage approaching the threshold (such as the voltage drifting from the "normal area" to the "adjustment area" within 30 seconds), and trigger reactive power regulation (such as SVG output capacitive reactive power) in advance, to avoid the voltage further rising to the fault area, thereby reducing the probability of "voltage exceeding the limit triggering protection" from the root, and ensuring the continuous operation of the microgrid.

[0020] 2. Reduce energy waste and equipment loss, and improve clean energy consumption rate and economic benefit The traditional scheme is prone to "photovoltaic power abandonment" or "excessive equipment loss" due to extensive voltage management; the present scheme indirectly improves energy utilization efficiency and equipment life through fine adjustment and protection: (1) Maximize clean energy consumption: When the voltage slightly rises due to "excessive photovoltaic output", the system preferentially consumes the excess power through "energy storage charging + reactive power regulation" instead of the traditional scheme of "directly limiting photovoltaic output"; for example, when the voltage fluctuates in the "upper adjustment area", the system first instructs the energy storage to increase the charging power (to absorb the photovoltaic surplus), and only when the energy storage is fully charged, the photovoltaic output is appropriately limited, reducing the loss of abandoned light and improving the utilization rate of photovoltaic power (especially in the scenario of sufficient light but low charging load).

[0021] (2) Reduce equipment loss and extend life: Avoiding frequent voltage fluctuations at the edge of the "fault area" (such as the voltage repeatedly reaching the ±10% threshold in the traditional scheme), reducing the mechanical loss caused by "frequent start-stop protection" (such as the repeated shutdown and restart of photovoltaic inverters); at the same time, through "reactive power priority regulation" instead of "active power forced reduction", the impact on equipment caused by sudden changes in active power (such as large current charging and discharging of energy storage batteries) is avoided, prolonging the service life of photovoltaic inverters, energy storage batteries, and charging piles, and reducing the operation and maintenance cost.

[0022] 3. Adapt to the multi-scene requirements of optical storage and charging, and ensure the continuity of charging services and user experience The core scene of the optical storage and charging microgrid (such as a community or a transportation hub) has high requirements for “uninterrupted charging services”; this scheme avoids the batch shutdown of charging piles due to voltage problems through hierarchical protection and active adjustment: For example, during the charging peak, if the voltage drops to the “lower adjustment zone” (rated value-35%△V~ -80%△V) due to sudden load increase, the system first starts the energy storage discharge and reactive power compensation, rather than directly cutting off the charging pile, to ensure normal charging of electric vehicles; only when the voltage exceeds the fault zone will non-critical charging piles (such as ordinary private car piles) be selectively cut off, prioritizing the power supply of emergency vehicle piles, balancing “system safety” and “user experience”, and meeting the scene requirements of the optical storage and charging microgrid. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below. In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, but the present application can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the scope of the present application, so the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0024] This embodiment takes a “residential community optical storage and charging microgrid” as the application scene (covering 200 households of electricity, 10 DC fast charging piles, 1 set of 100kW photovoltaic array, and 1 set of 50kWh energy storage system), and realizes voltage fine management and control and multi-energy coordination based on the system architecture of the present application. The specific operation logic and process are as follows: System deployment and module linkage basis: In this embodiment, the five core modules of the optical storage and charging microgrid energy management system are deployed and linked as follows: Data acquisition system: through voltage / current sensors, communication modules (RS485+LoRa), real-time acquisition of photovoltaic inverter (output power, DC side voltage), energy storage converter (PCS, charge / discharge power, battery SOC), charging pile (real-time charging current / power, gun head connection state), and grid-connected point (voltage / frequency, active / reactive power), environmental data such as community light intensity and environmental temperature are also collected, and the data sampling frequency is 1 time / second.

[0025] Energy scheduling and optimization system: deployed in the community microgrid control center, with built-in power balance algorithm and reactive power regulation algorithm, after receiving real-time data from the data acquisition system, dynamically formulating energy distribution strategies (such as photovoltaic priority for charging piles + remaining power for energy storage, and grid valley energy storage charging).

[0026] Execution system: Directly connected with photovoltaic inverter, PCS, charging pile, grid-connected circuit breaker through relay and control terminal, receiving dispatching strategy and outputting execution instruction (such as PCS charging power 15kW, charging pile current limit 30A).

[0027] State evaluation and fault protection system: Built-in power management system, realizing voltage grading control through data screening-caching-prestorage processing-graphical conversion-contrast process, presetting community microgrid rated voltage as 220V (single phase), correcting value AV=22V (corresponding to safety boundary of rated value ±10%), generating rated voltage area graph containing "upper voltage regulation zone, lower voltage regulation zone".

[0028] Human-computer interaction and data management system: Real-time display of actual voltage curve graph-rated voltage area graph contrast interface on control center display screen, synchronous display of photovoltaic output, energy storage SOC, charging pile operation state and other data, and association with database to store historical data (such as daily voltage fluctuation record, adjustment strategy execution result).

[0029] Actual operation process of voltage grading control: This embodiment takes two typical scenes of sunny noon charging peak and cloudy evening charging valley as examples to illustrate the specific execution logic of voltage grading control: Scene one: sunny noon (sufficient photovoltaic output + full load of charging pile) 1. Data acquisition and state initialization Data acquisition system feedback: photovoltaic real-time output 95kW, 10 charging piles all started (total charging load 80kW), energy storage SOC=60%, grid-connected point actual voltage=228V (rated value 220V, in upper voltage regulation zone warning zone: V+35%AV=220+7.7=227.7V~V+80%AV=220+17.6=237.6V).

[0030] 2. Graphical comparison and judgment of power management system Data screening module extracts "228V actual voltage value" from acquisition data, and caching module stores the data in real time; Data conversion module converts real-time voltage value into "228V actual voltage curve graph with smooth fluctuation", and compares it with the rated voltage area graph (220V±22V, containing upper regulation zone 227.7V~237.6V) generated by prestorage data module; Graphical comparison module determines: actual voltage curve graph runs in warning zone of upper voltage regulation zone, and pushes "normal operation state + voltage mark warning" to human-computer interaction and data management system.

[0031] 3. Coordinated response of dispatching and execution system The human-computer interaction system highlights the actual voltage curve with a "yellow marker" on the display screen, prompting the operation and maintenance personnel to pay attention. The energy scheduling and optimization system formulates a strategy of "maintaining full photovoltaic output and instructing the energy storage PCS to charge at a power of 15 kW (absorbing 5 kW of photovoltaic surplus and supplementing energy storage)" in combination with the power balance state of "photovoltaic output 95 kW > charging load 80 kW"; The execution system issues a "15 kW charging instruction" to the PCS and simultaneously issues an "maintain current output" instruction to the photovoltaic inverter; subsequent data collection feedback: after the energy storage is charged, the actual voltage stabilizes at 226 V, falling back to the "normal zone of the upper regulation zone" (220 V ~ 227.7 V), and the graphical comparison module cancels the marker reminder.

[0032] Scenario Two: Overcast Evening (Photovoltaic Output Suddenly Drops + Charging Load Suddenly Increases) 1. Data Collection and Initial State Data collection system feedback: overcast weather causes photovoltaic output to drop from 30 kW to 10 kW, 5 charging piles suddenly start (total charging load increases from 20 kW to 50 kW), energy storage SOC = 55%, and actual voltage at the grid connection point = 205 V (in the regulation zone of the lower voltage regulation zone: V-80%△V=220-17.6=202.4V~V-35%△V=220-7.7=212.3V).

[0033] 2. Graphical Comparison and Judgment of Power Management System The actual voltage curve shows "205 V fluctuation", after comparison with the rated voltage area graph, the graphical comparison module determines that the voltage is in the "regulation zone" of the lower voltage regulation zone, and pushes the "normal operation state + need reactive regulation" signal to the human-computer interaction system.

[0034] 3. Coordinated Response of Scheduling and Execution System Energy scheduling and optimization system analysis: current power gap = 50 kW charging load - 10 kW photovoltaic output = 40 kW, if only relying on energy storage discharge to supplement energy, it may cause further voltage drop, and joint intervention of "reactive regulation + active energy supplement" is needed; The execution system synchronously issues two types of instructions: ① Issues a "output 10 kvar capacitive reactive power" instruction to the SVG (static var generator) to quickly raise the voltage; ② Issues a "30 kW discharge" instruction to the energy storage PCS to supplement the power gap; Subsequent data collection feedback: after 100 ms of reactive regulation, the voltage rises to 210 V, the power gap decreases to 0 after energy storage discharge, and the actual voltage stabilizes at 215 V, rising back to the "normal zone of the lower regulation zone" (212.3 V ~ 220 V), and the graphical comparison module stops the regulation signal.

[0035] Scenario 3: Emergency protection when voltage approaches fault zone 1. Data collection and state initialization A sudden grid fault causes the microgrid to operate off-grid. The data collection system feeds back that the energy storage PCS has failed and stopped, the charging load is maintained at 30kW, and the actual voltage has rapidly dropped to 195V (lower than the minimum value of 198V in the rated voltage region map, entering the "fault zone").

[0036] 2. Linkage between power management system and fault protection The graphic comparison module determines that the actual voltage curve exceeds the minimum value of the rated voltage region map, immediately outputs an "abnormal signal" to the human-computer interaction system, and triggers the emergency protection mechanism of the state evaluation and fault protection system; The execution system receives the protection instructions: ① disconnect 3 non-critical charging piles (reserve 2 emergency vehicle charging piles, reduce the load to 15kW); ② start the standby energy storage unit (10kWh) to discharge at 15kW power; After troubleshooting: the grid restores power supply, the actual voltage rises to 220V, the graphic comparison module cancels the abnormal signal, and the execution system restores the operation of the non-critical charging pile and restarts the charging of the energy storage PCS.

[0037] Data management and operation optimization during long-term operation: The database stores the "actual voltage data (such as 228V, 205V, 195V)" "graphic comparison results (such as warning zone, adjustment zone, fault zone determination)" "dispatching strategy execution records (such as PCS 15kW charging, SVG 10kvar reactive power output)" in the above scenarios in real time.

[0038] The operation and maintenance personnel retrieve the "one-week voltage fluctuation comparison chart" through the human-computer interaction system and find that "daily evening is prone to adjustment zone fluctuation". Combined with historical data, the dispatching strategy is optimized: "charge the energy storage to SOC≥70% before 16:00 every day to reserve power in advance to cope with the sudden increase in evening charging load"; The optimized data feedback: in subsequent evening scenarios, the voltage drop to the "adjustment zone" reduces by 80%, the charging pile shutdown time is reduced from 3 times a week to 0 times, and the photovoltaic curtailment rate is reduced from 5% to 2%.

[0039] Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic-storage-charging microgrid energy management system, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition system is used to collect real-time operating data and environmental data of all production equipment within the microgrid; An energy scheduling and optimization system is provided, wherein the data acquisition system sends the collected operational and environmental data to the energy scheduling and optimization system, and the energy scheduling and optimization system formulates an energy allocation strategy based on the data collected by the data acquisition and monitoring system through a preset algorithm. An execution system is used to execute the energy allocation strategy formulated by the energy scheduling and optimization system and send execution commands to the corresponding production equipment; A status assessment and fault protection system continuously monitors the operating status of the microgrid energy management system, identifies anomalies, and triggers protection mechanisms. The status assessment and fault protection system includes a power management system, which monitors whether the voltage of the microgrid is operating within a preset voltage range through hierarchical control. The human-computer interaction and data management system is connected to the data acquisition system, energy scheduling and optimization system, execution system and status assessment and fault protection system, and can display the data from the above systems on the display screen.

2. The photovoltaic-storage-charging microgrid energy management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power management system includes: A data filtering module is used to filter out the voltage data of the microgrid. A caching module is used to store the voltage data of the microgrid in real time; A pre-stored data module is used to store the rated voltage data of each stage of the microgrid, process the rated voltage data of each stage of the microgrid, and generate a rated voltage region map. A data conversion module, electrically connected to the cache module, is used to convert the actual voltage data of the microgrid into an actual voltage curve. The graphical comparison module compares the processed rated voltage region map with the actual voltage curve map. If the actual voltage curve map is outside the range of the rated voltage region map, an abnormal signal is output to the human-machine interaction and data management system. If the actual voltage curve map is within the range of the rated voltage region map, the normal operation status of the microgrid is synchronously pushed to the human-machine interaction and data management system.

3. The photovoltaic-storage-charging microgrid energy management system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pre-stored data module processes the rated voltage data at each stage, including the following steps: S110: Obtain the rated voltage data V for each stage; S120: Correct the rated voltage data V for each stage. The range of the corrected rated voltage is V ± ΔV, where ΔV is the correction value for each step and is determined based on the rated voltage fluctuation range. S130: Draw a square diagram based on the corrected rated voltage data for each stage to obtain the processed rated voltage region diagram.

4. The photovoltaic-storage-charging microgrid energy management system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rated voltage range diagram has an upper voltage adjustment zone at a voltage higher than the rated voltage. The lowest voltage of the upper voltage adjustment zone is V + 35% ΔV, and the highest voltage of the upper voltage adjustment zone is V + 80% ΔV.

5. The photovoltaic-storage-charging microgrid energy management system according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the actual voltage curve is operating in a box between the lowest voltage and the rated voltage in the upper voltage regulation zone, the graphic comparison module synchronously pushes the normal operating status of the microgrid to the human-machine interaction and data management system. When the actual voltage curve is running in the upper voltage regulation zone, the graphic comparison module synchronously pushes the normal operation status of the microgrid to the human-machine interaction and data management system, and the human-machine interaction and data management system marks and reminds users of the actual voltage. When the actual voltage curve is in a box-like state between the highest voltage in the upper voltage adjustment zone and the highest voltage in the rated voltage zone, the graphic comparison module synchronously pushes the normal operation status of the microgrid to the human-machine interaction and data management system. The human-machine interaction and data management system performs reactive power adjustment on the actual voltage, causing the actual voltage to decrease. When the actual voltage curve exceeds the highest voltage of the rated voltage region, the graphic comparison module sends an abnormal signal to the human-computer interaction and data management system.

6. A photovoltaic-storage-charging microgrid energy management system according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The rated voltage range diagram has a lower voltage adjustment zone below the rated voltage. The highest voltage of the upper voltage adjustment zone is V-35%△V, and the lowest voltage of the upper voltage adjustment zone is V-80%△V.

7. The photovoltaic-storage-charging microgrid energy management system according to claim 6, characterized in that, When the actual voltage curve is operating in a box between the highest voltage and the rated voltage in the lower voltage regulation zone, the graphic comparison module synchronously pushes the normal operating status of the microgrid to the human-machine interaction and data management system. When the actual voltage curve is running in the lower voltage regulation zone, the graphic comparison module synchronously pushes the normal operation status of the microgrid to the human-machine interaction and data management system, and the human-machine interaction and data management system marks and reminds users of the actual voltage. When the actual voltage curve is in a box-like state between the lowest voltage in the lower voltage regulation zone and the highest voltage in the rated voltage zone, the graphic comparison module synchronously pushes the normal operation status of the microgrid to the human-machine interaction and data management system. The human-machine interaction and data management system then performs reactive power regulation on the actual voltage to increase the actual voltage. When the actual voltage curve exceeds the lowest voltage of the rated voltage region, the graph comparison module sends an abnormal signal to the human-computer interaction and data management system.

8. The photovoltaic-storage-charging microgrid energy management system according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a database, which is used to store the actual voltage data of the microgrid in real time, and to store the comparison results of the actual voltage curve and the rated voltage area map.

9. A photovoltaic-storage-charging microgrid energy management system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The human-computer interaction and data management system can display a comparison chart of the actual voltage curve and the rated voltage range on the display screen in real time.