Abrasive particle three-dimensional ordered arrangement device and method and additive manufacturing equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses an abrasive particle three-dimensional ordered arrangement device and method and additive manufacturing equipment, and belongs to the technical field of manufacturing of high-performance abrasive particle tools for semiconductors, stones, ceramics, optical crystal materials and the like. The device comprises three main parts, namely a distributor, a feeding mechanism and a transplanting mechanism. The arrangement device realizes ordered arrangement of diamond abrasive particles in a negative pressure adsorption mode; the feeding mechanism adopts a circular ring roller design, so that continuous feeding of diamond abrasive particles is realized; the transplanting mechanism achieves accurate transplanting of diamond abrasive particles through cooperation of an electric cylinder and a lifting platform. The method can effectively solve the problems of quick tool abrasion, poor machining quality and the like caused by scattered and uneven distribution of abrasive particles in the manufacturing of a traditional diamond abrasive particle tool. The device is combined with laser additive manufacturing equipment (SLM), additive manufacturing of orderly-arranged and agglomerated abrasive particles can be achieved, the sharpness, the cooling characteristic, the grinding performance and the abrasion resistance of a diamond abrasive particle tool are remarkably improved, and the service life of the diamond abrasive particle tool is remarkably prolonged.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of diamond abrasive grain tool manufacturing, in particular to the technical field of manufacturing structured, digitized and intelligent high-performance abrasive tools by combining additive manufacturing (SLM) technology with diamond abrasive grain ordered arrangement equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing demand for high-precision and high-efficiency processing in modern manufacturing, diamond abrasive grain tools have been widely used in precision machining and super-hard material processing due to their excellent hardness, wear resistance and thermal conductivity. However, there are many technical bottlenecks in the traditional diamond abrasive grain tool manufacturing process.

[0003] Traditional diamond abrasive grain tools are mainly fixed on the substrate by electroplating, sintering or mechanical embedding. These methods have the following problems: first, the distribution of diamond abrasive grains on the substrate is completely random, which leads to uneven abrasive grain density on the surface of the abrasive tool and affects the consistency of the grinding performance; second, the bonding strength between diamond abrasive grains and the substrate is limited, which can easily fall off in high-temperature and high-pressure grinding environment, reducing the service life of the abrasive tool; third, the traditional process is difficult to realize the manufacturing of complex geometric shape abrasive tools, limiting the design freedom of abrasive tools.

[0004] In recent years, additive manufacturing technology (such as selective laser melting SLM) has provided a new way for diamond abrasive grain tool manufacturing. However, the existing SLM technology still has bottlenecks in processing diamond abrasive grains: after mixing diamond abrasive grains with metal powder, laser melting forming is carried out, and the distribution of abrasive grain vacancies is uncontrollable, which seriously restricts the excellent performance of diamond abrasive tools.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, it is urgent to develop a device and method capable of realizing the ordered arrangement of diamond abrasive grains and the corresponding additive manufacturing equipment to realize the preparation of high-performance diamond abrasive grain tools. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to provide a diamond abrasive grain three-dimensional ordered arrangement device and method, which can realize the regular and ordered arrangement of diamond abrasive grains, and combine with SLM additive manufacturing technology to significantly improve the grinding performance, wear resistance and service life of diamond abrasive grain tools.

[0007] The present application adopts the following scheme:

[0008] A kind of abrasive grain three-dimensional ordered arrangement device, including arrangement device, feeding mechanism and transplantation mechanism, wherein:

[0009] The arrangement device comprises a negative pressure cup, an arrangement plate, a vibrator and an electromagnetic striker. The top of the negative pressure cup is provided with at least two through holes, wherein at least one through hole is connected with the air pipe through a pneumatic quick connector, and the other through hole is connected with the signal line and the power line through a waterproof connector. The arrangement plate is arranged at the bottom of the negative pressure cup, and a plurality of regular through holes for adsorbing abrasive particles are arranged on the arrangement plate. The arrangement plate is in sealing cooperation with the negative pressure cup to form a cavity with only the regular through holes. The vibrator and the electromagnetic striker are installed in the cavity of the negative pressure cup, and the electromagnetic striker can touch the arrangement plate when moving.

[0010] The feeding mechanism comprises a circular ring roller, a baffle and a driving wheel. A plurality of material grooves are formed on the inner wall of the circular ring roller along the circumferential direction. The arrangement device is arranged in the circular ring roller, and the baffle is arranged between the inner wall of the circular ring roller and the arrangement device. The baffle has a notch in the same vertical direction as the circular ring roller to transfer the excess abrasive particles back to the roller. The driving wheel is coaxially installed with the circular ring roller and can drive the rotation of the circular ring roller.

[0011] The transplanting mechanism comprises at least an X-axis movement unit and a rotating unit located at one end or one side of the X-axis movement unit. The arrangement device is connected with the rotating unit to form a synchronous rotation connection relationship.

[0012] Further, the arrangement device has at least two arrangement devices arranged on an arrangement device fixing plate. The arrangement device fixing plate and the rotating unit form a synchronous rotation connection relationship.

[0013] Further, the diameter of the regular through holes on the arrangement plate is smaller than the particle size of the diamond abrasive particles to be arranged.

[0014] Further, the transplanting mechanism comprises a horizontal electric cylinder, a vertical lifting platform and a rotating cylinder. The X-axis movement unit is the horizontal electric cylinder, and the rotating unit is the rotating cylinder. The horizontal electric cylinder is installed on the vertical lifting platform, and the rotating cylinder is installed at the end of the cantilever of the horizontal electric cylinder.

[0015] Further, the lower plate of the vertical lifting platform is provided with a fine adjustment screw for compensating for the installation error of the equipment and ensuring that the arrangement plate remains horizontal. The end of the cantilever of the horizontal electric cylinder is provided with a fine adjustment screw for compensating for the installation error of the equipment and ensuring that the extension direction of the electric cylinder is coplanar with the axis of the circular ring roller.

[0016] Further, the driving wheel comprises a driving gear, a fixed part and a movable part forming a rotary connection relationship. The driving gear is arranged on one side of the movable part, and the side edge of the movable part is provided with teeth corresponding to the driving gear along the circumferential direction, so that the rotation of the driving gear can drive the rotation of the movable part relative to the fixed part. The roller and the movable part are fixedly connected. A motor is fixedly arranged on the driving wheel support, and the driving gear and the output shaft of the motor are fixedly connected to form a synchronous rotation connection relationship.

[0017] The application also provides a method for three-dimensional ordered arrangement of diamond abrasive grains of the device, which comprises the following steps:

[0018] S1, pretreatment: using a high-frequency ion air nozzle to remove static electricity from the abrasive grains and the arrangement plate, using a demagnetizer to remove residual magnetism from the arrangement plate and the abrasive grains; pouring the treated abrasive grains into a circular ring roller;

[0019] S2, ordered arrangement: moving the arrangement plate to the feeding mechanism by the transplantation mechanism and making the front of the arrangement plate face upward, starting the feeding mechanism, rotating the circular ring roller, and driving the abrasive grains from the bottom to the top of the arrangement plate through the material groove on the circular ring roller, and then falling onto the arrangement plate; applying negative pressure to the cavity of the arrangement plate, tilting the arrangement plate, starting the vibrator, and absorbing the abrasive grains on the regular through holes of the arrangement plate, and the abrasive grains not absorbed are shaken and fall back to the lower material groove of the circular ring roller;

[0020] S3, transplantation: rotating the arrangement plate to the front downward by the transplantation mechanism and moving it above the designated surface, applying pulse positive pressure to the cavity of the arrangement plate, and starting the vibrator and the electromagnetic striker, and the abrasive grains on the arrangement plate fall onto the designated surface to form an ordered arrangement.

[0021] Further, the arrangement plate has two or more arrangement plates, wherein after the abrasive grains on one arrangement plate are arranged, the transplantation mechanism moves horizontally to make the arrangement plate leave the roller position, and another arrangement plate enters the roller position to arrange the abrasive grains; after the abrasive grains on all the arrangement plates are arranged, they are sent to the designated position to perform step S3, and the abrasive grains on the multiple arrangement plates are sequentially transferred to be efficiently and orderly arranged in different modes or different mode combinations.

[0022] The application also provides an additive manufacturing equipment comprising the aforementioned abrasive grain three-dimensional ordered arrangement device and an additive manufacturing device; the abrasive grain three-dimensional ordered arrangement device is installed as an expansion module beside the additive manufacturing device, and the printing area of the additive manufacturing device serves as the transplantation plane of the abrasive grain three-dimensional ordered arrangement device. Preferably, the additive manufacturing device is a selective laser melting (SLM) additive manufacturing device.

[0023] The application also provides a use method of the additive manufacturing equipment, which comprises the following steps:

[0024] Step one, performing the aforementioned step S1;

[0025] Step two, the SLM printer performs an initial program and scrapes the metal powder in the printing area;

[0026] Step three, performing the aforementioned step S2;

[0027] Step four, taking the printing area of the additive manufacturing device as the transplantation plane and performing the aforementioned step S3.

[0028] The application provides a device for three-dimensional ordered arrangement of diamond abrasive grains, which comprises an arrangement device, a feeding mechanism and a transplanting mechanism. The arrangement device is one of the core components for achieving ordered arrangement of diamond abrasive grains, and is composed of a negative pressure cup, an arrangement plate, a vibrator and an electromagnetic striker. Two through holes are formed in the bottom of the negative pressure cup for connecting an air pipe and leading out a signal line, respectively. The arrangement plate is provided with regularly arranged through holes, which are in sealing cooperation with the negative pressure cup to form a cavity. The vibrator and the electromagnetic striker are installed in the cavity, and ordered arrangement of diamond abrasive grains is achieved through negative pressure adsorption and vibration. The feeding mechanism adopts a circular ring roller design, and a plurality of material grooves are formed in the inside of the roller. The roller is driven to rotate by a driving wheel to realize continuous feeding of diamond abrasive grains. A baffle is installed at the bottom of the roller to recover unadsorbed abrasive grains. The transplanting mechanism is composed of a horizontal electric cylinder, a vertical lifting platform and a rotary cylinder to realize three-dimensional motion control of the arrangement device and ensure accurate transplantation of diamond abrasive grains to a designated position.

[0029] The application also provides a method for three-dimensional ordered arrangement of diamond abrasive grains based on the above device, which comprises four steps of pretreatment, ordered arrangement, transplantation and three-dimensional arrangement. First, the diamond abrasive grains and the arrangement plate are subjected to destatic and demagnetic treatment, then ordered arrangement is achieved through negative pressure adsorption and vibration, then the arranged abrasive grains are transplanted to a designated surface, and finally three-dimensional ordered arrangement is achieved in combination with SLM printing technology.

[0030] The application has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] 1. The device can achieve highly ordered arrangement of diamond abrasive grains, thereby significantly improving the consistency of abrasive grain tool performance.

[0032] 2. The arrangement efficiency and precision are improved through the combination of negative pressure adsorption and vibration. Excessive abrasive grains can be laid on the arrangement plate at one time, and the excess abrasive grains are removed through vibration combined with tilting of the arrangement device, thereby achieving high arrangement efficiency.

[0033] 3. The circular ring roller feeding is adopted to realize controllable and stable cyclic feeding of abrasive grains, improve the feeding efficiency, and effectively save abrasive grains.

[0034] 3. The device is perfectly combined with SLM additive manufacturing equipment technology to realize additive manufacturing of three-dimensional ordered arrangement of diamond abrasive grains.

[0035] 4. The device has reasonable structure and is easy to operate, and is suitable for industrial production.

[0036] 5. The installation error problem of the device is effectively solved through the design of a fine adjustment screw, thereby improving the arrangement precision and transplantation accuracy.

[0037] 6. The problem of uneven distribution of abrasive grains in the manufacture of traditional diamond abrasive grain tools is effectively solved. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the transplantation mechanism of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of the transplantation mechanism of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of a vertical lifting platform.

[0042] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism of the present invention, from another angle.

[0044] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism of the present invention, and Figure 5 The same angle, but the end of the layout unit connected to the layout plate is rotated upwards.

[0045] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the drive wheel of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 9 This is an exploded structural diagram of the feeding mechanism of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement unit of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement unit of the present invention, from another angle.

[0049] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the layout device of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of multiple micropores in the layout plate of the layout device of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the roller and abrasive particles in the roller according to the present invention.

[0052] Figure 15 This is a photograph of an actual object showing the orderly arrangement of abrasive grains on a mounting plate.

[0053] Figure 16 This is a flowchart illustrating the method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0055] Reference Figures 1 to 6 The device for three-dimensional ordered arrangement of diamond abrasive grains of the present application mainly comprises an arrangement unit 500 with an arrangement device, a feeding mechanism 400 and a transplanting mechanism 300. The feeding mechanism 400 and the transplanting mechanism 300 are both arranged on a base 100, the feeding mechanism 400 is located at one end of the transplanting mechanism 300, and the height of the printing chamber 210 of the additive manufacturing device 200 and the feeding mechanism 400 are approximately at the same horizontal line. The arrangement unit 500 is connected with the transplanting mechanism 300 and is arranged in the feeding mechanism 400.

[0056] Structure of the transplanting mechanism

[0057] As shown in Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the transplanting mechanism is composed of a horizontal electric cylinder 350, a vertical lifting platform, a rotary air cylinder 370, etc. The vertical lifting platform comprises a top plate 330, a bottom plate 310 and a vertical motion unit 380 (such as a motor or an air rod or a lead screw structure, etc.) arranged between the top plate 330 and the bottom plate 310 to make the top plate 330 move vertically relative to the bottom plate. A limiting stopper 320 is arranged at each corner between the top plate 330 and the bottom plate 310 to limit the movement distance of the top plate in the vertical direction. The horizontal electric cylinder 350 is installed on the top plate 330 of the vertical lifting platform and is responsible for the horizontal movement.

[0058] The rotary air cylinder 370 is installed at the end of the telescopic arm of the horizontal electric cylinder 350. The middle part of the rotary air cylinder 370 can rotate when high-pressure gas is introduced. The rotary air cylinder is a prior art and can be directly purchased.

[0059] A tank chain 360 is arranged beside the horizontal electric cylinder 350, and the wires and gas pipes are arranged in the tank chain 360, so that the wires and gas pipes are not messy and do not interfere with the operation.

[0060] Structure of the feeding mechanism

[0061] Referring to Figures 5 to 9 , the feeding mechanism comprises a driving wheel 420, a baffle 440, a roller 430, a driving wheel support 410 and the arrangement unit 500.

[0062] The driving wheel support 410 is mounted on the base 100, and the driving wheel 420 is fixedly mounted on the driving wheel support 410. The driving wheel 420 is in a circular ring shape, and includes a circular ring-shaped fixed part 423, a circular ring-shaped movable part 424, and a driving gear 422 in a rotary connection relationship. The movable part 424 is arranged on the side of the fixed part 423, coaxial with the fixed part 423, and can rotate coaxially relative to the fixed part 423. A plurality of screw fixing holes 425 are arranged on the movable part 424 in a circumferential direction. The driving gear 422 is arranged below the movable part 424, and the side edge of the movable part 424 is provided with corresponding teeth in the circumferential direction, so that the rotation of the driving gear 422 can drive the movable part 424 to rotate relative to the fixed part 423. Ball bearings or lubricating oil can be used between the movable part 424 and the fixed part to reduce friction.

[0063] The drum 430 is also in a circular ring shape, coaxially mounted with the driving wheel 420. The drum 430 has a flange 432 extending in a circumferential direction on one side, and a plurality of screw holes 433 are arranged on the flange 432 in a spaced manner. The number and position of the screw holes 433 correspond to the number and position of the screw fixing holes 425 on the movable part 424. Screws are used to fixedly connect the drum 430 and the movable part 424. Thus, the rotation of the driving gear 422 can drive the drum 430 to rotate relative to the fixed part 423. The motor 421 is fixedly arranged on the driving wheel support 410, and the driving gear 422 is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the motor 421 to form a synchronous rotary connection relationship.

[0064] The baffle 440 is an arc-shaped plate arranged inside the driving wheel 420 and the drum 430. The baffle 440 has a notch 441 in the center. The position of the notch 441 corresponds to the position of the drum 430, that is, they are in the same vertical direction.

[0065] A plurality of material grooves 431 are further formed in the inner wall of the drum 430 in a circumferential direction, for containing diamond abrasive grains. When the drum 430 rotates, the diamond abrasive grains in the material grooves 431 will fall onto the arrangement plate under the action of gravity. The baffle 440 is mounted on the driving wheel support 410, and is used to recover diamond abrasive grains that are not adsorbed by the arrangement plate, so as to realize the recycling of materials.

[0066] Structure of the arrangement device

[0067] As shown in Figures 10 to 12 The arrangement device is the main core component of the entire device. Taking the first arrangement device 520 as an example, the first arrangement device 520 mainly includes a negative pressure cup 524, an arrangement plate 529, an electromagnetic striker 528, a first vibrator 525, and a second vibrator 526.

[0068] The negative pressure cup 524 is the main structure of the distributor, the top of which is the negative pressure cup top plate 521, and the bottom of which is connected with the distribution plate 529. Two through holes are opened on the negative pressure cup top plate 521, in which a pneumatic quick connector 523 and a waterproof connector 522 are respectively installed. The pneumatic quick connector 523 is used for connecting an air pipe to achieve the application of negative pressure or positive pressure; and the waterproof connector 522 is used for leading out the signal lines of the vibrator and the electromagnetic striker.

[0069] The distribution plate 529 is a key component for realizing the ordered arrangement of diamond abrasive grains, and regular micro through holes (as shown in Figure 13 ) are opened on the distribution plate 529. The aperture of the through holes is accurately designed to be smaller than the particle diameter of the diamond abrasive grains to be arranged. For example, the aperture is 0.2-0.8 times, further preferably 0.3 times-0.7 times, of the particle diameter of the diamond abrasive grains to be arranged. For example, 0.3 times, 0.4 times, 0.5 times, 0.6 times, 0.7 times. Such a design can not only ensure that the diamond abrasive grains are reliably adsorbed, but also prevent multiple abrasive grains from being stuck in one through hole at the same time.

[0070] As shown in Figure 12 , the distribution plate 529 is detachably matched with the bottom end of the negative pressure cup 524 to form a sealed cavity. In order to improve the sealing performance of the device, the negative pressure cup 524 is also provided with at least one sealing ring.

[0071] The electromagnetic striker 528 is arranged in the negative pressure cup 524, and the electromagnetic striker 528 can touch the distribution plate 529 downward when moving under power. The electromagnetic striker 528 is matched with the negative pressure cup top plate 521 through the striker connecting piece 527, and is used for impacting the distribution plate during the implantation process to help the diamond abrasive grains fall off from the through holes. The left and right sides of the electromagnetic striker 528 are respectively provided with the first vibrator 525 and the second vibrator 526. The first vibrator 525 and the second vibrator 526 are respectively matched with the striker connecting piece 527 through the vibrator connecting piece to provide vibration force during the arrangement and implantation processes.

[0072] In a specific embodiment of the present application, the arrangement unit 500 includes two distributors, namely a first distributor 520 and a second distributor 530, which are fixed on the distributor fixing plate 510. Referring to Figure 10 , the distributor fixing plate is L-shaped, the horizontal part of the L-shaped plate is installed with two distributors, and the vertical part of the L-shaped plate is fixedly connected with the rotating part of the rotary cylinder 370. When the distributor is installed on the horizontal part of the L-shaped plate, the distribution plate passes through the horizontal part of the L-shaped plate downward.

[0073] In order to compensate for installation error generated during equipment erection, the bottom plate 310 of the vertical lifting platform is provided with a fine adjustment screw 340, and by adjusting the fine adjustment screw 340, it can be ensured that the arrangement plate is kept in a horizontal state. Meanwhile, the cantilever end of the horizontal electric cylinder 350 is also provided with a fine adjustment screw, which is used for adjusting the extension direction of the electric cylinder, so as to ensure that it is kept in line with the axis of the roller 430, thereby ensuring the accurate positioning of the arrangement device in the feeding process.

[0074] Method for three-dimensional ordered arrangement of diamond abrasive grains

[0075] Referring to Figure 16 Based on the above device, the application provides a method for three-dimensional ordered arrangement of diamond abrasive grains in a system, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0076] Step S1: pretreatment

[0077] Firstly, the arrangement plate 529 is disassembled, and a high-frequency ion air nozzle is used to remove static electricity from the diamond abrasive grains and the arrangement plate 529. The existence of static electricity will affect the normal adsorption of the diamond abrasive grains, and therefore it must be completely removed. Subsequently, a demagnetizer is used to demagnetize the residual magnetism of the arrangement plate and the diamond abrasive grains, so as to eliminate possible magnetic interference.

[0078] After the treatment is completed, the diamond abrasive grains are placed into the material groove 431 of the roller 430, and the arrangement plate is reinstalled onto the arrangement device. This step ensures the smooth progress of the subsequent arrangement process.

[0079] Step S2: ordered arrangement of diamond

[0080] The arrangement plate 529 of the arrangement device is moved to the arrangement station through the transplanting mechanism, the rotary air cylinder 370 is adjusted, the fixing plate 510 of the arrangement device is rotated, and then one end of the arrangement plate of the arrangement device is upward, and the arrangement device as a whole is located in the feeding area of the roller 430. The feeding mechanism is started, the roller 430 is uniformly rotated, and the diamond abrasive grains in the roller 430 are driven to fall downward to the arrangement plate 529 after being brought above the arrangement device. Figure 14 .

[0081] When the diamond abrasive grains begin to fall onto the arrangement plate 529, a negative pressure is applied to the cavity of the arrangement device through the pneumatic quick connector 523, and the first vibrator 525 and the second vibrator 526 in the arrangement device are started at the same time. Under the action of the negative pressure, the diamond abrasive grains are adsorbed by the through holes on the arrangement plate, and a regular arrangement is formed.

[0082] The vibrator is turned on. The vibrator prevents the abrasive grains from gathering in one hole and ensures that each hole only adsorbs one abrasive grain. The amplitude ranges from 0.2 mm to 1 mm, and the vibration frequency is 50-10000 Hz. In addition, the distributor plate of the distributor is tilted or downward in cooperation with the rotating cylinder 370. The diamond abrasive grains that are not adsorbed will fall onto the baffle 440 under the action of vibration, and then be recycled into the material groove 431 of the roller 430 through the gap 441, realizing the recycling of the material. After the arrangement is completed, the vibrator is turned off and the negative pressure is maintained to ensure that the arranged diamond abrasive grains do not fall off. See Figure 15 The physical diagram of the ordered arrangement of abrasive grains on the arrangement plate.

[0083] In this embodiment, two distributors are provided, so the arrangement of diamond abrasive grains is carried out in two steps, that is, the first distributor is arranged first, and then the second distributor is sent to the corresponding position of the roller 430 for arrangement.

[0084] Step S3: Diamond abrasive grain transplantation

[0085] After the arrangement is completed, the horizontal electric cylinder 350 of the transplantation mechanism works to horizontally send the distributor at the end of the telescopic cantilever of the horizontal electric cylinder 350 into the printing chamber 210 of the additive manufacturing device 200. The arrangement plate 529 of the distributor moves to the position directly above the transplantation surface (such as the printing area of the SLM printer), for example, a height of 0.1 mm-10 mm. Preferably, the height is 0.2 mm-5 mm, which can ensure that the diamond abrasive grains accurately fall to the specified position and avoid collision between the arrangement plate and the transplantation surface.

[0086] Next, the negative pressure in the cavity of the distributor is released and a pulse positive pressure is applied through the pneumatic quick connector 523, and the pulse action time is 0.2-1.5 seconds. The first vibrator 525 and the second vibrator 526 are started again, and then the electromagnetic hammer 528 is started to hit the arrangement plate 529 twice, with a hitting time of 0.1-0.5 milliseconds and a hitting force of 0.5-1.5 N. Under the combined action of multiple positive pressures, vibrations and hits, the diamond abrasive grains arranged in order on the arrangement plate all fall onto the transplantation surface, completing the transplantation process.

[0087] Step S4: Realize three-dimensional ordered arrangement

[0088] In combination with the working principle of the SLM printer, after the transplantation of the diamond abrasive grains transferred by the first distributor (for example, the first distributor 520) of the current layer is completed, the printer prints the current layer, and then the printing area is lowered by one layer and a layer of printing powder (for example, the diamond abrasive grains transferred by the second distributor 530) is laid again. Repeat steps S2 and S3 to alternately use two or more distributors to improve efficiency.

[0089] Through the layer-by-layer superposition, the three-dimensional ordered arrangement of the diamond abrasive grains is finally realized, and a high-performance diamond abrasive grain tool is manufactured. The grain missing arrangement rate in the tool is less than 0.5%, and the misplacement rate is less than 1%. The performance of the manufactured abrasive tool is significantly improved compared with the conventional process, the processing efficiency is increased by more than one-third, and the service life is doubled.

[0090] The technical scheme of the present application not only solves the problem of uneven distribution of abrasive grains in the manufacturing of conventional diamond abrasive grain tools, but also provides a feasible technical path for the industrial production of diamond abrasive grain tools. The device structure is reasonable, the operation is simple, and it has good industrial application prospect.

[0091] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present application, but the design concept of the present application is not limited thereto, and any non-essential modification of the present application using this concept shall be deemed as an infringement of the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An apparatus for three-dimensional ordered arrangement of abrasive particles, characterized by, The device comprises an arranger, a feeding mechanism and a transplanting mechanism, wherein: The arranger comprises a negative pressure cup, an arrangement plate, a vibrator and an electromagnetic striker. The top of the negative pressure cup is provided with at least two through holes, wherein at least one through hole is connected with an air pipe through a pneumatic quick connector, and the other through hole is connected with a signal line and a power line through connectors. The arrangement plate is arranged at the bottom of the negative pressure cup, and the arrangement plate is provided with a plurality of regular through holes for adsorbing abrasive particles. The arrangement plate and the negative pressure cup are sealingly matched to form a cavity with regular through holes. The vibrator and the electromagnetic striker are installed in the cavity of the negative pressure cup. When the electromagnetic striker moves, it can hit the arrangement plate. The feeding mechanism comprises a circular ring roller, a baffle and a driving wheel. The inner wall of the circular ring roller is provided with a plurality of material grooves in the circumferential direction. The arranger is arranged in the circular ring roller, and the baffle is arranged between the inner wall of the circular ring roller and the arranger. The baffle has a gap in the same vertical direction as the circular ring roller to transfer the excess abrasive particles back to the roller. The driving wheel is coaxially arranged with the circular ring roller and can drive the rotation of the circular ring roller. The transplanting mechanism comprises at least an X-axis movement unit and a rotating unit arranged at one end or one side of the X-axis movement unit. The arranger is connected with the rotating unit to form a synchronous rotation connection relationship.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The arranger has at least two arrangers arranged on an arranger fixing plate. The arranger fixing plate and the rotating unit form a synchronous rotation connection relationship.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the abrasive particles are arranged in a three- dimensional order. The diameter of the regular through holes on the arrangement plate is smaller than the particle size of the diamond abrasive particles to be arranged.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the abrasive particles are arranged in a three- dimensional order. The transplanting mechanism comprises a horizontal electric cylinder, a vertical lifting platform and a rotating cylinder. The X-axis movement unit is a horizontal electric cylinder, and the rotating unit is a rotating cylinder. The horizontal electric cylinder is installed on the vertical lifting platform, and the rotating cylinder is installed at the end of the cantilever of the horizontal electric cylinder.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the abrasive particles are arranged in a three- dimensional order. The lower plate of the vertical lifting platform is provided with a fine adjustment screw for compensating for equipment installation errors and ensuring that the arrangement plate remains horizontal. The end of the cantilever of the horizontal electric cylinder is provided with a fine adjustment screw for compensating for equipment installation errors and ensuring that the extension direction of the electric cylinder is coplanar with the axis of the circular ring roller.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the abrasive particles are arranged in a three- dimensional order. The driving wheel comprises a driving gear and a fixed part and a movable part forming a rotary connection relationship. The driving gear is arranged on one side of the movable part, and the side edge of the movable part is provided with teeth corresponding to the driving gear in the circumferential direction, so that the rotation of the driving gear can drive the rotation of the movable part relative to the fixed part. The roller and the movable part are fixedly connected. A motor is fixedly arranged on the driving wheel support, and the driving gear and the output shaft of the motor are fixedly connected to form a synchronous rotation connection relationship.

7. A method for three-dimensional ordered arrangement of diamond abrasive particles using the apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The device comprises the following steps: S1, pretreatment: using a high-frequency ion wind nozzle to remove static electricity from the abrasive particles and the arrangement plate, and using a demagnetizer to remove residual magnetism from the arrangement plate and the abrasive particles; pouring the treated abrasive particles into the circular ring roller; S2, orderly arrangement: moving the arranger to the feeding mechanism through the transplanting mechanism and making the arrangement plate face upward, starting the feeding mechanism, rotating the circular ring roller, and driving the abrasive particles in the material grooves to move from the bottom to the upper side of the arrangement plate, and then falling onto the arrangement plate. Apply negative pressure to the cavity of the distributor, tilt the distributor, start the vibrator, and the abrasive particles are adsorbed by the regular through holes on the distributor plate. The abrasive particles that are not adsorbed are vibrated and fall back to the material trough at the bottom of the annular roller. S3. Transplantation: The transplantation mechanism rotates the arrangement plate to face down and moves it above the designated surface. A pulsed positive pressure is applied to the arrangement device cavity, and the vibrator and electromagnetic striker are activated, causing the abrasive grains on the arrangement plate to fall onto the designated surface. The distribution pattern of the abrasive grains on the arrangement plate is copied to the designated surface to form an orderly arrangement.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, When there are two or more abrasive grain arrangers, after the abrasive grains on one of the abrasive grain arrangers are arranged, the transplanting mechanism moves horizontally to move the abrasive grain arranger away from the roller position, and the other abrasive grain arranger enters the roller position to arrange the abrasive grains; after the abrasive grains on all the abrasive grain arrangers are arranged, they are sent to the designated position to execute step S3, so that the abrasive grains on multiple abrasive grain arrangers are transferred sequentially and arranged in an orderly manner.

9. An additive manufacturing apparatus, characterized by The invention includes the abrasive three-dimensional ordered arrangement device and additive manufacturing device as described in any one of claims 1 to 6; the abrasive three-dimensional ordered arrangement device is installed as an extension module next to the additive manufacturing device, and the printing area of ​​the additive manufacturing device is used as the transfer plane of the abrasive three-dimensional ordered arrangement device.

10. A method of using an additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 9, characterised in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Perform step S1; Pretreatment: High-frequency ion nozzles are used to remove static electricity from the abrasive particles and the arrangement plate, and a demagnetizer is used to remove residual magnetism from the arrangement plate and the abrasive particles. The processed abrasive grains are poured into the annular roller; the additive manufacturing equipment is initialized, including setting the 3D model import, the diamond arrangement pattern of each layer, and related parameter settings; Step 2: The additive manufacturing equipment performs powder spreading and scrapes the metal powder in the printing area to form the surface to be printed; Step 3: Execute step S2, orderly arrangement: Move the arranger to the feeding mechanism through the transplanting mechanism and make the arrangement plate face up. Start the feeding mechanism, the circular roller rotates, and the material trough on it drives the abrasive particles from the bottom to the top of the arrangement plate, and then they fall onto the arrangement plate. Apply negative pressure to the cavity of the distributor, tilt the distributor, start the vibrator, and the abrasive particles are adsorbed by the regular through holes on the distributor plate. The abrasive particles that are not adsorbed are vibrated and fall back to the material trough at the bottom of the annular roller. Step 4: Using the printing surface from Step 2 as the transfer plane, execute Step S3. Rotate the layout plate to face down and move it above the designated surface using the transfer mechanism. Apply pulsed positive pressure to the layout device cavity and start the vibrator and electromagnetic impact pin. The abrasive particles on the layout plate fall onto the designated surface, and the distribution pattern of the abrasive particles on the layout plate is copied to the designated surface to form an orderly arrangement. Step 5: The additive manufacturing equipment starts the laser and scans the surface to be printed according to the set scanning mode to complete one printing surface; Step 6: Repeat steps 2, 3, and 4 to obtain N layers of printed surfaces stacked together, thereby forming an abrasive body with a set three-dimensional structure and controllable distribution of internal abrasive particles.

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