A kind of impact-resistant wear-resistant copper plate material for laser composite manufacturing precision forging machine and its preparation method

Abstract

The application belongs to copper alloy material for laser additive manufacturing, and particularly relates to a kind of copper plate material for laser composite manufacturing precision forging machine impact resistance wear resistance and preparation method thereof.Copper alloy material is added solid lubricant Ni-M O S2 and wear-resistant hard phase TiB2 copper-based alloy powder, including the following mass percentage components: Ni-M O S2 powder 1%-10%, TiB2 powder 5%-15%, the balance is copper-based alloy powder; Copper-based alloy powder is including the following mass percentage components: 5%-12% Ni, 9%-10% Sn, 4%-5% Fe, 0.2%-1% Al, 0.3%-0.8% Co, 1.2%-5.5% Ti, the balance is copper.The application is cladded after adopting coating material to the surface of base material, with excellent impact resistance, the wear and tear amount within the service life is equal to imported, but the overall manufacturing cost is far lower than imported copper plate;Using composite manufacturing method, while guaranteeing service life, it can reduce enterprise production cost.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to copper alloy materials for laser additive manufacturing, in particular to a kind of copper plate material for laser composite manufacturing precision forging machine impact and wear resistance and preparation method thereof. TECHNICAL BACKGROUND

[0002] Precision forging machine is also called "radial forging machine", it is one of the most advanced forging equipment in the world. The main machine is transmitted to the eccentric shaft arranged symmetrically through a set of gears to drive the corresponding connecting rod to make reciprocating motion, to realize the continuous forging process. Precision forging machine has high forging frequency, fast speed, small deformation per time, can realize direct processing from blank to finished product. At the same time, multiple hammers simultaneously from multiple directions, so that the metal deformation is in a multi-directional compression stress state, which is beneficial to improve the plasticity of metal. Radial forging machine frequency is 200-1000 times / min, forging frequency is high, the heat generated by the impact of blank can offset the heat loss to the environment, the temperature change of blank during processing is very small; Therefore, it is also called isothermal forging machine. Because of the characteristics of isothermal forging, it is more suitable for the production of high alloy high speed steel, die steel, bearing steel, titanium alloy and other materials with narrow processing temperature range and difficult deformation. In addition, precision forging machine has high automation degree, the precision of forged parts produced is high, and the performance of forged products is more excellent. At present, most of the existing precision forging machines in China are imported equipment, and the total price of the equipment is expensive. With the extension of use time, the wear of many core components affects the overall precision of forging, and then affects the product quality. The value of imported spare parts is high, and the maintenance cost is large. With the continuous increase of China's foreign trade friction with foreign countries, the originally long supply cycle has increased a lot of uncertainty, which seriously affects the normal production of steel plant.

[0003] At present, the copper plate spare parts of precision forging machine are imported whole copper parts, which are fixed on the rack by bolts. The eccentric shaft of copper plate rotates to drive the slider to move and impact and slide with frequency, which can reach 200-1000 times / min. The copper plate is required to have certain strength to ensure that it does not break under continuous impact and wear, and the copper plate has certain energy absorption effect to relieve the continuous impact of the slider on the copper plate. At the same time, the copper plate also requires excellent wear resistance, and the copper plate cannot be used when the wear reaches 2mm. The deformation of offline copper plate is usually large due to continuous impact, which is due to the low strength of the whole copper plate, and the fixed bolt may be broken in severe cases, causing accidents.

[0004] Based on the copper plate exists import piece value is high, the supply cycle is long and so on unpredictable risk, therefore core component localization is imperative, there are many research institutes in domestic research selection different copper alloy replaces imported copper plate, the effect always cannot reach the imported level. The copper plate of laser additive manufacturing adopted by the application is a steel-copper composite structure, the substrate is preferably high-strength steel, and wear-resistant copper alloy is laser cladded on the steel, which is much higher in strength than copper and does not have the risk of fracture. At the same time, the laser cladding powder has high flexibility, and different alloy elements can be added to realize copper alloy solid solution strengthening, thereby improving the strength and wear resistance of the copper layer. SUMMARY

[0005] Based on the problems existing in the prior art, the application aims to provide a laser composite manufacturing impact-resistant and wear-resistant copper plate material for precision forging machines and a preparation method thereof. The application comprises a whole composite manufacturing technology, including blank selection, coating material and process method. After the coating material is cladded on the surface of the substrate, the application has excellent impact resistance, and the wear amount within the service life is the same as that of the imported copper plate, but the overall manufacturing cost is much lower than that of the imported copper plate; the composite manufacturing method can reduce the production cost of enterprises while ensuring the service life.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application adopts the following technical solutions.

[0007] A laser composite manufacturing impact-resistant and wear-resistant copper alloy material for precision forging machines, the alloy material is a copper-based alloy powder added with solid lubricant Ni-M O S2 and wear-resistant hard phase TiB2, which comprises the following mass percentage components: Ni-M O S2 powder 1%-10%, TiB2 powder 5%-15%, and the balance being copper-based alloy powder.

[0008] Further, the copper-based alloy powder comprises the following mass percentage components: 5%-12% Ni, 9%-10% Sn, 4%-5% Fe, 0.2%-1% Al, 0.3%-0.8% Co, 1.2%-5.5% Ti, and the balance being copper.

[0009] Preferably, the Ni-M O The particle size of the S2 powder is 200~+300 mesh, and the purity is more than 99%.

[0010] Preferably, the particle size of the TiB2 powder is-800~+500 mesh, and the purity is more than 99%.

[0011] Preferably, the particle size of the copper-based alloy powder is-125~+300 mesh.

[0012] A preparation method of a laser composite manufacturing impact-resistant and wear-resistant copper plate material for precision forging machines, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0013] Step 1, adopt the base material blank, material 42CrMo quenching and tempering steel heat treatment, heat treatment hardness 32~35HRC, tensile strength >1100Mpa;

[0014] Step 2, then machine turning to the specified size, after machining, install on the special tooling, fixed with bolts, prevent deformation during cladding;

[0015] Step 3, prepare functional layer alloy powder, the powder is mixed by a powder mixer, the uniformly mixed powder is used for cladding the surface of the copper plate according to the laser cladding process parameters, and the mass percentage of the functional layer alloy powder is as follows: Ni-M O S2 powder 1%-10%, TiB2 powder 5%-15%, and the balance is copper-based alloy powder; the copper-based alloy powder comprises the following mass percentage components: 5%-12% Ni, 9%-10% Sn, 4%-5% Fe, 0.2%-1% Al, 0.3%-0.8% Co, 1.2%-5.5% Ti, and the balance is copper;

[0016] Step 4, after cladding, perform surface flaw detection, and after passing the surface flaw detection, perform heat treatment, the heat treatment process is 520 DEG C, heat preservation for 2 hours, and air cooling;

[0017] Step 5, perform grinding processing to the size requirement.

[0018] Further, the laser cladding process parameters in step 3 are as follows: powder feeding amount 20g / min-35g / min, laser power 2.5kw-3.0kw, spot diameter 4.0mm, scanning speed 800mm / min-1500mm / min, step 1.7mm, overlap rate 40~60%, and single layer cladding thickness 0.8mm-1.7mm.

[0019] Further, the special tooling in step 2 is an atmosphere protection cover with local atmosphere protection, so that the cladding process is stable, and the oxygen analyzer determines that it reaches 50ppm, ensuring the purity of the organization.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages.

[0021] (1) The cladding material of the laser cladding precision forging machine copper plate provided by the present application adds the solid lubricant Ni-M O S2 with a particle size range optimized; O S2 is added alone, which causes decomposition after cladding due to its low melting point, and cannot play a role in reducing friction and lubrication, and by coating M O S2 with Ni, it can maintain its good form after laser action and uniformly distribute in the cladding layer, and play a good lubricating and wear-reducing role.

[0022] (2) Add TiB2 with preferred particle size range, which can dissolve and re-precipitate uniform hard phase after laser cladding, and present irregular spherical morphology, which can well act as wear-resistant support and has good wettability with copper matrix, and the strength and toughness of the matrix and the good wear-resistant support of wear-resistant particles play a role together; meanwhile, TiB2 can promote the formation of more nucleation during copper crystallization, and the grain size is more fine, thereby having good fatigue performance.

[0023] (3) The copper alloy is solid solution strengthened by adding alloying elements, so as to have good strength and high hardness; in the application, Ni, Sn, Ti, Co, Al and Fe strengthening elements are added, the addition of Ni can improve the segregation during the cladding process of the copper alloy, and when a proper amount is added, the cladding layer of the copper alloy is uniform in structure, thereby being uniform in hardness; a certain amount of Ti can generate Cu3Ti during the aging process of heat treatment, thereby producing aging hardening effect; a small amount of Co can promote the precipitation of Cu3Ti, thereby obtaining more uniform precipitated hard phase.

[0024] (4) The addition of Ni in the application can inhibit the solid solubility of Sn in copper, and the supersaturated copper-based solid solution can precipitate (CuNi)3Sn phase during the aging process, thereby strengthening the matrix, and through a proper aging heat treatment system, the hardness of the cladding layer can be increased from 170 HV to about 280 HV.

[0025] (5) The addition of a certain amount of Al has a positive effect, and the addition of Al can effectively eliminate oxygen during the cladding process, so that the structure is pure, and the generation of brittle SnO2 phase in the presence of oxygen can affect the performance of the copper alloy.

[0026] (6) The application adds Ni-MoS2 for lubrication and wear reduction, which can ensure the original form after laser cladding; meanwhile, TiB2 wear-resistant hard phase, which is dissolved and re-precipitated, is added in the copper matrix for wear resistance, and is uniformly distributed in the copper matrix with a size of about 3-5 μm and good morphology, thereby greatly improving the wear resistance of the copper alloy; and the MoS2 for wear reduction interacts with each other, has small friction coefficient and high wear resistance.

[0027] (7) The application is the development and research of localization of core components of imported high-end equipment, can replace the imported copper alloy whole piece, adopts low-carbon steel forgings meeting the performance requirements, and prepares high-elastic wear-resistant copper alloy coating by composite laser cladding technology, which not only plays a key role of core components, but also greatly reduces the replacement cost of enterprise core spare parts, and can bring great economic benefits to enterprises. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application more clear, the present application is further described in detail below with examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the present application and not to limit the present application.

[0029] A kind of for laser composite manufacturing precision forging machine impact-resistant wear-resistant copper alloy material, the alloy material is added solid lubricant Ni-M O S2 and wear-resistant hard phase TiB2 Copper-based alloy powder, including the following mass percentage components: Ni-M O S2 powder 1%-10%, TiB2 powder 5%-15%, the balance is copper-based alloy powder.

[0030] Further, the copper-based alloy powder is including the following mass percentage components: 5%-12% Ni, 9%-10% Sn, 4%-5% Fe, 0.2%-1% Al, 0.3%-0.8% Co, 1.2%-5.5% Ti, and the balance is copper.

[0031] Preferably, Ni-M O S2 powder particle size is 200~+300 mesh, and the purity is above 99%.

[0032] Preferably, TiB2 powder particle size is-800~+500 mesh, and the purity is above 99%.

[0033] Preferably, the copper-based alloy powder particle size is-125~+300 mesh.

[0034] A kind of for laser composite manufacturing precision forging machine impact-resistant wear-resistant copper plate material preparation method, specific steps are as follows:

[0035] Step 1, using base material blank, material 42CrMo quenching and tempering steel heat treatment, after heat treatment hardness 32~35HRC, tensile strength >1100Mpa;

[0036] Step 2, then machine turning to the specified size, after machining, install in special tooling, fixed with bolt, prevent deformation during cladding;

[0037] Step 3, preparation functional layer alloy powder, powder is mixed by powder mixer, mixed uniform powder is used to carry out copper plate surface cladding according to laser cladding process parameters, and the mass percentage ratio of functional layer alloy powder is as follows: Ni-M O S2 powder 1%-10%, TiB2 powder 5%-15%, the balance is copper-based alloy powder;Copper-based alloy powder includes the following mass percentage components: 5%-12% Ni, 9%-10% Sn, 4%-5% Fe, 0.2%-1% Al, 0.3%-0.8% Co, 1.2%-5.5% Ti, and the balance is copper.

[0038] Step 4, after cladding, surface inspection is carried out, and after passing the surface inspection, heat treatment is carried out, the heat treatment process is 520 DEG C, heat preservation for 2-5 hours, air cooling;

[0039] Step 5, grinding processing is carried out to the size requirement.

[0040] Further, in step 3, the laser cladding process parameters are: powder feeding amount 20g / min-35g / min, laser power 2.5kw-3.0kw, spot diameter 4.0mm, scanning speed 800mm / min-1500mm / min, step 1.7mm, overlap rate 40~60%, single layer cladding thickness 0.8mm-1.7mm.

[0041] Further, in step 2, the special tooling is an atmosphere protection cover with local atmosphere protection, so that the cladding process is stable, and the oxygen analyzer is determined to reach 50ppm, ensuring the purity of the organization.

[0042] Example 1.

[0043] A preparation method of a copper plate material for laser composite manufacturing of a precision forging machine impact-resistant and wear-resistant copper plate material, comprising the following steps:

[0044] Step 1, alloy powder ratio and mixing:

[0045] It comprises the following mass percentage components: Ni-M O S2 powder 5%, TiB2 powder 10%, and the balance is copper-based alloy powder; the copper-based alloy powder comprises the following mass percentage components: 5% Ni, 9.5% Sn, 4.5% Fe, 0.5% Al, 0.3% Co, 2.5% Ti, and the balance is copper;

[0046] Ni-M O The particle size of S2 powder is 200~+300 mesh, and the purity is more than 99%; the particle size of TiB2 powder is-800~+500 mesh, and the purity is more than 99%; the particle size of copper-based alloy powder is-125~+300 mesh;

[0047] Step 2, powder mixing is carried out by using a powder mixer, and the mixing time is not less than 2h;

[0048] Step 3, copper plate manufacturing of the precision forging machine: using a fiber laser, the specific process parameters are: powder feeding amount 25g / min, laser power 3kw, spot diameter 4mm, scanning speed 1000mm / min, overlap rate 50%, single layer cladding thickness 1.0mm;

[0049] Step 4, after cladding, surface inspection is carried out, and after passing the surface inspection, heat treatment is carried out, the heat treatment process is 520 DEG C, heat preservation for 2 hours, air cooling;

[0050] Step 5, grinding processing to size requirements.

[0051] After hardness detection, it can reach 285HV; the hardness of imported copper plate is 170-180HV, which is increased by 62% compared with the imported copper plate.

[0052] The copper plate of a steel forging machine manufactured by the process is used online, with a wear of 0.45mm and surface wear marks after one year of use. After grinding, it can be used online again. The imported copper plate has a wear of 0.5-0.6mm after one year of use, which slightly improves the service life compared with the imported one. However, the price of imported large copper plate is 7-8 million per piece, and the price of laser composite steel copper copper plate is only 1 / 3 of the imported one, which has a high cost performance.

[0053] Example 2.

[0054] A preparation method of a laser composite manufacturing precision forging machine impact and wear-resistant copper plate material, comprising the following steps:

[0055] Step 1, proportioning and mixing of alloy powder:

[0056] A copper alloy material for laser cladding, comprising the following mass percentage components: Ni-M O S2 powder 10%, TiB2 powder 12%, and the balance of copper-based alloy powder; the copper-based alloy powder comprises the following mass percentage components: 10% Ni, 10% Sn, 4.5% Fe, 0.8% Al, 0.8% Co, 4.5% Ti, and the balance of copper;

[0057] Ni-M O The particle size of S2 powder is 200~+300 mesh, and the purity is more than 99%; the particle size of TiB2 powder is -800~+500 mesh, and the purity is more than 99%; the particle size of copper-based alloy powder is -125~+300 mesh;

[0058] Step 2, powder mixing by using a powder mixer, and the mixing time is not less than 2h;

[0059] Step 3, manufacturing of precision forging machine copper plate: using a fiber laser, and the specific process parameters are: powder feeding amount 25g / min, laser power 3kw, spot diameter 4mm, scanning speed 1000mm / min, overlap rate 50%, and single layer cladding thickness 1.0mm;

[0060] Step 4, after cladding, surface flaw detection is qualified, and then heat treatment is carried out, and the heat treatment process is 520℃, holding for 3 hours, and air cooling;

[0061] Step 5, grinding processing to size requirements.

[0062] The hardness can reach 280HV after hardness detection; the hardness of imported copper plate is 170-180HV, which is increased by 61% compared with the hardness of imported copper plate.

[0063] The copper plate of a steel plant precision forging machine manufactured by the process is used online, the wear amount is 0.4mm after one year of use, and there are wear traces on the surface, and the copper plate can be used online again after grinding. The wear amount of imported copper plate can reach 0.5mm after one year of use, and the service life is slightly improved compared with the imported one. However, the price of imported large copper plate is 7-8 million per piece, and the price of laser composite steel copper copper plate is only 1 / 3 of the imported one, which has high cost performance.

Claims

1. A method for preparing impact-resistant and wear-resistant copper plate material for laser composite manufacturing precision forging machines, characterized in that, The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Use a base blank made of 42CrMo quenched and tempered steel. After heat treatment, the hardness is 32~35HRC and the tensile strength is >1100Mpa. Step 2: Then machine to the predetermined size, and install on a special tooling after machining, and fix with bolts to prevent deformation during the cladding process; Step 3: Prepare functional layer alloy powder. The powder is mixed using a powder mixer. The uniformly mixed powder is used for cladding on the copper plate surface according to the laser cladding process parameters. The mass percentage ratio of the functional layer alloy powder is as follows: Ni-coated MoS2 powder 1%-10%, TiB2 powder 5%-15%, and the balance is copper-based alloy powder. The copper-based alloy powder includes the following mass percentage components: 5%-12% Ni, 9%-10% Sn, 4%-5% Fe, 0.2%-1% Al, 0.3%-0.8% Co, 1.2%-5.5% Ti, and the balance is copper. Step 4: After cladding, surface flaw detection is performed. If the surface passes the inspection, heat treatment is carried out. The heat treatment process is 520℃, held for 2 hours, and then air-cooled. Step 5: Grind the material to the required dimensions; In step 2, the special tooling is an atmosphere protection hood with local atmosphere protection, which makes the cladding process stable and ensures that the oxygen content reaches 50 ppm as measured by an oxygen analyzer, thus guaranteeing the purity of the tissue.

2. The method for preparing laser composite manufacturing impact-resistant and wear-resistant copper plate material for precision forging machines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser cladding process parameters in step 3 are as follows: powder feed rate 20g / min-35g / min, laser power 2.5kw-3.0kw, spot diameter 4.0mm, scanning speed 800mm / min-1500mm / min, step 1.7mm, overlap rate 40~60%, and single-layer cladding thickness 0.8mm-1.7mm.

3. The method for preparing laser composite manufacturing impact-resistant and wear-resistant copper plate material for precision forging machines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The copper-based alloy powder has a particle size of -125 to +300 mesh.