Device and method for measuring two-dimensional force of metal component under high-speed rub-impact condition

Abstract

The invention discloses a two-dimensional force measuring device and measuring method for a metal component under a high-speed rub-impact condition, and the device comprises a sliding table module which is used for installing a cartridge receiver test piece, and is used for being driven by the outside to move towards a simulation blade or away from the simulation blade, so as to enable the test piece to rub against the simulation blade; the feeding system comprises a first driving mechanism, and the first driving mechanism is in driving connection with the sliding table module; the data acquisition system comprises a detection unit arranged between the output end of the first driving mechanism and the sliding table module, the detection unit is a two-dimensional force sensor and is used for acquiring positive pressure and friction force during rub-impact, and the data acquisition system is further used for recording acquired positive pressure and friction force data. A two-dimensional force sensor arranged between the output end of a first driving mechanism and a sliding table module of the measuring device is used for collecting positive pressure and friction force during rub-impact, rub-impact contact load change characteristic data of a test piece are detected and obtained, and effective measurement of the contact force under a real working condition is achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of aero-engines, in particular, to a two-dimensional force measuring device under high-speed rubbing conditions of a metal component. Furthermore, the present application also relates to a two-dimensional force measuring method under high-speed rubbing conditions of a metal component comprising the two-dimensional force measuring device under high-speed rubbing conditions of the metal component. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous improvement of the thrust-to-weight ratio of aero-engines, the "titanium fire" failure has become a major hidden danger for the service safety of aero-engines. Due to the complex multi-field coupling environment of titanium fire, the lack of quantitative characteristic data and theoretical models of component-level combustion, the controllability of combustion is poor, the reproducibility is poor, and the actual working conditions of aerospace power engines are difficult to guide the selection and research of working condition materials and coating, and it is also difficult to effectively evaluate the combustion and coating protection performance of materials.

[0003] Therefore, it is urgent to design and prepare a component-level combustion test platform simulating the service working conditions of aero-engines from the principle of combustion, and to carry out systematic and in-depth research on the combustion behavior and mechanism of aero-engine components. By obtaining the characteristic database of rubbing gap and temperature rise, rubbing characteristics and combustion boundary, a quantitative theoretical model similar to the combustion threshold of materials and components is established to guide the design of sealing coating protection, realize the quantitative evaluation ability of the titanium fire performance and service performance of the coating component, and provide theoretical, data and platform support for the ignition mechanism, gap control and fireproof design of the engine.

[0004] However, according to the current literature and related material reports, the existing simulation of aero-engine working condition rubbing equipment does not focus on the mechanical sensing device, and mostly uses conventional mechanical sensors, which cannot achieve effective measurement of contact force under the interference working conditions of aero-engine environment, and also cannot capture the load change law of the test piece rubbing. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a two-dimensional force measuring device and measuring method under high-speed rubbing conditions of a metal component to solve the technical problem that the existing simulation of aero-engine working condition rubbing equipment does not focus on the mechanical sensing device, mostly uses conventional mechanical sensors, which cannot achieve effective measurement of contact force under the interference working conditions of aero-engine environment, and also cannot capture the load change law of the test piece rubbing.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present application, a two-dimensional force measuring device under high-speed rubbing conditions of a metal component is provided, comprising:

[0007] A sliding table module is used to install the test piece through the loading shaft system, and is used to move towards the simulated blade or away from the simulated blade under the external driving to rub the test piece with the simulated blade;

[0008] The feeding system comprises a first driving mechanism for providing power, which is in driving connection with the slide module;

[0009] The data acquisition system comprises a detection unit arranged on the loading shaft system, wherein the detection unit is a two-dimensional force sensor for collecting normal pressure and friction force during the rubbing, and the data acquisition system is further used for recording the normal pressure and friction force data collected by the two-dimensional force sensor.

[0010] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the two-dimensional force sensor comprises a shell, which is a double-layer structure and is formed with a sandwich cavity, and the sandwich cavity is respectively provided with a liquid inlet for introducing cooling liquid and a liquid outlet for discharging cooling liquid.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the first driving mechanism comprises a servo motor and a speed reducer, the speed reducer is connected with a ball screw through a transmission shaft system, and the slide module is arranged on the ball screw.

[0012] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the simulation blade is arranged on the output end of the second driving mechanism, and the second driving mechanism is used for driving the simulation blade to rotate circumferentially.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the data acquisition system further comprises a charge amplifier arranged in matching with the detection unit; the lead of the slide module is 10±2 mm; the rated power of the servo motor matches the lead of the slide module and the horizontal loading force; and the two-dimensional force sensor meets the conditions of normal pressure ±10 KN and tangential force ±4 KN.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present application, a two-dimensional force measurement method under high-speed rubbing condition of a metal component is also provided, which is applied to the two-dimensional force measurement device under high-speed rubbing condition of the metal component, and the measurement method comprises the following steps:

[0015] S1. Calibration of the two-dimensional force sensor;

[0016] S2. Definition of the starting rubbing position;

[0017] S3. Rubbing test and data acquisition.

[0018] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, step S1 comprises:

[0019] S 11. A set of standard forces is applied to the two-dimensional force sensor;

[0020] S12. The actual force value displayed in real time by the force gauge is taken as an input to calibrate the stress value, and the data acquisition of each calibration point of the friction force and the pressure is completed respectively;

[0021] S13. Calculate the proportional coefficient to make the system display value consistent with the force display value.

[0022] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, step S2 comprises:

[0023] The test piece of the machine case is fed at a preset low speed by the feeding system, and when the two-dimensional force sensor monitors that the force value fluctuation is 5-10 N, the monitored force value fluctuation position is taken as a starting point.

[0024] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, step S3 comprises:

[0025] The slide table module retreats by a stroke A based on the starting point position; the feeding stroke of the slide table is set as A+X, and the feeding time is set, X being a test value.

[0026] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, step S3 comprises:

[0027] The simulation blade rotates at a preset rotating speed, the slide table module is controlled by the feeding system to feed at a preset feeding speed and rub for a preset time, and the data acquisition system collects and records the normal pressure and friction force data in the rubbing process.

[0028] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] In addition to the purposes, features and advantages described above, the present application has other purposes, features and advantages. The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] The accompanying drawings, which form a part of this application, are included to provide a further understanding of the application, illustrate the preferred embodiment of the application and assist in

[0032] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 2 is a curve diagram of the interface rub-impact contact load variation of embodiment one of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present application can be implemented in various different ways as defined and covered below.

[0035] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a curve diagram of the interface rub-impact contact load variation of embodiment one of the present application.

[0036] As shown in Figure 1 , the two-dimensional force measuring device of the metal member under high-speed rub-impact condition of the present embodiment comprises:

[0037] a sliding table module, used for mounting the test piece in the loading shaft system and moving towards the simulated blade or away from the simulated blade under the external driving to rub-impact the test piece with the simulated blade;

[0038] a feeding system, comprising a first driving mechanism for providing power, and the first driving mechanism is drivingly connected with the sliding table module;

[0039] a data acquisition system, comprising a detection unit arranged in the loading shaft system, the detection unit being a two-dimensional force sensor, used for collecting the normal pressure and friction force during rub-impact, and the data acquisition system is also used for recording the normal pressure and friction force data collected by the two-dimensional force sensor.

[0040] Among them, the measuring device is applied to the rub-impact test, and the rub-impact test equipment further comprises a second driving mechanism, the second driving mechanism being a high-speed motor; the simulated blade is arranged at the output end of the second driving mechanism, and the second driving mechanism is used for driving the simulated blade to rotate circumferentially; the loading shaft system comprises an extension shaft and a connecting shaft, and the detection unit is arranged between the extension shaft and the connecting shaft.

[0041] It can be understood that the present measuring device is applied to the rub-impact test equipment to measure the rub-impact test mechanical data under the simulated working condition of an aero-engine. When the test is performed, the second driving mechanism drives the simulated blade to rotate circumferentially, the feeding system is driven to drive the slide module to move back and forth along a straight line, the test piece of the casing is brought into contact with the simulated blade, and the specific control is that the feeding system drives the slide module to always move to the simulated blade, so that the test piece of the casing and the simulated blade are in continuous contact, and the continuous contact and friction therebetween are realized, or the feeding system drives the slide module to move back and forth along a straight line, so that the test piece of the casing and the simulated blade are in intermittent contact, the intermittent contact and rub-impact are realized, the friction state of the failure process of the aero-engine is simulated, the two-dimensional force sensor provided by the measuring device on the loading shaft between the slide module and the test piece of the casing collects the normal pressure and the friction force during the rub-impact, the contact load change characteristic data of the test piece are detected and acquired, the effective measurement of the contact force under the real working condition of the aero-engine is realized, the different frequency contact forces can be effectively captured, and the key parameters for evaluating the fire retardant performance of the cold fire retardant coating, predicting the service life of the component and verifying the thermodynamic model are provided.

[0042] In some preferred embodiments, the two-dimensional force sensor comprises a shell, the shell is a double-layer structure and is formed with a sandwich cavity, the sandwich cavity is respectively provided with a liquid inlet for introducing cooling liquid and a liquid outlet for leading out cooling liquid; it can be understood that the shell of the detection unit is provided as a double-layer structure to form a sandwich cavity, and the circulating water introduced into the sandwich cavity is cooled, on the one hand, the surrounding of various sensors is cooled to ensure that the working temperature environment of the sensors is in a room temperature state, and on the other hand, the outer wall of the test cabin is cooled to ensure the safe operation of the test personnel.

[0043] In some preferred embodiments, the first driving mechanism comprises a servo motor and a speed reducer, the speed reducer is connected with the ball screw through a transmission shaft, and the slide module is arranged on the ball screw.

[0044] In some preferred embodiments, the data acquisition system further includes a charge amplifier matched to the detection unit, adapted for use with a two-dimensional force sensor, which is widely used in aerospace testing and other fields, and features high sensitivity, strong anti-interference capability, and fast dynamic response; the lead of the slide module is 10±2mm; the rated power of the servo motor is matched with the lead and horizontal loading force of the slide module; the two-dimensional force sensor meets the conditions of ±10KN for normal force and ±4KN for tangential force. In one specific embodiment, the slide feed speed in the slide module is calculated to have a lead of 10mm based on predetermined experimental feed parameters, and the feed time can reach 0.2~0.5s; the two-dimensional force sensor is calculated using a slide lead of 10mm and a horizontal loading force upper limit of 5000N. The servo motor has a rated power of 1.0KW. Based on this, a 110 servo motor (rated power 1.2KW, rated torque 6N·m, rated speed 1500rpm) was selected as the power source. The reducer is a planetary reducer. The reduction ratio of the selected planetary reducer was calculated to be 1:15 based on the feed test parameters of 0.2~0.5s. The maximum allowable bending and tensile load of the ball screw was calculated to be approximately 29696N based on the maximum axial load of 4000N and the maximum feed speed of 2.5mm / s during loading. Precision linear ball guides and precision ball screws that meet the test conditions were selected. Through mechanical simulation of the contact force at the aero-engine component level, a two-dimensional force sensor with a normal force of ±10KN and a tangential force of ±4KN was selected.

[0045] On the other hand, a preferred embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for measuring two-dimensional force under high-speed collision conditions of metal components, which utilizes the aforementioned two-dimensional force measuring device under high-speed collision conditions of metal components, and the measurement method includes:

[0046] S1. Calibration of two-dimensional force sensor;

[0047] S2. Delineation of the initial contact position;

[0048] S3. Impact Test and Data Acquisition.

[0049] Understandably, this measurement method effectively eliminates systematic errors introduced by the feeding process and test piece installation through calibration steps, improving measurement accuracy. After defining the starting point position, the feed of the casing is controlled based on the starting point. Based on the impact combustion test equipment and this measurement device, impact tests are conducted to collect and record transient data of contact load at the coating / substrate interface during the impact process. This enables the detection and acquisition of characteristic data of impact contact load changes in the test piece, achieving effective measurement of contact force under real aero-engine operating conditions. This provides key parameters for evaluating the flame retardant performance of cold flame retardant coatings, predicting component life, and verifying thermodynamic models.

[0050] In some preferred embodiments, step S1 includes:

[0051] S11. Apply the set standard force to the two-dimensional force sensor;

[0052] S12. Use the actual force value displayed in real time by the force gauge as input to calibrate the stress value and complete the data acquisition of each calibration point of friction force and pressure;

[0053] S13. Calculate the proportionality coefficient to make the system display value consistent with the force measurement value.

[0054] Understandably, step S1 is implemented using computer software. A set standard force is applied to the two-dimensional force sensor, and the actual force value displayed in real time by the force gauge is used as input. The stress value calibration button is clicked to complete the data acquisition of each calibration point for friction and pressure. After all calibration points are acquired, the computer automatically calculates the proportional coefficient to ensure that the computer display value is consistent with the force gauge value. The calibration steps effectively eliminate systematic errors introduced by the feeding process and test piece installation, and greatly improve the measurement accuracy. This can be achieved by pre-writing the existing calculation and processing program into the data processing system, which will not be elaborated on here.

[0055] In some preferred embodiments, step s2 includes:

[0056] The casing test piece is fed at a preset low rate by the feeding system. When the two-dimensional force sensor detects a force fluctuation of 5 to 10 N, the position of the detected force fluctuation is taken as the starting point. It can be understood that when the casing test piece and the simulated blade are in a state of separation, the force sensor has no signal transmission. When the two are in contact, the position of the casing test piece and the simulated blade in contact is taken as the starting point when the force sensor detects the minimum load (5 to 10 N).

[0057] In some preferred embodiments, step S3 includes:

[0058] The slide module retracts by a stroke A based on the starting point position; the slide feed stroke is set to A+X and the feed time is set, where X is the experimental value.

[0059] It is understandable that by driving the slide table forward at low speed through the servo motor, when the force sensor displays a force value (~10N), it can be confirmed that this is the initial position of the collision. The slide table moves back a certain distance (e.g., 0.5mm), and the forward stroke (0.5+X mm) and time of the slide table are set on the computer software, where X is the test value.

[0060] In some preferred embodiments, step S3 includes:

[0061] The simulated blade rotates at a preset speed, the feeding system controls the slide module to feed at a preset feed rate and rub against the blade at a preset time, and the data acquisition system collects and records the normal pressure and friction data during the rubbing process.

[0062] Example 1

[0063] In this embodiment, the dynamic contact force variation law of the coating / substrate interface of a compressor casing simulation component of a certain type of aero-engine is measured, specifically including:

[0064] S1. Calibration of two-dimensional force sensor:

[0065] Apply a set standard force to the two-dimensional force sensor, use the actual force value displayed in real time on the force gauge as input, click the stress value calibration button, and complete the data acquisition of each calibration point for friction and pressure respectively. After all calibration points are acquired, the computer automatically calculates the proportional coefficient to ensure that the computer display value is consistent with the force gauge value.

[0066] S2, Delineation of the initial contact position:

[0067] The machine casing is fed at a rate of 0.01 mm / s by the feed system. When the two-dimensional force sensor detects a force fluctuation of 5 to 10 N, that position is taken as the starting point.

[0068] S3. Impact Test and Data Acquisition:

[0069] Based on the titanium alloy friction ignition simulation device disclosed in application number 202110849484.7, and this measuring device, the specific test conditions are: friction rotation speed 300 m / s, friction time 0.5 s, and friction feed rate 0.4 mm / s. The sample is placed under the above test conditions, the sampling rate is set to 700 Hz, the acquisition duration is 1 second, and the transient data of contact load at the coating / substrate interface during the friction process are recorded. (Refer to...) Figure 2 Compared to the technical solution disclosed in 202110849484.7, which uses the displacement measurement to reflect the deformation and calculate the normal pressure, this measuring device and method can detect and obtain the characteristic data of the rubbing load change of the test piece, and can effectively measure the contact force under real aero-engine operating conditions. It provides key parameters for evaluating the flame retardant performance of cold flame retardant coatings, predicting component life, and verifying thermodynamic models.

[0070] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0071] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0072] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A two-dimensional force measuring device for metal components under high-speed collision and friction conditions, characterized in that, include: The slide module is used to mount the casing test piece via the loading shaft system and to move it towards or away from the simulated blade under external drive, thereby causing the test piece to rub against the simulated blade. The feeding system includes a first drive mechanism for providing power, the first drive mechanism being drivenly connected to the slide module; The data acquisition system includes a detection unit disposed on the loading axis system. The detection unit is a two-dimensional force sensor used to collect the normal force and friction force during the collision. The data acquisition system is also used to record the normal force and friction force data collected by the two-dimensional force sensor.

2. The two-dimensional force measuring device for metal components under high-speed collision conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two-dimensional force sensor includes a housing, which has a double-layer structure and forms a sandwich cavity. The sandwich cavity is provided with an inlet for introducing coolant and an outlet for discharging coolant.

3. The two-dimensional force measuring device for metal components under high-speed collision and friction conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first drive mechanism includes a servo motor and a reducer. The reducer is connected to a ball screw via a transmission shaft system, and the slide module is disposed on the ball screw.

4. The two-dimensional force measuring device for metal components under high-speed collision and friction conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The simulated blade is located at the output end of the second drive mechanism, which is used to drive the simulated blade to rotate circumferentially.

5. The two-dimensional force measuring device for metal components under high-speed collision and friction conditions according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The data acquisition system also includes a charge amplifier matched with the detection unit; the lead of the slide module is 10±2mm; the rated power of the servo motor is matched with the lead and horizontal loading force of the slide module; the two-dimensional force sensor meets the conditions of positive pressure ±10KN and tangential force ±4KN.

6. A method for measuring two-dimensional force under high-speed collision conditions of metal components, characterized in that, The device for measuring two-dimensional force under high-speed collision and friction conditions of metal components as described in any one of claims 1-5 is used, and the measurement method includes: S1. Calibration of two-dimensional force sensor; S2. Delineation of the initial contact position; S3. Impact Test and Data Acquisition.

7. The method for measuring two-dimensional force of metal components under high-speed collision conditions according to claim 6, characterized in that, Step S1 includes: S11. Apply the set standard force to the two-dimensional force sensor; S12. Use the actual force value displayed in real time by the force gauge as input to calibrate the stress value and complete the data acquisition of each calibration point of friction force and pressure; S13. Calculate the proportionality coefficient to make the system display value consistent with the force measurement value.

8. The method for measuring two-dimensional force of metal components under high-speed collision conditions according to claim 6, characterized in that, Step S2 includes: The test piece of the casing is fed at a preset low speed by the feeding system. When the two-dimensional force sensor detects a force fluctuation of 5 to 10 N, the position of the detected force fluctuation is taken as the starting point.

9. The method for measuring two-dimensional force of metal components under high-speed collision conditions according to claim 8, characterized in that, Step S3 includes: The slide module retracts by a stroke A based on the starting point position; the slide feed stroke is set to A+X and the feed time is set, where X is the experimental value.

10. The method for measuring two-dimensional force of metal components under high-speed collision and friction conditions according to claim 6, characterized in that, Step S3 includes: The simulated blade rotates at a preset speed, the feeding system controls the slide module to feed at a preset feed rate and rub against the blade at a preset time, and the data acquisition system collects and records the normal pressure and friction data during the rubbing process.

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