Photovoltaic device control method and apparatus, photovoltaic device, and storage medium

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application relate to a photovoltaic device control method and device, a photovoltaic device and a storage medium. The photovoltaic power generation and load demand power of the photovoltaic device in a future time period are predicted according to historical use information and environmental information of the photovoltaic device. The power supply strategy and cold storage strategy of the photovoltaic device are determined according to the photovoltaic power generation and load demand power. The photovoltaic device is controlled to supply power according to the power supply strategy, and the photovoltaic device is controlled to store cold according to the cold storage strategy. Thus, in the case of an energy-saving air conditioner powered by the photovoltaic device, the photovoltaic power generation and load demand power are predicted, the corresponding power supply strategy and cold storage strategy are matched and control is performed, the photovoltaic fluctuation can be dynamically responded, the efficient conversion and storage of excess electric energy into cold energy are realized, the energy utilization rate of the energy-saving air conditioner is effectively improved, and the problem of excess electric energy consumption is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of photovoltaic system technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic equipment control method, device, photovoltaic equipment and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread application of renewable energy, photovoltaic power generation, as an important form of clean energy, is becoming increasingly popular in building energy systems. However, photovoltaic power generation is characterized by significant fluctuations and intermittency. Its output power is greatly affected by factors such as sunlight intensity and weather conditions. When the power generation of a photovoltaic system exceeds the real-time load demand, if the excess power cannot be effectively absorbed, it will lead to energy waste. This problem is particularly prominent in scenarios where grid connection is limited or energy storage capacity is insufficient.

[0003] Currently, conventional photovoltaic (PV) air conditioning systems mostly employ direct power supply or simple energy storage methods, lacking effective mechanisms to address the fluctuations in PV power generation. During periods of intense sunlight, they struggle to adjust loads promptly, resulting in significant waste of PV power. Furthermore, existing systems lack flexibility in their choice of cold storage methods, leading to low cold energy storage efficiency and a failure to optimize design for specific application scenarios, further exacerbating energy waste and resulting in a low overall energy utilization rate.

[0004] Therefore, the low energy utilization rate of photovoltaic air conditioning systems under fluctuating photovoltaic power generation conditions has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems or some of the technical problems, the present invention provides a photovoltaic equipment control method, device, photovoltaic equipment and storage medium.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a photovoltaic device control method, comprising:

[0007] Based on the historical usage information and environmental information of the photovoltaic equipment, predict the photovoltaic power generation and load demand of the photovoltaic equipment in the future time period.

[0008] The power supply strategy and cold storage strategy of the photovoltaic equipment are determined based on the photovoltaic power generation and the load demand.

[0009] The photovoltaic equipment is controlled to supply power according to the power supply strategy, and the photovoltaic equipment is controlled to store cold according to the cold storage strategy.

[0010] In one possible implementation, predicting the photovoltaic power generation and load demand of the photovoltaic equipment in a future time period based on the historical usage information and environmental information of the photovoltaic equipment includes:

[0011] The historical photovoltaic power supply data and historical load curve of the photovoltaic equipment within a historical time period are obtained as the historical usage information.

[0012] Obtain weather information for a future time period as the environmental information;

[0013] The historical usage information and the environmental information are input into the trained prediction model, so that the prediction model can output the photovoltaic power generation and the load demand.

[0014] In one possible implementation, determining the power supply strategy for the photovoltaic equipment based on the photovoltaic power generation and the load demand includes:

[0015] When the photovoltaic power generation is less than the load demand, determine whether the cost of grid power supply is greater than the cost of cold storage energy supply.

[0016] If the cost of mains power supply is greater than the cost of cold energy storage power supply, then the power supply strategy is determined to be: power supply through photovoltaic power and power supply through cold energy storage; or, if the cost of mains power supply is less than the cost of cold energy storage power supply, then the power supply strategy is determined to be: power supply through photovoltaic power and power supply through mains power.

[0017] In one possible implementation, determining the power supply strategy and cold storage strategy for the photovoltaic equipment based on the photovoltaic power generation and the load demand includes:

[0018] When the photovoltaic power generation is greater than or equal to the load demand, the power supply strategy is determined to be: power supply through photovoltaic power generation;

[0019] Determine whether the photovoltaic equipment is subject to grid connection restrictions;

[0020] If there are no grid connection restrictions and the cost of grid power supply is greater than the cost of cold storage energy supply, then the cold storage strategy is determined to be: to connect the remaining electricity after photovoltaic power supply to the grid; or, if there are no grid connection restrictions and the cost of grid power supply is less than the cost of cold storage energy supply, then the cold storage strategy is determined to be: to store the remaining electricity after photovoltaic power supply in cold storage.

[0021] If grid connection restrictions exist, the cold storage strategy is determined to be: storing the remaining electricity generated after photovoltaic power generation in a cold storage system.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0023] If it is predicted that the photovoltaic power generation in the first time period is greater than the load demand, then when the second time period arrives, the proportion of electricity used by the photovoltaic equipment for cold storage will be increased, and the proportion of electricity used by the photovoltaic equipment for the grid will be decreased. The second time period is before the first time period.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0025] When the photovoltaic equipment is applied to scenarios requiring low temperatures, ice storage is used for cold energy storage.

[0026] When the photovoltaic equipment is used in scenarios requiring normal temperature, water-based cooling is employed for energy storage.

[0027] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0028] Obtain the current photovoltaic power generation of the photovoltaic equipment;

[0029] When the current photovoltaic power generation is greater than a first threshold, the photovoltaic equipment is controlled to use a first phase change material for cold storage.

[0030] When the current photovoltaic power generation is less than a second threshold, the photovoltaic equipment is controlled to use a second phase change material for cold storage, the phase change temperature of the first phase change material is less than the phase change temperature of the second phase change material, and the second threshold is less than or equal to the first threshold.

[0031] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a photovoltaic equipment control device, comprising:

[0032] The prediction module is used to predict the photovoltaic power generation and load demand of the photovoltaic equipment in a future time period based on the historical usage information and environmental information of the photovoltaic equipment.

[0033] The determination module is used to determine the power supply strategy and cold storage strategy of the photovoltaic equipment based on the photovoltaic power generation and the load demand.

[0034] The control module is used to control the photovoltaic equipment to supply power according to the power supply strategy, and to control the photovoltaic equipment to store cold according to the cold storage strategy.

[0035] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide a photovoltaic device, including: a processor and a memory, wherein the processor is configured to execute a photovoltaic device control program stored in the memory to implement the photovoltaic device control method described in any one of the first aspects above.

[0036] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention provide a storage medium storing one or more programs, which can be executed by one or more processors to implement the photovoltaic device control method described in any one of the first aspects.

[0037] The photovoltaic equipment control scheme provided in this invention predicts the photovoltaic power generation and load demand of the photovoltaic equipment in a future time period based on the historical usage information and environmental information of the photovoltaic equipment; determines the power supply strategy and cold storage strategy of the photovoltaic equipment based on the photovoltaic power generation and the load demand; controls the photovoltaic equipment to supply power according to the power supply strategy; and controls the photovoltaic equipment to store cold energy according to the cold storage strategy. Therefore, by predicting photovoltaic power generation and load demand, matching corresponding power supply and cold storage strategies, and executing control, it can dynamically respond to photovoltaic fluctuations, achieve efficient conversion and storage of excess electrical energy into cold energy, effectively improve energy utilization, and solve the problem of excess electrical energy consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a photovoltaic equipment control method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 A schematic flowchart of another photovoltaic device control method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the changes in photovoltaic power generation and load demand.

[0041] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic equipment control device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, further explanations and descriptions will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. These embodiments do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a photovoltaic device control method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the method specifically includes:

[0046] S11. Based on the historical usage information and environmental information of the photovoltaic equipment, predict the photovoltaic power generation and load demand of the photovoltaic equipment in the future time period.

[0047] The photovoltaic equipment control method provided in this invention is applied to photovoltaic equipment, which can be a photovoltaic energy-saving air conditioning system (e.g., a multi-split energy-saving air conditioning system). It is suitable for various scenarios requiring photovoltaic air conditioning cooling, such as office buildings, food cold chain facilities, and commercial buildings. Specifically, by using a predictive model to forecast photovoltaic power generation and load demand, and dynamically adjusting the cold storage and power supply strategies, it can dynamically respond to photovoltaic fluctuations, achieving efficient conversion and storage of excess electricity into cold energy, effectively improving energy utilization, and solving the problem of excess electricity consumption.

[0048] In this embodiment, the historical usage information of the photovoltaic equipment represents the historical power generation data recorded during the operation of the photovoltaic air conditioning system. This may include, but is not limited to, historical data directly related to power generation operation, such as output power, power generation, and equipment start-up and shutdown status at different time periods (e.g., hourly, daily). Environmental information represents environmental parameters affecting photovoltaic power generation and / or the load of the photovoltaic equipment, including but not limited to: irradiance, ambient temperature, weather conditions (e.g., sunny, cloudy, rainy, partly cloudy), and seasonal data. Photovoltaic power generation represents the total electrical energy that the photovoltaic equipment can output within a specific time period and is a core indicator for measuring the power generation capacity of the photovoltaic air conditioning system. Load demand represents the total electrical energy consumed by the photovoltaic air conditioning system to maintain normal cooling operation within a specific time period, reflecting the cooling load of the photovoltaic air conditioning system.

[0049] Specifically, it continuously collects and stores historical usage information and environmental data related to photovoltaic (PV) equipment. Historical usage information can be obtained from PV inverters, power generation metering devices, and other equipment. Environmental information is collected in real-time through light and temperature sensors and connected to a meteorological platform to obtain weather forecast data for future periods. Load-related data for PV equipment can also be obtained, specifically collected from controllers and electricity metering devices, and may include historical cooling duration, real-time power consumption, and set temperature data.

[0050] An AI (Artificial Intelligence) prediction model is built based on collected historical data. The model is trained using machine learning algorithms (such as Random Forest and LSTM). During training, historical usage and environmental information are used as input features, and the predicted photovoltaic power generation and load demand within a preset future time period are used as output labels. The model parameters are optimized through iterative training to achieve accurate prediction capabilities. After training, relevant data (including recent photovoltaic equipment usage trends, weather forecasts for the next 6-12 hours, and historical air conditioning load curves) are input. The model analyzes and calculates the input data to output predicted photovoltaic power generation and predicted air conditioning load demand, providing data support for the formulation of subsequent power supply and cooling storage strategies.

[0051] In one possible implementation, historical photovoltaic power supply data and historical load curves of photovoltaic equipment within a historical time period are obtained as historical usage information; weather information for a future time period is obtained as environmental information; the historical usage information and environmental information are input into a trained prediction model to output photovoltaic power generation and load demand through the prediction model.

[0052] In this embodiment, historical photovoltaic power supply data refers to power generation-related data recorded by photovoltaic equipment such as power generation metering devices and inverters during operation of photovoltaic equipment within a historical time period (e.g., the past 3 months). This data may include hourly / daily power generation, output power variation curves, and equipment operational stability parameters. The historical load curve represents the changing pattern of electrical energy consumed by the photovoltaic air conditioning system to maintain cooling operation within a historical time period. Plotting time on the horizontal axis and load demand on the vertical axis, it presents the fluctuation characteristics of air conditioning load at different times and can be obtained through the air conditioning controller and electricity metering module. The acquired historical photovoltaic power supply data and historical load curve are used as historical usage information.

[0053] The weather information for the future time period represents the meteorological data corresponding to the time period for which the photovoltaic power generation and load demand are to be predicted. This data may include parameters such as predicted solar irradiance, ambient temperature, weather type, and wind speed within that time period, and can be obtained by connecting to a meteorological service platform. The acquired weather information will be used as environmental information.

[0054] The prediction model is a data analysis model built based on machine learning algorithms. After being trained with historical data, it possesses a mapping relationship between input features and output results, and can output prediction results based on the input historical usage information and environmental information. Specifically, the currently acquired historical usage information and environmental information are input into the trained prediction model, which then outputs the photovoltaic power generation and load demand for a preset future time period.

[0055] S12. Determine the power supply strategy and cold storage strategy for photovoltaic equipment based on photovoltaic power generation and load demand.

[0056] In this embodiment, the difference between photovoltaic power generation and load demand is calculated. The sufficiency of the current photovoltaic power supply is determined based on this difference. If the photovoltaic power generation is greater than or equal to the load demand, the photovoltaic power supply is sufficient; if the photovoltaic power generation is less than the load demand, the photovoltaic power supply is insufficient.

[0057] When photovoltaic power supply is insufficient, supplementary power supply is required. If the grid electricity price is higher than the comprehensive cost of power supply through cold storage and energy storage (including energy storage losses, equipment operation and maintenance, etc.) and the energy storage is sufficient, the power supply strategy is to jointly supply power through photovoltaic and energy storage, with photovoltaics bearing all power generation and energy storage supplementing the power gap. If the grid electricity price is lower than the cost of power supply through cold storage and energy storage, regardless of whether the energy storage is sufficient, the power supply strategy is to jointly supply power through photovoltaic and grid electricity, with grid electricity supplementing the gap. At the same time, the cold storage strategy is to maintain a minimum cold storage capacity and prioritize the efficient utilization of photovoltaic power.

[0058] When photovoltaic power supply is sufficient, there is excess photovoltaic power that needs to be absorbed through grid connection or cold storage. If there are no restrictions on grid connection, comparing the grid electricity price and the benefits of cold storage, if the grid electricity price is high, the power supply strategy is to meet the load with photovoltaic power and connect the surplus power to the grid. If the grid electricity price is low, the cold storage strategy is to store all the surplus power as cold energy. If grid connection is restricted, the cold storage strategy is to convert all the surplus power into cold energy storage.

[0059] When the photovoltaic power generation equals the load power, the power supply strategy is to supply the full amount of photovoltaic power, and the cold storage strategy is to maintain the existing cold storage capacity without any additional adjustments, ensuring the stable operation of the system.

[0060] In one possible implementation, determining the power supply strategy for the photovoltaic equipment based on photovoltaic power generation and load demand includes:

[0061] When the photovoltaic power generation is less than the load demand, determine whether the cost of grid power supply is greater than the cost of cold storage energy supply. If the cost of grid power supply is greater than the cost of cold storage energy supply, the power supply strategy is determined to be: power supply through photovoltaic and cold storage energy supply. Alternatively, if the cost of grid power supply is less than the cost of cold storage energy supply, the power supply strategy is determined to be: power supply through photovoltaic and grid power supply.

[0062] In this embodiment, when it is predicted that the photovoltaic power generation will be less than the load demand in the future, a power shortage will occur, which needs to be made up through other means. First, the current grid electricity price information and the equivalent power supply cost of cold storage energy storage are obtained. The grid electricity price is usually derived from the power company's time-of-use pricing information, while the power supply cost of cold storage energy storage is an equivalent cost calculated based on the electricity cost consumed in storing cold energy, the energy loss during storage, and the equipment operation and maintenance costs.

[0063] The cost of grid power supply is compared with the cost of cold storage power supply. If the current grid power supply cost is higher than the cold storage power supply cost, then using energy storage is more economical, and a combination of photovoltaic power generation and cold storage will be prioritized to power the air conditioner. In practice, the cold storage modules will release their stored cooling capacity, while the photovoltaic power generation will directly supply the air conditioner, thus making up for the power shortage. If the grid power supply cost is less than or equal to the cold storage power supply cost, then using grid power is more economical, and a combination of photovoltaic power generation and grid power will be chosen. Photovoltaic power generation will be prioritized, while grid power will be used to supplement the shortfall, and cold storage will not be used temporarily to conserve storage capacity for later use.

[0064] The entire judgment and decision-making process is dynamic, updating electricity prices and energy storage cost information in real time, and automatically selecting the optimal power supply combination based on economic principles to ensure that the air conditioning system can operate stably and minimize electricity costs when photovoltaic power is insufficient.

[0065] In one possible implementation, determining the power supply strategy and cold storage strategy for the photovoltaic equipment based on photovoltaic power generation and load demand includes:

[0066] When the photovoltaic power generation is greater than or equal to the load demand, the power supply strategy is determined as follows: power supply through photovoltaics; determine whether there are grid connection restrictions for the photovoltaic equipment; if there are no grid connection restrictions and the cost of grid power supply is greater than the cost of cold storage power supply, then the cold storage strategy is determined as follows: connect the remaining electricity after photovoltaic power supply to the grid; or, if there are no grid connection restrictions and the cost of grid power supply is less than the cost of cold storage power supply, then the cold storage strategy is determined as follows: store the remaining electricity after photovoltaic power supply in cold storage; if there are grid connection restrictions, then the cold storage strategy is determined as follows: store the remaining electricity after photovoltaic power supply in cold storage.

[0067] In this embodiment, when it is predicted that the photovoltaic power generation will be greater than or equal to the load demand in the future time period, it means that the power required by the photovoltaic equipment can be fully provided by photovoltaic power generation. Therefore, the power supply strategy is to directly supply power by photovoltaic power generation.

[0068] Furthermore, it's crucial to determine if the photovoltaic (PV) equipment faces grid connection restrictions. Grid connection restrictions refer to whether excess electricity generated by PV can be fed into the public power grid. If restrictions exist, the surplus electricity cannot be used on the grid and must be consumed locally. If no grid connection restrictions exist, then the cost of grid power supply is compared with the cost of cold storage power supply. Grid power supply costs are derived from time-of-use pricing information, while cold storage power supply costs are a comprehensive calculation of electricity costs during charging, cooling losses, and equipment operation and maintenance costs.

[0069] When the cost of grid power supply is greater than the cost of cold storage power supply, the surplus electricity generated by photovoltaic power generation is preferentially connected to the grid to maximize benefits. When the cost of grid power supply is less than or equal to the cost of cold storage power supply, the surplus electricity generated by photovoltaic power generation is used to store cooling energy, providing backup cooling energy for subsequent air conditioning loads. If grid connection restrictions exist, the surplus electricity cannot be connected to the grid regardless of the grid electricity price. Therefore, all the surplus electricity is used for cold storage, converting electrical energy into cold energy for storage to ensure that photovoltaic power is not wasted and to improve the energy utilization efficiency of the air conditioning system.

[0070] S13. Control the photovoltaic equipment to supply power according to the power supply strategy, and control the photovoltaic equipment to store cold according to the cold storage strategy.

[0071] In this embodiment, after determining the power supply strategy and the cold storage strategy, these strategies are converted into specific control commands for the equipment, thereby realizing the coordinated operation of photovoltaic power generation, power utilization and cold storage.

[0072] First, according to the power supply strategy, the photovoltaic (PV) equipment is controlled to distribute electrical energy to the PV equipment (air conditioning) load. If the strategy specifies that the PV power supply meets the load, the PV power generation is directly fed into the PV equipment through the power dispatch module, so that the PV equipment uses PV power on demand, ensuring stable operation and prioritizing the use of renewable energy.

[0073] Simultaneously, the photovoltaic equipment is controlled according to the cold storage strategy to use surplus or excess electricity for cold storage. Depending on the selected cold storage method (ice storage, water storage, or phase change storage), the corresponding cooling or energy storage equipment is activated to convert surplus photovoltaic power into cold energy for storage. The energy storage equipment dynamically adjusts its cold storage power based on storage capacity, cooling demand, and temperature settings to ensure that cold energy is available for the air conditioning system when needed, while avoiding energy waste.

[0074] In one possible implementation, when it is predicted that the photovoltaic power generation in the first time period is greater than the load demand, the proportion of electricity used by the photovoltaic equipment for cold storage is increased and the proportion of electricity used by the photovoltaic equipment for the grid is decreased when the second time period arrives. The second time period is before the first time period.

[0075] In this embodiment, when the system predicts that photovoltaic power generation will exceed the load demand within a certain period, it will conduct energy dispatch planning in advance. It analyzes the photovoltaic power generation and electricity demand for several future time periods and adjusts the ratio of cold storage and grid power consumption based on the prediction results.

[0076] Before the first period when sufficient photovoltaic (PV) power generation is predicted (e.g., after sunrise the following day), i.e., during the second period (after sunset that evening), the proportion of electricity used for cold storage and energy storage is increased, while the proportion of electricity used from the grid is reduced. Because high PV power generation is predicted during the first period, electricity from cold storage and energy storage can be used in advance during the current second period, thereby reducing current electricity costs, freeing up space for cold storage and energy storage, and fully utilizing PV power for cold storage and energy storage during peak PV power generation periods to avoid energy waste. Prioritizing energy storage reduces dependence on the grid and lowers electricity costs.

[0077] In one possible implementation, the cold storage rate is dynamically adjusted based on the forecast results. If the predicted photovoltaic power generation exceeds the load demand, it indicates that strong sunlight is expected the following day (first time period). The system appropriately reduces the grid power consumption ratio of the photovoltaic equipment during the night before (second time period), using cold storage energy to supply power. This leaves more space for photovoltaic energy storage during periods of strong sunlight the following day, preventing energy waste due to insufficient energy absorption. When the first percentage of photovoltaic power generation exceeding load demand is X%, the corresponding second percentage for reducing grid power consumption for the photovoltaic equipment is (X+5)% (e.g., if the first percentage is 10%, the corresponding second percentage is 15%; if the first percentage is 20%, the corresponding second percentage is 25%). The greater the difference between photovoltaic power generation and load demand, the greater the reduction in grid power consumption. If a sudden surge in photovoltaic power supply is predicted, far exceeding load demand, the cold storage capacity is automatically increased to convert excess electricity into cold energy storage, preventing power overflow and waste.

[0078] In one possible implementation, when the photovoltaic equipment is used in scenarios requiring low temperatures, ice storage is used for cold energy storage; when the photovoltaic equipment is used in scenarios requiring normal temperatures, water storage is used for cold energy storage.

[0079] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic (PV) equipment's cold storage method is intelligently selected based on different application scenarios to maximize energy efficiency and optimize cost. When the PV equipment is used in scenarios requiring low temperatures (e.g., food cold chain, cold storage, etc., environments that need to maintain low temperatures), ice storage is used. Ice storage has the characteristic of high cold storage density, enabling it to store more cold energy in a limited storage space and provide a stable low-temperature cold source upon release, thereby meeting the air conditioning or cooling needs of low-temperature scenarios. When the PV equipment is used in scenarios requiring normal temperatures (e.g., office buildings, shopping malls, or general indoor air-conditioned environments), water storage is used. Water storage has lower costs, is easy to maintain, is suitable for large-scale cold energy storage, and can achieve energy-saving operation while ensuring comfortable temperatures. The system automatically selects the appropriate cold storage method according to the scenario type and dynamically adjusts the energy storage power and release rate during operation, so that the surplus electricity generated by the PV can be efficiently converted into cold energy storage, providing a reliable cold source for subsequent air conditioning loads, while improving overall energy utilization efficiency.

[0080] In one possible implementation, the current photovoltaic power generation of the photovoltaic device is obtained; when the current photovoltaic power generation is greater than a first threshold, the photovoltaic device is controlled to use a first phase change material for cold storage; when the current photovoltaic power generation is less than a second threshold, the photovoltaic device is controlled to use a second phase change material for cold storage, wherein the phase change temperature of the first phase change material is less than the phase change temperature of the second phase change material, and the second threshold is less than or equal to the first threshold.

[0081] In this embodiment, the current photovoltaic power generation of the photovoltaic equipment is acquired in real time during operation, and a suitable phase change material is selected for cold energy storage. When the current photovoltaic power generation exceeds a set first threshold, the photovoltaic equipment is controlled to use the first phase change material for cold storage. The first phase change material has a low phase change temperature, making it suitable for storing more cooling capacity when photovoltaic power generation is sufficient to cope with cooling load scenarios requiring lower temperatures. When the current photovoltaic power generation is less than a set second threshold, the photovoltaic equipment is controlled to use the second phase change material for cold storage. The second phase change material has a high phase change temperature, making it suitable for storing a suitable amount of cooling capacity when photovoltaic power generation is low, meeting the cooling needs of normal temperature or low-demand scenarios. The second threshold is less than or equal to the first threshold, thereby ensuring that the most suitable cold storage material is selected in different power generation ranges to achieve efficient energy utilization. In this way, the cold storage strategy can be dynamically adjusted according to the real-time photovoltaic power generation, and the phase change material can be rationally selected to efficiently store the surplus photovoltaic power and provide a stable cooling source for subsequent air conditioning loads, while avoiding cooling waste and energy loss.

[0082] As an example, such as Figure 2 The diagram shown is a flowchart of another photovoltaic device control method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The method specifically includes:

[0083] The photovoltaic (PV) energy-saving air conditioning system collects and records historical PV power supply data (in 24-hour increments, recording PV power generation at specific times within a 24-hour period, as well as the time periods during which PV power is supplied to the air conditioning system, the periods of grid connection, and the periods without PV power generation), weather forecast information, and user load curves. It then constructs an AI prediction model, trained using machine learning algorithms, capable of predicting PV power generation and air conditioning load demand for the next 6-12 hours. The prediction results will guide subsequent PV air conditioning power supply, energy storage, and cold storage scheduling strategies. The system determines the difference between the predicted PV power generation and the air conditioning load demand within the next 6-12 hours. The air conditioning load demand can be predicted based on the system's recorded historical PV power supply data and historical user air conditioning usage data (predicting the air conditioning demand for the next 24 hours based on the previous day's 24-hour data).

[0084] The predicted photovoltaic power generation is Y, and the predicted air conditioning load demand is Q. Figure 3 As shown, this is a schematic diagram of the changes in photovoltaic power generation and load demand electricity provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The vertical axis represents electricity, and the horizontal axis represents time. It includes two curves: photovoltaic power generation Y and load demand electricity Q.

[0085] If the predicted photovoltaic power generation Y is less than the air conditioning load demand Q (before time point A), then the photovoltaic power generation cannot meet all the air conditioning demand. At this time, the remaining QY of the air conditioning demand needs to be determined based on the following: whether to use grid power or cold storage energy for power supply, in order to maximize benefits.

[0086] First, determine the current electricity price and whether there is available energy storage.

[0087] If the price of mains electricity is greater than the benefit of cold storage energy supply (i.e., electricity is expensive), and there is sufficient energy storage, then the remaining power of the air conditioner (QY) will be supplied by cold storage energy.

[0088] If the price of mains electricity is less than the benefit of cold storage and energy storage (i.e., electricity is cheaper, but cold storage and energy storage are more efficient), then the remaining power for the air conditioner (QY) will be supplied by mains electricity.

[0089] If the predicted photovoltaic power generation Y is greater than the air conditioning load demand Q (between time A and time B), there will be excess electricity. If this excess electricity cannot be consumed in time, it will result in energy waste.

[0090] Whether the excess electricity should be connected to the grid or stored for cooling is determined as follows.

[0091] 1. If there are no restrictions on grid connection, that is, if photovoltaic power generation is allowed to be connected to the grid, the excess photovoltaic power generation can be fed into the grid.

[0092] If the price of grid electricity is greater than the benefits of cold storage and energy storage power supply (i.e., electricity is more expensive), then the excess electricity generated by photovoltaic power generation will be connected to the grid to earn more profits.

[0093] If the price of grid electricity is less than the benefit of cold storage energy supply (i.e., electricity is cheaper, but cold storage is more efficient), then the excess electricity generated by photovoltaic power generation will be stored as cold storage energy.

[0094] If there are restrictions on grid connection in the local area, photovoltaic power generation is not allowed to be connected to the grid.

[0095] Excess electricity is stored in the form of cold storage, which effectively solves the problem of power curtailment and improves energy utilization.

[0096] If it is predicted that the photovoltaic power generation Y is less than the air conditioning load demand Q (after time point B), then the photovoltaic power generation cannot meet all the air conditioning demand. For example, if it is already evening and the electricity price is relatively high, using grid electricity is not very efficient. In this case, the remaining QY of the air conditioning demand will be supplied by the energy storage stored between time points A and B.

[0097] The system integrates a phase change energy storage material with a phase change temperature range of 5-10℃. This material can effectively absorb cold energy during the energy storage process and maintain a stable temperature during release, thereby reducing cold energy loss and improving overall energy storage efficiency.

[0098] During system operation, the modules work together to form a closed-loop control mechanism: the AI ​​prediction module outputs prediction results, the control module dynamically adjusts the cold storage strategy according to the prediction results, the cold storage module selects the appropriate cold storage method according to the strategy, and uses phase change materials to improve the cold storage efficiency, ultimately achieving efficient utilization of photovoltaic power and energy-saving operation of the air conditioning system.

[0099] In one possible implementation, an additional energy input method, such as wind power and energy storage batteries, is introduced into the existing system to construct a multi-energy collaborative forecasting and control system. By comprehensively analyzing the power generation trends of renewable energy sources such as photovoltaics and wind power through AI prediction models, and combining this with load demand, a cold storage strategy is dynamically adjusted to achieve multi-energy complementarity and improve the stability and utilization rate of the overall energy system.

[0100] In one possible implementation, a photovoltaic air conditioning system is integrated with an electric vehicle charging system to build an intelligent energy dispatch platform. When photovoltaic power supply is sufficient, electric vehicles are prioritized for charging, while cold storage is performed simultaneously, achieving dual utilization of electrical energy. When grid electricity prices are low, the system can automatically switch to grid power to reduce operating costs, while utilizing excess electrical energy for cold storage.

[0101] In one possible implementation, a personalized load forecasting model can be built by collecting data such as user habits, room temperature settings, and work / rest schedules, thereby further optimizing the cold storage scheduling strategy. For example, in an office building scenario, the system can optimize the release rhythm of cold storage based on employees' commuting times, improving comfort while reducing energy consumption.

[0102] Figure 4 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a photovoltaic equipment control device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The device specifically includes:

[0103] Prediction module 41 is used to predict the photovoltaic power generation and load demand of the photovoltaic equipment in a future time period based on the historical usage information and environmental information of the photovoltaic equipment.

[0104] The determining module 42 is used to determine the power supply strategy and cold storage strategy of the photovoltaic equipment based on the photovoltaic power generation and the load demand.

[0105] The control module 43 is used to control the photovoltaic device to supply power according to the power supply strategy, and to control the photovoltaic device to store cold according to the cold storage strategy.

[0106] In one possible implementation, the prediction module is specifically used to acquire historical photovoltaic power supply data and historical load curves of the photovoltaic equipment within a historical time period, as the historical usage information;

[0107] Obtain weather information for a future time period as the environmental information;

[0108] The historical usage information and the environmental information are input into the trained prediction model, so that the prediction model can output the photovoltaic power generation and the load demand.

[0109] In one possible implementation, the determining module is specifically used to determine whether the grid power supply cost is greater than the cold storage energy storage power supply cost when the photovoltaic power generation is less than the load demand power.

[0110] If the cost of mains power supply is greater than the cost of cold energy storage power supply, then the power supply strategy is determined to be: power supply through photovoltaic power and power supply through cold energy storage; or, if the cost of mains power supply is less than the cost of cold energy storage power supply, then the power supply strategy is determined to be: power supply through photovoltaic power and power supply through mains power.

[0111] In one possible implementation, the determining module is specifically used to determine the power supply strategy as: power supply through photovoltaic power when the photovoltaic power generation is greater than or equal to the load demand power.

[0112] Determine whether the photovoltaic equipment is subject to grid connection restrictions;

[0113] If there are no grid connection restrictions and the cost of grid power supply is greater than the cost of cold storage energy supply, then the cold storage strategy is determined to be: to connect the remaining electricity after photovoltaic power supply to the grid; or, if there are no grid connection restrictions and the cost of grid power supply is less than the cost of cold storage energy supply, then the cold storage strategy is determined to be: to store the remaining electricity after photovoltaic power supply in cold storage.

[0114] If grid connection restrictions exist, the cold storage strategy is determined to be: storing the remaining electricity generated after photovoltaic power generation in a cold storage system.

[0115] In one possible implementation, the control module is further configured to, when it is predicted that the photovoltaic power generation in the first time period is greater than the load demand, control the photovoltaic equipment to increase the proportion of electricity used by cold storage and energy storage, and control the photovoltaic equipment to decrease the proportion of electricity used by the grid, when the second time period arrives, wherein the second time period is before the first time period.

[0116] In one possible implementation, the control module is further configured to use ice storage for energy storage when the photovoltaic device is applied to a scenario requiring low temperatures.

[0117] When the photovoltaic equipment is used in scenarios requiring normal temperature, water-based cooling is employed for energy storage.

[0118] In one possible implementation, the control module is further configured to acquire the current photovoltaic power generation of the photovoltaic device;

[0119] When the current photovoltaic power generation is greater than a first threshold, the photovoltaic equipment is controlled to use a first phase change material for cold storage.

[0120] When the current photovoltaic power generation is less than a second threshold, the photovoltaic equipment is controlled to use a second phase change material for cold storage, the phase change temperature of the first phase change material is less than the phase change temperature of the second phase change material, and the second threshold is less than or equal to the first threshold.

[0121] The photovoltaic equipment control device provided in this embodiment can be as follows: Figure 4 The apparatus shown can perform, for example Figure 1-2 All steps of the photovoltaic equipment control method are implemented to achieve... Figure 1-2 For details on the technical effects of the photovoltaic equipment control method shown, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1-2 The relevant descriptions are presented concisely and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0122] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5The photovoltaic device 500 shown includes at least one processor 501, a memory 502, at least one network interface 504, and other user interfaces 503. The various components in the photovoltaic device 500 are coupled together via a bus system 505. It is understood that the bus system 505 is used to enable communication between these components. In addition to a data bus, the bus system 505 also includes a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus. However, for clarity, in… Figure 5 The general designated all buses as Bus System 505.

[0123] The user interface 503 may include a display, keyboard, or clicking device (e.g., mouse, trackball, touchpad, or touchscreen).

[0124] It is understood that the memory 502 in the embodiments of the present invention can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. The volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), Double Data Rate Synchronous DRAM (DDRSDRAM), Enhanced Synchronous DRAM (ESDRAM), Synchronous Link DRAM (SLDRAM), and Direct Rambus RAM (DRRAM). The memory 502 described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0125] In some implementations, memory 502 stores elements, executable units or data structures, or subsets thereof, or extended sets thereof: operating system 5021 and application program 5022.

[0126] The operating system 5021 includes various system programs, such as the framework layer, core library layer, and driver layer, used to implement various basic business functions and handle hardware-based tasks. The application program 5022 includes various applications, such as a media player and a browser, used to implement various application functions. The program implementing the method of this embodiment can be included in the application program 5022.

[0127] In this embodiment of the invention, by calling the program or instructions stored in memory 502, specifically the program or instructions stored in application program 5022, processor 501 executes the method steps provided in each method embodiment, including, for example:

[0128] Based on the historical usage information and environmental information of the photovoltaic equipment, predict the photovoltaic power generation and load demand of the photovoltaic equipment in the future time period.

[0129] The power supply strategy and cold storage strategy of the photovoltaic equipment are determined based on the photovoltaic power generation and the load demand.

[0130] The photovoltaic equipment is controlled to supply power according to the power supply strategy, and the photovoltaic equipment is controlled to store cold according to the cold storage strategy.

[0131] In one possible implementation, the historical photovoltaic power supply data and historical load curve of the photovoltaic device within a historical time period are obtained as the historical usage information;

[0132] Obtain weather information for a future time period as the environmental information;

[0133] The historical usage information and the environmental information are input into the trained prediction model, so that the prediction model can output the photovoltaic power generation and the load demand.

[0134] In one possible implementation, when the photovoltaic power generation is less than the load demand, it is determined whether the cost of grid power supply is greater than the cost of cold storage energy supply.

[0135] If the cost of mains power supply is greater than the cost of cold energy storage power supply, then the power supply strategy is determined to be: power supply through photovoltaic power and power supply through cold energy storage; or, if the cost of mains power supply is less than the cost of cold energy storage power supply, then the power supply strategy is determined to be: power supply through photovoltaic power and power supply through mains power.

[0136] In one possible implementation, when the photovoltaic power generation is greater than or equal to the load demand, the power supply strategy is determined to be: power supply through photovoltaic power generation;

[0137] Determine whether the photovoltaic equipment is subject to grid connection restrictions;

[0138] If there are no grid connection restrictions and the cost of grid power supply is greater than the cost of cold storage energy supply, then the cold storage strategy is determined to be: to connect the remaining electricity after photovoltaic power supply to the grid; or, if there are no grid connection restrictions and the cost of grid power supply is less than the cost of cold storage energy supply, then the cold storage strategy is determined to be: to store the remaining electricity after photovoltaic power supply in cold storage.

[0139] If grid connection restrictions exist, the cold storage strategy is determined to be: storing the remaining electricity generated after photovoltaic power generation in a cold storage system.

[0140] In one possible implementation, when it is predicted that the photovoltaic power generation in the first time period is greater than the load demand, when the second time period arrives, the proportion of electricity used by the photovoltaic equipment for cold storage is increased, and the proportion of electricity used by the photovoltaic equipment for the grid is decreased. The second time period is before the first time period.

[0141] In one possible implementation, when the photovoltaic device is applied to scenarios requiring low temperatures, ice storage is used for cold energy storage.

[0142] When the photovoltaic equipment is used in scenarios requiring normal temperature, water-based cooling is employed for energy storage.

[0143] In one possible implementation, the current photovoltaic power generation of the photovoltaic device is obtained;

[0144] When the current photovoltaic power generation is greater than a first threshold, the photovoltaic equipment is controlled to use a first phase change material for cold storage.

[0145] When the current photovoltaic power generation is less than a second threshold, the photovoltaic equipment is controlled to use a second phase change material for cold storage, the phase change temperature of the first phase change material is less than the phase change temperature of the second phase change material, and the second threshold is less than or equal to the first threshold.

[0146] The methods disclosed in the above embodiments of the present invention can be applied to or implemented by processor 501. Processor 501 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the above method can be completed by the integrated logic circuit of the hardware in processor 501 or by instructions in the form of software. The processor 501 may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. It can implement or execute the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the methods disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention can be directly embodied in the execution of a hardware decoding processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software units in the decoding processor. The software units may be located in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, or other mature storage media in the art. The storage medium is located in memory 502. Processor 501 reads the information in memory 502 and, in conjunction with its hardware, completes the steps of the above method.

[0147] It is understood that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, middleware, microcode, or a combination thereof. For hardware implementation, the processing unit can be implemented in one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), general-purpose processors, controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, other electronic units for performing the functions described herein, or combinations thereof.

[0148] For software implementation, the techniques described herein can be implemented by units that perform the functions described herein. The software code can be stored in memory and executed by a processor. The memory can be implemented in the processor or external to the processor.

[0149] The photovoltaic equipment provided in this embodiment can be as follows: Figure 5 The device shown can perform, for example Figure 1-2 All steps of the photovoltaic equipment control method are implemented to achieve... Figure 1-2 For details on the technical effects of the photovoltaic equipment control method shown, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1-2 The relevant descriptions are presented concisely and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0150] This invention also provides a storage medium (computer-readable storage medium). This storage medium stores one or more programs. The storage medium may include volatile memory, such as random access memory; it may also include non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory, flash memory, hard disk, or solid-state drive; and it may also include combinations of the above types of memory.

[0151] One or more programs in the storage medium can be executed by one or more processors to implement the photovoltaic device control method described above that is executed on the device side.

[0152] The processor is used to execute a photovoltaic device control program stored in the memory to implement the following steps of a photovoltaic device control method executed on the device side:

[0153] Based on the historical usage information and environmental information of the photovoltaic equipment, predict the photovoltaic power generation and load demand of the photovoltaic equipment in the future time period.

[0154] The power supply strategy and cold storage strategy of the photovoltaic equipment are determined based on the photovoltaic power generation and the load demand.

[0155] The photovoltaic equipment is controlled to supply power according to the power supply strategy, and the photovoltaic equipment is controlled to store cold according to the cold storage strategy.

[0156] In one possible implementation, the historical photovoltaic power supply data and historical load curve of the photovoltaic device within a historical time period are obtained as the historical usage information;

[0157] Obtain weather information for a future time period as the environmental information;

[0158] The historical usage information and the environmental information are input into the trained prediction model, so that the prediction model can output the photovoltaic power generation and the load demand.

[0159] In one possible implementation, when the photovoltaic power generation is less than the load demand, it is determined whether the cost of grid power supply is greater than the cost of cold storage energy supply.

[0160] If the cost of mains power supply is greater than the cost of cold energy storage power supply, then the power supply strategy is determined to be: power supply through photovoltaic power and power supply through cold energy storage; or, if the cost of mains power supply is less than the cost of cold energy storage power supply, then the power supply strategy is determined to be: power supply through photovoltaic power and power supply through mains power.

[0161] In one possible implementation, when the photovoltaic power generation is greater than or equal to the load demand, the power supply strategy is determined to be: power supply through photovoltaic power generation;

[0162] Determine whether the photovoltaic equipment is subject to grid connection restrictions;

[0163] If there are no grid connection restrictions and the cost of grid power supply is greater than the cost of cold storage energy supply, then the cold storage strategy is determined to be: to connect the remaining electricity after photovoltaic power supply to the grid; or, if there are no grid connection restrictions and the cost of grid power supply is less than the cost of cold storage energy supply, then the cold storage strategy is determined to be: to store the remaining electricity after photovoltaic power supply in cold storage.

[0164] If grid connection restrictions exist, the cold storage strategy is determined to be: storing the remaining electricity generated after photovoltaic power generation in a cold storage system.

[0165] In one possible implementation, when it is predicted that the photovoltaic power generation in the first time period is greater than the load demand, when the second time period arrives, the proportion of electricity used by the photovoltaic equipment for cold storage is increased, and the proportion of electricity used by the photovoltaic equipment for the grid is decreased. The second time period is before the first time period.

[0166] In one possible implementation, when the photovoltaic device is applied to scenarios requiring low temperatures, ice storage is used for cold energy storage.

[0167] When the photovoltaic equipment is used in scenarios requiring normal temperature, water-based cooling is employed for energy storage.

[0168] In one possible implementation, the current photovoltaic power generation of the photovoltaic device is obtained;

[0169] When the current photovoltaic power generation is greater than a first threshold, the photovoltaic equipment is controlled to use a first phase change material for cold storage.

[0170] When the current photovoltaic power generation is less than a second threshold, the photovoltaic equipment is controlled to use a second phase change material for cold storage, the phase change temperature of the first phase change material is less than the phase change temperature of the second phase change material, and the second threshold is less than or equal to the first threshold.

[0171] Those skilled in the art will further recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this invention.

[0172] The steps of the methods or algorithms described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in hardware, a software module executed by a processor, or a combination of both. The software module can be located in random access memory (RAM), main memory, read-only memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.

[0173] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic equipment control method, characterized in that, include: Based on the historical usage information and environmental information of the photovoltaic equipment, predict the photovoltaic power generation and load demand of the photovoltaic equipment in the future time period. The power supply strategy and cold storage strategy of the photovoltaic equipment are determined based on the photovoltaic power generation and the load demand. The photovoltaic equipment is controlled to supply power according to the power supply strategy, and the photovoltaic equipment is controlled to store cold according to the cold storage strategy. The step of determining the power supply strategy for the photovoltaic equipment based on the photovoltaic power generation and the load demand includes: When the photovoltaic power generation is less than the load demand, determine whether the cost of grid power supply is greater than the cost of cold storage energy supply. If the cost of mains power supply is greater than the cost of cold energy storage power supply, then the power supply strategy is determined to be: power supply through photovoltaic power and power supply through cold energy storage; or, if the cost of mains power supply is less than the cost of cold energy storage power supply, then the power supply strategy is determined to be: power supply through photovoltaic power and power supply through mains power. The method further includes: obtaining the current photovoltaic power generation of the photovoltaic device; When the current photovoltaic power generation is greater than a first threshold, the photovoltaic equipment is controlled to use a first phase change material for cold storage. When the current photovoltaic power generation is less than the second threshold, the photovoltaic equipment is controlled to use the second phase change material for cold storage, the phase change temperature of the first phase change material is less than the phase change temperature of the second phase change material, and the second threshold is less than or equal to the first threshold. The method further includes: integrating the photovoltaic air conditioning system with the electric vehicle charging system, prioritizing charging the electric vehicle when the photovoltaic power supply is sufficient, and simultaneously performing cold storage operation.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of predicting the photovoltaic power generation and load demand of the photovoltaic equipment in a future time period based on the historical usage information and environmental information of the photovoltaic equipment includes: The historical photovoltaic power supply data and historical load curve of the photovoltaic equipment within a historical time period are obtained as the historical usage information. Obtain weather information for a future time period as the environmental information; The historical usage information and the environmental information are input into the trained prediction model, so that the prediction model can output the photovoltaic power generation and the load demand.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the power supply strategy and cold storage strategy of the photovoltaic equipment based on the photovoltaic power generation and the load demand includes: When the photovoltaic power generation is greater than or equal to the load demand, the power supply strategy is determined to be: power supply through photovoltaic power generation; Determine whether the photovoltaic equipment is subject to grid connection restrictions; If there are no grid connection restrictions and the cost of grid power supply is greater than the cost of cold storage energy supply, then the cold storage strategy is determined to be: to connect the remaining electricity after photovoltaic power supply to the grid; or, if there are no grid connection restrictions and the cost of grid power supply is less than the cost of cold storage energy supply, then the cold storage strategy is determined to be: to store the remaining electricity after photovoltaic power supply in cold storage. If grid connection restrictions exist, the cold storage strategy is determined to be: storing the remaining electricity generated after photovoltaic power generation in a cold storage system.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method further includes: If it is predicted that the photovoltaic power generation in the first time period is greater than the load demand, then when the second time period arrives, the proportion of electricity used by the photovoltaic equipment for cold storage will be increased, and the proportion of electricity used by the photovoltaic equipment for the grid will be decreased. The second time period is before the first time period.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: When the photovoltaic equipment is applied to scenarios requiring low temperatures, ice storage is used for cold energy storage. When the photovoltaic equipment is used in scenarios requiring normal temperature, water-based cooling is employed for energy storage.

6. A photovoltaic equipment control device, characterized in that, include: The prediction module is used to predict the photovoltaic power generation and load demand of the photovoltaic equipment in a future time period based on the historical usage information and environmental information of the photovoltaic equipment. The determination module is used to determine the power supply strategy and cold storage strategy of the photovoltaic equipment based on the photovoltaic power generation and the load demand. The control module is used to control the photovoltaic equipment to supply power according to the power supply strategy, and to control the photovoltaic equipment to store cold according to the cold storage strategy. The determining module is specifically used to determine whether the cost of grid power supply is greater than the cost of cold storage energy supply when the photovoltaic power generation is less than the load demand power. If the cost of mains power supply is greater than the cost of cold energy storage power supply, then the power supply strategy is determined to be: power supply through photovoltaic power and power supply through cold energy storage; or, if the cost of mains power supply is less than the cost of cold energy storage power supply, then the power supply strategy is determined to be: power supply through photovoltaic power and power supply through mains power. The control module is also used to obtain the current photovoltaic power generation of the photovoltaic equipment; When the current photovoltaic power generation is greater than a first threshold, the photovoltaic equipment is controlled to use a first phase change material for cold storage. When the current photovoltaic power generation is less than the second threshold, the photovoltaic equipment is controlled to use the second phase change material for cold storage, the phase change temperature of the first phase change material is less than the phase change temperature of the second phase change material, and the second threshold is less than or equal to the first threshold. The photovoltaic air conditioning system is integrated with the electric vehicle charging system. When the photovoltaic power supply is sufficient, the system prioritizes charging electric vehicles and simultaneously performs cold storage operations.

7. A photovoltaic device, characterized in that, include: A processor and a memory, the processor being configured to execute a photovoltaic device control program stored in the memory to implement the photovoltaic device control method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. A storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium stores one or more programs, which can be executed by one or more processors to implement the photovoltaic device control method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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