Relief valve, rocket engine and rocket

Abstract

The invention relates to a release valve, a rocket engine and a rocket. The discharge valve comprises a shell assembly, a main valve element, a limiting piece, a guide valve element, a driving mechanism, a first reset piece and a second reset piece. The shell assembly is provided with a containing cavity, a medium inlet and a medium outlet. The main valve element is arranged in the containing cavity, the main valve element is provided with a first opening position and a first closing position, and the main valve element is provided with a liquid passing cavity and a liquid passing hole. The limiting piece is fixed in the liquid passing cavity, the pilot valve element is arranged in the liquid passing cavity and located on the side, close to the medium outlet, of the limiting piece, and the pilot valve element is provided with a second opening position and a second closing position. And the driving mechanism is connected with the pilot valve core. The first reset piece is connected with the main valve element, the second reset piece is connected with the guide valve element, the size of a driving mechanism can be reduced through the release valve, and therefore the weight of the release valve is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of rocket engine valves, in particular to a bleed valve, a rocket engine and a rocket. BACKGROUND

[0002] Reducing cost, improving maintainability and universality are the future development trends of liquid rocket engines, which puts forward new requirements for the design concept of valve products in the engine system. The bleed valve is an important component of the valve products in the rocket engine. During the engine shutdown stage, the bleed valve is opened to realize the bleed of the propellant of the engine.

[0003] In related technologies, the valve core of the bleed valve of the rocket engine adopts a direct-acting structure. When the pressure and flow rate are high, a large thrust is required to open the valve core, which leads to a large size of the top rod or piston structure for driving the valve core to act, resulting in a large size of the bleed valve structure and an increase in the weight of the bleed valve. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a bleed valve, a rocket engine and a rocket in view of the problem of the large size of the direct-acting valve structure of the current liquid rocket engine.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a bleed valve, comprising:

[0006] a housing assembly, the housing assembly being provided with a cavity, a medium inlet and a medium outlet which are in communication with the cavity wall of the cavity;

[0007] a main valve core, the main valve core being movably arranged in the cavity and being in gap cooperation with the cavity wall of the cavity, the main valve core having a first opening position in which the medium inlet and the medium outlet are in communication, and a first closing position in which the medium inlet and the medium outlet are isolated; the main valve core is provided with a liquid passing cavity which penetrates one end of the main valve core away from the medium outlet, and the main valve core is further provided with a liquid passing hole at one end close to the medium outlet;

[0008] a limiting piece, the limiting piece being arranged in the liquid passing cavity and being fixedly connected with the main valve core, the limiting piece being provided with a liquid passing channel which penetrates;

[0009] a pilot valve core, the pilot valve core being movably arranged in the liquid passing cavity and being located at one side of the limiting piece close to the liquid passing hole, the pilot valve core having a second opening position in which the liquid passing hole is opened, and a second closing position in which the liquid passing hole is blocked, and when the pilot valve core is in the second opening position, the pilot valve core abuts against the limiting piece;

[0010] a driving mechanism connected with the pilot spool, the driving mechanism being configured to drive the pilot spool to move from the second closed position to the second open position, and to drive the main spool to move from the first closed position to the first open position by the pilot spool entering the second open position through the limiting member;

[0011] a first reset member, one end of the first reset member being connected with the housing assembly, the other end of the first reset member being connected with the limiting member, the first reset member being configured to drive the main spool to reset to the first closed position; and

[0012] a second reset member, one end of the second reset member being connected with the limiting member, the other end of the second reset member being connected with the pilot spool, the second reset member being configured to drive the pilot spool to reset to the second closed position.

[0013] The technical solutions are further described as follows:

[0014] In one of the embodiments, the housing assembly comprises a housing and a first end cover, the accommodating cavity extends through two ends of the housing, the medium inlet and the medium outlet are respectively formed on opposite sides of the housing, and the medium inlet and the medium outlet are spaced apart in the axial direction of the housing, a first boss is formed on the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity, and the first boss is located between the medium inlet and the medium outlet.

[0015] The main spool is located on the side of the first boss away from the medium outlet, and a first sealing member is arranged on the end of the main spool close to the medium outlet; when the main spool is in the first closed position, the first sealing member is in sealing abutment with the first boss to separate the medium inlet and the medium outlet; when the main spool is in the first open position, the first sealing member is separated from at least part of the first boss to communicate the medium inlet and the medium outlet.

[0016] The first end cover is sealingly connected to one end of the housing, and the driving mechanism is sealingly connected to the other end of the housing.

[0017] In one of the embodiments, a second boss is formed between the liquid passing hole and the liquid passing cavity, a second sealing member is arranged on the end of the pilot spool close to the second boss, the second sealing member is in sealing abutment with the second boss when the pilot spool is in the second closed position to block the liquid passing hole, and the second sealing member is separated from at least part of the second boss when the pilot spool is in the second open position to open the liquid passing hole.

[0018] In one of the embodiments, the driving mechanism comprises:

[0019] a cylinder shell, which is provided with a piston cavity, and which is connected to the shell away from the first end cover;

[0020] a piston member, which is movably arranged in the piston cavity;

[0021] a top rod, one end of which is connected to the piston member, and the other end of which is arranged opposite to the pilot valve core after penetrating through the liquid passage of the cylinder shell and the liquid passage of the pilot valve core;

[0022] a second end cover, which is connected to the cylinder shell away from the shell, and which is provided with a gas control port for communicating with the piston cavity, the gas control port being used for introducing control gas to drive the piston member to move towards the main valve core, so as to drive the top rod to drive the pilot valve core to move to the second open position, and drive the main valve core to move to the first open position; and

[0023] a third reset member, which is connected to the piston member, and which is used to drive the piston member to move away from the main valve core, so as to reset the piston member.

[0024] In one of the embodiments, a first spring energy storage sealing ring is arranged between the piston member and the cylinder shell; and / or, a second spring energy storage sealing ring is arranged between the top rod and the cylinder shell.

[0025] In one of the embodiments, the diameter of the piston member is greater than the diameter of the pilot valve core.

[0026] In one of the embodiments, the driving mechanism further comprises a discharge nozzle, which is connected to the cylinder shell, and which is provided with a discharge port for communicating with the piston cavity, the discharge port being used for discharging working medium into the piston cavity; and / or,

[0027] The piston member is provided with a weight-reducing hole, which penetrates through one end of the piston member away from the top rod to form an orifice, and which is provided with a plug for plugging the orifice.

[0028] In one of the embodiments, the outer wall of the main valve core is provided with an annular pressure equalizing groove; and / or, the pilot valve core is provided with a liquid passage groove for communicating working medium.

[0029] In a second aspect, the application further provides a rocket engine comprising the discharge valve.

[0030] In a third aspect, the application further provides a rocket comprising the rocket engine.

[0031] In the aforementioned venting valve, rocket engine, and rocket, the venting valve features a liquid passage chamber and a liquid passage orifice in the main valve core. A pilot valve core is positioned within the liquid passage chamber, and this pilot valve core has a second open position (opening the liquid passage orifice) and a second closed position (closing the liquid passage orifice). Thus, when the venting valve needs to be opened, the smaller-diameter pilot valve core is first moved to the second open position via a drive mechanism. This allows the working medium entering the liquid passage chamber from the gap between the main valve core and the chamber wall to be discharged through the liquid passage orifice, relieving the pressure of the working medium on the main valve core. Subsequently, driven by the drive mechanism, the pilot valve core moves the main valve core to the first open position, thereby opening the venting valve and ensuring that the working medium can flow from the medium inlet to the medium outlet. Compared to traditional direct-acting valve bodies that directly drive the main valve core to open, the venting valve of this application significantly reduces the driving force required to open the main valve core by first driving the pilot valve core to open and relieve the pressure of the working medium on the main valve core before driving the main valve core to open. Because the diameter of the pilot valve core is smaller than that of the main valve core, the driving force required to open the pilot valve core first is also smaller under the same working medium pressure. This reduces the structural strength requirements of the drive mechanism and the size of the drive mechanism, thereby reducing the size and weight of the discharge valve, and ultimately reducing the size and weight of the rocket and rocket engine. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments of this application and their descriptions are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application.

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Furthermore, the accompanying drawings are not drawn to a 1:1 scale, and the relative dimensions of the various components are shown as examples only and not necessarily to scale. In the accompanying drawings:

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a relief valve according to one embodiment.

[0036] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the drain valve in the closed state.

[0037] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the drain valve in the open state.

[0038] Figure 4Structure schematic diagram of main valve core of bleed valve of an embodiment.

[0039] Figure 5 Structure schematic diagram of pilot valve core of bleed valve of an embodiment.

[0040] Figure 6 Structure schematic diagram of driving mechanism of bleed valve of an embodiment.

[0041] Explanation of reference signs:

[0042] 10, housing assembly; 11, housing; 111, medium inlet; 112, medium outlet; 113, cavity; 114, first boss; 12, first end cover; 121, first sealing gasket; 20, driving mechanism; 21, cylinder shell; 211, piston cavity; 212, second sealing gasket; 22, second end cover; 221, pneumatic control port; 222, third sealing gasket; 23, piston piece; 231, weight-reducing hole; 232, plug; 24, top rod; 25, third return piece; 26, discharge nozzle; 261, discharge port; 271, second spring-energized seal ring; 272, second blocking ring; 273, first spring-energized seal ring; 274, first blocking ring; 30, main valve core; 31, liquid passage cavity; 32, liquid passage hole; 33, annular pressure equalizing groove; 34, first sealing piece; 35, second boss; 40, pilot valve core; 41, second sealing piece; 42, liquid passage groove; 50, limiting piece; 51, liquid passage channel; 61, first return piece; 62, second return piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the above objectives, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present application are described in detail below in combination with the drawings. In the following description, a large number of specific details are set forth in order to fully understand the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without departing from the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0044] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that if these terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0045] In addition, the terms "first", "second", and the like, if any, are used herein for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" can include at least one of the features explicitly or implicitly. In the description of the present application, the term "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited.

[0046] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connection", "fixing" and the like should be interpreted in a broad sense. For example, it can be fixedly connected, or detachably connected, or integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0047] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, if there is a description such as "on" or "under" of the first feature to the second feature, it can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature "above", "over" and "on" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or only means that the first feature is higher than the second feature in horizontal height. The first feature "below", "under" and "under" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or only means that the first feature is lower than the second feature in horizontal height.

[0048] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there can be a middle element. If an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there can be a middle element. If present, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "up", "down", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in the present application are only for illustrative purposes and do not represent the only implementation.

[0049] As described in the background, the current direct-acting structure of the relief valve, in high pressure and large flow, the thrust required to open the valve core is large, resulting in the size of the top rod or piston structure to push the valve core action, resulting in the size of the relief valve structure, increasing the weight of the relief valve. The reason is that when the valve core is closed, the working medium will enter the side of the valve core away from the top rod along the gap between the valve core and the shell, resulting in a higher load on the side of the valve core away from the top rod. When the top rod pushes the valve core to open, it needs to overcome a large load, resulting in a large driving force required to open the valve core, and at the same time, the structure strength of the top rod is also higher, so that the size of the top rod is large, resulting in the size of the relief valve structure, increasing the weight of the relief valve.

[0050] Based on this, an embodiment of the present application provides a relief valve, which can be used for liquid rocket engine liquid oxygen path, and can realize the relief of residual liquid oxygen in the rocket engine after shutdown. It can also be used in other ultra-low temperature working medium (liquid methane, liquid hydrogen) and normal temperature working medium (kerosene) engine systems, which is not limited here. Specifically, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 An embodiment of the relief valve includes a housing assembly 10, a main valve core, a limiting piece, a guide valve core 40, a driving mechanism 20, a first reset piece 61 and a second reset piece 62. Among them:

[0051] See Figure 2 The housing assembly 10 is provided with a cavity 113, a medium inlet 111 and a medium outlet 112, the medium inlet 111 and the medium outlet 112 are communicated with the cavity 113, the medium inlet 111 is used for the working medium to enter the cavity 113, and the medium outlet 112 is used for the working medium to flow out of the cavity 113, wherein the working medium includes but is not limited to liquid oxygen, liquid methane, liquid hydrogen and kerosene.

[0052] See Figure 2 The main valve core 30 is movably arranged in the cavity 113 and gap-fitted with the cavity wall of the cavity 113, and the main valve core 30 has a first opening position and a first closing position. See Figure 3 In the first opening position, the medium inlet 111 and the medium outlet 112 are communicated, so that the working medium can flow into the cavity 113 from the medium inlet 111, and flow out from the medium outlet 112. See Figure 2 In the first closing position, the medium inlet 111 and the medium outlet 112 are separated, so as to block the working medium flow between the medium inlet 111 and the medium outlet 112.

[0053] Continue to see Figure 2Further, the main valve core 30 is provided with a liquid passing cavity 31, the liquid passing cavity 31 penetrates through one end of the main valve core 30 away from the medium outlet 112, and the one end of the main valve core 30 close to the medium outlet 112 is further provided with a liquid passing hole 32. It is easily understood that when the main valve core 30 is in the first closed position, the working medium entering from the medium inlet 111 can enter the liquid passing cavity 31 along the cooperation gap between the main valve core 30 and the cavity wall of the cavity 113.

[0054] Referring to Figure 2 The limiting piece 50 is arranged in the liquid passing cavity 31 and fixedly connected with the main valve core 30, and the limiting piece 50 is provided with a liquid passing channel 51 penetrating through for the flow of the working medium. Optionally, the limiting piece 50 can be a threaded plug, and the limiting piece 50 is threadedly connected with the cavity wall of the liquid passing cavity 31, thereby facilitating the installation and dismounting of the limiting piece 50.

[0055] Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The pilot valve core 40 is movably arranged in the liquid passing cavity 31, and the pilot valve core 40 is located on the side of the limiting piece 50 close to the liquid passing hole 32. The pilot valve core 40 has a second opening position for opening the liquid passing hole 32 and a second closed position for blocking the liquid passing hole 32, and when the pilot valve core 40 is in the second opening position, the pilot valve core 40 abuts against the limiting piece 50. It is easily understood that when the pilot valve core 40 is in the second closed position, the liquid passing hole 32 is blocked by the pilot valve core 40, and the pilot valve core 40 can be maintained in the second closed position under the high pressure of the working medium in the liquid passing cavity 31. When the pilot valve core 40 is in the second opening position, the working medium in the liquid passing cavity 31 can flow out from the liquid passing hole 32, and the pilot valve core 40 entering the second opening position is limited by the abutment of the limiting piece 50, and the thrust of the pilot valve core 40 entering the second opening position can be transmitted to the main valve core 30 through the limiting piece 50, so that the pilot valve core 40 drives the main valve core 30 to move.

[0056] The driving mechanism 20 is connected with the pilot valve core 40, and the driving mechanism 20 is used for driving the pilot valve core 40 to move from the second closed position to the second opening position, and driving the pilot valve core 40 entering the second opening position to drive the main valve core 30 to move from the first closed position to the first opening position, so as to realize the opening of the relief valve, and at this time the working medium can flow from the medium inlet 111 to the medium outlet 112.

[0057] Referring to Figure 2 One end of the first reset piece 61 abuts against the housing assembly 10, and the other end of the first reset piece 61 abuts against the limiting piece 50, and the first reset piece 61 is used for driving the main valve core 30 to reset to the first closed position. Optionally, the first reset piece 61 can be a linear spring.

[0058] Similarly, the second reset member 62 is connected with the pilot valve core 40, and the second reset member 62 is used to drive the pilot valve core 40 to reset to the second closed position. Optionally, the second reset member 62 can be a linear spring. Specifically, one end of the second reset member 62 abuts against the limiting member 50, and the other end of the second reset member 62 is connected with a spring seat and abuts against the pilot valve core 40 through the spring seat, so as to realize pushing the pilot valve core 40 to reset.

[0059] Specifically, the structure schematic diagram of the relief valve in the closed state is shown in Figure 2 , Figure 2 . When the relief valve is in the closed state, the main valve core 30 is maintained in the first closed position under the joint action of the first reset member 61 and the working medium entering the liquid passage cavity 31, at this time, the main valve core 30 interrupts the passage between the medium inlet 111 and the medium outlet 112, so as to block the working medium communication between the medium inlet 111 and the medium outlet 112. At the same time, the pilot valve core 40 is maintained in the second closed position under the joint action of the second reset member 62 and the working medium entering the liquid passage cavity 31, at this time, the pilot valve core 40 blocks the liquid passage hole 32, so as to ensure that the main valve core 30 and the pilot valve core 40 jointly interrupt the passage between the medium inlet 111 and the medium outlet 112, form a reliable seal, and realize the closing of the relief valve.

[0060] Further, as shown in Figure 3 , when it is needed to open the relief valve, the driving mechanism 20 first drives the pilot valve core 40 to move to the second open position against the reset force of the second reset member 62 and the pressure of the working medium in the liquid passage cavity 31, at this time, the liquid passage hole 32 is opened, and the working medium in the liquid passage cavity 31 can flow out from the liquid passage hole 32, so that the pressure of the working medium away from the medium outlet 112 side of the main valve core 30 is reduced. At the same time, the pilot valve core 40 abuts against the limiting member 50, and as the driving mechanism 20 continues to drive the pilot valve core 40 to move away from the medium outlet 112, the pilot valve core 40 can drive the main valve core 30 to move to the first open position against the reset force of the first reset member 61 and the pressure of the working medium through the limiting member 50, at this time, the relief valve is opened, and the working medium can flow from the medium inlet 111 to the medium outlet 112.

[0061] In the above-mentioned relief valve, the through liquid cavity 31 and the through liquid hole 32 are formed in the main valve core 30, and the pilot valve core 40 is arranged in the through liquid cavity 31 and has the second opening position for opening the through liquid hole 32 and the second closing position for blocking the through liquid hole 32. Thus, when the relief valve needs to be opened, the driving mechanism 20 first drives the pilot valve core 40 with a smaller diameter to move to the second opening position, so that the working medium in the cooperation gap between the main valve core 30 and the cavity wall of the cavity 113 can be discharged from the through liquid hole 32 to release the pressure of the working medium in the through liquid cavity 31 on the main valve core 30, and then under the continuous driving of the driving mechanism 20, the pilot valve core 40 drives the main valve core 30 to move to the first opening position, so that the relief valve can be opened and the working medium can flow from the medium inlet 111 to the medium outlet 112. Compared with the direct-acting valve body in which the main valve core 30 is directly driven to open, the relief valve of the present application can greatly reduce the driving force required to open the main valve core 30 by first driving the pilot valve core 40 to open and then driving the main valve core 30 to open. Since the diameter of the pilot valve core 40 is smaller than that of the main valve core 30, the driving force required to first open the pilot valve core 40 is smaller under the same working medium pressure, thereby reducing the structural strength requirement of the driving mechanism 20, further reducing the size of the driving mechanism 20, and finally realizing the reduction of the size and weight of the relief valve.

[0062] Referring to Figure 2 In some embodiments, the housing assembly 10 includes the housing 11 and the first end cover 12, the cavity 113 penetrates through both ends of the housing 11, the medium inlet 111 and the medium outlet 112 are respectively formed on the opposite sides of the housing 11, and the medium inlet 111 and the medium outlet 112 are spaced apart in the axial direction of the housing 11, that is, the medium inlet 111 and the medium outlet 112 are arranged in axial displacement on the housing 11. Understandably, in other embodiments, the medium inlet 111 and the medium outlet 112 can also be arranged oppositely or at a right angle, which is not limited herein.

[0063] Further, the cavity wall of the cavity 113 is formed with a first boss 114 between the medium inlet 111 and the medium outlet 112. The main valve core 30 is located on the side of the first boss 114 away from the medium outlet 112, and the first end of the main valve core 30 close to the medium outlet 112 is provided with a first sealing piece 34. When the main valve core 30 is in the first closing position, the first sealing piece 34 abuts against the first boss 114 to separate the medium inlet 111 and the medium outlet 112. When the main valve core 30 is in the first opening position, the first sealing piece 34 is separated from the first boss 114 to communicate the medium inlet 111 and the medium outlet 112.

[0064] The first boss 114 and the first sealing member 34 can improve the blocking effect of the main valve core 30 on the passage between the medium inlet 111 and the medium outlet 112. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the medium inlet 111 or the medium outlet 112 can be directly blocked by the main valve core 30 to block the passage between the medium inlet 111 and the medium outlet 112, thereby eliminating the need to set the first boss 114 and the first sealing member 34.

[0065] Optionally, the first sealing member 34 can be a non-metallic sealing material, and the end face of the end of the main valve core 30 close to the medium outlet 112 is provided with a first annular embedding groove, and the first sealing member 34 is embedded in the first annular embedding groove, thereby ensuring reliable connection between the first sealing member 34 and the main valve core 30.

[0066] Referring to Figure 2 In some embodiments, the first end cover 12 is sealingly connected to one end of the housing 11, and the drive mechanism 20 is sealingly connected to the other end of the housing 11. Specifically, the first end cover 12 and the housing 11 can be connected by a flange with a stud and a nut, and the first end cover 12 and the housing 11 are provided with a first sealing gasket 121, thereby achieving sealing between the first end cover 12 and the housing 11. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the first end cover 12 and the housing 11 can also be an integral structure, which is not limited here.

[0067] Referring to Figure 2 , the drive mechanism 20 is sealingly connected to the other end of the housing 11. Similarly, the drive mechanism 20 and the housing 11 can be connected by a flange with a stud and a nut, and the drive mechanism 20 and the housing 11 are provided with a second sealing gasket 212, thereby achieving sealing between the drive mechanism 20 and the housing 11.

[0068] Referring to Figure 4 In some embodiments, a second boss 35 is formed between the liquid passage hole 32 and the liquid passage cavity 31. Referring to Figure 5 The pilot valve core 40 is provided with a second sealing member 41 at the end close to the second boss 35. In combination with Figure 2 When the pilot valve core 40 is in the second closed position, the second sealing member 41 abuts against the second boss 35 to block the liquid passage hole 32. In combination with Figure 3 When the pilot valve core 40 is in the second open position, the second sealing member 41 is separated from the second boss 35 to open the liquid passage hole 32. The second boss 35 and the second sealing member 41 can improve the blocking effect of the pilot valve core on the liquid passage hole 32. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the pilot valve core 40 can be directly embedded in the liquid passage hole 32 to block the liquid passage hole 32, thereby eliminating the need to set the second boss 35 and the second sealing member 41.

[0069] Optionally, the second sealing member 41 can be a non-metallic sealing material, and the end face of the pilot valve core 40 close to the liquid passage hole 32 is provided with a second annular embedding groove, and the second sealing member 41 is embedded in the second annular embedding groove, so as to ensure that the second sealing member 41 is reliably connected with the pilot valve core 40.

[0070] Referring to Figure 4 , the outer wall of the main valve core 30 is provided with an annular pressure equalizing groove 33, and optionally, the number of the annular pressure equalizing grooves 33 is multiple, and the multiple annular pressure equalizing grooves 33 are arranged along the axial direction of the main valve core 30. In this way, the working medium entering the cooperation gap between the main valve core 30 and the shell 11 can be uniformly distributed to the outer periphery of the main valve core 30 along the annular pressure equalizing groove 33, so as to improve the stability of the main valve core 30 during opening and closing.

[0071] Referring to Figure 5 , the pilot valve core 40 is provided with a liquid passage groove 42 for the flow of the working medium. Specifically, the liquid passage groove 42 penetrates the side wall of the pilot valve core 40, and the number of the liquid passage grooves 42 is multiple, and the multiple liquid passage grooves 42 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the pilot valve core 40. In this way, the obstruction of the working medium in the liquid passage cavity 31 to the opening process of the pilot valve core 40 can be reduced, and it is ensured that the pilot valve core 40 can be reliably opened to the second opening position.

[0072] Referring to Figure 6 In some embodiments, the driving mechanism 20 includes a cylinder shell 21, a piston member 23, a top rod 24, a second end cover 22 and a third reset member 25. Among them:

[0073] The cylinder shell 21 is provided with a piston cavity 211, and the cylinder shell 21 is connected with the shell 11 away from the first end cover 12. In combination Figure 2 Optionally, the flange connection with double-headed studs and nuts can be used between the cylinder shell 21 and the shell 11, and the second sealing gasket 212 is arranged between the cylinder shell 21 and the shell 11, so as to realize the sealing between the cylinder shell 21 and the shell 11.

[0074] The piston member 23 is movably arranged in the piston cavity 211, one end of the top rod 24 is connected with the piston member 23, and the other end of the top rod 24 is arranged opposite to the pilot valve core 40 after penetrating out of the cylinder shell 21 and penetrating through the liquid passage hole 32. Optionally, in an embodiment, the piston member 23 and the top rod 24 are an integral structure, and in other embodiments, the piston member 23 and the top rod 24 can be connected by thread connection, nesting connection or adhesion and the like.

[0075] The second end cover 22 is connected with the end of the cylinder shell 21 away from the shell 11. Optionally, the flange connection with double-headed studs and nuts can also be used between the second end cover 22 and the cylinder shell 21, and the third sealing gasket 222 is arranged between the second end cover 22 and the cylinder shell 21, so as to realize the sealing between the second end cover 22 and the cylinder shell 21.

[0076] Further, the second end cover 22 is provided with a gas control port 221 in communication with the piston cavity 211, and the gas control port 221 is used to introduce control gas to drive the piston 23 to move towards the main valve core 30, so as to drive the top rod 24 to drive the guide valve core 40 to move to the second open position, and drive the main valve core 30 to move to the first open position.

[0077] Specifically, by introducing high-pressure control gas into the gas control port 221, the piston 23 can be driven to move towards the main valve core 30, and the top rod 24 moves synchronously with the piston 23, so that the top rod 24 abuts against the guide valve core 40 and pushes the guide valve core 40 to move to the second open position. At this time, the guide valve core 40 abuts against the limiting piece 50, and the liquid passage hole 32 is opened, so as to release the pressure of the working medium in the liquid passage cavity 31 on the main valve core 30. With the continuous pushing of the guide valve core 40 by the top rod 24, the guide valve core 40 can drive the main valve core 30 to move to the first open position through the limiting piece 50, so as to realize the opening of the channel between the medium inlet 111 and the medium outlet 112.

[0078] Continuing to refer to Figure 6 The third reset piece 25 is connected with the piston 23, and the third reset piece 25 is used to drive the piston 23 to move away from the main valve core 30, so as to reset the piston 23. Specifically, the third reset piece 25 can be a linear spring, one end of the third reset piece 25 abuts against the cylinder shell 21, and the other end of the third reset piece 25 abuts against the piston 23. In this way, when the gas control port 221 is not introduced with control gas or the control gas is removed, the piston 23 can be reset to the initial position under the elastic force of the third reset piece 25 away from the main valve core 30, so that the top rod 24 is separated from the guide valve core 40, and the guide valve core 40 is reset to the second closed position under the joint action of the second reset piece 62 and the working medium entering the liquid passage cavity 31, and the main valve core 30 is reset to the first closed position under the joint action of the first reset piece 61 and the working medium entering the liquid passage cavity 31, so as to realize the closing of the relief valve.

[0079] Specifically, in the embodiment, the cylinder mechanism is used as the driving mechanism 20 to drive the guide valve core 40 and the main valve core 30 to open, and the control is simple. Since the cylinder mechanism is installed in the valve housing 11 in a scattered form, the designed cylinder mechanism is installed on the housing 11 as an independent part, and the structure and function are independent, which can be independently processed, assembled, tested, stored, and quickly replaced according to the requirements of product maintenance or product function change, etc., thereby improving the maintainability of the relief valve.

[0080] It is worth noting that in other embodiments, an electric push rod or an electromagnetic valve mechanism can also be used as the driving mechanism 20, which can also drive the guide valve core 40 and the main valve core 30 to open, which is not limited herein.

[0081] With reference to the foregoing Figure 6 Optionally, in some embodiments, a first spring-energized seal ring 273 is arranged between the piston member 23 and the cylinder shell 21, so as to seal the piston member 23 and the cylinder shell 21 and prevent leakage of the working medium. Specifically, the first spring-energized seal ring 273 is sleeved on one end of the piston member 23 close to the second end cover 22. Further, a first stop ring 274 is also sleeved on the one end of the piston member 23 close to the second end cover 22, and the first stop ring 274 is located on the side of the first spring-energized seal ring 273 close to the second end cover 22. The first stop ring 274 is used to limit the first spring-energized seal ring 273 and prevent the first spring-energized seal ring 273 from being separated from the piston member 23.

[0082] With reference to the foregoing Figure 6 In some embodiments, a second spring-energized seal ring 271 is arranged between the ejector rod 24 and the cylinder shell 21, so as to seal the ejector rod 24 and the cylinder shell 21 and prevent leakage of the working medium. Specifically, the second spring-energized seal ring 271 is sleeved on the section of the ejector rod 24 that penetrates out of the piston cavity 211. Further, a second stop ring 272 is also sleeved on the ejector rod 24, and the second stop ring 272 is located on the side of the second spring-energized seal ring 271 close to the main valve core 30. The second stop ring 272 is used to limit the second spring-energized seal ring 271 and prevent the second spring-energized seal ring 271 from being separated from the ejector rod 24.

[0083] Specifically, in the present embodiment, the spring-energized seal ring is used instead of the bellows as the dynamic seal of the conventional ultra-low temperature valve. The reason is that the bellows has the disadvantages of complex structure, weak pressure-bearing capacity, small deformation displacement due to thickening of the bellows wall and increased rigidity at high pressure, high cost and long development cycle due to difficult processing by hydraulic forming or other process methods. The spring-energized seal ring has the advantages of theoretically unlimited displacement of the dynamic seal, simple structure of the spring + outer non-metallic skeleton capable of bearing high pressure, and easy procurement. These advantages can simplify the design of the dynamic seal of the exhaust valve, reduce the development and manufacturing cost of the exhaust valve, shorten the development cycle of the exhaust valve, and improve the economy of the exhaust valve. In addition, the simple structure of the spring-energized seal ring can also meet the weight reduction requirement.

[0084] In some embodiments, the diameter of the piston member 23 is greater than the diameter of the pilot valve core 40. Specifically, according to the pressure formula, the pressure is inversely proportional to the pressure-bearing area under the condition of constant force. Therefore, by configuring the diameter of the piston member 23 to be greater than the diameter of the pilot valve core 40, the piston member 23 can be driven by smaller air pressure to drive the pilot valve core 40 to move against larger working medium pressure, so as to ensure that the pilot valve core 40 can be smoothly pushed open under lower control pressure.

[0085] Referring to Figure 6 The driving mechanism 20 further comprises a discharge nozzle 26 connected with the cylinder shell 21, the discharge nozzle 26 is provided with a discharge port 261 communicated to the piston cavity 211, the discharge port 261 is used for discharging the working medium into the piston cavity to prevent the working medium from affecting the movement of the piston piece 23. Optionally, the discharge nozzle 26 is connected at the flange of the cylinder shell 21. The number of the discharge nozzles 26 can be multiple, for example, two, three, four or more discharge nozzles 26 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the cylinder shell 21.

[0086] Referring to Figure 6 In some embodiments, the piston piece 23 is provided with a lightening hole 231 penetrating through the piston piece 23 away from the end of the ejector rod 24 to form an orifice, the lightening hole 231 is provided with a plug 232 sealing the orifice. The weight of the relief valve can be further reduced through the lightening hole 231. By sealing the orifice of the lightening hole 231 with the plug 232, the control gas can be prevented from entering the lightening hole 231, the amount of the control gas required can be reduced, and the response time of the relief valve can be improved.

[0087] In some embodiments, the present application further provides a rocket engine, which can be a liquid rocket engine. The rocket engine of an embodiment comprises the relief valve of any of the above embodiments, which can be used in the liquid oxygen path of the liquid rocket engine to realize the discharge of the residual liquid oxygen in the rocket engine after the engine is shut down.

[0088] In some embodiments, the present application further provides a rocket, which can be a liquid rocket. The rocket of an embodiment comprises the rocket engine of any of the above embodiments.

[0089] The relief valve opens the relief valve by first driving the smaller diameter pilot valve core 40 to the second open position using the drive mechanism 20, which allows the working medium in the working gap between the main valve core 30 and the cavity wall of the cavity 113 to enter the through-cavity 31 and be discharged from the through-hole 32, thereby relieving the pressure of the working medium in the through-cavity 31 on the main valve core 30, and then driving the main valve core 30 to the first open position by the pilot valve core 40 under the drive of the drive mechanism 20, which can realize the opening of the relief valve and ensure that the working medium can flow from the medium inlet 111 to the medium outlet 112. Compared with the traditional direct drive main valve core 30 opening straight valve body, the relief valve of the present application can greatly reduce the driving force required to open the main valve core 30 by first driving the pilot valve core 40 to open and then driving the main valve core 30 to open, thereby greatly reducing the driving force required to open the main valve core 30. Since the diameter of the pilot valve core 40 is smaller than that of the main valve core 30, the driving force required to open the pilot valve core 40 is also smaller under the same working medium pressure, thereby reducing the structural strength requirement of the drive mechanism 20, reducing the size of the drive mechanism 20, and further realizing the reduction of the size and weight of the relief valve, and ultimately realizing the reduction of the size and weight of the rocket and rocket engine.

[0090] The technical features of the above-described embodiments can be combined in any manner. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described, but as long as the combinations of the technical features do not exist contradictions, they should be considered within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0091] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation manners of the present application, and the description is more specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as a limitation on the patent scope of the application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which are within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the patent protection scope of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A bleed valve characterized in that, The utility model relates to a valve device, comprising: a housing assembly having a cavity, a medium inlet and a medium outlet in communication with the cavity; a main valve core movably arranged in the cavity and in clearance fit with the cavity wall, the main valve core having a first open position for connecting the medium inlet and the medium outlet, and a first closed position for isolating the medium inlet and the medium outlet; the main valve core having a liquid passage cavity penetrating through one end of the main valve core away from the medium outlet, and a liquid passage hole arranged at one end of the main valve core close to the medium outlet; a limiting member arranged in the liquid passage cavity and fixedly connected with the main valve core, the limiting member having a liquid passage channel penetrating through; a pilot valve core movably arranged in the liquid passage cavity and located at one side of the limiting member close to the liquid passage hole, the pilot valve core having a second open position for opening the liquid passage hole and a second closed position for blocking the liquid passage hole, and the pilot valve core abutting against the limiting member when the pilot valve core is in the second open position; a driving mechanism connected with the pilot valve core, the driving mechanism being used for driving the pilot valve core to move from the second closed position to the second open position, and driving the main valve core to move from the first closed position to the first open position through the limiting member when the pilot valve core enters the second open position; a first reset member having one end connected with the housing assembly and the other end connected with the limiting member, the first reset member being used for driving the main valve core to reset to the first closed position; and a second reset member having one end connected with the limiting member and the other end connected with the second reset member and the pilot valve core, the second reset member being used for driving the pilot valve core to reset to the second closed position. The housing assembly comprises a housing and a first end cover, the cavity penetrating through two ends of the housing, the medium inlet and the medium outlet being arranged at opposite sides of the housing respectively, and the medium inlet and the medium outlet being spaced apart in the axial direction of the housing, the cavity wall being formed with a first boss between the medium inlet and the medium outlet; 2. The spill valve of claim 1, wherein the main valve core being located at one side of the first boss away from the medium outlet, the main valve core having a first sealing member arranged at one end close to the medium outlet; the first sealing member being in sealing abutment with the first boss when the main valve core is in the first closed position, so as to isolate the medium inlet and the medium outlet; the first sealing member being separated from at least part of the first boss when the main valve core is in the first open position, so as to connect the medium inlet and the medium outlet; the first end cover being sealingly connected at one end of the housing, and the driving mechanism being sealingly connected at the other end of the housing. ​ 3. The spill valve of claim 1, wherein, A second boss is formed between the through hole and the through cavity, and the guide valve core is provided with a second sealing element at one end close to the second boss. When the guide valve core is in the second closed position, the second sealing element is in sealing abutment with the second boss to block the through hole. When the guide valve core is in the second open position, the second sealing element is separated from at least part of the second boss to open the through hole.

4. The spill valve of claim 2, wherein, The driving mechanism comprises: A cylinder shell is connected to one end of the shell away from the first end cover, and the cylinder shell is provided with a piston cavity; A piston element is movably arranged in the piston cavity; A top rod is connected at one end to the piston element, and the other end of the top rod is arranged opposite to the guide valve core after penetrating out of the cylinder shell and through the through hole; A second end cover is connected to one end of the cylinder shell away from the shell, and the second end cover is provided with a gas control port in communication with the piston cavity, the gas control port being used for introducing control gas to drive the piston element to move towards the main valve core, to drive the top rod to drive the guide valve core to move to the second open position, and to drive the main valve core to move to the first open position; and A third reset element is connected to the piston element, and the third reset element is used to drive the piston element to move away from the main valve core to reset the piston element.

5. The spill valve of claim 4, wherein, A first spring energy storage sealing ring is arranged between the piston element and the cylinder shell; and / or, a second spring energy storage sealing ring is arranged between the top rod and the cylinder shell.

6. The spill valve of claim 4, wherein, The diameter of the piston element is greater than the diameter of the guide valve core.

7. The spill valve of claim 4, wherein, The driving mechanism further comprises a discharge nozzle connected to the cylinder shell, and the discharge nozzle is provided with a discharge port in communication with the piston cavity, the discharge port being used for discharging working medium into the piston cavity; and / or, The piston element is provided with a weight-reducing hole penetrating through one end of the piston element away from the top rod to form an orifice, and the weight-reducing hole is provided with a plug blocking the orifice.

8. The spill valve according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein, The outer wall of the main valve core is provided with an annular pressure equalizing groove; and / or, the guide valve core is provided with a through cavity for the flow of working medium.

9. A rocket engine, characterized by The relief valve comprises the relief valve according to any one of claims 1-8.

10. A rocket, characterized in that The rocket engine comprises the relief valve according to claim 9.

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