Three-dimensional modeling-based complex mountain photovoltaic construction system and construction method

Abstract

The invention provides a complex mountain photovoltaic construction system and construction method based on three-dimensional modeling, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, a target area is scanned to generate a digital elevation model, rock and soil mass mechanical parameters are obtained, and a three-dimensional geologic model containing earth surface and underground information is constructed; in the model, screening feasible mounting areas according to a slope condition, further calculating suitability indexes of all support foot point locations based on bearing capacity, settlement uniformity and slope stability scores, screening available point locations, and performing combination optimization; the optimal installation scheme is selected by evaluating the geometric stability of the point position combination, the installation priority is dynamically determined according to the stability and the installation distance, and safe and efficient photovoltaic system arrangement and construction are achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a construction system and method for complex mountain photovoltaic based on three-dimensional modeling. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing application of photovoltaic power generation technology in complex mountainous environments, the traditional photovoltaic system site selection and construction method has obvious shortcomings when facing large undulating terrain and complex geological conditions in the mountains. The existing method relies on two-dimensional maps and manual experience, which is difficult to accurately evaluate key factors such as surface slope, rock-soil mechanical properties and slope stability, resulting in frequent problems such as unreasonable site selection, insufficient support foundation bearing capacity, uneven settlement, and seriously affecting the safety and power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic system. Especially in areas prone to geological disasters, the lack of scientific and systematic three-dimensional geological modeling and multi-index comprehensive evaluation methods further increases the engineering risk and construction cost.

[0003] In the prior art, the publication number CN119337640A discloses a mountain photovoltaic system based on three-dimensional modeling and its construction method. A laser radar and a high-definition camera are carried by a drone to collect terrain point cloud data and image data of the target mountain, and to generate a digital elevation model and a three-dimensional terrain model. Based on geographic coordinates, time, solar trajectory and three-dimensional terrain model, light analysis is performed through a ray tracing algorithm to generate a light intensity distribution map and a shadow change map. Based on the light analysis and shadow detection results, an intelligent optimization algorithm is used to generate an optimal photovoltaic component arrangement scheme to optimize light absorption and reduce shadow coverage. According to the three-dimensional terrain model and the arrangement scheme, a path search algorithm is used to plan the transportation and installation path of the photovoltaic equipment to ensure safety and efficiency. Photovoltaic components are accurately installed through automated equipment and laser positioning systems, and image data after installation is collected through drone inspection to analyze installation quality.

[0004] The main problem of the above-mentioned scheme is that only the shape of the ground is described, and the geological conditions underground are not touched, lacking evaluation of geological stability and foundation safety, affecting the safety of installation; the optimization standard almost completely depends on light analysis, which may result in a situation where the theoretically optimal position is not practically feasible.

[0005] The above information disclosed in the background section is only used to strengthen the understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and therefore it can include information that does not constitute prior art known to those of ordinary skill in the art. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to provide a construction system and method for complex mountain photovoltaic based on three-dimensional modeling to solve the problems raised in the background.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical solutions: A construction system for complex mountain photovoltaic based on three-dimensional modeling, specifically comprising: A model construction module for scanning a target area, generating a digital elevation model, and obtaining rock-soil body mechanical parameters of the target area, and constructing a three-dimensional geological model based on the digital elevation model and the rock-soil body mechanical parameters; A preliminary screening module for screening all feasible installation areas in the target area based on the installation size of the photovoltaic panel base in the three-dimensional geological model with the minimum installation condition as a constraint; A point screening module for determining the foot installation area of each foot of the photovoltaic panel support in the feasible installation area based on the activity range of each foot of the photovoltaic panel support, and traversing the potential installation points of the foot installation area, calculating the bearing capacity potential score, settlement uniformity score and slope stability score of each potential installation point, generating the suitability index of the potential installation point based on the three scores, and setting a suitability index threshold, extracting all potential installation points with a suitability index not less than the suitability index threshold as available points to generate several installation point combinations in the feasible installation area; A point optimization module for calculating the stability of each installation point combination and selecting the installation point combination with the highest stability as the optimal point combination of the feasible installation area; A comprehensive optimization module for screening a photovoltaic panel installation area from the feasible installation area based on the optimal point combination stability of each feasible installation area and the spacing of adjacent feasible installation areas.

[0008] Further, the rock-soil body mechanical parameters are obtained based on core sampling drilling, including bearing capacity, cohesion, internal friction angle and compression modulus. The digital elevation model and the rock-soil body mechanical parameters are imported into a three-dimensional modeling software to generate a three-dimensional geological model, and uniform grid cells are divided in the three-dimensional geological model, each grid cell containing the surface geometric information and underground rock-soil mechanical properties of the corresponding area, and the surface geometric information including coordinate position and surface slope.

[0009] Further, the logic for determining the feasible installation area is as follows: The minimum installation condition is that the surface slope angle at the installation position of the photovoltaic panel is not greater than the maximum surface slope angle for stable installation of the photovoltaic panel. A window with a size consistent with that of the photovoltaic panel is set, and the window is used to slide within the target area to traverse all areas in the target area, and the area meeting the minimum installation condition and having a size consistent with that of the window is a feasible installation area.

[0010] Further, the principle for determining the potential installation point is to divide the foot installation area into several units consistent with the size of the foot, and each unit is a potential installation point.

[0011] Further, the principle for calculating the bearing capacity potential score is: The internal friction angle and cohesion of the soil at the potential installation point are obtained, and the internal friction angle threshold and cohesion threshold are set. The formula for calculating the bearing capacity potential score is: ; Wherein, represents the bearing capacity potential score, represents the cohesion, represents the cohesion threshold, represents the internal friction angle, represents the internal friction angle threshold, respectively represents the weight coefficient of the cohesion and the internal friction angle, , and the specific weights of the two are determined based on the properties of the soil; The principle for calculating the settlement uniformity score is: A soil compression modulus monitoring point is randomly set within a 0.5m radius area around the potential installation point, and the soil stiffness uniformity around the potential installation point is calculated based on the soil compression modulus at the monitoring point, which is used as the settlement uniformity score. The formula is: ; Wherein, represents the settlement uniformity score, represents the standard deviation of the soil compression modulus of the monitoring points within the 0.5m radius area, represents the average value of the soil compression modulus of the monitoring points within the 0.5m radius area; The principle for calculating the slope stability score is: The slope angle of the location of the potential installation point is obtained, and the maximum slope angle meeting the installation requirements of the photovoltaic panel is determined as the slope angle reference threshold to generate the slope stability score. The formula is: ; Wherein, represents the slope stability score, represents the slope angle, represents the slope angle reference threshold.

[0012] Further, the principle for generating the installation point combination of the photovoltaic panel is: The suitability index is calculated based on the bearing capacity potential score, the settlement uniformity score and the slope stability score of the potential installation point. The formula is: ; wherein, represents the suitability index, respectively represent the weight coefficient of bearing capacity potential score, settlement uniformity score and slope stability score, , and ; Set the minimum bearing capacity potential score, the minimum settlement uniformity score and the minimum slope stability score, and calculate the suitability index threshold value, when a potential installation point position meets and , , , the potential installation point position is retained, wherein, represents the suitability index threshold value, represents the minimum bearing capacity potential score, represents the minimum settlement uniformity score, represents the minimum slope stability score; all retained potential installation point positions are available point positions; the available point positions in each foot installation area are arranged and combined to obtain a plurality of installation point position combinations.

[0013] Further, the principle for calculating the stability of the installation point position combination is: For each installation point position combination, randomly select one available point position in the installation point position combination, search for the other available point position closest to it in the installation point position combination and not searched, and record the distance between the two as the available point side length of the installation point position combination. Repeat the above steps until each available point position in the installation point position combination is searched; based on all available point side lengths of the installation point position combination, calculate the stability of the installation point position combination, and the formula is: ; ; ; ; wherein, represents the average value of the available point side length in the installation point position combination, represents the index of the available point side length in the installation point position combination, represents the number of available point side lengths in the installation point position combination, represents the length of the th available point side length in the installation point position combination, represents the standard deviation of the available point side length in the installation point position combination, represents the coefficient of variation of the installation point position combination, represents the stability of the installation point position combination; For any feasible installation area, pay attention to the stability of each installation point combination thereof, and select one installation point combination with the highest stability as the optimal point combination of the feasible installation area.

[0014] Further, the logic for determining the photovoltaic panel installation area is as follows: 1) taking the feasible installation area with the highest optimal point combination stability as the photovoltaic panel installation area; 2) taking the distance between the photovoltaic panel installation areas not less than the minimum installation distance as the constraint condition, calculating the priority value of each feasible installation area which is not taken as the photovoltaic panel installation area based on the optimal point combination stability thereof and the minimum distance between the feasible installation area and all photovoltaic panel installation areas, and selecting the feasible installation area corresponding to the maximum priority value as the photovoltaic panel installation area; 3) repeating step 2) until no feasible installation area meeting the constraint condition can be found as the photovoltaic panel installation area; Wherein, the mathematical expression of the priority value of each feasible installation area is as follows: ; Wherein, represents the priority value of the feasible installation area, represents the optimal point combination stability of the feasible installation area, represents the minimum installation distance, represents the minimum distance between the feasible installation area and all photovoltaic panel installation areas.

[0015] The application also provides a construction method for complex mountain photovoltaic based on three-dimensional modeling, which is executed by the construction system for complex mountain photovoltaic based on three-dimensional modeling, and the specific steps include: Step 1: scanning the target area to generate a digital elevation model, and obtaining the rock-soil body mechanical parameters of the target area, and constructing a three-dimensional geological model based on the digital elevation model and the rock-soil body mechanical parameters; Step 2: in the three-dimensional geological model, all feasible installation areas are screened out in the target area based on the installation size of the photovoltaic panel base under the constraint condition of meeting the minimum installation condition; Step 3: determining the foot installation area of each foot of the photovoltaic panel support in the feasible installation area, and traversing the potential installation point of the foot installation area, calculating the bearing capacity potential score, the settlement uniformity score and the slope stability score of each potential installation point, generating the suitability index of the potential installation point based on the three scores, setting the suitability index threshold, and extracting all potential installation points with the suitability index not less than the suitability index threshold as the available point to generate several installation point combinations in the feasible installation area; Step 4: calculate the stability of each installation point combination, and select the installation point combination with the highest stability as the optimal point combination of the feasible installation area; Step 5: based on the optimal point combination stability of each feasible installation area and the distance between adjacent feasible installation areas, screen out the photovoltaic panel installation area from the feasible installation area.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are: The present application combines the digital elevation model of the ground surface and the mechanical parameters of the underground rock-soil body to construct a surface-underground integrated three-dimensional geological model, avoiding the risks of foundation instability and landslides caused by unknown geological conditions; the maximum ground surface slope angle of the photovoltaic panel is used as the installation condition constraint to improve the site selection efficiency and comprehensiveness of the installation point. The geological conditions of the installation point are evaluated from the bearing capacity, settlement uniformity and slope angle, ensuring that the subsequent optimized theoretical installation scheme has practical installation feasibility.

[0017] The present application also optimizes the point by comparing the uniformity of the distance between points, determines the optimal installation point from several installation point combinations, comprehensively considers various installation conditions, and ensures that the optimal installation point for each installation area can be found; after determining the optimal installation point, the installation priority is determined based on the stability of the installation area, reducing the probability of failure of the support installation, while considering the installation stability and installation density. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Fig. 1 The present application is an embodiment system module schematic diagram; Fig. 2 The present application is an embodiment priority change with stability schematic diagram; Fig. 3 The present application is an embodiment method flowchart. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application is further described in detail below with specific embodiments.

[0020] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, technical terms or scientific terms used in the present application shall have the common meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application pertains. The terms "first", "second", and similar terms used in the present application do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. The terms "include", "contain", and similar terms mean that the elements or objects before the terms encompass the elements or objects listed after the terms and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. The terms "connect" or "connected" and similar terms are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like only represent relative positional relationships, which can change when the absolute positions of the described objects change.

[0021] Embodiment: Please refer to Figs. 1 to 3 The present application provides a technical solution: A construction system for complex mountain photovoltaic based on three-dimensional modeling, specifically comprising: A model construction module is configured to scan a target area, generate a digital elevation model, and obtain rock-soil body mechanical parameters of the target area, and construct a three-dimensional geological model based on the digital elevation model and the rock-soil body mechanical parameters; In this embodiment, the rock-soil body mechanical parameters are obtained based on core sampling drilling, including bearing capacity, cohesion, internal friction angle, and compression modulus; The digital elevation model and the rock-soil body mechanical parameters are imported into a three-dimensional modeling software to generate a three-dimensional geological model, and uniform grid cells are divided in the three-dimensional geological model, each grid cell containing surface geometric information and underground rock-soil mechanical properties of the corresponding area, the surface geometric information including coordinate position and surface slope.

[0022] The principle of generating a digital elevation model of a target area is as follows: a LiDAR device is carried by a UAV to emit laser pulses and receive reflected signals, so as to obtain three-dimensional point cloud data of the ground surface; the collected point cloud data is denoised, filtered and classified to distinguish non-ground points such as vegetation and buildings; the point cloud data is converted into a digital elevation model in the form of a grid by Kriging interpolation, and each pixel value represents the elevation of the corresponding position; core sampling drilling is performed in the target area, and the drilling depth exceeds the expected influence depth of the photovoltaic support, so that the mechanical parameters of the rock-soil body including bearing capacity, cohesion, internal friction angle and compression modulus are obtained; the digital elevation model and the mechanical parameters of the rock-soil body are imported into a three-dimensional geological modeling software (such as Plaxis, Civil3D), the area covered by the digital elevation model is divided into uniform grid cells, the elevation, slope and other surface information of each grid cell are directly obtained from the digital elevation model, and the mechanical parameters of the underground rock-soil body at the core sampling drilling points are Kriging interpolated to obtain the mechanical parameters of the underground rock-soil body of each grid cell, so as to construct a three-dimensional geological model containing surface geometric information and underground rock-soil body mechanical parameters.

[0023] The preliminary screening module is used to screen all feasible installation areas in the target area based on the installation size of the photovoltaic panel base in the three-dimensional geological model as a constraint to meet the minimum installation condition. In this embodiment, the logic for determining the feasible installation area is as follows: The minimum installation condition is that the surface slope angle at the installation position of the photovoltaic panel is not greater than the maximum surface slope angle for stable installation of the photovoltaic panel. A window with a size consistent with that of the photovoltaic panel is set, and the window is used to slide in the target area to traverse all areas in the target area, and the area meeting the minimum installation condition and having a size consistent with that of the window is a feasible installation area.

[0024] The minimum installation condition indicates that the surface slope at the installation position must be not greater than the maximum allowable slope for stable installation of the photovoltaic panel, so as to ensure that the photovoltaic panel will not be unstable or slip due to too large slope; and each feasible installation area must be able to accommodate an entire photovoltaic panel; the specific implementation for determining the feasible installation area is as follows: a window with a size consistent with that of the photovoltaic panel base is defined, an initial position is selected on the digital elevation model, and the window is slid on the digital elevation model of the target area starting from the initial position, the sliding step is 0.3 m, and each time the window is slid, it is determined whether the area covered by the window can meet the condition that the maximum slope in the window is ≤ the maximum surface slope; if yes, the area covered by the window is marked as a feasible installation area; the target area is traversed to obtain all areas meeting the condition, and each area represents a feasible installation area.

[0025] The point screening module determines a support foot installation area of each support foot in the feasible installation area based on the activity range of each support foot of the photovoltaic panel support, and traverses potential installation points of the support foot installation area, calculates a bearing capacity potential score, a settlement uniformity score and a slope stability score of each potential installation point, generates a suitability index of the potential installation point based on the three scores, sets a suitability index threshold, extracts potential installation points with a suitability index not less than the suitability index threshold as available points, so as to generate a plurality of installation point combinations in the feasible installation area. In the embodiment, the principle for determining the potential installation point is that, based on the actual installation condition of the photovoltaic panel support, the activity range of each support foot of the photovoltaic panel support in the feasible installation area is determined, the activity range of each support foot corresponds to its installation area, the support foot installation area is divided into a plurality of units consistent with the size of the support foot, and each unit is a potential installation point.

[0026] The principle for calculating the bearing capacity potential score is that: The internal friction angle and the cohesion of the soil at the potential installation point are obtained, and the internal friction angle threshold and the cohesion threshold are set, and the formula for calculating the bearing capacity potential score is: wherein, represents the bearing capacity potential score, represents the cohesion, represents the cohesion threshold, represents the internal friction angle, represents the internal friction angle threshold, represents the weight coefficient of the cohesion and the internal friction angle, respectively, and the specific weights of the two are determined based on the properties of the soil; The bearing capacity potential score reflects the bearing capacity of the soil at the potential installation point when bearing the load of the photovoltaic support, that is, the shear strength; when evaluating the shear strength, the cohesion and the internal friction angle of the soil need to be considered at the same time. The cohesion represents the inherent cohesive force between soil particles, and the internal friction angle reflects the friction force generated when the soil particles slide and roll relative to each other, mainly from the roughness of the soil particle surface, the interlocking and interlocking action between particles. The greater the cohesion and the internal friction angle, the higher the shear strength, and both are proportional to the shear strength of the soil. Therefore, both parameters need to be considered, such as the shear strength of the clay layer mainly comes from the cohesion, and the shear strength of the sand layer mainly comes from the internal friction angle; the cohesion threshold and the internal friction angle threshold correspond to the minimum cohesion and internal friction angle that can bear the installation of the photovoltaic unit, respectively, and the greater the cohesion and the internal friction angle, and ​The greater the bearing capacity potential score is, the stronger the bearing capacity of the soil at the corresponding position is, and the more stable the installation of the photovoltaic panel is; and The value of the bearing capacity potential score is determined based on the type of the soil. If the soil is mainly clay, the value of the bearing capacity potential score is higher. If the soil is mainly sand, the value of the bearing capacity potential score is higher.

[0027] The principle for calculating the settlement uniformity score is as follows: A soil compression modulus monitoring point is randomly set within a 0.5 m radius area around the potential installation point. The rigidity uniformity of the soil around the potential installation point is calculated based on the soil compression modulus at the monitoring point, which is used as the settlement uniformity score. The formula is as follows: wherein, represents the settlement uniformity score, represents the standard deviation of the soil compression modulus of the monitoring points within the 0.5 m radius area, represents the average value of the soil compression modulus of the monitoring points within the 0.5 m radius area. The settlement uniformity score reflects the rigidity uniformity of the soil around the potential support point. It is used to assess whether the settlement of the point after bearing the load is uniform. The greater the settlement uniformity index is, the more uniform the rigidity of the surrounding soil is, the more uniform the settlement after bearing the load is, and the higher the safety is. The probability of the inclination or damage of a certain position support is relatively low. represents the standard deviation of the soil compression modulus, reflecting the fluctuation degree of the rigidity of the soil, represents the average value of the soil compression modulus, reflecting the overall rigidity level of the soil, represents the coefficient of variation, and the greater the value of the coefficient of variation is, the more uneven the rigidity of the soil is, the lower the settlement uniformity score is, and the higher the risk of harmful non-uniform settlement is, The value of the coefficient of variation is The closer to 1, the better the settlement uniformity of the soil is. If the rigidity of the soil around a support point is greatly different, the settlement amount of different support points after the installation of the photovoltaic unit may not be consistent, leading to stress concentration of the structure and causing the deformation or damage of the support, thereby affecting the safety of the whole system.

[0028] The principle for calculating the slope stability score is as follows: The slope angle of the position where the potential installation point is located is obtained, and the maximum slope angle that meets the installation requirements of the photovoltaic panel is determined as the reference threshold of the slope angle. The slope stability score is generated, and the formula is as follows: wherein, represents the slope stability score,​​​ Indicates the slope angle. This indicates the reference threshold for the slope angle.

[0029] Slope stability scoring is used to quantitatively assess the impact of the surface slope at a potential installation site on the stability of photovoltaic panel installation. It reflects whether the site is prone to foundation slippage, overturning, or overall instability due to excessive slope. The slope at the site is determined by comparing the actual slope angle with the maximum slope angle. Due to minimum installation requirements, P must not exceed [a certain value]. And the closer P is to This indicates that the greater the actual slope, The closer P is to 0, the worse the slope stability. Excessive slope stability makes it extremely prone to soil slippage or landslides; the smaller P is, the better. The closer the value is to 1, the closer it is to the ideal state. The slope stability score is inversely proportional to the slope angle.

[0030] The principle underlying the generation of photovoltaic panel installation point combinations is as follows: The suitability index is calculated based on the bearing capacity potential score, settlement uniformity score, and slope stability score of potential installation points. The formula used is as follows: ; in, Indicates suitability index, These represent the weighting coefficients for the bearing capacity potential score, settlement uniformity score, and slope stability score, respectively. ,and ; The suitability index reflects whether a location is suitable for installing photovoltaic units from a geological safety perspective. It is determined by three factors: bearing capacity potential score, settlement uniformity score, and slope stability score. It also reflects the soil's shear strength, uniformity of soil stiffness, and slope stability, avoiding three risks: exceeding the support's load-bearing capacity, uneven settlement leading to support tilting or damage, and excessive slope causing landslides or support instability. A higher suitability index indicates better overall geological safety at the location, making it more suitable for photovoltaic support installation. Bearing capacity is the most basic requirement for support safety and directly relates to whether foundation damage will occur, hence its highest weight. Uneven settlement can lead to support tilting or even damage, especially critical in complex mountainous terrain, and its weight is second highest. While slope affects stability, it was previously limited based on minimum installation conditions, and the slopes of the retained locations all meet installation requirements, differing only in safety; therefore, its weight is the lowest. , , .

[0031] The minimum bearing capacity potential score, the minimum settlement uniformity score and the minimum slope stability score are set, and a suitability index threshold is calculated, the minimum bearing capacity score is to ensure that the installation point has sufficient foundation bearing capacity, prevent the support from sinking, tilting or being damaged due to insufficient bearing capacity, through geotechnical test, the minimum cohesion and the minimum internal friction angle required for installing the photovoltaic panel are determined, which are substituted into the calculation formula of the bearing capacity potential score to obtain the minimum bearing capacity potential score; the minimum settlement uniformity score is set to avoid uneven settlement of the support caused by too large difference in soil stiffness, and then cause structural stress concentration; the minimum settlement uniformity score is determined based on the properties of the photovoltaic panel support, to ensure that the photovoltaic panel is always within the safe range that can be borne by the photovoltaic panel support when structural stress and deformation caused by uneven settlement occur during the entire life cycle of the photovoltaic panel; the maximum settlement difference that can be borne by the photovoltaic panel is determined based on the maximum allowable deformation of the photovoltaic panel support, the settlement difference between the points should not be greater than the maximum settlement difference, the soil settlement is inversely proportional to the soil compression modulus, the soil compression modulus corresponding to the maximum settlement is selected, and the soil compression modulus corresponding to the soil settlement is substituted into the formula for calculating the settlement uniformity score to obtain the minimum settlement uniformity score; the minimum slope stability score represents the maximum ground slope angle that meets the installation constraint condition of the photovoltaic panel installation area, the slope angle is substituted into the formula for calculating the slope stability score to obtain the minimum slope stability score, which is used as a reference for the installation of the photovoltaic panel. When a potential installation point meets and , , , the potential installation point is reserved, wherein represents the suitability index threshold, represents the minimum bearing capacity potential score, represents the minimum settlement uniformity score, represents the minimum slope stability score; all reserved potential installation points are available points; the available points in each support foot installation area are arranged and combined to obtain a plurality of installation point combination groups.

[0032] When the available points are screened, the suitability index threshold is not less than the minimum suitability index threshold, and each score is not less than the corresponding minimum threshold, so as to avoid the case that the installation condition is not met although the suitability index threshold is met.

[0033] The point optimization module is used to calculate the stability of each installation point combination, and the installation point combination with the highest stability is selected as the optimal point combination of the feasible installation area. In the embodiment, the principle for calculating the stability of the installation point combination is as follows: For each installation point combination, a random available point in the installation point is selected, the closest unsearched available point in the installation point combination is searched, and the distance between the two is recorded as the available point side length of the installation point combination. The above steps are repeated until each available point in the installation point combination is searched. The stability of the installation point combination is calculated based on the available point side length of the installation point combination, and the formula is: ; ; ; ; wherein, represents the average value of the side length between the available points in the installation point combination, represents the index of the available point side length in the installation point combination, represents the number of available point side lengths in the installation point combination, represents the length of the th available point side length in the installation point combination, represents the standard deviation of the available point side length in the installation point combination, represents the coefficient of variation of the installation point combination, represents the stability of the installation point combination. For any feasible installation area, the stability of each installation point combination is calculated, and the installation point combination with the highest stability is selected as the optimal point combination of the feasible installation area.

[0034] Each installation point combination represents that in a feasible installation area, an available point is selected for each foot of the photovoltaic panel in its installation area, and the number of available points is equal to the number of feet. The stability is measured by analyzing the geometric distribution uniformity of the points in an installation point combination. A starting point is randomly selected, the closest unvisited point is found, the distance between the two points is recorded, and all points are visited until a set of side lengths is obtained. The average value and the standard deviation of the set of side lengths are calculated, and the coefficient of variation is calculated based on the ratio of the standard deviation to the average value , which reflects the dispersion degree of the side length, The larger the coefficient of variation is, the more uneven the side length is, and the more unstable the installation point combination is. The reciprocal of the coefficient of variation is the stability, which means that the more uniform the side length is, the higher the stability of the combination is. The more uniform the side length is, the more balanced the stress of the support is, thereby reducing the risk of damage caused by uneven settlement or stress concentration. Therefore, the standard deviation of the side length is inversely proportional to the stability of the installation point combination.

[0035] The comprehensive optimization module is configured to filter the photovoltaic panel installation area from the feasible installation areas based on the optimal point combination stability of each feasible installation area and the distance between adjacent feasible installation areas.

[0036] In the embodiment, the logic for determining the photovoltaic panel installation area is as follows: 1) The feasible installation area with the highest optimal point combination stability is selected as the photovoltaic panel installation area; 2) The distance between the photovoltaic panel installation area and the feasible installation area is not less than the minimum installation distance, and the priority value is calculated based on the optimal point combination stability of the feasible installation area and the minimum distance between the feasible installation area and all photovoltaic panel installation areas, and the feasible installation area with the maximum priority value is selected as the photovoltaic panel installation area; 3) Repeat step 2) until no feasible installation area can be found as the photovoltaic panel installation area that meets the constraint condition; Wherein, the mathematical expression of the priority value of each feasible installation area is as follows: ; Wherein, represents the priority value of the feasible installation area, represents the optimal point combination stability of the feasible installation area, represents the minimum installation distance, represents the minimum distance between the feasible installation area and all photovoltaic panel installation areas.

[0037] When selecting the feasible installation area for photovoltaic panel installation, both stability and density are considered. The feasible installation areas are sorted according to the stability of the optimal point combination in the feasible installation area, and the feasible installation area with the highest stability is selected as the photovoltaic panel installation area. In the subsequent selection, both stability and the minimum distance between the feasible installation area and the photovoltaic panel installation area are considered. On the premise of meeting the condition that the distance is not less than the minimum installation distance, the smaller the minimum distance between the feasible installation area and the photovoltaic panel installation area, the larger the priority value. Based on the stability and , the priority value is calculated. The formula of adjusts the stability by , which takes into account the requirements of stability and density. Even if the stability of a certain feasible installation area is very high, if the distance between the feasible installation area and the photovoltaic panel installation area is too far, the priority value will be very small. Table 1 reflects the changes of the priority value with the stability. When , it reflects that with the increase of the stability, the priority value as a whole shows an upward trend, but for some points is large, and under the influence of this, the priority value is smaller.

[0038] Table 1. Priority value change table

[0039] Referring to Fig. 3 The application also provides a construction method of complex mountain photovoltaic based on three-dimensional modeling, which is executed by the construction system of complex mountain photovoltaic based on three-dimensional modeling, and the specific steps include: Step 1: scanning a target area, generating a digital elevation model, and obtaining rock-soil body mechanical parameters of the target area, constructing a three-dimensional geological model based on the digital elevation model and the rock-soil body mechanical parameters; Step 2: in the three-dimensional geological model, all feasible installation areas in the target area are screened out based on the installation size of the photovoltaic panel base with the constraint of meeting the minimum installation condition; Step 3: the activity range of each foot of the photovoltaic panel support is determined, the foot installation area of each foot in the feasible installation area is determined, the bearing capacity potential score, the settlement uniformity score and the slope stability score of each potential installation point are calculated by traversing the potential installation point in the foot installation area, the suitability index of the potential installation point is generated based on the three scores, the suitability index threshold is set, and all potential installation points with a suitability index not less than the suitability index threshold are extracted as available points to generate a plurality of installation point combinations in the feasible installation area; Step 4: the stability of each installation point combination is calculated, and the installation point combination with the highest stability is selected as the optimal point combination of the feasible installation area; Step 5: based on the optimal point combination stability of each feasible installation area and the distance between adjacent feasible installation areas, the photovoltaic panel installation area is screened out from the feasible installation area.

[0040] The above formulas are all de-dimensioned to calculate the numerical values, the formula is obtained by collecting a large amount of data to simulate the nearest real situation, and the preset parameters in the formula are set by a person skilled in the art according to the actual situation.

[0041] The above embodiments can be realized wholly or partially by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When realized by software, the above embodiments can be realized in the form of a computer program product wholly or partially. Those skilled in the art can realize that the units and algorithm steps of the examples described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein can be realized by electronic hardware or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether the functions are realized by hardware or software methods depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solutions.

[0042] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, and may be located in one place, or distributed on multiple network units. Part or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of the embodiment of the present application according to actual needs.

[0043] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A construction system for complex mountain photovoltaics based on three-dimensional modeling, characterized by, Specifically comprising: A model construction module for scanning a target area, generating a digital elevation model, and obtaining mechanical parameters of rock-soil bodies in the target area, and constructing a three-dimensional geological model based on the digital elevation model and the mechanical parameters of the rock-soil bodies; A preliminary screening module for screening all feasible installation areas in the target area based on the installation size of the photovoltaic panel base in the three-dimensional geological model with the minimum installation condition as a constraint; A point screening module for determining a foot installation area of each foot of the photovoltaic panel support in the feasible installation area based on the activity range of each foot of the photovoltaic panel support, and traversing potential installation points in the foot installation area, calculating a bearing capacity potential score, a settlement uniformity score and a slope stability score of each potential installation point, generating a suitability index of the potential installation point based on the three scores, setting a suitability index threshold, and extracting all potential installation points with a suitability index not less than the suitability index threshold as available points to generate a number of installation point combinations in the feasible installation area; A point optimization module for calculating the stability of each installation point combination and selecting the installation point combination with the highest stability as the optimal point combination of the feasible installation area; A comprehensive optimization module for screening a photovoltaic panel installation area from the feasible installation area based on the stability of the optimal point combination of each feasible installation area and the spacing of adjacent feasible installation areas.

2. A complex mountainous photovoltaic construction system based on three-dimensional modeling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mechanical parameters of the rock-soil bodies are obtained based on core sampling drilling and include bearing capacity, cohesion, internal friction angle and compression modulus; The digital elevation model and the mechanical parameters of the rock-soil bodies are imported into a three-dimensional modeling software to generate a three-dimensional geological model, and uniform grid cells are divided in the three-dimensional geological model, each grid cell containing surface geometric information and underground rock-soil mechanical properties of the corresponding area, the surface geometric information including coordinate position and surface slope.

3. A complex mountainous terrain photovoltaic construction system based on three-dimensional modeling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The logic for determining the feasible installation area in the preliminary screening module is: The minimum installation condition is that the surface slope angle at the installation position of the photovoltaic panel is not greater than the maximum surface slope angle for stable installation of the photovoltaic panel; A window with a size consistent with that of the photovoltaic panel is set, and the window is used to slide within the target area to traverse all areas in the target area, and the areas that meet the minimum installation condition and have a size consistent with that of the window are the feasible installation areas.

4. The complex mountainous terrain photovoltaic construction system based on three-dimensional modeling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The principle for determining the potential installation point is to divide the foot installation area into a plurality of units with a size consistent with that of the foot, and each unit is a potential installation point.

5. A complex mountainous terrain photovoltaic construction system based on three-dimensional modeling according to claim 4, characterized in that: The principle for calculating the bearing capacity potential score in the point screening module is: The internal friction angle and cohesion of the soil at the potential installation point are obtained, and internal friction angle and cohesion thresholds are set, and the formula for calculating the bearing capacity potential score is: ； wherein, denotes a bearing capacity potential score, denotes a cohesion, denotes a cohesion threshold value, denotes an internal friction angle, denotes an internal friction angle threshold value, denote weight coefficients for the cohesion and the internal friction angle, respectively, the specific weights of both are determined based on the soil properties; The principle for calculating the settlement uniformity score is: Randomly set soil compression modulus monitoring points within a 0.5m radius around the potential installation point, calculate the stiffness uniformity of the soil around the potential installation point based on the soil compression modulus at the monitoring points, and use the stiffness uniformity as the settlement uniformity score, and the formula is: ； wherein, represents the settlement uniformity score, represents the standard deviation of the soil compressive modulus of the monitoring points within a 0.5 m radius, represents the average value of the soil compressive modulus of the monitoring points within a 0.5 m radius; The principle for calculating the slope stability score is: The slope angle of the location where the potential installation point is located is obtained, and the maximum slope angle meeting the installation requirement of the photovoltaic panel is determined as a slope angle reference threshold value, a slope stability score is generated, and the formula is as follows: ； wherein, represents a slope stability score, represents a slope angle, represents a slope angle reference threshold.

6. A complex mountainous terrain photovoltaic construction system based on three-dimensional modeling according to claim 5, characterized in that: The principle for generating the installation point combination of the photovoltaic panel in the point site screening module is as follows: The suitability index is calculated based on the bearing capacity potential score, the settlement uniformity score and the slope stability score of the potential installation point, and the formula is as follows: ； wherein, represents the suitability index, respectively represent the weight coefficients of the bearing capacity potential score, the settlement uniformity score, and the slope stability score, , and ; A minimum bearing capacity potential score, a minimum settlement uniformity score and a minimum slope stability score are set, and a suitability index threshold is calculated therefrom, and when a potential installation point satisfies and , , , the potential installation point is reserved, wherein, represents the suitability index threshold, represents the minimum bearing capacity potential score, represents the minimum settlement uniformity score, represents the minimum slope stability score; all reserved potential installation points are available points; and the available points in each footing installation area are arranged and combined to obtain a plurality of sets of installation point combinations.

7. The complex mountainous terrain photovoltaic construction system based on three-dimensional modeling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The principle for calculating the stability of the installation point combination in the point site optimization module is as follows: For each installation point combination, a usable point in the installation point combination is randomly selected, the other usable point closest to the usable point in the installation point combination is searched, and the distance between the two points is recorded as the usable point side length of the installation point combination. The above steps are repeated until each usable point in the installation point combination is searched. The stability of the installation point combination is calculated based on all the usable point side lengths of the installation point combination, and the formula is as follows: ； ； ； ； wherein, represents the average of the edge length of the available point positions in the installation point position combination, represents the index of the edge length of the available point positions in the installation point position combination, represents the number of the edge length of the available point positions in the installation point position combination, represents the length of the edge length of the available point positions in the installation point position combination, represents the length of the edge length of the available point positions in the installation point position combination, represents the standard deviation of the edge length of the available point positions in the installation point position combination, represents the coefficient of variation of the installation point position combination, represents the stability of the installation point position combination; For any feasible installation area, the stability of each installation point combination thereof is calculated, and the installation point combination with the highest stability is selected as the optimal point combination of the feasible installation area.

8. A complex mountainous photovoltaic construction system based on three-dimensional modeling according to claim 7, characterized in that: The logic for determining the photovoltaic panel installation area is as follows: 1) The feasible installation area with the highest optimal point combination stability is determined as the photovoltaic panel installation area; 2) The minimum installation spacing is used as a constraint condition, the priority value is calculated based on the optimal point combination stability and the minimum distance from the feasible installation area to all photovoltaic panel installation areas for each feasible installation area which is not determined as the photovoltaic panel installation area, and the feasible installation area corresponding to the maximum priority value is selected as the photovoltaic panel installation area; 3) Step 2) is repeated until no feasible installation area meeting the constraint condition can be found as the photovoltaic panel installation area; The mathematical expression of the priority value of each feasible installation area is as follows: ； wherein, represents the feasible priority value by region, represents the optimal bit combination stability of the feasible installation region, represents the minimum installation distance, represents the minimum distance of the feasible installation region from all photovoltaic panel installation regions.

9. A construction method of complex mountain photovoltaic based on three-dimensional modeling, characterized in that: The construction method is performed by the construction system for complex mountain photovoltaic based on three-dimensional modeling according to any one of claims 1-8, and the specific steps include: Step 1: scanning the target area to generate a digital elevation model, and obtaining the rock and soil mechanical parameters of the target area, and constructing a three-dimensional geological model based on the digital elevation model and the rock and soil mechanical parameters; Step 2: in the three-dimensional geological model, all feasible installation areas are screened out in the target area based on the installation size of the photovoltaic panel base and the constraint of meeting the minimum installation condition; Step 3: the activity range of each support foot of the photovoltaic panel support is determined, the support foot installation area of each support foot in the feasible installation area is determined, and the bearing capacity potential score, the settlement uniformity score and the slope stability score of each potential installation point are calculated by traversing the potential installation points in the support foot installation area. The suitability index of the potential installation point is generated based on the three scores, and the suitability index threshold value is set. The potential installation points with the suitability index not less than the suitability index threshold value are extracted as usable points to generate several installation point combinations in the feasible installation area; Step 4: Calculate the stability of each installation point combination, and select the installation point combination with the highest stability as the optimal point combination of the feasible installation area; Step 5: Based on the optimal point combination stability of each feasible installation area and the distance between adjacent feasible installation areas, screen out the photovoltaic panel installation area from the feasible installation area.

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