Construction apparatus and method for replacing isolation coal pillars in coal mining faces with filling bodies

Abstract

This invention relates to a construction device and method for replacing coal pillars in coal mining faces using backfill bodies, belonging to the field of backfill mining technology. The construction device includes a feeding box, with a screening box rotatably mounted on the upper end of the feeding box. Multiple grate bars are rotatably mounted inside the screening box. Lifting and rotating mechanisms are installed at both ends of the screening box. When the screening box rotates, the lifting mechanism drives the grate bars at odd-numbered positions to rise and fall. When the screening box rotates to the open state, the rotating mechanism cannot drive the grate bars to rotate; when the screening box rotates to the closed state, the rotating mechanism can drive the grate bars to rotate. A cleaning mechanism is installed inside the screening box, including cleaning boxes. Each grate bar has a cleaning box slidably fitted onto its outer side, and the cleaning box contains cleaning bristles. When the cleaning box slides on the outer side of the grate bar, the cleaning bristles clean the grate bar. This solves the problem of coal and gangue jamming and clogging that currently occurs with grate screens.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of backfilling mining technology, specifically relating to a construction device and method for replacing the isolation coal pillars in a coal mining face using backfilling bodies. Background Technology

[0002] As a key piece of equipment in the construction process of replacing the isolation coal pillars in coal mining faces using backfill bodies, the bar screen is mainly used to screen the coal gangue generated during the crushing process. Its core function is to separate the coal gangue stripped during the crushing operation according to a preset particle size standard (usually 30mm), so that the coal gangue particles that meet the particle size requirements can be used as backfill aggregate in the subsequent backfilling system to replace the isolation coal pillars in the coal mining face. This achieves coordinated operation of goaf backfilling and coal pillar resource recovery, which can not only improve the coal resource recovery rate, but also support the surrounding rock of the mining area through the backfill body, reducing the risk of geological disasters such as surface subsidence caused by mining.

[0003] Existing construction devices for replacing coal pillars in coal mining faces using backfill material still have many technical defects in practical applications, seriously affecting operational efficiency and equipment lifespan: First, the problem of coal gangue getting stuck is prominent. When coal gangue with a particle size close to the screen gap gets stuck in the grate gap, the current handling method relies on manual prying with levers to clean it. During this process, the lever is prone to hard contact with the screening box wall, causing abrasion and damage. Moreover, the sliding displacement of the coal gangue during prying will generate severe friction on the grate surface, resulting in scratches and deformation of the grate, reducing screening accuracy. Second, the problem of grate screen clogging is difficult to solve. Since coal gangue is often mixed with sticky components such as mud and coal powder, after long-term screening, the sticky waste will gradually stick together and clog the grate screen gap, blocking small-diameter gangue that should pass through the 30mm screen gap, resulting in "poor screening" or even "misscreening", failing to meet the particle size requirements of the backfill aggregate. To maintain equipment operation, staff need to frequently stop the machine for manual cleaning and maintenance, which not only significantly increases labor intensity but also greatly shortens the effective operating time of the entire gangue treatment system, thus restricting the continuous implementation of backfilling and replacement construction.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new construction device and method for replacing the isolation coal pillar in the coal mining face using filling material to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art by proposing a construction device and method for replacing the coal pillars in the coal mining face with filling bodies; and solves the problem that current grate screens are prone to causing coal gangue to get stuck and blockage.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution.

[0007] A construction device for replacing the isolation coal pillar in a coal mining face using filling material includes a feeding box, a screening box rotatably mounted on the upper end of the feeding box, and multiple equidistant grate bars rotatably mounted inside the screening box. Lifting mechanisms are located at both ends of the screening box; when the screening box rotates, the lifting mechanisms raise and lower the grate bars at odd-numbered positions. Rotating mechanisms are also located at both ends of the screening box; when the screening box rotates to the open state, the rotating mechanisms cannot rotate the grate bars, but when the screening box rotates to the closed state, the rotating mechanisms can rotate the grate bars. A cleaning mechanism is located inside the screening box, including cleaning boxes. Each grate bar has a cleaning box slidably fitted onto its outer side, and the cleaning boxes contain cleaning brushes. When the cleaning boxes slide on the outer side of the grate bars, the cleaning brushes clean the grate bars.

[0008] Furthermore, a sleeve is fixedly installed on both sides of the rear end of the upper end face of the feeding box, and the same rotating rod is rotatably inserted into the two sleeves. The rotating rod is fixedly connected to the screening box. A first motor is fixedly installed on the feeding box, and the output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating rod.

[0009] Furthermore, the lifting mechanism includes a lifting plate, a first spring, a first rack, a second spring, and a first gear; a first gear is fixedly installed on the outer side of the two sleeves at their respective ends, and both first gears are half gears; a lifting plate is slidably installed on the inner walls of the left and right sides of the screening box along the vertical direction, and multiple first springs are fixedly installed at the lower end of each lifting plate, with the lower end of the first spring fixedly connected to the inner wall of the screening box; the two ends of the grate bars located at odd-numbered positions are rotatably connected to the lifting plates on both sides, and the two ends of the grate bars located at even-numbered positions are rotatably connected to the inner walls of the left and right sides of the screening box; a vertical first rack is fixedly installed on each lifting plate; a second spring is fixedly installed at the upper end of each first rack, with the upper end of the second spring fixedly connected to the inner wall of the screening box; the two first racks are intermittently meshed with the first gear on the same side.

[0010] Furthermore, the rotating mechanism includes a second rack, a transmission gear, a second gear, a third gear, and a third rack; a second rack is slidably arranged on the inner walls of the left and right sides of the screening box along the front-back direction; a transmission gear is rotatably arranged on the inner walls of the left and right sides of the two screening boxes, and the transmission gear meshes with the second rack and the first rack on the same side simultaneously; a second gear is rotatably arranged at both ends of the grate bars located at even-numbered positions, and the second gear meshes with the second rack on the same side; a third gear is rotatably arranged at both ends of the grate bars located at odd-numbered positions, and the third gears on both sides are located inside the lifting plates on both sides and are rotatably connected to the lifting plates; multiple vertical third racks are also fixedly arranged on the inner walls of the left and right sides of the screening box, and the third racks on both sides are slidably inserted into the lifting plates on the same side, and the third racks inside the lifting plates correspond one-to-one with the third gears and mesh with each other.

[0011] Furthermore, chucks are fixedly installed inside both the second and third gears, and a groove is provided on the inner side of the chuck; a tooth is rotatably installed at each end of the grate bar, and a torsion spring is provided between the tooth and the end of the grate bar; the teeth at the even-numbered positions of the grate bar at both ends engage with the grooves on the chucks inside the second gears on both sides, and the teeth at the odd-numbered positions of the grate bar at both ends engage with the grooves on the chucks inside the third gears on both sides; the teeth, chucks, and torsion springs together form a ratchet and pawl structure.

[0012] Furthermore, the cleaning mechanism also includes a transmission rod, a worm gear, a worm wheel, and a telescopic universal joint; each cleaning box has a transmission rod and a worm gear rotatably mounted inside, and adjacent transmission rods and adjacent worm gears are connected by telescopic universal joints; a worm wheel is rotatably mounted inside each cleaning box, and the worm wheel is sleeved on the outside of the corresponding grate bar, with the worm gear inside the cleaning box meshing with the worm wheel; a ring of cleaning bristles is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the worm wheel, and the cleaning bristles are in contact with the outer side of the grate bar.

[0013] Furthermore, the cleaning mechanism also includes guide rail grooves, first rollers, a drive box, and a second motor; guide rail grooves are respectively provided on the inner walls of the front and rear sides of the screening box; two worm gears at the ends are connected to two first rotating shafts respectively through telescopic universal joints, and two transmission rods at the ends are connected to two second rotating shafts respectively through telescopic universal joints; first rollers are fixedly provided on both the two first rotating shafts and the two second rotating shafts, and the first rollers on the two first rotating shafts and the two second rotating shafts are respectively rolled inside the two guide rail grooves; a drive box is slidably provided inside one of the guide rail grooves, and a second motor is fixedly provided inside the drive box; the output shaft of the second motor is fixedly connected to the first roller on the first rotating shaft.

[0014] Furthermore, the cleaning mechanism also includes a sliding rod, a third spring, a second roller, a detection post, and an alarm. Each cleaning box has an inner mounting groove, within which a sliding rod slides. A third spring is fixedly installed between the sliding rod and the bottom surface of the mounting groove. A second roller is rotatably mounted at the end of the sliding rod located outside the mounting groove, and the second roller makes rolling contact with the outer surface of the grate bars. A detection post is also fixedly installed at the end of the sliding rod located outside the mounting groove. An alarm is fixedly installed on the outer surface of each cleaning box, and the alarm is electrically connected to the detection post inside the cleaning box.

[0015] Furthermore, a collection trough is provided on the inner walls of the left and right sides of the screening box. A first baffle is rotatably installed on the upper side of the opening of the collection trough, and a second baffle is rotatably installed on the lower side of the opening of the collection trough. A first electric push rod and a second electric push rod are rotatably installed on the inner wall of the collection trough. One end of the piston rod of the first electric push rod is hinged to the first baffle, and one end of the piston rod of the second electric push rod is hinged to the second baffle.

[0016] The construction method for replacing the isolation coal pillars in a coal mining face using filling bodies includes the following steps:

[0017] S1. Pour the coal gangue to be screened onto the top of the screening box. Coal gangue of the correct size falls into the feed box through the gaps between the grate bars, while unqualified coal gangue remains above the grate bars.

[0018] S2. After screening, the screening box starts to rotate. When the screening box rotates 90 degrees, the first gear and the first rack begin to mesh. As the screening box continues to rotate, the first rack slides towards the bottom of the screening box under the action of the first gear. The first rack drives the lifting plate and the grate bars at the odd-numbered positions to slide towards the bottom of the screening box simultaneously. At the same time, the first rack drives the transmission gear to rotate during its movement. The transmission gear drives the second rack to slide inside the screening box. The second rack drives the second gear to rotate forward. As the lifting plate approaches the discharge box, the lifting plate drives the third gear to move synchronously. The third gear will rotate forward under the meshing action of the third rack. The second gear and the chuck inside the second gear rotate relative to each other during forward rotation, so as not to drive the grate bars at the odd-numbered and even-numbered positions to rotate. As the grate bars at the odd-numbered positions move synchronously with the lifting plate, they drive the cleaning box on their outer side to move synchronously. The telescopic universal joint connected to the cleaning box gradually extends.

[0019] S3. When the screening box rotates 180 degrees, the first rack slides to its maximum distance. At this time, the two adjacent grate bars are misaligned, releasing the coal gangue stuck between the two adjacent grate bars.

[0020] S4. After the stuck coal gangue is released, the control screening box begins to rotate in the reverse direction, causing the first rack to slide in the reverse direction. Under the action of the first rack, the second rack slides in the reverse direction away from the bottom of the screening box. The second rack drives the second gear to rotate in the reverse direction. The first rack drives the lifting plate to slide in the reverse direction. The lifting plate drives the third gear to move synchronously. The third gear meshes with the third rack while moving with the lifting plate. The third gear rotates in the reverse direction under the action of the third rack. The second gear and the locking teeth inside the second gear engage with the chuck, thereby driving the grate bars connected to the second and third gears to rotate synchronously. As the grate bars move in the reverse direction with the lifting plate, the grate bars drive the cleaning box to move synchronously. The telescopic universal joint connected to the cleaning box will gradually shorten.

[0021] S5. Start the first electric push rod and the third electric push rod. The piston rod of the first electric push rod extends and pushes the first baffle to rotate, opening the upper part of the storage slot. At this time, the storage slot is fully open.

[0022] S6. Start the second motor. The second motor drives the first roller to rotate. The first roller rolls in the guide rail groove. The first roller drives the telescopic universal joint to rotate through the first rotating shaft, which in turn drives the worm and the first roller at the other end to rotate. The rotation of the worm drives the worm wheel to rotate, which in turn drives the cleaning bristles to rotate. During the rotation of the worm, the worm will drive the cleaning box to slide along the direction of the guide rail groove. As the cleaning box slides, the cleaning box drives the transmission rod and the telescopic universal joint connected to the transmission rod and the first roller to move. During the movement of the cleaning box, the second roller is always in contact with the outer wall of the grate under the action of the third spring and the slide rod. When there is wear on both sides of the outer wall of the grate, the second roller sinks into the worn part, the detection column contacts the outer wall of the grate and generates pressure, the alarm sounds and lights and stops sliding; otherwise, it continues to slide.

[0023] S7. Start the second motor to reset the cleaning box, start the first electric push rod and the second electric push rod to reset the first baffle and the second baffle, and prepare for the next screening.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention compared to the prior art are as follows:

[0025] 1. Automatically releases jammed materials, avoiding the defects of manual cleaning.

[0026] To address the problem of coal gangue jamming requiring manual prying in existing equipment, this invention achieves automatic material handling through the linkage of a screening box rotation and lifting mechanism. When the screening box rotates 90 degrees, the fixed first gear meshes with the first rack, driving the lifting plate to raise and lower the grate bars at odd-numbered positions. This creates a height difference misalignment between adjacent grate bars, releasing the coal gangue from compression and allowing it to fall without manual intervention. This process avoids damage to the screening box wall caused by lever prying, and eliminates grate bar scratches and deformation caused by coal gangue sliding, ensuring the structural integrity of the screening box and grate bars and maintaining the screening accuracy of a 30mm particle size standard.

[0027] II. Proactively clean the screen surface to solve problems of poor screening and mis-screening.

[0028] Addressing the pain point of sticky waste materials clogging the screen gaps, this invention's cleaning mechanism automatically performs cleaning operations after the screening box resets. A second motor drives the first roller, moving the cleaning box along the guide rail groove. The worm gear and worm wheel work together to rotate the cleaning brush bristles, wiping the outer wall of the grate bars. This efficiently removes adhered mud, coal dust, and other waste materials, preventing screen gap blockage at its source. This ensures that small-diameter gangue can pass smoothly through the 30mm screen gaps, completely solving the problems of "poor screening" and "mis-screening," guaranteeing that the aggregate particle size meets the requirements of replacement construction, and eliminating the need for frequent machine shutdowns for manual cleaning.

[0029] Third, it enables unidirectional rotation of the grate bars, extending the service life of the equipment.

[0030] This invention utilizes a rotating mechanism in conjunction with a ratchet and pawl structure (chuck, teeth, torsion spring) to enable unidirectional rotation of the grate bars during the reset process. When the screening box is tilted, the grate bars only rise and fall without rotating. During reset, the chuck drives the grate bars to rotate via the teeth, allowing for alternating switching of the grate bar working surfaces and preventing accelerated wear of a single part due to prolonged impact and friction from coal gangue. This design reduces the frequency of grate bar replacement, extends the service life of core screening components, and reduces equipment maintenance costs and downtime.

[0031] IV. Integrated damage detection function reduces equipment failure risk

[0032] The integrated damage detection structure in the cleaning mechanism can monitor the condition of the grate bars in real time. The second roller, under the action of the third spring, remains in contact with the outer wall of the grate bars. If wear occurs on both sides of the grate bars, the second roller sinks into the worn area, putting pressure on the detection column, and the alarm immediately sounds with both sound and light. This function can promptly detect hidden damage to the grate bars, preventing the damage from escalating and causing serious malfunctions such as grate bar breakage and screening failure. It enables preventative maintenance of the equipment and improves the stability and safety of the system's operation. Attached Figure Description

[0033] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0034] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a partial connection diagram between the cleaning mechanism and the screening box;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the rotating rod, the sleeve, and the first motor;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the lifting mechanism and the screening box and the feeding box;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the lifting mechanism;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating mechanism;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the grate bar and the third gear;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the retaining teeth and the torsion spring;

[0042] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the first baffle, the second baffle, the first electric push rod, the second electric push rod, and the screening box.

[0043] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the cleaning mechanism and the lifting platform;

[0044] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the third baffle, the third electric push rod, and the screening box.

[0045] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the cleaning mechanism and the grate bars;

[0046] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram showing the connections between the cleaning box, worm gear, worm, transmission rod, and grate bars;

[0047] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the slide bar, the third spring, and the second roller;

[0048] Figure 15 yes Figure 14 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle;

[0049] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative relationship between the two sets of construction equipment;

[0050] Among them, 1 is the feeding box, 2 is the screening box, 3 is the grate bar, 4 is the sleeve, 5 is the rotating rod, 6 is the first motor, 7 is the lifting plate, 8 is the first spring, 9 is the first rack, 10 is the second spring, 11 is the first gear, 12 is the second rack, 13 is the transmission gear, 14 is the second gear, 15 is the third gear, 16 is the third rack, 17 is the clamping gear, 18 is the torsion spring, 19 is the chuck, 20 is the cleaning box, 21 is the transmission rod, 22 is the worm gear, and 23 is the worm. 24 is a cleaning brush bristle, 25 is a telescopic universal joint, 26 is a guide rail groove, 27 is a first roller, 28 is a drive box, 29 is a second motor, 30 is a slide rod, 31 is a third spring, 32 is a second roller, 33 is a detection column, 34 is an alarm, 35 is a storage slot, 36 is a first baffle, 37 is a second baffle, 38 is a first electric push rod, 39 is a second electric push rod, 40 is a third baffle, 41 is a third electric push rod, and 42 is a vision sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0051] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. The technical solutions of this invention are described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown in Figure 16, this invention provides a construction device for replacing the isolation coal pillar in a coal mining face using a filling body. The device includes a feeding box 1, a screening box 2 rotatably mounted on the upper end of the feeding box 1, and multiple equidistant grate bars 3 rotatably mounted inside the screening box 2. Lifting mechanisms are located at both ends of the screening box 2; when the screening box 2 rotates, the lifting mechanisms drive the grate bars 3 at odd-numbered positions to rise and fall. Rotating mechanisms are also located at both ends of the screening box 2; when the screening box 2 rotates to the open state, the rotating mechanisms cannot drive the grate bars 3 to rotate, but when the screening box 2 rotates to the closed state, the rotating mechanisms can drive the grate bars 3 to rotate. A cleaning mechanism is located inside the screening box 2, including cleaning boxes 20. Each grate bar 3 is slidably fitted with a cleaning box 20, and each cleaning box 20 contains cleaning bristles 24. When the cleaning box 20 slides on the outside of the grate bar 3, the cleaning bristles 24 clean the grate bar 3.

[0053] Both the feeding box 1 and the screening box 2 are square box structures with openings at both the top and bottom. A horizontal sleeve 4 is fixedly installed on each side of the rear end of the upper surface of the feeding box 1. A horizontal rotating rod 5 is rotatably inserted into the two sleeves 4, and the rotating rod 5 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the lower surface of the screening box 2. A first motor 6 is fixedly installed on the feeding box 1, and the output shaft of the first motor 6 is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating rod 5. The first motor 6 drives the rotating rod 5 to rotate inside the sleeves 4, thereby causing the screening box 2 to rotate at the upper end of the feeding box 1. The screening box 2 rotates 180 degrees in a single rotation under the drive of the first motor 6.

[0054] The comb bar 3 is a cylindrical structure arranged horizontally on the left and right sides.

[0055] The lifting mechanism includes a lifting plate 7, a first spring 8, a first rack 9, a second spring 10, and a first gear 11.

[0056] A first gear 11 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the two sleeves 4 at their opposite ends, and both first gears 11 are half gears. A lifting plate 7 is slidably installed vertically on the inner walls of the left and right sides of the screening box 2. Multiple first springs 8 are fixedly installed at the lower end of each lifting plate 7, and the lower ends of the first springs 8 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the screening box 2. The two ends of the grate bars 3 located at odd-numbered positions are rotatably connected to the lifting plates 7 on both sides, while the two ends of the grate bars 3 located at even-numbered positions are rotatably connected to the inner walls of the left and right sides of the screening box 2.

[0057] Each lifting plate 7 is fixedly equipped with a vertical first rack 9, which is a double-sided rack with meshing teeth on both its front and rear end faces. A second spring 10 is fixedly installed at the upper end of each first rack 9, and the upper end of the second spring 10 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the screening box 2. The two first racks 9 are intermittently meshed with the first gear 11 on the same side.

[0058] When the screening box 2 rotates from the closed state to the open state, the first rack 9 and the first gear 11 are not engaged during the process from 0 degrees to 90 degrees. The relative position of the lifting plate 7 and the screening box 2 remains fixed, and the height of the grate bars 3 at the odd-numbered positions on the screening box 2 remains unchanged. During the process from 90 degrees to 180 degrees, the first rack 9 and the first gear 11 begin to engage. Since the first gear 11 remains fixed, the two first racks 9 begin to slide towards the bottom of the screening box 2. The first racks 9 drive the lifting plate 7 to slide towards the bottom of the screening box 2 as well. The lifting plates 7 on both sides also drive the grate bars 3 at the odd-numbered positions to slide towards the bottom of the screening box 2, thereby creating a height difference between the grate bars 3 at the odd-numbered positions and the grate bars 3 at the even-numbered positions. This increases the distance between two adjacent grate bars 3, allowing the coal gangue stuck between the two adjacent grate bars 3 to fall off.

[0059] When the screening box 2 rotates from the open state to the closed state, the first rack 9 and the first gear 11 are always in a meshed state during the process from 180 degrees to 90 degrees. Since the first gear 11 remains fixed, the two first racks 9 begin to slide towards the top of the screening box 2. The first racks 9 drive the lifting plate 7 to slide towards the top of the screening box 2 as well. The lifting plates 7 on both sides also drive the grate bars 3 at the odd-numbered positions to slide towards the top of the screening box 2, so that the height difference between the grate bars 3 at the odd-numbered positions and the grate bars 3 at the even-numbered positions gradually disappears, and the spacing between two adjacent grate bars 3 gradually returns to the same. During the process from 90 degrees to 0 degrees, the first rack 9 and the first gear 11 are not in a meshed state, the relative position of the lifting plate 7 and the screening box 2 remains fixed, the height of the grate bars 3 at the odd-numbered positions on the screening box 2 no longer changes, and the spacing between two adjacent grate bars 3 remains consistent.

[0060] The rotating mechanism includes a second rack 12, a transmission gear 13, a second gear 14, a third gear 15, a third rack 16, a locking tooth 17, a torsion spring 18, and a chuck 19.

[0061] On the inner walls of the left and right sides of the screening box 2, a second rack 12 is slidably installed horizontally along the front-back direction. A transmission gear 13 is rotatably installed on the inner walls of the left and right sides of both screening boxes 2, and the transmission gear 13 meshes with both the second rack 12 and the first rack 9 on the same side. A second gear 14 is rotatably installed at each end of the grate bar 3 located at even-numbered positions, and the second gear 14 meshes with the second rack 12 on the same side. The grate bars 3 located at odd-numbered positions are rotatably inserted into the lifting plates 7 on both sides at their left and right ends. A third gear 15 is rotatably installed at each end of the grate bars 3 located at odd-numbered positions, and the third gears 15 on both sides are located inside the lifting plates 7 on both sides and are rotatably connected to the lifting plates 7. Multiple vertical third racks 16 are also fixedly installed on the inner walls of the left and right sides of the screening box 2. The third racks 16 on both sides are slidably inserted into the lifting plates 7 on the same side, and the third racks 16 and third gears 15 inside the lifting plates 7 correspond one-to-one and mesh with each other.

[0062] A chuck 19 is fixedly installed inside both the second gear 14 and the third gear 15, and a groove is provided on the inner side of the chuck 19. A locking tooth 17 is rotatably installed at each end of the grate bar 3, and a torsion spring 18 is provided between the locking tooth 17 and the end of the grate bar 3. The locking teeth 17 at the even-numbered positions of the grate bar 3 engage with the grooves on the chuck 19 inside the second gear 14, while the locking teeth 17 at the odd-numbered positions engage with the grooves on the chuck 19 inside the third gear 15. The locking teeth 17, chuck 19, and torsion spring 18 form a ratchet and pawl structure. That is, when the second gear 14 and the third gear 15 rotate in the forward direction, the locking teeth 17 and the chuck 19 rotate relative to each other and cannot drive the grate bar 3 to rotate; when the second gear 14 and the third gear 15 rotate in the reverse direction, the locking teeth 17 and the chuck 19 mesh with each other, enabling the grate bar 3 to rotate synchronously.

[0063] The cleaning mechanism also includes a transmission rod 21, a worm gear 22, a worm wheel 23, a telescopic universal joint 25, a guide rail groove 26, a first roller 27, a drive box 28, a second motor 29, a slide bar 30, a third spring 31, a second roller 32, a detection column 33, and an alarm 34.

[0064] All cleaning boxes 20 are arranged along the front-to-back direction. Each cleaning box 20 contains a horizontally rotating transmission rod 21 and a horizontally rotating worm gear 22. The transmission rods 21 inside adjacent cleaning boxes 20 are connected by a telescopic universal joint 25, and the worm gears 22 inside adjacent cleaning boxes 20 are also connected by a telescopic universal joint 25. A worm wheel 23 is rotatably mounted inside each cleaning box 20, and the worm wheel 23 is sleeved on the outer side of the corresponding grate bar 3. The worm gear 22 inside the cleaning box 20 meshes with the worm wheel 23. A ring of cleaning bristles 24 is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the worm wheel 23, and the cleaning bristles 24 contact the outer side of the grate bar 3.

[0065] A horizontally recessed guide groove 26 is provided on the inner walls of the front and rear sides of the screening box 2. Two worm gears 22 at the ends are connected to two first rotating shafts via telescopic universal joints 25, each with a first roller 27 fixedly mounted. Two transmission rods 21 at the ends are connected to two second rotating shafts via telescopic universal joints 25, each with a first roller 27 fixedly mounted. The first rollers 27 on the two first rotating shafts roll within the two guide grooves 26. A drive box 28 is slidably mounted in one of the guide grooves 26 in a left-right direction. A second motor 29 is fixedly mounted inside the drive box 28, and the output shaft of the second motor 29 is fixedly connected to the first roller 27 on the first rotating shaft. The second motor 29 drives the first roller 27 to rotate. Since the first roller 27 rolls in contact with the bottom surface of the guide rail groove 26, it rolls inside the groove, causing all the cleaning boxes 20 to slide on the outer side of their corresponding grate bars 3. As the cleaning boxes 20 slide, the cleaning bristles 24 inside the worm gear 23 clean the outer surface of the grate bars 3. The transmission rod 21 and the first rollers 27 at both ends assist the cleaning boxes 20 in sliding. Simultaneously, the first rollers 27 drive all the worm gears 22 to rotate via the first rotating shaft and the telescopic universal joint 25. The worm gears 22 drive the meshing worm gears 23 to rotate, which in turn drive the cleaning bristles 24 to rotate around the axis of the grate bars 3. This ensures that the cleaning bristles 24 rotate around the grate bars 3 while sliding on their outer side, thus enhancing the cleaning effect on the outer surface of the grate bars 3.

[0066] Each cleaning box 20 has an installation groove on its inner side, which is radially arranged along the grate bars 3. A sliding rod 30 is slidably installed inside the installation groove, and a third spring 31 is fixed between the sliding rod 30 and the bottom surface of the installation groove. A limit strip is fixedly installed on the outer side of the sliding rod 30, and a limit groove is provided on the inner wall of the installation groove. The limit strip slides and engages with the limit groove, thus ensuring that the sliding rod 30 does not rotate inside the installation groove. A second roller 32 is rotatably installed at the end of the sliding rod 30 located outside the installation groove, and the second roller 32 rolls in contact with the outer side of the grate bars 3. A detection post 33 is also fixedly installed at the end of the sliding rod 30 located outside the installation groove, and the length of the detection post 33 is less than the radius of the second roller 32. An alarm 34 is fixedly installed on the outer side of each cleaning box 20, and the alarm 34 is electrically connected to the detection post 33 inside the cleaning box 20.

[0067] A receiving groove 35 is provided on the inner walls of the left and right sides of the screening box 2. A first baffle 36 is rotatably mounted on the upper side of the opening of the receiving groove 35, and a second baffle 37 is rotatably mounted on the lower side of the opening of the receiving groove 35. A first electric push rod 38 and a second electric push rod 39 are rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the receiving groove 35. One end of the piston rod of the first electric push rod 38 is hinged to the first baffle 36, and one end of the piston rod of the second electric push rod 39 is hinged to the second baffle 37. A row of clearance grooves is provided at the lower edge of the first baffle 36 and the upper edge of the second baffle 37 to avoid the grate bars 3. When the piston rods of the first electric push rod 38 and the second electric push rod 39 are both in the retracted state, the first baffle 36 and the second baffle 37 remain vertical, thereby closing the opening of the storage slot 35. When the piston rods of the first electric push rod 38 and the second electric push rod 39 are both in the extended state, the first baffle 36 and the second baffle 37 rotate outward from the storage slot 35, thereby opening the opening of the storage slot 35. When cleaning of the grate 3 is not required, a row of cleaning boxes 20 are selectively stored inside one of the storage slots 35, and the first baffle 36 and the second baffle 37 are both in the closed state.

[0068] A third electric push rod 41 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the lower end of the guide rail groove 26. The piston rod of the third electric push rod 41 is vertically upward, and a vertical third baffle 40 is fixedly installed at one end of the piston rod of the third electric push rod 41. The third baffle 40 is slidably installed at the opening of the guide rail groove 26 along the vertical direction. When the third electric push rod 41 is in the retracted state, the third baffle 40 is located on the inner side of the lower end of the guide rail groove 26, so that the guide rail groove 26 is in the open state; when the third electric push rod 41 is in the extended state, the third baffle 40 is located at the opening of the guide rail groove 26, so that the guide rail groove 26 is in the closed state.

[0069] A vision sensor 42 is fixedly installed on the front side of the upper end of the screening box 2 to detect whether the screening box 2 is blocked.

[0070] A construction method for replacing the isolation coal pillars in a coal mining face using filling materials, comprising the following steps:

[0071] S1. Pour the coal gangue to be screened onto the top of the screening box 2. Coal gangue of the correct size falls into the feed box 1 through the gaps between the grate bars 3, while unqualified coal gangue remains above the grate bars 3.

[0072] S2. After screening is completed, the second electric push rod 39 is activated. The piston rod of the second electric push rod 39 extends and pushes the second baffle 37 to rotate. The second baffle 37 opens and is no longer in contact with the grate bars 3, opening the lower half of the collection trough 35. The first motor 6 is activated. The first motor 6 drives the screening box 2 to rotate through the rotating rod 5. When the screening box 2 rotates 90 degrees, the first gear 11 and the first rack 9 begin to mesh. As the screening box 2 continues to rotate, the first gear 11 remains stationary, and the first rack 9 slides forward toward the bottom of the screening box 2 under the action of the first gear 11, stretching the second spring 10. The first rack 9 drives the lifting plate 7 to move synchronously, and the lifting plate 7 drives the grate bars 3 at the odd-numbered positions that are rotatably connected to it to move synchronously, compressing the first spring 8. At the same time, the first rack 9 drives the transmission gear 13 to rotate during its movement, and the transmission gear 13 drives the second rack 12 to slide inside the screening box 2. The second rack 12 drives the second gear 14 to rotate forward. During the rotation of the second gear 14, the chuck 19 inside the second gear 14 intermittently squeezes the chuck teeth 17, and the chuck teeth 17 intermittently squeezes the torsion spring 18. The chuck teeth 17 and the chuck 19 rotate relative to each other, thus preventing the grate bars 3 at the even-numbered positions from rotating. As the lifting plate 7 approaches the unloading box 1, it drives the third gear 15 to move synchronously. The third gear 15 rotates forward under the meshing action of the third rack 16. The chuck 19 inside the third gear 15 intermittently presses against the locking teeth 17, which in turn intermittently presses against the torsion spring 18. The locking teeth 17 and the chuck 19 rotate relative to each other, thus preventing the grate bars 3 at odd-numbered positions from rotating. As the grate bars 3 at odd-numbered positions move synchronously with the lifting plate 7, they drive the cleaning box 20 on their outer side to move synchronously, and the telescopic universal joint 25 connected to the cleaning box 20 gradually extends.

[0073] S3. When the screening box 2 rotates 180 degrees, the first rack 9 slides to its maximum distance. At this time, the two adjacent grate bars 3 are misaligned, releasing the coal gangue stuck between the two adjacent grate bars 3.

[0074] S4. After the stuck coal gangue is released, the first motor 6 is started. The first motor 6 rotates in the reverse direction, driving the first rack 9 to slide in the reverse direction. Driven by the first rack 9, the second rack 12 slides in the reverse direction away from the bottom of the screening box 2. The second rack 12 drives the second gear 14 to rotate in the reverse direction. The second gear 14 drives the chuck 19 inside it to rotate in the reverse direction. At this time, the chuck 19 abuts against the chuck tooth 17 through the chuck groove, thereby driving the grate bar 3, which is rotatably connected to the second gear 14, to rotate synchronously. The first rack 9 drives the lifting plate 7 to slide in the reverse direction, raising and lowering... The plate 7 drives the third gear 15 to move synchronously. While moving with the lifting plate 7, the third gear 15 meshes with the third rack 16 and rotates in the opposite direction under the action of the third rack 16. The third gear 15 drives the chuck 19 inside to rotate in the opposite direction. At this time, the chuck 19 abuts against the tooth 17 through the slot, thereby driving the grate 3, which is rotatably connected to the third gear 15, to rotate synchronously. As the grate 3 moves in the opposite direction with the lifting plate 7, the grate 3 drives the cleaning box 20 to move synchronously, and the telescopic universal joint 25 connected to the cleaning box 20 will gradually shorten.

[0075] S5. Start the first electric push rod 38 and the third electric push rod 41. The piston rod of the first electric push rod 38 extends and pushes the first baffle 36 to rotate, opening the upper part of the storage slot 35. At this time, the storage slot 35 is fully open. The third electric push rod 41 shortens and pulls the third baffle 40 to slide downward, opening the guide rail slot 26.

[0076] S6. Start the second motor 29. The second motor 29 drives the first roller 27 to rotate. The first roller 27 rolls in the guide groove 26. The first roller 27 drives the telescopic universal joint 25 to rotate through the first rotating shaft, which in turn drives the worm gear 22 and the first roller 27 at the other end to rotate. The rotation of the worm gear 22 drives the worm wheel 23 to rotate, which in turn drives the cleaning bristles 24 to rotate. During the rotation of the worm gear 22, the worm gear 22 will drive the cleaning box 20 to slide along the direction of the guide groove 26. As the cleaning... The sliding of the cleaning box 20 drives the transmission rod 21 and the telescopic universal joint 25 and the first roller 27 connected to the transmission rod 21 to move. During the movement of the cleaning box 20, the second roller 32 is always in contact with the outer wall of the grate bar 3 under the action of the third spring 31 and the slide rod 30. When there is wear on both sides of the outer wall of the grate bar 3, the second roller 32 sinks into the worn part, the detection column 33 contacts the outer wall of the grate bar 3 and generates pressure, the alarm 34 sounds an audible and visual alarm and stops sliding; otherwise, it continues to slide.

[0077] S7. Start the second motor 29 to reset the cleaning box 20, start the first electric push rod 38, the second electric push rod 39, and the third electric push rod 41 to reset the first baffle 36, the second baffle 37, and the third baffle 40, and prepare for the next screening.

[0078] The working principle of this invention is as follows:

[0079] I. Screening Operation Stage

[0080] After the device is started, the coal gangue to be screened is poured into the top of the screening box 2. Multiple sets of cylindrical grate bars 3 inside the screening box 2 are arranged at equal intervals of 30mm. Qualified coal gangue smaller than 30mm falls naturally through the gaps in the grate bars 3 into the lower feed box 1 for storage, while unqualified coal gangue exceeding the size limit remains above the grate bars 3, completing the initial screening. At this time, the first baffle 36 and the second baffle 37 at the receiving trough 35 are in a closed state, jointly blocking the receiving trough 35; the third electric push rod 41 at the guide rail groove 26 is in an extended state, pushing the third baffle 40 upwards to block the guide rail groove 26, preventing coal gangue and debris from entering the receiving trough 35 and the guide rail groove 26.

[0081] II. Stage of Impurity Removal and Grate Bar Lifting / Lowering

[0082] After the screening operation is completed, the second electric push rod 39 is activated, and its piston rod extends to push the second baffle 37 to rotate, opening the lower half of the receiving trough 35. Then, the first motor 6 on one side of the feeding box 1 is activated. The first motor 6 drives the rotating rod 5 to rotate inside the sleeve 4, causing the screening box 2 to start rotating. When the screening box 2 rotates to 90 degrees, the first gear 11 fixed on the outer wall of the sleeve 4 begins to mesh with the first rack 9 on the lifting plate 7 inside the screening box 2. As the screening box 2 continues to rotate, the fixed first gear 11 drives the first rack 9 to slide forward towards the bottom of the screening box 2, simultaneously stretching the second spring 10 at the top. The first rack 9 drives the lifting plate 7 to move synchronously, compressing the first spring 8 at the bottom of the lifting plate 7. The grate bars 3 at the odd-numbered positions connected to the lifting plate 7 descend synchronously with the lifting plate 7 (moving towards the bottom of the screening box 2).

[0083] Meanwhile, the first rack 9 slides forward, driving the transmission gear 13 to rotate, which in turn drives the second rack 12 to slide. The second rack 12 drives the second gears 14 at both ends of the even-numbered grate bars 3 to rotate forward. The lifting plate 7 drives the third gears 15 at both ends of the odd-numbered grate bars 3 to move. The third gears 15 mesh with the fixed third rack 16 to generate forward rotation. Since the locking teeth 17, torsion springs 18, and chucks 19 on the inner wall of the gears form a unidirectional transmission structure similar to a ratchet and pawl, the forward-rotating chuck 19 only squeezes the locking teeth 17 to deform the torsion springs 18, and cannot drive the grate bars 3 to rotate. The grate bars 3 only achieve position lifting. When the screening box 2 rotates to 180 degrees, the first rack 9 slides to its maximum distance, and the grate bars 3 at the odd and even positions are misaligned. The distance between adjacent grate bars 3 increases, completely releasing the previously stuck coal gangue. The unqualified coal gangue is discharged under gravity.

[0084] III. Reset and Unidirectional Rotation Stage of the Grate Bars

[0085] After the stuck coal gangue is discharged, the first motor 6 rotates in the reverse direction, driving the screening box 2 to reset. During this process, the first rack 9 slides in the reverse direction under the meshing action of the first gear 11 and the rebound action of the second spring 10 and the first spring 8, and the lifting plate 7 and the grate bars 3 at the odd-numbered positions gradually return to their initial positions. At the same time, the reverse sliding of the first rack 9 drives the transmission gear 13 and the second rack 12 to move in the opposite direction, and the second rack 12 drives the second gear 14 to rotate in the opposite direction; the lifting plate 7 drives the third gear 15 to move in the opposite direction, and the third gear 15 meshes with the third rack 16 to generate reverse rotation. At this time, the chuck 19 rotates in the opposite direction with the gears, and the chuck slot and the chuck tooth 17 are precisely engaged, pushing the chuck tooth 17 to drive the grate bar 3 to rotate unidirectionally, realizing the adjustment of the working surface of the grate bar 3 and avoiding damage to the same working surface due to long-term stress.

[0086] IV. Cleaning and Grate Inspection Stage

[0087] After the screening box 2 is reset, the first electric push rod 38 and the third electric push rod 41 are activated. The piston rod of the first electric push rod 38 extends, pushing the first baffle 36 to rotate, opening the upper part of the receiving groove 35, making the receiving groove 35 completely open; the piston rod of the third electric push rod 41 shortens, pulling the third baffle 40 to slide downward, opening the guide rail groove 26. Then the second motor 29 in the drive box 28 is activated. The second motor 29 drives the first roller 27 close to itself to rotate. The first roller 27 rolls in the guide rail groove 26, driving the connected telescopic universal joint 25 to rotate through the first rotating shaft, thereby driving the worm gear 22 and the first roller 27 at the other end to rotate synchronously.

[0088] The worm gear 22 rotates, driving the meshing worm wheel 23 to rotate. The cleaning bristles 24 on the inner wall of the worm wheel 23 rotate with the worm wheel 23, wiping and cleaning the outer wall of the grate bars 3. At the same time, the rotation of the worm gear 22 causes the cleaning box 20 to slide along the guide rail groove 26. The cleaning box 20 synchronously drives the transmission rod 21 and the connected telescopic universal joint 25 and the first roller 27 to move, achieving comprehensive cleaning of all grate bars 3. During the cleaning process, the second roller 32 inside the cleaning box 20, under the elastic force of the third spring 31, rolls against the outer wall of the grate bars 3 through the slide rod 30. If there is wear on the outer wall of the grate bars 3, the second roller 32 sinks into the worn part, and the detection column 33 moves outward with the slide rod 30 and comes into contact with the grate bars 3, generating pressure, triggering the alarm 34 to sound and light an alarm and stopping the second motor 29. If the grate bars 3 are undamaged, the cleaning box 20 continues to slide until cleaning is completed.

[0089] V. Device Reset Stage

[0090] After the cleaning operation is completed, the second motor 29 is started to rotate in reverse, driving the cleaning box 20 to reset into the storage slot 35. Then, the first electric push rod 38, the second electric push rod 39, and the third electric push rod 41 are started. The piston rods of the three push rods retract, pulling the first baffle 36 and the second baffle 37 to rotate and reset respectively, and pushing the third baffle 40 to slide upward and reset, covering the storage slot 35 and the guide rail slot 26 again. The device returns to its initial state and is ready for the next screening operation.

[0091] VI. Alternation Phase

[0092] In operation, the two sets of devices are arranged in a centrally symmetrical layout to form a linked system. In the initial state, one set starts the screening operation, while the other set performs cleaning and maintenance operations simultaneously. The continuous and uninterrupted screening process is ensured by alternating working modes. The vision sensor 42 monitors the gap of the top grate bars 3 of the screening box 2 in real time. When coal gangue is detected to be stuck, the set of devices immediately switches to the cleaning state: the first motor 6 drives the screening box 2 to flip and unblock it. During the reset, the rotating mechanism drives the grate bars 3 to rotate in one direction, and the cleaning box 20 of the cleaning mechanism drives the cleaning brushes 24 to clean the screen surface. The detection column 33 simultaneously detects damage to the grate bars 3. At the same time, the coal gangue conveying system automatically guides the material to the other set of devices in a standby state, ensuring that both sets always maintain the best screening efficiency.

[0093] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A construction device for replacing the isolation coal pillars in a coal mining face using filling bodies, characterized in that: The system includes a feeding box (1), a screening box (2) rotatably mounted on the upper end of the feeding box (1), and multiple equidistant grate bars (3) rotatably mounted inside the screening box (2). Lifting mechanisms are installed at both the left and right ends inside the screening box (2). When the screening box (2) rotates, the lifting mechanisms drive the grate bars (3) at odd-numbered positions to rise and fall. Rotating mechanisms are also installed at both the left and right ends inside the screening box (2). When the screening box (2) rotates to the open state, the rotating mechanisms cannot drive the grate bars. The bar (3) rotates. When the screening box (2) rotates to the closed state, the bar (3) can be driven to rotate through the rotating mechanism. A cleaning mechanism is provided inside the screening box (2). The cleaning mechanism includes a cleaning box (20). A cleaning box (20) is slidably sleeved on the outside of each bar (3). A cleaning brush (24) is provided inside the cleaning box (20). When the cleaning box (20) slides on the outside of the bar (3), the bar (3) is cleaned by the cleaning brush (24). A sleeve (4) is fixedly installed on both sides of the upper end face of the feeding box (1). The same rotating rod (5) is rotatably inserted inside the two sleeves (4). The rotating rod (5) is fixedly connected to the screening box (2). A first motor (6) is fixedly installed on the feeding box (1). The output shaft of the first motor (6) is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating rod (5). The lifting mechanism includes a lifting plate (7), a first spring (8), a first rack (9), a second spring (10), and a first gear (11). A first gear (11) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the two sleeves (4) at their opposite ends, and both first gears (11) are half gears. A lifting plate (7) is slidably installed on the inner wall of the left and right sides of the screening box (2) along the vertical direction. Multiple first springs (8) are fixedly installed at the lower end of each lifting plate (7), and the lower end of the first spring (8) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the screening box (2). The ends of the grate bars (3) located at odd positions are rotatably connected to the lifting plates (7) on both sides, and the ends of the grate bars (3) located at even positions are rotatably connected to the inner walls of the left and right sides of the screening box (2); a vertical first rack (9) is fixedly installed on each lifting plate (7); a second spring (10) is fixedly installed at the upper end of each first rack (9), and the upper end of the second spring (10) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the screening box (2); the two first racks (9) are intermittently meshed with the first gear (11) on the same side; The rotating mechanism includes a second rack (12), a transmission gear (13), a second gear (14), a third gear (15), and a third rack (16); a second rack (12) is slidably arranged on the inner walls of the left and right sides of the screening box (2) along the front-back direction, and a transmission gear (13) is rotatably arranged on the inner walls of the left and right sides of the two screening boxes (2), and the transmission gear (13) meshes with the second rack (12) and the first rack (9) on the same side at the same time; a second gear (14) is rotatably arranged at the left and right ends of the grate bar (3) located at the even-numbered position, and the second... Gear (14) meshes with the second rack (12) on the same side; a third gear (15) is rotatably set at both ends of the grate bar (3) located at the odd position. The third gears (15) on both sides are located inside the lifting plates (7) on both sides and are rotatably connected to the lifting plates (7); multiple vertical third racks (16) are also fixedly set on the inner walls of the left and right sides of the screening box (2). The third racks (16) on both sides are slidably inserted into the lifting plates (7) on the same side. The third racks (16) inside the lifting plates (7) correspond one-to-one with the third gears (15) and mesh with each other.

2. The construction device for replacing the isolation coal pillar in a coal mining face using a filling body according to claim 1, characterized in that: A chuck (19) is fixedly installed inside the second gear (14) and the third gear (15), and a groove is provided inside the chuck (19); a tooth (17) is rotatably installed at both ends of the grate bar (3), and a torsion spring (18) is provided between the tooth (17) and the end of the grate bar (3); the tooth (17) at both ends of the grate bar (3) located at even-numbered positions engages with the groove on the chuck (19) inside the second gear (14) on both sides, and the tooth (17) at both ends of the grate bar (3) located at odd-numbered positions engages with the groove on the chuck (19) inside the third gear (15) on both sides; the tooth (17), the chuck (19), and the torsion spring (18) together form a ratchet and pawl structure.

3. The construction device for replacing the isolation coal pillar in a coal mining face using a filling body according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism also includes a transmission rod (21), a worm (22), a worm wheel (23), and a telescopic universal joint (25); each cleaning box (20) is rotatably equipped with a transmission rod (21) and a worm (22), and adjacent transmission rods (21) and adjacent worms (22) are connected by a telescopic universal joint (25); each cleaning box (20) is rotatably equipped with a worm wheel (23), which is sleeved on the outside of the corresponding grate bar (3), and the worm (22) inside the cleaning box (20) meshes with the worm wheel (23); a ring of cleaning bristles (24) is fixedly provided on the inner side of the worm wheel (23), and the cleaning bristles (24) are in contact with the outer side of the grate bar (3).

4. The construction device for replacing the isolation coal pillar in a coal mining face using filling material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism also includes a guide rail groove (26), a first roller (27), a drive box (28), and a second motor (29). Guide rail grooves (26) are respectively provided on the inner walls of the front and rear sides of the screening box (2). The two worm gears (22) at the ends are connected to the two first rotating shafts respectively through telescopic universal joints (25), and the two transmission rods (21) at the ends are connected to the two second rotating shafts respectively through telescopic universal joints (25). The first rollers (27) are fixedly provided on the two first rotating shafts and the two second rotating shafts. The first rollers (27) on the two first rotating shafts and the two second rotating shafts are respectively rolled inside the two guide rail grooves (26). A drive box (28) is slidably provided inside one of the guide rail grooves (26). A second motor (29) is fixedly provided inside the drive box (28). The output shaft of the second motor (29) is fixedly connected to the first roller (27) on the first rotating shaft.

5. The construction device for replacing the isolation coal pillar in a coal mining face using a filling body according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism also includes a slide rod (30), a third spring (31), a second roller (32), a detection column (33), and an alarm (34). Each cleaning box (20) has an installation groove on its inner side, and a slide rod (30) is slidably installed inside the installation groove. A third spring (31) is fixed between the slide rod (30) and the bottom surface inside the installation groove. A second roller (32) is rotatably installed at the end of the slide rod (30) located outside the installation groove. The second roller (32) rolls in contact with the outer side of the grate bar (3). A detection column (33) is also fixedly installed at the end of the slide rod (30) located outside the installation groove. An alarm (34) is fixedly installed on the outer side of each cleaning box (20). The alarm (34) is electrically connected to the detection column (33) inside the cleaning box (20).

6. The construction device for replacing the isolation coal pillar in a coal mining face using filling material according to claim 5, characterized in that: A collection trough (35) is provided on the inner walls of the left and right sides of the screening box (2). A first baffle (36) is rotatably provided on the upper side of the opening of the collection trough (35), and a second baffle (37) is rotatably provided on the lower side of the opening of the collection trough (35). A first electric push rod (38) and a second electric push rod (39) are rotatably provided on the inner wall of the collection trough (35). One end of the piston rod of the first electric push rod (38) is hinged to the first baffle (36), and one end of the piston rod of the second electric push rod (39) is hinged to the second baffle (37).

7. A construction method for replacing isolation coal pillars in a coal mining face using filling bodies, as described in claim 6, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: S1. Pour the coal gangue to be screened onto the top of the screening box (2). Coal gangue of qualified size falls into the feed box (1) through the gap between the grate bars (3), while unqualified coal gangue remains above the grate bars (3). S2. After screening, control the screening box (2) to start rotating. When the screening box (2) rotates 90 degrees, the first gear (11) and the first rack (9) begin to mesh. As the screening box (2) continues to rotate, the first rack (9) slides towards the bottom of the screening box (2) under the action of the first gear (11). The first rack (9) drives the lifting plate (7) and the grate bars (3) at odd positions to slide towards the bottom of the screening box (2) simultaneously. At the same time, the first rack (9) drives the transmission gear (13) to rotate during the movement. The transmission gear (13) drives the second rack (12) to slide inside the screening box (2). The second rack (12) drives the second rack (12) to slide. Gear (14) rotates in the forward direction; as the lifting plate (7) approaches the unloading box (1), the lifting plate (7) drives the third gear (15) to move synchronously, and the third gear (15) will rotate in the forward direction under the meshing action of the third rack (16); the second gear (14) and the cleat (17) inside the second gear (14) rotate relative to the chuck (19) in the forward rotation, so that the grating bars (3) at the odd and even positions will not rotate; the grating bars (3) at the odd positions drive the cleaning box (20) on their outer side to move synchronously as the lifting plate (7) moves synchronously, and the telescopic universal joint (25) connected to the cleaning box (20) gradually extends; S3. When the screening box (2) rotates 180 degrees, the first rack (9) slides to the maximum distance. At this time, the two adjacent grate bars (3) are misaligned, releasing the coal gangue stuck between the two adjacent grate bars (3). S4. After the stuck coal gangue is released, the control screening box (2) starts to rotate in the opposite direction, driving the first rack (9) to slide in the opposite direction. Under the drive of the first rack (9), the second rack (12) slides in the opposite direction away from the bottom of the screening box (2). The second rack (12) drives the second gear (14) to rotate in the opposite direction. The first rack (9) drives the lifting plate (7) to slide in the opposite direction. The lifting plate (7) drives the third gear (15) to move synchronously. The third gear (15) meshes with the third rack (16) while moving with the lifting plate (7). When the gear is engaged, the third gear (15) rotates in the opposite direction under the action of the third rack (16). The second gear (14) and the locking teeth (17) inside the second gear (14) engage with the chuck (19) in the opposite direction, thereby driving the grate bar (3) connected to the second gear (14) and the third gear (15) to rotate synchronously. As the grate bar (3) moves in the opposite direction with the lifting plate (7), the grate bar (3) drives the cleaning box (20) to move synchronously, and the telescopic universal joint (25) connected to the cleaning box (20) will gradually shorten. S5. Start the first electric push rod (38) and the third electric push rod (41). The piston rod of the first electric push rod (38) extends and pushes the first baffle (36) to rotate, opening the upper part of the storage slot (35). At this time, the storage slot (35) is fully open. S6. Start the second motor (29). The second motor (29) drives the first roller (27) to rotate. The first roller (27) rolls in the guide groove (26). The first roller (27) drives the telescopic universal joint (25) to rotate through the first rotating shaft, which in turn drives the worm (22) and the first roller (27) at the other end to rotate. The rotation of the worm (22) drives the worm wheel (23) to rotate, which in turn drives the cleaning bristles (24) to rotate. During the rotation of the worm (22), the worm (22) will drive the cleaning box (20) to slide along the direction of the guide groove (26). As the cleaning box... The cleaning box (20) slides, and the cleaning box (20) drives the transmission rod (21) and the telescopic universal joint (25) connected to the transmission rod (21) and the first roller (27) to move. During the movement of the cleaning box (20), the second roller (32) is always in contact with the outer wall of the grate bar (3) under the action of the third spring (31) and the slide rod (30). When there is wear on both sides of the outer wall of the grate bar (3), the second roller (32) sinks into the worn part, the detection column (33) contacts the outer wall of the grate bar (3) and generates pressure, the alarm (34) sounds and lights and stops sliding; otherwise, it continues to slide. S7. Start the second motor (29) to reset the cleaning box (20), start the first electric push rod (38) and the second electric push rod (39) to reset the first baffle (36) and the second baffle (37) and prepare for the next screening.

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