Communication method and communication device

Abstract

The invention discloses a communication method and a communication device, and relates to the field of communication. The communication method comprises the following steps: receiving system parameters, wherein the system parameters comprise at least one of the following items: SFS anchor group configuration, a mapping rule between a device identifier and an SFS anchor group, and lead code configuration; the configuration of the SFS anchor point groups comprises the number N of the SFS anchor point groups and an SFS anchor point frequency list; the preamble configuration comprises a first preamble set used for random access during time-sensitive DO-A service, and a second preamble set used for random access during non-time-sensitive DO-A service; locking on the SFS anchor point frequency of the SFS anchor point group n according to the device identifier, the SFS anchor point group configuration and the mapping rule; according to the type of the DO-A service and lead code configuration, selecting lead codes in the first lead code set or the second lead code set for random access; and receiving the first frequency adjustment parameter, and adjusting the uplink frequency according to the first frequency adjustment parameter.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication, and in particular to a communication method and a communication device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In an Internet of Things (IoT) communication system, in order to improve the sustainability and performance of wireless communication and reduce the power consumption of wireless communication, an ambient Internet of Things (AIoT) technology with low power consumption is introduced, including an IoT device (for example, an AIoT device), an AIoT reader. The IoT device and the AIoT reader communicate through frequency division multiple access (FDMA). The IoT device needs to have a frequency adjustment capability to match the uplink frequency allocated by the AIoT reader. The current frequency adjustment method can only produce a small adjustment offset, which is easy to cause network congestion, or needs a long adjustment time, which causes communication delay. SUMMARY

[0003] Embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and a communication device for reducing communication delay and avoiding network congestion.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present application adopt the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, a communication method is provided, which can be executed by an IoT device, or by a component (such as a circuit, a chip or a chip system, etc.) configured in the IoT device, or by a logic module or software capable of realizing all or part of the functions of the IoT device. The present application does not limit this. The following is described taking a first IoT device as an example.

[0005] The method comprises: a first Internet of Things device receiving broadcasted system parameters, the system parameters comprising at least one of the following: SFS anchor group configuration, mapping rules between device identifiers and SFS anchor groups, preamble configuration. The SFS anchor group configuration comprises the number N of SFS anchor groups. The preamble configuration comprises a first preamble set and a second preamble set, the first preamble set being used for random access when the Internet of Things device performs time-sensitive data autonomous origination (DO-A) service, and the second preamble set being used for random access when the Internet of Things device performs non-time-sensitive DO-A service. The first Internet of Things device locks on the SFS anchor frequency of the SFS anchor group n according to the device identifier, the SFS anchor group configuration, and the mapping rules, where 0≤n<N. The first Internet of Things device selects a preamble in the first preamble set or the second preamble set according to the type of the DO-A service and the preamble configuration to perform random access. The first Internet of Things device receives a first frequency adjustment parameter, and adjusts the uplink frequency according to the first frequency adjustment parameter, the first frequency adjustment parameter being used to indicate the first Internet of Things device to perform SFS adjustment. The first frequency adjustment parameter is determined by the preamble and network congestion.

[0006] The communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application divides all Internet of Things devices into N SFS anchor groups according to the mapping rules between the device identifiers and the SFS anchor groups, divides the uplink spectrum into N independent frequency bands, allocates a frequency band to each SFS anchor group, and takes the center frequency of each frequency band as the SFS anchor frequency. When performing initial random access, the Internet of Things device can autonomously calculate and lock the SFS anchor frequency of the SFS anchor group to which the Internet of Things device belongs, and can always perform SFS adjustment within the frequency band of the SFS anchor group, the adjustment time is very short, and the communication delay is very small. Moreover, the preamble sent by the Internet of Things device can indicate the type of the DO-A service, which is time-sensitive DO-A service or non-time-sensitive DO-A service, the AIoT reader configures the frequency adjustment parameter for the Internet of Things device in combination with the type of the DO-A service and the network congestion, and network congestion is avoided.

[0007] In a possible implementation, the SFS anchor group configuration comprises an SFS anchor frequency list; and locking on the SFS anchor frequency of the SFS anchor group n according to the device identifier, the SFS anchor group configuration, and the mapping rules comprises: performing operation on the device identifier according to the mapping rules to obtain the index n of the SFS anchor group; and finding the SFS anchor frequency of the SFS anchor group n from the SFS anchor frequency list and locking on the SFS anchor frequency.

[0008] By dividing all the Internet of Things devices into N SFS anchor point groups, dividing the uplink spectrum into N independent frequency bands, assigning a frequency band to each SFS anchor point group, and mapping the Internet of Things devices to the frequency band of one of the SFS anchor point groups according to the device identifier of the Internet of Things device, it is equivalent to evenly distributing all the Internet of Things devices to the uplink spectrum, avoiding congestion caused by concentrating on a certain SFS anchor point.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the first preamble set or the second preamble set is selected according to the type of the DO-A service and the preamble configuration, and the selected preamble is used for random access, including: if data of a time-sensitive DO-A service is sent, a preamble in the first preamble set is selected for random access; and if data of a non-time-sensitive DO-A service is sent, a preamble in the second preamble set is selected for random access.

[0010] The Internet of Things device uses the preambles in different preamble sets for random access to indicate that the type of the DO-A service is a time-sensitive DO-A service or a non-time-sensitive DO-A service, which helps the AIoT reader to determine the frequency adjustment parameter in combination with network congestion.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the first frequency adjustment parameter includes at least one of the following: local oscillator (LO) adjustment indication information, a target frequency, a carrier frequency offset (CFO) calibration signal, and a residence duration. The LO adjustment indication information is used to indicate whether the Internet of Things device starts LO adjustment. The target frequency is used to indicate the frequency of the SFS resource allocated to the Internet of Things device. The CFO calibration signal is a reference signal used to measure and correct the CFO. The residence duration is used to indicate the length of time that the Internet of Things device remains in a monitoring state at the target frequency after completing LO adjustment and sending data.

[0012] The LO adjustment indication information in the first frequency adjustment parameter indicates that the Internet of Things device does not start LO adjustment. The target frequency in the first frequency adjustment parameter is a frequency within the frequency band of the SFS anchor point group where the Internet of Things device is located (at this time, the Internet of Things device needs SFS adjustment). The first frequency adjustment parameter can not include the CFO calibration signal and the residence duration.

[0013] In a second aspect, a communication method is provided, which can be executed by an AIoT reader, or can also be executed by a component (such as a circuit, a chip, or a chip system, etc.) configured in the AIoT reader, and can also be implemented by a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the AIoT reader. The present application does not limit this. The following is described by taking the AIoT reader as an example.

[0014] The method comprises: an AIoT reader sending system parameters, the system parameters comprising at least one of the following: SFS anchor group configuration, mapping rules between device identifiers and SFS anchor groups, and preamble configuration. The SFS anchor group configuration comprises the number N of SFS anchor groups; the preamble configuration comprises a first preamble set and a second preamble set, the first preamble set being used for random access of the Internet of Things device when performing time-sensitive DO-A service, and the second preamble set being used for random access of the Internet of Things device when performing non-time-sensitive DO-A service. The AIoT reader receives a preamble in the first preamble set or the second preamble set. The AIoT reader sends a first frequency adjustment parameter to the first Internet of Things device according to the received preamble and network congestion, the first frequency adjustment parameter being used to instruct the first Internet of Things device to perform SFS adjustment.

[0015] The communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application divides all Internet of Things devices into N SFS anchor groups according to the mapping rules between device identifiers and SFS anchor groups, divides the uplink spectrum into N independent frequency bands, allocates a frequency band to each SFS anchor group, and takes the center frequency of each frequency band as an SFS anchor frequency. When performing initial random access, the Internet of Things device can autonomously calculate and lock the SFS anchor frequency of the SFS anchor group to which the Internet of Things device belongs, and can always perform SFS adjustment in the frequency band of the SFS anchor group, the adjustment time is very short, and the communication delay is very small. Moreover, the preamble sent by the Internet of Things device can indicate the type of DO-A service, which is time-sensitive DO-A service or non-time-sensitive DO-A service. The AIoT reader configures the frequency adjustment parameter for the Internet of Things device in combination with the type of DO-A service and network congestion, thereby avoiding network congestion.

[0016] In a possible implementation, according to the received preamble and network congestion, the first frequency adjustment parameter is sent to the first Internet of Things device, comprising: determining the DO-A type of the first Internet of Things device according to the received preamble; determining the SFS anchor group n to which the first Internet of Things device belongs according to the device identifier of the first Internet of Things device or the frequency band to which the uplink frequency belongs; and determining whether the first resource area of the SFS anchor group n is congested.

[0017] If the first resource area of the SFS anchor group n is not congested, an idle SFS resource is allocated to the first Internet of Things device as a target frequency in the first resource area of the SFS anchor group n, and the first frequency adjustment parameter is sent to the first Internet of Things device. This way allows the first Internet of Things device to complete transmission only through baseband digital frequency shift, without triggering LO adjustment, thereby maximizing the energy efficiency of the system and maintaining low-power operation of the first Internet of Things device by default.

[0018] If the first resource area of the SFS anchor group n is congested, and the DO-A type of the first Internet of Things device is a time-sensitive DO-A service, an idle SFS resource is allocated to the first Internet of Things device as a target frequency in the second resource area of the SFS anchor group n, and a first frequency adjustment parameter is sent to the first Internet of Things device. This method ensures that the first Internet of Things device does not need to adjust the LO to cause communication delay, and the transmission of the time-sensitive service can be ensured through SFS adjustment even when the network is congested.

[0019] If the first resource area of the SFS anchor group n is congested, and the DO-A type of the first Internet of Things device is a non-time-sensitive DO-A service, at least one second Internet of Things device also belonging to the SFS anchor group n is selected from the oldest aging state list, a second frequency adjustment parameter is sent to the second Internet of Things device, instructing the second Internet of Things device to temporarily migrate out of the SFS anchor group n and perform LO adjustment, and the SFS resource released by the second Internet of Things device is reallocated to the first Internet of Things device as a target frequency, and a first frequency adjustment parameter is sent to the first Internet of Things device.

[0020] This method finds Internet of Things devices belonging to the same SFS anchor group from the oldest aging state list, forces the Internet of Things devices to perform LO adjustment according to the CFO calibration signal, and vacates SFS resources for newly accessed Internet of Things devices. This design ingeniously converts the signaling overhead inherent in LO adjustment into the benefits of automatic aging state updating, effectively solving the problems of resource waste caused by network-wide broadcasting of CFO calibration signals and lack of basis for on-demand sending in the prior art.

[0021] In a possible implementation, the method further includes: when the information of the first Internet of Things device is received, removing the device identifier of the first Internet of Things device from the current aging state list and adding the device identifier to the aging state list with the newest aging state; and every time a preset time elapses, removing the device identifier of the Internet of Things device in the oldest aging state list and moving the device identifier of the Internet of Things device in the aging state list with the updated aging state to the aging state list with the older aging state.

[0022] The hierarchical management of the aging state list according to the embodiments of the present application is designed to solve the problem that in a super-large Internet of Things scenario, if the network side maintains an independent timer for each Internet of Things device, it will bring huge memory overhead, processing delay and complexity. The aging state list is used to realize batch maintenance of the aging state of all Internet of Things devices, thereby reducing the memory overhead, processing delay and complexity.

[0023] In a possible implementation, the first frequency adjustment parameter comprises at least one of the following: LO adjustment indication information, target frequency, CFO calibration signal, and residence duration. The LO adjustment indication information is used to indicate whether the LO adjustment is started by the Internet of Things device; the target frequency is used to indicate the frequency of the SFS resource allocated to the Internet of Things device; the CFO calibration signal is a reference signal used to measure and correct the CFO; and the residence duration is used to indicate the length of time for which the Internet of Things device remains in a monitoring state at the target frequency after completing the LO adjustment and sending data.

[0024] The LO adjustment indication information in the first frequency adjustment parameter indicates that the LO adjustment is not started by the Internet of Things device. The target frequency in the first frequency adjustment parameter is a frequency within the frequency band of the SFS anchor group to which the Internet of Things device belongs (at this time, the SFS adjustment is required for the Internet of Things device). The first frequency adjustment parameter can not include the CFO calibration signal and the residence duration.

[0025] In a third aspect, a communication apparatus is provided, which comprises a communication module and a processing module. The communication module is configured to receive system parameters, the system parameters comprising at least one of the following: small frequency offset (SFS) anchor group configuration, mapping rule between device identifier and SFS anchor group, and preamble configuration. The SFS anchor group configuration comprises the number N of SFS anchor groups. The preamble configuration comprises a first preamble set and a second preamble set, the first preamble set being used for random access by the Internet of Things device when performing time-sensitive data autonomous reporting (DO-A) service, and the second preamble set being used for random access by the Internet of Things device when performing non-time-sensitive DO-A service. The processing module is configured to lock at the SFS anchor frequency of the SFS anchor group n according to the device identifier, the SFS anchor group configuration, and the mapping rule, 0≤n<N; and select a preamble in the first preamble set or the second preamble set according to the type of the DO-A service and the preamble configuration, for random access. The communication module is configured to receive a first frequency adjustment parameter, and adjust the uplink frequency according to the first frequency adjustment parameter, the first frequency adjustment parameter being used to indicate that the SFS adjustment is performed by the first Internet of Things device, and the first frequency adjustment parameter being determined by the preamble and network congestion.

[0026] In a possible implementation, the processing module is configured to perform operation on the device identifier according to the mapping rule, to obtain the index n of the SFS anchor group; and find the SFS anchor frequency of the SFS anchor group n from the SFS anchor frequency list, and lock at the SFS anchor frequency.

[0027] In a possible implementation, the processing module is configured to select a preamble in the first preamble set for random access if data of the time-sensitive DO-A service is sent; and select a preamble in the second preamble set for random access if data of the non-time-sensitive DO-A service is sent.

[0028] In a fourth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided, which comprises a communication module. The communication module is configured to send system parameters, the system parameters comprising at least one of: a small frequency shift (SFS) anchor group configuration, a mapping rule between a device identifier and an SFS anchor group, a preamble configuration; the SFS anchor group configuration comprising a number N of SFS anchor groups; the preamble configuration comprising a first preamble set and a second preamble set, the first preamble set being used for random access by an Internet of Things (IoT) device for a time-sensitive data autonomous reporting (DO-A) service, the second preamble set being used for random access by the IoT device for a non-time-sensitive DO-A service; receive a preamble in the first preamble set or the second preamble set; and send, to a first IoT device, a first frequency adjustment parameter based on the received preamble and network congestion, the first frequency adjustment parameter being used to instruct the first IoT device to perform SFS adjustment.

[0029] In a possible implementation, the communication module is configured to determine a DO-A service type of the first IoT device based on the received preamble; determine an SFS anchor group n to which the first IoT device belongs based on a device identifier of the first IoT device or a frequency band to which an uplink frequency belongs; determine whether a first resource area of the SFS anchor group n is congested; if the first resource area of the SFS anchor group n is not congested, allocate an idle SFS resource in the first resource area of the SFS anchor group n as a target frequency for the first IoT device, and send the first frequency adjustment parameter to the first IoT device; if the first resource area of the SFS anchor group n is congested and the DO-A service type of the first IoT device is a time-sensitive DO-A service, allocate an idle SFS resource in a second resource area of the SFS anchor group n as the target frequency for the first IoT device, and send the first frequency adjustment parameter to the first IoT device; if the first resource area of the SFS anchor group n is congested and the DO-A service type of the first IoT device is a non-time-sensitive DO-A service, select at least one second IoT device that also belongs to the SFS anchor group n from a longest aging state list, send a second frequency adjustment parameter to the second IoT device to instruct the second IoT device to temporarily migrate out of the SFS anchor group n and perform LO adjustment, and re-allocate an SFS resource released by the second IoT device as the target frequency to the first IoT device, and send the first frequency adjustment parameter to the first IoT device.

[0030] In a possible implementation, the processing module is further configured to remove the device identifier of the first IoT device from the current aging state list and add the device identifier to the newest aging state list when the information of the first IoT device is received; and remove the device identifier of the IoT device in the oldest aging state list and move the device identifier of the IoT device in the newest aging state list to the older aging state list every preset time.

[0031] In a fifth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided, which includes a processor. The processor is coupled to a memory and is configured to execute instructions or data in the memory to implement the method in the first aspect or any implementation of the first aspect. Optionally, the communication apparatus further includes the memory. Optionally, the communication apparatus further includes a communication interface, and the processor is coupled to the communication interface.

[0032] In an implementation, the communication interface can be a transceiver, or an input / output interface.

[0033] In another implementation, the communication apparatus is a chip configured in a network device. When the communication apparatus is a chip configured in a network device, the communication interface can be an input / output interface.

[0034] In a sixth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided, which includes a processor. The processor is coupled to a memory and is configured to execute instructions or data in the memory to implement the method in the second aspect or any implementation of the second aspect. Optionally, the communication apparatus further includes the memory. Optionally, the communication apparatus further includes a communication interface, and the processor is coupled to the communication interface.

[0035] In an implementation, the communication interface can be a transceiver, or an input / output interface.

[0036] In another implementation, the communication apparatus is a chip configured in a terminal device. When the communication apparatus is a chip configured in a terminal device, the communication interface can be an input / output interface.

[0037] In a seventh aspect, a processor is provided, which includes an input circuit, an output circuit and a processing circuit. The processing circuit is configured to receive a signal through the input circuit and transmit a signal through the output circuit, so that the processor executes the method in any possible implementation of the first aspect to the second aspect.

[0038] In the implementation process, the processor can be one or more chips, the input circuit can be an input pin, the output circuit can be an output pin, and the processing circuit can be a transistor, a gate circuit, a flip-flop, various logic circuits, etc. The input signal received by the input circuit can be received and input by, for example but not limited to, a receiver, the output signal output by the output circuit can be output to and transmitted by, for example but not limited to, a transmitter, and the input circuit and the output circuit can be the same circuit which is used as the input circuit and the output circuit at different times. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific implementation of the processor and various circuits.

[0039] In an eighth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided, which includes a processor and a memory. The processor is configured to read instructions stored in the memory, and is configured to receive signals via a receiver and transmit signals via a transmitter to perform the method in any possible implementation of the first aspect to the second aspect.

[0040] Optionally, the processor is one or more, and the memory is one or more.

[0041] In a ninth aspect, a computer program product is provided, which includes a computer program (which can also be referred to as code or instructions), and when the computer program is executed, the computer program causes a computer to perform the method in any possible implementation of the first aspect to the second aspect.

[0042] In a tenth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which stores a computer program (which can also be referred to as code or instructions), and when the computer program is executed on a computer, the computer program causes the computer to perform the method in any possible implementation of the first aspect to the second aspect.

[0043] In an eleventh aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a chip system, which includes one or more processors configured to call and execute instructions stored in a memory, so that the method in any possible implementation of the first aspect to the second aspect is performed. The chip system can be composed of a chip, or can include a chip and other discrete devices.

[0044] In the implementation process, the processor can be one or more chips, the input circuit can be an input pin, the output circuit can be an output pin, and the processing circuit can be a transistor, a gate circuit, a flip-flop, various logic circuits, etc. The input signal received by the input circuit can be received and input by, for example but not limited to, a receiver, the output signal output by the output circuit can be output to and transmitted by, for example but not limited to, a transmitter, and the input circuit and the output circuit can be the same circuit which is used as the input circuit and the output circuit at different times. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific implementation of the processor and various circuits.

[0045] In a twelfth aspect, a communication system is provided, which includes the communication apparatus described above, such as an Internet of Things device and an AIoT reader. Optionally, the communication system can also include other devices that communicate with the Internet of Things device and the AIoT reader.

[0046] The technical effects of the third aspect to the twelfth aspect refer to the technical effects of the first aspect to the second aspect and any of the embodiments thereof, which are not repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an architecture of a communication system is provided for the embodiments of the present application. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a structure of a UE is provided for the embodiments of the present application. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a structure of a RAN device is provided for the embodiments of the present application. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a structure of a core network element is provided for the embodiments of the present application. Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a structure of an Internet of Things device is provided for the embodiments of the present application. Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a flow of a communication method is provided for the embodiments of the present application. Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a flow of another communication method is provided for the embodiments of the present application. Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a structure of a communication apparatus is provided for the embodiments of the present application. Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a structure of another communication apparatus is provided for the embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[0049] First, some concepts involved in the present application are described.

[0050] The terms "first", "second", and the like involved in the embodiments of the present application are only used for the purpose of distinguishing the same type of features, and should not be understood as indicating relative importance, quantity, order, and the like.

[0051] The terms "exemplary" or "for example" and the like involved in the embodiments of the present application are used to mean by way of example, illustration or description. Any embodiment or design scheme described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the present application should not be interpreted as more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. Rather, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used in the sense of presenting related concepts in a concrete manner.

[0052] The technical solutions provided in the present application can be applied to various communication systems, for example: a long term evolution (LTE) system, an LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) system, an LTE time division duplex (TDD), a sidelink communication system, a universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS), a worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication system, a non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication system, a 5th generation (5G) mobile communication system, a new radio access technology (NR), a future communication system, a 5G Advanced communication system. Among them, the 5G mobile communication system can include non-standalone (NSA) and / or standalone (SA). The technical solutions provided in the present application can also be applied to future communication systems. The present application does not limit this. The terms "system" and "network" in the embodiments of the present application are often used interchangeably, and the described technology can be used in the above-mentioned systems and radio technologies, and also in other systems and radio technologies.

[0053] Figure 1 An architecture schematic diagram of a communication system to which the embodiments of the present application are applied. The communication system 100 can be used for Internet of Things communication. The communication system 100 can include: a user equipment (UE) 101, a radio access network (RAN) device 102, an Internet of Things device 103, a core network network element 104. The main functions of each device are described below.

[0054] The UE 101 can include various handheld devices having wireless communication functions, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, computing devices, or other processing devices connected to wireless modems; can also include a subscriber unit, a cellular phone, a smart phone, a wireless data card, a personal digital assistant (PDA) computer, a tablet computer, a wireless modem, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, or a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a machine type communication (MTC) terminal, a mobile station (MS), a terminal device, or a relay user equipment, etc. Among them, the relay user equipment can be, for example, a 5G residential gateway (RG).

[0055] The RAN device 102 can include an access network device including, but not limited to, a base station in the above-mentioned communication system, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), a transmission reception point (TRP), a next generation NodeB (gNB) in a 5G mobile communication system, a next generation base station in a 6th generation (6G) mobile communication system, an access network device in an open RAN (ORAN) system, or a module of an access network device, a base station in a future mobile communication system, or an access node in a Wi-Fi system, etc. The access network device can also be a module or unit that can implement part of the functions of the base station. For example, the access network device can be a centralized unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-control plane (CP), a CU-user plane (UP), or a radio unit (RU), etc. described below. Among them, in the ORAN system, the CU can also be referred to as an open (O)-CU, the DU can also be referred to as an open (O)-DU, the CU-CP can also be referred to as an O-CU-CP, the CU-UP can also be referred to as an O-CU-UP, and the RU can also be referred to as an O-RU. The access network device can be a macro base station, a micro base station or an indoor station, a relay node or a donor node, or a wireless controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario. Optionally, the access network device can also be a server, a wearable device, or a vehicle-mounted device, etc. For example, the access network device in vehicle to everything (V2X) technology can be a road side unit (RSU). The multiple access network devices in the communication system can be the same type of base station or different types of base stations. The base station can communicate with the terminal or communicate with the terminal through the relay station. The terminal can communicate with multiple base stations in different access technologies. The RAN device 102 is used for functions such as wireless resource management on the air interface side, uplink and downlink data classification, quality of service (QoS) management, data compression and encryption, signaling processing with the control plane network element, or data forwarding with the user plane function network element, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific form and structure of the RAN device 102. For example, in systems using different wireless access technologies, the RAN device 102 with the function of the base station mayFor example, a base station can be an evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN) device in LTE, such as an evolved NodeB (eNB or e-NodeB), or a next-generation radio access network (NG-RAN) device (such as a gNB) in a 5G system.

[0056] The Internet of Things (IoT) device 103 can be an AIoT device. AIoT devices operate by collecting and utilizing various energy sources in the environment (including but not limited to radio waves, light energy, kinetic energy, and heat energy), improving the sustainability and performance of wireless communication and reducing its power consumption. AIoT devices can be applied in various scenarios, such as smart buildings, asset tracking, agriculture, and smart homes. Specifically, AIoT devices can be smart switches, smart locks, smart meters, sensor-based devices for monitoring machine status and environmental conditions, building automation and control equipment, and tagging devices. In these scenarios, the communication needs of AIoT devices are generally simple, perhaps involving simple asset information reporting or sending minimal sensor data.

[0057] Core network element 104 is used to manage the AIoT communication system and provide AIoT-related services and capabilities.

[0058] like Figure 1 As shown in Figure A, RAN device 102 can act as an AIoT reader, responsible for communication between IoT device 103 and core network element 104. This network architecture is referred to as Topology 1. RAN device 102 integrates AIoT RAN node function and common reader function. The AIoT RAN node function is used for communication with core network element 104, and the common reader function is used for air interface communication with IoT device 103. Alternatively, as... Figure 1 As shown in Figure B, UE 101 can act as an AIoT reader, responsible for communication between IoT device 103, RAN device 102, and core network element 104. This network architecture is called Topology 2.

[0059] The AIoT reader can be referred to as an AIoT reader / writer, an AIoT reader / writer device, a tag reader / writer device, and the like. The AIoT reader can read and write the AIoT device 103 by using wireless communication, so as to achieve the purpose of identifying the target and data exchange. Taking the AIoT device 103 as a tag device for example, the AIoT reader provides energy excitation for the tag device by sending an excitation signal to the tag device, and transmits a command, the tag device sends a response to the AIoT reader by reflecting a signal, in this way, the AIoT reader can identify the identification information of the tag device, and perform read and write operations on the tag device and the like.

[0060] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of a UE is provided for an embodiment of the present application. Taking the UE 101 as a mobile phone for example, the UE 101 can include: radio frequency (RF) circuit 210, memory 220, other input devices 230, display screen 240, sensor 250, audio circuit 260, I / O subsystem 270, processor 280, and power supply 290, and the like. Those skilled in the art can understand that the structure shown in the figure does not constitute a limitation on the UE 101, and can include more or fewer components than the figure, or combine certain components, or split certain components, or different component arrangements. Those skilled in the art can understand that the display screen 240 belongs to the user interface (UI), and the display screen 240 can include a display panel 241 and a touch panel 242. Although not shown, the UE 101 can also include a camera, a Bluetooth module, and the like functional modules or devices, which are not described here.

[0061] Further, the processor 280 is connected with the RF circuit 210, the memory 220, the audio circuit 260, the I / O subsystem 270, and the power supply 290, respectively. The I / O subsystem 270 is connected with the other input devices 230, the display screen 240, and the sensor 250, respectively. Among them, the RF circuit 210 can be used for receiving and sending signals in the process of receiving information or calling, especially, receiving the downlink information from the network device, and sending to the processor 280 for processing. The memory 220 can be used for storing software programs and modules. The processor 280 executes various functional applications and data processing of the UE 101 by running the software programs and modules stored in the memory 220, for example, executes the method related to the embodiments of the present application.

[0062] Other input device 230 can be used to receive input of digital or character information, and generate key signal input relative to the user setting and function control of UE 101. Display screen 240 can be used to display information input by the user or provided to the user and various menus of UE 101, and can also accept user input. Sensor 250 can be a light sensor, motion sensor, or other sensor. Audio circuit 260 can provide an audio interface between the user and UE 101. I / O subsystem 270 is used to control the external devices, which can include other device input controllers, sensor controllers, display controllers. Processor 280 is the control center, which connects various parts of UE 101 through various interfaces and lines, and performs various functions and processes data of UE 101 by running or executing software programs and / or modules stored in memory 220 and calling data stored in memory 220. Power supply 290 (such as a battery) is used to power the above-mentioned various components, and the power supply can be logically connected to processor 280 through a power management system, so as to realize the functions of managing charging, discharging, and power consumption through the power management system.

[0063] Figure 3 A structure schematic diagram of a RAN device is provided for an embodiment of the present application. Taking a base station as an example of RAN device 102, the RAN device 102 can include a building baseband unit (BBU) 301 and a remote radio unit (RRU) 302, the RRU 302 is connected with a sky-feed system (i.e. an antenna) 303, and the BBU 301 and the RRU 302 can be used separately according to needs. The BBU 301 can include a processor 3011, a memory 3012, and a bus system 3013, the processor 3011, the memory 3012 of the BBU 301 are connected with each other through the bus system 3013. The above-mentioned bus system can be a peripheral component interconnect standard bus or an extended industry standard architecture bus, etc. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For convenience of representation, only one line is represented in the figure, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus. The RRU 302 can include an RF circuit 3021, the RF circuit 3021 and the BBU 301 are connected with each other through an optical fiber, and the RF circuit 3021 and the antenna 303 are connected with each other through a coaxial cable. The processor 3011 performs various function applications and data processing of the RAN device 102 by running computer instructions stored in the memory 3012, for example, executes the method related to the embodiments of the present application.

[0064] Figure 4A structural schematic diagram of a core network element is provided in the embodiments of the present application. Taking the core network element 104 as an example, the core network element 104 can include at least one processor 401, a communication line 402, a memory 403 and at least one communication interface 404. The processor 401 can be a general central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits for controlling the execution of programs of the present application. The communication line 402 can include a path for transmitting information between the above components. The communication interface 404 uses any transceiver-like device, for communicating with other devices or communication networks, such as an Ethernet, a radio access network (RAN), a wireless local area networks (WLAN), etc. The memory 403 can be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device that can store information and instructions, an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disk storage, a magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited to this. The memory can exist independently, and is connected to the processor through the communication line 402. The memory can also be integrated with the processor. The memory 403 is used to store computer execution instructions (which can be referred to as application program code) for executing the present application, and the processor 401 controls the execution. The processor 401 is used to execute the computer execution instructions stored in the memory 403, so as to execute the method related to the embodiments of the present application.

[0065] Figure 5A structural diagram of an Internet of Things device is provided for an embodiment of the present application. Taking the Internet of Things device 103 as an example, the Internet of Things device 103 can include a processing module 501, a communication module 502, and an energy harvesting module 503. The processing module 501 is configured to perform data preprocessing and control the Internet of Things device 103 to sleep or start up. The communication module 502 is configured to communicate through backscattering or a simplified radio frequency protocol. The energy harvesting module 503 is configured to convert energy such as radio frequency, light energy, thermal energy, and kinetic energy in the environment into electrical energy to power the processing module 501 and the communication module 502.

[0066] The Internet of Things device communicates with the AIoT reader through frequency division multiple access (FDMA). The Internet of Things device needs to have a frequency adjustment capability to match the communication frequency allocated by the AIoT reader. The current frequency adjustment method mainly includes small frequency shift (SFS) adjustment and local oscillator (LO) adjustment.

[0067] SFS adjustment is a frequency adjustment technology within a limited range. The Internet of Things device generates a small and controllable frequency shift through baseband digital signal processing while keeping the physical frequency of the local oscillator unchanged.

[0068] SFS adjustment has the following advantages: Because the high-power radio frequency frequency synthesizer and the phase-locked loop circuit relocking process are avoided, the power consumption in the SFS mode is extremely low. This is crucial for battery-powered Internet of Things devices that need to last for several years. There is no hardware settling time, and the frequency adjustment is completed instantaneously. This is irreplaceable for key businesses such as event triggering that require millisecond-level response. Because it is based on digital signal processing, it is easier to implement on a chip and has lower requirements for radio frequency front-end hardware.

[0069] SFS adjustment has the following disadvantages: Resource constraints can easily lead to resource congestion. Because the available frequency shift range provided by each SFS anchor point is small, if too many Internet of Things devices belong to this anchor point, the frequency spectrum resource is congested, and the newly arrived devices cannot communicate. It cannot solve the problem of long-distance frequency hopping. When an Internet of Things device needs to be scheduled to another completely different frequency band (such as jumping from 900 MHz to 910 MHz), SFS is powerless and needs to use LO adjustment.

[0070] LO adjustment is a technology that changes the output frequency of the local oscillator in the radio frequency front-end circuit to realize device communication channel switching. The local oscillator is a core component in a radio device for generating a carrier signal.

[0071] The LO adjustment has the following advantages: when there are too many devices in a certain SFS anchor group, causing SFS resource exhaustion, the LO adjustment can schedule the Internet of Things devices to other idle frequency bands, thereby fundamentally solving congestion and improving the capacity of the entire network. Global frequency resource scheduling can be achieved, and global optimization of spectrum resources.

[0072] The LO adjustment has the following disadvantages: starting a phase-locked loop (PLL) and an oscillator for frequency relocking is an energy-intensive operation with high power consumption. The settling time of the phase-locked loop is usually on the order of milliseconds to tens of milliseconds, resulting in high latency and causing communication delays. For event-triggered services that require instantaneous transmission, this cannot meet the requirements. After jumping to a new frequency, there is still a deviation between the actual frequency of the device and the target frequency expected by the network due to the initial error of the device crystal oscillator, so carrier frequency offset (CFO) calibration is still required.

[0073] To this end, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method. An AIoT reader divides all Internet of Things devices into N SFS anchor groups according to a mapping rule between device identifiers and SFS anchor groups, divides the uplink spectrum into N independent frequency bands, allocates a frequency band to each SFS anchor group, and sets the center frequency of each frequency band as an SFS anchor frequency. When initially accessing, an Internet of Things device can independently calculate and lock the SFS anchor frequency of the SFS anchor group to which it belongs, and can always perform SFS adjustment within the frequency band of the SFS anchor group. The adjustment time is very short, and the communication delay is very small. Moreover, the preamble sent by the Internet of Things device can indicate whether the type of DO-A service is time-sensitive DO-A service or non-time-sensitive DO-A service. The AIoT reader configures frequency adjustment parameters for the Internet of Things device in combination with the type of DO-A service and the network congestion situation, thereby avoiding network congestion.

[0074] Figure 6 A flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 6. Figure 6 The AIoT reader in FIG. 1 can be Figure 1 the RAN device 102 shown in FIG. 1A or Figure 1 the UE 101 shown in FIG. 1B. It can also refer to an apparatus (such as a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.) in the RAN device 102 or the UE 101. Figure 6 The Internet of Things device in FIG. 1 can be Figure 1 the Internet of Things device 103 shown in FIG. 1C. It can also refer to an apparatus (such as a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.) in the Internet of Things device 103. As shown in FIG. 1C, the Internet of Things device 103 can include a processor 1031, a memory 1032, a transceiver 1033, and an antenna 1034. Figure 6 The communication method 600 shown in FIG. 6 includes S101-S105.

[0075] S101, the AIoT reader periodically broadcasts system parameters.

[0076] The AIoT reader periodically broadcasts system parameters in the synchronization message of the public resource downlink control channel (PRDCH). The system parameters include at least one of the following: SFS anchor group configuration, mapping rule between device identifier and SFS anchor group, preamble configuration.

[0077] The AIoT reader divides all Internet of Things devices into N SFS anchor groups according to the mapping rule between device identifier and SFS anchor group. According to spectrum availability and deployment density, the uplink spectrum is divided into N independent frequency bands, and each SFS anchor group corresponds to one of the frequency bands, that is, Internet of Things devices belonging to the same SFS anchor group perform uplink transmission in the same frequency band. N is an integer greater than or equal to 1. The center frequency of each frequency band is called SFS anchor frequency.

[0078] By dividing all Internet of Things devices into N SFS anchor groups and dividing the uplink spectrum into N independent frequency bands, each SFS anchor group is assigned a frequency band, and the Internet of Things devices are mapped to the frequency band of one of the SFS anchor groups according to the device identifier of the Internet of Things device, which is equivalent to evenly distributing all Internet of Things devices to the uplink spectrum, avoiding concentration to a certain SFS anchor frequency, causing congestion.

[0079] The SFS anchor group configuration includes the number N of SFS anchor groups, and the SFS anchor frequency list. The SFS anchor frequency list includes a list of center frequencies (i.e. SFS anchor frequencies) of N SFS anchor groups. The SFS anchor frequencies in the SFS anchor frequency list can be arranged in the order of the indexes 0 to N-1 of the SFS anchor groups. The SFS anchor frequency can be represented as an absolute frequency value (e.g. kHz), a channel number or an offset relative to a certain reference frequency.

[0080] The target frequency configured by the AIoT reader for the Internet of Things device, if within the frequency band of the SFS anchor group where the Internet of Things device is located, the Internet of Things device only needs SFS adjustment. If it is outside the frequency band of the SFS anchor group where the Internet of Things device is located, the Internet of Things device needs LO adjustment.

[0081] The purpose of the SFS anchor grouping mechanism is to solve the problem of how to maximize the use of low-power and low-delay SFS mechanism while effectively managing the spectrum resource allocation problem caused by a large number of devices in the Internet of Things communication scenario of AIoT active devices, and limit the high-cost LO adjustment as a secondary congestion management means.

[0082] The AIoT reader can divide the frequency band of each SFS anchor group into two frequency bands of different priorities and access strategies, namely a regular resource area (referred to as a first resource area) and a high-priority reserved area (referred to as a second resource area).

[0083] The regular resource area occupies a large part of the frequency band of the SFS anchor group, for example, a center frequency band. The regular resource area is used as a main public resource pool for random access and data transmission of all Internet of Things devices in the SFS anchor group in a default, non-congestion state. When initiating regular business, especially periodic data autonomous reporting (DO-A) business, the Internet of Things device defaults to the regular resource area to apply for and use SFS resources through a competition mechanism (for example, a random access based on backoff).

[0084] The high-priority reserved area occupies a small part of the frequency band of the SFS anchor group, for example, an edge frequency band. The high-priority reserved area is a reserved frequency band that does not participate in the regular competition of the Internet of Things devices in the SFS anchor group in the default, non-congestion state. Only when the AIoT reader detects that the regular resource area is congested and receives a preamble from the first preamble set, the device is directly assigned by the scheduler for use. It guarantees that event-triggered (or time-sensitive) DO-A business still has a low-delay access in an emergency channel in an extreme case (i.e., when the regular resource area is congested).

[0085] All Internet of Things devices use the same mapping rule between the device identifier and the SFS anchor group. For example, the mapping rule can be a modulo operation hash algorithm, that is, the device identifier of the Internet of Things device is taken modulo the number N of SFS anchor groups to obtain the index n of the SFS anchor group, 0≤n<N. The mapping rule can also be specified by the protocol and does not have to be sent in the system parameters.

[0086] The preamble configuration includes a first preamble set and a second preamble set. The first preamble set is used for random access (or scheduling request) of the Internet of Things device when performing event-triggered (or time-sensitive) DO-A business. The second preamble set is used for random access of the Internet of Things device when performing periodic (or non-time-sensitive) DO-A business.

[0087] S102, the first Internet of Things device locks on the SFS anchor frequency of the SFS anchor group n according to the device identifier, the SFS anchor group configuration, and the mapping rule between the device identifier and the SFS anchor group.

[0088] When the first IoT device is powered on or accesses the network for the first time, it enters the initial configuration mode. The first IoT device first searches and monitors the PRDCH until it successfully receives the system parameters broadcasted by the AIoT reader. The first IoT device loads the globally unique device identification (Device_ID) from the non-volatile memory, and performs an operation on the device identification according to the mapping rule between the device identification and the SFS anchor group (for example, taking the device identification modulo N) to obtain the index n of the SFS anchor group. The first IoT device looks up the SFS anchor frequency of the SFS anchor group n from the SFS anchor frequency list according to the index n. Then the first IoT device physically locks the local oscillator of the radio frequency front end at the SFS anchor frequency.

[0089] After completing the frequency locking, the first IoT device closes the high-power wideband tuning circuit and only opens the baseband digital filter covering the frequency band of the SFS anchor group to perform the subsequent device-to-reader (D2R) communication transmission process with the lowest power consumption.

[0090] S103, the first IoT device selects a preamble in the first preamble set or the second preamble set according to the type of DO-A service and the preamble configuration to perform random access (or scheduling request).

[0091] When the first IoT device has data to send, if the data of the transmission event triggered (or time-sensitive) DO-A service, the first IoT device selects a preamble in the first preamble set to perform random access. If the data of the periodic (or non-time-sensitive) DO-A service is sent, the first IoT device selects a preamble in the second preamble set to perform random access. That is, the preamble is sent on the corresponding uplink resource, thereby initiating the scheduling request.

[0092] The IoT device performs random access through the preambles in different preamble sets to indicate that the type of DO-A service is time-sensitive DO-A service or non-time-sensitive DO-A service, helping the AIoT reader to determine the frequency adjustment parameter in combination with the network congestion situation.

[0093] S104, the AIoT reader sends the first frequency adjustment parameter to the first IoT device according to the received preamble and the network congestion situation.

[0094] The frequency adjustment parameter (the first frequency adjustment parameter and the second frequency adjustment parameter) can be carried in the reader-to-device (R2D) message. The frequency adjustment parameter includes at least one of the following: LO adjustment indication information, target frequency, CFO calibration signal, and residence duration.

[0095] The LO adjustment indication information is used to indicate whether the IoT device starts the LO adjustment. For example, the LO adjustment indication information occupies 1 bit, and the LO adjustment indication information is a first value (e.g., 0), indicating that the IoT device does not start the LO adjustment, and the LO adjustment indication information is a second value (e.g., 1), indicating that the IoT device starts the LO adjustment.

[0096] The target frequency is used to indicate the frequency of the SFS resource allocated to the IoT device. The target frequency can be a frequency within the frequency band of the SFS anchor group where the IoT device is located (in which case the IoT device needs SFS adjustment), or a frequency outside the frequency band of the SFS anchor group where the IoT device is located (in which case the IoT device needs LO adjustment).

[0097] The CFO calibration signal is a reference signal used to measure and correct CFO. The CFO calibration signal can be located at the end of the R2D message.

[0098] The residence duration is used to indicate the length of time that the IoT device remains in the monitoring state on the target frequency after completing the LO adjustment and sending data. For example, the residence duration can be 1000 ms.

[0099] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1 1, S104 includes S1041-S1046: Figure 7 S1041, the AIoT reader determines the DO-A service type of the first IoT device according to the received preamble. If the received preamble belongs to the first preamble set, it indicates that the DO-A service type of the first IoT device is event-triggered (or time-sensitive) DO-A service. If the received preamble belongs to the second preamble set, it indicates that the DO-A service type of the first IoT device is periodic (or non-time-sensitive) DO-A service.

[0100] S1042, the AIoT reader determines the SFS anchor group n to which the first IoT device belongs according to the device identifier of the first IoT device or the frequency band to which the uplink frequency belongs.

[0101] The AIoT reader determines the SFS anchor group to which the first IoT device belongs according to the device identifier of the first IoT device. For example, the AIoT reader can perform an operation (e.g., modulo N) on the device identifier of the first IoT device according to a mapping rule between the device identifier and the SFS anchor group, to obtain the index n of the SFS anchor group to which the first IoT device belongs.

[0102]

[0103] ​Alternatively, the AIoT reader can determine the SFS anchor group to which the first IoT device belongs according to a frequency band to which the uplink frequency of the first IoT device belongs. For example, if the uplink frequency of the first IoT device belongs to the frequency band of the SFS anchor group n, the first IoT device belongs to the SFS anchor group n.

[0104] S1043, the AIoT reader determines whether the regular resource area of the SFS anchor group n is congested.

[0105] The AIoT reader can determine whether the regular resource area of the SFS anchor group n is congested according to the number of IoT devices accessing the regular resource area of the SFS anchor group n. For example, if the number of IoT devices accessing the regular resource area of the SFS anchor group n is greater than a number threshold, the regular resource area of the SFS anchor group n is congested, otherwise, the regular resource area of the SFS anchor group n is not congested.

[0106] S1044, if the regular resource area of the SFS anchor group n is not congested, the AIoT reader allocates an idle SFS resource in the regular resource area of the SFS anchor group n to the first IoT device as a target frequency, and sends a first frequency adjustment parameter to the first IoT device.

[0107] The first frequency adjustment parameter is used to instruct the first IoT device to perform SFS adjustment. The LO adjustment indication information in the first frequency adjustment parameter instructs the IoT device not to start LO adjustment. The target frequency in the first frequency adjustment parameter is a frequency within the frequency band of the SFS anchor group to which the IoT device belongs (at this time, the IoT device needs SFS adjustment). The first frequency adjustment parameter can not include a CFO calibration signal and a residence duration.

[0108] This way allows the first IoT device to complete transmission only through baseband digital frequency shift without triggering LO adjustment, thereby maximizing the energy efficiency of the system and maintaining low-power operation of the first IoT device by default.

[0109] S1045, if the regular resource area of the SFS anchor group n is congested, and the DO-A service type of the first IoT device is event-triggered (or time-sensitive) DO-A service, the AIoT reader allocates an idle SFS resource in the high-priority reserved area of the SFS anchor group n to the first IoT device as a target frequency, and sends a first frequency adjustment parameter to the first IoT device.

[0110] This way ensures that even when the network is congested, the first IoT device does not need to cause communication delay through LO adjustment, and can guarantee the transmission of time-sensitive services through SFS adjustment.

[0111] S1046, if the regular resource area of the SFS anchor group n is congested, and the DO-A service type of the first IoT device is periodic (or non-time sensitive) DO-A service, the AIoT reader selects at least one second IoT device also belonging to the SFS anchor group n from the oldest aging state list, sends a second frequency adjustment parameter to the second IoT device, instructs the second IoT device to temporarily migrate out of the SFS anchor group n and perform LO adjustment. And the SFS resource released by the second IoT device is redistributed to the first IoT device as the target frequency, and the first frequency adjustment parameter is sent to the first IoT device.

[0112] The second frequency adjustment parameter is used to instruct the second IoT device to perform LO adjustment. The LO adjustment indication information in the second frequency adjustment parameter instructs the IoT device to start LO adjustment. The target frequency in the second frequency adjustment parameter is the frequency outside the frequency band of the SFS anchor group where the IoT device is located (at this time the IoT device needs to perform LO adjustment). The second frequency adjustment parameter can include a CFO calibration signal and a residence time.

[0113] This way finds IoT devices belonging to the same SFS anchor group from the oldest aging state list, and forces the IoT device to perform LO adjustment according to the CFO calibration signal, and vacates SFS resources for newly accessed IoT devices. This design ingeniously converts the signaling overhead inherent in LO adjustment itself into the benefits of automatic aging state update, effectively solving the problems of resource waste caused by broadcasting CFO calibration signals throughout the network and lack of basis for on-demand sending in the prior art.

[0114] The hierarchical management of the aging state list involved in the embodiments of the present application is designed to solve the problem that in a super large-scale IoT scenario, if the network side maintains an independent timer for each IoT device, it will bring huge memory overhead, processing delay and complexity.

[0115] The AIoT reader maintains multiple aging state lists, and each aging state list includes the device identifiers of multiple IoT devices with the same aging state. The aging state of the IoT device is used to indicate how long the AIoT reader has not received information of the IoT device, for example, the older or longer the aging state, the longer the AIoT reader has not received information of the IoT device, and the newer the aging state, the shorter the AIoT reader has not received information of the IoT device. Thus, unified aging state maintenance of all network IoT devices is achieved.

[0116] When the AIoT reader receives the information of the IoT device, the device identifier of the IoT device is removed from the current aging state list and added to the aging state newest aging state list. In addition, every preset time (for example, 5 seconds), the AIoT reader removes the device identifier of the IoT device in the oldest aging state list, and moves the device identifier of the IoT device in the aging state updated aging state list to the aging state older aging state list, thereby realizing batch maintenance of the aging state of the IoT device in the whole network, reducing memory overhead, processing delay and complexity.

[0117] For example, assuming that there are four aging state lists, namely list 1, list 2, list 3 and list 4, the aging states of list 1, list 2, list 3 and list 4 are successively older (that is, the time of receiving the information of the IoT device in the list is successively longer). As shown in Table 1, when the information of the IoT device A is received, the AIoT reader adds the device identifier of the IoT device A to the list 1 with the newest aging state. In addition, as shown in Table 2, every preset time (for example, 5 seconds), the AIoT reader removes the device identifier of the IoT device in the oldest list 4, moves the device identifier of the IoT device in the aging state updated list 3 to the list 4 with the older aging state, moves the device identifier of the IoT device in the aging state updated list 2 to the list 3 with the older aging state, moves the device identifier of the IoT device in the aging state updated list 1 to the list 2 with the older aging state, and the device identifier of the IoT device in the list 1 is empty.

[0118] Table 1

[0119] Table 2

[0120] When the IoT device performs normal business interaction (for example, sends D2R data or responds to R2D command), the refresh of the aging state list is triggered implicitly. The IoT device does not need to send an additional keep-alive command, and the successful D2R communication itself acts as a heartbeat, so that the IoT device is in the aging state newest aging state list.

[0121] If the IoT device is in a silent state for a long time (for example, in a sleep mode for a long period), due to the lack of D2R communication, the device identifier of the IoT device will be downgraded in the aging state list over time, and finally fall into the oldest aging state list. At this time, the IoT device is considered to have a high CFO drift risk. When the network is congested with SFS resources, the AIoT reader will preferentially select the IoT device in the oldest aging state list for LO adjustment. The device identifier of the IoT device will be re-joined in the aging state list with the newest aging state. After the closed-loop repair of the aging state is completed, the IoT device returns to the low-power SFS monitoring mode.

[0122] The AIoT reader sends a local oscillator calibration command to the IoT device. The IoT device forcibly calibrates the local oscillator according to the instant CFO signal in the local oscillator calibration command and sends information to the AIoT reader.

[0123] S105, after receiving the first frequency adjustment parameter, the first IoT device adjusts the uplink frequency according to the first frequency adjustment parameter.

[0124] Although the target frequency in the first frequency adjustment parameter may deviate from the center frequency (i.e., the SFS anchor frequency) of the SFS anchor group (SFS anchor group n) where the first IoT device is located, it is still within the frequency band of the current SFS anchor group where the first IoT device is located. The first IoT device can reach the target frequency through SFS adjustment at any time, and can send data without LO adjustment, i.e., keeping the frequency of the local oscillator unchanged and not performing any hardware retuning operation. The stable time of LO adjustment is avoided, and extremely low-delay transmission is achieved.

[0125] Optionally, after receiving the second frequency adjustment parameter, the second IoT device adjusts the uplink frequency according to the second frequency adjustment parameter.

[0126] The target frequency in the second frequency adjustment parameter is outside the frequency band of the SFS anchor group (SFS anchor group n) where the second IoT device is located. The second IoT device needs to perform strict timing operations to complete LO adjustment. Although LO adjustment introduces additional power consumption and delay, it effectively eliminates the long-term accumulated frequency drift of the IoT device, ensuring connection reliability during inter-frequency transmission.

[0127] The second IoT device does not immediately jump to the target frequency, but locks the CFO calibration signal, measures the frequency offset error of the local oscillator relative to the network according to the CFO calibration signal. The second IoT device calculates the compensation parameter according to the frequency offset error, activates the high-power LO circuit, and tunes to the target frequency. After the hardware adjustment is stable, the second IoT device sends data at the target frequency.

[0128] The second Internet of Things device does not return to the original frequency immediately after sending data on the target frequency, but stays on the target frequency for standby monitoring according to the residence duration, so as to cope with subsequent burst data transmission or retransmission, avoid frequent frequency switching, and increase transmission delay. When the residence duration is reached, the second Internet of Things device reverts the frequency of the local oscillator from the target frequency to the frequency before switching. The AIoT reader can know that the second Internet of Things device has reverted to the frequency before switching without additional communication between the second Internet of Things device and the AIoT reader.

[0129] In addition, since the local oscillator may still drift again during inter-frequency camping, after the second Internet of Things device reverts to the frequency before switching, the second Internet of Things device does not initiate data transmission immediately, but monitors the synchronization message of the periodically broadcast PRDCH on the frequency before switching. The second Internet of Things device completes passive CFO calibration of the local oscillator according to the clock acquisition part (CAP) or preamble in the synchronization message of the PRDCH. After completing the CFO calibration, the second Internet of Things device resumes the SFS ready state and waits for the next scheduling.

[0130] The communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application divides all Internet of Things devices into N SFS anchor point groups according to the mapping rule between the device identifier and the SFS anchor point group of the AIoT reader, divides the uplink spectrum into N independent frequency bands, allocates a frequency band to each SFS anchor point group, and takes the center frequency of each frequency band as the SFS anchor frequency. When initially accessing, the Internet of Things device can autonomously calculate and lock the SFS anchor frequency of the SFS anchor point group to which it belongs, and can always perform SFS adjustment in the frequency band of the SFS anchor point group. The adjustment time is very short, and the communication delay is very small. Moreover, the preamble sent by the Internet of Things device can indicate whether the type of DO-A service is time-sensitive DO-A service or non-time-sensitive DO-A service. The AIoT reader configures frequency adjustment parameters for the Internet of Things device in combination with the type of DO-A service and network congestion, so as to avoid network congestion.

[0131] The communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application has the following innovative points and significant progress compared with the prior art: 1. The application embodiment innovatively proposes a resource management architecture based on frequency domain grouping. Specifically, the AIoT reader divides all Internet of Things devices into N SFS anchor groups according to the mapping rules between device identifiers and SFS anchor groups, divides the uplink spectrum into N independent frequency bands, allocates a frequency band to each SFS anchor group, and uses the center frequency of each frequency band as the SFS anchor frequency. Moreover, the Internet of Things device can autonomously calculate and lock the SFS anchor frequency of the SFS anchor group to which it belongs when it initially accesses randomly, and can perform SFS adjustment within the frequency band of the SFS anchor group. The SFS adjustment is used as the default low-power consumption mode, thereby maximizing the system-level energy efficiency as a whole.

[0132] 2. The application embodiment innovatively proposes a SFS redirection mechanism based on DO-A service type. The AIoT reader further divides the frequency band of each SFS anchor group into a regular resource area and a high-priority reserved area. For this scheme, a low-delay guarantee channel is constructed at the physical layer. When an Internet of Things device performing event-triggered (or time-sensitive) DO-A service performs random access, if the regular resource area of the SFS anchor group to which the Internet of Things device belongs is congested, the Internet of Things device is avoided from being allocated to the frequency band of another SFS anchor group, thereby avoiding the need for time to reach the hardware stable LO adjustment. The Internet of Things device only needs to be allocated to the high-priority reserved area of the same SFS anchor group, and the Internet of Things device only needs to perform SFS adjustment to perform uplink transmission. Thus, the delay introduced by hardware switching is avoided, and the real-time performance of emergency information is guaranteed.

[0133] 3. The application embodiment innovatively integrates congestion management and aging state maintenance. The high-overhead scheme of maintaining an independent synchronization timer for each Internet of Things device is abandoned, and a low-complexity aging state list is used to maintain the aging state of the Internet of Things device, thereby reducing the risk of carrier or sampling frequency offset. When an Internet of Things device performing periodic (or non-time-sensitive) DO-A service performs random access, if the regular resource area of the SFS anchor group to which the Internet of Things device belongs is congested, the Internet of Things device belonging to the same SFS anchor group is searched from the oldest aging state list, and the Internet of Things device is forced to perform LO adjustment according to the CFO calibration signal, thereby freeing SFS resources for the newly accessed Internet of Things device. This design ingeniously converts the signaling overhead inherent in LO adjustment itself into the benefit of automatic updating of the aging state, effectively solving the problems of resource waste caused by network-wide broadcasting of the CFO calibration signal and lack of basis for on-demand sending in the prior art.

[0134] 4. For the problem of maintaining the state of the Internet of Things device after LO adjustment, the embodiment of the application innovatively proposes a residence duration and automatic rollback mechanism. After completing the LO adjustment and inter-frequency transmission, the Internet of Things device resides on the target frequency for a specific duration to cope with possible burst retransmission, and then autonomously rolls back the local oscillator to the frequency before adjustment. The innovation lies in the passive resynchronization strategy adopted after rollback: the Internet of Things device performs local calibration using the periodically broadcasted common synchronization signal on the SFS anchor frequency, and recovers to the accurate SFS synchronization state without additional interaction with the AIoT reader. While effectively ensuring the long-term accuracy of the frequency of the Internet of Things device, it significantly reduces the signaling overhead and management complexity generated by the network side to maintain a large number of Internet of Things devices.

[0135] The communication method provided by the embodiment of the application can be widely applied to complex Internet of Things scenarios involving massive device concurrent reporting, mixed quality of service (QoS) guarantee, and long-term maintenance-free deployment. For example, the method is applicable to key infrastructure monitoring of urban gas pipe networks and water supply pipe networks, precise manufacturing monitoring of large industrial parks, and wide-area forest fire prevention and early warning. With the large-scale deployment of A-IoT devices (such as Device 2b / C) in these outdoor dense scenarios, the network side not only needs to handle massive state data, but also needs to dynamically balance the low-delay demand of burst emergency services and the synchronization maintenance demand of long-term silent devices under the condition of limited spectrum resources (especially limited SFS bandwidth).

[0136] However, the traditional FDMA scheduling mechanism faces a typical dilemma when dealing with such mixed traffic concurrent scenarios: if only relying on SFS scheduling, massive regular traffic can easily occupy limited bandwidth, resulting in transmission delay of emergency services due to resource queuing. If simple LO adjustment is used for load sharing, the hardware stabilization time will significantly increase the transmission delay of critical alarm signals. In addition, for devices in a long-term maintenance-free state, the lack of a targeted synchronization drift management mechanism will cause the carrier frequency to gradually drift, thereby causing the overall network interference level to gradually increase, affecting system capacity and reliability.

[0137] In the specific embodiment of city gas pipeline network or underground comprehensive pipe gallery monitoring, usually tens of thousands of pressure, flow and combustible gas sensors are deployed. These devices only need to send low-frequency regular status reports periodically in normal state, which belongs to periodic DO-A service; and when an emergency event such as pipeline leakage or pressure anomaly occurs, an emergency event report needs to be triggered and reported immediately, which belongs to event-triggered DO-A service. When regional pressure anomaly occurs, a large number of sensors may trigger event reporting at almost the same time, which is likely to cause instantaneous congestion of the regular resource area of the corresponding SFS anchor group. Through the communication method, the network side can accurately identify such sudden abnormal traffic. In terms of scheduling strategy, the system will actively avoid generating any command that needs to trigger LO adjustment, and instead directly activate the preset high-priority reserved area within the same SFS anchor group, so as to ensure that the alarm signal can be transmitted through a pure SFS path without hardware switching, achieving almost zero-waiting emergency information delivery in the physical layer, and greatly guaranteeing the real-time performance of disaster warning.

[0138] As for the daily operation of non-time sensitive periodic status report service, if the transmission process encounters network congestion, the aging state list used in the communication method can accurately identify those devices with the highest risk of carrier frequency drift due to long-term non-communication. The system will preferentially select such devices from the oldest aging state list, perform LO enablement and migration operation across the SFS anchor group, and complete the frequency calibration of the local oscillator of the Internet of Things device using the CFO calibration signal in the command. This strategy not only solves the current SFS resource congestion by migrating part of the devices, but also completes the synchronization state refresh of the Internet of Things devices with the longest aging state in the network through this transmission opportunity, realizing low-cost self-healing and synchronization maintenance of large-scale Internet of Things without additional signaling overhead.

[0139] Figure 8 A structural schematic diagram of a communication device is provided for the embodiments of the present application. The communication device 800 can include a communication module 810. The communication module 810 can implement a corresponding communication function, which can be an internal communication function of the communication device 800, or a communication function of the communication device 800 and other devices. Optionally, the communication module 810 can also be referred to as a communication interface or a transceiver module. Optionally, the communication device 800 further includes a processing module 820. The processing module 820 can implement a corresponding processing function.

[0140] Optionally, the communication device 800 further includes a storage module 830, which can be used to store instructions and / or data; the processing module 820 can read the instructions and / or data in the storage module 830, so that the communication device 800 implements the foregoing method embodiments.

[0141] In a possible design, the communication apparatus 800 can correspond to an AIoT reader in the above method embodiments, or a component (such as a circuit, a chip, or a chip system, etc.) configured in the AIoT reader. The communication apparatus 800 can be used to perform steps or procedures performed by the AIoT reader in any of the above method embodiments.

[0142] For example, the communication module 810 is configured to receive system parameters, the system parameters including at least one of the following: a small frequency offset SFS anchor group configuration, a mapping rule between a device identifier and an SFS anchor group, and a preamble configuration; the SFS anchor group configuration including a number N of SFS anchor groups; and the preamble configuration including a first preamble set and a second preamble set, the first preamble set being used for random access by the AIoT device when performing a time-sensitive data autonomous reporting DO-A service, and the second preamble set being used for random access by the AIoT device when performing a non-time-sensitive DO-A service. The processing module 820 is configured to lock on an SFS anchor frequency of an SFS anchor group n according to the device identifier, the SFS anchor group configuration, and the mapping rule, where 0≤n<N; and select a preamble in the first preamble set or the second preamble set according to a type of the DO-A service and the preamble configuration, for random access. The communication module 810 is configured to receive a first frequency adjustment parameter, and adjust an uplink frequency according to the first frequency adjustment parameter, the first frequency adjustment parameter being used to indicate SFS adjustment by the first AIoT device, and the first frequency adjustment parameter being determined according to the preamble and network congestion.

[0143] In a possible implementation, the processing module 820 is configured to perform an operation on the device identifier according to the mapping rule, to obtain an index n of the SFS anchor group; and find the SFS anchor frequency of the SFS anchor group n from an SFS anchor frequency list, and lock on the SFS anchor frequency.

[0144] In a possible implementation, the processing module 820 is configured to select a preamble in the first preamble set for random access if data of a time-sensitive DO-A service is transmitted; and select a preamble in the second preamble set for random access if data of a non-time-sensitive DO-A service is transmitted.

[0145] In a possible design, the communication apparatus 800 can correspond to an AIoT reader in the above method embodiments, or a component (such as a circuit, a chip, or a chip system, etc.) configured in the AIoT reader. The communication apparatus 800 can be used to perform steps or procedures performed by the AIoT reader in any of the above method embodiments.

[0146] The communication module 810 is configured to send system parameters, the system parameters comprising at least one of the following: a small frequency offset SFS anchor group configuration, a mapping rule between a device identifier and an SFS anchor group, and a preamble configuration; the SFS anchor group configuration comprises a number N of SFS anchor groups; the preamble configuration comprises a first preamble set and a second preamble set, the first preamble set being used for random access of the IoT device when performing time-sensitive data autonomous reporting DO-A service, and the second preamble set being used for random access of the IoT device when performing non-time-sensitive DO-A service; receiving a preamble in the first preamble set or the second preamble set; and sending a first frequency adjustment parameter to the first IoT device according to the received preamble and network congestion, the first frequency adjustment parameter being used to instruct the first IoT device to perform SFS adjustment.

[0147] In a possible implementation, the communication module 810 is configured to determine a DO-A service type of the first IoT device according to the received preamble; determine an SFS anchor group n to which the first IoT device belongs according to a device identifier of the first IoT device or a frequency band to which an uplink frequency belongs; determine whether a first resource area of the SFS anchor group n is congested; if the first resource area of the SFS anchor group n is not congested, allocate an idle SFS resource in the first resource area of the SFS anchor group n to the first IoT device as a target frequency, and send the first frequency adjustment parameter to the first IoT device; if the first resource area of the SFS anchor group n is congested, and the DO-A service type of the first IoT device is time-sensitive DO-A service, allocate an idle SFS resource in a second resource area of the SFS anchor group n to the first IoT device as the target frequency, and send the first frequency adjustment parameter to the first IoT device; if the first resource area of the SFS anchor group n is congested, and the DO-A service type of the first IoT device is non-time-sensitive DO-A service, select at least one second IoT device that also belongs to the SFS anchor group n from a list of the oldest aging states, send a second frequency adjustment parameter to the second IoT device, instruct the second IoT device to temporarily migrate out of the SFS anchor group n and perform LO adjustment, and re-allocate an SFS resource released by the second IoT device to the first IoT device as the target frequency, and send the first frequency adjustment parameter to the first IoT device.

[0148] In a possible implementation, the processing module 820 is configured to, when receiving information of the first IoT device, remove the device identifier of the first IoT device from a list of the oldest aging states, and add the device identifier to a list of the newest aging states; and remove, every preset time, a device identifier of an IoT device in a list of the oldest aging states, and move a device identifier of an IoT device in a list of the newer aging states to a list of the older aging states.

[0149] Figure 9 Another structural diagram of a communication apparatus is provided for an embodiment of the present application. The communication apparatus 900 can be a chip, a chip system, or a processor, etc. implementing the above method, which can be an IoT device or an AIoT reader. The communication apparatus 900 can be used to implement the method described in the above method embodiments, which can be referred to the description in the above method embodiments.

[0150] As shown in the structural diagram of the communication apparatus 900, the communication apparatus 900 can include one or more processors 910, which can also be referred to as processing units or processing modules, and can implement certain control functions. The processor 910 can be a general-purpose processor or a special-purpose processor, for example, a baseband processor or a central processing unit. The baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data, and the central processing unit can be used to control the communication apparatus 900 (for example, a base station, a baseband chip, a user, or a user chip), execute software programs, and process data of the software programs. Figure 9 In an optional design, the processor 910 can also store instructions and / or data, which can be run by the processor 910, so that the communication apparatus 900 executes the method described in the above method embodiments.

[0151] In another optional design, the communication apparatus 900 can include a communication interface 920 for implementing receiving and sending functions. For example, the communication interface 920 can be a transceiver circuit, an interface, an interface circuit, or a transceiver, etc. The transceiver circuit, the interface, the interface circuit, or the transceiver for implementing receiving and sending functions can be separate or integrated together. The above transceiver circuit, interface, interface circuit, or transceiver can be used for reading and writing of codes / data, or the above transceiver circuit, interface, interface circuit, or transceiver can be used for transmission or transfer of signals.

[0152] Optionally, the communication apparatus 900 can include one or more memories 930, which can store instructions that can be run on the processor 910, so that the communication apparatus 900 executes the method described in the above method embodiments. Optionally, the memory 930 can also store data. Optionally, the processor 910 can also store instructions and / or data. The processor 910 and the memory 930 can be separately arranged or integrated together.

[0153]

[0154] ​It should be understood that, in a possible design, each step in the method embodiments provided in the present application can be completed by integrated logic circuits of hardware in a processor or instructions in the form of software. The steps of the method disclosed in combination with the embodiments of the present application can be directly embodied as execution completed by a hardware processor, or execution completed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor. The software modules can be located in storage media in the art, such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, register, etc. The storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory, and combines the hardware to complete the steps of the above method. To avoid repetition, it will not be described in detail here.

[0155] In an implementation, the communication apparatus 900 can correspond to the IoT device in the above method embodiments, and can be used to execute each step and / or process executed by the IoT device in the above method embodiments. The processor 910 can be used to execute the instructions stored in the memory 930, and when the processor 910 executes the instructions stored in the memory, the processor 910 is used to execute each step and / or process of the above method embodiments corresponding to the IoT device.

[0156] In another implementation, the communication apparatus 900 can correspond to the AIoT reader in the above method embodiments, and can be used to execute each step and / or process executed by the AIoT reader in the above method embodiments. The processor 910 can be used to execute the instructions stored in the memory 930, and when the processor 910 executes the instructions stored in the memory, the processor 910 is used to execute each step and / or process of the above method embodiments corresponding to the AIoT reader.

[0157] It should be understood that the above processor can be one or more chips. For example, the processor can be a field programmable gate array (FPGA), can be an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), can also be a system on chip (SoC), can also be a central processor unit (CPU), can also be a network processor (NP), can also be a digital signal processing circuit (digital signal processor, DSP), can also be a micro controller unit (MCU), can also be a programmable logic device (programmable logic device, PLD) or other integrated chip.

[0158] It can be appreciated that the memory in the embodiments of the present application can be a volatile memory or a nonvolatile memory, or can include both volatile and nonvolatile memory. Among them, the nonvolatile memory can be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically EPROM (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory can be a random access memory (RAM) used as an external cache. By way of example, and not limitation, many forms of RAM can be used, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct Rambus RAM (DR RAM). It should be noted that the memory of the system and method described herein is intended to include, but not be limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0159] According to the method provided by the embodiments of the present application, the present application further provides a processor, comprising: an input circuit, an output circuit and a processing circuit. The processing circuit is configured to receive signals through the input circuit and transmit signals through the output circuit, so that the processor executes the method of the above embodiments of the present application.

[0160] In the process of specific implementation, the processor can be one or more chips, the input circuit can be an input pin, the output circuit can be an output pin, and the processing circuit can be a transistor, a gate circuit, a flip-flop, and various logic circuits, etc. The input signals received by the input circuit can be received and input by, for example but not limited to, a receiver, the output signals output by the output circuit can be output to and transmitted by, for example but not limited to, a transmitter, and the input circuit and the output circuit can be the same circuit which is used as the input circuit and the output circuit at different times respectively. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific implementation mode of the processor and various circuits.

[0161] According to the method provided in the embodiments of the present application, the present application further provides a chip system, which comprises one or more processors, and is configured to call and run instructions stored in a memory, so that the method provided in the embodiments of the present application is executed. The chip system can be composed of a chip, or can comprise a chip and other discrete devices.

[0162] The chip system can comprise an input circuit or interface for sending information or data, and an output circuit or interface for receiving information or data.

[0163] According to the method provided in the embodiments of the present application, the present application further provides a communication system, which comprises the IoT device and the AIoT reader.

[0164] According to the method provided in the embodiments of the present application, the present application further provides a computer program product, which comprises computer program codes, and when the computer program codes are executed on a computer, the computer is caused to execute each step or process performed by the IoT device and the AIoT reader in any of the method embodiments.

[0165] According to the method provided in the embodiments of the present application, the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores program codes, and when the program codes are executed on a computer, the computer is caused to execute each step or process performed by the IoT device and the AIoT reader in any of the method embodiments.

[0166] The computer readable storage medium can be the volatile memory or the non-volatile memory, or can comprise both the volatile memory and the non-volatile memory.

[0167] In the embodiments of the present application, each term and English abbreviation is an exemplary example given for convenience of description, and should not constitute any limitation on the present application. The present application does not exclude the possibility of defining other terms capable of achieving the same or similar functions in existing or future protocols.

[0168] In the above embodiments, all or part of the embodiments can be realized by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When realized by software, all or part of the embodiments can be realized in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product comprises one or more computer instructions. When the computer instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions according to the embodiments of the present application are generated.

[0169] In several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, device and method can be implemented in other manners. For example, the division of the above-described device embodiment is only a logical function division, and there can be another division manner for actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings or direct couplings or communication connections between different units, or the among different units, can be indirect couplings or communication connections through some interfaces, devices or units, and can be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0170] It should be understood that, in various embodiments of the present application, the sequence of the processes does not mean the execution sequence, and the execution sequence of the processes should be determined according to the functions and the inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0171] In summary, the above description is only the preferred embodiment of the technical scheme of the present application, and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A communication method characterized by comprising: The method is applied to a first Internet of Things device, and the method comprises: receiving system parameters, the system parameters comprising at least one of the following: small frequency offset (SFS) anchor group configuration, mapping rules between device identifiers and SFS anchor groups, preamble configuration; the SFS anchor group configuration comprises the number N of SFS anchor groups; the preamble configuration comprises a first preamble set and a second preamble set, the first preamble set being used for random access when the Internet of Things device performs time-sensitive data autonomous reporting (DO-A) service, and the second preamble set being used for random access when the Internet of Things device performs non-time-sensitive DO-A service; locking on an SFS anchor frequency of an SFS anchor group n according to the device identifier, the SFS anchor group configuration and the mapping rules, wherein 0≤n selecting a preamble in the first preamble set or the second preamble set according to the type of the DO-A service and the preamble configuration for random access; receiving a first frequency adjustment parameter, and adjusting the uplink frequency according to the first frequency adjustment parameter, the first frequency adjustment parameter being used to indicate that the first Internet of Things device performs SFS adjustment, and the first frequency adjustment parameter being determined by the preamble and network congestion.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The SFS anchor group configuration comprises an SFS anchor frequency list; the locking on the SFS anchor frequency of the SFS anchor group n according to the device identifier, the SFS anchor group configuration and the mapping rules comprises: performing operation on the device identifier according to the mapping rules to obtain the index n of the SFS anchor group; finding the SFS anchor frequency of the SFS anchor group n from the SFS anchor frequency list and locking on the SFS anchor frequency.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The selecting the preamble in the first preamble set or the second preamble set according to the type of the DO-A service and the preamble configuration for random access comprises: if data of time-sensitive DO-A service is sent, selecting a preamble in the first preamble set for random access; if data of non-time-sensitive DO-A service is sent, selecting a preamble in the second preamble set for random access.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The first frequency adjustment parameter comprises at least one of the following: local oscillator (LO) adjustment indication information, target frequency, carrier frequency offset (CFO) calibration signal and residence duration; the LO adjustment indication information is used to indicate whether the Internet of Things device starts LO adjustment; the target frequency is used to indicate the frequency of the SFS resource allocated to the Internet of Things device; the CFO calibration signal is a reference signal used to measure and correct CFO; and the residence duration is used to indicate the length of time that the Internet of Things device remains in a monitoring state on the target frequency after completing LO adjustment and sending data.

5. A communication method characterized by comprising: The method is applied to an environmental Internet of Things (AIoT) reader, and the method comprises: The sending system parameter comprises at least one of the following: small frequency offset SFS anchor group configuration, mapping rule between device identification and SFS anchor group, preamble configuration; the SFS anchor group configuration comprises the number N of SFS anchor groups; the preamble configuration comprises a first preamble set and a second preamble set, the first preamble set is used for random access of the Internet of Things device when performing time-sensitive data autonomous reporting DO-A service, and the second preamble set is used for random access of the Internet of Things device when performing non-time-sensitive DO-A service; Receiving a preamble in the first preamble set or the second preamble set; According to the received preamble and network congestion, a first frequency adjustment parameter is sent to the first Internet of Things device, and the first frequency adjustment parameter is used to instruct the first Internet of Things device to perform SFS adjustment.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, According to the received preamble and network congestion, a first frequency adjustment parameter is sent to the first Internet of Things device, and the first frequency adjustment parameter is used to instruct the first Internet of Things device to perform SFS adjustment. According to the received preamble, the DO-A service type of the first Internet of Things device is determined; According to the device identification of the first Internet of Things device or the frequency band to which the uplink frequency belongs, the SFS anchor group n to which the first Internet of Things device belongs is determined; Whether the first resource area of the SFS anchor group n is congested is counted; If the first resource area of the SFS anchor group n is not congested, an idle SFS resource is allocated as a target frequency for the first Internet of Things device in the first resource area of the SFS anchor group n, and a first frequency adjustment parameter is sent to the first Internet of Things device; If the first resource area of the SFS anchor group n is congested, and the DO-A service type of the first Internet of Things device is time-sensitive DO-A service, an idle SFS resource is allocated as a target frequency for the first Internet of Things device in the second resource area of the SFS anchor group n, and a first frequency adjustment parameter is sent to the first Internet of Things device; If the first resource area of the SFS anchor group n is congested, and the DO-A service type of the first Internet of Things device is non-time-sensitive DO-A service, at least one second Internet of Things device also belonging to the SFS anchor group n is selected from the oldest aging state list, a second frequency adjustment parameter is sent to the second Internet of Things device, instructing the second Internet of Things device to temporarily migrate out of the SFS anchor group n and perform LO adjustment; and the SFS resource released by the second Internet of Things device is allocated as a target frequency to the first Internet of Things device, and a first frequency adjustment parameter is sent to the first Internet of Things device.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, Further comprising: When the information of the first Internet of Things device is received, the device identification of the first Internet of Things device is removed from the current aging state list and added to the aging state list of the newest aging state; Every preset time, the device identification of the Internet of Things device in the oldest aging state list is removed, and the device identification of the Internet of Things device in the aging state update aging state list is moved to the aging state older aging state list.

8. The method according to any one of claims 5-7, characterized in that, The first frequency adjustment parameter comprises at least one of the following: local oscillator (LO) adjustment indication information, a target frequency, a carrier frequency offset (CFO) calibration signal, and a residence time length. The LO adjustment indication information is used to indicate whether the IoT device starts LO adjustment; the target frequency is used to indicate the frequency of the SFS resource allocated to the IoT device; the CFO calibration signal is a reference signal used to measure and correct the CFO; and the residence time length is used to indicate the length of time for the IoT device to keep a monitoring state at the target frequency after completing LO adjustment and sending data.

9. A communications device, characterized by The communication device comprises a processor and a memory, and the memory stores instructions which, when executed by the processor, cause the communication device to perform the method of any one of claims 1-8.

10. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program or instructions, characterized in that, The computer program or instructions, when executed, cause a computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1-8.

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