Medical osteochondral acquisition system

Abstract

The invention relates to a medical osteochondral acquisition system which comprises a trephine and a positioning sleeve, and the positioning sleeve is provided with an inner cavity matched with the trephine; wherein a liquid injection pipe is arranged on the side wall of the positioning sleeve, an injection opening is formed in the position, on the outer side of the positioning sleeve, of the liquid injection pipe, the liquid injection pipe is communicated with the inner cavity through a communication opening in the side wall of the positioning sleeve, and injection flows into the inner cavity of the positioning sleeve through the injection opening. Injection liquid is injected into the positioning sleeve through the liquid injection pipe, the cooling effect can be achieved in the clinical osteochondral transplantation operation process, the activity of the obtained tissue is improved, due to the integrated design of the liquid injection pipe and the positioning sleeve, the operation complexity is not additionally increased, and practicability and convenience are both considered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of medical devices, specifically to a medical osteocartilage harvesting system. Background Technology

[0002] Osteochondrial defects are a common degenerative and traumatic disease in orthopedic clinics, with lesions concentrated in weight-bearing joints such as the knee and ankle. Currently, the mainstream clinical repair approach for osteochondral defects requires obtaining osteochondral grafts from the donor site that have "intact cartilage surfaces and precisely match the size of the defect area." The bioactivity and structural integrity of the graft directly determine the postoperative repair outcome; therefore, graft acquisition is a critical technical step for surgical success. Clinically, trephine is commonly used in osteochondral grafting surgery to obtain cylindrical tissue through rotary cutting. However, the high-speed rotation of the trephine and the friction between it and the osteochondral generate heat, leading to chondrocyte necrosis and cartilage matrix degeneration, further affecting the repair effect. To alleviate this thermal damage, "saline spray cooling" is routinely used as an auxiliary method. However, saline spraying relies on manual intervention, and the sprayed saline, lacking a restraining structure, quickly flows away along the tissue surface. Therefore, there is an urgent clinical need to find an efficient acquisition method. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This disclosure provides a medical osteocartilage harvesting system to address the problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] A medical cartilage harvesting system according to this disclosure includes: trephine; A positioning sleeve is configured to have an inner cavity for engaging with the trephine; wherein, an injection tube is provided on the side wall of the positioning sleeve, the injection tube is configured to form an injection port on the outside of the positioning sleeve, and the injection tube is configured to communicate with the inner cavity of the positioning sleeve through a communication port formed on the side wall of the positioning sleeve; the injection fluid is configured to flow into the inner cavity of the positioning sleeve through the injection port.

[0005] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the injection tube is configured to extend axially along the positioning sleeve, with one end configured to extend upward to form the injection port and the other end configured to extend downward to communicate with the communication port.

[0006] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the trephine is configured to have a clearance fit with the positioning sleeve; a window is provided on the side wall of the trephine, and the window and the communication port are configured to be intermittently connected during the rotation of the trephine relative to the positioning sleeve.

[0007] In one embodiment of this disclosure, at least two windows are provided and distributed on the sidewall of the trephine, and at least two of the windows are configured to alternately communicate with the communication port during the rotation of the trephine.

[0008] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the communication port is configured to extend along the axial direction of the positioning sleeve; the window's axial and circumferential dimensions are larger than the size of the communication port.

[0009] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the injection tube is configured to be integrally formed with the positioning sleeve.

[0010] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the outer wall of the positioning sleeve is provided with a first side wing and a second side wing; the first side wing and the second side wing are configured to be distributed on opposite sides of the positioning sleeve in the X-axis direction; the outer wall of the positioning sleeve is provided with a third side wing, which is configured to extend along the Y-axis direction perpendicular to the X-axis direction.

[0011] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the first wing and the second wing are configured to be distributed along the diameter direction of the positioning sleeve.

[0012] In one embodiment of this disclosure, a radially outwardly extending boss is provided at the bottom of the positioning sleeve, and a plurality of positioning teeth distributed along its circumference are provided on the bottom end face of the boss.

[0013] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the positioning teeth are configured to be located adjacent to the outer contour of the boss; the positioning teeth are configured to be at a distance greater than or equal to 1 mm from the inner cavity sidewall.

[0014] One beneficial effect of this disclosure is that it provides a medical osteocartilage harvesting system, including a trephine and a matching positioning sleeve. The positioning sleeve has an inner cavity that mates with the trephine. An injection tube is provided on the side wall of the positioning sleeve, forming an injection port on the outer side of the positioning sleeve. The injection tube is connected to the inner cavity of the positioning sleeve through a connecting port on the side wall of the positioning sleeve, and the injection solution flows into the inner cavity of the positioning sleeve through the injection port. The injection tube is directly connected to the inner cavity of the positioning sleeve through the connecting port, and the cooling saline can flow steadily into the inner cavity through the injection port without the need for manual spraying by an assistant. Moreover, the inner cavity structure can constrain the saline, preventing rapid loss of saline and ensuring that the saline acts continuously and evenly on the friction area between the trephine and the osteocartilage, ensuring that the cooling process is uninterrupted and without dead zones, completely solving the problems of "untimely cooling and insufficient local cooling" in the prior art. It also maximizes the protection of chondrocyte activity and matrix integrity, improves graft quality, and provides good conditions for subsequent "bone integration" and "cartilage integration" of the graft and the defect area. On the one hand, the absence of an assistant to spray saline solution simplifies the surgical procedure, reduces the workload of medical staff, and improves surgical efficiency. On the other hand, the improved quality of the transplanted material can significantly improve postoperative integration, reduce repair failures and secondary surgeries caused by insufficient graft viability, and ultimately improve the long-term success rate of osteochondral transplantation surgery. This provides a more reliable technical solution for the clinical treatment of osteochondral defects and has important clinical application significance.

[0015] Other features and advantages of this disclosure will become clear from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with their description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning sleeve at a first angle in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the medical osteocartilage harvesting system disclosed herein; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning sleeve in the second angle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning sleeve in the embodiment of this disclosure at the third angle; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the positioning sleeve in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0018] Figures 1 to 5 The one-to-one correspondence between the component names and the reference numerals in the figures is as follows: 10. Positioning sleeve; 20. Tremellar drill; 11. Injection tube; 12. Injection port; 13. Connecting port; 14. Window; 15. Boss; 16. Positioning tooth; 31. First side wing; 32. Second side wing; 33. Third side wing; 311. First mating surface; 321. Second mating surface. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present disclosure.

[0020] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit this disclosure or its application or use.

[0021] Techniques, methods, and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and equipment should be considered part of the specification.

[0022] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be discussed further in subsequent figures.

[0023] In this article, terms such as "up," "down," "front," "back," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate the relative positional relationship between related parts, rather than to define the absolute position of these related parts.

[0024] In this article, "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish one another, and not to indicate degree of importance, order, or prerequisite for each other.

[0025] In this document, terms such as “equal” and “same” are not strict mathematical and / or geometric limitations, but also include errors that are understandable to those skilled in the art and permissible in manufacturing or use.

[0026] This disclosure provides a medical osteocartilage harvesting system, including a trephine and a matching positioning sleeve. The positioning sleeve has an inner cavity that mates with the trephine. An injection tube is provided on the side wall of the positioning sleeve, forming an injection port on the outside of the positioning sleeve. The injection tube communicates with the inner cavity of the positioning sleeve through a communication port on the side wall of the positioning sleeve, and the injection fluid flows into the inner cavity of the positioning sleeve through the injection port.

[0027] The medical bone and cartilage harvesting system of this invention, through its structural design of an injection tube located on the side wall of a positioning sleeve and connected to the inner cavity, precisely solves the core pain points of existing technologies, namely "unsustainable and inefficient saline cooling." This provides key technical support for improving graft quality and surgical repair outcomes, with the following specific beneficial effects: 1. Achieve precise and continuous delivery of cooling brine, completely overcoming the limitations of manual spraying: The injection pipe is directly connected to the inner cavity of the positioning sleeve through the connecting port, allowing the cooling brine to flow steadily into the inner cavity through the injection port, eliminating the need for manual spraying by an assistant; moreover, the inner cavity structure can constrain the brine, preventing rapid loss of brine and ensuring that the brine acts continuously and evenly on the friction area between the trephine and the osteocartilage, ensuring that the cooling process is uninterrupted and without dead zones, completely solving the problems of "untimely cooling and insufficient local cooling" in existing technologies.

[0028] 2. Maximizing the protection of chondrocyte activity and matrix integrity to improve graft quality: A continuous and stable saline cooling environment effectively removes the heat generated by the trephine friction, strictly controlling the temperature of the drilling area within the tolerance range of chondrocytes, significantly reducing the number of chondrocyte necrosis, and preventing cartilage matrix denaturation and degradation due to high temperatures. Highly active chondrocytes and an intact matrix structure are the foundation for graft regeneration and structural stability, directly providing favorable conditions for subsequent "osteointegration" and "chondrointegration" between the graft and the defect area, thus improving graft quality from the source.

[0029] 3. Improves surgical efficiency and repair success rate, with significant clinical value: On the one hand, it eliminates the need for assistants to spray saline solution, simplifying the surgical procedure, reducing the workload of medical staff, and improving surgical efficiency; on the other hand, the improved quality of the transplanted material can significantly improve postoperative integration, reduce repair failure and secondary surgery due to insufficient graft viability, and ultimately improve the long-term success rate of osteochondral transplantation surgery, providing a more reliable technical solution for the clinical treatment of osteochondral defects, which has important clinical promotion significance.

[0030] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-5 Specific embodiments of this disclosure will be described.

[0031] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 This disclosure provides a medical osteocartilage harvesting system, including a trephine 20 and a positioning sleeve 10, which are dedicated positioning and guiding instruments for osteocartilage transplantation surgery. It is used to harvest grafts from the cartilage layer and subchondral bone, and the obtained osteocartilage grafts can repair full-thickness defects of articular cartilage. Figure 2As shown, the trephine 20 is a tubular instrument used in orthopedic surgery to drill for osteocartilage grafts. It obtains cylindrical tissue through rotary cutting, and its diameter is typically 8 to 26 mm, thus available in various sizes. The positioning sleeve 10 is adapted to the size of the clinically commonly used trephine 20 for precise acquisition and trimming of osteocartilage grafts in areas such as the knee and ankle joints, and has an inner cavity for mates with the trephine 20.

[0032] In a specific embodiment of this disclosure, because the existing sleeves have the same diameter at both ends, the cutting edge is easily scratched when the trephine 20 is inserted, affecting drilling accuracy, and it is impossible to quickly distinguish sleeves of different diameters, thus prolonging the operation time. Therefore, this disclosure constructs the positioning sleeve 10 as a stepped structure with a "thicker top and thinner bottom," such as... Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown in the figure, it is clear that the upper inner diameter of the positioning sleeve 10 is larger than that of the lower inner diameter. The upper inner diameter is used for the introduction of the trephine 20, while the lower inner diameter is used to cooperate with the trephine 20 for precise guidance. This design avoids contact and scraping between the cutting edge of the trephine 20 and the inner wall of the positioning sleeve 10, protecting the sharpness of the trephine 20 cutting edge to improve drilling accuracy, while also providing sufficient operating space for the introduction of the trephine 20, reducing the difficulty of insertion. Simultaneously, the outer surface of the positioning sleeve 10 is laser-engraved with specification markings (such as "Φ8mm", "Φ12mm", "Φ26mm"), allowing doctors to quickly identify the diameter of the positioning sleeve 10 without additional measurement and matching, effectively shortening surgical preparation time. This structural design not only improves the compatibility between the trephine 20 and the positioning sleeve 10 and extends the service life of the trephine 20, but also optimizes the clinical operation process and improves surgical efficiency through intuitive specification markings.

[0033] refer to Figures 1 to 5 The positioning sleeve 10 has an injection tube 11 on its side wall, forming an injection port 12 on the outside of the positioning sleeve 10. The injection tube 11 is connected to the inner cavity of the positioning sleeve 10 through a connecting port 13 on the side wall of the positioning sleeve 10, and the injection fluid flows into the inner cavity of the positioning sleeve 10 through the injection port 12. In osteochondral transplantation surgery, the heat generated by the high-speed rotation of the trephine 20 and its friction with the osteochondral cannot be dissipated in time, leading to reduced activity of graft chondrocytes and even chondrocyte necrosis and cartilage matrix degeneration. Therefore, it is necessary to alleviate this by cooling with physiological saline. Specifically, the injection tube 11 of this disclosure cooperates with the inner cavity of the positioning sleeve 10 to form a liquid storage and cooling structure. The injection port 12 is compatible with commonly used 5mL or 10mL syringes, allowing for the injection of 5-10mL of physiological saline at a time. Figure 2As shown, physiological saline is stored in the inner cavity of the injection tube 11 or the positioning sleeve 10. During drilling, it slowly seeps out through the communication port 13 on the side wall of the positioning sleeve 10, along the inner wall of the lower section of the positioning sleeve 10, continuously acting on the friction area between the trephine 20 and the osteochondral, forming a stable liquid film cooling environment. Compared with the existing technology where an assistant uses a handheld syringe to spray cooling, this structure requires no additional personnel, has a higher utilization rate of physiological saline, provides more uniform and sustained cooling, can control the temperature of the drilling area within a safe range, significantly improves the survival rate of chondrocytes, and avoids the impact of thermal damage on graft viability.

[0034] In one embodiment of this disclosure, such as Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the injection tube 11 is configured to extend axially along the positioning sleeve 10, with one end extending upward to form an injection port 12 and the other end extending downward to communicate with the connecting port 13. In a preferred embodiment of this disclosure, the inner diameter of the injection tube 11 is set to 3 mm, the outer diameter to 6 mm, and its length is adapted to the upper section length of the positioning sleeve 10; the injection port 12 fits tightly with the syringe interface to prevent leakage when injecting saline; the connecting port 13 is opened on the lower side wall of the positioning sleeve 10, near the bottom of the positioning sleeve 10, to ensure that the saline can flow directly to the drilling area. This axially extended structural design makes the force on the injection tube 11 and the positioning sleeve 10 more balanced, avoiding operational interference caused by the abrupt placement of the injection tube 11; at the same time, the saline has a shorter axial flow path and less flow resistance, which can quickly fill to the bottom of the inner cavity and play a timely cooling role; and the structure is simple and easy to process and manufacture, which meets the structural design requirements of medical devices.

[0035] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the injection tube 11 and the positioning sleeve 10 are integrally formed. Both the injection tube 11 and the positioning sleeve 10 can be made of medical-grade 316L stainless steel, manufactured through casting or machining in an integral forming process, and then electrolytically polished to ensure a smooth, burr-free inner wall. The integrally formed structure has no seams or assembly gaps, which not only improves the overall structural strength and sealing of the positioning sleeve 10, avoiding the risk of the injection tube 11 falling off or saline leakage during use, but also reduces gaps for bacterial residue and growth, facilitating postoperative high-temperature and high-pressure sterilization, and meeting the biocompatibility and sterility requirements of medical devices. At the same time, the integral forming process simplifies the production process, reduces manufacturing costs, and is conducive to clinical application.

[0036] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the trephine 20 and the positioning sleeve 10 are in clearance fit; a window 14 is provided on the side wall of the trephine 20, and the window 14 and the communication port 13 are intermittently connected during the rotation of the trephine 20 relative to the positioning sleeve 10. The clearance between the trephine 20 and the positioning sleeve 10 is controlled at 0.1-0.3 mm, which ensures that the trephine 20 can rotate smoothly while reducing the rapid loss of saline from the gap, ensuring sufficient saline storage in the inner cavity. Figure 2 As shown, the window 14 on the side wall of the trephine 20 can be a rectangular opening or other regular shapes; its position is adapted to the height of the connecting port 13. When the trephine 20 rotates, the window 14 rotates synchronously with the trephine 20, forming an intermittent conductive state with the connecting port 13: when conductive, the saline solution in the inner cavity flows into the interior of the trephine 20 through the connecting port 13 and the window 14, directly acting on the cutting edge; when not conductive, the saline solution slowly seeps out under pressure along the gap between the outer wall of the trephine 20 and the inner wall of the positioning sleeve 10, forming a continuous cooling effect. This intermittent conductive design can accurately replenish the cooling saline solution in the cutting area, while avoiding a large loss of saline solution at once, balancing the cooling efficiency and saline solution utilization rate, and does not affect the normal rotational cutting function of the trephine 20. In addition, during the operation of the trephine 20, the gap between the trephine 20 and the positioning sleeve 10 may be blocked by bone powder or bone debris, causing the liquid to be unable to flow downward. At this time, the liquid mainly flows downward through the window 14.

[0037] In one embodiment of this disclosure, at least two windows 14 are provided, distributed on the sidewall of the pendulum 20, and at least two windows 14 alternately connect with the communication port 13 during the rotation of the pendulum 20. Specifically, the number of windows 14 can be set to 2 to 4, evenly distributed along the circumference of the pendulum 20 (e.g., 2 windows 14 with an angle of 180°, 4 windows 14 with an angle of 90°). When the pendulum 20 rotates at high speed, multiple windows 14 alternately connect with the communication port 13, so that physiological saline can be continuously and evenly supplied to the cutting area, avoiding the problem of intermittent cooling caused by a single window 14. For example, when 4 windows 14 are provided, one window 14 connects with the communication port 13 every 90° of rotation of the pendulum 20, ensuring that physiological saline is replenished throughout the drilling process, further improving the continuity and stability of cooling, effectively controlling the accumulation of frictional heat, and maximizing the protection of chondrocyte activity.

[0038] In one embodiment of this disclosure, reference continues to be made to... Figure 2The connecting port 13 extends axially along the positioning sleeve 10; the window 14 is larger than the connecting port 13 in both the axial and circumferential dimensions. For example, if the axial length of the connecting port 13 is set to 5-8 mm and the circumferential width is set to 2-3 mm, then the axial length of the window 14 is 2-3 mm larger than the connecting port 13, and the circumferential width is 1-2 mm larger than the connecting port 13. This size design ensures that even with slight installation deviations or rotational offsets during the rotation of the treble drill 20, the window 14 can completely cover the connecting port 13, avoiding continuity interruptions and ensuring the reliability of the brine supply. Simultaneously, the larger window 14 increases the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the brine, reduces flow resistance, allows the brine to quickly reach the cutting area, and improves the cooling response speed, making it particularly suitable for high-speed rotating treble drill 20 drilling scenarios. Furthermore, as the treble drill continues to drill downwards, it also moves downwards relative to the positioning sleeve; choosing a larger window size at this time also ensures that the liquid flowing from the connecting port 13 can flow downwards through the window 14.

[0039] In one embodiment of this disclosure, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the outer wall of the positioning sleeve 10 is provided with a first side wing 31 and a second side wing 32; the first side wing 31 and the second side wing 32 are distributed on opposite sides of the positioning sleeve 10 in the X-axis direction; the outer wall of the positioning sleeve 10 is provided with a third side wing 33, which extends along the Y-axis direction perpendicular to the X-axis direction. Specifically, the lengths of the first side wing 31 and the second side wing 32 need to be consistent, taking into account the conventional force range of finger gripping in clinical surgery, for example, their length is set to 15 to 18 mm (e.g., 16 mm), while the third side wing 33, as the main auxiliary gripping support structure, is set to a length of 35-38 mm (e.g., 36 mm), so that the lengths of the first side wing 31 and the second side wing 32 are significantly smaller than the length of the third side wing 33. This length ratio ensures that the first side wing 31 and the second side wing 32 can fit the natural grip span of the doctor's thumb and index finger, while the longer third side wing 33 forms a stable grip structure with "three-point force" to avoid the shift of the center of gravity of operation caused by the excessive length of a single side wing. Especially when resisting the rotational reaction force of the treble drill 20 during drilling, the third side wing 33 can distribute some of the hand pressure and improve the overall grip stability.

[0040] Furthermore, to optimize grip comfort and operational fit during surgery, such as Figure 3As shown, the side of the first wing 31 facing the doctor's thumb is defined as the first mating surface 311, and the side of the second wing 32 facing the doctor's index finger is defined as the second mating surface 321. Both the first mating surface 311 and the second mating surface 321 are machined with an ergonomically designed concave structure. The radius of curvature of this concave surface matches the natural curvature of the first phalanx of an adult finger, perfectly accommodating the first phalanx of the doctor's thumb and index finger, allowing the fingers to form a "surface contact" with the mating surface rather than the traditional "line contact." This design increases the contact area between the fingers and the wing, evenly distributing the gripping pressure to the phalanx area, avoiding soreness and fatigue caused by excessive pressure on the local phalanx during prolonged surgery. On the other hand, the concave surface provides a certain "wrapping and limiting" effect on the fingers. Even if the hand experiences slight tremors or sweat secretion during surgery, the physical limiting effect of the concave surface reduces the slippage of the fingers on the wing, further improving grip stability and preventing the positioning sleeve 10 from shifting due to finger slippage, thereby reducing the risk of damage to surrounding normal cartilage tissue.

[0041] Meanwhile, the concave surfaces of the first mating surface 311 and the second mating surface 321 can be layered with fine anti-slip textures. These textures maintain the same curvature as the concave surfaces, ensuring comfortable finger contact while further increasing static friction between the fingers and the mating surfaces. This is particularly effective in surgical scenarios where saline solution may splash onto the side surfaces, preventing slippage caused by liquid. Furthermore, the edges of the concave surfaces are rounded to prevent sharp edges from scratching the surgeon's fingers, complying with medical device safety design standards. This ergonomic concave design, combined with the side length ratio, completely solves the shortcomings of existing flat-panel handheld structures, such as poor fit, slippage, and fatigue. This allows surgeons to maintain a stable grip during prolonged surgical procedures, providing operational assurance for the precision of graft retrieval.

[0042] This three-wing layout is ergonomically designed, allowing surgeons to choose between single-handed or double-handed grip depending on the surgical field of view. With one hand, the thumb and index finger press the first wing 31 and the second wing 32 respectively, while the middle finger supports the third wing 33, forming a stable triangular grip structure. With two hands, the fingers of both hands fit against the three wings, resulting in more even force application. The three wings are distributed along the X and Y axes, effectively resisting the reaction force generated by the rotation of the trephine 20, preventing slippage or displacement of the positioning sleeve 10, improving operational stability during drilling, and reducing damage to surrounding cartilage caused by shaking.

[0043] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the first side wing 31 and the second side wing 32 are distributed along the diameter of the positioning sleeve 10. The first side wing 31 and the second side wing 32 are symmetrically distributed about the axis of the positioning sleeve 10 and are located in the same diameter direction. This symmetrical arrangement ensures balanced force on both sides when the surgeon holds the sleeve, preventing the positioning sleeve 10 from tilting due to uneven force. This ensures that the lower end of the positioning sleeve 10 remains perpendicular to the osteocartilage surface, improving the verticality and dimensional accuracy of the graft. Simultaneously, the symmetrically distributed wings facilitate quick positioning of the gripper without requiring deliberate hand adjustments, reducing operational difficulty. This is particularly suitable for scenarios with limited surgical visibility, improving operational convenience and accuracy.

[0044] In one embodiment of this disclosure, reference is made to Figure 1 and Figure 4 A radially outwardly extending boss 15 is provided at the bottom of the positioning sleeve 10, and multiple positioning teeth 16 distributed along its circumference are provided on the bottom end face of the boss 15. Specifically, the radial width of the boss 15 is set to 3-5mm and the thickness is set to 2-3mm, which can increase the contact area between the bottom of the positioning sleeve 10 and the osteocartilage surface and improve the fit stability. The number of positioning teeth 16 is set to 6 to 10 (e.g., 8), which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the boss 15. The positioning teeth 16 have an arc-shaped tooth structure, and the tooth height is set to 1.5-2.5mm (e.g., 2mm). The tooth tips are sharpened to facilitate biting the subchondral bone tissue. The arc-shaped design of the positioning teeth 16 can adapt to the curvature of the osteocartilage surface, increase the biting area with the subchondral bone, improve the connection firmness between the positioning sleeve 10 and the tissue, effectively prevent the positioning sleeve 10 from shifting synchronously with the trephine 20 during drilling, solve the problem of insufficient tissue holding force of existing toothless sleeves, and ensure the accuracy of graft size.

[0045] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the positioning tooth 16 is positioned adjacent to the outer contour of the protrusion 15; the distance between the positioning tooth 16 and the inner wall of the cavity is greater than or equal to 1 mm. This distance is the safe spacing between the positioning tooth 16 and the cartilage surface, preferably set to 1 mm. Finite element analysis has verified that at this spacing, the pressure of the positioning tooth 16 on the cartilage surface is less than 0.1 MPa, far below the cartilage rupture threshold (1.2 MPa). Positioning the positioning tooth 16 adjacent to the outer contour of the protrusion 15 maximizes the range of occlusion with the subchondral bone, improving holding force; while the safe spacing of 1 mm or more ensures that the positioning tooth 16 only contacts and occludes with the subchondral bone, without touching the cartilage surface above, structurally avoiding the risk of the tooth tip puncturing the cartilage layer, and ensuring the integrity of the graft cartilage surface. This design solves the problem of cartilage surface damage caused by existing tooth structures while taking into account tissue holding force, achieving the dual effects of "stable positioning" and "cartilage protection," reducing donor waste, and improving post-transplant healing.

[0046] The front tooth structure is optimized with a 1mm safety gap to ensure tissue holding force while preventing the tooth tip from puncturing the cartilage surface. The vertical distance between the tooth tip and the lower end of the sleeve (i.e., the 20mm cutting surface of the trephine) is 1mm. During drilling, the tooth tip only bites the subchondral bone area and does not contact the cartilage surface, ensuring that the sleeve does not shift and preventing puncture of the cartilage layer.

[0047] The various embodiments of this disclosure have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, and are not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical application, or technical improvements to the embodiments in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein. The scope of this disclosure is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A medical osteocartilage harvesting system, characterized in that, include: Circular drill (20); A positioning sleeve (10) is configured to have an inner cavity for engaging with the trephine (20); wherein, an injection tube (11) is provided on the side wall of the positioning sleeve (10), the injection tube (11) is configured to form an injection port (12) on the outside of the positioning sleeve (10), the injection tube (11) is configured to communicate with the inner cavity of the positioning sleeve (10) through a communication port (13) opened on the side wall of the positioning sleeve (10); the injection fluid is configured to flow into the inner cavity of the positioning sleeve (10) through the injection port (12).

2. The acquisition system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The injection tube (11) is configured to extend axially along the positioning sleeve (10), with one end configured to extend upward to form the injection port (12) and the other end configured to extend downward to communicate with the communication port (13).

3. The acquisition system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The trephine (20) is configured to have a clearance fit with the positioning sleeve (10); a window (14) is provided on the side wall of the trephine (20), and the window (14) and the communication port (13) are configured to be intermittently connected during the rotation of the trephine (20) relative to the positioning sleeve (10).

4. The acquisition system according to claim 3, characterized in that, At least two windows (14) are provided and distributed on the side wall of the treble drill (20). At least two windows (14) are configured to alternately communicate with the communication port (13) during the rotation of the treble drill (20).

5. The acquisition system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The connection port (13) is configured to extend along the axial direction of the positioning sleeve (10); the window (14) is larger in both the axial and circumferential directions than the size of the connection port (13).

6. The acquisition system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The injection tube (11) is constructed to be integrally formed with the positioning sleeve (10).

7. The acquisition system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the positioning sleeve (10) is provided with a first side wing (31) and a second side wing (32); the first side wing (31) and the second side wing (32) are configured to be distributed on opposite sides of the positioning sleeve (10) in the X-axis direction; the outer wall of the positioning sleeve (10) is provided with a third side wing (33), and the third side wing (33) is configured to extend along the Y-axis direction perpendicular to the X-axis direction.

8. The acquisition system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first side wing (31) and the second side wing (32) are configured to be distributed in the diameter direction of the positioning sleeve (10).

9. The acquisition system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A radially outwardly extending boss (15) is provided at the bottom of the positioning sleeve (10), and a plurality of positioning teeth (16) distributed along its circumference are provided on the bottom end face of the boss (15).

10. The acquisition system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The positioning tooth (16) is configured to be located at a position adjacent to the outer contour of the boss (15); the positioning tooth (16) is configured to be at a distance greater than or equal to 1 mm from the inner cavity sidewall.

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