A conveying device and a conveying method for filling mining using coal gangue

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of filling mining using coal gangue conveying equipment and conveying method, belong to coal mine machinery equipment technical field;Conveying equipment includes conveying table, and the tail end of conveying table is respectively provided with driven roller and driving roller, and driving roller is provided with first conveying belt between driven roller, and the tail end outside of first conveying belt is provided with material distribution area, and material distribution area is provided with filling conveying belt and crushing conveying belt, and the lower end of one side of conveying table is provided with discharge track, and the end of discharge track is inclined downward and located above crushing conveying belt, and first shaft is rotatably arranged on the upper side of the middle part of first conveying belt, and screw paddle is fixedly arranged outside first shaft, and arc paddle is also rotatably arranged on the side of the middle part of conveying table close to discharge track;Material distribution assembly is arranged at the tail end of conveying table;It solves the problem that the conveying equipment for filling mining using coal gangue is insufficient in grading precision, low in efficiency, vulnerable to damage and inconvenient to clean and maintain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine machinery and equipment, specifically relating to a conveying device and method for backfilling mining using coal gangue. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of coal mining, the conveying equipment for backfilling mining using coal gangue is a comprehensive device integrating conveying, grading, and transfer functions. The corresponding conveying method is a standardized process based on this equipment to transport coal gangue from the point of generation to the backfilling operation point or reprocessing point. The core purpose of this equipment and method is to efficiently transfer the coal gangue generated during coal mining. By grading and screening the coal gangue particles by size, coal gangue that meets the backfilling requirements is transported to the goaf for backfilling operations, while coal gangue that does not meet the requirements is transported to crushing equipment for reprocessing. This process not only realizes the resource utilization of coal gangue, reduces the land occupation and environmental pollution caused by waste accumulation, but also effectively controls surface subsidence and ensures the geological safety of the mining area by using coal gangue to fill the goaf, which is of great significance to the green development of the coal mining industry.

[0003] Existing conveying equipment and methods for backfilling mining of coal gangue have significant shortcomings:

[0004] Firstly, the grading accuracy is insufficient and the efficiency is low. Existing equipment mostly uses a single screening structure (such as a fixed screen) to grade coal gangue. For irregularly shaped coal gangue (such as flat or long strips), it is easy for it to get stuck on the screen or for the grading to be inaccurate, resulting in a mixture of qualified and unqualified coal gangue, which affects the filling quality. At the same time, blockage is prone to occur during the screening process, requiring frequent shutdowns for cleaning, which reduces the overall conveying efficiency.

[0005] Secondly, the equipment is easily damaged and inconvenient to clean and maintain. On the one hand, the debris attached to the surface of the coal gangue and the fine particles generated during the conveying process will enter the conveyor table through the gaps on both sides of the conveyor belt. These debris and particles will cause continuous wear to the idlers when the idlers are running, and may even jam the idlers, affecting the normal operation of the equipment and shortening the service life of the idlers. On the other hand, coal gangue powder and impurities are easy to accumulate on the surface of the conveyor belt, which not only increases the running resistance of the conveyor belt, but also affects the stable conveying of coal gangue on the conveyor belt. Moreover, these impurities are difficult to clean and require regular shutdown for manual cleaning, which increases maintenance costs and downtime.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new conveying equipment and method for backfilling mining of coal gangue to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and proposes a conveying device and method for backfilling mining using coal gangue; it solves the problems of insufficient classification accuracy, low efficiency, easy damage and inconvenient cleaning and maintenance of the current conveying equipment for backfilling mining using coal gangue.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution.

[0009] A conveying device for backfilling mining using coal gangue includes a conveyor platform. Driven rollers and driving rollers are rotatably mounted at both ends of the conveyor platform. A first conveyor belt is positioned between the driving and driven rollers. A material distribution zone is located below and to the outside of the tail end of the first conveyor belt. A backfilling conveyor belt and a crushing conveyor belt are arranged side-by-side within the backfilling zone. A discharge track is fixedly mounted on the lower side of one side of the conveyor platform. The end of the discharge track slopes downwards and is positioned above the crushing conveyor belt. A second backfilling conveyor belt is rotatably mounted above the middle of the first conveyor belt. A rotating shaft has a spiral baffle fixedly installed on its outer side. The rotating spiral baffle concentrates large-diameter coal gangue on the first conveyor belt to the side near the discharge track. An arc-shaped baffle is also rotatably installed in the middle of the conveyor platform near the discharge track. The rotating arc-shaped baffle moves the concentrated large-diameter coal gangue into the discharge track. A material distribution component is installed at the tail end of the conveyor platform. The material distribution component distributes the coal gangue thrown out by the first conveyor belt to the filling conveyor belt or the crushing conveyor belt by applying a horizontal force to it.

[0010] Furthermore, a feeding bin is fixedly installed above the first end of the conveyor platform, and a row of idlers is rotatably installed inside the conveyor platform, with the row of idlers contacting the inner side of the upper section of the first conveyor belt.

[0011] Furthermore, the conveying directions of the filling conveyor belt and the crushing conveyor belt are perpendicular to the conveying direction of the first conveyor belt, wherein the crushing conveyor belt is located on the side closer to the first conveyor belt, and the filling conveyor belt is located on the side farther away from the first conveyor belt; a partition is provided between the filling conveyor belt and the crushing conveyor belt, and a baffle is provided on the side of the filling conveyor belt and the crushing conveyor belt that are far away from each other.

[0012] Furthermore, the material distribution assembly includes a first motor, a mounting plate, fan bodies, a protective net, a protective plate, a second rotating shaft, a driving bevel gear, and a driven bevel gear. A mounting groove is provided at the upper end of the baffle near the conveyor table, located below the tail end of the first conveyor belt. A mounting plate is fixedly installed inside the mounting groove, and a row of fan bodies is rotatably mounted on the mounting plate. Protective nets are fixedly installed on both sides of the mounting groove. A protective plate is fixedly installed inside the tail end of the conveyor table, and a second rotating shaft is rotatably mounted inside the protective plate. Multiple driving bevel gears are fixedly installed on the second rotating shaft, and a driven bevel gear is fixedly installed on each fan body. The driving and driven bevel gears correspond one-to-one and mesh with each other. A first motor is also fixedly installed inside the tail end of the conveyor table, and the output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected to the end of the second rotating shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, a cleaning assembly is also provided inside the conveyor platform. The cleaning assembly includes a third rotating shaft, a cleaning brush, and a guide post. A third rotating shaft is rotatably installed on the side of the conveyor platform away from the discharge track, and an external spline is provided on the outer wall of the third rotating shaft. A cleaning brush is sleeved on the outside of the third rotating shaft, and the cleaning brush contacts the outer side of the lower section of the first conveyor belt. An internal spline is provided on the inner wall of the cleaning brush, and the internal spline of the cleaning brush cooperates with the external spline of the third rotating shaft. A guide post is fixedly installed on the side of the conveyor platform near the discharge track, and the guide post extends into the cleaning brush. A reciprocating groove is provided on the outer wall of the guide post, and a slider is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the cleaning brush, and the slider is slidably installed inside the reciprocating groove.

[0014] Furthermore, the cleaning assembly also includes a receiving tray, a conical plate, guide blocks, and a cleaning strip; a receiving tray is provided below each idler roller; a row of discharge ports is provided on the side wall of the conveyor table near the discharge track, the discharge track is located below and outside the row of discharge ports, the receiving tray is inclined downward at one end near the discharge track and is fixedly connected to the corresponding discharge port; a conical plate is fixedly provided in the middle of the upper end of the receiving tray, and multiple guide blocks are fixedly provided at the upper end of the conical plate, and the same cleaning strip is slidably provided on the top of all guide blocks along the axis of the idler roller, the cleaning strip is in contact with the lower end of the outer wall of the corresponding idler roller.

[0015] Furthermore, the cleaning assembly also includes a connecting shaft, guide discs, and shovel blocks; each idler roller has a connecting shaft rotatably installed inside, with both ends of the connecting shaft rotatably connected to the inner walls of both sides of the conveyor table; a guide disc is fixedly installed at each end of the connecting shaft, with the two guide discs located on both sides of the idler roller; a circular guide groove is provided on the end face of the two guide discs that are close to each other, with the depth of the guide groove gradually increasing from one end to the other; a shovel block is rotatably installed at each end of each cleaning strip, with a torsion spring between the shovel block and the end of the cleaning strip, and the two shovel blocks are slidably installed inside the guide grooves of the two guide discs.

[0016] Furthermore, a drive wheel is fixedly installed on the guide plate on the side of each connecting shaft away from the discharge track, a driven wheel is fixedly installed on the end of the drive roller and the third rotating shaft away from the discharge track, and a drive wheel is fixedly installed on the end of the second rotating shaft away from the discharge track. The drive wheel, the two driven wheels and all the drive wheels are connected by the same belt.

[0017] Furthermore, a vertical second support column is fixedly installed on both sides of the middle of the conveyor table, and the two ends of the first rotating shaft are respectively rotatably inserted into the two second supports; a fourth rotating shaft is fixedly installed on the arc-shaped plate, and the fourth rotating shaft is rotatably inserted into the second support column near the discharge track. A vertical worm gear is rotatably installed inside the second support column near the discharge track. A second motor is fixedly installed at the upper end of the second support column near the discharge track, and the output shaft of the second motor is fixedly connected to the upper end of the worm gear; a first worm wheel and a second worm wheel are respectively fixedly installed at the ends of the first rotating shaft and the fourth rotating shaft that extend into the second support column near the discharge track, and both the first worm wheel and the second worm wheel mesh with the worm gear.

[0018] A method for conveying coal gangue during backfilling mining includes the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: The coal gangue is evenly fed onto the first conveyor belt from the feeding hopper. The first motor is started, and the first motor drives the drive wheel to rotate. The drive wheel drives the drive roller to rotate through the belt and the driven wheel. The drive roller drives the first conveyor belt to move, and the first conveyor belt drives the coal gangue to move towards the sorting area.

[0020] Step two: Start the second motor, which drives the worm gear to rotate. The worm gear drives the first and second worm wheels to rotate. The first worm wheel drives the first shaft to rotate. The first shaft pushes coal gangue with a particle size greater than two centimeters toward the arc-shaped baffle through the spiral baffle. The second worm wheel drives the fourth shaft to rotate. The fourth shaft drives the arc-shaped baffle to rotate. During the rotation, the arc-shaped baffle agitates the coal gangue with a particle size greater than two centimeters and causes it to fall into the discharge track. The coal gangue slides along the discharge track into the crushing conveyor belt.

[0021] Step 3: The drive wheel drives the second shaft to rotate, and the second shaft drives the fan body to rotate through the drive bevel gear and the driven bevel gear. The rotation of the fan body generates wind power. When the coal gangue is thrown outward from the tail end by the first conveyor belt, the wind power generated by the fan body pushes the coal gangue. At this time, the smaller coal gangue is more affected by the wind power and moves a longer distance, falling into the filling conveyor belt; the larger coal gangue is more affected by the wind power and moves a shorter distance, falling into the crushing conveyor belt.

[0022] Step four: The driving wheel drives the third rotating shaft to rotate via the belt and driven wheel. The third rotating shaft drives the cleaning brush to rotate via the external and internal splines. During the rotation of the cleaning brush, the slider on its inner wall slides in the reciprocating groove of the guide column. The slider drives the cleaning brush to make horizontal reciprocating motion along the axial direction of the guide column. The cleaning brush cleans the surface of the first conveyor belt. The cleaned impurities fall into the receiving tray under the idler roller, and then fall into the crushing conveyor belt through the discharge port and discharge track.

[0023] Step 5: The drive wheel rotates the guide disc on the side away from the discharge track via a belt and drive wheel. The guide disc on the side away from the discharge track rotates the guide disc on the side closer to the discharge track via a connecting shaft. During the rotation of the guide disc, the guide disc will squeeze the shovel block through the guide groove, thereby driving the cleaning strip to slide back and forth along the guide block. The top of the cleaning strip contacts the surface of the idler roller, and the cleaning strip cleans the surface of the idler roller. When coal gangue fragments enter the conveyor platform from the gaps on both sides of the first conveyor belt, the coal gangue fragments will preferentially enter the guide groove of the guide disc, rather than the gap between the idler roller and the guide disc. As the guide disc rotates, and due to the gravity of the coal gangue fragments themselves, the coal gangue fragments will slide down along the guide groove. At this time, under the action of the torsion spring, the shovel block always adheres to the inner wall of the guide groove. During the downward movement, the coal gangue fragments are scooped out of the guide groove by the shovel block and fall into the receiving tray, and then fall into the crushing conveyor belt through the discharge port and discharge track.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention compared to the prior art are as follows:

[0025] (1) Improve the accuracy and efficiency of grading and screening, and ensure the quality of filling: The present invention achieves accurate grading of coal gangue through a multi-screening structure; the spiral baffle can separate coal gangue with a particle size greater than 2 cm by utilizing the 2 cm vertical height difference between it and the first conveyor belt, thus preventing it from being mixed into qualified materials; the wind force generated by the fan in the material distribution component can guide qualified and unqualified coal gangue to the filling conveyor belt and the crushing conveyor belt respectively according to the quality difference of coal gangue; compared with the single screen screening of existing equipment, the present invention effectively solves the problem of irregularly shaped coal gangue getting stuck or inaccurate grading, reduces the mixing of qualified and unqualified coal gangue, and improves the quality of filling; at the same time, the entire screening process is carried out continuously without frequent shutdown for cleaning, which improves the overall conveying efficiency.

[0026] (2) Enhanced self-cleaning capability of equipment, reducing wear and maintenance costs: Addressing the problem of coal gangue fragments damaging idlers and accumulating impurities on the conveyor belt surface in existing equipment, the cleaning component of this invention plays a crucial role. When coal gangue particles enter the conveyor platform through the gaps on both sides of the first conveyor belt, they preferentially enter the guide chute on the side of the guide disc with a larger space, preventing them from falling between the idlers and the first conveyor belt and causing wear on the idlers. The cleaning brush, through a combination of rotation and horizontal reciprocating motion, can thoroughly clean the surface of the first conveyor belt, preventing impurities from accumulating; the cleaning strip slides back and forth under the action of the guide disc and the shovel, effectively cleaning the idler surface, and the shovel can scrape out coal gangue fragments that have entered the guide chute, preventing them from causing wear or jamming on the idlers. The receiving tray collects impurities and fragments generated during the cleaning process and guides them to the crushing conveyor belt, achieving automatic cleaning of impurities. This not only reduces equipment wear and extends the service life of idlers and conveyor belts, but also reduces the frequency of manual cleaning and maintenance costs, and reduces downtime. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the conveyor table in this invention after half-section.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the material distribution area after half-section in this invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the material distribution component;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the half-sectioned cleaning brush and the third rotating shaft;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the slider and the reciprocating slide.

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the idler roller and the receiving tray;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the cleaning strip and the guide plate;

[0036] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the guide plate is cut in half;

[0037] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the guide disc, cleaning strip, and scraper after the partial section is completed;

[0038] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the cleaning strip, the shovel block, and the torsion spring;

[0039] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the receiving tray and the discharge port;

[0040] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the second support column and the second motor, the first worm gear, the second worm gear, and the worm.

[0041] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the second motor, the first worm gear, the second worm gear, the worm, the first rotating shaft, and the arc-shaped lever.

[0042] Among them, 1 is the conveyor platform, 2 is the driving roller, 3 is the driven roller, 4 is the first conveyor belt, 5 is the baffle, 6 is the material distribution area, 7 is the filling conveyor belt, 8 is the crushing conveyor belt, 9 is the first support column, 10 is the discharge bin, 11 is the discharge port, 12 is the discharge track, 13 is the first rotating shaft, 14 is the spiral baffle, 15 is the arc baffle, 16 is the idler roller, 17 is the mounting plate, 18 is the fan body, 19 is the protective net, 20 is the protective plate, 21 is the second rotating shaft, 22 is the driving bevel gear, 23 is the driven bevel gear, 24 is the cleaning brush, and 25 is the third... 26 is a rotating shaft, 27 is an external spline, 28 is an internal spline, 29 is a guide post, 30 is a reciprocating slide, 31 is a receiving tray, 32 is a conical plate, 33 is a guide block, 34 is a cleaning strip, 35 is a guide disc, 36 is a connecting shaft, 37 is a guide slide, 38 is a shovel block, 39 is a torsion spring, 40 is a drive wheel, 41 is a driven wheel, 42 is a driving wheel, 43 is a first motor, 44 is a second support column, 45 is a first worm gear, 46 is a fourth rotating shaft, 47 is a second worm gear, 48 is a second motor, 49 is a worm, and 50 is a partition plate. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. The technical solutions of this invention are described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto.

[0044] like Figure 1As shown in Figure 14, this invention provides a conveying device for backfilling mining using coal gangue, including a conveyor platform 1. Driven rollers 3 and driving rollers 2 are rotatably mounted at both ends of the conveyor platform 1. A first conveyor belt 4 is positioned between the driving roller 2 and the driven roller 3. A material distribution zone 6 is located below the outer side of the tail end of the first conveyor belt 4. A backfilling conveyor belt 7 and a crushing conveyor belt 8 are arranged side-by-side inside the material distribution zone 6. A discharge track 12 is fixedly mounted on the lower side of one side of the conveyor platform 1. The end of the discharge track 12 is inclined downwards and located above the crushing conveyor belt 8, rotating above the middle of the first conveyor belt 4. A first rotating shaft 13 is provided, and a spiral baffle 14 is fixedly provided on the outside of the first rotating shaft 13. The rotating spiral baffle 14 concentrates the large-diameter coal gangue on the first conveyor belt 4 to the side near the discharge track 12. An arc-shaped baffle 15 is also rotatably provided in the middle of the conveyor platform 1 near the discharge track 12. The rotating arc-shaped baffle 15 moves the concentrated large-diameter coal gangue into the discharge track 12. A material distribution component is provided at the tail end of the conveyor platform 1. The material distribution component distributes the coal gangue thrown out by the first conveyor belt 4 to the filling conveyor belt 7 or the crushing conveyor belt 8 by applying a horizontal force to it.

[0045] A vertical first support column 9 is fixedly installed on both sides of the first end of the conveyor platform 1. A feeding bin 10 is fixedly installed between the two first support columns 9. The feeding bin 10 is located above the first end of the first conveyor belt 4. The feeding bin 10 feeds the coal gangue stored inside onto the first conveyor belt 4. The first conveyor belt 4 transports the coal gangue to the tail end and finally throws it out from the tail end. A row of idler rollers 16 is rotatably installed inside the conveyor platform 1. The axis of the idler rollers 16 is parallel to the axis of the driving roller 2 and the driven roller 3. The row of idler rollers 16 is located inside the first conveyor belt 4 and contacts the inner side of the upper section of the first conveyor belt 4. The row of idler rollers 16 supports the first conveyor belt 4, reduces the sagging of the conveyor belt when carrying coal gangue, and ensures that the conveyor belt can run smoothly.

[0046] The conveying directions of the filling conveyor belt 7 and the crushing conveyor belt 8 are perpendicular to the conveying direction of the first conveyor belt 4, with the crushing conveyor belt 8 located on the side closer to the first conveyor belt 4 and the filling conveyor belt 7 located on the side farther from the first conveyor belt 4. A vertical partition 50 is provided between the filling conveyor belt 7 and the crushing conveyor belt 8, and a vertical baffle 5 is provided on each side of the filling conveyor belt 7 and the crushing conveyor belt 8 that are farther from each other. The height of the partition 50 is only half that of the baffle 5, which not only does not affect the normal conveying of coal gangue, but also effectively prevents the coal gangue from bouncing between the filling conveyor belt 7 and the crushing conveyor belt 8, thus avoiding the mixing of coal gangue and other materials.

[0047] The axis of the first rotating shaft 13 is parallel to the axes of the driving roller 2 and the driven roller 3. The spiral baffle 14 pushes coal gangue with a particle size greater than two centimeters to one end of the first conveyor belt 4 near the discharge track 12.

[0048] The material distribution assembly includes a first motor 43, a mounting plate 17, a fan body 18, a protective net 19, a protective plate 20, a second rotating shaft 21, a driving bevel gear 22, and a driven bevel gear 23.

[0049] A mounting groove is provided on the upper end of the baffle 5 near the side of the conveyor table 1, located below the tail end of the first conveyor belt 4. A mounting plate 17 is fixedly installed inside the mounting groove, and a row of fan bodies 18 are rotatably mounted on the mounting plate 17. Protective nets 19 are fixedly installed on both sides of the mounting groove, with the mounting plate 17 and fan bodies 18 located between the protective nets 19 on both sides. A protective plate 20 is fixedly installed inside the tail end of the conveyor table 1, and a horizontal second rotating shaft 21 is rotatably mounted inside the protective plate 20. The axis of the second rotating shaft 21 is parallel to the axes of the driving roller 2 and the driven roller 3. Multiple driving bevel gears 22 are fixedly installed on the second rotating shaft 21, and a driven bevel gear 23 is fixedly installed on each fan body 18. The driving bevel gears 22 and driven bevel gears 23 correspond one-to-one and mesh with each other. A first motor 43 is also fixedly installed inside the tail end of the conveyor table 1, and the output shaft of the first motor 43 is fixedly connected to the end of the second rotating shaft 21.

[0050] During rotation, the fan body 18 continuously cuts through the air, generating a continuous and stable wind force. To ensure the safe operation of the fan body 18 and prevent debris such as coal gangue from entering its interior, protective nets 19 are installed on both sides of the fan body 18. The protective nets 19 are fixedly connected to the baffles 5, forming an effective protective barrier. At the same time, a protective plate 20 is fixedly installed inside the tail end of the conveyor table 1, which encloses components such as the second rotating shaft 21 and the active bevel gear 22, providing good protection and support for these components, preventing them from being damaged by external collisions, and ensuring stable transmission between the components.

[0051] The first motor 43 drives the second rotating shaft 21 to rotate, the second rotating shaft 21 drives multiple active bevel gears 22 to rotate synchronously, the multiple active bevel gears 22 drive the driven bevel gears 23 meshing with them to rotate synchronously, the multiple driven bevel gears 23 drive multiple fan bodies 18 to rotate synchronously, thereby blowing air towards one side of the material distribution area 6. When the first conveyor belt 4 is working, it throws coal gangue outward from its tail end at a certain speed. The wind force generated by the fan body 18 acts vertically on the coal gangue, applying a horizontal thrust to it. Since coal gangue of different particle sizes has different masses, its motion will differ when subjected to the same wind force. Coal gangue with smaller mass (i.e., smaller particles) is more affected by the wind force, has a greater acceleration in the horizontal direction, moves a longer distance, and eventually falls into the filling conveyor belt 7. Coal gangue with larger mass (i.e., larger particles) is less affected by the wind force, has a smaller acceleration in the horizontal direction, moves a shorter distance, and thus falls into the crushing conveyor belt 8. In this way, the material distribution component achieves accurate classification of coal gangue of different particle sizes.

[0052] A cleaning assembly is also installed inside the conveyor table 1. The cleaning assembly is used to clean the surfaces of the idler roller 16 and the first conveyor belt 4. The cleaning assembly includes a cleaning brush 24, a third rotating shaft 25, a guide column 28, a receiving tray 31, a conical plate 32, a guide block 33, a cleaning strip 34, a guide disc 35, a connecting shaft 36, a shovel block 38, a torsion spring 39, a drive wheel 40, a driven wheel 41, and a driving wheel 42.

[0053] A third rotating shaft 25 is rotatably mounted inside the conveyor table 1 on the side away from the discharge track 12. The axis of the third rotating shaft 25 is parallel to the axis of the first rotating shaft 13. An external spline 26 is provided on the outer wall of the third rotating shaft 25. A cleaning brush 24 is sleeved on the outside of the third rotating shaft 25. The cleaning brush 24 is a cylindrical structure with open ends. The cleaning brush 24 is located below the first conveyor belt 4 and contacts the outer side of the lower section of the first conveyor belt 4. An internal spline 27 is provided on the inner wall of the cleaning brush 24 near the third rotating shaft 25. The internal spline 27 of the cleaning brush 24 cooperates with the external spline 26 of the third rotating shaft 25, so that the cleaning brush 24 can slide on the outside of the third rotating shaft 25 while rotating synchronously with it. A guide post 28 is fixedly installed inside the conveyor table 1 on one side near the discharge track 12. The axis of the guide post 28 coincides with the axis of the third rotating shaft 25. The guide post 28 extends into the cleaning brush 24 through the opening on the side near the discharge track 12. A reciprocating groove 29 is provided on the outer wall of the guide post 28, and a slider 30 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the cleaning brush 24. The slider 30 is slidably disposed inside the reciprocating groove 29.

[0054] When the third rotating shaft 25 starts to rotate under the drive of the power, since the outer wall of the third rotating shaft 25 is provided with an external spline 26 and the inner wall of the cleaning brush 24 near the third rotating shaft 25 is provided with an internal spline 27, the external spline 26 and the internal spline 27 cooperate with each other and can slide relative to each other. Therefore, the rotation of the third rotating shaft 25 will drive the cleaning brush 24 to rotate through the cooperating external spline 26 and internal spline 27. Meanwhile, the slider 30, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cleaning brush 24, is embedded in the reciprocating groove 29 opened on the outer wall of the guide post 28. As the cleaning brush 24 rotates, the slider 30 slides along the trajectory of the reciprocating groove 29. Since the reciprocating groove 29 is designed with a specific reciprocating path, the sliding of the slider 30 will drive the cleaning brush 24 to make horizontal reciprocating motion along the axis of the guide post 28 while rotating. During the rotation, the bristles of the cleaning brush 24 can clean the surface of the first conveyor belt 4 in a circumferential direction, while the horizontal reciprocating motion allows the cleaning brush 24 to cover a wider area of ​​the surface of the first conveyor belt 4. This combined rotation and reciprocating motion allows the cleaning brush 24 to clean the surface of the first conveyor belt 4 in an all-round and thorough manner, completely removing coal gangue debris, mud and other impurities attached to the first conveyor belt 4, improving the cleaning effect, ensuring the surface of the first conveyor belt 4 is clean, and preventing the accumulation of impurities from affecting the normal operation of the first conveyor belt 4 and the conveying quality of coal gangue.

[0055] Each idler roller 16 is provided with a receiving tray 31 below it. A row of discharge ports 11 is provided on the side wall of the conveyor table 1 near the discharge track 12. The discharge track 12 is located below and outside the row of discharge ports 11. The number of discharge ports 11 and receiving trays 31 are equal and correspond one-to-one. The end of the receiving tray 31 near the discharge track 12 is inclined downwards and fixedly connected to the corresponding discharge port 11. A conical plate 32 is fixedly provided at the middle of the upper end of the receiving tray 31. The extending direction of the conical plate 32 is parallel to the extending direction of the receiving tray 31. The conical plate 32 is used to separate the coal gangue falling into the receiving tray 31 to both sides of the receiving tray 31. Multiple guide blocks 33 are fixedly provided at equal intervals on the upper end of the conical plate 32. A cleaning strip 34 made of the same nylon material is slidably provided on the top of all guide blocks 33 along the axis of the idler roller 16. The cleaning strip 34 contacts the lower end of the outer wall of the corresponding idler roller 16.

[0056] Each idler roller 16 has a rotatable connecting shaft 36 inside, with both ends of the connecting shaft 36 rotatably connected to the inner walls of the two sides of the conveyor table 1. A guide disc 35 is fixedly mounted at each end of the connecting shaft 36, with the two guide discs 35 located on opposite sides of the idler roller 16. The guide disc 35 is a vertically arranged circular disc structure, with its axis parallel to the axis of the connecting shaft 36. A circular guide groove 37 is provided on the end face of each guide disc 35 that is close to each other, with the depth of the guide groove 37 gradually increasing from one end to the other. A shovel block 38 is rotatably mounted at each end of each cleaning strip 34, with a torsion spring 39 between the shovel block 38 and the end of the cleaning strip 34. The two shovel blocks 38 are slidably mounted inside the guide grooves 37 of the two guide discs 35.

[0057] The guide disc 35 begins to rotate under power drive. Since the two ends of the connecting shaft 36, which is rotatably connected inside the idler roller 16, are fixedly connected to the guide disc 35, the guide disc 35 on the side of the conveyor table 1 away from the discharge track 12 drives the guide disc 35 on the side closer to the discharge track 12 to rotate synchronously via the connecting shaft 36. During rotation, the inner wall of the guide groove 37 on the side of the guide disc 35 closest to the idler roller 16 contacts the shovel blocks 38 rotatably connected to both ends of the cleaning strip 34. Because the longitudinal section of the guide groove 37 is circular, and its depth gradually increases from one end to the other, When the guide disc 35 rotates, the inner wall of the guide groove 37 will exert a thrust on the shovel block 38 along the depth direction of the guide groove 37; under the action of this thrust, the shovel block 38 will drive the cleaning strip 34 to slide back and forth along the guide block 33 at the top of the conical plate 32; the cleaning strip 34 is made of nylon material, which has a certain elasticity and wear resistance, and its top is in close contact with the surface of the idler roller 16; during the reciprocating sliding process, the cleaning strip 34 can wipe and sweep away the coal gangue debris, dust and other impurities attached to the surface of the idler roller 16, keeping the surface of the idler roller 16 clean. When coal gangue fragments enter the conveyor table 1 through the gaps on both sides of the first conveyor belt 4, since the guide disc 35 is located at both ends of the idler roller 16, these fragments will preferentially enter the guide groove 37 of the guide disc 35, rather than the gap between the idler roller 16 and the guide disc 35, thus avoiding the fragments getting stuck in the gap and affecting the operation of the equipment. As the guide disc 35 continues to rotate, the coal gangue fragments that have entered the guide groove 37 will slide down the groove under their own weight and the guidance of the inner wall of the guide groove 37. During this process, the torsion spring 39 of the shovel block 38 near the cleaning strip 34 will play a role. One end of the torsion spring 39 is fixed to the end of the cleaning strip 34, and the other end is fixed to the shovel block 38. Under the elastic force of the torsion spring 39, the shovel block 38 will always be tightly attached to the inner wall of the guide groove 37. The coal gangue fragments will not lose contact due to changes in the depth of the guide chute 37. When the coal gangue fragments slide down through the shovel block 38, the shovel block 38 will scrape the coal gangue fragments out of the guide chute 37, and the scraped coal gangue fragments will fall into the receiving pan 31 below. The receiving pan 31 is designed to be inclined, and the end near the discharge port 11 is lower. The coal gangue fragments falling into the receiving pan 31 will slide towards the discharge port 11 under the action of gravity. The conical plate 32 at the top of the receiving pan 31 will separate the sliding coal gangue fragments to both sides of the receiving pan 31, preventing the coal gangue fragments from accumulating in the middle of the receiving pan 31, and ensuring that the coal gangue fragments can slide smoothly to the discharge port 11. Finally, the coal gangue fragments enter the discharge track 12 through the discharge port 11 and slide into the crushing conveyor belt 8 along the discharge track 12, realizing the recycling and processing of coal gangue fragments.

[0058] A drive wheel 40 is fixedly mounted on the guide disc 35 on the side of each connecting shaft 36 away from the discharge track 12. A driven wheel 41 is fixedly mounted on the end of the drive roller 2 and the third rotating shaft 25 away from the discharge track 12. A drive wheel 42 is fixedly mounted on the end of the second rotating shaft 21 away from the discharge track 12. The drive wheel 42, the two driven wheels 41, and all the drive wheels 40 are connected by the same belt. The diameter of the multiple sets of drive wheels 40 gradually decreases from the middle drive wheel 40 to the drive wheels on both sides. This size design is to adapt to the transmission characteristics of the belt, allowing the belt to better fit with each drive wheel 40, reducing belt slippage, and ensuring that power can be stably transmitted to each drive wheel 40, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the guide disc 35 and the idler roller 16.

[0059] When the first motor 43 starts, its output shaft begins to rotate, driving the second shaft 21 to rotate, which in turn drives the drive wheel 42 to rotate. The drive wheel 42 is connected to the driven wheel 41 and the drive wheel 40 via a belt, and under the belt's influence, the driven wheel 41 and the drive wheel 40 also rotate. The driven wheel 41 on the drive roller 2 drives the drive roller 2 to rotate, and the rotation of the drive roller 2 drives the first conveyor belt 4 to operate, thus realizing the conveying of coal gangue. The driven wheel 41 on the third shaft 25 drives the third shaft 25 to rotate, providing power for the rotation and reciprocating motion of the cleaning brush 24, ensuring that the cleaning brush 24 can properly clean the first conveyor belt 4.

[0060] A vertical second support column 44 is fixedly installed on both sides of the middle of the conveyor table 1. The two ends of the first rotating shaft 13 are rotatably inserted into the two second support columns 44 respectively. A fourth rotating shaft 46 is fixedly installed on the arc-shaped baffle 15. The fourth rotating shaft 46 is rotatably inserted into the second support column 44 near the discharge track 12. The axis of the fourth rotating shaft 46 is parallel to the conveying direction of the first conveyor belt 4. The arc-shaped baffle 15 is located on the side of the second support column 44 near the discharge bin 10. A vertical worm gear 49 is rotatably installed inside the second support column 44 near the discharge track 12. A second motor 48 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the second support column 44 near the discharge track 12. The output shaft of the second motor 48 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the worm gear 49. A first worm wheel 45 and a second worm wheel 47 are fixedly installed at the ends of the first rotating shaft 13 and the fourth rotating shaft 46 that extend into the second support column 44 near the discharge track 12 respectively. Both the first worm wheel 45 and the second worm wheel 47 mesh with the worm gear 49.

[0061] After the second motor 48 starts, its output end drives the worm 49 to start rotating. The worm 49 meshes with the first worm wheel 45 and the second worm wheel 47 respectively. Under the rotation of the worm 49, the first worm wheel 45 and the second worm wheel 47 will rotate respectively. The first worm wheel 45 drives the first rotating shaft 13 to rotate synchronously. The spiral baffle 14 on the first rotating shaft 13 rotates with the rotation of the first rotating shaft 13. Since the vertical height difference between the first rotating shaft 13 and the first conveyor belt 4 is two centimeters, this height setting is just enough to allow the spiral baffle 14 to act on coal gangue with a particle size greater than two centimeters without affecting coal gangue with a smaller particle size. During the rotation, the spiral baffle 14 gradually pushes coal gangue with a particle size greater than two centimeters to the position of the arc baffle 15 through its spiral blades. The second worm wheel 47 is fixedly connected to one end of the fourth rotating shaft 46. The rotation of the second worm wheel 47 will drive the fourth rotating shaft 46 to rotate. The other end of 6 extends out of the second support column 44 and is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped baffle 15. Therefore, the arc-shaped baffle 15 will rotate with the rotation of the fourth rotating shaft 46. The vertical height difference between the top of the conveyor platform 1 and the first conveyor belt 4 is one centimeter. This height design allows the arc-shaped baffle 15 to smoothly contact the coal gangue on the first conveyor belt 4 when rotating. At the same time, the top of the side of the conveyor platform 1 near the arc-shaped baffle 15 is designed with rounded corners to avoid the coal gangue being obstructed by sharp edges when it is baffled. During the rotation of the arc-shaped baffle 15, when it rotates to the appropriate position, it will accurately baffle the coal gangue with a particle size greater than two centimeters that has been baffled by the spiral baffle 14, push it off the first conveyor belt 4, and let it fall into the discharge track 12. Since the discharge track 12 is designed with an inclination and the end near the crushing conveyor belt 8 is lower, the coal gangue will automatically slide along the discharge track 12 towards the crushing conveyor belt 8 under its own gravity. Two second support pillars 44 are symmetrically fixed at the middle of the top of the conveyor table 1. Their opposite sides are rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft 13, providing stable support for the first rotating shaft 13 and ensuring that the first rotating shaft 13 can rotate smoothly. The second support pillars 44 near the arc-shaped baffle 15 also provide installation and support for components such as the fourth rotating shaft 46 and the second motor 48, ensuring that these components can work together to achieve the screening and conveying of large-diameter coal gangue.

[0062] A method for conveying coal gangue during backfilling mining, comprising the following steps:

[0063] Step 1: The feeding bin 10 evenly feeds coal gangue onto the first conveyor belt 4. The first motor 43 is started, and the first motor 43 drives the drive wheel 42 to rotate. The drive wheel 42 drives the drive roller 2 to rotate through the belt and the driven wheel 41. The drive roller 2 drives the first conveyor belt 4 to move, and the first conveyor belt 4 drives the coal gangue to move towards the distribution area 6.

[0064] Step two: Start the second motor 48, which drives the worm gear 49 to rotate. The worm gear 49 drives the first worm wheel 45 and the second worm wheel 47 to rotate. The first worm wheel 45 drives the first rotating shaft 13 to rotate. The first rotating shaft 13 pushes coal gangue with a particle size greater than two centimeters toward the arc-shaped baffle 15 through the spiral baffle 14, and makes the narrow coal gangue spread flat on the first conveyor belt 4. The second worm wheel 47 drives the fourth rotating shaft 46 to rotate. The fourth rotating shaft 46 drives the arc-shaped baffle 15 to rotate. During the rotation, the arc-shaped baffle 15 agitates the coal gangue with a particle size greater than two centimeters and makes it fall into the discharge track 12. The coal gangue slides along the discharge track 12 into the crushing conveyor belt 8.

[0065] Step 3: The drive wheel 42 drives the second shaft 21 to rotate. The second shaft 21 drives the fan body 18 to rotate through the drive bevel gear 22 and the driven bevel gear 23. The rotation of the fan body 18 generates wind power. When the coal gangue is thrown outward from the tail end by the first conveyor belt 4, the wind power generated by the fan body 18 pushes the coal gangue. At this time, the coal gangue with smaller mass is more affected by the wind power and moves a longer distance. The coal gangue with smaller mass falls into the filling conveyor belt 7. The coal gangue with larger mass is more affected by the wind power and moves a shorter distance. The coal gangue with larger mass falls into the crushing conveyor belt 8.

[0066] Step four: The driving wheel 42 drives the third rotating shaft 25 to rotate via the belt and the driven wheel 41. The third rotating shaft 25 drives the cleaning brush 24 to rotate via the external spline 26 and the internal spline 27. During the rotation of the cleaning brush 24, the slider 30 on its inner wall slides in the reciprocating groove 29 of the guide post 28. The slider 30 drives the cleaning brush 24 to make horizontal reciprocating motion along the axial direction of the guide post 28. The cleaning brush 24 cleans the surface of the first conveyor belt 4. The impurities cleaned off fall into the receiving tray 31 below the idler roller 16, and then fall into the crushing conveyor belt 8 through the discharge port 11 and the discharge track 12.

[0067] Step 5: The drive wheel 42 drives the guide disc 35 on the side away from the discharge track 12 to rotate via the belt and drive wheel 40. The guide disc 35 drives the guide disc 35 on the side closer to the discharge track 12 to rotate via the connecting shaft 36. During the rotation of the guide disc 35, it will squeeze the shovel block 38 through the guide groove 37, thereby driving the cleaning strip 34 to slide back and forth along the guide block 33. The top of the cleaning strip 34 contacts the surface of the idler roller 16, and the cleaning strip 34 cleans the surface of the idler roller 16. When coal gangue fragments enter the interior of the conveyor table 1 from the gaps on both sides of the first conveyor belt 4... The coal gangue fragments will preferentially enter the guide groove 37 of the guide disc 35, rather than the gap between the idler roller 16 and the guide disc 35. As the guide disc 35 rotates, and due to the gravity of the coal gangue fragments themselves, the coal gangue fragments will slide down along the guide groove 37. At this time, under the action of the torsion spring 39, the shovel block 38 always fits against the inner wall of the guide groove 37. During the downward movement, the coal gangue fragments are scooped out of the guide groove 37 by the shovel block 38, fall into the receiving disc 31, and then fall into the crushing conveyor belt 8 through the discharge port 11 and the discharge track 12.

[0068] The working principle of this invention is as follows:

[0069] First, after the equipment is started, the first motor 43 and the second motor 48 begin to work; the feeding bin 10 evenly feeds the stored coal gangue onto the first conveyor belt 4, the output end of the first motor 43 drives the drive wheel 42 to rotate, the drive wheel 42 drives the driven wheel 41 at the end of the drive roller 2 to rotate through the belt, thereby causing the drive roller 2 to rotate, the drive roller 2 and the driven roller 3 cooperate to drive the first conveyor belt 4 to move stably along the length of the conveyor platform 1, and the coal gangue is conveyed to the distribution area 6 along the first conveyor belt 4.

[0070] During the coal gangue conveying process, the second motor 48 drives the worm gear 49 to rotate, and the worm gear 49 drives the first worm wheel 45 and the second worm wheel 47 to rotate. The first worm wheel 45 causes the first rotating shaft 13 to rotate. The spiral deflector 14 on the first rotating shaft 13, with a vertical height difference of two centimeters with the first conveyor belt 4, deflects coal gangue with a particle size greater than two centimeters toward the arc-shaped deflector 15. At the same time, the second worm wheel 47 drives the fourth rotating shaft 46 to rotate, causing the arc-shaped deflector 15 to rotate. Utilizing the one-centimeter height difference between the top of the conveyor platform 1 and the first conveyor belt 4 and the rounded corner design on the side near the arc-shaped deflector 15, the large-diameter coal gangue is pushed from the first conveyor belt 4 into the discharge track 12. The coal gangue slides into the crushing conveyor belt 8 along the inclined discharge track 12.

[0071] When the coal gangue moves to the end of the first conveyor belt 4 and is thrown into the distribution area 6, the distribution assembly starts to work. The drive wheel 42 driven by the first motor 43 rotates the second shaft 21 through the belt. The drive bevel gear 22 on the second shaft 21 drives the driven bevel gear 23 to rotate, and the driven bevel gear 23 drives the fan body 18 to rotate, generating wind power. The smaller, qualified coal gangue is more affected by the wind power and falls into the filling conveyor belt 7 to be sent to the filling area for filling operations. The larger, unqualified coal gangue is less affected by the wind power and falls into the crushing conveyor belt 8 to be sent to the crushing area for further crushing. The partition 50 between the filling conveyor belt 7 and the crushing conveyor belt 8 can prevent the coal gangue from bouncing and mixing.

[0072] When the equipment is running, the cleaning components work synchronously; the drive wheel 42 driven by the first motor 43 rotates the third shaft 25 through the belt. The third shaft 25 drives the cleaning brush 24 to rotate through the cooperation of the outer spline 26 and the inner spline 27. At the same time, the slider 30 on the inner wall of the cleaning brush 24 slides in the reciprocating groove 29 of the guide post 28, so that the cleaning brush 24 rotates and moves horizontally back and forth, thoroughly cleaning the surface of the first conveyor belt 4. Impurities fall into the receiving tray 31 below the idler roller 16.

[0073] For cleaning the idler roller 16, the first motor 43 drives the drive wheel 40 to rotate via a belt. The diameter of the drive wheel 40 in the middle gradually decreases from the drive wheel 40 on the sides, which allows the belt to better fit the transmission. The drive wheel 40 drives the guide disc 35 on the side away from the discharge track 12 to rotate. The guide disc 35 on the side away from the discharge track 12 drives the guide disc 35 on the side close to the discharge track 12 to rotate via the connecting shaft 36. When the guide discs 35 on both sides rotate synchronously, the guide chute 37 squeezes the shovel blocks 38 at both ends of the cleaning strip 34. Under the action of the torsion spring 39, the shovel blocks 38 drive the cleaning strip 34 to slide back and forth along the guide block 33, cleaning the surface of the idler roller 16. The coal gangue fragments entering the guide chute 37 slide down under the action of gravity and the rotation of the guide disc 35, and are shoveled into the receiving tray 31 by the shovel blocks 38. They are then distributed to both sides by the conical plate 32 and enter the crushing conveyor belt 8 through the discharge port 11 and the discharge track 12 along the inclined receiving tray 31.

[0074] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A conveying device for backfilling mining using coal gangue, characterized in that: The system includes a conveyor platform (1), with driven rollers (3) and driving rollers (2) rotatably mounted at both ends of the conveyor platform (1). A first conveyor belt (4) is mounted between the driving roller (2) and the driven roller (3). A material distribution area (6) is located below the outer side of the tail end of the first conveyor belt (4). A filling conveyor belt (7) and a crushing conveyor belt (8) are arranged side by side inside the material distribution area (6). A discharge track (12) is fixedly mounted at the lower end of one side of the conveyor platform (1). The end of the discharge track (12) is inclined downward and located above the crushing conveyor belt (8). A first rotating shaft (13) is rotatably mounted above the middle of the first conveyor belt (4). A spiral baffle (14) is fixedly installed on the outside of the rotating shaft (13). The rotating spiral baffle (14) concentrates the large-diameter coal gangue on the first conveyor belt (4) to the side near the discharge track (12). An arc baffle (15) is also rotatably installed on the side of the middle of the conveyor platform (1) near the discharge track (12). The rotating arc baffle (15) moves the concentrated large-diameter coal gangue to the inside of the discharge track (12). A material distribution component is installed at the tail end of the conveyor platform (1). The material distribution component distributes the coal gangue thrown out by the first conveyor belt (4) to the filling conveyor belt (7) or the crushing conveyor belt (8) by applying a horizontal force to it. A feeding bin (10) is fixedly installed above the first end of the conveyor table (1). A row of idlers (16) is rotatably installed inside the conveyor table (1). The row of idlers (16) contacts the inner side of the upper section of the first conveyor belt (4). A cleaning assembly is also provided inside the conveyor (1). The cleaning assembly includes a third rotating shaft (25), a cleaning brush (24), and a guide column (28). A third rotating shaft (25) is rotatably arranged inside the conveyor (1) on the side away from the discharge track (12). An external spline (26) is provided on the outer wall of the third rotating shaft (25). A cleaning brush (24) is sleeved on the outside of the third rotating shaft (25). The cleaning brush (24) contacts the outer side of the lower section of the first conveyor belt (4). The inner wall of the cleaning brush (24) is... An internal spline (27) is provided on the top. The internal spline (27) of the cleaning brush (24) is matched with the external spline (26) of the third rotating shaft (25). A guide post (28) is fixedly provided on the side of the conveyor table (1) near the discharge track (12). The guide post (28) extends into the cleaning brush (24). A reciprocating groove (29) is provided on the outer wall of the guide post (28). A slider (30) is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the cleaning brush (24). The slider (30) is slidably provided in the reciprocating groove (29). The cleaning assembly also includes a receiving tray (31), a conical plate (32), a guide block (33), and a cleaning strip (34); a receiving tray (31) is provided below each idler roller (16); a row of discharge ports (11) is provided on the side wall of the conveyor table (1) near the discharge track (12), the discharge track (12) is located below the outside of the row of discharge ports (11), the receiving tray (31) is inclined downward at one end near the discharge track (12) and is fixedly connected to the corresponding discharge port (11); a conical plate (32) is fixedly provided in the middle of the upper end of the receiving tray (31), a plurality of guide blocks (33) are fixedly provided on the upper end of the conical plate (32), and the same cleaning strip (34) is slidably provided on the top of all guide blocks (33) along the axis of the idler roller (16), and the cleaning strip (34) is in contact with the lower end of the outer wall of the corresponding idler roller (16); The cleaning assembly also includes a connecting shaft (36), a guide disc (35), and a shovel block (38); a connecting shaft (36) is rotatably installed inside each roller (16), and the two ends of the connecting shaft (36) are rotatably connected to the inner walls of the two sides of the conveyor table (1); a guide disc (35) is fixedly installed at both ends of the connecting shaft (36), and the two guide discs (35) are located on both sides of the roller (16); a circular guide groove (37) is provided on the side end face of the two guide discs (35) that are close to each other, and the depth of the guide groove (37) gradually increases from one end to the other end; a shovel block (38) is rotatably installed at both ends of each cleaning strip (34), and a torsion spring (39) is provided between the shovel block (38) and the end of the cleaning strip (34), and the two shovel blocks (38) are slidably installed inside the guide groove (37) of the two guide discs (35).

2. The conveying equipment for backfilling mining using coal gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying directions of the filling conveyor belt (7) and the crushing conveyor belt (8) are perpendicular to the conveying direction of the first conveyor belt (4). The crushing conveyor belt (8) is located on the side closer to the first conveyor belt (4), and the filling conveyor belt (7) is located on the side farther away from the first conveyor belt (4). A partition (50) is provided between the filling conveyor belt (7) and the crushing conveyor belt (8), and a baffle (5) is provided on the side of the filling conveyor belt (7) and the crushing conveyor belt (8) that are far away from each other.

3. The conveying equipment for backfilling mining using coal gangue according to claim 2, characterized in that: The material distribution assembly includes a first motor (43), a mounting plate (17), fan bodies (18), a protective net (19), a protective plate (20), a second rotating shaft (21), a driving bevel gear (22), and a driven bevel gear (23); a mounting groove is provided on the upper end of the baffle (5) near the conveyor table (1), and the mounting groove is located below the tail end of the first conveyor belt (4); a mounting plate (17) is fixedly installed inside the mounting groove, and a row of fan bodies (18) is rotatably installed on the mounting plate (17); a protective net (19) is fixedly installed on both sides of the mounting groove, and a row of fan bodies (18) is rotatably installed on the mounting plate (17); a protective net (19) is fixedly installed on both sides of the mounting groove, and a row of fan bodies (18) is rotatably installed on the conveyor belt (20). A protective plate (20) is fixedly installed inside the tail end of the conveying platform (1). A second rotating shaft (21) is rotatably installed inside the protective plate (20). Multiple driving bevel gears (22) are fixedly installed on the second rotating shaft (21). A driven bevel gear (23) is fixedly installed on each fan body (18). The driving bevel gears (22) and driven bevel gears (23) correspond to each other and mesh with each other. A first motor (43) is also fixedly installed inside the tail end of the conveying platform (1). The output shaft of the first motor (43) is fixedly connected to the end of the second rotating shaft (21).

4. A conveying device for backfilling mining using coal gangue according to claim 3, characterized in that: A drive wheel (40) is fixedly installed on the guide disc (35) on the side of each connecting shaft (36) away from the discharge track (12). A driven wheel (41) is fixedly installed at the end of the drive roller (2) and the third rotating shaft (25) away from the discharge track (12). A drive wheel (42) is fixedly installed at the end of the second rotating shaft (21) away from the discharge track (12). The drive wheel (42), the two driven wheels (41) and all the drive wheels (40) are connected by the same belt.

5. A conveying device for backfilling mining using coal gangue according to claim 4, characterized in that: A vertical second support column (44) is fixedly installed on both sides of the middle part of the conveyor table (1). The two ends of the first rotating shaft (13) are respectively rotatably inserted into the two second support columns (44). A fourth rotating shaft (46) is fixedly installed on the arc-shaped baffle (15). The fourth rotating shaft (46) is rotatably inserted into the second support column (44) on the side near the discharge track (12). A vertical worm gear (49) is rotatably installed inside the second support column (44) on the side near the discharge track (12). A second motor (48) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the second support column (44) on the side near the discharge track (12). The output shaft of the second motor (48) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the worm (49). The first rotating shaft (13) and the fourth rotating shaft (46) extend into the interior of the second support column (44) on the side near the discharge track (12) and are respectively fixedly installed with a first worm wheel (45) and a second worm wheel (47). The first worm wheel (45) and the second worm wheel (47) are both meshed with the worm (49).

6. A method for conveying coal gangue in backfill mining, employing the conveying equipment for coal gangue backfill mining as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: The feeding bin (10) evenly feeds the coal gangue onto the first conveyor belt (4), and starts the first motor (43). The first motor (43) drives the drive wheel (42) to rotate. The drive wheel (42) drives the drive roller (2) to rotate through the belt and the driven wheel (41). The drive roller (2) drives the first conveyor belt (4) to move. The first conveyor belt (4) drives the coal gangue to move towards the distribution area (6). Step 2: Start the second motor (48). The second motor (48) drives the worm (49) to rotate. The worm (49) drives the first worm wheel (45) and the second worm wheel (47) to rotate. The first worm wheel (45) drives the first rotating shaft (13) to rotate. The first rotating shaft (13) pushes coal gangue with a particle size greater than two centimeters to the arc-shaped baffle (15) through the spiral baffle (14). The second worm wheel (47) drives the fourth rotating shaft (46) to rotate. The fourth rotating shaft (46) drives the arc-shaped baffle (15) to rotate. During the rotation, the arc-shaped baffle (15) moves the coal gangue with a particle size greater than two centimeters and makes it fall into the discharge track (12). The coal gangue slides into the crushing conveyor belt (8) along the discharge track (12). Step 3: The drive wheel (42) drives the second shaft (21) to rotate. The second shaft (21) drives the fan body (18) to rotate through the drive bevel gear (22) and the driven bevel gear (23). The rotation of the fan body (18) generates wind power. When the coal gangue is thrown outward from the tail end by the first conveyor belt (4), the wind power generated by the fan body (18) pushes the coal gangue. At this time, the coal gangue with small mass is greatly affected by the wind power and moves a long distance, falling into the filling conveyor belt (7). The coal gangue with large mass is greatly affected by the wind power and moves a short distance, falling into the crushing conveyor belt (8). Step 4: The drive wheel (42) drives the third shaft (25) to rotate via the belt and the driven wheel (41). The third shaft (25) drives the cleaning brush (24) to rotate via the external spline (26) and the internal spline (27). During the rotation of the cleaning brush (24), the slider (30) on its inner wall slides in the reciprocating groove (29) of the guide column (28). The slider (30) drives the cleaning brush (24) to make horizontal reciprocating motion along the axial direction of the guide column (28). The cleaning brush (24) cleans the surface of the first conveyor belt (4). The impurities cleaned off fall into the receiving tray (31) below the idler roller (16), and then fall into the crushing conveyor belt (8) through the discharge port (11) and the discharge track (12). Step 5: The drive wheel (42) drives the guide disc (35) on the side away from the discharge track (12) to rotate via the belt and drive wheel (40). The guide disc (35) on the side away from the discharge track (12) drives the guide disc (35) on the side close to the discharge track (12) to rotate via the connecting shaft (36). During the rotation of the guide disc (35), it will squeeze the shovel block (38) through the guide groove (37), thereby driving the cleaning strip (34) to slide back and forth along the guide block (33). The top of the cleaning strip (34) contacts the surface of the idler roller (16), and the cleaning strip (34) cleans the surface of the idler roller (16). When coal gangue fragments enter from the gaps on both sides of the first conveyor belt (4), When entering the conveyor (1), the coal gangue fragments will preferentially enter the guide groove (37) of the guide disc (35) instead of the gap between the roller (16) and the guide disc (35). As the guide disc (35) rotates and the coal gangue fragments are subjected to their own gravity, the coal gangue fragments will slide down along the guide groove (37). At this time, under the action of the torsion spring (39), the shovel (38) is always in contact with the inner wall of the guide groove (37). During the downward movement, the coal gangue fragments are shoveled out of the guide groove (37) by the shovel (38), and the coal gangue fragments fall into the receiving plate (31), and then fall into the crushing conveyor belt (8) through the discharge port (11) and the discharge track (12).

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