Counter-force detection and jacking-free replacement method and system for existing support

Abstract

The invention discloses a counter-force detection and jacking-free replacement method and system for an existing support. The method comprises the following steps that a height-adjustable supporting device and a deformation monitoring element are arranged on the side face of the existing support according to needs; releasing the constraint of the upper plate and the beam bottom, slowly adjusting the height of the supporting device, and monitoring the height change of the support and the adjusting power of the supporting device corresponding to the height value in real time; collecting an adjusting power value when the height of the support does not change any more and / or collecting an adjusting power value when the adjusting power and time relation is in a smooth section; when the height of the support does not change any more, the support is completely unloaded, the support is taken out, a new support is installed, and replacement of the support is completed; a vertical force value is obtained by combining the mechanical relation between the vertical counter force of the supporting device and the adjusting power, and the vertical counter force value can be known to be the counter force of the support in the initial state according to the mechanical balance relation of the supporting point; and the power of the supporting device is gradually unloaded until the power is completely unloaded, and the supporting device is taken out. According to the invention, the counter-force monitoring of the existing support can be realized, and the rapid replacement of the existing support can also be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge and building technology, specifically to a method and system for detecting and replacing existing bearing reactions without jacking. Background Technology

[0002] Bearings are supporting and force-transmitting components that bear the load between the superstructure and the substructure. They are widely used in engineering fields such as bridges and buildings. However, existing bearings in bridges and buildings are very difficult to replace due to their low height and limited installation space. Conventional replacement methods require setting up a large number of jacks around the bearing and relying on synchronous jacking technology to lift the superstructure before removing and replacing the bearing. Existing bearings also do not have reaction force monitoring functions, so their actual load-bearing state is unknown and stress data cannot be collected, making it impossible to analyze and judge the stress on the beam. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and system for detecting and replacing existing bearings without jacking, which can both monitor the reaction force of existing bearings and enable the rapid replacement of existing bearings.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following solution: A method for detecting and replacing existing bearing reactions without jacking includes the following steps: S1: Arrange height-adjustable support devices on the side of the existing support as needed, debug the power control system, and install deformation monitoring elements between the upper and lower plates of the existing support. S2: Release the constraints between the upper plate and the bottom of the beam, slowly adjust the height of the support device, and monitor the height change of the support and the adjustment power of the support device corresponding to the height value in real time. S3: Collect the adjustment power value when the support height no longer changes and / or collect the adjustment power value when the relationship between adjustment power and time is in a flat segment; when the support height no longer changes, the support has been completely unloaded, the support is removed, a new support is installed, and the support replacement is completed; S4: By combining the adjustment power value collected by S3 with the mechanical relationship between the vertical reaction force of the support device and the adjustment power, the vertical force value is obtained. From the mechanical equilibrium relationship of the fulcrum, it can be known that the vertical reaction force value is the reaction force of the support in the initial state. S5: Gradually remove the power from the support device, lower the height of the support device until it is completely unloaded, and the entire load is borne by the support. Remove the support device.

[0005] In this scheme, the support device is first installed on the side of the existing support. The height of the support device is adjustable. When the height is adjusted, the support device will interact with the existing support. The support device needs to apply a certain amount of power during the adjustment process. By monitoring the change of the support height and the corresponding adjustment power of the support device in real time, the change of adjustment power when the stress state of the support changes can be captured.

[0006] When the support height no longer changes, it means that the support is no longer subjected to the load of the superstructure. Similarly, when the relationship between adjustment power and time is in a flat phase, it also indicates that the force transmission between the support device and the support tends to be stable, and the load on the support is completely transferred to the support device. The adjustment power values ​​collected in these two cases can accurately reflect the vertical reaction force borne by the support device.

[0007] Based on the collected adjustment power values, and considering the mechanical relationship between the vertical reaction force of the support device and the adjustment power, the adjustment power values ​​can be mathematically calculated to convert them into the vertical force value borne by the support device. Since the vertical force borne by the support device at this time is equal to the bearing capacity of the support when it is under load (according to the principle of force balance), this vertical force value is the bearing capacity of the support in the current state.

[0008] The ability to accurately measure the load-bearing capacity of existing supports under current conditions is crucial for assessing their performance and safety. By understanding the actual force borne by the supports, it is possible to determine whether they are within their normal operating range, and whether there are issues such as overload or uneven stress. This provides a scientific basis for the maintenance, replacement, or reinforcement of the supports.

[0009] Traditional support testing methods require lifting structures, which can generate significant additional stress and deformation on the existing structure, potentially leading to cracks, loose connections, and other damage, thus affecting the structure's safety and durability. This new solution eliminates the need for lifting structures, fundamentally removing this risk and ensuring the integrity of the existing structure during the testing process.

[0010] The no-lifting operation greatly simplifies the inspection process, reduces significant costs associated with the rental, installation, and dismantling of lifting equipment, and minimizes indirect costs such as traffic control and environmental impacts that may result from lifting operations. Simultaneously, the construction period is significantly shortened, reducing disruption to normal production and daily life.

[0011] Real-time monitoring of support height changes and adjustment forces during support device height variations allows for timely detection of subtle changes in the support's stress state, ensuring that the collected adjustment force values ​​accurately reflect the support's true stress condition. Furthermore, collecting adjustment force values ​​when the height no longer changes or during periods of stable adjustment force-time relationship further improves data reliability and accuracy, providing a guarantee for accurate calculation of the support's bearing capacity.

[0012] Optionally, support devices may be arranged on one or both sides of the existing support, with the support devices arranged longitudinally or laterally of the existing support.

[0013] Optionally, the deformation monitoring element is a displacement sensor, which is arranged between the upper and lower plates of the support or on its side.

[0014] Optionally, in S3, the relationship between the regulating power and time is that the regulating power gradually increases over time. When the regulating power is in a flat period within a certain time, the regulating power no longer changes, and the support is unloaded.

[0015] An existing support reaction force detection and jacking-free system includes an existing support and a support device installed on the side of the support. The support is located between the upper structure and the lower structure. The support is axially arranged with deformation monitoring elements for monitoring changes in the support height. The support device is connected to a power element for changing the height of the support device.

[0016] Optionally, the support device includes an upper seat plate and a lower seat plate, with two adjusting members movably disposed between the upper seat plate and the lower seat plate. The top surface of the adjusting member contacts the bottom surface of the upper seat plate in an inclined or curved surface contact, and the bottom surface of the adjusting member contacts the top surface of the lower seat plate in a planar or curved surface contact. One end of one adjusting member is connected to one end of a power element, and the other adjusting member is connected to the other end of the power element. The power element is located on the side of one of the adjusting members and on the extension line of the relative movement direction of the two adjusting members.

[0017] Optionally, the two adjusting components include a left wedge block and a right wedge block. The left wedge block has first baffles on both sides, and the two first baffles form a first cavity for placing the upper seat plate. The right wedge block has second baffles on both sides, and the two second baffles form a second cavity for placing the upper seat plate. The bottom surface of the right wedge block has a groove that allows the lower seat plate to be inserted.

[0018] Optionally, the ends of the left and right wedge blocks opposite to each other are provided with connecting blocks for connecting to a power element. The connecting blocks are connected to a first connecting plate. The end of the right wedge block away from the left wedge block is connected to a second connecting plate. The first connecting plate is slidably disposed above the second connecting plate. One end of the second connecting plate is provided with a mounting groove for mounting the power element. The power element is a hydraulic cylinder. The output end of the power element is connected to the first connecting plate. The end of the first connecting plate facing the left wedge block is provided with a first U-shaped opening. The end of the second connecting plate facing the left wedge block is provided with a second U-shaped opening. The right wedge block is located in the first U-shaped opening. The lower seat plate and one end of the right wedge block are located in the second U-shaped opening. The bottom surface of the second connecting plate is higher than the bottom surface of the lower seat plate.

[0019] Optionally, the bottom surface of the upper seat plate is provided with a wear-resistant plate made of polytetrafluoroethylene, the top surface of the lower seat plate is provided with a stainless steel plate, and the side of the second connecting plate is provided with an L-shaped tensile plate. The tensile plate cooperates with the stepped groove on the side wall of the first connecting plate to achieve tensile and guiding functions.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. In this invention, the support device is first installed on the side of the existing support. The height of the support device is adjustable. When the height is adjusted, the support device will interact with the existing support. The support device needs to apply a certain power during the adjustment process. By monitoring the change in the support height and the corresponding adjustment power of the support device in real time, the change in the adjustment power when the force state of the support changes can be captured.

[0021] When the support height no longer changes, it means that the support is no longer subjected to the load of the superstructure. Similarly, when the relationship between adjustment power and time is in a flat phase, it also indicates that the force transmission between the support device and the support tends to be stable, and the load on the support is completely transferred to the support device. The adjustment power values ​​collected in these two cases can accurately reflect the vertical reaction force borne by the support device.

[0022] Based on the collected adjustment power values, and considering the mechanical relationship between the vertical reaction force of the support device and the adjustment power, the adjustment power values ​​can be mathematically calculated to convert them into the vertical force value borne by the support device. Since the vertical force borne by the support device at this time is equal to the bearing capacity of the support when it is under load (according to the principle of force balance), this vertical force value is the bearing capacity of the support in the current state.

[0023] The ability to accurately measure the load-bearing capacity of existing supports under current conditions is crucial for assessing their performance and safety. By understanding the actual force borne by the supports, it is possible to determine whether they are within their normal operating range, and whether there are issues such as overload or uneven stress. This provides a scientific basis for the maintenance, replacement, or reinforcement of the supports.

[0024] 2. Traditional support testing methods require lifting structures, which can generate significant additional stress and deformation on the existing structure, potentially leading to cracks, loose connections, and other damage, thus affecting the structure's safety and durability. This solution, however, eliminates the need for lifting structures, fundamentally removing this risk and ensuring the integrity of the existing structure during the testing process.

[0025] The no-lifting operation greatly simplifies the inspection process, reduces significant costs associated with the rental, installation, and dismantling of lifting equipment, and minimizes indirect costs such as traffic control and environmental impacts that may result from lifting operations. Simultaneously, the construction period is significantly shortened, reducing disruption to normal production and daily life.

[0026] 3. Real-time monitoring of support height changes and adjustment forces during support device height variations allows for timely detection of subtle changes in the support's stress state, ensuring that the collected adjustment force values ​​accurately reflect the support's true stress condition. By collecting adjustment force values ​​when the height no longer changes or during periods of stable adjustment force-time relationship, the reliability and accuracy of the data are further improved, providing a guarantee for accurate calculation of the support's bearing capacity.

[0027] 4. After the existing support is unloaded, it can be directly removed and a new support installed, making support replacement more convenient and quick. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure for installing support devices on both sides of the support; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the supporting device. Figure 4 This is an exploded structural diagram of the support device; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the explosion structure in another direction for supporting the device; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the left wedge block and the first connecting plate; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the right wedge block and the second connecting plate.

[0029] Reference numerals: 1-Support, 101-Upper plate, 102-Lower plate, 2-Upper structure, 3-Lower structure, 4-Support device, 5-Displacement sensor, 6-Wear-resistant plate, 7-Power element, 8-Upper seat plate, 9-Lower seat plate, 10-Left wedge block, 11-Connecting block, 12-First connecting plate, 13-Second connecting plate, 14-Tension plate, 15-Stop bar, 16-Slide groove, 17-Mounting groove, 18-First U-shaped opening, 19-Stepped groove, 20-Right wedge block, 21-Stainless steel plate, 22-Second baffle, 23-Mounting port, 24-Second U-shaped opening, 25-Concave area, 26-First baffle, 27-First cavity, 28-Second cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0031] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "longitudinal," "lateral," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," "front," "rear," "top," and "bottom," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0032] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "have," "install," "connect," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances. Example

[0033] A method for detecting and replacing existing bearing reactions without jacking includes the following steps: S1: Arrange height-adjustable support devices 4 as needed on the side of the existing support 1, debug the power control system, and install deformation monitoring elements between the upper plate 101 and the lower plate 102 of the existing support 1. S2: Release the constraint between the upper plate 101 and the bottom of the beam, slowly adjust the height of the support device 4, and monitor the height change of the support 1 and the adjustment power of the support device 4 corresponding to the height value in real time. S3: Collect the adjustment power value when the height of support 1 no longer changes and / or collect the adjustment power value when the relationship between adjustment power and time is in a flat segment; when the height of support 1 no longer changes, support 1 has been completely unloaded, remove support 1, install a new support 1, and complete the replacement of support 1. S4: By combining the adjustment power value collected by S3 with the mechanical relationship between the vertical reaction force of the support device 4 and the adjustment power, the vertical force value is obtained. From the mechanical equilibrium relationship of the fulcrum, it can be known that the vertical reaction force value is the reaction force of the support 1 in the initial state. S5: Gradually unload the power of the support device 4, lower the height of the support device 4 until it is completely unloaded, and the load is borne entirely by the support 1. Remove the support device 4.

[0034] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the existing support 1 is installed between the upper structure 2 (beam) and the lower structure 3 (pier). The support 1 has a certain compressive deformation after being compressed. First, the support device 4 is arranged on both sides of the existing support 1. The height of the support device 4 is adjustable. At this time, the support device 4 is not under force. When its height is adjusted, the support device 4 will interact with the existing support 1. The support device 4 needs to apply a certain power during the adjustment process. By real-time monitoring of the height change of the support 1 and the corresponding adjustment power of the support device 4, the height change of the support 1 is monitored by the deformation monitoring element, and the adjustment power is obtained by the power control system, which can capture the change of adjustment power when the force state of the support 1 changes.

[0035] When the height of the support device 4 is adjusted to bear the load of the upper structure 2, the load on the support 1 will decrease, and the height of the support device 4 will continuously increase. The load on the support device 4 will be greater, and conversely, the force on the support 1 will decrease, and the height of the support 1 will increase. When the height of the support 1 no longer changes, it means that the support 1 is no longer bearing the load of the upper structure 2 and is completely unloaded. Similarly, when the relationship between the adjustment power and time is in a flat period, it also indicates that the force transmission between the support device 4 and the support 1 tends to be stable, and the load on the support 1 is completely transferred to the support device 4. The adjustment power values ​​collected in these two cases can accurately reflect the vertical reaction force borne by the support device 4.

[0036] Based on the collected adjustment power values, and combined with the mechanical relationship between the vertical reaction force of the support device 4 and the adjustment power, the adjustment power values ​​can be mathematically calculated to convert them into the vertical force value borne by the support device 4. Since the vertical force borne by the support device 4 at this time is equal to the bearing capacity of the support 1 when it is under load (according to the principle of force balance), this vertical force value is the bearing capacity of the support 1 in the current state.

[0037] The ability to accurately measure the load-bearing capacity of the existing support 1 in its current state is crucial for assessing the working performance and safety of the support 1. By understanding the actual force borne by the support 1, it is possible to determine whether the support 1 is within its normal working range, and whether there are problems such as overload or uneven stress, thus providing a scientific basis for the maintenance, replacement or reinforcement of the support 1.

[0038] Traditional support inspection methods require a lifting structure, which can generate significant additional stress and deformation on the existing structure, potentially leading to cracks, loose connections, and other damage, thus affecting the structure's safety and durability. This proposed solution eliminates the need for a lifting structure, fundamentally removing this risk and ensuring the integrity of the existing structure during the inspection process.

[0039] The no-lifting operation greatly simplifies the inspection process, reduces significant costs associated with the rental, installation, and dismantling of lifting equipment, and minimizes indirect costs such as traffic control and environmental impacts that may result from lifting operations. Simultaneously, the construction period is significantly shortened, reducing disruption to normal production and daily life.

[0040] Real-time monitoring of the height change and adjustment power of support 1 during the height change of support device 4 allows for timely capture of subtle changes in the stress state of support 1, ensuring that the collected adjustment power values ​​accurately reflect the true stress condition of support 1. By collecting adjustment power values ​​when the height no longer changes or during periods of flat adjustment power-time relationship, the reliability and accuracy of the data are further improved, providing a guarantee for accurate calculation of the bearing capacity of support 1.

[0041] Furthermore, support devices 4 are arranged on both sides of the existing support 1, and displacement sensors 5 for monitoring the height change of support 1 are arranged in the axial direction of support 1. Then, the power element 7 of the support device 4 is connected and debugged.

[0042] Furthermore, the displacement sensor 5 is arranged between the upper plate 101 and the lower plate 102 of the support 1.

[0043] Furthermore, in S3, the relationship between the regulating power and time is that it gradually increases over time. When the regulating power is in a flat period within a certain time, the regulating power no longer changes, and the support 1 is unloaded.

[0044] An existing support reaction force detection and jacking-free system includes an existing support 1 and a support device 4 installed on the side of the support 1. The support 1 is located between the upper structure 2 and the lower structure 3. The support 1 is axially provided with deformation monitoring elements for monitoring changes in the height of the support 1. The support device 4 is connected to a power element 7 for changing the height of the support device 4.

[0045] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, the initial state is set as follows: the support device 4 is installed on both sides of the existing support 1, ensuring that the installation is firm and the position is accurate. The deformation monitoring element (displacement sensor 5) starts to work and records the initial height of the support 1.

[0046] Height Adjustment and Data Acquisition: The power element 7 is activated, slowly changing the height of the support device 4. During this height change, the force on the support 1 decreases. The deformation monitoring element continuously monitors the height change of the support 1 and transmits the height data to the data processing unit (which can be externally connected or integrated into the system) in real time. Simultaneously, the power output of the power element 7 during operation (such as hydraulic pressure) is also recorded. This power data is correlated with the height change of the support 1.

[0047] Stability determination and data acquisition: As the height of the support device 4 increases, when the height of the support 1 no longer changes, it indicates that the support 1 has been unloaded and no longer bears the load of the upper structure 2. The load of the upper structure 2 is now borne by the support device 4. At this time, the system acquires the output power value of the power element 7. In addition, it can also acquire the power value when the power element 7 is in the flat segment of the power-time relationship curve, because the flat segment indicates that the power adjustment is no longer changing and the support device 4 fully bears the load of the upper structure 2.

[0048] Reaction force calculation: Based on the mechanical relationship between the vertical reaction force of the support device 4 and the adjustment power, the vertical force value borne by the support device 4 is obtained through mathematical calculation using the collected adjustment power value under steady state. Since the vertical force of the support device 4 and the reaction force of the support 1 are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction under equilibrium state, this vertical force value is the bearing capacity of the support 1.

[0049] Furthermore, the support device 4 includes an upper seat plate 8 and a lower seat plate 9. Two adjusting members are movably arranged between the upper seat plate 8 and the lower seat plate 9. The top surface of the adjusting member is in inclined contact with the bottom surface of the upper seat plate 8, and the bottom surface of the adjusting member is in planar or curved contact with the top surface of the lower seat plate 9. One end of one adjusting member is connected to one end of the power element 7, and the other adjusting member is connected to the other end of the power element 7. The power element 7 is located on the side of one of the adjusting members and on the extension line of the relative movement direction of the two adjusting members.

[0050] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the power element 7 is located on one side of one of the adjusting members and on the extension line of the relative movement direction of the two adjusting members, that is, at the rear end of the adjusting member. Compared with the existing power element 7 being located on the side of the adjusting member, this can reduce the space occupied on both sides and is suitable for areas with relatively narrow space.

[0051] Furthermore, the two adjusting components include a left wedge block 10 and a right wedge block 20. The left wedge block 10 has first baffles 26 on both sides, and the two first baffles 26 form a first cavity 27 for placing the upper seat plate 8. The right wedge block 20 has second baffles 22 on both sides, and the two second baffles 22 form a second cavity 28 for placing the upper seat plate 8. The bottom surface of the right wedge block 20 has a groove 16 that allows the lower seat plate 9 to be inserted.

[0052] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the support device 4 consists of an upper base plate 8, a lower base plate 9, and two adjusting components located between them. This layered structure allows each component to function relatively independently while cooperating with each other. The upper base plate 8 is in direct contact with the superstructure 2 or related load-bearing components, transmitting the supporting force; the lower base plate 9 is connected to the foundation or other stable structures, providing a stable supporting foundation.

[0053] Two adjusting components are movably mounted between the upper seat plate 8 and the lower seat plate 9. The top surface of the adjusting component makes inclined plane contact with the bottom surface of the upper seat plate 8. This inclined plane contact allows the horizontal displacement of the adjusting component to be converted into vertical displacement of the upper seat plate 8 when it moves horizontally, thereby achieving height adjustment of the support device 4. The bottom surface of the adjusting component makes planar contact with the top surface of the lower seat plate 9. This planar contact ensures the stability of the adjusting component during horizontal movement.

[0054] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the two adjusting components are a left wedge block 10 and a right wedge block 20. The left wedge block 10 has a first baffle 26 on both sides to form a first cavity 27 for placing the upper seat plate 8. The right wedge block 20 has a second baffle 22 on both sides to form a second cavity 28 for placing the upper seat plate 8. The two cavities limit and guide the upper seat plate 8, preventing the upper seat plate 8 from shifting during height adjustment and ensuring the stability of the support device 4.

[0055] The bottom surface of the right wedge block 20 is provided with a groove 16 that allows the lower seat plate 9 to be inserted. The groove 16 further constrains the movement direction of the right wedge block 20, so that it can only slide along the lower seat plate 9 in a specific direction, thereby improving the accuracy and controllability of height adjustment.

[0056] Working principle: The two ends of the power element 7 are connected to the left wedge block 10 and the right wedge block 20 respectively. When the power element 7 works, it will apply forces in opposite directions to the two wedge blocks, causing them to move relative to each other or towards each other in the horizontal direction.

[0057] Because the top surface of the adjusting component contacts the bottom surface of the upper seat plate 8 at an angle, when the left wedge block 10 and the right wedge block 20 move horizontally, the angled surface causes the upper seat plate 8 to displace vertically. For example, when the two wedge blocks move towards each other, the upper seat plate 8 will be raised; conversely, when they move relative to each other, the upper seat plate 8 will be lowered. The height of the support device 4 can be adjusted by controlling the movement of the power element 7.

[0058] Furthermore, the ends of the left wedge block 10 and the right wedge block 20 opposite to each other are provided with connecting blocks 11 for connecting to the power element 7. The connecting blocks 11 are connected to the first connecting plate 12. The end of the right wedge block 20 away from the left wedge block 10 is connected to the second connecting plate 13. The first connecting plate 12 is slidably disposed above the second connecting plate 13. One end of the second connecting plate 13 is provided with a mounting groove 17 for mounting the power element 7. The power element 7 is a hydraulic cylinder. The output end of the power element 7 is connected to the first connecting plate 12. The end of the first connecting plate 12 facing the left wedge block 10 is provided with a first U-shaped opening 18. The end of the second connecting plate 13 facing the left wedge block 10 is provided with a second U-shaped opening 24. The right wedge block 20 is located in the first U-shaped opening 18. The lower seat plate 9 and one end of the right wedge block 20 are located in the second U-shaped opening 24. The bottom surface of the second connecting plate 13 is higher than the bottom surface of the lower seat plate 9.

[0059] Specifically, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a connecting block 11 is integrally formed on the right end of the left wedge block 10. The connecting block 11 is bolted to a first connecting plate 12. The end of the first connecting plate 12 connected to the connecting block 11 has a first U-shaped opening 18. The inner wall of the first U-shaped opening 18 is in movable contact with the side wall of the right wedge block 20, that is, the right wedge block 20 and the first connecting plate 12 can slide relative to each other. The right wedge block 20 is located in the first U-shaped opening 18. The right end of the first connecting plate 12 is connected to the output end of a hydraulic cylinder. Two hydraulic cylinders are provided. The bottom surface of the right wedge block 20 has a groove 16 that mates with the lower seat plate 9. The lower seat plate 9 is inserted into the groove 16. A second connecting plate 13 is provided below the first connecting plate 12. The left end of the second connecting plate 13 has a second U-shaped opening 24. The right end of the right wedge block 20 is also inserted into the second U-shaped opening. The upper plate 8 is fixedly connected to the second connecting plate 13, which means that the second connecting plate 13 and the right wedge block 20 can slide relative to the lower plate 9 as a whole. The bottom surface of the second connecting plate 13 is slightly higher than the bottom surface of the lower plate 9. Two mounting slots 17 are opened at the right end of the second connecting plate 13. The hydraulic cylinder is installed in the mounting slot 17. When the output end of the hydraulic cylinder extends, the left wedge block 10 and the right wedge block 20 move in a relatively distant direction. The first connecting plate 12 moves to the right and the second connecting plate 13 moves to the left, so that the height of the upper plate 8 rises. Conversely, the height of the upper plate 8 falls. After the height of the upper plate 8 is adjusted, its end can be connected to the lower plate 9 by screws to prevent the height of the upper plate 8 from changing. When the height needs to be adjusted again, the screws can be removed.

[0060] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the upper seat plate 8 is provided with a wear-resistant plate 6 made of polytetrafluoroethylene, the top surface of the lower seat plate 9 is provided with a stainless steel plate 21, and the side of the second connecting plate 13 is provided with an L-shaped tensile plate 14. The tensile plate 14 cooperates with the stepped groove 19 on the side wall of the first connecting plate 12 to achieve tensile and guiding functions.

[0061] Specifically, mounting openings 23 are provided on both sides of the second connecting plate 13. An L-shaped tensile plate 14 is installed in the mounting opening 23 by screws. A concave area 25 is provided on the side wall of the first connecting plate 12 adjacent to the hydraulic cylinder. The tensile plate 14 is located in the concave area 25. The tensile plate 14 plays a limiting role in the lateral movement of the first connecting plate 12. A stop strip 15 integrally formed with the first connecting plate 12 is provided in the concave area 25. The stop strip 15 and the top surface of the first connecting plate 12 form a stepped groove 19. The stepped groove 19 and the tensile plate 14 cooperate to achieve tensile resistance. The inner side wall of the tensile plate 14 does not contact the first connecting plate 12 or the stop strip 15.

[0062] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Based on the technical essence of the present invention, any simple modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made to the above embodiments within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting and replacing existing support reactions without jacking, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Arrange height-adjustable support devices (4) on the side of the existing support (1) as needed, debug the power control system, and install deformation monitoring elements between the upper plate (101) and lower plate (102) of the existing support (1). S2: Release the constraint between the upper plate (101) and the bottom of the beam, slowly adjust the height of the support device (4), and monitor the height change of the support (1) and the adjustment power of the support device (4) corresponding to the height value in real time. S3: Collect the adjustment power value when the height of the support (1) no longer changes and / or collect the adjustment power value when the relationship between the adjustment power and time is in a flat segment; when the height of the support (1) no longer changes, the support (1) has been completely unloaded, remove the support (1), install a new support (1), and complete the replacement of the support (1); S4: By combining the adjustment power value collected by S3 with the mechanical relationship between the vertical reaction force of the support device (4) and the adjustment power, the vertical force value is obtained. From the mechanical equilibrium relationship of the fulcrum, it can be known that the vertical reaction force value is the reaction force of the support (1) in the initial state. S5: Gradually unload the power of the support device (4), reduce the height of the support device (4) until it is completely unloaded, and the load is borne entirely by the support (1). Remove the support device (4).

2. The method for detecting and replacing existing support reactions without jacking, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... A support device (4) is arranged on one or both sides of the existing support (1), and the support device (4) is arranged longitudinally or laterally on the existing support (1).

3. The method for detecting and replacing existing support reactions without jacking, as described in claim 2, is characterized in that... The deformation monitoring element is a displacement sensor (5), which is arranged between the upper plate (101) and the lower plate (102) of the support (1) or on the side.

4. The method for detecting and replacing existing support reaction force without jacking, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... In S3, the relationship between the regulating power and time is that the regulating power gradually increases over time. When the regulating power is in a flat period within a certain time period, the regulating power no longer changes, and the support (1) is unloaded.

5. An existing bearing reaction force detection and jacking-free replacement system, used in the existing bearing reaction force detection and jacking-free replacement method described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, It includes an existing support (1) and a support device (4) set on the side of the support (1). The support (1) is set between the upper structure (2) and the lower structure (3). The support (1) is axially provided with a deformation monitoring element for monitoring the height change of the support (1). The support device (4) is connected to a power element (7) for changing the height of the support device (4).

6. The existing support reaction force detection and jacking-free system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The support device (4) includes an upper seat plate (8) and a lower seat plate (9). Two adjusting members are movably provided between the upper seat plate (8) and the lower seat plate (9). The top surface of the adjusting member is in contact with the bottom surface of the upper seat plate (8) as an inclined surface or a curved surface, and the bottom surface of the adjusting member is in contact with the top surface of the lower seat plate (9) as a flat surface or a curved surface. One end of one adjusting member is connected to one end of the power element (7), and the other adjusting member is connected to the other end of the power element (7). The power element (7) is located on the side of one of the adjusting members and on the extension line of the relative movement direction of the two adjusting members.

7. The existing support reaction force detection and jacking-free system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The two adjusting components include a left wedge block (10) and a right wedge block (20). The left wedge block (10) has a first baffle (26) on both sides, and the two first baffles (26) form a first cavity (27) for placing the upper seat plate (8). The right wedge block (20) has a second baffle (22) on both sides, and the two second baffles (22) form a second cavity (28) for placing the upper seat plate (8). The bottom surface of the right wedge block (20) has a groove (16) that allows the lower seat plate (9) to be inserted.

8. The existing support reaction force detection and jacking-free system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The left wedge block (10) and the right wedge block (20) are provided with a connecting block (11) for connecting to the power element (7) at their opposite ends. The connecting block (11) is connected to a first connecting plate (12). The end of the right wedge block (20) away from the left wedge block (10) is connected to a second connecting plate (13). The first connecting plate (12) is slidably disposed above the second connecting plate (13). One end of the second connecting plate (13) is provided with a mounting groove (17) for mounting the power element (7). The power element (7) is hydraulic oil. The output end of the cylinder and the power element (7) is connected to the first connecting plate (12). The first connecting plate (12) has a first U-shaped opening (18) at one end facing the left wedge block (10), and the second connecting plate (13) has a second U-shaped opening (24) at one end facing the left wedge block (10). The right wedge block (20) is located inside the first U-shaped opening (18), and the lower seat plate (9) and one end of the right wedge block (20) are located inside the second U-shaped opening (24). The bottom surface of the second connecting plate (13) is higher than the bottom surface of the lower seat plate (9).

9. The existing support reaction force detection and jacking-free system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The bottom surface of the upper seat plate (8) is provided with a wear-resistant plate made of polytetrafluoroethylene, and the top surface of the lower seat plate (9) is provided with a stainless steel plate (21).

10. The existing support reaction force detection and jacking-free system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The second connecting plate (13) has an L-shaped tensile plate (14) on its side. The tensile plate (14) cooperates with the stepped groove (19) on the side wall of the first connecting plate (12) to achieve tensile and guiding functions.

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