Signal transmission method, signal processing method, signal transmission device, signal processing device and related equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a signal transmission method, a signal processing method, a signal processing device and related equipment, and belongs to the technical field of communication, and the signal transmission method of the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps: sending a reference signal, the reference signal being used for estimating transmission characteristic information of a transmission signal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of communication technology, specifically relating to a signal transmission method, signal processing method, apparatus and related equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, during the transmission of a signal from the transmitter to the receiver, various factors (such as the nonlinear distortion of the power amplifier) ​​can introduce additional components into the transmitted signal, such as harmonic components, intermodulation components, and even intermodulation products between these components. This leads to signal distortion, making it difficult for the receiver to accurately recover the signal. Therefore, existing signal transmission schemes struggle to guarantee the consistency between the signal received by the receiver and the signal transmitted by the transmitter. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a signal transmission method, signal processing method, apparatus, and related equipment, which can solve the problem in existing signal transmission schemes that it is difficult to guarantee the consistency between the signal received by the receiver and the signal sent by the transmitter.

[0004] Firstly, a signal transmission method is provided, executed by a transmitting end, the method comprising:

[0005] A reference signal is transmitted, which is used to estimate the transmission characteristic information of the transmitted signal.

[0006] Secondly, a signal processing method is provided, executed by a receiving end, the method comprising:

[0007] A reference signal is received, which is used to assist the receiver in estimating the transmission characteristic information of the received transmitted signal;

[0008] The transmitted signal is received and processed based on its transmission characteristic information.

[0009] Thirdly, a signal transmission device is provided, comprising:

[0010] The first transmitting module is used to transmit a reference signal, which is used to estimate the transmission characteristic information of the transmitted signal.

[0011] Fourthly, a signal processing apparatus is provided, comprising:

[0012] The first receiving module is used to receive a reference signal, which is used to assist the receiving end in estimating the transmission characteristic information of the received transmission signal.

[0013] The processing module is used to receive and process the transmitted signal according to the transmission characteristic information of the transmitted signal.

[0014] Fifthly, a signal transmission apparatus is provided, the apparatus being configured to perform the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or a signal processing apparatus is provided, the apparatus being configured to perform the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0015] In a sixth aspect, a terminal is provided, the terminal including a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the method as described in the first or second aspect.

[0016] In a seventh aspect, a terminal is provided, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is used to transmit a reference signal, the reference signal being used to estimate transmission characteristic information of a transmitted signal; or, the communication interface is used to receive a reference signal, the reference signal being used to assist a receiving end in estimating transmission characteristic information of a received transmitted signal; the processor is used to perform reception processing on the transmitted signal based on the transmission characteristic information of the transmitted signal.

[0017] Eighthly, a network-side device is provided, the network-side device including a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the method as described in the first or second aspect.

[0018] In a ninth aspect, a network-side device is provided, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is used to transmit a reference signal, the reference signal being used to estimate transmission characteristic information of a transmitted signal; or, the communication interface is used to receive a reference signal, the reference signal being used to assist a receiving end in estimating transmission characteristic information of a received transmitted signal; the processor is used to perform reception processing on the transmitted signal based on the transmission characteristic information of the transmitted signal.

[0019] In a tenth aspect, a readable storage medium is provided, on which a program or instructions are stored, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or implement the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0020] Eleventhly, a wireless communication system is provided, comprising: a terminal and a network-side device, wherein the terminal can be used to perform the steps of the method as described in the first aspect, and the network-side device can be used to perform the steps of the method as described in the second aspect.

[0021] In a twelfth aspect, a chip is provided, the chip including a processor and a communication interface coupled to the processor, the processor being configured to run programs or instructions to implement the method as described in the first aspect, or to implement the method as described in the second aspect.

[0022] In a thirteenth aspect, a computer program / program product is provided, the computer program / program product being stored in a storage medium, the computer program / program product being executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the method as described in the first or second aspect.

[0023] In this embodiment of the application, a reference signal is transmitted. The reference signal is used to estimate the transmission characteristic information of the transmitted signal, so that the receiving end can estimate the transmission characteristic information of the transmitted signal based on the reference signal. This facilitates the receiving end to perform corresponding reception processing on the transmitted signal based on the transmission characteristic information to compensate for the distortion of the received transmitted signal, thereby effectively ensuring the consistency between the signal transmitted by the transmitting end and the signal received by the receiving end. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This diagram illustrates the structure of a communication system to which embodiments of this application can be applied.

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the nonlinear characteristics of a power amplifier;

[0026] Figure 3 One of the flowcharts illustrating a signal transmission method according to an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 4 One of the interactive schematic diagrams illustrating the signal transmission method of an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 5 A second interactive schematic diagram illustrating the signal transmission method of an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 6 One of the schematic diagrams illustrating the transmission of reference signals according to an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 7 A second schematic diagram illustrating the transmission of reference signals according to an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 8 A second schematic flowchart illustrating the signal transmission method according to an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 9 A flowchart illustrating a signal processing method according to an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of a module representing a signal transmission device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of a module representing a signal transmission device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 12 A structural block diagram illustrating a communication device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 13 A structural block diagram illustrating the terminal in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 14 This is a structural block diagram illustrating a network-side device according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0039] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first" and "second" are generally of the same class, not limited in number; for example, the first object can be one or more. Furthermore, "or" in this application indicates at least one of the connected objects. For example, the scope of protection for "A or B" covers at least three scenarios: Scenario 1: including A but not B; Scenario 2: including B but not A; Scenario 3: including both A and B. In addition, the terms "A and / or B," "at least one of A and B," and "at least one of A or B" also cover at least the above three scenarios. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0040] The term "instruction" in this application can be either a direct instruction (or explicit instruction) or an indirect instruction (or implicit instruction). A direct instruction can be understood as one in which the sender explicitly informs the receiver of specific information, the operation to be performed, or the requested result, etc., in the instruction sent. An indirect instruction can be understood as one in which the receiver determines the corresponding information based on the instruction sent by the sender, or makes a judgment and determines the operation to be performed or the requested result, etc., based on the judgment result.

[0041] It is worth noting that the technologies described in this application are not limited to Long Term Evolution (LTE) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, but can also be used in other wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single-carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), or other systems. The terms "system" and "network" in this application are often used interchangeably, and the described technologies can be used with the systems and radio technologies mentioned above, as well as with other systems and radio technologies. The following description describes New Radio (NR) systems for illustrative purposes, and the term NR is used in most of the following description; however, these technologies can also be applied to systems other than NR systems, such as 6th generation (6G) radio systems. th Generation 6G communication system.

[0042] Figure 1This diagram illustrates a block diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to embodiments of this application. The wireless communication system includes a terminal 11 and a network-side device 12. The terminal 11 can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop computer, notebook computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), handheld computer, netbook, ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), mobile internet device (MID), augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR) device, robot, wearable device, flight vehicle, vehicle user equipment (VUE), shipboard equipment, pedestrian user equipment (PUE), smart home devices (home appliances with wireless communication capabilities, such as refrigerators, televisions, washing machines, or furniture), game consoles, personal computers (PCs), ATMs, or self-service machines, etc. Wearable devices include: smartwatches, smart bracelets, smart headphones, smart glasses, smart jewelry (smart bracelets, smart chains, smart rings, smart necklaces, smart anklets, smart anklets, etc.), smart wristbands, smart clothing, etc. Among these, in-vehicle devices can also be referred to as in-vehicle terminals, in-vehicle controllers, in-vehicle modules, in-vehicle components, in-vehicle chips, or in-vehicle units, etc. It should be noted that the specific type of terminal 11 is not limited in this application embodiment. Network-side equipment 12 may include access network equipment or core network equipment, wherein access network equipment may also be referred to as Radio Access Network (RAN) equipment, radio access network function, or radio access network unit. Access network equipment may include base stations, Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) access points (AS), or Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) nodes, etc.The term "base station" can be referred to as Node B (NB), Evolved Node B (eNB), Next Generation Node B (gNB), New Radio Node B (NR Node B), Access Point, Relay Base Station (RBS), Serving Base Station (SBS), Base Transceiver Station (BTS), Radio Base Station, Radio Transceiver, Basic Service Set (BSS), Extended Service Set (ESS), Home Node B (HNB), Home Evolved Node B, Transmit / Receive Point (TRP), or any other suitable term in the relevant field, as long as the same technical effect is achieved. The term "base station" is not limited to any specific technical terminology. It should be noted that this application embodiment only uses a base station in an NR system as an example for description and does not limit the specific type of base station.

[0043] Core network equipment, also known as core network nodes, core network functions, or core network elements, includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: Mobility Management Entity (MME), Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), Session Management Function (SMF), User Plane Function (UPF), Policy Control Function (PCF), Policy and Charging Rules Function (PCRF), Edge Application Server Discovery Function (EASDF), Unified Data Management (UDM), Unified Data Repository (UDR), Home Subscriber Server (HSS), Centralized network configuration (CNC), Network Repository Function (NRF), Network Exposure Function (NEF), Local NEF (or L-NEF), and Binding Support Function. Support Functions (BSF), Application Functions (AF), Location Management Functions (LMF), Gateway Mobile Location Centres (GMLC), and Network Data Analytics Functions (NWDAF), etc. It should be noted that this application embodiment only uses core network equipment in the NR system as an example and does not limit the specific type of core network equipment. If the name of the core network equipment mentioned in this application embodiment changes in subsequent protocol versions (e.g., 6G), it will still be within the scope of protection of this application.

[0044] Optionally, the core network equipment can be implemented by one or more functional modules in a single device, or by multiple devices working together; this application does not specifically limit this. It is understood that the aforementioned functional modules can be network elements in hardware devices, software functional modules running on dedicated hardware, or virtualized functional modules instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform).

[0045] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the embodiments of this application, the following description will be provided first.

[0046] I. Power Amplifier (PA);

[0047] In related technologies, signal amplification is necessary to transmit electrical signals over long distances and ensure signal quality. Power amplifiers (PAA) are an important tool for this purpose, effectively converting weak signals into powerful output signals by increasing their power.

[0048] 1. Nonlinearity of PA:

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, power amplifier nonlinearity refers to the situation where, when the input signal is a small current signal, the output power increases linearly with the input power, and the ratio of output signal power to input signal power remains constant, meaning the gain is a fixed value; this state is called the linear state. When the power amplifier receives a large current signal, the power ratio of the output signal to the input signal changes, and the power ratio gradually decreases, meaning the gain is compressed. The final result is that the input signal power increases while the output power remains unchanged; this state is called the saturation state. To improve power amplifier efficiency and extend signal transmission distance, the power amplifier needs to operate in the saturation region, or nonlinear region, for extended periods. However, before reaching saturation, the gain has already been compressed, which is the so-called power amplifier nonlinear distortion.

[0050] Nonlinear distortion in power amplifiers introduces additional frequency components into the transmitted signal, such as harmonic components, intermodulation components, and even intermodulation products between these components. These distorted components do not match the signal to be transmitted, causing problems in the transmission process and resulting in incomplete signals such as voice distortion and interruptions in the received signal. Therefore, it is necessary to linearize the nonlinear distortion of the power amplifier to ensure that the signal remains intact after amplification.

[0051] 2. PA efficiency and power consumption:

[0052] Power amplifiers generally have low efficiency. Theoretically, power amplifiers commonly used in communication systems can achieve 50% or even higher efficiency, but in actual operation, the efficiency is generally only 10% to 30%.

[0053] Generally speaking, the efficiency of a power amplifier increases with the increase of output power, and the efficiency of a power amplifier is the highest when it is operating in the saturation region.

[0054] At the same time, although the gain and efficiency of a power amplifier will increase with the increase of output power, the power consumption of the power amplifier will generally also increase accordingly due to the increase of output power, but the increase is not as much as the increase of output power.

[0055] II. Nonlinear distortion processing techniques:

[0056] There are various ways to deal with the nonlinear distortion of power amplifiers, the most common being power back-off and digital pre-distortion (DPD) technology.

[0057] Power back-off, or power back-off method, involves reducing the input power of a power amplifier by 6-10 dB from the 1 dB compression point (equivalent to the critical point between the amplifier's linear and nonlinear regions), operating it at a level much lower than the 1 dB compression point. This moves the power amplifier away from the saturation region and into the linear operating region, thereby improving the third-order intermodulation distortion (3DIC). Generally, a 1 dB reduction in fundamental power improves 3D intermodulation distortion by 2 dB. However, due to power back-off, the PA's operating point is further away from the saturation point, resulting in lower PA efficiency. Furthermore, when the output power is reduced to a certain level, such as when the 3D intermodulation distortion value is below -45 dBc, further back-off is unlikely to significantly improve the PA's linearity. Moreover, for broadband signals, the effect of power back-off is limited due to memory effects.

[0058] Digital predistortion technology, through the cascading of a predistorter and a power amplifier (PA), integrates nonlinear distortion functionality into the digital baseband signal processing domain. The amount of distortion exhibited by the predistorter is comparable to (or equal to) that of the amplifier, but with the opposite function. Combining these two nonlinear distortion functions enables a highly linear, distortion-free system. The challenge of digital predistortion technology lies in the fact that the distortion (i.e., nonlinearity) characteristics of the PA vary with time, temperature, and bias, and differ between different devices.

[0059] III. Digital Post-Distortion Techniques:

[0060] Unlike DPD technology, which preprocesses nonlinear distortion at the transmitter where the power amplifier (PA) is located, digital post-distortion technology performs post-processing on the signal at the receiver, removing nonlinear distortion terms from the received signal. The advantage of digital post-distortion technology is that the PA can operate at its saturation point, thereby improving the power amplifier's efficiency.

[0061] Assuming we use the commonly used MP model to establish the mathematical model of PA, the details are as follows:

[0062]

[0063] Where n represents the nth sampling point in the time domain, d represents the memory depth of PA, p represents the order, and c represents the kernel function of the series. In other words, the nonlinear characteristics in the signal can be simply considered to be composed of memory depth, order, and kernel function.

[0064] Once the receiver understands the nonlinear characteristics of the PA, it can establish a mathematical model of the PA and then remove the nonlinear distortion terms in the signal.

[0065] The signal transmission method provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through some embodiments and application scenarios.

[0066] like Figure 3 As shown, this application embodiment provides a signal transmission method, executed by a transmitting end, the method comprising:

[0067] Step 301: Send a reference signal, which is used to estimate the transmission characteristic information of the transmitted signal.

[0068] In this embodiment of the application, the sending end is a terminal or a network-side device, and the network-side device may be a base station.

[0069] In this step, the transmitting end sends a reference signal to the receiving end so that the receiving end can estimate the transmission characteristic information of the transmitted signal sent by the transmitting end based on the reference signal.

[0070] The receiving end can be a terminal or a network-side device. For example, the sending end is a terminal and the receiving end is a terminal; or, the sending end is a terminal and the receiving end is a base station; or, the sending end is a base station and the receiving end is a terminal.

[0071] Optionally, the transmission signal includes at least one of a reference signal, a data signal, and a control signal.

[0072] Optionally, the reference signal includes at least one of the following:

[0073] Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS);

[0074] Sounding Reference Signal (SRS);

[0075] Synchronization Signal and PBCH block (SSB);

[0076] Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS);

[0077] Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS);

[0078] Tracking Reference Signal (TRS);

[0079] Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PTRS);

[0080] Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS).

[0081] In this embodiment, the transmitting end sends a reference signal, which is used to estimate the transmission characteristic information of the transmitted signal, so that the receiving end can estimate the transmission characteristic information of the transmitted signal based on the reference signal. This facilitates the receiving end to perform corresponding reception processing on the transmitted signal based on the transmission characteristic information to compensate for the distortion of the received transmitted signal, thereby effectively ensuring the consistency between the signal sent by the transmitting end and the signal received by the receiving end.

[0082] Optionally, the reference signal includes at least one of the following:

[0083] First reference signal;

[0084] Second reference signal;

[0085] The first reference signal is used to estimate the channel characteristic information of the transmitted signal;

[0086] The second reference signal is used to estimate the nonlinear characteristics of the transmitted signal.

[0087] In this embodiment of the application, the transmission power of the first reference signal is different from the transmission power of the second reference signal.

[0088] Optionally, the first reference signal is also used to estimate at least one of the following: adjacent channel interference information, receiver nonlinear distortion information, and nonlinear distortion information generated by devices in the transmitter other than the power amplifier.

[0089] In some embodiments, the nonlinear characteristic information of the transmitting end changes slowly. Therefore, the receiving end does not need to acquire the nonlinear characteristic information in real time for data demodulation. Instead, it can perform data demodulation based on previously measured nonlinear characteristic information. Thus, the transmitting end can transmit only the first reference signal when transmitting the transmission signal. Alternatively, in some embodiments, when the transmission signal is transmitted in the linear region, only the first reference signal can also be transmitted.

[0090] In some embodiments, when the nonlinear characteristic information of the transmitting end changes rapidly, the transmitting end may transmit the first reference signal and the second reference signal simultaneously with the transmitted signal. In some embodiments, where channel characteristic information can be obtained based on the transmitted signal, the transmitting end may also transmit only the second reference signal.

[0091] In this embodiment, the receiving end can determine the channel characteristic information and / or nonlinear characteristic information of the transmitted signal based on at least one of the first parameter signal and the second reference signal. Then, it can perform digital post-distortion processing on the transmitted signal based on this channel characteristic information and / or nonlinear characteristic information, removing the nonlinear distortion term in the received transmitted signal and compensating for the distortion of the received transmitted signal, thereby effectively ensuring the consistency between the signal transmitted by the transmitting end and the signal received by the receiving end. Furthermore, the solution of this application allows digital post-distortion technology to be applied to the receiving end, enabling the power amplifier at the transmitting end to operate at its saturation point, achieving maximum power amplifier efficiency, and thus realizing energy saving at the transmitting end.

[0092] Optionally, the nonlinear characteristic information of the transmitted signal is the nonlinear state of the power amplifier associated with the transmitted signal.

[0093] In this embodiment of the application, the nonlinear characteristic information of the transmitted signal further includes at least one of the following: the model of the power amplifier associated with the transmitted signal, the kernel function (series kernel) of the power amplifier associated with the transmitted signal, the memory depth of the power amplifier associated with the transmitted signal, the operating point of the power amplifier associated with the transmitted signal transmitting the transmitted signal, and the average power of the power amplifier associated with the transmitted signal transmitting the transmitted signal.

[0094] The nonlinear state of the power amplifier mentioned above refers to the power amplifier operating in the nonlinear region, which can also be described as the saturation region.

[0095] It should be noted that the associated power amplifier may be an equivalent power amplifier. The meaning of equivalent power amplifier is that, for the receiving end, the nonlinear characteristics associated with the received transmitted signal are not necessarily the nonlinear state of a specific power amplifier, but may be the combined effect of the nonlinear states of multiple power amplifiers, or may be the nonlinear characteristics after some signal processing, such as digital predistortion, rather than the true nonlinear state of the power amplifier.

[0096] In this embodiment, the receiving end can determine whether the power amplifier of the transmitting end is operating in a nonlinear state based on the second reference signal, thereby determining whether the received signal contains a nonlinear distortion term, and then selecting a suitable signal demodulation method to demodulate the data.

[0097] Optionally, the first reference signal is transmitted when the power amplifier at the transmitting end is in a linear state;

[0098] The second reference signal is transmitted when the power amplifier at the transmitting end is in a nonlinear state.

[0099] Since the signal transmitted in the linear region is mainly affected by the channel, the channel characteristic information can be estimated first using the first reference signal. However, the transmitted signal is transmitted in the nonlinear region, and the transmitted signal will be affected by both the channel and the nonlinear characteristics. The second reference signal will also be affected by both the channel and the nonlinear characteristics. Therefore, based on the channel characteristic information estimated by the first reference signal, the nonlinear characteristic information can be estimated based on the second reference signal.

[0100] For example, assuming the signal transmitted in the nonlinear region is denoted as x, the channel characteristic information is denoted as H, the nonlinear characteristic information is denoted as G, and the interference caused by other cells or various factors is denoted as R, the signal y received by the receiver can be expressed as y = R * H * G * x.

[0101] When the reference signal x1 is transmitted in the linear region, the reference signal y1 received by the receiver can be expressed as y1 = R*H*x1. Since both x1 and y1 are known, R*H can be obtained.

[0102] At this point, based on the reference signal transmitted in the nonlinear region, since x and y are known, the nonlinear characteristic information G can be obtained, thereby realizing digital post-distortion processing.

[0103] Optionally, the method in this application embodiment further includes:

[0104] Send first indication information, which is used to indicate a first difference between the transmission power of the first reference signal and the transmission power of the second reference signal, or to indicate a second difference between the energy per resource element (EPRE) corresponding to the first reference signal and the EPRE corresponding to the second reference signal, or to indicate a third difference between the transmission bandwidth of the first reference signal and the transmission bandwidth of the second reference signal, or to indicate the absolute value of the transmission power of the first reference signal or the absolute value of the transmission power of the second reference signal, or to indicate the absolute value of the EPRE corresponding to the first reference signal or the absolute value of the EPRE corresponding to the second reference signal, or to indicate the absolute value of the transmission bandwidth of the first reference signal or the absolute value of the transmission bandwidth of the second reference signal.

[0105] In this embodiment of the application, the content indicated by the first indication information may also be predefined by the protocol or configured by the network-side device.

[0106] The aforementioned first indication information can be carried through channels such as RRC, MAC CE, PDCCH, or PUCCH.

[0107] Here, by sending the first indication information, the receiving end can obtain the power-related information of the first reference signal and the second reference signal, and then, based on the power-related information, the receiving end can determine the linear characteristic information corresponding to the first reference signal and / or the nonlinear characteristic information corresponding to the second reference signal.

[0108] Optionally, the first reference signal and the second reference signal are spaced apart by K time units, where K is an integer.

[0109] In this embodiment, K time units are set between the first reference signal and the second reference signal, i.e., there is an interval symbol between the two reference signals, so as to facilitate automatic gain control (AGC) at the receiving end. The interval symbol may transmit a partial or complete repetition of the subsequent transmission reference signal or the previous transmission reference signal, or it may not be transmitted at all.

[0110] The aforementioned time unit may include one or more symbols, time slots, radio subframes, radio frames, milliseconds, and seconds.

[0111] Optionally, the first reference signal and the second reference signal satisfy at least one of the following:

[0112] First: The bandwidth of the first reference signal is less than the bandwidth of the second reference signal.

[0113] Here, the bandwidth of the first reference signal is smaller than that of the second reference signal. Under the same EPRE, the transmission power of the first reference signal can be reduced, making it easier to transmit within the linear region of the PA.

[0114] The difference between the bandwidth of the first reference signal and the bandwidth of the second reference signal can be indicated by the transmitting end, predefined by the protocol, or preconfigured by the network side. Optionally, the bandwidth difference can be the difference between the bandwidth of one side and the bandwidth of the other side. Optionally, the center frequency of the first reference signal is the same as the center frequency of the second reference signal.

[0115] Second: The time domain position corresponding to the first reference signal is different from the time domain position corresponding to the second reference signal.

[0116] For example, the sign corresponding to the first reference signal is different from the sign corresponding to the second reference signal.

[0117] Thirdly: The sequence corresponding to the first reference signal is different from the sequence corresponding to the second reference signal.

[0118] Specifically, the first reference signal and the second reference signal can correspond to different reference signal types.

[0119] Here, the first reference signal and the second reference signal correspond to different sequences and can have different estimation performance, making the setting of the first reference signal and the second reference signal more flexible.

[0120] Optionally, the first reference signal is a comb-like structure.

[0121] Here, by setting the first reference signal to a comb structure, the transmission power of the first reference signal can be reduced, making it easier to transmit within the linear region of the PA. For example, the first reference signal occupies L frequency units every N frequency units.

[0122] Optionally, the reference signal is a constant envelope signal or a non-constant envelope signal.

[0123] In this embodiment, when the reference signal is a constant envelope signal, the nonlinear characteristic information of a certain transmission power point can be estimated. When the reference signal is a non-constant envelope signal, the nonlinear characteristic information of the transmission power within a certain range can be estimated.

[0124] Optionally, transmitting the reference signal includes:

[0125] The reference signal is sent periodically;

[0126] Alternatively, the reference signal may be transmitted non-periodically;

[0127] Alternatively, the reference signal can be transmitted using a semi-static transmission method;

[0128] Alternatively, the reference signal may be sent based on the triggering event.

[0129] In this embodiment, the transmission period of the reference signal is determined by the transmitting end or the receiving end. The reference signal may be triggered by the transmitting end or by the receiving end.

[0130] For example, the transmitting end determines the transmission period based on the characteristics of nonlinear variations and the type of service. The receiving end determines the transmission period based on mobility, beam variation, decoding success rate, and other factors.

[0131] Optionally, the triggering event includes at least one of the following:

[0132] A1: The nonlinear characteristics of the transmitting or receiving end have caused the effective timer to fail.

[0133] This nonlinear characteristic validity timer is used to determine whether the obtained nonlinear characteristic is valid; it can be understood as the validity period of the nonlinear information. After the validity period ends, the latest nonlinear characteristic information is estimated based on the new reference signal.

[0134] A2: The time during which the transmitting end does not send a transmission signal is greater than the first threshold.

[0135] Here, if the time during which the transmitting end does not send a transmission signal exceeds the first threshold, the transmitting end is triggered to send a reference signal so that the receiving end can estimate the nonlinear feature information, thereby avoiding the use of nonlinear feature information with large errors by the receiving end after the nonlinear feature information changes significantly.

[0136] A3: The duration of the transmission signal sent by the sending end is greater than the second threshold.

[0137] Here, if the duration of the transmitted signal sent by the transmitting end is greater than the second threshold, the transmitting end is triggered to send a reference signal so that the receiving end can re-estimate the nonlinear feature information and reduce the impact of the memory effect on the nonlinear feature information.

[0138] A4: The change in the nonlinear state of the power amplifier PA is greater than the third threshold.

[0139] This nonlinear state can be caused by factors such as temperature and memory effects. Significant temperature changes will affect the nonlinear state of the PA. Changes in memory depth will also affect the nonlinear state of the PA.

[0140] A5: The bit error rate, retransmission rate, or non-acknowledgment (NACK) transmission rate at the receiving end is greater than the fourth threshold, or the data transmission accuracy, retransmission rate, or acknowledgment transmission rate at the receiving end is less than the fifth threshold.

[0141] Optionally, in this embodiment of the application, the triggering event corresponding to A5 may also be that the offset value of the bit error rate, retransmission rate or transmission rate of non-acknowledgment message NACK at the receiving end is greater than a preset threshold, or that the offset value of the data transmission accuracy, retransmission rate or transmission rate of acknowledgment message at the receiving end is greater than a preset threshold.

[0142] A6: The sending end needs to send transmission signals.

[0143] Before transmitting the transmission signal, a reference signal is sent first to facilitate the receiver in estimating the nonlinear characteristic information in order to receive the transmission signal.

[0144] A7: The sending end receives the scheduling information for transmitting the signal.

[0145] A8: Beam failure, beam recovery, beam switching, or PA switching occurred at the transmitting end.

[0146] Since different beams correspond to different power amplifiers, or different numbers of amplifiers, a transmission reference signal is triggered in the event of beam failure, beam recovery, or beam switching at the transmitting end, so that the receiving end can re-estimate the nonlinear characteristic information.

[0147] If the power amplifier is switched, the nonlinear state corresponding to different power amplifiers may be different. Therefore, it is necessary to inform the receiver of the new nonlinear characteristic information or retransmit the reference signal.

[0148] A9: A state switch has occurred at the sending end.

[0149] For example, switching from an idle state to a connected state, or from an inactive state to a connected state, or from a connected state to an idle state or an inactive state.

[0150] A10: Cell handover has occurred at the transmitting end.

[0151] When a cell handover occurs at the transmitting end, the characteristics of the power amplifier will change, therefore, the reference signal needs to be retransmitted.

[0152] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0153] Repeat the transmission of the reference signal;

[0154] Among the repeatedly transmitted reference signals, the reference signals at different resource locations correspond to different transmission parameters, and the transmission parameters include at least one of beam, transmission configuration indicator (TCI), power amplifier, and power amplifier set (PA set);

[0155] Alternatively, among the repeatedly transmitted reference signals, the transmission power of different reference signals corresponding to the same transmission parameter may be different.

[0156] The aforementioned resource locations include at least one of time-domain resource locations and frequency-domain resource locations.

[0157] Optionally, reference signals corresponding to different beams, TCIs, power amplifiers, or power amplifier sets can be transmitted in the same time domain.

[0158] Optionally, the difference in transmission power between different reference signals corresponding to the same transmission parameters can be determined by the transmitting end based on the characteristics of the power amplifier.

[0159] Optionally, the repeated transmission of the reference signal includes: after the reference signal is triggered, it is repeatedly transmitted K times, where K is a positive integer, and K is predefined by the protocol, or preconfigured by the network side or configured by the network side.

[0160] Optionally, the repeated transmission of the reference signal includes: transmitting it K times within one transmission cycle.

[0161] Optionally, the time-domain interval of the repeatedly transmitted reference signal is J time-domain units.

[0162] In this embodiment of the application, by repeatedly transmitting the reference signal, the receiver can be assisted in estimating the nonlinear characteristic information of the power amplifier at different operating points in the nonlinear region, and the receiver can also be assisted in estimating the nonlinear characteristic information of different power amplifiers at the transmitter.

[0163] Optionally, transmitting the reference signal includes:

[0164] The reference signal is transmitted on a first resource, which is associated with the resource transmitting the signal;

[0165] Alternatively, the reference signal may be transmitted on a second resource that is not associated with the resource from which the transmission signal is transmitted.

[0166] In this embodiment, the reference signal and the transmitted signal can be correlated. For example, the reference signal and the transmitted signal can be connected in the time domain, or the time domain interval can be fixed, or the time domain interval can be explicitly / implicitly indicated. Alternatively, they can be transmitted on the same resource. For example, in scenarios where the nonlinear characteristic changes rapidly, the reference signal and the transmitted signal can be transmitted on the same resource so that the receiving end can obtain the nonlinear characteristic information corresponding to the transmitted signal based on the reference signal. In this embodiment, the reference signal and the transmitted signal can also be transmitted on unrelated resources, that is, the transmission of the reference signal and the transmitted signal is independent of each other. For example, in scenarios where the nonlinear characteristic changes slowly, the reference signal can be transmitted periodically, regardless of how the transmitted signal is transmitted, so that the receiving end can periodically obtain the nonlinear characteristic information corresponding to the transmitting end based on the reference signal.

[0167] In this embodiment of the application, when the reference signal is transmitted periodically, the downlink reference signal can reuse the PSS, and the uplink reference signal can reuse the SRS.

[0168] When the reference signal and the transmitted signal are transmitted on the same resource, the reference signal can reuse the DMRS.

[0169] Optionally, in this embodiment, the sequence of the reference signal is related to the ID of the terminal.

[0170] Optionally, the frequency domain range of the reference signal is greater than the frequency domain range of the transmitted signal.

[0171] The frequency domain range indication method of the reference signal in the embodiments of this application includes at least one of the following:

[0172] B1: Indicated by the sender;

[0173] For example, the base station informs the terminal of the frequency range of the reference signal through control information.

[0174] B2: Indicated by the receiving end;

[0175] For example, the base station informs the terminal of the range within which the reference signal should be transmitted through scheduling information.

[0176] B3: Directly indicates the frequency range of the reference signal through a bitmap.

[0177] For example, a bitmap indicates on which Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs) reference signals are sent.

[0178] B4: Indirectly indicates the frequency range of the reference signal through the offset value.

[0179] This offset value indicates the deviation of the reference signal's frequency domain range from the signal's frequency domain range. For example, it indicates the offset of the reference signal's frequency domain range relative to the highest, center, or lowest point of the signal's frequency domain range. The unit of this offset value is one or more subcarriers, PRBs, Precoding Resource Block Groups (PRGs), Resource Block Groups (RBGs), Resource Block Sets (RB sets), or subbands.

[0180] Since the frequency domain range of the reference signal is larger than that of the transmitted signal, it can help the receiver estimate the interference caused by the spectral spread due to nonlinear characteristics.

[0181] Optionally, transmitting the reference signal includes:

[0182] Based on the first piece of information, determine the pattern of the reference signal;

[0183] The reference signal is transmitted according to the pattern of the reference signal.

[0184] In this embodiment, the pattern of the reference signal can be whether a reference signal is transmitted, or what pattern the reference signal is transmitted in. For example, the transmission type of the reference signal, or its time-frequency domain location.

[0185] In this embodiment, the pattern of the reference signal can be used to determine whether the reference signal is transmitted periodically or aperiodically, or whether the reference signal and the transmission signal are transmitted on the same resource.

[0186] The first information includes at least one of the following:

[0187] C1: Changes in the nonlinear state of the power amplifier at the transmitting end.

[0188] Specifically, the pattern of the reference signal is determined based on the rate or magnitude of change in the nonlinear state of the power amplifier at the transmitting end. For example, when the nonlinear state of the power amplifier at the transmitting end changes rapidly, the reference signal and the transmitted signal can be transmitted on the same resource or in a single transmission; this transmission method can also be described as in-path transmission.

[0189] C2: Scheduling-related information;

[0190] Optionally, the scheduling-related information includes at least one of the following:

[0191] The first item: the time domain location of the scheduled transmission.

[0192] For example, when a change in nonlinear characteristics occurs, if no reference signal for estimating the nonlinear characteristics was sent in the previous period of the scheduled transmission, then the accompanying reference signal is sent.

[0193] Second item: Uplink power control information.

[0194] For example, if the uplink power indicated by the base station falls in the linear region, no reference signal is transmitted; if it falls in the non-linear region, a reference signal is transmitted.

[0195] Third item: Business type;

[0196] For example, a reference signal is sent only for a specific business type.

[0197] Fourth item: The number of symbols;

[0198] For example, the accompanying reference signal can only be sent when the number of symbols exceeds a certain threshold.

[0199] Fifth item: Bandwidth;

[0200] For example, a reference signal or a path-dependent reference signal is only sent when the bandwidth exceeds a certain threshold.

[0201] Item 6: Modulation and coding scheme (MCS) or the adjustment method of MCS;

[0202] Item 7: Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) or Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio (ACLR) indicated by scheduling information.

[0203] For example, a reference signal or accompanying reference signal is only sent when the EVM requirement is below a certain threshold. Conversely, no reference signal or accompanying reference signal is sent when the ACLR requirement is below a certain threshold.

[0204] C3: Indication information, which is used to indicate the pattern of the reference signal.

[0205] C4: Type of transmitted signal.

[0206] Optionally, a reference signal is not transmitted when the transmitted signal is a target signal that includes at least one of the following:

[0207] SRS, PUCCH format 0, PUCCH format 2, SSB, TRS.

[0208] It's understandable that when the number of transmitted signal symbols is small, it's not suitable to simultaneously transmit an additional reference signal, as this would reduce transmission efficiency. Therefore, when transmitting the target signal, the transmitter can consider transmitting it in the linear region or transmitting a separate reference signal.

[0209] C5: Vector Amplitude Error (EVM) / Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio (ACLR) requirement.

[0210] For example, a reference signal or accompanying reference signal may be sent only when the EVM requirement is below a certain threshold. In this case, nonlinear characteristic information is needed to compensate for the nonlinear distortion of the transmitted signal, thereby reducing the EVM. Alternatively, if the ACLR requirement is below a certain threshold, no reference signal or accompanying reference signal may be sent. When the ACLR requirement is high, it is not suitable for the transmitter to perform transmission in the nonlinear region, therefore, it is not necessary to send a reference signal to estimate the nonlinear characteristic information.

[0211] The signal processing method of this application will be described below with reference to embodiments.

[0212] Example 1:

[0213] In some embodiments, the nonlinear characteristic information at the transmitting end changes slowly, therefore the receiving end does not need to acquire the nonlinear characteristic information in real time for data demodulation. Instead, it can perform data demodulation based on previously measured nonlinear characteristic information, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the process of this application embodiment includes:

[0214] Step 1: The transmitting end sends a reference signal.

[0215] The transmitting end can periodically send reference signals, or send reference signals in a semi-static manner, or send reference signals non-periodically.

[0216] Step 2: The receiver estimates the nonlinear characteristic information of the transmitter based on the reference signal sent by the transmitter.

[0217] Step 3: The receiver adjusts the PA model and other relevant receiving parameters used for data demodulation based on the estimated nonlinear characteristic information.

[0218] Step 4: The sending end sends the transmission signal.

[0219] Step 5: The receiving end determines whether the transmitted signal is transmitted in the nonlinear region. If it is transmitted in the nonlinear region, the received signal is demodulated based on the adjusted receiving parameters.

[0220] It is important to note that the steps in the above process can be arbitrarily changed or omitted. For example, the receiving end can adjust its receiving parameters only after determining that the transmission is in the nonlinear region. Alternatively, the receiving end may not need to determine whether the transmission is in the nonlinear region, or it may assume that all data received in the following period of time is in the nonlinear region after receiving the reference signal.

[0221] In other embodiments, if the nonlinear parameters of the transmitting end change rapidly, or if the transmitting end does not transmit a reference signal independent of the data, then in order to allow the receiving end to remove the nonlinear characteristics of the transmitted signal, the transmitting end transmits the reference signal along with the data signal, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the process includes:

[0222] Step 1: The transmitting end simultaneously sends a reference signal and a transmission signal;

[0223] Step 2: The receiving end determines whether the reference signal and the transmitted signal are transmitted in the nonlinear region;

[0224] Step 3: If the reference signal and the transmitted signal are transmitted in the nonlinear region, nonlinear characteristic information is estimated based on the reference signal, and then the PA model and other related receiving parameters used for data demodulation are adjusted.

[0225] Step 4: The receiving end demodulates the data based on nonlinear characteristic information or adjusted receiving parameters;

[0226] It should be noted that the steps in the above process may be changed or canceled at will.

[0227] Example 2:

[0228] In some embodiments, when the transmitting end transmits the transmission signal, it also transmits a reference signal along with the transmission information, thereby solving the problem of channel estimation and nonlinear characteristic estimation required for data demodulation, and enabling the power amplifier efficiency of the transmitting end to gain.

[0229] One possible implementation is:

[0230] During transmission, the transmitting end simultaneously transmits a first reference signal and a second reference signal. The first reference signal is used by the receiving end to estimate channel characteristic information, and the second reference signal is used by the receiving end to estimate the nonlinear characteristics of the power amplifier. Alternatively, it can be assumed that the reference signal only contains the first reference signal, and the second reference signal can be reused from an existing DMRS embedded in the transmitted signal, as shown in Figure 6. The design of the reference signal satisfies at least one of the following:

[0231] (1) When the first reference signal is transmitted, the PA is either operating in the linear region or not operating in the saturation region;

[0232] (2) The first reference signal is located at the first symbol and / or the last symbol of the PUSCH;

[0233] (3) The first symbol after the reference signal is a repetition of the first symbol of the transmitted signal. This repetition is used by the receiver for AGC processing.

[0234] (4) The symbol containing the reference signal has no data mapping;

[0235] (5) The second reference signal is located at the symbol where the transmitted signal is located;

[0236] When the second reference signal is located at the symbol of the transmitted signal to estimate the impact of the transmitted signal during communication, the second reference signal can reuse the existing DMRS design, for example, the transmission pattern of PUSCH DMRS can be reused during uplink transmission.

[0237] (6) When the transmitter sends the second reference signal, the PA operates in the saturation region / saturation point / 1dB compression point.

[0238] When the second reference signal is affected by the same factors as the transmitted signal during transmission, since the transmission information of the second reference signal is known, the nonlinear distortion (mainly power amplifier related) that the transmitted signal will be affected by can be obtained by removing the channel characteristic information estimated from the first reference signal and / or some other signal distortion information, thereby performing digital post-distortion and recovering the signal.

[0239] It should be noted that, Figure 6 The gap shown may exist, and when it does, it may be some time-domain unit that is not transmitted, such as 1 symbol, or it may be a repetition of the previous or next time-domain unit. Figure 6 The gap shown may also be non-existent, meaning that the reference signal and the transmitted signal are adjacent in the time domain.

[0240] Example 3:

[0241] In some embodiments, the transmitter periodically, semi-statically, or non-periodically, or triggered by the transmitter or receiver, transmits a reference signal, enabling the receiver to estimate the nonlinear state information of the transmitter's power amplifier (PA). This solves the problem of channel estimation and nonlinear characteristic estimation required for data demodulation, thereby increasing the efficiency of the transmitter's power amplifier.

[0242] One possible implementation is that the reference signal is transmitted independently. Specifically, such as... Figure 7As shown, independently transmitted reference signals can be periodically transmitted by the base station allocating periodic reference signal transmission resources to the terminal, or semi-static reference signal transmission triggered by the base station or terminal, or reference signal transmission triggered on demand by the base station or terminal. Here, on-demand triggering refers to triggering reference signal transmission based on a triggering event.

[0243] Optionally, the terminal requests the base station to allocate transmission resources for the reference signal via SR / BSR;

[0244] Optionally, the base station indicates the transmission resources of the reference signal via PDCCH;

[0245] Optionally, when scheduling uplink / downlink transmissions, the base station sends a second indication message to instruct the terminal to send a reference signal, or to indicate at which resource location the terminal should send the reference signal.

[0246] Optionally, the reference signal includes a first reference signal and a second reference signal, wherein the power of the first reference signal is lower than a first preset value, and the power of the second reference signal is higher than a second preset value.

[0247] Optionally, the first reference signal occupies K1 symbols, and the second reference signal occupies K2 symbols, for example, K1 = K2 = 1. For example, the terminal sends two SRS signals, with the first SRS signal serving as the first reference signal and the second SRS signal serving as the second reference signal.

[0248] Optionally, the first reference signal and the second reference signal are adjacent in the time domain.

[0249] Optionally, a gap is provided between the first reference signal and the second reference signal for AGC adjustment at the receiving end. The gap can be either no transmission, a repetition of the first reference signal, or a repetition of the second reference signal.

[0250] Another possible implementation is that the transmission of the reference signal is associated with other uplink transmissions:

[0251] When some uplink transmissions are sent in the linear region of the PA, the reference signal can be placed at the end of these uplink schedules and transmitted in the nonlinear region of the PA. With the channel estimation that must be done for these uplink transmissions, the nonlinear characteristics of the PA can be estimated based on the reference signal. This does not affect other uplink transmissions and also eliminates the need for additional scheduling by the base station, saving signaling overhead.

[0252] Optionally, the reference signal occupies the last symbol of the uplink schedule.

[0253] Optionally, repetition can be performed on the reference signal for AGC.

[0254] Optionally, a repetition can be performed on the last symbol of the uplink transmission for AGC.

[0255] Optionally, when scheduling uplink transmission, the base station sends a second indication message, instructing the terminal to simultaneously send a reference signal, or instructing the terminal to send the reference signal at a specific time domain position (symbol), or instructing the terminal to send the reference signal at the offset time-frequency domain position of the uplink transmission.

[0256] Optionally, when performing uplink transmission, the terminal sends a second indication message to indicate that the terminal also sends a reference signal, or to indicate at which time domain position (symbol) the terminal sends the reference signal.

[0257] Example 4:

[0258] In some embodiments, when the transmitter performs repetition transmission, or hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ)-acknowledgement (ACK) retransmission, or transmits known information of the receiver such as a reference signal independently, nonlinear feature estimation based on the known information can be considered without the need to send an additional reference signal.

[0259] In some embodiments, when transmitting known information at the receiving end, it may be considered not to transmit the second reference signal that is time-domain multiplexed with the transmitted signal, but only to transmit the first reference signal used for channel estimation.

[0260] In some embodiments, if the channel conditions change slowly, it may be considered not to transmit a separate first reference signal for channel estimation, but instead to allow the receiver to utilize previously obtained channel estimation characteristics.

[0261] In some embodiments, the periodically transmitted reference signal, such as the SSB, is only transmitted additionally at certain predefined or pre-configured periodic locations. For example, the SSB locations where the reference signal is transmitted additionally are for use by the UE when it detects the SSB for the first time. Subsequently, since the PSS and SSS sequences of the SSB are known, the terminal can obtain channel characteristic information and / or nonlinear characteristics through the known sequences. In some embodiments, the PSS or SSS is transmitted in the linear region, and the PBCH is transmitted in the nonlinear region.

[0262] In some embodiments, the signal memory characteristics at the transmitting end are not significant. The receiving end can simultaneously estimate the signal characteristics and nonlinear characteristics using a reference signal, and then use the receiving end's algorithm to recover the data. In this case, the transmitting end needs to inform the receiving end in advance, or the receiving end can make a judgment based on the pattern of the reference signal.

[0263] In some sub-implementations, the transmitting end informs the receiving end of the reference signal pattern in advance, or indicates which part of the reference signal to send or whether to send the relevant reference signal.

[0264] Example 5:

[0265] Whether the PA (Power Amplifier) ​​is located in the linear region determines whether the transmitted signal has non-linear distortion, and the presence of signal distortion also affects the data demodulation at the receiving end. This means that if the receiving end wants to correctly demodulate the data, it needs to know whether the signal is distorted, which is equivalent to knowing whether the transmission is performed in the linear region or the non-linear region. Figure 8 As shown. Therefore, before decoding the data, the receiving end needs to determine whether the received signal has nonlinear characteristics, that is, whether the received signal was sent by the transmitting end in the nonlinear region of the PA.

[0266] One possible implementation is that the transmitter instructs the receiver in advance whether to transmit in the non-linear region;

[0267] When transmitting control information (e.g., PDCCH), the transmitting end (e.g., base station) may indicate whether the data channel is being transmitted in a non-linear region, or implicitly indicate whether the data channel is being transmitted in a non-linear region by indicating the associated reference signal pattern.

[0268] The associated reference signal pattern can be a reference signal pattern carried during data channel transmission, such as whether there are two reference signals with different powers, or the location of the reference signals.

[0269] The associated reference signal pattern can also be control information indicating whether the sending end sent an additional reference signal before data transmission.

[0270] Obviously, the receiving end can determine in advance whether the transmitting end is transmitting in the nonlinear region, and thus select an appropriate signal demodulation method to demodulate the data.

[0271] Another possible implementation is: the receiver schedules whether the transmitter transmits in the non-linear region;

[0272] Since the uplink transmission of the terminal is scheduled by the base station, the base station can directly instruct the terminal to perform transmission in the non-linear region or the linear region.

[0273] At this point, there are two possibilities:

[0274] In some embodiments, the base station understands the PA characteristics of the terminal, such as the power boundary between the linear and nonlinear regions. In this case, the uplink transmission power of the terminal can be controlled within the linear or nonlinear regions through uplink power control.

[0275] In some embodiments, if the base station does not know the PA characteristics of the terminal, it only instructs the terminal whether to perform transmission in the non-linear region or the linear region, or whether to allow the terminal to transmit in the non-linear region.

[0276] Another possible implementation is that the receiver detects whether the transmitter is transmitting in the non-linear region;

[0277] The receiver can determine whether the transmitter is transmitting in a non-linear region by detecting certain signals or symbols with lower power than others. This allows the receiver to assume the transmitter is transmitting in a non-linear region. Since the transmission carries a lower-power reference signal, the channel can be estimated separately for proper data demodulation.

[0278] In the embodiments of this application, the receiving end can obtain the operating state and corresponding nonlinear characteristics of the transmitting end PA through a reference signal, thereby removing nonlinear interference in the received signal and achieving correct decoding. This scheme allows digital post-distortion technology to be applied to the receiving end, thereby achieving energy saving at the transmitting end.

[0279] like Figure 9 As shown in the embodiments of this application, a signal processing method is also provided, executed by a receiving end, the method comprising:

[0280] Step 901: Receive a reference signal, which is used to assist the receiver in estimating the transmission characteristic information of the received transmitted signal.

[0281] In this embodiment of the application, the sending end is a terminal or a network-side device, and the network-side device may be a base station.

[0282] In this step, the transmitting end sends a reference signal to the receiving end so that the receiving end can estimate the transmission characteristic information of the transmitted signal sent by the transmitting end based on the reference signal.

[0283] The receiving end can be a terminal or a network-side device. For example, the sending end is a terminal and the receiving end is a terminal; or, the sending end is a terminal and the receiving end is a base station; or, the sending end is a base station and the receiving end is a terminal.

[0284] Step 902: Perform reception processing on the transmitted signal according to the transmission characteristic information of the transmitted signal.

[0285] The receiving process here includes selecting an appropriate signal demodulation method to demodulate the transmitted signal.

[0286] Optionally, the transmission signal includes at least one of a reference signal, a data signal, and a control signal.

[0287] Optionally, the reference signal includes at least one of the following:

[0288] Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS);

[0289] Sounding Reference Signal (SRS);

[0290] Synchronization Signal and PBCH block (SSB);

[0291] Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS);

[0292] Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS);

[0293] Tracking Reference Signal (TRS);

[0294] Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PTRS);

[0295] Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS).

[0296] In this embodiment of the application, a reference signal is received, which is used to assist the receiving end in estimating the transmission characteristic information of the received transmission signal; based on the transmission characteristic information of the transmission signal, the transmission signal is processed to compensate for the distortion of the received transmission signal, thereby effectively ensuring the consistency between the signal sent by the transmitting end and the signal received by the receiving end.

[0297] Optionally, the transmitted signal is processed for reception based on its transmission characteristic information, including:

[0298] If it is determined from the second information that the transmitted signal is transmitted in a nonlinear state of the power amplifier, the transmitted signal is received and processed according to the transmission characteristic information of the transmitted signal.

[0299] The second information includes at least one of the following:

[0300] The first item: control information for receiving signals, the control information being used to indicate whether the transmitted signal is sent in the nonlinear state.

[0301] The second item: the pattern of the reference signal, wherein the pattern of the reference signal is related to whether the transmitted signal is in the nonlinear state.

[0302] Optionally, the pattern of the reference signal is determined according to at least one of the following:

[0303] (1) Pattern indication information of the reference signal;

[0304] For example, the pattern indicating information is control information, and the pattern of the reference signal is indicated by the control information;

[0305] (2) Power information of the symbol.

[0306] For example, the pattern of the reference signal can be determined by whether a low-power symbol is received.

[0307] (3) Sequence detection information.

[0308] Optionally, in the Ath symbol detection sequence, it is determined whether it is a reference signal. If it is a reference signal, it is assumed that the transmitter is transmitting in the linear region or in a nonlinear region.

[0309] The third item: uplink transmission scheduling information, which includes whether the transmission signal is sent in the nonlinear state;

[0310] Fourth item: Power information of the transmitted signal.

[0311] The power information of the transmitted signal includes at least one of the following:

[0312] Are there different receiving powers within the range of the received signal?

[0313] Information on whether the received power is greater than a preset threshold.

[0314] Fifth item: Repeated transmission of information in the transmission signal.

[0315] The receiver determines the target symbol based on whether it receives repeated transmissions of the target symbol, i.e., based on whether AGC exists. The target symbol can be the first or last symbol of the transmitted signal.

[0316] In this embodiment of the application, the receiving end determines whether the transmitted signal is sent in the nonlinear state of the power amplifier based on the aforementioned second information.

[0317] Optionally, the reference signal includes at least one of the following:

[0318] First reference signal;

[0319] Second reference signal;

[0320] The first reference signal is used to assist the receiver in estimating the channel characteristic information of the transmitted signal;

[0321] The second reference signal is used to assist the receiver in estimating the nonlinear characteristic information of the transmitted signal.

[0322] Optionally, the nonlinear characteristic information is the nonlinear state of the power amplifier associated with the transmitted signal.

[0323] Optionally, the first reference signal is sent when the power amplifier is in a linear state;

[0324] The second reference signal is sent when the power amplifier is in a nonlinear state.

[0325] Optionally, the method in this application embodiment further includes:

[0326] Obtain first indication information, which is used to indicate a first difference between the transmission power of the first reference signal and the transmission power of the second reference signal, or to indicate a second difference between the energy EPR on each resource element corresponding to the first reference signal and the EPR corresponding to the second reference signal, or to indicate a third difference between the transmission bandwidth of the first reference signal and the transmission bandwidth of the second reference signal, or to indicate the absolute value of the transmission power of the first reference signal or the absolute value of the transmission power of the second reference signal, or to indicate the absolute value of the EPR corresponding to the first reference signal or the absolute value of the EPR corresponding to the second reference signal, or to indicate the absolute value of the transmission bandwidth of the first reference signal or the absolute value of the transmission bandwidth of the second reference signal.

[0327] Optionally, the first reference signal and the second reference signal are spaced apart by K time units, where K is an integer.

[0328] Optionally, the first reference signal and the second reference signal satisfy at least one of the following:

[0329] The bandwidth of the first reference signal is less than the bandwidth of the second reference signal;

[0330] The time domain position corresponding to the first reference signal is different from the time domain position corresponding to the second reference signal;

[0331] The sequence corresponding to the first reference signal is different from the sequence corresponding to the second reference signal.

[0332] Optionally, the first reference signal is a comb-like structure.

[0333] Optionally, the reference signal is a constant envelope signal or a non-constant envelope signal.

[0334] Optionally, the received reference signal includes:

[0335] The reference signal is received periodically;

[0336] Alternatively, the reference signal may be received non-periodically;

[0337] Alternatively, the reference signal can be received using a semi-static transmission method;

[0338] Alternatively, the reference signal may be received based on a triggering event.

[0339] Optionally, the triggering event includes at least one of the following:

[0340] The nonlinear characteristics of the transmitting or receiving end cause the effective timer to fail;

[0341] The time during which the transmitting end does not send a transmission signal exceeds the first threshold;

[0342] The duration of the transmission signal sent by the transmitting end is greater than the second threshold;

[0343] The change in the nonlinear state of the power amplifier PA is greater than the third threshold.

[0344] The bit error rate, retransmission rate, or non-acknowledgment (NACK) transmission rate at the receiving end is greater than the fourth threshold; or the data transmission accuracy rate, retransmission rate, or acknowledgment transmission rate at the receiving end is less than the fifth threshold.

[0345] The sending end needs to send transmission signals;

[0346] The sending end receives the scheduling information for transmitting the signal;

[0347] The transmitting end experiences beam failure, beam recovery, beam switching, or power amplifier switching.

[0348] A state switch occurs at the sending end;

[0349] Cell handover occurred at the transmitting end.

[0350] It should be noted that the aforementioned reference signal has been described in detail in the method embodiments on the transmitting end side, and will not be repeated here. Furthermore, the interaction process between the transmitting end and the receiving end has been described in detail in the method embodiments on the transmitting end, and will not be repeated here.

[0351] In this embodiment of the application, a reference signal is received, which is used to assist the receiving end in estimating the transmission characteristic information of the received transmission signal; based on the transmission characteristic information of the transmission signal, the transmission signal is processed to reduce the distortion of the received transmission signal, thereby effectively ensuring the consistency between the signal sent by the transmitting end and the signal received by the receiving end.

[0352] The signal transmission method provided in this application can be executed by a signal transmission device. This application uses an example of a signal transmission device executing the signal transmission method to illustrate the signal transmission device provided in this application.

[0353] The signal processing method provided in this application can be executed by a signal processing device. This application uses an example of a signal processing device executing the signal processing method to illustrate the signal processing device provided in this application.

[0354] This application provides a signal transmission device or signal processing device. As an example, the device may be a communication device or a component within a communication device, such as a chip. The communication device may be a terminal, a network-side device, or a server, etc. Exemplarily, the terminal may include, but is not limited to, the type of terminal 11 listed above, and the network-side device may include, but is not limited to, the type of network-side device 12 listed above. This application does not impose specific limitations.

[0355] A signal transmission or signal processing device includes a receiving module, a transmitting module, and a processing module. These modules can be implemented in software or hardware. When implemented in hardware, the processing module can be implemented by a processor. For example, the processor can include general-purpose processors, special-purpose processors, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU), microprocessor, Digital Signal Processor (DSP), Artificial Intelligence (AI) processor, Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), Network Processor (NP), Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, gate circuits, transistors, discrete hardware components, etc. The receiving and transmitting modules can be implemented by a communication interface, which can include one or more of the following: transceiver, pins, circuits, bus, radio frequency unit, etc.

[0356] For details, see Figure 10 When the signal transmission device is a terminal or a component within a terminal, or when it is a network-side device or a component within a network-side device, the signal transmission device 1000 includes: Figure 10 As shown in the figure, this application embodiment also provides a signal transmission device, including:

[0357] The first transmitting module 1001 is used to transmit a reference signal, which is used to estimate the transmission characteristic information of the transmitted signal.

[0358] Optionally, the reference signal includes at least one of the following:

[0359] First reference signal;

[0360] Second reference signal;

[0361] The first reference signal is used to estimate the channel characteristic information of the transmitted signal;

[0362] The second reference signal is used to estimate the nonlinear characteristics of the transmitted signal.

[0363] Optionally, the nonlinear characteristic information of the transmitted signal is the nonlinear state of the power amplifier associated with the transmitted signal.

[0364] Optionally, the first reference signal is transmitted when the power amplifier at the transmitting end is in a linear state;

[0365] The second reference signal is transmitted when the power amplifier at the transmitting end is in a nonlinear state.

[0366] Optionally, the apparatus in this application embodiment further includes:

[0367] The second transmitting module is configured to transmit first indication information, wherein the first indication information is configured to indicate a first difference between the transmission power of the first reference signal and the transmission power of the second reference signal, or to indicate a second difference between the energy EPR on each resource element corresponding to the first reference signal and the EPR corresponding to the second reference signal, or to indicate a third difference between the transmission bandwidth of the first reference signal and the transmission bandwidth of the second reference signal, or to indicate the absolute value of the transmission power of the first reference signal or the absolute value of the transmission power of the second reference signal, or to indicate the absolute value of the EPR corresponding to the first reference signal or the absolute value of the EPR corresponding to the second reference signal, or to indicate the absolute value of the transmission bandwidth of the first reference signal or the absolute value of the transmission bandwidth of the second reference signal.

[0368] Optionally, the first reference signal and the second reference signal are spaced apart by K time units, where K is an integer.

[0369] Optionally, the first reference signal and the second reference signal satisfy at least one of the following:

[0370] The bandwidth of the first reference signal is less than the bandwidth of the second reference signal;

[0371] The time domain position corresponding to the first reference signal is different from the time domain position corresponding to the second reference signal;

[0372] The sequence corresponding to the first reference signal is different from the sequence corresponding to the second reference signal.

[0373] Optionally, the first reference signal is a comb-like structure.

[0374] Optionally, the reference signal is a constant envelope signal or a non-constant envelope signal.

[0375] Optionally, the first sending module is used to:

[0376] The reference signal is sent periodically;

[0377] Alternatively, the reference signal may be transmitted non-periodically;

[0378] Alternatively, the reference signal can be transmitted using a semi-static transmission method;

[0379] Alternatively, the reference signal may be sent based on the triggering event.

[0380] Optionally, the triggering event includes at least one of the following:

[0381] The nonlinear characteristics of the transmitting or receiving end cause the effective timer to fail;

[0382] The time during which the transmitting end does not send a transmission signal exceeds the first threshold;

[0383] The duration of the transmission signal sent by the transmitting end is greater than the second threshold;

[0384] The change in the nonlinear state of the power amplifier PA is greater than the third threshold.

[0385] The bit error rate, retransmission rate, or non-acknowledgment (NACK) transmission rate at the receiving end is greater than the fourth threshold; or the data transmission accuracy rate, retransmission rate, or acknowledgment transmission rate at the receiving end is less than the fifth threshold.

[0386] The sending end needs to send transmission signals;

[0387] The sending end receives the scheduling information for transmitting the signal;

[0388] The transmitting end experiences beam failure, beam recovery, beam switching, or power amplifier switching.

[0389] A state switch occurs at the sending end;

[0390] Cell handover occurred at the transmitting end.

[0391] Optionally, the device further includes:

[0392] The third transmitting module is used to repeatedly transmit the reference signal;

[0393] Among the repeatedly transmitted reference signals, reference signals at different resource locations correspond to different transmission parameters, and the transmission parameters include at least one of beam, transmission configuration indicator (TCI), power amplifier, and power amplifier set.

[0394] Alternatively, among the repeatedly transmitted reference signals, the transmission power of different reference signals corresponding to the same transmission parameter may be different.

[0395] Optionally, the first transmitting module is configured to transmit the reference signal on a first resource, the first resource being associated with the resource transmitting the signal;

[0396] Alternatively, the reference signal may be transmitted on a second resource that is not associated with the resource from which the transmission signal is transmitted.

[0397] Optionally, the frequency domain range of the reference signal is greater than the frequency domain range of the transmitted signal.

[0398] Optionally, the first sending module is used to:

[0399] Based on the first piece of information, determine the pattern of the reference signal;

[0400] Based on the pattern of the reference signal, a reference signal is transmitted;

[0401] The first information includes at least one of the following:

[0402] Changes in the nonlinear state of the power amplifier at the transmitting end;

[0403] Scheduling-related information;

[0404] The second indication information is used to indicate the pattern of the reference signal;

[0405] The type of transmitted signal;

[0406] Vector amplitude error (EVM) or adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) requirements.

[0407] Optionally, the scheduling-related information includes at least one of the following:

[0408] The time-domain location of the scheduled transmission;

[0409] Uplink power control information;

[0410] Business type;

[0411] The number of symbols;

[0412] bandwidth;

[0413] Modulation coding scheme (MCS) or MCS adjustment method;

[0414] The scheduling information indicates the vector amplitude error EVM / adjacent channel leakage ratio ACLR.

[0415] Optionally, the reference signal includes at least one of the following:

[0416] Demodulation reference signal DMRS;

[0417] Detection Reference Signal (SRS);

[0418] Synchronization Signal / Physical Broadcast Channel Signal Block (SSB);

[0419] Master synchronization signal PSS;

[0420] Auxiliary synchronization signal SSS;

[0421] Tracking reference signal TRS;

[0422] Phase tracking reference signal PTRS;

[0423] Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS)

[0424] See Figure 11 When the information processing device is a terminal or a component in a terminal, or a network-side device or a component in a network-side device, the information processing device 1100 includes: a first receiving module 1101, used to receive a reference signal, the reference signal being used to assist the receiving end in estimating the transmission characteristic information of the received transmission signal;

[0425] The processing module 1102 is used to receive and process the transmission signal according to the transmission characteristic information of the transmission signal.

[0426] Optionally, the processing module is used for:

[0427] If it is determined from the second information that the transmitted signal is transmitted in a nonlinear state of the power amplifier, the transmitted signal is received and processed according to the transmission characteristic information of the transmitted signal.

[0428] The second information includes at least one of the following:

[0429] Control information for receiving signals, wherein the control information is used to indicate whether the transmitted signal is sent in the nonlinear state;

[0430] The pattern of the reference signal, wherein the pattern of the reference signal is related to the transmitted signal in the nonlinear state;

[0431] Uplink transmission scheduling information, the uplink transmission scheduling information including whether the transmission signal is sent in the nonlinear state;

[0432] Power information of the transmitted signal.

[0433] Repeated transmission of information in the transmission signal.

[0434] Optionally, the reference signal includes at least one of the following:

[0435] First reference signal;

[0436] Second reference signal;

[0437] The first reference signal is used to assist the receiver in estimating the channel characteristic information of the transmitted signal;

[0438] The second reference signal is used to assist the receiver in estimating the nonlinear characteristic information of the transmitted signal.

[0439] Optionally, the nonlinear characteristic information is the nonlinear state of the power amplifier associated with the transmitted signal.

[0440] Optionally, the first reference signal is sent when the power amplifier is in a linear state;

[0441] The second reference signal is sent when the power amplifier is in a nonlinear state.

[0442] Optionally, the apparatus in this application embodiment further includes:

[0443] The second receiving module is configured to acquire first indication information, wherein the first indication information is configured to indicate a first difference between the transmission power of the first reference signal and the transmission power of the second reference signal, or to indicate a second difference between the energy EPR on each resource element corresponding to the first reference signal and the EPR corresponding to the second reference signal, or to indicate a third difference between the transmission bandwidth of the first reference signal and the transmission bandwidth of the second reference signal, or to indicate the absolute value of the transmission power of the first reference signal or the absolute value of the transmission power of the second reference signal, or to indicate the absolute value of the EPR corresponding to the first reference signal or the absolute value of the EPR corresponding to the second reference signal, or to indicate the absolute value of the transmission bandwidth of the first reference signal or the absolute value of the transmission bandwidth of the second reference signal.

[0444] Optionally, the first reference signal and the second reference signal are spaced apart by K time units, where K is an integer.

[0445] Optionally, the first reference signal and the second reference signal satisfy at least one of the following:

[0446] The bandwidth of the first reference signal is less than the bandwidth of the second reference signal;

[0447] The time domain position corresponding to the first reference signal is different from the time domain position corresponding to the second reference signal;

[0448] The sequence corresponding to the first reference signal is different from the sequence corresponding to the second reference signal.

[0449] Optionally, the first reference signal is a comb structure.

[0450] Optionally, the reference signal is a constant envelope signal or a non-constant envelope signal.

[0451] Optionally, the first receiving module is configured to:

[0452] The reference signal is received periodically;

[0453] Alternatively, the reference signal may be received non-periodically;

[0454] Alternatively, the reference signal can be received using a semi-static transmission method;

[0455] Alternatively, the reference signal may be received based on a triggering event.

[0456] Optionally, the triggering event includes at least one of the following:

[0457] The nonlinear characteristics of the transmitting or receiving end cause the effective timer to fail;

[0458] The time during which the transmitting end does not send a transmission signal exceeds the first threshold;

[0459] The duration of the transmission signal sent by the transmitting end is greater than the second threshold;

[0460] The change in the nonlinear state of the power amplifier PA is greater than the third threshold.

[0461] The bit error rate, retransmission rate, or non-acknowledgment (NACK) transmission rate at the receiving end is greater than the fourth threshold; or the data transmission accuracy rate, retransmission rate, or acknowledgment transmission rate at the receiving end is less than the fifth threshold.

[0462] The sending end needs to send transmission signals;

[0463] The sending end receives the scheduling information for transmitting the signal;

[0464] The transmitting end experiences beam failure, beam recovery, beam switching, or power amplifier switching.

[0465] A state switch occurs at the sending end;

[0466] Cell handover occurred at the transmitting end.

[0467] In this embodiment of the application, the transmitting end transmits a reference signal, which is used to estimate the transmission characteristic information of the transmitted signal, so that the receiving end can estimate the transmission characteristic information of the transmitted signal based on the reference signal. This facilitates the receiving end to perform corresponding reception processing on the transmitted signal based on the transmission characteristic information, thereby reducing the distortion of the received transmitted signal and effectively ensuring the consistency between the signal transmitted by the transmitting end and the signal received by the receiving end.

[0468] The signal transmission device provided in this application embodiment can achieve... Figures 3 to 8 The various processes implemented in the method embodiments achieve the same technical effect, and will not be described again here to avoid repetition.

[0469] The signal processing device provided in this application embodiment can achieve... Figure 9 The various processes implemented in the method embodiments achieve the same technical effect, and will not be described again here to avoid repetition.

[0470] like Figure 12 As shown, this application embodiment also provides a communication device 1200, including a processor 1201 and a memory 1202. The memory 1202 stores a program or instructions that can run on the processor 1201. For example, when the communication device 1200 is a terminal or a network-side device, when the program or instructions are executed by the processor 1201, they implement the various steps of the above-described signal transmission method or signal processing method embodiments and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0471] This application embodiment also provides a terminal, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement, for example... Figure 3 or Figure 9 The steps in the method embodiment shown are illustrated. This terminal embodiment corresponds to the above-described sending-end side method embodiment. All implementation processes and methods of the above method embodiments can be applied to this terminal embodiment and achieve the same technical effect. The terminal can be... Figure 10 The signal transmission device shown or Figure 11 The signal processing device shown. Specifically, Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a terminal to implement an embodiment of this application.

[0472] The terminal 1300 includes, but is not limited to, at least some of the following components: radio frequency unit 1301, network module 1302, audio output unit 1303, input unit 1304, sensor 1305, display unit 1306, user input unit 1307, interface unit 1308, memory 1309, and processor 1310.

[0473] Those skilled in the art will understand that the terminal 1300 may also include a power supply (such as a battery) for supplying power to various components. The power supply may be logically connected to the processor 1310 through a power management system, thereby enabling functions such as managing charging, discharging, and power consumption through the power management system. Figure 13 The terminal structure shown does not constitute a limitation on the terminal. The terminal may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements, which will not be elaborated here.

[0474] It should be understood that, in this embodiment, the input unit 1304 may include a graphics processor 13041 and a microphone 13042. The graphics processor 13041 processes image data of still images or videos obtained by an image capture device (such as a camera) in video capture mode or image capture mode. The display unit 1306 may include a display panel 13061, which may be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display, an organic light-emitting diode, or the like. The user input unit 1307 includes a touch panel 13071 and at least one of other input devices 13072. The touch panel 13071 is also called a touch screen. The touch panel 13071 may include a touch detection device and a touch controller. Other input devices 13072 may include, but are not limited to, physical keyboards, function keys (such as volume control buttons, power buttons, etc.), trackballs, mice, and joysticks, which will not be described in detail here.

[0475] In this embodiment, after receiving downlink data from the network-side device, the radio frequency unit 1301 can transmit it to the processor 1310 for processing; in addition, the radio frequency unit 1301 can send uplink data to the network-side device. Typically, the radio frequency unit 1301 includes, but is not limited to, antennas, amplifiers, transceivers, couplers, low-noise amplifiers, duplexers, etc.

[0476] The memory 1309 can be used to store software programs or instructions, as well as various data. The memory 1309 may primarily include a first storage area for storing programs or instructions and a second storage area for storing data. The first storage area may store the operating system, application programs or instructions required for at least one function (such as sound playback, image playback, etc.). Furthermore, the memory 1309 may include volatile memory or non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory may be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDRSDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct memory bus RAM (DRRAM). The memory 1309 in this embodiment includes, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0477] Processor 1310 may include one or more processing units; optionally, processor 1310 integrates an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor mainly handles operations involving the operating system, user interface, and applications, and the modem processor mainly handles wireless communication signals, such as a baseband processor. It is understood that the aforementioned modem processor may also not be integrated into processor 1310.

[0478] In some embodiments, the radio frequency unit 1301 is used to transmit a reference signal, which is used to estimate the transmission characteristic information of the transmitted signal.

[0479] In this embodiment of the application, a reference signal is transmitted. The reference signal is used to estimate the transmission characteristic information of the transmitted signal, so that the receiving end can estimate the transmission characteristic information of the transmitted signal according to the reference signal. This facilitates the receiving end to perform corresponding reception processing on the transmitted signal based on the transmission characteristic information, thereby reducing the distortion of the received transmitted signal and effectively ensuring the consistency between the signal transmitted by the sending end and the signal received by the receiving end.

[0480] In some embodiments, the radio frequency unit 1301 is used to receive a reference signal, which is used to assist the receiver in estimating the transmission characteristic information of the received transmission signal; the processor 1310 is used to perform reception processing on the transmission signal according to the transmission characteristic information of the transmission signal.

[0481] In this embodiment of the application, a reference signal is received, which is used to assist the receiving end in estimating the transmission characteristic information of the received transmission signal; based on the transmission characteristic information of the transmission signal, the transmission signal is processed to reduce the distortion of the received transmission signal, thereby effectively ensuring the consistency between the signal sent by the transmitting end and the signal received by the receiving end.

[0482] It is understood that the implementation process of each implementation method mentioned in this embodiment can refer to the relevant description of the signal processing method or signal transmission method in the method embodiment, and achieve the same or corresponding technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0483] This application embodiment also provides a network-side device, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement, for example... Figure 3 or Figure 9 The steps of the method embodiment shown are illustrated. This network-side device embodiment corresponds to the above-described receiving end method embodiment. All implementation processes and methods of the above-described method embodiments can be applied to this network-side device embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect.

[0484] Specifically, embodiments of this application also provide a network-side device, which can be... Figure 11 The signal processing device shown or Figure 10 The signal transmission device shown. (e.g.) Figure 14As shown, the network-side device 1400 includes: an antenna 141, a radio frequency (RF) device 142, a baseband device 143, a processor 144, and a memory 145. The antenna 141 is connected to the RF device 142. In the uplink direction, the RF device 142 receives information through the antenna 141 and transmits the received information to the baseband device 143 for processing. In the downlink direction, the baseband device 143 processes the information to be transmitted and sends it to the RF device 142. The RF device 142 processes the received information and transmits it through the antenna 141.

[0485] The methods executed by the receiving end or the transmitting end in the above embodiments can be implemented in the baseband device 143, which includes a baseband processor.

[0486] Baseband device 143 may include, for example, at least one baseband board on which multiple chips are disposed, such as Figure 14 As shown, one of the chips is, for example, a baseband processor, which is connected to the memory 145 via a bus interface to call the program in the memory 145 and execute the network device operation shown in the above method embodiment.

[0487] The network-side device may also include a network interface 146, such as a Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI).

[0488] Specifically, the network-side device 1400 in this application embodiment further includes: instructions or programs stored in memory 145 and executable on processor 144, wherein processor 144 calls the instructions or programs in memory 145 to execute. Figure 10 or Figure 11 The methods executed by each module shown achieve the same technical effect, and to avoid repetition, they will not be described in detail here.

[0489] This application also provides a readable storage medium storing a program or instructions. When the program or instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the various processes of the above-described signal transmission method or signal processing method embodiments and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, further details are omitted here.

[0490] The processor mentioned above is the processor in the terminal described in the above embodiments. The readable storage medium includes computer-readable storage media, such as computer read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk, or optical disk. In some examples, the readable storage medium may be a non-transient readable storage medium.

[0491] This application embodiment also provides a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is coupled to the processor. The processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the various processes of the above-described signal transmission method or signal processing method embodiments and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0492] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of this application may also be referred to as a system-on-a-chip, system chip, chip system, or system-on-a-chip, etc.

[0493] This application also provides a computer program / program product, which is stored in a storage medium and executed by at least one processor to implement the various processes of the above-described signal transmission method or signal processing method embodiments, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0494] This application also provides a wireless communication system, including: a transmitter and a receiver, wherein the transmitter can be used to perform the steps of the signal transmission method described above, and the receiver can be used to perform the steps of the signal processing method described above.

[0495] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0496] From the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of computer software products plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, they can also be implemented by hardware. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc.) and includes several instructions to cause the terminal or network-side device to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0497] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other implementations under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims. All of these implementations are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A signal transmission method, executed by a transmitting end, characterized in that, The method includes: A reference signal is transmitted, which is used to estimate the transmission characteristic information of the transmitted signal.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reference signal includes at least one of the following: First reference signal; Second reference signal; The first reference signal is used to estimate the channel characteristic information of the transmitted signal; The second reference signal is used to estimate the nonlinear characteristics of the transmitted signal.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The nonlinear characteristic information of the transmitted signal is the nonlinear state information of the power amplifier associated with the transmitted signal.

4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The first reference signal is transmitted when the power amplifier at the transmitting end is in a linear state; The second reference signal is transmitted when the power amplifier at the transmitting end is in a nonlinear state.

5. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that, Also includes: Send first indication information, which is used to indicate a first difference between the transmission power of the first reference signal and the transmission power of the second reference signal, or to indicate a second difference between the energy EPR on each resource element corresponding to the first reference signal and the EPR corresponding to the second reference signal, or to indicate a third difference between the transmission bandwidth of the first reference signal and the transmission bandwidth of the second reference signal, or to indicate the absolute value of the transmission power of the first reference signal or the absolute value of the transmission power of the second reference signal, or to indicate the absolute value of the EPR corresponding to the first reference signal or the absolute value of the EPR corresponding to the second reference signal, or to indicate the absolute value of the transmission bandwidth of the first reference signal or the absolute value of the transmission bandwidth of the second reference signal.

6. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that, The first reference signal and the second reference signal are spaced apart by K time units, where K is an integer.

7. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that, The first reference signal and the second reference signal satisfy at least one of the following: The bandwidth of the first reference signal is less than the bandwidth of the second reference signal; The time domain position corresponding to the first reference signal is different from the time domain position corresponding to the second reference signal; The sequence corresponding to the first reference signal is different from the sequence corresponding to the second reference signal.

8. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that, The first reference signal is a comb-shaped structure.

9. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that, The reference signal is either a constant envelope signal or a non-constant envelope signal.

10. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that, The transmission of the reference signal includes: The reference signal is sent periodically; Alternatively, the reference signal may be transmitted non-periodically; Alternatively, the reference signal can be transmitted using a semi-static transmission method; Alternatively, the reference signal may be sent based on the triggering event.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The triggering event includes at least one of the following: The nonlinear characteristics of the transmitting or receiving end cause the effective timer to fail; The time during which the transmitting end does not send a transmission signal exceeds the first threshold; The duration of the transmission signal sent by the transmitting end is greater than the second threshold; The change in the nonlinear state of the power amplifier PA is greater than the third threshold. The bit error rate, retransmission rate, or non-acknowledgment (NACK) transmission rate at the receiving end is greater than the fourth threshold; or the data transmission accuracy rate, retransmission rate, or acknowledgment transmission rate at the receiving end is less than the fifth threshold. The sending end needs to send transmission signals; The sending end receives the scheduling information for transmitting the signal; The transmitting end experiences beam failure, beam recovery, beam switching, or power amplifier switching. A state switch occurs at the sending end; Cell handover occurred at the transmitting end.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The method further includes: Repeat the transmission of the reference signal; Among the repeatedly transmitted reference signals, reference signals at different resource locations correspond to different transmission parameters, and the transmission parameters include at least one of beam, transmission configuration indicator (TCI), power amplifier, and power amplifier set. Alternatively, among the repeatedly transmitted reference signals, the transmission power of different reference signals corresponding to the same transmission parameter may be different.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, The transmission of the reference signal includes: The reference signal is transmitted on a first resource, which is associated with the resource transmitting the signal; Alternatively, the reference signal may be transmitted on a second resource that is not associated with the resource from which the transmission signal is transmitted.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that, The frequency domain range of the reference signal is greater than that of the transmitted signal.

15. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that, The transmission of the reference signal includes: Based on the first piece of information, determine the pattern of the reference signal; Based on the pattern of the reference signal, a reference signal is transmitted; The first information includes at least one of the following: Changes in the nonlinear state of the power amplifier at the transmitting end; Scheduling-related information; The second indication information is used to indicate the pattern of the reference signal; The type of transmitted signal; Vector amplitude error (EVM) or adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) requirements.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that, The scheduling-related information includes at least one of the following: The time-domain location of the scheduled transmission; Uplink power control information; Business type; The number of symbols; bandwidth; Modulation coding scheme (MCS) or MCS adjustment method; The scheduling information indicates the vector amplitude error EVM / adjacent channel leakage ratio ACLR.

17. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that, The reference signal includes at least one of the following: Demodulation reference signal DMRS; Detection Reference Signal (SRS); Synchronization Signal / Physical Broadcast Channel Signal Block (SSB); Master synchronization signal PSS; Auxiliary synchronization signal SSS; Tracking reference signal TRS; Phase Tracking Reference Information (PTRS); Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) 18. A signal processing method, executed by a receiving end, characterized in that, The method includes: A reference signal is received, which is used to assist the receiver in estimating the transmission characteristic information of the received transmitted signal; The transmitted signal is received and processed based on its transmission characteristic information.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that, Based on the transmission characteristic information of the transmitted signal, the transmitted signal is received and processed, including: If it is determined from the second information that the transmitted signal is transmitted in a nonlinear state of the power amplifier, the transmitted signal is received and processed according to the transmission characteristic information of the transmitted signal. The second information includes at least one of the following: Control information for receiving signals, wherein the control information is used to indicate whether the transmitted signal is sent in the nonlinear state; The pattern of the reference signal, wherein the pattern of the reference signal is related to the transmitted signal in the nonlinear state; Uplink transmission scheduling information, the uplink transmission scheduling information including whether the transmission signal is sent in the nonlinear state; Power information of the transmitted signal; Repeated transmission of information in the transmission signal.

20. The method according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that, The reference signal includes at least one of the following: First reference signal; Second reference signal; The first reference signal is used to assist the receiver in estimating the channel characteristic information of the transmitted signal; The second reference signal is used to assist the receiver in estimating the nonlinear characteristic information of the transmitted signal.

21. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that, The nonlinear characteristic information refers to the nonlinear state of the power amplifier associated with the transmitted signal.

22. The method according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that, The first reference signal is sent when the power amplifier is in a linear state; The second reference signal is sent when the power amplifier is in a nonlinear state.

23. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 22, characterized in that, Also includes: Obtain first indication information, which is used to indicate a first difference between the transmission power of the first reference signal and the transmission power of the second reference signal, or to indicate a second difference between the energy EPR on each resource element corresponding to the first reference signal and the EPR corresponding to the second reference signal, or to indicate a third difference between the transmission bandwidth of the first reference signal and the transmission bandwidth of the second reference signal, or to indicate the absolute value of the transmission power of the first reference signal or the absolute value of the transmission power of the second reference signal, or to indicate the absolute value of the EPR corresponding to the first reference signal or the absolute value of the EPR corresponding to the second reference signal, or to indicate the absolute value of the transmission bandwidth of the first reference signal or the absolute value of the transmission bandwidth of the second reference signal.

24. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 23, characterized in that, The first reference signal and the second reference signal are spaced apart by K time units, where K is an integer.

25. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 24, characterized in that, The first reference signal and the second reference signal satisfy at least one of the following: The bandwidth of the first reference signal is less than the bandwidth of the second reference signal; The time domain position corresponding to the first reference signal is different from the time domain position corresponding to the second reference signal; The sequence corresponding to the first reference signal is different from the sequence corresponding to the second reference signal.

26. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 25, characterized in that, The first reference signal is a comb-shaped structure.

27. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 26, characterized in that, The reference signal is either a constant envelope signal or a non-constant envelope signal.

28. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 27, characterized in that, The received reference signal includes: The reference signal is received periodically; Alternatively, the reference signal may be received non-periodically; Alternatively, the reference signal can be received using a semi-static transmission method; Alternatively, the reference signal may be received based on a triggering event.

29. The method according to claim 28, characterized in that, The triggering event includes at least one of the following: The nonlinear characteristics of the transmitting or receiving end cause the effective timer to fail; The time during which the transmitting end does not send a transmission signal exceeds the first threshold; The duration of the transmission signal sent by the transmitting end is greater than the second threshold; The change in the nonlinear state of the power amplifier PA is greater than the third threshold. The bit error rate, retransmission rate, or non-acknowledgment (NACK) transmission rate at the receiving end is greater than the fourth threshold; or the data transmission accuracy rate, retransmission rate, or acknowledgment transmission rate at the receiving end is less than the fifth threshold. The sending end needs to send transmission signals; The sending end receives the scheduling information for transmitting the signal; The transmitting end experiences beam failure, beam recovery, beam switching, or power amplifier switching. A state switch occurs at the sending end; Cell handover occurred at the transmitting end.

30. A signal transmission device, characterized in that, include: The first transmitting module is used to transmit a reference signal, which is used to estimate the transmission characteristic information of the transmitted signal.

31. The apparatus according to claim 30, characterized in that, The reference signal includes at least one of the following: First reference signal; Second reference signal; The first reference signal is used to estimate the channel characteristic information of the transmitted signal; The second reference signal is used to estimate the nonlinear characteristics of the transmitted signal.

32. The apparatus according to claim 31, characterized in that, The nonlinear characteristic information of the transmitted signal is the nonlinear state of the power amplifier associated with the transmitted signal.

33. The apparatus according to claim 31 or 32, characterized in that, The first reference signal is transmitted when the power amplifier at the transmitting end is in a linear state; The second reference signal is transmitted when the power amplifier at the transmitting end is in a nonlinear state.

34. The apparatus according to any one of claims 31 to 33, characterized in that, Also includes: The second transmitting module is configured to transmit first indication information, wherein the first indication information is configured to indicate a first difference between the transmission power of the first reference signal and the transmission power of the second reference signal, or to indicate a second difference between the energy EPR on each resource element corresponding to the first reference signal and the EPR corresponding to the second reference signal, or to indicate a third difference between the transmission bandwidth of the first reference signal and the transmission bandwidth of the second reference signal, or to indicate the absolute value of the transmission power of the first reference signal or the absolute value of the transmission power of the second reference signal, or to indicate the absolute value of the EPR corresponding to the first reference signal or the absolute value of the EPR corresponding to the second reference signal, or to indicate the absolute value of the transmission bandwidth of the first reference signal or the absolute value of the transmission bandwidth of the second reference signal.

35. The apparatus according to any one of claims 31 to 34, characterized in that, The first reference signal and the second reference signal are spaced apart by K time units, where K is an integer.

36. The apparatus according to any one of claims 31 to 35, characterized in that, The first reference signal and the second reference signal satisfy at least one of the following: The bandwidth of the first reference signal is less than the bandwidth of the second reference signal; The time domain position corresponding to the first reference signal is different from the time domain position corresponding to the second reference signal; The sequence corresponding to the first reference signal is different from the sequence corresponding to the second reference signal.

37. A signal processing apparatus, characterized in that, include: The first receiving module is used to receive a reference signal, which is used to assist the receiving end in estimating the transmission characteristic information of the received transmission signal. The processing module is used to receive and process the transmitted signal according to the transmission characteristic information of the transmitted signal.

38. The apparatus according to claim 37, characterized in that, The processing module is used for: If it is determined from the second information that the transmitted signal is transmitted in a nonlinear state of the power amplifier, the transmitted signal is received and processed according to the transmission characteristic information of the transmitted signal. The second information includes at least one of the following: Control information for receiving signals, wherein the control information is used to indicate whether the transmitted signal is sent in the nonlinear state; The pattern of the reference signal, wherein the pattern of the reference signal is related to the transmitted signal in the nonlinear state; Uplink transmission scheduling information, the uplink transmission scheduling information including whether the transmission signal is sent in the nonlinear state; Power information of the transmitted signal; Repeated transmission of information in the transmission signal.

39. The apparatus according to claim 37 or 38, characterized in that, The reference signal includes at least one of the following: First reference signal; Second reference signal; The first reference signal is used to assist the receiver in estimating the channel characteristic information of the transmitted signal; The second reference signal is used to assist the receiver in estimating the nonlinear characteristic information of the transmitted signal.

40. The apparatus according to claim 39, characterized in that, The nonlinear characteristic information refers to the nonlinear state of the power amplifier associated with the transmitted signal.

41. The apparatus according to claim 39 or 40, characterized in that, The first reference signal is sent when the power amplifier is in a linear state; The second reference signal is sent when the power amplifier is in a nonlinear state.

42. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions that can run on the processor, the program or instructions being executed by the processor to implement the steps of the signal transmission method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 17, or to implement the steps of the signal processing method as claimed in any one of claims 18 to 29.

43. A readable storage medium, characterized in that, The readable storage medium stores a program or instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the signal transmission method as described in any one of claims 1 to 17, or implement the steps of the signal processing method as described in any one of claims 18 to 29.

44. A computer program product, characterized in that, It includes computer instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the signal transmission method as described in any one of claims 1 to 17, or implement the steps of the signal processing method as described in any one of claims 18 to 29.

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