Glenoid implant with hybrid fixation

Abstract

Embodiments of anatomical glenoid implants in conjunction with hybrid fixation are disclosed.

Description

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application is entitled to the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 676,938, filed on July 30, 2024, entitled “GLENOIDIMPLANTS WITH HYBRID FIXATION”, pursuant to 35 U.SC §119, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure relates generally to shoulder arthroplasty and more specifically to glenoid implant components. Background Technology

[0004] Improving the stability of glenoid implants during shoulder arthroplasty is a persistent challenge in shoulder implant design. Summary of the Invention

[0005] An implementation scheme combining a hybrid fixation anatomical glenoid implant has been disclosed. Attached Figure Description

[0006] The accompanying drawings provided in this disclosure are schematic and not necessarily drawn to scale. Unless otherwise stated, these drawings are not intended to show actual dimensions or actual relative dimensions.

[0007] Figure 1A An example of an anatomical glenoid implant with a hybrid fixation column according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0008] Figure 1B Some embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 1A A longitudinal sectional view of the mixed fixation column portion of the anatomical glenoid implant.

[0009] Figure 2A Examples of the metal portions of a hybrid fixed column according to some embodiments of this disclosure are shown.

[0010] Figure 2B Examples of staggered grid cone portions of the metal part of a hybrid fixed column according to some embodiments of the present disclosure are shown, wherein the staggered grid cones have a concave configuration.

[0011] Figure 2C Some embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 2B The structural details of the interlaced grid cone.

[0012] Figure 2D Examples of staggered grid portions of the metal part of a hybrid fixed column according to some embodiments of the present disclosure are shown, wherein the staggered grid has a flat configuration.

[0013] Figure 3A A perspective view of another embodiment of the metal portion of a hybrid fixing column according to some embodiments of this disclosure is shown.

[0014] Figure 3B Some embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 3A Side view of the metal portion of the hybrid fixed column shown.

[0015] Figure 3C Some embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 3A and Figure 3B A longitudinal sectional view of the metal portion.

[0016] Figure 3D Utilization of some embodiments according to this disclosure is demonstrated. Figures 3A to 3C The longitudinal sectional view of the hybrid fixed column of the embodiment of the metal part shown.

[0017] Figures 4A to 4C Anatomical glenoid implants with hybrid fixation columns are shown according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0018] Figures 5A to 5F Enhanced anatomical glenoid implants with hybrid fixation columns are shown according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0019] Figure 6 The overall process flow for manufacturing a glenoid implant including a hybrid fixation column is shown according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0020] Figure 7A A perspective view is shown of another embodiment of a hybrid fixed column comprising a conical porous metal structure having a first thickness, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0021] Figure 7B Some embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 7A Side view of the metal portion of the hybrid fixed column shown.

[0022] Figure 7C Some embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 7A and Figure 7B A longitudinal sectional view of the metal portion.

[0023] Figure 7D Demonstrates according to some implementation schemes Figures 7A to 7C A cross-sectional view of the metal portion.

[0024] Figure 8AA perspective view is shown of another embodiment of a hybrid fixing column comprising a conical porous metal structure having a second thickness, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 8B Some embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 8A Side view of the metal portion of the hybrid fixed column shown.

[0026] Figure 8C Some embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 8A and Figure 8B A longitudinal sectional view of the metal portion.

[0027] Figure 8D Demonstrates according to some implementation schemes Figures 8A to 8C A cross-sectional view of the metal portion.

[0028] Figure 9A A perspective view is shown of another embodiment of a hybrid retaining column comprising a porous metal structure defining a cavity, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, showing the distal metal portion of the column.

[0029] Figure 9B Some embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 9A Side view of the metal portion of the hybrid fixed column shown.

[0030] Figure 9C Some embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 9A and Figure 9B A longitudinal sectional view of the metal portion.

[0031] Figure 9D Demonstrates according to some implementation schemes Figures 9A to 9C A cross-sectional view of the metal portion.

[0032] Figure 10A A perspective view is shown of another embodiment of the metal distal portion of a hybrid retaining post including a groove, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0033] Figure 10B Some embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 10A Side view of the metal portion of the hybrid fixed column shown.

[0034] Figure 10C Some embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 10A and Figure 10B A longitudinal sectional view of the metal portion.

[0035] Figure 10D Demonstrates according to some implementation schemes Figures 10A to 10CA cross-sectional view of the metal portion.

[0036] Figure 11A A perspective view is shown of another embodiment of the distal metal portion of a hybrid fixed post comprising a macro-cross and a porous metal structure, according to some embodiments of this disclosure.

[0037] Figure 11B Some embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 11A Side view of the metal portion of the hybrid fixed column shown.

[0038] Figure 11C Some embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 11A and Figure 11B A longitudinal sectional view of the metal portion.

[0039] Figure 11D Demonstrates according to some implementation schemes Figures 11A to 11C A cross-sectional view of the metal portion.

[0040] Figure 12A A perspective view is shown of another embodiment of a hybrid fixed post comprising a radial mesh, representing a distal metal portion according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0041] Figure 12B Some embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 12A Side view of the metal portion of the hybrid fixed column shown.

[0042] Figure 12C Some embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 12A and Figure 12B A longitudinal sectional view of the metal portion.

[0043] Figure 12D Demonstrates according to some implementation schemes Figures 12A to 12C A cross-sectional view of the metal portion.

[0044] Figure 13A A perspective view is shown of another embodiment of a metal distal portion of a hybrid fixed post comprising a coarse mesh, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0045] Figure 13B Some embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 13A Side view of the metal portion of the hybrid fixed column shown.

[0046] Figure 13C Some embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 13A and Figure 13B A longitudinal sectional view of the metal portion.

[0047] Figure 13D Demonstrates according to some implementation schemes Figures 13A to 13C A cross-sectional view of the metal portion.

[0048] Figure 14A A perspective view of another embodiment of the metal distal portion of a hybrid fixed post including a transformer, according to some embodiments of this disclosure, is shown.

[0049] Figure 14B Some embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 14A Side view of the metal portion of the hybrid fixed column shown.

[0050] Figure 14C Some embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 14A and Figure 14B A longitudinal sectional view of the metal portion.

[0051] Figure 14D Demonstrates according to some implementation schemes Figures 14A to 14C A cross-sectional view of the metal portion. Detailed Implementation

[0052] This description of exemplary embodiments is intended to be read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which are considered an integral part of the entire written description. The drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, and for clarity and brevity, certain features may be enlarged or shown in a slightly schematic manner. In the description, related terms such as “horizontal,” “vertical,” “up,” “down,” “top,” and “bottom,” and their derivatives (e.g., “horizontally,” “downward,” “upward,” etc.) should be interpreted as referring to the orientation as described subsequently or as shown in the drawings discussed. These related terms are for ease of description and are not generally intended to require a particular orientation. Terms (including “inward” and “outward,” “longitudinal” and “lateral,” etc.) should be interpreted as appropriate relative to each other or relative to an axis of elongation or axis of rotation or center of rotation. Unless otherwise explicitly described, terms relating to attachment, connection, etc. (such as “connected” and “interconnected”) refer to a relationship in which structures are directly or indirectly fixed or attached to each other by an intermediate structure and a movable or rigid attachment or relationship. When only a single machine is shown, the term "machine" should also be considered as including any collection of machines, individually or jointly, that execute one or more sets of instructions to perform any one or more of the methods discussed herein. The term "operationally connected" is an attachment, coupling, or connection that allows related structures to operate as intended under that relationship. In the claims, the means-attached functional clauses (if used) are intended to cover structures described, suggested, or become apparent from the written description or drawings for performing said functions, including not only structural equivalents but also equivalent structures.

[0053] refer to Figures 1A to 2C This disclosure provides an improved anatomical glenoid implant 100 for implantation in the glenoid cavity according to the present disclosure. The glenoid implant 100 includes a joint body 110 and at least one hybrid fixation post 170. The joint body 110 includes an articular surface 112 and a medial surface 113 on the opposite side of the joint body. The medial surface 113 is referred to herein as a “medial” surface because, when implanted in a patient, this surface is the surface that engages with the prepared glenoid surface, and thus, when implanted, this surface faces medially within the patient. The term “hybrid” for the hybrid fixation post refers to a hybrid composition of posts further described below.

[0054] The illustrated example of joint body 110 has a circular or generally cylindrical shape when configured for implantation applications (where a glenoid implant is inserted into a prepared glenoid). However, joint body 110 can be formed in different shapes to accommodate different conditions of receiving the glenoid. For those embodiments, the procedure for preparing the glenoid surface will be modified accordingly.

[0055] The hybrid fixation post 170 extends from the inner surface 113. The hybrid fixation post 170 includes a polymer base portion 171 positioned proximally relative to the joint body 110 and a distal metal portion 172 positioned distally relative to the joint body 110.

[0056] The hybrid fixation post 170 has a hybrid composition comprising a base portion 171 and a distal portion 172. The base portion 171 is an extension of the joint body 110 and is generally made of a durable, biocompatible polymer, such as ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). The distal portion 172 includes a metallic structure connected to the base portion 171.

[0057] In some embodiments, the distal portion 172 includes a solid metal core, the outer sidewall surface of which includes a porous metal layer 173 that promotes bone ingrowth after implantation into the glenoid cavity. The glenoid implant 100 can be provided in various versions of the porous metal layer 173 with different sizes and thicknesses to accommodate different anatomy of the patient's glenoid cavity. The porous metal layer 173 can be titanium or a titanium-based alloy.

[0058] like Figure 2A As shown, the porous metal layer 173 may cover a first portion 174A of the outer surface of the distal portion 172, and the second (e.g., the remaining) portion 174B of the distal portion 172 may include solid metal.

[0059] Furthermore, the porous metal layer 173 can continuously cover the entire circumference of the distal portion 172, or the porous metal layer 173 can be arranged in a discontinuous configuration, covering only a portion or multiple portions of the outer sidewall surface of the distal portion 172. Figure 1A In the illustrated example, the porous metal layer 173 is a continuous layer covering the entire circumference of the distal portion 172.

[0060] In some embodiments, the distal metal portion 172 can be attached to the polymer base portion 171 by directly compressing and molding the polymer material into the distal metal portion 172. (See reference...) Figure 2A To provide a structurally robust mechanical interface between the distal metal portion 172 and the polymer base portion 172, the proximal end 175A of the distal metal portion 172 (e.g., one end connected to the polymer base portion 171) is configured to increase the surface area of ​​the interface. Specifically, in the illustrated embodiment, the proximal end 175A is formed with a surface having an interlaced grid structure 20.

[0061] In some embodiments, the surface of the proximal end 175A of the distal metal portion 172 has a tapered, interlaced mesh structure 20, wherein the apex of the tapered shape points distally, such that the proximal end 175A of the distal metal portion 172 has a concave surface, such as... Figure 1B and Figure 2A As shown in the diagram, the concave surface is concave towards the distal end 175B of the distal metal portion 172. In some embodiments, the proximal end 175A of the distal metal portion 172 may be flat or convex. Figure 2D An example of an embodiment is shown where the proximal end 175A of the distal metal portion 172 is flat.

[0062] Figure 2B and Figure 2C Details of the interlaced mesh structure 20 are shown. The interlaced mesh structure includes intersecting meshes 22, which form cavities 23 therebetween. The void spaces defined by the cavities 23 extend below the mesh construction, thereby connecting the cavities 23 to their adjacent cavities. Figure 2C The cross-sectional view shown reveals these connecting spaces 25 beneath the mesh structure. The staggered mesh structure 20 allows the polymer material to flow into the cavities and undercut spaces of the mesh structure during the compression molding process. As the polymer subsequently solidifies, the resulting interface comprises the staggered mesh structure into which the polymer material permeates, forming an interlocking structure comprising the polymer material and the metallic structure of the distal portion 172. The result is an interlocking interface that forms a strong hybrid structure for the fixed pillar 170.

[0063] Many methods can be used to manufacture the distal metal portion 172, which includes an interlaced mesh structure. One method is 3D printing using laser sintering. An example of the manufacturing process will be discussed in more detail below.

[0064] Figures 3A to 3D This is an illustration of the distal metal portion 172A according to another embodiment. This second embodiment of the distal metal portion 172A also has a solid metal core, the side surface of which includes a porous metal layer 173 that promotes bone ingrowth after implantation into the glenoid cavity.

[0065] Similar to the distal metal portion 172, the porous metal layer 173 on the distal metal portion 172A can continuously cover the entire circumference of the distal metal portion 172A, or the porous metal layer 173 can be arranged in a discontinuous configuration, covering only a portion or more of the outer sidewall surface of the distal metal portion 172A. Figure 3A In the illustrated example, the porous metal layer 173 is a continuous layer covering the entire circumference of the distal portion 172A.

[0066] like Figure 3D As shown, in this embodiment, the hybrid fixing post 170A is formed by a distal metal portion 172A connected to a base portion 171A, wherein the base portion 171A is an extension of the polymer joint body 110A. In some embodiments, the distal metal portion 172A can be connected to the polymer base portion 171A by directly compressing and molding the polymer material into the distal metal portion 172A.

[0067] To provide a structurally robust mechanical interface between the distal metal portion 172A and the polymer base portion 171A, the distal metal portion 172A includes at least three features that enhance the mechanical integrity of the interface between the distal metal portion 172A and the polymer base portion 171A. One such feature is that the proximal end 175A of the distal metal portion 172A is provided with an opening 176 that extends distally into the body of the distal metal portion 172A and defines a cavity 177. This cavity 177 allows the polymer material of the articulated body 110A to flow into the cavity 177 during the aforementioned compression molding process and form the polymer base portion 171A of the fixing post 170A. The inner surface of the cavity 177 is provided with an interlaced mesh structure portion 178, thereby allowing the polymer material and the inner surface of the cavity 177 to form a very strong interlocking interface.

[0068] In some embodiments, the staggered mesh structure portion 178 may extend as a continuous surface completely around the inner surface of the cavity 177. In some embodiments, the staggered mesh structure portion 178 may be configured as one or more discontinuous portions around the inner surface of the cavity 177. When configured as multiple portions, preferably, they should be positioned in a radially symmetrical arrangement.

[0069] The distal end of cavity 177 is formed as a tapered surface 179. The tapered surface allows polymer material to flow into and completely fill the cavity, while minimizing voids during the compression molding process.

[0070] A second feature for enhancing the mechanical integrity of the interface between the distal metal portion 172A and the polymer base portion 171A is a flared locking lip 181 provided at the proximal end 175A along the edge of the opening 176, such as... Figures 3A to 3D As shown. Figures 3C to 3D As shown in the longitudinal cross-sectional view, the flared locking lip 181 flares radially outward and partially turns toward the distal end 175B of the distal portion 172A, thus forming a hook-shaped section. Therefore, during the compression molding process, the polymer material of the joint body 110A flows around and beneath the flared locking lip 181, forming the interlocking supplementary lip portion 182 of the base portion 171A. The result is an interlocking interface with an annular configuration, providing a radially symmetrical engagement between the metallic distal portion 172A and the polymeric base portion 171A.

[0071] A third feature for enhancing the mechanical integrity of the interface between the distal metal portion 172A and the polymer base portion 171A is the provision of a plurality of flow ports 183, in addition to the opening 176, providing fluid connectivity between the cavity 177 and the exterior of the distal portion 172A. The flow ports 183 provide additional flow paths for the polymer to flow into the cavity 177 during the compression molding process that forms the articulation body 110A and simultaneously connects it to the distal portion 172A.

[0072] like Figure 3BAs can be seen, the distal portion 172A has a narrow neck portion 184 disposed near the flared locking lip 181. The narrow neck portion 184 has an inclined frustoconical surface 185 that is radially inwardly inclined toward the narrow neck portion 184. A plurality of flow ports 183 are disposed in the inclined frustoconical surface 185 of the narrow neck portion 184 such that the flow ports 183 open toward the proximal end 175A of the metal distal portion 172A, which is the direction from which the liquid polymer material will advance during the compression molding process. Thus, the flow ports 183 are oriented to easily receive polymer flow and provide multiple flow paths for the liquid polymer. This allows the liquid polymer to flow efficiently into the cavity 177. Once the polymer solidifies to form the joint body 110A, the solid polymer material forming the base portion 171A extends into the cavity 177 via the opening 176 and also extends through each of the plurality of flow ports 183. This forms multiple polymer legs that interlock with the distal portion 172A, thereby providing an additional connection structure at the interface between the metal distal portion 172A and the polymer base portion 171A.

[0073] The three features described above for enhancing the mechanical integrity of the interface between the distal metal portion 172A and the polymer base portion 171A do not all need to be present in a single embodiment of the hybrid retaining post 170A. Only one of these three features may be implemented in the hybrid retaining post 170A. In some embodiments, any combination of these three features may be implemented in the hybrid retaining post 170A. For example, in some embodiments, the first and second features may be implemented in the hybrid retaining post 170A. In some embodiments, the first and third features may be implemented in the hybrid retaining post 170A. In some embodiments, the second and third features may be implemented in the hybrid retaining post 170A.

[0074] Figures 7A to 7D A distal metal portion 172B according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. The distal metal portion 172B is similar to the distal metal portions 172, 172A discussed above, and similar descriptions are omitted here.

[0075] In some embodiments, the proximal end 175A of the distal metal portion 172B includes a tapered porous metal structure 30, wherein the apex of the tapered shape points distally, such that the proximal end 175A of the distal metal portion 172B defines a concave opening 176A. The concave opening 176A is concave toward the distal end 175B of the distal metal portion 172B. The cavity 177A defined by the tapered shape of the porous metal structure 30 allows the polymer material of the joint bodies 110, 110A to flow into the cavity 177A during the compression molding process to form a base portion (e.g., base portion 171) of the retaining post (e.g., retaining post 170).

[0076] The porous metal allows the polymer material of the joint bodies 110, 110A to flow at least partially into the porous metal structure 30 during a compression molding process (or other molding process). When the polymer subsequently solidifies, the resulting interface includes the porous metal structure 30, into which the polymer material has infiltrated to form an interlocking structure. The porous metal structure 30 comprises a porous metal material, such as porous titanium or a titanium-based alloy. The porous metal structure 30 may include the same porous metal material as the porous metal layer 173 and / or may be different from the material of the porous metal layer 173.

[0077] Figures 8A to 8D A distal metal portion 172C according to some embodiments of this disclosure is shown. The distal metal portion 172C is similar to the distal metal portion 172B discussed above, but differs from... Figures 7A to 7C Compared to the previous implementation, it has a thinner porous metal structure 30A. For example, in some implementations, Figures 7A to 7C The distal metal portion 172B may have a porous metal structure 30 with a thickness of approximately 1 mm, while Figures 8A to 8D The distal metal portion 172C may have a porous metal structure 30A comprising a thickness of approximately 0.5 mm. Although specific embodiments are discussed herein, it will be understood that the thickness of the porous metal structures 30, 30A may be selected as any suitable thickness to provide a desired interface thickness having one or more desired parameters, such as pull-out strength.

[0078] like Figures 8A to 8C As shown, in some embodiments, a thinner porous metal structure 30A can increase the depth of the cavity 177B formed by the porous metal structure 30A. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the porous metal structure 30A has a depth similar to... Figures 7A to 7C The distal end of the porous metal structure 30 is similar to the distal end of the positioning. However, since the porous metal structure 30A is thinner, the depth of the cavity 177B is greater than the depth of the cavity 177A. In other embodiments, the heights of the porous metal structures 30 and 30A can be adjusted so that the depth of the cavity 177B is greater than, less than, or equal to the depth of the cavity 177A.

[0079] Figures 9A to 9D The distal metal portion 172D according to some embodiments of this disclosure is shown. The distal metal portion 172D is similar to the distal metal portions 172-172C discussed above, and similar descriptions are omitted here.

[0080] In some embodiments, the proximal end 175A of the distal metal portion 172D includes a porous metal structure 30B with a generally cylindrical shape having a flat inner bottom 186, such that the proximal end 175A of the distal metal portion 172D defines a concave opening 176B and a cavity 177C. The concave opening 176B is concave toward the distal end 175B of the distal portion 172D. The cavity 177C defined by the porous metal structure 30B allows the polymer material of the joint bodies 110, 110A to flow into the cavity 177C during a compression molding process to form base portions (e.g., base portions 171, 171A) of the fixing posts (e.g., fixing posts 170, 170A). In some embodiments, the concave opening 176B is defined by a flared or tapered proximal portion of the porous metal structure 30B.

[0081] Figures 10A to 10D A distal metal portion 172E according to some embodiments of this disclosure is shown. The distal metal portion 172E is similar to the distal metal portion 172D discussed above, and similar descriptions are omitted here.

[0082] The distal metal portion 172E includes a cavity 177D that substantially resembles the corresponding portion of the distal metal portion 172D. For example, the distal metal portion 172E includes an opening 176C and a cavity 177D that resemble the opening 176B of the distal metal portion 172D and the proximal portion of the cavity 177C. The distal metal portion 172E includes a region 187 with a solid metal wall that corresponds to the distal portion of the cavity 177C. Region 187 provides a portion of the cavity 177D that does not include the porous metal structure 30C but still defines a void region for polymer inflow during the molding process.

[0083] Region 187 may include the same material as the second portion 174B of the distal portion 172E of the metal, and / or may include a separate material. In some embodiments, region 187 may include a non-porous version of the material similar to that of the porous metal structure 30C, such as titanium or a titanium alloy.

[0084] Figures 11A to 11D The distal metal portion 172F according to some embodiments of this disclosure is shown. The distal metal portion 172F is similar to the distal metal portions 172-172E discussed above, and similar descriptions are omitted here.

[0085] In some embodiments, the proximal end 175A of the distal metal portion 172F includes a macroscopic cross-shaped structure 188, which includes a void portion 189 and an interlaced mesh structure 20A. The void portion 189 may include solid metal walls 189A, 189B defining void or cavity regions for the inflow of polymer material. The interlaced mesh structure 20A is similar to the interlaced mesh structure 20 discussed above and allows polymer material to flow into and bond with the interlaced mesh structure 20 during the compression molding process.

[0086] In some implementations, the staggered mesh structure 20A includes... Figures 2A to 2D The interlaced grid structure 20A is different from the grid structure 20A. The interlaced grid structure 20A is defined at the proximal end 175A of the metal distal portion 172F and is integrally formed with the portion 189.

[0087] Figures 12A to 12D The distal metal portion 172G according to some embodiments of this disclosure is shown. The distal metal portion 172G is similar to the distal metal portions 172-172F discussed above, and similar descriptions will not be repeated here.

[0088] In some embodiments, the proximal end 175A of the distal metal portion 172G includes a radially interlaced mesh structure 20B. The radially interlaced mesh structure 20B includes concentric vertical layers 190A-190D with decreasing circumferences, each of which is coupled to vertical connecting elements 191A-191D. Each vertical layer 190A-190D defines a set of concentric voids or openings. In some embodiments, a fourth concentric vertical layer 190D is at least partially embedded within the solid metal portion of the distal metal portion 172G. Similar to the previously discussed interlaced mesh structures 20, 20A, the radially interlaced mesh structure 20B allows polymer material to flow between and bond with the radially interlaced mesh structures 20B during compression molding.

[0089] Figures 13A to 13D The distal metal portion 172H according to some embodiments of this disclosure is shown. The distal metal portion 172H is similar to the distal metal portions 172-172G discussed above, and similar descriptions will not be repeated here.

[0090] In some embodiments, the proximal end 175A of the distal portion 172H of the metal includes a coarse-grained interlaced mesh structure 20C. The coarse-grained interlaced mesh structure 20C includes coarse horizontal layers 192A-192D defined by horizontal members 193A-193C and outer radial members 194. Similar to the previously discussed interlaced mesh structures 20-20B, the radial interlaced mesh structure 20C allows polymer material to flow between and bond with the radial interlaced mesh structure 20C during the compression molding process.

[0091] Figures 14A to 14D A cross-sectional view of the distal metal portion 172I according to some embodiments of this disclosure is shown. The distal metal portion 172I is similar to the distal metal portions 172-172G discussed above, and similar descriptions will not be repeated here.

[0092] In some embodiments, the distal metal portion 172I includes a transducer component 195. The transducer component 195 defines an opening 177E having a depth equal to or greater than half the total length of the distal metal portion 172I. The inner surface 196 of the transducer component 195 may include one or more features 197A-197C that provide bonding or tension points for polymeric material flowing into the opening 177E during the compression molding process.

[0093] It will be understood that the features of each of the disclosed hybrid retaining posts 170, 170A and / or distal metal portions 172-172I can be used in any combination. Generally, each distal metal portion of the disclosed distal metal portions 172-172I is configured to reduce slippage (e.g., disconnection of the hybrid retaining posts 170, 170A) and rocking movement and / or increase pull-out strength. For example, each distal metal portion of the disclosed distal metal portions 172-172I includes one or more features that allow the polymer material of the base portions 171, 171A to be coupled and / or connected to the distal metal portions 172-172I.

[0094] In some embodiments, the pull-out strength of each of the disclosed distal metal portions 172-172I may be equal, while variations in design provide different fatigue resistance and / or yaw margins. For example, in some embodiments including larger voids, a higher amount of bulk polymer material can improve fatigue resistance. As another example, in some embodiments, one or more features of the distal metal portions 172-172I can prevent the polymer material from being cut or worn by the metal elements of the distal metal portions (e.g., by utilizing a specific staggered mesh structure to prevent cutting) and / or compensate for anticipated cutting (e.g., by increasing the void space for polymer inflow).

[0095] In various embodiments, one or more of the following can be combined: staggered mesh structures, porous material structures, cavities (or void spaces), macroscopic features (e.g., anchoring metal segments), and / or any other disclosed elements, to achieve desired parameters for the hybrid anchor post. In some embodiments, combinations of one or more of these features maintain the connection between the polymer material of the base portion and the metal material of the distal portion during compression molding and / or cooling of the polymer material.

[0096] Refer again Figure 1A In some embodiments, the anatomical glenoid implant 100 further includes one or more additional fixation features 140 extending from the medial surface 113, which are arranged to prevent rotation of the joint body 110 relative to the glenoid when the glenoid implant 100 is implanted in the glenoid. Each of the one or more fixation features 140 may be a columnar structure, such as... Figure 1A As shown in the example illustration. However, the specific structural shape of the fixing feature 140 is not limited to this example and can be configured to allow for any shape to be fixed to the glenoid. Depending on the shape of the fixing feature 140, the glenoid will be appropriately prepared to receive one or more fixing features of the fixing feature 140.

[0097] Figures 4A to 4C This is an illustration of another embodiment of an anatomical glenoid implant 200 having a hybrid fixation post 170. The glenoid implant 200 includes a joint body 210 and at least one hybrid fixation post 170. The joint body 210 includes an articular surface 212 and a medial surface 213 on the opposite side of the joint body.

[0098] The hybrid fixed column 170 has the same structure and composition as the various embodiments described herein.

[0099] The joint body 210 includes a cement channel 214 disposed on its inner surface 213 for fusing a certain amount of bone cement during implantation of the glenoid implant 200 into the glenoid cavity. The cement channel 214 extends circumferentially around and is concentric with the central axis C of the glenoid implant 200. Figure 4C As shown in the cross-sectional view, the cement channel 214 has a dovetail-shaped cross-section, such that the opening 214-1 of the channel has a narrower width than the channel base 214-2. This undercut shape of the cement channel helps retain bone cement and strengthens adhesion to bone.

[0100] The cement channel 214 may also include multiple anti-rotation features for the bone cement, which are in the form of a widened recessed section 214A along the length of the cement channel 214. The recessed section 214A retains an additional amount of bone cement and helps prevent rotation of the glenoid implant 200.

[0101] The joint body 210 may also be provided with a plurality of radially extending auxiliary cement channels 215 that connect the main cement channel 214 to the outer side of the joint body 210. These auxiliary cement channels 215 extend along the inner surface 213 and allow excess bone cement in the main cement channel 214 to escape when the glenoid implant 200 is being positioned into the prepared glenoid surface.

[0102] The depths of the cement channel 214, the auxiliary cement channel 215, and the widened cavity section 214A can be in the range of 1 mm to 1.5 mm. In some embodiments, the widened cavity section 214A can be deeper than the channel 214 and the auxiliary channel 215.

[0103] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the auxiliary cement channel 215 may extend at least partially along the sidewall 210-S of the joint body 210 toward the joint surface, thereby forming an extension 216 of the auxiliary cement channel. This extension 216 allows additional space for excess bone cement to escape when the glenoid implant 200 is being positioned into the prepared glenoid surface.

[0104] The illustrated example of joint body 210 has a circular or generally cylindrical shape when configured for implantation applications (where a glenoid implant is inserted into a prepared glenoid). However, joint body 210 can be formed in different shapes to accommodate different conditions of receiving the glenoid. In those embodiments, the pattern of channel 214, and the procedures for preparing the glenoid surface, will be modified accordingly.

[0105] Figures 5A to 5E This illustration shows an additional embodiment of an anatomical glenoid implant with a hybrid fixation post, which is also configured to provide reinforcement along the superior direction of the patient's glenoid. The anatomical glenoid implant can be used for either adhesive or inset applications on the glenoid. Reference Figures 5A to 5B The glenoid implant 300 includes a joint body 310, which includes an articular surface 312 and a medial surface 313 opposite to the articular surface. A hybrid fixation post 170 according to one of the disclosed embodiments may be provided, and the hybrid fixation post may extend from the medial surface 313.

[0106] Figure 5BThis is a cross-sectional view of the glenoid implant 300, where the section is taken along the superior-inferior direction and through the center of the hybrid fixation post 170. As shown, although the articular body 310 is curved, the overall shape of the articular body 310 will be described as a wedge shape, where the superior side of the articular body 310 is thicker than the inferior end to enhance the superior portion of the patient's glenoid. The articular body can be configured to provide any desired angle to provide enhancement along the superior direction. One example is... Figure 5B The 7.5-degree superior enhancement angle shown is referred to herein as the "superior enhancement angle". The superior enhancement angle is defined as the angle between the outer plane 312P and the inner plane 313P.

[0107] The lateral plane 312P is defined as a plane that intersects the uppermost point 312-S and the lowermost point 312-I of the articular surface 312 and is also orthogonal to the longitudinal axis C of the hybrid fixation post 170 when viewed from the superior to the inferior direction. Figure 5C As shown in the diagram. The inner plane 313P is defined as a plane that intersects the uppermost point 313-S and the lowermost point 313-I of the inner surface 313, and is also orthogonal to the longitudinal axis C of the hybrid fixing post 170 when viewed from the upper to the lower direction. Figure 5C As shown in the image.

[0108] Figure 5D An embodiment of the enhanced glenoid implant 300 is shown, wherein the hybrid fixation post 170 is oriented orthogonal to the medial plane 313P. The longitudinal axis C of the hybrid fixation post 170 is orthogonal to the medial plane 313P. In addition, the sidewalls S along the periphery of the joint body 310 are parallel to the hybrid fixation post 170.

[0109] Figure 5E An embodiment of the enhanced glenoid implant 300 is shown, wherein the hybrid fixation post 170 is oriented orthogonally to the medial plane 313P. The longitudinal axis C of the hybrid fixation post 170 is orthogonal to the medial plane 313P. However, in this embodiment, the sidewalls S along the periphery of the joint body 310 are not parallel to the hybrid fixation post 170.

[0110] Figure 5F An embodiment of the enhanced glenoid implant 300 is shown, wherein the hybrid fixation post 170 is oriented orthogonal to the lateral plane 312P, rather than to the medial plane 313P. The longitudinal axis C of the hybrid fixation post 170 is orthogonal to the lateral plane 312P. In this embodiment, the sidewalls S along the periphery of the joint body 310 are parallel to the hybrid fixation post 170.

[0111] [Manufacturing process]

[0112] Figure 6The overall process flow for manufacturing a glenoid implant 100 including a hybrid fixation post 170 is shown. At step 601, an initial metal post morphology F1 is fabricated using a 3D printing method including laser sintering and heat treatment. Next, at step 602, the initial metal post morphology F1 is machined into a finished distal metal portion 170B conforming to the final size specifications. At step 603, an initial articular body morphology F2 is formed on the distal metal portion 170B by directly compressing UHMWPE onto the finished distal metal portion 170B. At step 604, the initial articular body morphology F2 is exposed to a curing cycle, allowing the UHMWPE to crosslink and polymerize. At step 605, the cured initial articular body morphology F2 is machined into the final glenoid implant size. At step 606, the finished glenoid implant is cleaned and packaged.

[0113] Surgical kits that include one or more of the disclosed glenoid implants are also within the scope of this disclosure. Each of the one or more glenoid implants in the kit can be any of the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0114] Unless otherwise expressly stated, it is by no means intended to interpret any method described herein as requiring its steps to be performed in a particular order, or requiring any equipment or particular orientation, unless so indicated. Therefore, it is by no means intended to infer any order or orientation where a method claim does not actually describe the order in which its steps should be followed, or any equipment claim does not actually describe the order or orientation of the components, or where the claims or description do not specifically state that the steps should be limited to a particular order, or do not describe a particular order or orientation of the equipment components. This applies to any possible non-expressive basis of interpretation, including: logical matters relating to the arrangement of steps, the flow of operations, the order of components, or the orientation of components; the obvious meaning derived from grammatical organization or punctuation; and the numbers or types of embodiments described in the description.

[0115] This article discloses various implementation schemes for glenoid implants.

[0116] In a first embodiment, a glenoid implant includes: a joint body formed of a polymer material and including an articular surface and an inner surface on a side of the joint body opposite to the articular surface; and a hybrid fixation post extending distally from the inner surface of the joint body. The hybrid fixation post includes a hybrid composition comprising a base portion as an extension of the joint body and a distal portion including a metal structure. The base portion and the distal portion are connected in such a way that an interface is formed between the base portion and the proximal end of the distal portion. The interface includes an interlocking structure comprising the polymer material and the metal structure.

[0117] In the second embodiment, the glenoid implant as described in the first embodiment, wherein the metal structure includes an interlaced mesh structure, a porous metal material, a material defining a void space, a macroscopic metal feature providing one or more contact points, or any combination thereof.

[0118] In the third embodiment, the glenoid implant as described in any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the metal structure is disposed at the proximal end of the distal portion.

[0119] In the fourth embodiment, the glenoid implant as described in any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the metal structure has a concave tapered shape toward the distal end of the hybrid fixation post.

[0120] In the fifth embodiment, the glenoid implant as described in any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the polymer material is ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene.

[0121] In the sixth embodiment, the glenoid implant as described in any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the distal portion comprises a solid metal core having an outer sidewall surface comprising a porous metal layer.

[0122] In the seventh embodiment, the glenoid implant as described in the sixth embodiment, wherein the porous metal layer covers the entire circumference of the outer sidewall surface of the distal portion.

[0123] In the eighth embodiment, the glenoid implant as described in the sixth embodiment, wherein a porous metal layer continuously covers the outer sidewall surface of the distal portion.

[0124] In the ninth embodiment, the glenoid implant as described in the sixth embodiment, wherein a porous metal layer covers the outer sidewall surface of the distal portion in a discontinuous configuration comprising one or more portions.

[0125] In the tenth embodiment, the glenoid implant as described in any of the preceding embodiments includes one or more additional fixation features extending from the inner surface of the joint body, the one or more additional fixation features being arranged to prevent rotation of the joint body relative to the glenoid when the glenoid implant is implanted in the glenoid.

[0126] In the eleventh embodiment, the glenoid implant as described in the tenth embodiment, wherein each of the one or more fixation features includes a column.

[0127] In a twelfth embodiment, a glenoid implant includes a joint body formed of a polymer material, comprising: an articular surface and an inner surface on a side of the joint body opposite to the articular surface. The glenoid implant also includes a hybrid fixation post extending distally from the inner surface, the hybrid fixation post including a base portion as an extension of the joint body and a distal portion including a metal structure. The base portion and the distal portion are connected in such a manner that an interface is formed between the base portion and the proximal end of the distal portion. The interface includes an interlocking structure comprising the polymer material and the metal structure of the distal portion. The proximal end of the distal portion defines an opening extending distally into the distal portion and defining a cavity filled with polymer material. The inner surface of the cavity is provided with a metal structure.

[0128] In the thirteenth embodiment, the glenoid implant as described in the twelfth embodiment, wherein the metal structure includes an interlaced mesh structure, a porous metal material, a macroscopic metal feature providing one or more contact points, or any combination thereof.

[0129] In the fourteenth embodiment, the glenoid implant as described in the twelfth or thirteenth embodiment, wherein the metal structure extends as a continuous surface completely around the inner surface of the cavity.

[0130] In the fifteenth embodiment, the glenoid implant as described in any one of the twelfth to fourteenth embodiments, wherein the metal structure is configured to surround one or more discontinuous portions of the inner surface of the cavity.

[0131] In the sixteenth embodiment, the glenoid implant as described in any one of the twelfth to fifteenth embodiments, wherein the distal portion includes a flared locking lip at the proximal end along the edge of the opening, wherein the flared locking lip is radially outwardly flared and partially turned toward the distal end of the distal portion.

[0132] In the seventeenth embodiment, the glenoid implant as described in any one of the twelfth to sixteenth embodiments, wherein the distal portion includes a plurality of flow ports that provide fluid connection between the cavity and the exterior of the distal portion.

[0133] In the eighteenth embodiment, the glenoid implant as described in the seventeenth embodiment, wherein the distal portion includes a neck portion comprising a radially inwardly inclined truncated cone surface, wherein each of the plurality of flow ports is disposed in the inclined truncated cone surface.

[0134] In the nineteenth embodiment, the glenoid implant as described in any one of the twelfth to eighteenth embodiments, wherein the joint body is formed of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene.

[0135] In the twentieth embodiment, the glenoid implant as described in any one of the twelfth to nineteenth embodiments, wherein the distal portion includes an external sidewall surface comprising a porous metal layer.

[0136] In the twenty-first embodiment, the glenoid implant as described in the twenty-tenth embodiment, wherein the porous metal layer covers the entire circumference of the outer sidewall of the distal portion.

[0137] In the twenty-second embodiment, the glenoid implant as described in the twenty-first embodiment, wherein a porous metal layer continuously covers the outer sidewall of the distal portion.

[0138] In the twenty-third embodiment, the glenoid implant as described in the twenty-first embodiment, wherein a porous metal layer covers the outer sidewall of the distal portion in a discontinuous configuration comprising one or more portions.

[0139] In the twenty-fourth embodiment, the glenoid implant as described in any one of the twelfth to twenty-third embodiments includes one or more additional fixation features extending from the inner surface of the joint body, the one or more additional fixation features being arranged to prevent rotation of the joint body relative to the glenoid when the glenoid implant is implanted in the glenoid.

[0140] In the twenty-fifth embodiment, the glenoid implant as described in any one of the twelfth to twenty-fourth embodiments, wherein each of the one or more fixation features is in the form of a column.

[0141] In the twenty-sixth embodiment, the glenoid implant as described in any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the central axis of the joint body is defined through the hybrid fixation post, and further includes a channel disposed on the inner surface and extending circumferentially around and concentrically with the central axis of the joint body.

[0142] In the twenty-seventh embodiment, the glenoid implant as described in the twenty-sixth embodiment, wherein the channel has a dovetail-shaped cross-section such that the opening of the channel has a width narrower than the channel base.

[0143] In the twenty-eighth embodiment, such as the glenoid implant described in any one of the twenty-sixth or twenty-seventh embodiments, the channel includes a plurality of anti-rotation features in the form of a widened concave segment along the length of the channel.

[0144] In the twenty-ninth embodiment, the glenoid implant as described in any one of the twenty-sixth to twenty-eighth embodiments includes a plurality of radially extending auxiliary channels that connect the channel to the outer side of the joint body.

[0145] In the thirtieth embodiment, the glenoid implant as described in the twenty-ninth embodiment, wherein the auxiliary channel extends further along the sidewall of the joint body toward the joint surface at least partially, thereby forming an extension portion of the auxiliary channel.

[0146] In the thirty-first embodiment, a method for manufacturing any of the aforementioned glenoid implants.

[0147] In the thirty-second embodiment, a surgical kit includes the glenoid implant described in any one of the first to thirtieth embodiments.

[0148] In a thirty-third embodiment, a method of forming a glenoid implant includes: forming a distal portion of a hybrid fixation post comprising a metallic structure; and forming a joint body including an articular surface, an inner surface on a side of the joint body opposite to the articular surface, and a base portion of the hybrid fixation post extending distally from the inner surface. The joint body comprises a polymer material. The base portion and the distal portion of the hybrid fixation post are connected in such a manner that an interface is formed between the base portion and the distal portion. The interface includes an interlocking structure comprising the polymer material and the metallic structure.

[0149] In the thirty-fourth embodiment, the method of forming a glenoid implant as described in the thirty-first or thirty-third embodiment, wherein the distal portion of the hybrid fixation post is formed using additive manufacturing.

[0150] In the thirty-fifth embodiment, the method of forming a glenoid implant as described in the thirty-first or thirty-third embodiment, wherein the distal portion of the hybrid fixation post is formed using subtractive manufacturing.

[0151] In the thirty-sixth embodiment, the method of forming a glenoid implant as described in the thirty-first or thirty-third embodiment, wherein the distal portion of the hybrid fixation post is formed using both additive and subtractive manufacturing.

Claims

1. A glenoid implant comprising: a glenosphere formed of a polymeric material and comprising: an articular surface and a medial surface on a side of the glenosphere opposite the articular surface; and a hybrid fixation post extending distally from the medial surface of the glenosphere, wherein the hybrid fixation post comprises a hybrid composition comprising: a base portion that is an extension of the glenosphere; and a distal portion comprising a metallic structure, wherein the base portion and the distal portion are joined in a manner that forms an interface between the base portion and a proximal end of the distal portion, wherein the interface comprises an interlocking structure comprising the polymeric material and the metallic structure.

2. The glenoid implant of claim 1, wherein the metallic structure comprises an interlaced lattice structure, a porous metallic material, a material defining void space, a macroscopic metallic feature providing one or more contact points, or any combination thereof.

3. The glenoid implant of claim 2, wherein the metallic structure is disposed at the proximal end of the distal portion.

4. The glenoid implant of claim 1, wherein the metallic structure has a concave tapering shape toward a distal end of the hybrid fixation post.

5. The glenoid implant of claim 1, wherein the polymeric material comprises ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene.

6. The glenoid implant of claim 1, wherein the distal portion comprises a solid metallic core having an outer sidewall surface comprising a porous metallic layer.

7. The glenoid implant of claim 6, wherein the porous metallic layer covers an entire circumference of the outer sidewall surface of the distal portion.

8. The glenoid implant of claim 6, wherein the porous metallic layer continuously covers the outer sidewall surface of the distal portion.

9. The glenoid implant of claim 6, wherein the porous metallic layer covers the outer sidewall surface of the distal portion in a discontinuous configuration comprising one or more portions.

10. The glenoid implant of claim 1, further comprising one or more additional fixation features extending from the medial surface of the glenosphere, the one or more additional fixation features arranged to prevent rotation of the glenosphere relative to the glenoid when the glenoid implant is implanted in the glenoid.

11. The glenoid implant of claim 10, wherein each fixation feature of the one or more fixation features comprises a post.

12. The glenoid implant of any of the preceding claims, wherein the proximal end of the distal portion defines an opening extending distally into the distal portion and defining a cavity filled with the polymeric material, and wherein an inner surface of the cavity is provided with the metallic structure.

13. The glenoid implant of claim 12, wherein the metallic structure extends completely around the inner surface of the cavity as a continuous surface.

14. The glenoid implant of any one of claims 12 or 13, wherein the distal portion includes a plurality of flow ports providing fluid connection between the cavity and an exterior of the distal portion.

15. A method of forming the glenoid implant of any one of the preceding claims.

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