Complete multi-stage vertical flow guiding device, assembling method and sewage treatment equipment

Abstract

The present application relates to a complete multi-stage vertical flow guide device, an assembly method and a sewage treatment equipment, which can be assembled according to different types of sewage before treating the sewage, and the inner and outer inclined flow guide parts with appropriate size of screen holes are selected to form a flow guide unit suitable for the particle size distribution of the sewage; the different cycle paths (movement trajectories) of the granular sludge with different particle sizes can be realized through the backflow of the sludge-water mixture, so as to promote the rapid growth of the small-particle-size granular sludge (which needs to be quickly circulated to obtain better hydraulic conditions) and the efficient degradation of the medium-particle-size granular sludge (such as the anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge with medium particle size can obtain a longer residence time in the anaerobic zone), and solve the problem that the internal "dead zone" of the large-particle-size granular sludge is easily formed due to the blockage of mass transfer (such as oxygen and substrate cannot penetrate deeply), reduce the overall biological activity, and improve the overall purification effect of the reactor.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a complete multi-stage vertical flow guide device, an assembling method and a sewage treatment equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, in addition to the conventional physical method and chemical method for treating sewage, a sewage treatment technical scheme taking microbial degradation of pollutants as the core has appeared. Among them, the biological granular sludge microbial aggregate can significantly improve the pollutant removal efficiency and reduce the energy consumption, and is currently maturely applied in anaerobic and aerobic processes. However, the particle size difference of the biological granular sludge can directly determine its settling performance, biological activity and pollutant removal efficiency, and the particles in different particle size ranges are significantly differentiated in structure and function, and are closely related to the process operation state. Generally, in the traditional biological treatment process, the biological granular sludge is divided into three categories according to the particle size, i.e., small particle size (<0.5 mm), medium particle size (0.5-2 mm) and large particle size (>2 mm). For the anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge treatment system, the particle size of the granules can also be divided into three categories, i.e., small particle size, medium particle size and large particle size, and the specific values corresponding to the three categories are slightly different according to different classifications. Studies have shown that the degradation effect of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge with medium particle size (1-2 mm) is the best. The granular sludge in the above three categories of different particle sizes is obviously different in physical properties, microbial composition and function.

[0003] The influence of the particle size difference of the granular sludge on the process operation is reflected in the following aspects: ①settling performance and sludge-water separation: the larger the particle size, the faster the settling speed, and the surface load of the sedimentation tank can be improved, thereby reducing the tank volume. However, if the large particle size granules are excessively aggregated (such as >3 mm), they may be compacted at the bottom of the sedimentation tank, thereby affecting the sludge discharge efficiency. The small particle size granules are easy to be lost with the effluent, resulting in that the SS of the effluent exceeds the standard. ②biological activity and mass transfer efficiency: the “structure-activity” balance of the medium particle size granules is the best: the surface microorganisms can quickly contact the pollutants in the sewage, and the internal microenvironment can accommodate functional flora (such as denitrifying bacteria); the internal mass transfer of the large particle size granules is blocked (such as oxygen and substrate cannot penetrate deeply), forming a “dead zone”, thereby reducing the overall biological activity; although the mass transfer of the small particle size granules is fast, the biological amount is low, and the treatment load is limited. ③process stability and resistance: the mechanical strength of the medium particle size granules is high, and they are not easy to be disintegrated under the hydraulic impact or water quality fluctuation; the small particle size granules are easy to be washed away by the water flow, resulting in the loss of the system biological amount; the large particle size granules are resistant to impact, but toxic substances (such as heavy metals) may accumulate in the internal part, and the activity may decline in the long-term operation.

[0004] The growth of small-diameter granular sludge into large-diameter granular sludge is essentially a "gathering-stabilization" cycle involving microbial proliferation, metabolic product adhesion, and the external environment. It relies heavily on the precise control of microbial characteristics and process conditions, and can be divided into three stages: initial gathering, structural development, and particle size increase. Whether small-diameter particles can successfully grow into large-diameter particles depends on the precise control of process conditions and parameters; hydraulic and shear conditions (including motion paths) are among the core controlling factors.

[0005] Chinese patent application CN117069266A discloses a wastewater treatment device, specifically disclosing that a flow guiding assembly includes a first flow guiding section and a second flow guiding section connected sequentially from top to bottom along the axial direction of the inner cylinder. The first flow guiding section has through holes distributed on its circumferential sidewalls, allowing at least a portion of the downward flow to enter the first chamber through the through holes and at least a portion to enter the first chamber through the bottom end of the second flow guiding section. By providing two return flow paths, the flow field in the reaction chamber is optimized. This technical solution has the following two drawbacks: firstly, wastewater circulation through a single through hole cannot meet the growth requirements of specific types of functional microorganisms; secondly, the device treats only one type of wastewater and cannot make adaptive adjustments based on the particle size distribution of granular sludge in the wastewater.

[0006] Therefore, how to provide a device that can be adapted to different types of wastewater and achieve rapid growth of small-diameter granular sludge and efficient degradation of medium-diameter granular sludge by adjusting the particle movement path and hydraulic conditions, so as to further improve the wastewater treatment effect, is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a complete set of multi-stage vertical flow guiding devices, comprising: a hollow connecting unit and a flow guiding unit;

[0008] The flow guiding unit and the connecting unit are detachable and can be connected vertically end to end, with the same dimensions at the connection point;

[0009] The connecting unit includes several units of different diameters; the upper diameter is used to connect to the inner cylinder of the sewage treatment equipment; the lower diameter is used to connect to the upper end of the diversion unit.

[0010] The flow guiding unit includes an inner inclined flow guiding section and an outer inclined flow guiding section; on the inclined surface of the inner inclined flow guiding section, a multi-stage sieve with gradually increasing size is provided as the height decreases;

[0011] Through holes are provided inside the inner and outer inclined flow guide sections;

[0012] The diameter of the through hole is larger than the diameter of the sieve hole.

[0013] Further, the flow guiding unit comprises multiple layers of inner inclined flow guiding parts and at least one layer of outer inclined flow guiding part; each layer of inner inclined flow guiding part is provided with the same or different levels of screen holes; the screen hole diameter of the lower layer of inner inclined flow guiding part is larger than that of the upper layer of inner inclined flow guiding part.

[0014] Further, the inner inclined flow guiding parts of different layers are directly connected in sequence or connected through the outer inclined flow guiding part;

[0015] At least one outer inclined flow guiding part is arranged behind the terminal inner inclined flow guiding part.

[0016] Further, in the multiple layers of inner inclined flow guiding parts, the height of the inner inclined flow guiding part of the upper layer is smaller than that of the inner inclined flow guiding part of the lower layer; the height of the outer inclined flow guiding part of the upper layer is smaller than that of the outer inclined flow guiding part of the lower layer; the inward inclination angle of the inner inclined flow guiding part of the upper layer is larger than that of the inner inclined flow guiding part of the lower layer.

[0017] Further, the inner inclined flow guiding part comprises double-layer nested and relatively rotatable inner inclined flow guiding plates; multiple levels of screen holes are arranged at the corresponding positions of each layer of inner inclined flow guiding plate.

[0018] Further, in the double-layer nested and relatively rotatable inner inclined flow guiding plates, the inner inclined flow guiding plate located at the inner side is of an integral structure, and the inner inclined flow guiding plate located at the outer side is of a segmented structure in the vertical direction.

[0019] Further, it further comprises a flow pushing part arranged at the terminal end of one or more layers of inner inclined flow guiding parts.

[0020] The flow pushing part comprises a flow pushing bottom plate, a flow pushing shell frame, a flow pushing main shaft, flow pushing impeller pieces and a flow pushing driving part.

[0021] The flow pushing bottom plate is arranged at the bottom end of the inner inclined flow guiding part.

[0022] The flow pushing shell frame is arranged on the flow pushing bottom plate.

[0023] The flow pushing main shaft is arranged at the middle part of the flow pushing shell frame.

[0024] The flow pushing impeller pieces and the flow pushing driving part are nested and arranged outside the flow pushing main shaft.

[0025] Further, the up-down interval distance of each level of screen hole increases with the decrease of the height of the inner inclined flow guiding part.

[0026] On the other hand, the application also provides an assembling method of the multi-level vertical flow guiding device, which adopts any of the above multi-level vertical flow guiding devices and is used in a sewage treatment system; the steps of the method comprise:

[0027] Obtaining the particle size distribution and quantity of granular sludge of the sewage to be treated in the sewage treatment system;

[0028] The screen hole combination required is determined according to the particle size distribution and quantity of the granular sludge and the aeration quantity and liquid flow velocity in the sewage treatment system, and the inner inclined flow guide part and the outer inclined flow guide part required are selected according to the screen hole combination;

[0029] Assembling the inner inclined flow guide part and the outer inclined flow guide part of each layer;

[0030] According to the lower diameter of the inner cylinder to be connected and the upper diameter of the uppermost layer of the inner inclined flow guide part after assembly, a connecting unit with a proper diameter is selected for connection, and the assembly of the multi-stage vertical flow guide device is completed.

[0031] On the other hand, the application also provides a sewage treatment equipment comprising an inner cylinder, an outer cylinder and any of the above multi-stage vertical flow guide devices;

[0032] The multi-stage vertical flow guide device is connected to the axial bottom end of the inner cylinder.

[0033] The complete multi-stage vertical flow guide device, the assembly method and the sewage treatment equipment can first select the inner inclined flow guide part and the outer inclined flow guide part with proper size screen holes according to different types of sewage before treating the sewage, and form a flow guide unit suitable for the particle size distribution of the granular sludge; the different circulating paths (movement trajectories) of the granular sludge with different particle sizes can be realized through the backflow of the sludge-water mixture, so as to promote the rapid growth of the small-particle-size granular sludge (which needs to be quickly circulated to obtain better hydraulic conditions) and the efficient degradation of the medium-particle-size granular sludge (such as the anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge with medium particle size which can obtain a longer residence time in the anaerobic zone), and solve the problem of "dead zone" formed in the large-particle-size granular sludge due to mass transfer obstruction (such as oxygen and substrate cannot penetrate deeply), reduce the overall biological activity, and improve the overall purification effect of the reactor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only show some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to the structures shown in these drawings without any creative labor. In the drawings, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals. The drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportions.

[0035] Figure 1 A schematic view of an embodiment of a multi-stage vertical flow guide device of the present application;

[0036] Figure 2 A top view schematic view of an embodiment of an inner inclined flow guide part of a multi-stage vertical flow guide device of the present application;

[0037] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an inner inclined guide plate located on the inner side of a multi-stage vertical flow guiding device according to the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the multi-stage vertical flow guide device of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the propulsion section of a multi-stage vertical flow guide device according to the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a top view schematic diagram of an embodiment of the flow-pushing section of a multi-stage vertical flow-guiding device according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may be an intervening component present. When a component is referred to as "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intervening component present.

[0043] It should also be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications, such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc., these directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly. Furthermore, if the embodiments of the present invention involve descriptions such as "first," "second," "S1," "S2," "step one," "step two," etc., these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or the order of method execution. Those skilled in the art will understand that anything that does not violate the inventive concept and does not contradict the inventive points should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] This application provides a complete set of multi-stage vertical flow guiding devices, including: a hollow connecting unit A and a flow guiding unit;

[0045] The flow guiding unit and the connecting unit are detachable and can be connected vertically end to end, with the same dimensions at the connection point;

[0046] The connecting unit includes several units of different diameters; the upper diameter A1 is used to connect to the inner cylinder of the sewage treatment equipment; the lower diameter A2 is used to connect to the upper end of the diversion unit.

[0047] The flow guiding unit includes: an inner inclined flow guiding part 1 and an outer inclined flow guiding part 2; on the inclined surface of the inner inclined flow guiding part, a multi-stage sieve with gradually increasing size is provided as the height decreases;

[0048] Through holes are provided inside the inner and outer inclined flow guide sections;

[0049] The diameter of the through hole is larger than the diameter of the sieve hole.

[0050] In this embodiment, a multi-stage vertical flow guiding device is provided. Before treating wastewater, inner and outer inclined flow guiding sections with appropriate screen aperture sizes are selected and assembled according to different types of wastewater to form a flow guiding unit adapted to the particle size distribution of the wastewater. For example, the particle size distribution in the wastewater is as follows: clear liquid, flocculent sludge (the particle size of flocculent sludge is smaller than that of small granular sludge), small-diameter granular sludge, and large-diameter granular sludge. Large-diameter granular sludge is blocked by the multi-stage sieve group on the inner inclined guide section, thus circulating along the outer side of the inner cylinder, the outer side of the inner inclined guide section, the outer side of the outer inclined guide section, and the through hole, along the first circulation path. Simultaneously, anaerobic ammonia oxidation occurs, removing the corresponding pollutants. Meanwhile, the clear liquid, flocculent sludge, and small-diameter granular sludge are further separated at the inner inclined guide section. The clear liquid enters the inner cylinder immediately through the uppermost, smallest-sized first-stage sieve, while the flocculent sludge and small-diameter granular sludge sequentially enter the through hole of the inner inclined guide section along different lower-level sieves, carrying out internal circulation. In other words, the clear liquid and flocculent sludge... Although both sludge and small-diameter granular sludge are guided into the internal circulation through the inward inclined guide section, they undergo gradient screening based on particle size through multi-stage sieves. They circulate and grow in layers according to different circulation paths. The smaller the particle size of the granular sludge, the shorter the circulation path and the faster the circulation speed, which can accelerate its growth into large-diameter granular sludge. Furthermore, it attaches and cultivates corresponding functional microorganisms, improving the circulation efficiency of granular sludge according to different particle sizes. After growing into large granular sludge, the large granular sludge undergoes an anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction at the outward inclined guide section, removing the corresponding pollutants in the wastewater and greatly improving the wastewater treatment effect. In summary, this application provides a complete set of multi-stage vertical flow guiding devices. The key is that, since it needs to adapt to different types of sewage, complete the gradient screening and stratified circulation of sewage according to the particle size of sludge particles, and realize the cultivation of specific functional microorganisms to further improve the sewage treatment effect, it is necessary to select inner inclined flow guiding parts and outer inclined flow guiding parts with different sizes of multi-stage sieve holes to form a suitable flow guiding unit. The technical problem to be solved is that different diameter connecting units are needed to connect the inner inclined flow guiding parts of different sizes to the upper inner cylinder, thereby forming the whole flow guiding device. This is the core of the flow guiding device of this application.

[0051] More preferably, the same-stage sieve holes on the inclined surface of the inner inclined guide section are evenly distributed circumferentially along the inclined surface. This allows granular sludge of the corresponding particle size range to pass through the inner inclined guide section evenly in the circumferential direction, and then enter the inner reaction chamber for circulation, further improving the stratified circulation effect and avoiding turbulence.

[0052] For example, the aperture of the topmost sieve in the uppermost inclined guide section is 0.1 cm, and the aperture of each sieve below it increases sequentially until it reaches a maximum of 0.2 cm.

[0053] The diameter of the uppermost sieve hole in the next layer of the inner inclined guide section is 0.2 cm, and the diameter of each sieve hole increases sequentially downwards until it reaches a maximum of 0.3 cm;

[0054] The diameter of the uppermost sieve hole in the next layer of the inner inclined guide section is 0.3 cm, and the diameter of the sieve holes in each subsequent layer increases until the maximum is 0.4 cm.

[0055] The diameter of the uppermost sieve hole in the next layer of the inner inclined guide section is 0.4 cm, and the diameter of the sieve holes in each subsequent layer increases until the maximum is 0.5 cm.

[0056] The sieve holes on the flow guiding components in the next layer are all 0.5 cm.

[0057] In this embodiment, the sieve openings (0.1–0.2 cm) of the uppermost inclined guide section preferentially trap flocculent sludge and small granular sludge for rapid circulation and growth. Once the particles grow to a size greater than 0.2 cm, they naturally settle to the next layer (0.2–0.3 cm) and continue circulating. As the particle size further increases to greater than 0.3 cm, the particles continue to sink into the next layer (0.3–0.4 cm), until the largest particles circulate at the bottom layer (0.5 cm). This achieves a continuous, graded, and layered cyclic growth process for granular sludge, from flocculent sludge and small granular sludge to large granular sludge. Small granular sludge has a short circulation path and high circulation speed in the upper guide component, accelerating adsorption, collision, and growth rates, rapidly growing into large particles. Small-diameter granular sludge grows layer by layer along the guide component, ensuring a reasonable distribution of particles of different sizes at different heights, resulting in a uniform and stable flow field and avoiding turbulence.

[0058] More preferably, in the multi-stage vertical flow guiding device, the flow guiding unit includes multiple layers of inner inclined flow guiding parts and at least one layer of outer inclined flow guiding parts; each layer of inner inclined flow guiding parts is provided with the same or different levels of sieve holes; the sieve hole diameter on the lower layer of inner inclined flow guiding parts is larger than the sieve hole diameter on the upper layer of inner inclined flow guiding parts.

[0059] In this embodiment, the sieve holes on the multi-layered inclined guide section further divide granular sludge within a certain particle size range according to particle size, and correspondingly lengthen the path of the granular sludge, thereby enabling stratified circulation in different levels of liquid flow. Compared to a single-layered inclined guide section, the multi-layered inclined guide section achieves more levels of liquid flow path division within a limited space, further improving the circulation efficiency of granular sludge. This is particularly suitable for situations with high sludge concentration and extremely fine particle size; the multi-layered connected inclined guide section further improves screening efficiency and circulation effect. Figure 4 As shown, when using the external inclined guide section for transition, taking the structure of the first layer of internal inclined guide section 11 - the first layer of external inclined guide section 21 - the second layer of internal inclined guide section 12 - the second layer of external inclined guide section 22 - the third layer of internal inclined guide section 13 - the third layer of external inclined guide section 23 as an example, the granular sludge can be screened, circulated and grown when passing through each layer of internal inclined guide section, and then slowly falls on the next layer of external inclined guide section, and then enters the next layer of internal inclined guide section, and undergoes stratified circulation and growth again, and so on, until it grows into large granular sludge that cannot pass through all the sieve holes; avoiding the clogging of the granular sludge at the sieve holes during the circulation process, the transition of the external inclined guide section can control the circulation volume and circulation time of the granular sludge, thereby achieving efficient graded circulation and granular cultivation effect. Under this multi-layer, multi-stage design, the number of layers, reaction height, and screen aperture size of each level of the inner and outer inclined guide sections can be flexibly adjusted according to different water qualities, sludge concentrations, and particle sizes. This allows for the screening of particles of different sizes along the circulation path and control of particle residence time, adapting to different working conditions.

[0060] More preferably, the inner inclined guide sections of each layer are directly connected end to end or are connected via an outer inclined guide section.

[0061] At least one external oblique guide is provided after the inner oblique guide section at the end.

[0062] In this embodiment, the connection relationship between the various levels of the inclined guide sections is further refined. By setting direct end-to-end connections between the inclined guide sections, the wastewater flow can quickly form a more detailed stratified circulation based on particle size among the multiple layers of inclined guide sections, accelerating the internal circulation time and increasing particle growth rate. When the inclined guide sections are connected via external inclined guide sections, the local flow velocity can be further adjusted to extend the circulation time of sludge particles of different sizes. This allows the functional microorganisms contained within or attached to the sludge particles to continuously grow during their growth process, achieving a better circulation effect. Specifically, whether the inclined guide sections are directly connected end-to-end or connected via external inclined guide sections can be arbitrarily adjusted according to the specific particle size of the sludge particles and the time required for particle growth. When accelerated internal circulation is needed, direct connection is possible; when extended reaction time is needed, connection via external inclined guide sections is possible. This flexible design can further match the actual situation of the current reaction. Based on this, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation microorganisms attached to the large-diameter sludge particles in the external inclined guide section at the end can slowly fall down along the external inclined guide section and fully complete the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction, thus achieving a better denitrification effect.

[0063] More preferably, in the multi-layered inwardly inclined guide section, the height of the inwardly inclined guide section of the upper layer is less than the height of the inwardly inclined guide section of the lower layer; the height of the outwardly inclined guide section of the upper layer is less than the height of the outwardly inclined guide section of the lower layer; and the inward tilt angle of the inwardly inclined guide section of the upper layer is greater than the inward tilt angle of the inwardly inclined guide section of the lower layer.

[0064] In this embodiment, the specific height and inclination angle settings are adjusted according to the reaction process, rather than being conventional technical choices. 1. Height variation: The lower layer of the inclined guide section is higher than the upper layer because as particles increase in size, the required reaction time also increases, meaning the internal circulation time needs to be lengthened. This height variation further differentiates the length of the circulation path for granular sludge of different particle sizes, improving the circulation effect and growth rate of the granular sludge. 2. Inclination angle variation: The inward inclination angle of the inclined guide section increases sequentially from top to bottom, gradually increasing the space between the inclined guide section and the sidewall of the reaction vessel. This provides greater reaction space for particles with larger particle sizes, increases the overall wastewater flow space, and reduces the risk of large-diameter granular sludge accumulation in the flow channel. Overall, this design further lengthens the circulation path for granular sludge with a wider particle size range, further increases the number of screening layers and the difference in circulation path length, and improves the circulation effect and growth rate of the granular sludge.

[0065] More preferably, the inner inclined guide section includes a double-layered nested inner inclined guide plate that can rotate relative to each other; each inner inclined guide plate has a multi-stage sieve hole at a corresponding position.

[0066] In this embodiment, the inner inclined guide section is further defined as a double-layer nested structure, including an inner plate 11a and an outer plate 11b. By rotating the inner or outer inner inclined guide plate, the overlapping area of ​​the screen holes can be changed, thereby synchronously adjusting the aperture of the multi-stage screen holes to adapt to wastewater with different sludge concentrations and improve the applicability of the device.

[0067] More preferably, in the double-nested and relatively rotatable inner inclined guide vanes, the inner inclined guide vane on the inner side is an integral structure, while the inner inclined guide vane on the outer side is a segmented structure in the vertical direction.

[0068] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, when the multi-stage sieve holes include a first-stage sieve hole 311, a second-stage sieve hole 312, a third-stage sieve hole 313, and a fourth-stage sieve hole 314 arranged sequentially from top to bottom, the inner inclined guide plate located on the inner side, i.e., the inner plate, is also divided into four sections, including: a first segment structure 111, a second segment structure 112, a third segment structure 113, and a fourth segment structure 114, which correspond to the first-stage sieve hole 311, the second-stage sieve hole 312, the third-stage sieve hole 313, and the fourth-stage sieve hole 314, respectively. When it is necessary to adjust the aperture size of any first-stage sieve hole, it is only necessary to rotate the corresponding segment structure, which does not affect the size of the sieve holes in the other stages, thereby improving the adjustment accuracy of the device and further improving the adjustment range of the guide device.

[0069] More preferably, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the multi-stage vertical flow guide device also includes a flow propulsion section 3, which is disposed at the end of one or more inner inclined flow guide sections;

[0070] The propulsion unit 3 includes: a propulsion base plate 31, a propulsion housing 32, a propulsion main shaft 33, a propulsion impeller 34, and a propulsion drive component 35;

[0071] A flow-pushing base plate is located at the bottom end of the inner inclined guide section;

[0072] The jet propulsion housing is mounted on the jet propulsion base plate;

[0073] The main propulsion shaft is located in the middle of the propulsion housing;

[0074] The impeller blades and the drive components are nested outside the main shaft.

[0075] In this embodiment, a propulsion section can be optionally provided at the end of the inclined guide section within each layer. This allows for determining whether to increase the propulsion force and raise the inward negative pressure at that location based on the particle size required to be introduced by the inclined guide section, thus enabling faster intake of particles of the corresponding size. Furthermore, the internal circulation time at that location can be controlled based on the specific growth time required for the particles, achieving a more suitable particle growth path and time. A specific structure for the propulsion section is also provided, where the propulsion shell and propulsion base plate primarily serve a supporting function. The propulsion drive component drives the propulsion main shaft to rotate, thereby causing the blades nested on the propulsion main shaft to rotate. On the one hand, the continuously rotating impeller blades push the wastewater upwards, accelerating the upward flow velocity of the wastewater. In the wastewater granular sludge system, the sludge particles carried in the wastewater fluid rise rapidly along the direction of fluid movement, and a lateral negative pressure is formed at the multi-stage sieve openings, driving and accelerating the granular sludge to complete the circulation. On the other hand, the continuous collision and impact of the impeller blades with the wastewater causes the tiny bubbles carried by the granular sludge to separate under the action of turbulence and mutual collision. After degassing, the granular sludge can better collide or adsorb with dissolved substances in a turbulent mixed state. The propulsion section can solve the problems of insufficient circulation power of the mixed liquid, low upward flow velocity of granular sludge, and difficulty in separating tiny bubbles carried by granular sludge in the flow guiding device, thereby increasing the propulsion velocity of the solution, shortening the circulation time of the liquid flow, and improving the wastewater treatment rate.

[0076] More preferably, the bottom plate 31 and the shell 32 are in the shape of a trapezoidal frustum; the lower edge of the trapezoidal frustum is flush with the end of the inner inclined guide section 1; the upper edge of the trapezoidal frustum is lower than the position of the sieve hole 30 on the inner inclined guide section 1.

[0077] In this embodiment, a preferred embodiment of the pusher plate and pusher shell is provided. The circular base plate + trapezoidal frustum design allows the pusher device to fit snugly against the inner surface of the inner inclined guide section, ensuring a sealed structure between them. When combined with the aeration device to push upwards, it can generate a stronger negative pressure, continuously drawing in clear liquid, flocculent sludge, and fine-particle sludge through the screen holes for internal circulation, further improving the diversion and purification effect. The upper edge height of the pusher section does not exceed the position of the lowest level screen hole in the multi-stage screen, i.e., the height of the pusher section does not exceed the position of the lowest screen hole. In this way, when the pusher section pushes upwards, it can generate a negative pressure effect at the multi-stage screen hole position, promoting the effective intake of granular sludge without blocking the granular sludge from entering through the screen holes, while reducing disturbance to the stratified circulation path of granular sludge, further improving the circulation efficiency of granular sludge. It is worth noting that the screen apertures are larger towards the bottom, allowing for the passage of larger granular sludge particles. The plugging section has a stronger pushing ability for larger granular sludge particles, accelerating their circulation. Simultaneously, the inward-sloping configuration of the internally inclined guide section ensures that granular sludge particles of different sizes flow at different speeds, resulting in automatic stratified flow during vertical circulation. This allows for the continuous circulation and growth of both granular and flocculent sludge, achieving efficient stratified utilization of granular sludge.

[0078] More preferably, the vertical spacing between each sieve aperture increases as the height of the inner inclined guide section decreases.

[0079] In this embodiment, the screen hole spacing is further increased as the height decreases. On the one hand, as the particle size increases, the internal circulation time can be gradually lengthened to allow for full reaction. On the other hand, the stratification spacing of granular sludge with different particle size ranges is larger, and the stratification circulation path of granular sludge with different particle size ranges is also longer. This avoids granular sludge blockage or flow obstruction caused by excessively dense screen holes, and further improves the stratification circulation effect.

[0080] For example, when the vertical flow guiding device is set inside the circular outer cylinder, the lower edge dimension (inner diameter) of each layer of inner inclined guiding part and the upper edge dimension of each layer of outer inclined guiding part are taken as integers (in centimeters) of 1 / 5 to 1 / 3 of the inner diameter of the reactor outer cylinder, which is suitable for the new type of vertical flow reactor. From top to bottom, the upper edge dimension (inner diameter) of the inner inclined guide section of the first layer is twice its lower edge dimension; the upper edge dimension (inner diameter) of the inner inclined guide section of the nth layer (n is an integer greater than 1, and no more than 9) is the same as the lower edge dimension of the outer inclined guide section of the (n-1)th layer; the lower edge dimension (inner diameter) of the outer inclined guide section of the bottom layer is twice its upper edge dimension; the upper edge dimension (inner diameter) of the inner inclined guide section of the second to fifth layers is an integer (in centimeters) of 1.8, 1.6, 1.4, and 1.2 times its lower edge dimension, respectively; the upper edge dimension (inner diameter) of the inner inclined guide section of the sixth to ninth layers is an integer (in centimeters) of 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, and 1.8 times its lower edge dimension, respectively.

[0081] Preferably, a first fixing ring hole is provided on the outer side of the uppermost inner inclined guide section and the outer side of the lowermost outer inclined guide section, and the two sections are fixedly connected to the outside through the first fixing ring hole; a second fixing ring hole is provided at the connection point of each layer of guide components, and the layers of guide components are flexibly connected through the second fixing ring hole. This makes the multi-layer guide components easy to disassemble and assemble, and maintains the balance and shape of each layer.

[0082] On the other hand, this application also provides an assembly method for using the above-mentioned multi-stage vertical flow guide device for a wastewater treatment system, the method comprising the following steps:

[0083] S1: Obtain the particle size distribution and quantity of granular sludge in the wastewater to be treated in the wastewater treatment system;

[0084] S2: Determine the required sieve aperture combination based on the particle size distribution and quantity of granular sludge, as well as the aeration rate and liquid flow velocity in the wastewater treatment system, and select the required inner inclined guide section and outer inclined guide section based on the sieve aperture combination.

[0085] S3: Assemble the inner and outer inclined flow guides of each layer;

[0086] S4: Based on the lower diameter of the inner cylinder to be connected and the upper diameter of the uppermost inclined guide section after assembly, select a suitable connecting unit to connect and complete the assembly of the multi-stage vertical guide device.

[0087] This embodiment presents an assembly method for a multi-stage vertical flow guiding device. This method allows for flexible selection of internal and external inclined flow guiding sections based on the particle size distribution and quantity of granular sludge in the wastewater to be treated, as well as the aeration rate and flow velocity in the wastewater treatment system. This enables customized assembly of the multi-stage vertical flow guiding device. On one hand, by matching the selected sieve hole combination in the internal inclined flow guiding section with the particle size of the granular sludge, the stratified circulation of the granular sludge can be effectively achieved, promoting the gradual aggregation of small-diameter particles into larger-diameter particles and facilitating the aggregation and growth of microorganisms in the granular sludge. On the other hand, based on the combination of multiple layers of internal and external inclined flow guiding sections, the circulation path length and circulation time of granular sludge with different particle sizes can be adjusted to achieve better circulation effects and the cultivation effect of functional microorganisms.

[0088] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a sewage treatment device, including an inner cylinder, an outer cylinder and any one of the above-mentioned multi-stage vertical flow guide devices;

[0089] A multi-stage vertical flow guide device is connected to the axial bottom end of the inner cylinder 100.

[0090] In this embodiment, the multi-stage vertical flow guiding device of the present invention is connected to the axial bottom end of the inner cylinder and applied in granular sludge wastewater treatment equipment / systems / processes. Through the reflux of the sludge-water mixture, different circulation paths (trajectories) are achieved for granular sludge of different particle sizes. This promotes the rapid growth of small-diameter granular sludge (which requires rapid circulation to obtain better hydraulic conditions) and the efficient degradation of medium-diameter granular sludge (such as medium-diameter anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge, which can obtain a longer residence time in the anaerobic zone). It also solves the problem of large-diameter particles easily forming "dead zones" due to mass transfer obstruction (such as oxygen and substrate not being able to penetrate deeply), reducing overall biological activity and improving the overall purification effect of the reactor. Specifically:

[0091] When the wastewater treatment equipment is working, water enters from the center of the multi-stage vertical flow guide device, exits from the outer perimeter, and aeration occurs at the center of the bottom of the device. The wastewater or sludge mixture to be treated rises from inside the device, flows around the top edge, and then descends along the outer wall, eventually passing through the sieve holes or around the bottom edge to enter the internal circulation. Granular sludge of different sizes passes through sieve holes of progressively larger diameters from top to bottom along the outer wall of the device, with the largest granular sludge bypassing the bottom edge. Smaller flocculent sludge circulates faster, while larger granular sludge circulates slower. The largest granular sludge can remain for a long time on the outermost edge of the vertical flow guide device (corresponding to the anaerobic zone).

[0092] The assembly method of the aforementioned multi-stage vertical flow guide device and the wastewater treatment equipment are created based on the aforementioned complete set of multi-stage vertical flow guide devices. The combination of their technical effects and features will not be elaborated further here. The above embodiments only illustrate several implementation methods of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A complete set of multi-stage vertical flow guidance devices, characterized in that, include: Hollow connecting unit and flow guiding unit; The flow guiding unit and the connecting unit are detachable and can be connected vertically end to end, with the same dimensions at the connection point; The flow guiding unit includes an inner inclined flow guiding section and an outer inclined flow guiding section; on the inclined surface of the inner inclined flow guiding section, a multi-stage sieve with gradually increasing size is provided as the height decreases; Through holes are provided inside the inner and outer inclined flow guide sections; The diameter of the through hole is larger than the diameter of the sieve hole; The connecting unit includes several units of different diameters to connect the inner inclined guide sections of different sizes to the inner cylinder of the sewage treatment equipment; the upper diameter is used to connect to the inner cylinder of the sewage treatment equipment; the lower diameter is used to connect to the upper end of the guide unit.

2. The multi-stage vertical flow guide device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow guiding unit includes multiple layers of inward inclined flow guiding sections and at least one layer of outward inclined flow guiding section; each layer of inward inclined flow guiding section is provided with sieve holes of the same or different grades; the sieve hole diameter on the lower layer of inward inclined flow guiding section is larger than the sieve hole diameter on the upper layer of inward inclined flow guiding section.

3. The multi-stage vertical flow guide device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner inclined guide sections of each layer are directly connected end to end or connected via an outer inclined guide section; At least one external oblique guide is provided after the inner oblique guide section at the end.

4. The multi-stage vertical flow guide device according to claim 3, characterized in that, In a multi-layered inward-sloping guide section, the height of the inward-sloping guide section of the upper layer is less than the height of the inward-sloping guide section of the lower layer; the height of the outward-sloping guide section of the upper layer is less than the height of the outward-sloping guide section of the lower layer; and the inward tilt angle of the inward-sloping guide section of the upper layer is greater than the inward tilt angle of the inward-sloping guide section of the lower layer.

5. The multi-stage vertical flow guide device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner inclined guide section includes a double-layered nested inner inclined guide plate that can rotate relative to each other; each inner inclined guide plate has a corresponding position with multiple levels of sieve holes.

6. The multi-stage vertical flow guide device according to claim 3, characterized in that, In the double-nested and relatively rotatable inner inclined guide vanes, the inner inclined guide vane on the inner side is an integral structure, while the inner inclined guide vane on the outer side is a segmented structure in the vertical direction.

7. The multi-stage vertical flow guide device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, It also includes a flow-pushing section, which is located at the end of one or more inner inclined flow-guiding sections; The propulsion section includes: a propulsion base plate, a propulsion housing, a propulsion main shaft, propulsion impeller blades, and a propulsion drive component; A flow-pushing base plate is located at the bottom end of the inner inclined flow guide section; The jet propulsion housing is mounted on the jet propulsion base plate; The main propulsion shaft is located in the middle of the propulsion housing; The impeller blades and the drive components are nested outside the main shaft.

8. The multi-stage vertical flow guide device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical spacing between the sieve holes increases as the height of the inner inclined guide section decreases.

9. A method for assembling a multi-stage vertical flow guide device, characterized in that, The multi-stage vertical flow guide device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is used in a wastewater treatment system, the method comprising the following steps: Obtain the particle size distribution and quantity of granular sludge in the wastewater to be treated in the wastewater treatment system; The required sieve aperture combination is determined based on the particle size distribution and quantity of granular sludge, as well as the aeration rate and liquid flow velocity in the wastewater treatment system, and the required inner inclined guide section and outer inclined guide section are selected based on the sieve aperture combination. Assemble the inner and outer inclined flow guides of each layer; Based on the lower diameter of the inner cylinder to be connected and the upper diameter of the top layer of the assembled inclined guide section, select a suitable connecting unit to connect them and complete the assembly of the multi-stage vertical guide device.

10. A wastewater treatment device, characterized in that, Includes an inner cylinder, an outer cylinder, and a multi-stage vertical flow guide device as described in any one of claims 1 to 8; A multi-stage vertical flow guide device is connected to the axial bottom end of the inner cylinder.

Images