Stratum analysis method based on tectonic geomorphic dynamics and stratum forward modeling

Abstract

The invention discloses a stratigraphic analysis method based on tectonic landform dynamics and stratigraphic forward modeling, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining geological information of a target region, constructing a regional geological conceptual model, and determining key input parameters through the regional geological conceptual model; dynamic forward modeling simulation of the tectonic landform is executed, a basin-mountain ancient landform quantitative model is established based on the key input parameters, and rationality analysis is carried out; exporting quantitative geological parameters based on the pot-mountain ancient landform quantitative model; stratum deposition process quantitative simulation is executed, the quantitative geological parameters serve as quantitative input parameters, a sedimentary stratum quantitative model is established, and rationality analysis is carried out; and based on the sedimentary strata quantitative model, quantitatively representing sedimentary strata development characteristics, and predicting dominant sand body distribution in the target area. The method has the effect of improving the accuracy and applicability of the stratum analysis process.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of geological numerical forward modeling and quantitative analysis, and particularly relates to a stratum analysis method based on tectonic geomorphology dynamics and stratum forward modeling. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of basin tectonic-sedimentary evolution, the sediment accumulation process drives the dynamic evolution of different paleo-landforms in the basin and controls the shape and scale of the hydrodynamic system. The development process of the hydrodynamic system also exerts feedback control on the sediment flux and diffusion pattern. In order to finely dissect the stratum structure and evolution mechanism, the sediment erosion-filling process, dynamics evolution and related associated feedback mechanisms between the source erosion area and the sedimentation area need to be comprehensively analyzed, the source-sink system and the quantitative model of paleo-landform evolution are established in the basin-mountain coupling background, and on this basis, the quantitative model of sedimentary stratum is carried out, the sedimentary evolution process is quantitatively characterized, and the development characteristics and distribution rules of the dominant sand body in the sedimentary process are predicted.

[0003] The analysis method in the related art is still limited to the qualitative-semiquantitative analysis stage, and seriously depends on the support of drilling and high-quality seismic data. In the area without wells or with few wells, geological research cannot be carried out, which hinders the analysis of stratum development characteristics and controlling factors, and further leads to substantial differences in the interpretation of sedimentary distribution model and evolution process. The discontinuity of the stratum in part of the research area and the different contact relationship with the overlying and underlying stratum lead to the limitation of the distribution of the residual thickness, so that the traditional qualitative conclusion based on thickness is unreliable, and the sedimentary facies type division is greatly affected by the subjective judgment of the researchers. Under the background of complex basin tectonic-sedimentary evolution, the existing qualitative-semiquantitative analysis method cannot meet the fine and deep research needs, and has the problems of poor precision and low applicability. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a stratum analysis method based on tectonic geomorphology dynamics and stratum forward modeling, which can improve the accuracy and applicability of the stratum analysis process.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following solutions: In a first aspect, the application provides a stratum analysis method based on tectonic geomorphology dynamics and stratum forward modeling, characterized in that the stratum analysis method based on tectonic geomorphology dynamics and stratum forward modeling comprises: obtaining geological information of a target area, constructing a regional geological conceptual model, and determining key input parameters through the regional geological conceptual model; performing tectonic geomorphology dynamics forward modeling, and establishing a basin-mountain paleogeomorphology quantitative model based on the key input parameters, and performing rationality analysis on the model; deriving quantitative geological parameters based on the basin-mountain paleogeomorphology quantitative model; performing stratum sedimentation process quantitative modeling, and taking the quantitative geological parameters as quantitative input parameters to establish a sedimentary stratum quantitative model; performing rationality analysis on the model, quantitatively representing sedimentary stratum development characteristics based on the sedimentary stratum quantitative model, and predicting the distribution of dominant sand bodies in the target area.

[0006] Illustratively, the regional geological conceptual model is an integrated summary model of the geological information, used to restore the key input parameters, and the key input parameters include initial sedimentary paleogeomorphology, sea level change, paleoprecipitation, orogenic belt uplift rate, uplift height, and basin subsidence amount.

[0007] Illustratively, after the basin-mountain paleogeomorphology quantitative model is established based on the key input parameters, the method further comprises: representing the basin-mountain coupling evolution process of the target area through the basin-mountain paleogeomorphology quantitative model, specifically comprising: performing water power system analysis on the basin-mountain paleogeomorphology quantitative model to obtain dynamic evolution data of river flow direction, flow change process, and main river channel development characteristics; quantitatively calculating denudation process data of different geological periods based on the basin-mountain paleogeomorphology quantitative model, including orogenic belt denudation rate and denudation amount change process; quantitatively summarizing the complete evolution process of sediments from orogenic belt denudation, transportation through water power system, to filling in the basin based on the dynamic evolution data and denudation process data; forming the basin-mountain coupling process and source-sink system evolution mode of the target area by comprehensively considering the complete evolution process and tectonic background.

[0008] Illustratively, the quantitative geological parameters include paleotopography, subsidence amount, and water power system information, and the water power system information includes river inflow position, river direction, river flow, and sediment density.

[0009] The quantitative geological parameters are derived based on the basin-mountain paleo-geomorphic quantitative model, including: identifying and defining a provenance area in the basin-mountain paleo-geomorphic quantitative model; extracting paleo-topographic elevation data and tectonic subsidence data at a preset simulation time point from the basin-mountain paleo-geomorphic quantitative model; extracting spatial coordinates of a river entering a basin as a river entering position, extracting a flow direction vector of the river as the river direction, and extracting time series data of the river flow and sediment density for each provenance area from the simulated hydrodynamic system; mapping the river flow data to a rate parameter of a fluid element in a quantitative simulation of a stratigraphic deposition process, and mapping the sediment density data to a sediment concentration parameter in the fluid element.

[0010] The quantitative geological parameters are derived based on the basin-mountain paleo-geomorphic quantitative model, including: identifying and defining a provenance area in the basin-mountain paleo-geomorphic quantitative model; extracting paleo-topographic elevation data and tectonic subsidence data at a preset simulation time point from the basin-mountain paleo-geomorphic quantitative model; extracting spatial coordinates of a river entering a basin as a river entering position, extracting a flow direction vector of the river as the river direction, and extracting time series data of the river flow and sediment density for each provenance area from the simulated hydrodynamic system; mapping the river flow data to a rate parameter of a fluid element in a quantitative simulation of a stratigraphic deposition process, and mapping the sediment density data to a sediment concentration parameter in the fluid element. ; In the formula, C is a percentage of each provenance area in the sediment supply, E is an average erosion amount in a single time step, Ne is a number of grid nodes that produce erosion in a single time step, S is a total amount of sediment provided by an orogenic belt in a single time step; and the sediment supply contribution rate is used to constrain the relative sediment supply amount of each provenance area. (t) (t) (t)

[0011] The quantitative geological parameters are derived based on the basin-mountain paleo-geomorphic quantitative model, including: identifying and defining a provenance area in the basin-mountain paleo-geomorphic quantitative model; extracting paleo-topographic elevation data and tectonic subsidence data at a preset simulation time point from the basin-mountain paleo-geomorphic quantitative model; extracting spatial coordinates of a river entering a basin as a river entering position, extracting a flow direction vector of the river as the river direction, and extracting time series data of the river flow and sediment density for each provenance area from the simulated hydrodynamic system; mapping the river flow data to a rate parameter of a fluid element in a quantitative simulation of a stratigraphic deposition process, and mapping the sediment density data to a sediment concentration parameter in the fluid element.

[0012] ​​​For example, the step of quantitatively characterizing the development characteristics of sedimentary strata and predicting the distribution of dominant sand bodies in the target area based on the quantitative sedimentary strata model specifically includes: extracting vertical lithological sequences, sedimentary thickness, and three-dimensional spatiotemporal distribution data of sedimentary facies from the quantitative sedimentary strata model to quantitatively characterize stratigraphic development characteristics and sedimentary evolution processes; extracting sand body thickness data separately from the quantitative sedimentary strata model to generate a three-dimensional distribution map of sand bodies to quantitatively characterize the spatial development characteristics of sand bodies; calculating the sandstone percentage content of each three-dimensional grid cell based on the lithological data in the quantitative sedimentary strata model and generating a sandstone content distribution map; delineating sandstone enrichment areas based on the three-dimensional distribution map of sand bodies and the sandstone content distribution map, and predicting the distribution of dominant sand bodies in the target area.

[0013] For example, calculating the sandstone percentage of each three-dimensional grid cell based on the lithological data in the quantitative sedimentary stratigraphy model includes: confirming the sandstone and mudstone thicknesses in the quantitative sedimentary stratigraphy model based on the lithological data; and calculating the sandstone percentage of each three-dimensional grid cell based on the sandstone and mudstone thicknesses, as shown in the following formula: ; Among them, P s T represents the percentage of sandstone in the quantitative model of the sedimentary strata. s T represents the sandstone thickness in the quantitative model of the sedimentary strata. mud The mudstone thickness is given in the quantitative model of the sedimentary strata.

[0014] Secondly, this application also provides a computer device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the stratigraphic analysis method based on tectonic geomorphological dynamics and stratigraphic forward modeling of any of the above-mentioned methods.

[0015] According to the specific embodiments provided in this application, the following technical effects are disclosed: This application provides a stratigraphic analysis method based on tectonic geomorphological dynamics and stratigraphic forward modeling. By providing quantitative output from tectonic geomorphological dynamics simulation, it offers key quantitative input parameters for stratigraphic forward modeling, completely changing the traditional method's reliance on subjective parameter setting based on human experience. This makes the simulation process and results more realistic and reliable. By systematically coupling tectonic geomorphological dynamics forward modeling with quantitative simulation of stratigraphic sedimentary processes, this invention retains the ability to dynamically represent the system's evolutionary process while achieving a detailed characterization of the basin's internal features. Ultimately, it quantitatively calculates the distribution areas of dominant sand bodies, thereby directly and clearly indicating favorable exploration target areas. This provides theoretical support for the exploration of complex basins and has the advantages of higher accuracy and greater applicability. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the stratigraphic analysis method based on tectonic geomorphological dynamics and stratigraphic forward modeling in the embodiments of this application.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating the evolution of the hydrodynamic system in the forward modeling of geomorphic dynamics in the embodiments of this application.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a comparison diagram of the range of forward modeling of tectonic geomorphic dynamics and quantitative simulation of stratigraphic sedimentary processes in the embodiments of this application.

[0020] Figure 4 This is an initial paleogeographic map used for quantitative simulation of the stratigraphic deposition process provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a map showing the tectonic subsidence volume, which is a quantitative simulation of the stratigraphic deposition process provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the initial location and direction of the source material input in the quantitative simulation of the stratigraphic deposition process provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a comparison chart of the actual control well gamma curve and the single-well virtual gamma curve provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a lithofacies planar distribution map for quantitative simulation of the stratigraphic deposition process provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional distribution map of sand bodies used for quantitative simulation of the stratigraphic deposition process provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0027] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown in the embodiments of this application, a stratigraphic analysis method based on tectonic geomorphological dynamics and stratigraphic forward modeling is provided. The method includes: S110. Obtain geological information of the target area, construct a regional geological concept model, and determine key input parameters through the regional geological concept model.

[0029] S120. Perform forward modeling of tectonic geomorphological dynamics and establish a quantitative model of basin-mountain paleogeography based on key input parameters, and conduct a rationality analysis of the model.

[0030] S130. Quantitative geological parameters are derived based on the basin-mountain paleogeographic model.

[0031] S140. Perform a quantitative simulation of the stratigraphic deposition process, and use quantitative geological parameters as quantitative input parameters to establish a quantitative model of sedimentary stratigraphy. Then, conduct a rationality analysis of the model.

[0032] S150. Based on a quantitative model of sedimentary strata, quantitatively characterize the development features of sedimentary strata and predict the distribution of dominant sand bodies in the target area.

[0033] In this embodiment, a method coupling of tectonic geomorphic dynamics and quantitative simulation of stratigraphic sedimentary processes based on sedimentary processes is achieved by deriving quantitative parameters. Tectonic geomorphic dynamics forward modeling can quantitatively characterize tectonic geomorphic evolution processes at large spatiotemporal scales, and can export quantitative data at the basin-mountain scale for use, such as paleotopography, subsidence, hydrodynamic systems, and the proportion of sediment source supply. However, it cannot effectively quantitatively analyze the lithofacies characteristics and sedimentary processes of sediments within the basin. Quantitative simulation of stratigraphic sedimentary processes based on sedimentary processes mainly focuses on the sedimentary processes within the basin, including grain size variations, lithological characteristics, lithofacies distribution, and the spatiotemporal distribution of sedimentary facies. However, it cannot simulate the erosion process of orogenic belts, as the sediment source input parameters are artificially set. Therefore, the quantitative parameters derived from the tectonic geomorphic dynamics forward modeling can be used to quantitatively constrain some of the quantitative parameters involved in the stratigraphic forward modeling based on sedimentary processes, such as the quantity of sediment source, the location of the sediment source input point, the direction of the sediment source input, and the fluid velocity and sediment content in the fluid. The tectonic geomorphological dynamics forward modeling and the stratigraphic forward modeling based on sedimentary processes complement each other, overcoming the objective limitations of single simulation methods and achieving coupling of simulation methods, simulation processes, and simulation results. Simultaneously, an integrated quantitative research system of structure-sedimentation-reservoir can be formed, and the simulation results can quantitatively characterize the geological interpretation of research areas lacking geological data support, as well as areas with no or few wells.

[0034] The stratigraphic analysis method based on tectonic geomorphological dynamics and stratigraphic forward modeling provided in this application provides key quantitative input parameters for the quantitative simulation of stratigraphic depositional processes through the quantitative output of tectonic geomorphological dynamics simulation. This completely changes the traditional method's reliance on subjective parameter setting based on human experience, making the simulation process and results more realistic and reliable. By systematically coupling tectonic geomorphological dynamics forward modeling with quantitative simulation of stratigraphic depositional processes, this invention retains the ability to dynamically represent the system's evolutionary process while achieving a detailed characterization of the basin's internal features. Ultimately, it quantitatively calculates the distribution area of ​​dominant sand bodies, thereby directly and clearly indicating favorable exploration target areas. This provides theoretical support for the exploration of complex basins and has the advantages of higher accuracy and greater applicability.

[0035] For example, the regional geological concept model in step S110 above is an integrated and summarized geological information model used to recover the key input parameters. The key input parameters include, but are not limited to: initial sedimentary paleogeography, sea level change, paleoprecipitation, orogenic uplift rate, uplift height, and basin subsidence.

[0036] The initial sedimentary paleogeomorphology can be reconstructed based on seismic data or equilibrium profiles; sea-level changes can be reconstructed based on literature reviews and regional sedimentary environments; paleoprecipitation can be quantitatively determined through paleomagnetic data or pollen data analysis; the uplift rate and height of orogenic belts can be reconstructed through low-temperature thermochronological analysis; basin subsidence can be reconstructed using tectonic subsidence data; and the simulation time and sampling interval can be determined using geological age information. By reconstructing and obtaining the above key input parameters from geological information, preparation is made for the next step of forward modeling tectonic geomorphological dynamics.

[0037] After obtaining the key input parameters mentioned above, a forward modeling simulation of tectonic geomorphic dynamics can be performed. This process involves inputting the key input parameters into a computational system configured to execute tectonic geomorphic dynamics algorithms. The kernel of this system is based on a series of physical equations describing the dynamic mechanisms of surface processes, including but not limited to: equations describing crustal isostatics and tectonic deformation; energy conservation and mass balance equations describing water erosion and sediment transport; and diffusion-advection equations describing slope processes and channel evolution. The system numerically solves the above physical equations, iteratively calculating the geomorphic dynamic response under the control of the key input parameters (such as tectonic uplift, rainfall, and base level changes) within a given simulation time and spatial grid. Finally, it outputs a quantitative basin-mountain paleogeomorphic model that includes paleotopographic elevation, stratigraphic framework, hydrodynamic network, and spatiotemporal distribution of erosion-deposition fluxes.

[0038] For example, in forward modeling software for structural geomorphic dynamics, the equations involving the change of structural topography over time are mainly composed of the rate of change of the simulated area's topography per unit time, which is determined by the uplift rate (…). R U ) and erosion rate ( R E )Decide:

[0039] In the formula, h This indicates altitude, measured in meters (m). t It represents time, and the unit is Ma.

[0040] Fluid erosion cutting is based on the power law of separated finite flows, and the erosion rate depends on the watershed area ( A ), net precipitation ( P ) and local slope ( S ):

[0041] In the formula, k d It represents a dimensional coefficient describing the erodibility of the riverbed, as a function of rock strength, riverbed shape, and climate; l is a dimensionless coefficient representing the climate-dependent chemical weathering of the riverbed during non-uniform rainfall; m is a dimensionless coefficient representing the drainage volume ( PA ); n represents the slope ( S ).

[0042] For example, the forward modeling process of geological formation is based on fluid dynamics. The fluid motion simulation process uses the marker-in-cell method, treating fluid elements as discrete points with fixed unit volumes. By simulating the motion of fluid elements as they are transported across the topographic surface grid, the simulation reflects the topographic features, fluid density, and densities of other media (such as seawater, lakes, and air) per unit geological time. Fluids exhibit the same properties in the vertical direction, and the frictional forces between moving fluid elements are controlled by Manning coefficients. Combined with the law of conservation of mass, the fluid continuity equation can be obtained, which is the energy conservation and mass balance equation described earlier for water erosion and sediment transport:

[0043] In the formula, q Represents the fluid motion vector, with units of m / s; t It represents time, and the unit is seconds (s). ∇ Gradient operator; p This indicates fluid density, with units of kg / m³. 3 .

[0044] The fluid momentum equation is expressed as:

[0045] In the formula, p This indicates pressure, expressed in Pa. m This indicates the viscosity of a fluid, and the unit is Pa·s. U Represents the fluid dynamics tensor; For Coriolis tensors; g This is the acceleration due to gravity.

[0046] In the above formula, assuming that under constant temperature conditions, fluids in the same medium exhibit incompressible properties, then the fluid density... p viscosity with fluid m Both can be set as constant coefficients. Furthermore, since the Coriolis acceleration has a negligible effect on the fluid, it can be set to 0. The above two equations can then be simplified to:

[0047]

[0048] In open waterways, the frictional force at the bottom is proportional to the square of the average fluid velocity:

[0049] In the formula, c1 is the friction coefficient, Q is the average fluid velocity, and h is the fluid depth.

[0050] Assuming Q is constant and considering the effect of bottom friction, the fluid equation can be written as:

[0051] In the formula, H is the water surface elevation, the acceleration caused by the terrain is -g∇H, and c2 is the shear friction coefficient. is the fluid diffusion factor.

[0052] After the Lagrange transformation, the above equation can be simplified to:

[0053] The simplified result adjusts the fluid dynamics equation into a nonlinear differential equation, combining the advantages of the Euler and Lagrange equations to solve the difficulties in numerical solutions of the fluid dynamics equation and the continuity equation. Using this equation as the core of the software, the software runs stably and accurately calculates the instantaneous velocity of the fluid flowing through any grid per unit time, and then statistically calculates the sediment volume within a specified time.

[0054] Those skilled in the art will understand that commercial software, open-source code, or self-written programs capable of performing the above functions can be used to implement this step. This invention protects the coupling method process itself, rather than specific software tools.

[0055] After the above steps S120, performing forward modeling of tectonic geomorphological dynamics and establishing a quantitative basin-mountain paleogeomorphological model based on key input parameters, this method further includes: S121. Conduct a rationality analysis of the quantitative model of basin-mountain paleogeography.

[0056] S122. Perform hydrodynamic system analysis on the quantitative model of basin-mountain paleogeography to obtain dynamic evolution data on river flow direction, flow rate change process and main channel development characteristics.

[0057] S123. Based on the quantitative model of basin-mountain paleogeography, quantitatively calculate the erosion process data of different geological periods, including the changes in the erosion rate and erosion amount of orogenic belts.

[0058] S124. Based on dynamic evolution data and erosion process data, quantitatively summarize the complete evolution process of sediments from self-erosion of the orogenic belt, transportation by the hydrodynamic system, to filling within the basin.

[0059] S125, combining the complete evolutionary process and tectonic background, forms the basin-mountain coupling process and source-sink system evolution model of the target area.

[0060] Specifically, a rationality analysis was conducted on the quantitative model of basin-mountain paleogeography, and the infilling process was quantitatively characterized to obtain quantitative analysis results on the evolution of the hydrodynamic system, orogenic belt erosion, and depression deposition processes. A quantitative analysis of the hydrodynamic system in the target area was carried out to obtain the river's flow direction, flow rate changes, and main channel development characteristics. The evolution of the hydrodynamic system was detailed by combining paleoclimate evolution with a comprehensive analysis of the tectonic background and sedimentary environment evolution, forming a basin-mountain coupling process and source-sink system evolution model.

[0061] For example, a rationality analysis is performed on the quantitative model of basin-mountain paleogeography. The stratigraphic thickness data from field profiles and well locations in the geological data are compared with the virtual stratigraphic thickness data from a single well output by the quantitative model of basin-mountain paleogeography to determine the matching degree of the model. Based on the matching degree and its threshold, the rationality analysis results of the matching degree of the quantitative model are determined. A quantitative analysis of the filling process is then performed on the quantitative model of basin-mountain paleogeography with the best matching degree.

[0062] For example, the above-mentioned rationality analysis data mainly consists of stratigraphic thickness data. The rationality analysis data of the stratigraphic thickness is compared with the single-well virtual stratigraphic thickness data output by the basin-mountain paleogeomorphological quantitative model to determine the matching degree of the basin-mountain paleogeomorphological quantitative model. Based on the matching degree of the basin-mountain paleogeomorphological quantitative model and its threshold, the rationality analysis result of the matching degree of the quantitative model is determined. In this embodiment, the matching degree threshold can be set to 85%. By iterating through steps S110 to S120, multiple quantitative basin-mountain paleogeomorphological models can be established. Step S121 determines the matching degree between the corresponding field profiles and drilling locations within these models. This matching degree reflects the degree of agreement between the single-well thickness and other data output by the model and the actual data from the geological data. If the matching degree of the current model is less than 85%, it is considered to have a low matching degree, resulting in inaccurate representations of the sediment erosion-filling process. Therefore, this model should be discarded. If the matching degree is greater than or equal to 85%, it is considered to have a high matching degree, resulting in more accurate representations of the sediment erosion-filling process, meeting the requirements. Therefore, this model is retained.

[0063] For example, the aforementioned quantitative geological parameters include paleotopography, subsidence, and hydrodynamic system information, including the location of the river entering the basin, river direction, river flow, and sediment density.

[0064] For example, step S130 above, deriving quantitative geological parameters based on the basin-mountain paleogeomorphological quantitative model, specifically includes: S131. Identify and define the provenance region in the quantitative model of basin-mountain paleogeography.

[0065] S132. Extract paleotopographic elevation data and tectonic subsidence data at preset simulation time points from the basin-mountain paleotopographic quantitative model.

[0066] S133. From the simulated hydrodynamic system, for each source area, extract the spatial coordinates of the river entering the basin as the river's entry position, extract the river's flow direction vector as the river's direction, and extract the time series data of river flow and sediment density.

[0067] S134. Map river flow data to the rate parameters of fluid elements in the quantitative simulation of stratigraphic sedimentation processes, and map sediment density data to the sediment concentration parameters in the fluid elements.

[0068] Specifically, based on the quantitative model of geomorphic dynamics, the quantitative geological parameters contained in the quantitative model are derived. The derived quantitative information is used as the key input parameters required for stratigraphic forward modeling to perform quantitative simulation of stratigraphic deposition processes.

[0069] Based on the quantitative geomorphological dynamics model, various parameters can be quantitatively derived through the basin-mountain paleogeomorphological quantitative model. This fully leverages the advantages of basin-mountain coupling and source-sink system quantitative simulation, quantitatively importing parameter changes over large spatiotemporal scales into stratigraphic forward modeling, focusing on the quantitative characterization of sedimentary processes within the basin, and fully coupling the advantages of the two forward modeling methods. Before parameter derivation, it is necessary to identify and define the source areas in the basin-mountain paleogeomorphological quantitative model. Parameters are then confirmed for each defined source area. The derived parameters include quantitative information on paleotopography, subsidence, and hydrodynamic systems for any simulated geological period. Hydrodynamic system information includes river inflow location, river direction, river flow, and sediment density, representing the source input point, source input direction, fluid velocity, and sediment content in the fluid elements, respectively.

[0070] The above steps also include: obtaining the proportion of the source material contribution of the orogenic belt to the basin infill by quantitatively calculating the amount of erosion in the orogenic belt and the amount of basin infill, as calculated as follows:

[0071] Among them, C (t) Ne represents the percentage of each source region in the sediment supply, E is the average erosion rate within a single time step, and Ne is the average erosion rate within a single time step. (t) S represents the number of mesh nodes that undergo erosion within a single time step. (t) The total amount of sediment provided by the orogenic belt within a single time step; wherein the sediment supply contribution rate is used to constrain the relative sediment supply of each source in the source area defined above.

[0072] After obtaining the aforementioned quantitative geological parameters, a quantitative simulation of the stratigraphic sedimentary process was performed. The simulation time and fluid sampling interval were determined based on the simulated stratigraphic horizons. The model was then solved and simulated using forward stratigraphic modeling to obtain a quantitative sedimentary stratigraphic model. Following a rationality analysis of the model, a quantitative analysis of sedimentary characteristics was conducted on the target area's sedimentary stratigraphic model. This yielded sedimentary thickness, vertical lithological sequence, sedimentary infill characteristics, and the three-dimensional spatiotemporal distribution of sediments, providing a detailed characterization of the sedimentary evolution process.

[0073] For example, the tectonic geomorphic dynamics forward modeling described above focuses on describing the evolution of tectonic geomorphology on a large spatiotemporal scale and quantifies the feedback mechanism between sea-level change, paleoclimate, tectonic uplift, and basin subsidence. It quantitatively characterizes processes such as orogenic belt erosion, sediment transport, and basin-scale geomorphic evolution, with a focus on the geological processes of orogenic belt uplift-erosion and sediment transport-deposition. However, it cannot effectively quantitatively recover geological information such as post-deposition grain size changes and lithofacies types. Therefore, quantitative simulation of stratigraphic sedimentary processes is used as a coupling supplement. This simulation method uses fluid elements to replace sediment transport in fluids, simulating sediment transport and deposition processes. It can simulate various types of sedimentary processes (such as erosion, transport, and deposition) and predict the future evolution of sedimentary systems. Three-dimensional sedimentary forward modeling is performed on geological bodies at different scales (from centimeters to kilometers) to predict the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of sedimentary facies. The sedimentary stratigraphic forward modeling emphasizes the sedimentary processes within the basin, focusing on fluid transport and sediment transport and deposition.

[0074] It should be noted that performing quantitative simulation of stratigraphic sedimentary processes refers to inputting the derived quantitative geological parameters and preset sediment property parameters into a computational system configured to execute a sedimentary process dynamics algorithm. The simulation kernel of this system is based on a series of governing equations describing the physical mechanisms of sediment transport and deposition in fluids, primarily including: hydrodynamic equations describing fluid movement and energy changes; particle transport equations describing sediment erosion, transport, and settling; and sedimentary dynamics equations reflecting the settling and preservation efficiency of sediments of different grain sizes (such as sandstone and mudstone). By numerically solving these physical equations, the system dynamically simulates the diffusion, settling, and erosion processes of fluid elements carrying specific sediment concentrations injected from the source point within the basin's containment space defined by paleotopography and tectonic subsidence. Ultimately, it outputs a quantitative sedimentary stratigraphic model containing information on sedimentary thickness, vertical lithological sequence, three-dimensional spatial distribution of sedimentary facies, and grain size composition.

[0075] Those skilled in the art will understand that commercial software, open-source code, or self-developed programs capable of performing the above functions can all be used to implement this step. This application protects the complete technical solution for coupling upstream quantitative geological parameters to this methodological process, rather than a specific software tool.

[0076] Specifically, step S140 above, which involves performing a quantitative simulation of the stratigraphic deposition process and using quantitative geological parameters as quantitative input parameters to establish a quantitative model of sedimentary strata, includes the following steps: S141. Quantitative geological parameters are used as driving parameters and input into the stratigraphic forward modeling software based on sedimentary processes.

[0077] S142. Confirm the preset sediment property parameters, which include the particle diameter and density of different lithologies.

[0078] S143. Based on driving parameters and sediment property parameters, the hydrodynamic equations are solved and simulated in the stratigraphic forward modeling software to simulate the transport, deposition and erosion processes of sediments in the basin, and generate a quantitative sedimentary stratigraphic model that includes sedimentary thickness, vertical lithological sequence, sedimentary filling characteristics and three-dimensional spatiotemporal distribution of sedimentary facies.

[0079] S144. Conduct a rationality analysis of the quantitative model of sedimentary strata.

[0080] For example, based on the geological data, rationality analysis data for the target area is determined, including formation thickness data and well logging gamma curve data. The rationality analysis data is compared with the single-well virtual formation thickness data and well logging gamma curve data output by the quantitative sedimentary formation model to determine the matching degree of the quantitative sedimentary formation model. Based on the matching degree of the quantitative sedimentary formation model and its threshold, the rationality analysis result of the matching degree of the quantitative model is determined. In this embodiment, the matching degree threshold is set to 80%. By repeating steps S141 to S143, multiple quantitative sedimentary formation models can be established, and the matching degree value of each quantitative sedimentary formation model can be determined. This matching degree value reflects the matching degree between the single-well virtual formation thickness data and well logging gamma curve data output by the quantitative sedimentary formation model and the actual data. If the matching degree value of the current quantitative sedimentary formation model is less than 80%, it is considered that the matching degree of the current quantitative sedimentary formation model is low, the final result is inaccurate, and the quantitative sedimentary formation model needs to be discarded. If the matching degree of the current quantitative sedimentary stratigraphic model is greater than or equal to 80%, it is considered that the matching degree of the current quantitative sedimentary stratigraphic model is high, the final result can meet the usage requirements, and the current quantitative sedimentary stratigraphic model is retained.

[0081] For example, the virtual gamma curve of a single well is a gamma curve generated using single-well clay content data, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0082] in, N GR To correspond to the gamma value of the generated single-well virtual gamma curve, V mud The output is the clay content of a single well. GR max This represents the maximum value of the gamma curve at the actual well location. GR minThis represents the minimum gamma curve value at the actual well location. After obtaining the quantitative model of the sedimentary strata and completing the rationality analysis, step S150 above is performed: Based on the quantitative model of the sedimentary strata, the development characteristics of the sedimentary strata are quantitatively characterized, and the distribution of dominant sand bodies in the target area is predicted, specifically including: S151. Extract vertical lithological sequence, sedimentary thickness and three-dimensional spatiotemporal distribution data of sedimentary facies from the quantitative model of sedimentary strata to quantitatively characterize stratigraphic development features and sedimentary evolution process.

[0083] S152. Extract sand body thickness data separately from the quantitative model of sedimentary strata and generate a three-dimensional distribution map of sand bodies to quantitatively characterize the spatial development characteristics of sand bodies.

[0084] S153. Based on the lithological data in the quantitative model of sedimentary strata, calculate the sandstone percentage content of each three-dimensional grid cell and generate a sandstone content distribution map.

[0085] S154. Based on the three-dimensional distribution map of sand bodies and the sandstone content distribution map, delineate the sandstone enrichment area and predict the distribution of dominant sand bodies in the target area.

[0086] The quantitative sedimentary strata model corresponds to sediments of different grain sizes. By extracting the cumulative thickness of sandstone in a unit grid, the three-dimensional spatial development characteristics of sandstone can be quantitatively characterized. The ratio of the cumulative sandstone thickness to the sedimentary thickness in a unit grid yields the sandstone percentage content of that unit grid. A two-dimensional distribution of the sandstone percentage content across all grids provides the sandstone percentage distribution information for the target area, used to characterize the distribution ratio of sandstone in sedimentary strata. This visually demonstrates sandstone-rich areas and their correlation with dominant reservoirs. Step S153 calculates the sandstone percentage content of each three-dimensional grid unit, including: The thickness of sandstone and mudstone in the quantitative sedimentary stratigraphic model was confirmed based on lithological data. The percentage of sandstone in each three-dimensional grid cell was calculated based on the sandstone and mudstone thicknesses, as shown in the following formula:

[0087] Among them, P s T represents the percentage of sandstone in the quantitative model of the sedimentary strata. s T represents the sandstone thickness in the quantitative model of the sedimentary strata. mud The mudstone thickness is given in the quantitative model of the sedimentary strata.

[0088] Specifically, the sand body distribution predicted in this step refers particularly to the distribution of dominant sand bodies that are of practical significance for oil and gas exploration. These dominant sand bodies mainly refer to sand body development areas that meet the following quantitative screening criteria: Thickness condition: The cumulative thickness of the sand body is greater than a preset thickness threshold, which ensures that the sand body has sufficient vertical scale. Content condition: The percentage content of sandstone is greater than a preset content threshold, which ensures the homogeneity and continuity of the sand body in the lateral direction. The thickness threshold and content threshold can be set according to actual conditions, and this application embodiment does not impose any restrictions.

[0089] By overlaying the three-dimensional distribution map of the sand bodies with the sandstone content distribution map, areas that simultaneously meet the aforementioned thickness and content conditions are delineated, which are the dominant sand body distribution areas predicted by this method. These areas, due to their good reservoir space (ensuring thickness) and seepage capacity (ensuring content), can be identified as favorable target areas for oil and gas exploration.

[0090] Based on the above data analysis and processing, a dynamic process of sedimentary evolution under the background of basin-mountain coupling and source-sink system evolution is formed, the exploration target area is identified, and theoretical basis and geological model support are provided for oil and gas exploration in complex superimposed basins.

[0091] The method in this application embodiment, based on stratigraphic analysis using tectonic geomorphological dynamics and forward modeling, can be used to conduct geological work in study areas with complex tectonic backgrounds without requiring extensive geological data. It can also be applied to areas with few or no wells. The processes of performing forward modeling of tectonic geomorphological dynamics and quantitative simulation of stratigraphic sedimentary processes both follow the principles of energy conservation and mass balance, and based on sedimentary process constraints, reconstruct the entire process of sediments from source to sink.

[0092] The following example illustrates this method: Using the southwestern depression of the Tarim Basin as the geological background, this paper details the specific implementation scheme of the example.

[0093] 1. Obtain relevant geological data and analysis and testing data of the target study area, determine the key input parameters required for the forward modeling of tectonic geomorphic dynamics, and execute the forward modeling of tectonic geomorphic dynamics.

[0094] This example uses the Cretaceous strata in the southwestern Tarim Depression of the Tarim Basin as a case study. During the Early Cretaceous depositional period, tectonic subsidence in this region was relatively rapid, and the depositional environment was terrestrial. During the Late Cretaceous depositional period, tectonic subsidence stabilized, with no significant tectonic activity, and the depositional environment transitioned to a transitional marine-terrestrial facies and a marine depositional environment. The Early Cretaceous features thick-layered clastic rocks, indicating a predominantly hot and arid environment. The Late Cretaceous features fine-grained sediments interbedded with marine carbonate rocks, and the paleoclimate shifted to a warm and humid climate.

[0095] This embodiment sets the simulation time to a total of 79 Myr, with a time interval of 0.5 Myr, outputting a total of 158 simulated geological layers. The grid size is set to 500 horizontally and 350 vertically, with a grid spacing of 1 km. The simulation range is 500 km horizontally and 350 km vertically, totaling 175,000 km. 2 The initial paleogeography was reconstructed using balanced profiles, and regional tectonic subsidence was quantitatively reconstructed from Cretaceous tectonic subsidence using stratigraphic stripping. Sea level change curves were referenced from research findings on global sea level change in a database. The uplift rate of the orogenic belt was quantitatively constrained through literature review, and the parameter settings are shown in Table 1. Table 1 is a table of orogenic belt uplift parameters, recording the changes in uplift height and uplift rate in orogenic belts A and B at different ages. After completing the setting of other auxiliary parameters, a quantitative model of the basin-mountain paleogeography was established through forward modeling of tectonic geomorphological dynamics.

[0096]

[0097] Table 1 2. Based on the stratigraphic thickness data, a rationality analysis is conducted on the quantitative model of the basin-mountain paleogeography.

[0098] This embodiment utilizes actual geological data, such as stratigraphic thickness data, and compares it with the virtual stratigraphic thickness data of a single well output from the simulated quantitative evolution model of basin-mountain paleogeography. This allows for an in-depth evaluation of the scientific validity and accuracy of the model, confirming that the final generated model possesses high accuracy and realism. Table 2 shows a comparison between the actual and simulated stratigraphic thicknesses of each control well. It can be seen that the accuracy of the virtual stratigraphic thickness of a single well output from the quantitative evolution model of basin-mountain paleogeography is above 85% compared to the stratigraphic thickness in the actual geological data, indicating that the model has high accuracy and certain practical geological significance. Quantitative evolution models of basin-mountain paleogeography with accuracy below 85% are discarded, ultimately resulting in a highly accurate and well-matched quantitative evolution model of the target area.

[0099]

[0100] Table 2 3. Based on the quantitative model of basin-mountain paleogeography, the dynamic evolution process of the hydrodynamic system under the control of basin-mountain coupling process is quantitatively characterized, sediment filling data is extracted, and the contribution of sediments from different sources is quantitatively calculated.

[0101] This embodiment addresses some controversial scientific issues by establishing a quantitative model of basin-mountain paleogeographic evolution. Qualitative research in related technologies is relatively one-sided, relying solely on geological experience to draw conclusions, leading to inconsistent viewpoints. For example, researchers cannot effectively characterize the hydrodynamic system development of the entire basin using only partial geological phenomena, resulting in inconsistent conclusions. Furthermore, researchers' findings differ significantly regarding the proportion of orogenic belt supply. A high-resolution basin-mountain paleogeographic evolution model established through forward modeling of tectonic geomorphological dynamics can effectively solve these problems. Quantitative research on the basin-mountain paleogeographic model yields a complete hydrodynamic evolution process and channel development characteristics for each depositional period. Figure 2 The figure shown is an evolution diagram of the hydrodynamic system in the forward modeling of geomorphic dynamics. Figure 2 The study presents information such as river flow and direction during the evolution of the hydrodynamic system. Through the above methods, the erosion process and erosion rate change process of each orogenic belt can be quantitatively characterized. The study quantitatively summarizes the sediment erosion, migration, and infilling processes, as well as the source-sink system evolution process. It has a high degree of agreement with actual geological data. Combined with the geotectonic background, it quantitatively characterizes the basin-mountain coupling evolution process of the target area, providing theoretical support for the remote control of tectonic activities on the basin-mountain system.

[0102] 4. Export the quantitative geological parameters from the quantitative model of tectonic geomorphic dynamics, and use them as input parameters for stratigraphic forward modeling to perform quantitative simulation of stratigraphic deposition processes.

[0103] A quantitative model of basin-mountain paleogeography can quantitatively derive various parameters. Taking the braided river delta sediments of the early Late Cretaceous as an example, a quantitative analysis of the sedimentary evolution process was carried out. The simulation time was set to 5.0 Myr with a time interval of 0.25 Myr, and a total of 200 simulated strata were output. Since the quantitative simulation of stratigraphic sedimentary processes focuses on the sedimentary processes within the basin, the simulation scope was redefined to improve computer processing speed, retaining only the sedimentary areas, such as... Figure 3 The figure shows a comparison of the simulation ranges of forward modeling of tectonic geomorphic dynamics and quantitative simulation of stratigraphic sedimentary processes. The figure compares the ranges of the two simulations, displaying the various predefined source points. The grid size is set to 325 horizontally and 117 vertically, with a grid spacing of 1 km. The simulation range is 325 km horizontally and 117 km vertically, totaling 38,025 km. 2 .

[0104] Taking into account the hydrodynamic conditions and lithological grain size characteristics of the target area, the sediment property parameters are set as shown in Table 3. Table 3 is the sediment property parameter table.

[0105]

[0106] Table 3 The information in the table above includes lithology, grain diameter, and density. The lithology mainly includes medium sandstone, fine sandstone, siltstone, and mudstone, with grain diameters ranging from greater than 0.15 mm, 0.1 ~ 0.15 mm, 0.005 ~ 0.1 mm, and less than 0.005 mm, respectively. The corresponding densities are 2650 kg / m³. 3 2600 kg / m 3 2600 kg / m 3 and 2550 kg / m 3 .

[0107] The initial paleogeomorphology and tectonic subsidence were quantitatively derived using a basin-mountain paleogeomorphology quantitative model. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the sea level change curve is based on previous research findings on global sea level change. Figure 4 This is an initial paleogeographic map for a quantitative simulation of stratigraphic sedimentary processes based on sedimentary processes. Figure 4 The text displays paleoelevation information for the target area. Figure 5 The data on subsidence thickness within the target area is presented. The source input point is determined by the river inflow location in the hydrodynamic system of the basin-mountain paleogeomorphological quantitative model, and the river flow direction after entering the basin is defined as the source input direction.

[0108] like Figure 6 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the initial location and direction of the sediment source input in the quantitative simulation of the stratigraphic sedimentation process. The figure shows the information of each sediment source point. In this embodiment, sediment sources 1 to 11 are set, and the simulation time is set to 5.0 Myr. The river flow rate and sediment transport are defined as river flow rate and sediment density, as shown in Table 4. Table 4 is the sediment source parameter setting table.

[0109]

[0110] Table 4 The above are the main parameters among the quantitative input parameters required for the simulation, including information such as river flow and sediment density. After the remaining key input parameters are set, a quantitative model of sedimentary strata is established through quantitative simulation of the stratigraphic deposition process. This embodiment overcomes the problems of single sedimentary models and inconsistent geological interpretations by coupling tectonic geomorphological dynamics with a stratigraphic forward modeling method based on sedimentary processes, thereby improving the rationality and realism of the quantitative model of stratigraphic deposition processes.

[0111] 5. Analyze the rationality of the quantitative model of sedimentary strata by combining actual geological data such as stratigraphic thickness and gamma curves.

[0112] This embodiment utilizes actual geological data such as formation thickness data and well logging gamma curve data to conduct a rationality analysis of the quantitative sedimentary formation model. It compares the model with the simulated formation thickness data and well logging gamma curve data output from individual wells to thoroughly evaluate the scientific validity and accuracy of the quantitative sedimentary formation model. It has been determined that the final generated quantitative sedimentary formation model has high accuracy and realism. Table 5 shows a comparison between the actual and simulated formation thicknesses of each control well. Figure 7 This is a comparison chart of the actual gamma curves of control wells 12 to 17 and the virtual gamma curves of a single well. Figure 7 The horizontal axis represents the gamma value, and the vertical axis represents the depth value. (Refer to Table 5) Figure 7 It can be seen that the accuracy of the virtual stratigraphic thickness output by the quantitative sedimentary stratigraphic model for a single well is over 80% compared with the stratigraphic thickness in the actual geological data, and the accuracy of the virtual gamma curve for a single well is over 90% compared with the gamma curve in the actual geological data. This indicates that the quantitative sedimentary stratigraphic model has high accuracy and certain practical geological significance. Quantitative sedimentary stratigraphic models with an accuracy below 80% are discarded, and a quantitative sedimentary stratigraphic model for the target area with high matching degree and accuracy is finally obtained.

[0113]

[0114] Table 5 6. Based on the quantitative model of sedimentary strata, quantitatively characterize the development characteristics of sedimentary strata within the basin, summarize the sedimentary evolution process, and predict the distribution of dominant sand bodies in the study area.

[0115] Quantitative analysis of sedimentary evolution processes was conducted using a quantitative model of sedimentary strata, yielding quantitative analysis results on stratigraphic development characteristics and sand body distribution patterns. The study analyzed vertical stratigraphic lithological assemblages, revealing the predominance of thick-bedded clastic rocks vertically, while horizontally, it allowed for the identification of sand body distribution characteristics and the recognition of the developmental stages and planar distribution features of braided river deltas. Figure 8 The image shown is a lithofacies planar distribution map obtained from a quantitative simulation of the stratigraphic sedimentary process. Figure 7 The study showcases the distribution of lithofacies such as medium-grained sandstone, fine-grained sandstone, siltstone, and mudstone. Through vertical lithological sequences, sedimentary infill characteristics, and three-dimensional spatiotemporal distribution of sediments, the sedimentary evolution process is depicted in detail. Furthermore, the cumulative thickness of sandstone is quantitatively calculated, the percentage content of sandstone is determined, and the distribution of dominant sand bodies is quantitatively predicted, such as... Figure 9 The image shows a three-dimensional distribution map of sand bodies obtained from a quantitative simulation of the stratigraphic deposition process. Figure 9 The image shows the distribution of sand bodies in a 3D image. The resulting 3D distribution of sand bodies provides data support for predicting the distribution of high-quality reservoirs.

[0116] The stratigraphic analysis method based on tectonic geomorphological dynamics and stratigraphic forward modeling provided in this application provides key quantitative input parameters for stratigraphic forward modeling through the quantitative output of tectonic geomorphological dynamics simulation. This completely changes the traditional method's reliance on subjective parameter setting based on human experience, making the simulation process and results more realistic and reliable. By systematically coupling tectonic geomorphological dynamics forward modeling with quantitative simulation of stratigraphic sedimentary processes, this invention retains the ability to dynamically represent the system's evolution process while achieving a detailed characterization of the basin's internal features. Ultimately, it quantitatively calculates the distribution area of ​​dominant sand bodies, thereby directly and clearly indicating favorable exploration target areas. This provides theoretical support for the exploration of complex basins and has the advantages of higher accuracy and greater applicability.

[0117] This application also provides a computer device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to perform the above-described stratigraphic analysis method based on tectonic geomorphological dynamics and stratigraphic forward modeling.

[0118] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, data stored, data displayed, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of the relevant data must comply with relevant regulations.

[0119] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the computer program can include the processes of the embodiments described above. Any references to memory, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take many forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM).

[0120] The databases involved in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one type of relational database and non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in this application may be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, quantum computing-based data processing logic devices, etc., and are not limited to these.

[0121] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0122] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A method for formation analysis based on structural geomorphology dynamics and formation forward modeling, characterized in that, The stratum analysis method based on tectonic geomorphology dynamics and stratum forward simulation comprises: obtaining geological information of a target area, constructing a regional geological conceptual model, and determining key input parameters through the regional geological conceptual model; performing tectonic geomorphology dynamics forward simulation, and establishing a basin-mountain ancient landform quantitative model based on the key input parameters, and performing rationality analysis; deriving quantitative geological parameters based on the basin-mountain ancient landform quantitative model; performing stratum sedimentation process quantitative simulation, taking the quantitative geological parameters as quantitative input parameters, establishing a sedimentary stratum quantitative model, and performing rationality analysis; based on the sedimentary stratum quantitative model, quantitatively characterizing sedimentary stratum development characteristics, and predicting the distribution of dominant sand bodies in the target area.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is based on structural geomorphology dynamics and stratigraphic forward modeling. The regional geological conceptual model is an integrated summary model of the geological information, used to restore the key input parameters, and the key input parameters include initial sedimentary ancient landform, sea level change, ancient rainfall, orogenic belt uplift rate, uplift height and basin subsidence amount.

3. The stratigraphic analysis method based on structural geomorphologic dynamics and stratigraphic forward modeling of claim 2, wherein, After establishing the basin-mountain ancient landform quantitative model based on the key input parameters, the method further comprises: after performing rationality analysis on the basin-mountain ancient landform quantitative model, quantitatively characterizing the basin-mountain coupling evolution process of the target area, specifically comprising: performing water power system analysis on the basin-mountain ancient landform quantitative model to obtain dynamic evolution data of river flow direction, flow change process and main river channel development characteristics; based on the basin-mountain ancient landform quantitative model, quantitatively calculating denudation process data of different geological periods, including orogenic belt denudation rate and denudation amount change process; based on the dynamic evolution data and denudation process data, quantitatively summarizing the complete evolution process of sediments from orogenic belt denudation, water power system transportation to filling in the basin; comprehensively forming the basin-mountain coupling process and source-sink system evolution mode of the target area based on the complete evolution process and tectonic background.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is based on structural geomorphology dynamics and stratigraphic forward modeling. The quantitative geological parameters include paleotopography, subsidence amount, water power system information, and the water power system information includes river inflow position, river direction, river flow and sediment density.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, Deriving quantitative geological parameters based on the basin-mountain ancient landform quantitative model comprises: identifying and defining the source area in the basin-mountain ancient landform quantitative model; extracting paleotopographic elevation data and tectonic subsidence amount data of a preset simulation time point from the basin-mountain ancient landform quantitative model; for each source area, extracting the spatial coordinates of the river entering the basin as the river inflow position, the flow direction vector of the river as the river direction, and the time series data of the river flow and sediment density from the simulated water power system; mapping the river flow data to the rate parameter of the fluid element in the stratum sedimentation process quantitative simulation, and mapping the sediment density data to the sediment concentration parameter in the fluid element.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, Deriving quantitative geological parameters based on the basin-mountain ancient landform quantitative model further comprises: calculating the sediment supply contribution rate of the source area, as follows: ； where C (t) is the percentage of the total sediment supply provided by each source area, E is the average erosion rate for a single time step, Ne (t) is the number of grid nodes that experience erosion in a single time step, S (t) is the total amount of sediment provided by the orogenic belt in a single time step; wherein the sediment supply contribution rate is used to constrain the relative sediment supply of each source area.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method comprises the following steps: inputting the quantitative geology parameters as driving parameters into the stratum forward simulation software based on the sedimentary process; confirming preset sediment property parameters, which include particle diameters and densities of different lithologies; based on the driving parameters and the sediment property parameters, solving and simulating based on hydrodynamic equations in the stratum forward simulation software to simulate the transportation, deposition and erosion of sediments in the basin and generate a quantitative sedimentary stratum model containing the three-dimensional space-time distribution of sedimentary thickness, vertical lithological sequence, sediment filling characteristics and sediment facies.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is based on structural geomorphology dynamics and stratigraphic forward modeling. Based on the quantitative sedimentary stratum model, the development characteristics of the sedimentary stratum are quantitatively characterized and the distribution of the dominant sand body in the target area is predicted, which specifically comprises: extracting the three-dimensional space-time distribution data of vertical lithological sequence, sediment thickness and sediment facies from the quantitative sedimentary stratum model to quantitatively characterize the stratum development characteristics and the sedimentary evolution process; extracting sand body thickness data from the quantitative sedimentary stratum model to generate a three-dimensional sand body distribution map to quantitatively characterize the spatial development characteristics of the sand body; based on the lithology data in the quantitative sedimentary stratum model, calculating the sandstone percentage content of each three-dimensional grid cell and generating a sandstone content distribution map; based on the three-dimensional sand body distribution map and the sandstone content distribution map, delineating the sandstone enrichment area and predicting the distribution of the dominant sand body in the target area.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein, The method for calculating the sandstone percentage content of each three-dimensional grid cell based on the lithology data in the quantitative sedimentary stratum model comprises: confirming the sandstone thickness and the mudstone thickness in the quantitative sedimentary stratum model based on the lithology data; calculating the sandstone percentage content of each three-dimensional grid cell based on the sandstone thickness and the mudstone thickness, as shown in the following formula: ； where P s is the percent sand in the quantitative model of the depositional formation, T s is the sand thickness in the quantitative model of the depositional formation, T mud is the shale thickness in the quantitative model of the depositional formation.

10. A computer device comprising: a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor executes the computer program to implement the stratum analysis method based on tectonic geomorphology dynamics and stratum forward simulation according to any one of claims 1-9.

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