Goaf filling method

Abstract

The invention provides a goaf filling method. The goaf filling method comprises the steps that an air bag is arranged in a goaf, the goaf is filled with a first filling material, the air bag is inflated and maintains an expansion state until the first filling material is finally set, the air bag is deflated to form a filling space located in the first filling material after final setting, and the filling space is filled with the first filling material after final setting. And the filling space is filled with a second filling material. According to the goaf filling method, the air bag expands to extrude the first filling material, so that the first filling material flows towards the top of the goaf and the pit of the first filling material, the filling blind area is reduced or even disappears, the roof contact rate is increased, and meanwhile the filling strength and compactness of the first filling material can be improved; the filling space after the air bag is deflated is filled with the second filling material, so that the first filling material is supported by the second filling material, the goaf is ensured to be fully filled, and the filling strength and compactness are high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of goaf filling, and more specifically to a goaf filling method. Background Technology

[0002] Goaf backfilling is a technique that uses artificial materials (such as tailings, waste rock, and cementing materials) to backfill underground voids formed during mining operations. This aims to stabilize the rock strata, prevent disasters, and recycle resources, and is a crucial step in coal mining, such as open-pit coal mines. However, goaf backfilling techniques suffer from low backfilling strength and low roof contact rate. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0004] Therefore, embodiments of the present invention propose a method for filling goaf areas.

[0005] The goaf filling method of this invention includes: Airbags are installed in the goaf area; The goaf area is filled with a first filling material; The airbag is inflated and maintained in an expanded state until the first filling material finally solidifies; The airbag deflates to create a filling space within the first filling material after final solidification; The filling space is filled with a second filling material.

[0006] The goaf filling method of this invention uses an inflatable bladder to compress a first filling material, causing the first filling material to flow towards the top of the goaf and into the depressions of the first filling material. This reduces or even eliminates the filling blind zone and increases the roof connection rate. At the same time, it can also improve the filling strength and density of the first filling material. The filling space after the bladder is deflated is filled by a second filling material, which supports the first filling material and ensures that the goaf is fully filled with high filling strength and density.

[0007] In some embodiments, the airbag is inflated to an expanded state before the first filling material initially solidifies, and remains in an expanded state until the first filling material finally solidifies.

[0008] In some embodiments, the second filling material fills the filling space.

[0009] In some embodiments, the strength of the second filler material is greater than the strength of the first filler material.

[0010] In some embodiments, the airbag is placed at the bottom of the goaf through a borehole located in the goaf.

[0011] In some embodiments, the airbag is connected via a pipeline to an inflation / deflation device located on the ground.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first filling material and / or the second filling material are injected into the goaf through a drill rod, wherein a flexible chute is provided at one end of the drill rod located in the goaf.

[0013] In some embodiments, the goaf filling method further includes: filling the goaf with water-absorbing material to form a water-absorbing material layer, and the airbag is disposed on the water-absorbing material layer.

[0014] In some embodiments, the moisture content of the absorbent filler is less than that of the first filler.

[0015] In some embodiments, the water-absorbing filling material is injected into the goaf through a drill rod, and the drill rod is provided with a flexible chute at one end located in the goaf.

[0016] In some embodiments, the water-absorbing filler is dry cement mortar, and both the first filler and the second filler are paste materials. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the goaf filling method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure label: 1. Goaf; 2. Airbag; 3. First filling material; 4. Gas filling and degassing equipment; 5. Drill rod; 6. Flexible chute; 7. Water-absorbing filling material layer; 8. Residual coal seam; 9. Filling blind zone. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0020] The following is for reference. Figure 1 A method for filling goaf areas according to an embodiment of the present invention is described.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, the goaf filling method of this invention includes: Airbag 2 is installed within goaf 1. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the airbags 2 are preferably, but not limited to, a plurality of them arranged at intervals along the horizontal plane.

[0022] The goaf 1 is filled with the first filling material 3. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the first filling material 3 covers the airbag 2.

[0023] The airbag 2 is inflated and maintained in an expanded state until the first filling material 3 finally solidifies.

[0024] The airbag 2 deflates to form a filling space within the first filling material 3 after final solidification. It should be noted that the filling space is the space that overlaps with the inflated airbag 2; in other words, the filling space is the space that accommodates the inflated airbag 2.

[0025] The space is filled with a second filler material.

[0026] The goaf filling method of this invention uses an inflatable airbag 2 to compress the first filling material 3, causing the first filling material 3 to flow towards the top of the goaf 1 and the pits of the first filling material 3, thereby reducing or even eliminating the filling blind zone 9 and increasing the roof connection rate. At the same time, it can also improve the filling strength and density of the first filling material 3. The filling space after the airbag 2 is deflated is filled by the second filling material, so as to support the first filling material 3 through the second filling material, and ensure that the goaf 1 is fully filled and has high filling strength and density.

[0027] It should be noted that the first filling material 3 is preferably, but not limited to, injected into the goaf from multiple filling locations. The first filling material 3 entering the goaf is generally cone-shaped and piled up opposite the filling location. A depression is formed between two adjacent piles of the first filling material 3, and a depression is also formed between the edge of the goaf 1 and several adjacent piles of the first filling material 3. This depression will form a filling blind zone 9. The expansion of the airbag 2 will push the first filling material 3 to move. On the one hand, it will push the first filling material 3 to flow into the depression to fill it, thereby reducing or even eliminating the filling blind zone 9 and ensuring the filling effect. On the other hand, it will push the first filling material 3 to rise, thereby increasing the roof contact rate. At the same time, the expansion of the airbag 2 will apply pressure to the first filling material 3 to improve the filling strength and density of the first filling material 3.

[0028] In some embodiments, the airbag 2 is inflated to an expanded state before the first filling material 3 initially solidifies, and remains in an expanded state until the first filling material 3 finally solidifies. This facilitates the inflation and expansion of the airbag 2, allowing the first filling material 3 to flow towards the top of the goaf 1 and into the depression of the first filling material 3 under the compression of the airbag 2. Furthermore, maintaining the airbag 2 in an expanded state until the first filling material 3 finally solidifies facilitates the formation of a filling space, preventing the filling space from collapsing after the airbag 2 deflates, which would make it difficult to fill with the second filling material.

[0029] In some embodiments, the second filler material fills the filling space to fully support the first filler material 3 after final setting, thereby preventing the space between the first filler material 3 and the second filler material from easily causing collapse.

[0030] In some embodiments, the strength of the second filling material is greater than the strength of the first filling material 3. Since the second filling material is filled later than the first filling material 3, a construction joint will be formed between them. The fact that the strength of the second filling material is greater than that of the first filling material 3 can avoid the problem of filling strength due to filling difference at the construction joint, and ensure stable support for the first filling material 3. It also ensures that the goaf has high filling strength and density.

[0031] In some embodiments, the airbag 2 is placed at the bottom of the goaf 1 through a borehole provided in the goaf 1. In other words, the airbag 2 is deployed through a borehole provided in the goaf 1, so as to facilitate the placement of the airbag 2 within the goaf 1.

[0032] The airbag 2 is positioned at the bottom of the goaf 1 so that it can be easily covered by the first filling material 3, thereby compressing and pushing the first filling material 3 after inflation. Optionally, the bottom of the goaf 1 is a residual coal seam 8, and the airbag 2 is deployed on the residual coal seam 8, such as... Figure 1 As shown.

[0033] It is understandable that in some other embodiments, the airbag 2 may also be suspended in the goaf 1.

[0034] In some embodiments, the airbag 2 is connected via a conduit to an inflation / deflation device 4 located on the ground. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the airbag 2 is inflated by supplying air to the airbag 2 through the inflation / deflation device 4, and the airbag 2 is deflated by the inflation / deflation device 4.

[0035] It should be noted that the deflated airbag 2 preferably remains in the filling space and is covered by the second filling material.

[0036] It is understood that the airbag 2 is not limited to being inflated and deflated by the inflation and deflation device 4. In some other embodiments, the airbag 2 contains chemical components. After the airbag 2 is deployed into the goaf, the chemical components mix and generate gas to automatically inflate. The airbag 2 is equipped with a remotely controlled exhaust port, which can be remotely opened when the airbag 2 needs to be deflated.

[0037] In some embodiments, the first filling material 3 and / or the second filling material are injected into the goaf 1 through the drill rod 5, and the drill rod 5 is provided with a flexible chute 6 at one end of the goaf 1.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the top of the goaf 1 is provided with multiple drill holes at intervals. After the airbag 2 is deployed, each drill hole is fitted with a corresponding drill rod 5. The drill rod 5 is preferably, but not limited to, a filling drill rod. The bottom end of the drill rod 5 is located in the goaf 1 and is provided with a flexible chute 6. The flexible chute 6 can rotate approximately around the bottom end of the drill rod 5 by bending.

[0039] The first filling material 3 is injected into the goaf through the drill rod 5 and the flexible chute 6. The bending action of the flexible chute 6 can increase the filling radius of the first filling material 3 and can be adjusted to fill a larger area as much as possible. This is beneficial for the first filling material 3 to cover the airbag 2 opposite to the borehole where the drill rod 5 is located, and to minimize the filling blind zone 9 during the filling process. This also helps the airbag 2 to squeeze and push the first filling material 3 to eliminate the filling blind zone 9. In addition, it can reduce the segregation and stratification of the first filling material 3.

[0040] Preferably, the injection of the first filler material 3 is stopped after overflow.

[0041] After the air bladder 2 deflates, the bottom end of the drill rod 5 and the flexible chute 6 extend into the filling space. The second filling material is injected into the filling space through the drill rod 5 and the flexible chute 6. The bending action of the flexible chute 6 can increase the filling radius of the second filling material and can be adjusted to ensure that the second filling material fills the filling space completely. In addition, it can also reduce the segregation and stratification of the second filling material.

[0042] Preferably, the injection of the second filler material stops after overflow.

[0043] Furthermore, when the airbag 2 deflates, the shape of the filling space can be observed through monitoring equipment such as borehole television, so as to facilitate the filling of the second filling material.

[0044] In some embodiments, the goaf filling method further includes: filling the goaf 1 with water-absorbing filling material to form a water-absorbing filling material layer 7, and the airbag 2 is disposed on the water-absorbing filling material layer 7.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, when there is water accumulation in the goaf, water-absorbing filling material is first filled into the goaf 1. The water-absorbing filling material is laid at the bottom of the goaf and forms a water-absorbing filling material layer 7, preferably laid on the residual coal seam 8. The filling amount is roughly parallel to the horizontal plane of the water-bearing layer in the goaf.

[0046] The water-absorbing filling material absorbs the accumulated water in the goaf, preventing the water from diluting the first filling material 3 and the second filling material, which would prevent the consolidation effect from being achieved.

[0047] When airbags 2 are installed in goaf 1, airbags 2 are installed on the water-absorbing filling material layer 7.

[0048] Since the bending action of the flexible chute 6 can increase the filling radius, the number of boreholes and drill rods 5 can be reduced, which facilitates the implementation of the goaf filling method and reduces the construction cost of the goaf filling method.

[0049] In some embodiments, the moisture content of the water-absorbing filler material is lower than that of the first filler material 3, so that the water-absorbing filler material can absorb the accumulated water in the goaf.

[0050] In some embodiments, water-absorbing filling material is injected into the goaf 1 through the drill rod 5, and a flexible chute 6 is provided at one end of the drill rod 5 located in the goaf 1.

[0051] The water-absorbing filling material is injected into the goaf through the drill rod 5 and the flexible chute 6. The bending action of the flexible chute 6 can increase the filling radius of the water-absorbing filling material and can be adjusted so that the water-absorbing filling material forms a water-absorbing filling material layer 7 and fully absorbs water.

[0052] Drill rod 5 and flexible chute 6 are removed from the borehole after water-absorbing filling material is injected into the goaf, and are reinstalled in the borehole after airbag 2 is deployed.

[0053] In some embodiments, the water-absorbing filler is dry cement mortar, which is capable of absorbing water and having a filling effect after absorbing water. Both the first filler 3 and the second filler are paste materials, wherein the second filler is a high-strength paste material, so as to have high filling strength and density after filling.

[0054] In some embodiments, the airbag 2 preferably, but not limited to, uses a high-strength nylon fabric air cushion with a neoprene coating.

[0055] Airbag 2 is preferably, but not limited to, a hemispherical airbag 2.

[0056] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0057] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for distinction and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0058] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0059] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0060] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0061] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for filling goaf areas, characterized in that, include: An airbag (2) is installed in the goaf (1); The goaf (1) is filled with a first filling material (3); The airbag (2) is inflated and maintained in an expanded state until the first filling material (3) finally solidifies; The airbag (2) is deflated to form a filling space within the first filling material (3) after final solidification; The filling space is filled with a second filling material.

2. The goaf filling method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The airbag (2) is inflated to an expanded state before the first filling material (3) initially solidifies, and is maintained in an expanded state until the first filling material (3) finally solidifies.

3. The goaf filling method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second filling material fills the filling space.

4. The goaf filling method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The strength of the second filler material is greater than that of the first filler material (3).

5. The goaf filling method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The airbag (2) is placed at the bottom of the goaf (1) through a borehole located in the goaf (1); and / or The airbag (2) is connected to an inflation / deflation device (4) located on the ground via a pipeline.

6. The goaf filling method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first filling material (3) and / or the second filling material are injected into the goaf (1) through the drill rod (5), and the drill rod (5) is provided with a flexible chute (6) at one end of the goaf (1).

7. The method for filling goaf according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Also includes: The goaf (1) is filled with water-absorbing material to form a water-absorbing material layer (7), and the airbag (2) is disposed on the water-absorbing material layer (7).

8. The goaf filling method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The water-absorbing filler has a lower moisture content than the first filler (3).

9. The goaf filling method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The water-absorbing filling material is injected into the goaf (1) through the drill rod (5), and a flexible chute (6) is provided at one end of the drill rod (5) located in the goaf (1).

10. The goaf filling method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The water-absorbing filler is dry cement mortar, and both the first filler (3) and the second filler are paste materials.

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