Sand box simulation test device for strike-slip fault of buried oil and gas pipeline and use method of sand box simulation test device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering tests, in particular to a buried oil and gas pipeline strike-slip fault sand box simulation test device and a use method thereof, and mainly solves the technical problems that an existing strike-slip fault sand box test device is poor in working condition adaptability and low in test reliability. The device comprises a broken disc simulation assembly, a fault zone simulation assembly and a pipe end fixing assembly, the broken disc simulation assembly comprises a left disc box and a right disc box, each of the left disc box and the right disc box comprises a box side wall and a box bottom wall, each box side wall is formed by detachably splicing a plurality of cells, and the fault zone simulation assembly comprises an elastic telescopic belt and a universal telescopic rod. The two pipe end fixing assemblies are arranged, and the clamping diameter can be adjusted. The device can adjust the size of the sand box, the included angle between the fault trend and the pipeline trend, the pipeline diameter and the pipeline burial depth, the working condition adaptability is high, and the test cost is low; and the width of the fault zone can be adjusted, the multi-dimensional movement of the fault can be reproduced more truly, and the test reliability is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering testing technology, and in particular to a sandbox simulation test device for strike-slip faults of buried oil and gas pipelines and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, oil and gas, as clean and efficient energy sources, have been widely integrated into people's production and daily lives, powerfully promoting the rapid development of oil and gas pipeline networks. However, during the long-distance laying of oil and gas pipelines, they inevitably cross seismic zones. Fault movements in these areas pose a significant threat to pipeline structure and operational safety, with strike-slip fault movements being the most representative. Strike-slip faults refer to a type of fault where the relative movement of the two sides of a fault is mainly horizontal sliding along the fault's strike. When an earthquake triggers a strike-slip fault dislocation, the forces generated by crustal movement can cause buried oil and gas pipelines to deform, fail, or even rupture, leading to oil and gas leaks and seriously threatening energy transmission safety and the safety of the surrounding ecological environment. Experimental research is the most direct and effective means to reveal the fault response mechanism of pipelines and assess their safety performance. Therefore, developing a sandbox testing device that can accurately simulate the dislocation behavior of strike-slip faults is of great practical significance for improving the fault-resistant design of buried oil and gas pipeline projects and ensuring the long-term safe operation of pipelines.

[0003] Existing sandbox testing devices for simulating strike-slip faults have the following drawbacks: First, the sandboxes mostly adopt an integrated fixed structure, resulting in parameters such as sandbox size, the angle between the pipe and the fault plane, pipe diameter, and pipe burial depth being non-adjustable. This limits their applicability to a single specific working condition, leading to poor adaptability. If multi-condition testing is required, multiple sandboxes need to be designed, resulting in high testing costs. Second, the mechanical and geometric boundary conditions of the fault zone are not reasonably set. However, the width of the fault zone, soil properties, and its spatial distribution have a decisive impact on the stress concentration, deformation mode, and failure mechanism of the pipe. Ignoring the simulation of this area will lead to significant differences between the test model and the actual geological environment, thereby weakening the authenticity and accuracy of the experimental results and ultimately reducing the reliability of the test.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a strike-slip fault sand box simulation test device with strong adaptability to working conditions and high test reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the technical defects of existing sandbox test devices used to simulate strike-slip faults, such as poor adaptability to working conditions and low test reliability, this invention provides a sandbox simulation test device for buried oil and gas pipeline strike-slip faults and its usage method.

[0006] The sandbox simulation test device for strike-slip faults of buried oil and gas pipelines provided by the present invention includes: The disk breakage simulation component includes a left disk box and a right disk box. Both the left and right disk boxes include side walls and bottom walls. The side walls are U-shaped structures formed by detachable splicing of multiple cell units, and the openings of the side walls of the left and right disk boxes are opposite each other. The bottom wall is detachably connected to the bottom of the corresponding side wall. A fracture zone simulation component is located between the left and right pan boxes. The fracture zone simulation component includes an elastic telescopic belt and universal telescopic rods. The elastic telescopic belt is U-shaped with its opening facing upward to connect with the left and right pan boxes to form a sand box with an open top. Multiple universal telescopic rods are evenly distributed along the U-shaped outline of the outer side of the elastic telescopic belt. The universal telescopic rods are arranged in the left-right direction. Each universal telescopic rod includes a telescopic member and universal joints installed at both ends of the telescopic member. The universal telescopic rod is connected to the side walls or bottom walls of the box on the left and right sides respectively through the universal joints at both ends. The pipe end fixing assembly has two sets, which are respectively installed on the side wall of the left panel box and the side wall of the right panel box. The two sets of pipe end fixing assemblies are arranged opposite each other and the clamping diameter can be adjusted.

[0007] Optionally, the cell is an open flat box formed by four side walls and one bottom wall. The side walls are provided with connection holes, and adjacent open flat boxes are connected by fasteners passing through the connection holes. The openings of the open flat boxes face outwards, and the side walls are connected to the bottom wall, elastic expansion band, and universal joint by fasteners passing through the connection holes.

[0008] Optionally, the corners of adjacent open flat boxes are also connected by double-leg or four-leg buckles; The double-leg buckle is used to connect the corner of the open flat box located in the edge area of ​​the box side wall. The double-leg buckle includes two symmetrically arranged L-shaped corner plates. The horizontal plates of the two L-shaped corner plates are coplanar. The vertical plates of the two L-shaped corner plates are arranged in parallel opposite directions and a first gap is reserved. The width of the first gap is equal to twice the thickness of the box side wall. One end of the first gap is sealed by a first connecting plate. Each L-shaped corner plate has a mounting plate at the end away from the first connecting plate. The mounting plate is perpendicular to both the horizontal and vertical plates and is used to fix it to the corresponding bottom wall of the box by fasteners. The four-legged buckle is used to connect the corner of the open flat box located in the middle area of ​​the box side wall. The four-legged buckle includes two symmetrically arranged double-legged buckles. The horizontal plates of the two double-legged buckles are arranged in parallel opposite directions and a second gap is reserved. The width of the second gap is equal to twice the thickness of the box side wall. One end of the second gap is sealed by a second connecting plate, and the second connecting plate and the first connecting plate of the two double-legged buckles form a cross shape.

[0009] Optionally, the bottom wall of the box has a through hole for threading sensor cables.

[0010] Optionally, the bottom wall of the box is provided with a folded edge corresponding to the edge of the elastic telescopic belt, and the folded edge is provided with a through hole so that it can be connected to the elastic telescopic belt and the universal joint by fasteners.

[0011] Optionally, one of the cells on the belly of the box sidewall serves as a mounting grid for installing the pipe end fixing assembly. The mounting grid has mounting cylinders arranged left and right on its outer side. The pipe end fixing assembly includes: A transmission disc, which is rotatably mounted on the mounting cylinder, has multiple curved sliding holes evenly distributed circumferentially on its surface. The planetary carrier rod has multiple planetary carrier rods, each corresponding to one of the curved sliding holes. The planetary carrier rods are slidably inserted into the mounting cylinder and arranged radially along the mounting cylinder. The end of the planetary carrier rod located on the outside of the mounting cylinder is slidably connected to the corresponding curved sliding hole. The end of the planetary carrier rod located on the inside of the mounting cylinder is equipped with a clamping block. A drive unit is mounted on the outside of the mounting grid and connected to the transmission disk. The drive unit is used to drive the transmission disk to rotate in order to change the clamping diameter of the multiple clamping blocks.

[0012] Optionally, the transmission disk is a transmission gear, and the driving component includes a servo motor and a driving gear, wherein the driving gear is sleeved on the output shaft of the servo motor and meshes with the transmission gear.

[0013] Optionally, the tube end fixing assembly further includes a miniature control display mounted on the outside of the mounting grid, the miniature control display being communicatively connected to the servo motor to control the servo motor's movement according to the required clamping diameter.

[0014] Optionally, the mounting cylinder has external threads, and the pipe end fixing assembly further includes an end cap, which has internal threads and is screwed onto the mounting cylinder.

[0015] The method of using the sandbox simulation test device for buried oil and gas pipeline strike-slip faults provided by this invention is as follows: When simulating a strike-slip fault with the fault direction relatively perpendicular to the pipeline direction, the two sidewalls of the box are formed by splicing together the cells. When simulating a strike-slip fault where the fault direction is relatively inclined to the pipeline direction, the two sidewalls of the box are spliced ​​together by cells, with the longer wing of the left sidewall and the shorter wing of the right sidewall located on the same side.

[0016] The technical solution provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: The sandbox simulation test device for strike-slip faults of buried oil and gas pipelines provided by this invention has two main features. Firstly, the sidewalls of the sandbox are detachably assembled from multiple cell units, and the bottom wall is detachably connected to the bottom of the corresponding sidewalls. By replacing cells of different sizes or quantities and reassembling them, and selecting suitable bottom walls, the length, width, and height parameters of the sandbox can be adjusted to construct fault sandbox models of different sizes, thus adapting to the size requirements of multi-condition tests. It can also simulate strike-slip faults where the fault direction is relatively perpendicular or relatively inclined to the pipeline direction. Secondly, the clamping diameter of the pipe end fixing assembly is adjustable, allowing it to adapt to pipes of different diameters. Furthermore, by adjusting the clamping diameter of the pipe end fixing assembly... The device can be installed on cells at different heights to adjust the burial depth of the pipeline. The combination of these two aspects greatly enhances the adaptability of the device to different working conditions, thereby meeting the needs of multi-condition testing and reducing testing costs. The device is also equipped with a fracture zone simulation component, which includes an elastic telescopic band and a universal telescopic rod. The width of the fracture zone can be freely adjusted according to the test requirements, and the multi-directional adjustment function of the universal telescopic rod can be used to precisely control the movement direction of the fracture zone, more realistically reproducing the multi-dimensional movement of the fault. This allows for the construction of a fracture zone boundary simulation model that can flexibly adapt to different fault activity characteristics, greatly improving the testing reliability of the device.

[0017] The method of using the sandbox simulation test device for buried oil and gas pipeline strike-slip faults provided by the present invention is to use the cell splicing to form a box sidewall with equal or unequal wings. It can not only simulate strike-slip faults where the fault direction is relatively perpendicular to the pipeline direction, but also strike-slip faults where the fault direction is relatively inclined to the pipeline direction. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sandbox simulation test device for buried pipeline strike-slip faults in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cell structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the double-foot buckle in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the four-legged buckle in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom wall of the box in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fracture zone simulation component in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the universal telescopic rod in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the pipe end fixing assembly in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] In the picture: 1. Disk breakage simulation component; 11. Left disk box; 12. Right disk box; 13. Box side wall; 14. Box bottom wall; 141. Folded edge; 1411. Through hole; 15. Cell unit; 151. Box side wall; 152. Box bottom wall; 1521. Wire hole; 153. Connection hole; 154. Double-leg buckle; 1541. L-shaped corner plate; 1542. First gap; 1543. First connecting plate; 1544. Mounting plate; 155. Four-leg buckle; 1551. Second gap; 1552. Second connecting plate; 156. Mounting cylinder; 2. Fracture zone simulation component; 21. Elastic telescopic 22. Belt; 221. Universal telescopic rod; 222. Telescopic rod component; 222. Universal joint; 2221. Rotary joint; 2222. Cross fixing rod; 2223. Bolt; 2224. Nut; 3. Pipe end fixing assembly; 31. Transmission disc; 311. Curved sliding hole; 32. Planetary carrier rod; 321. Clamping block; 33. Drive component; 331. Servo motor; 332. Drive gear; 34. Micro control display; 35. End cap; 100. Test bench; 110. Loading platform; 120. Horizontal actuator; 130. Vertical actuator; 200. Pipe to be tested. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the solutions of the present invention will be further described below. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof can be combined with each other.

[0023] In this description, it should be noted that the terms "installation" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0024] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention, but the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein; obviously, the embodiments in the specification are only some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments.

[0025] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 8 Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0026] This embodiment provides a sandbox simulation test device for strike-slip faults of buried oil and gas pipelines, including a fault plate simulation component 1, a fracture zone simulation component 2, and a pipe end fixing component 3.

[0027] The disk breakage simulation component 1 includes a left disk box 11 and a right disk box 12. Both the left disk box 11 and the right disk box 12 include a side wall 13 and a bottom wall 14. The side wall 13 is a U-shaped structure formed by detachable splicing of multiple cells 15. The openings of the side wall 13 of the left disk box 11 and the side wall 13 of the right disk box 12 are opposite each other. The bottom wall 14 is detachably connected to the bottom end of the corresponding side wall 13.

[0028] It is easy to understand, such as Figure 1 As shown, both the left and right disc boxes 11 and 12 have four sides, but only the two sides of the left and right disc boxes 11 are open. Thus, the side walls 13 of the left and right disc boxes 11 and 12 form a U-shaped structure consisting of three sides. The U-shaped structure has a belly and two wings.

[0029] It should be noted that during use, the left and right disk boxes 11 and 12 must be fixed on the test bench 100. The test bench 100 is a mature structure in this field, generally equipped with two independent loading platforms 110, and each loading platform 110 integrates a horizontal actuator 120 and / or a vertical actuator 130. When this device is fixed on the test bench 100, the left and right disk boxes 11 and 12 are respectively connected to the two loading platforms 110 of the test bench 100, and only the test bench 100 needs to output horizontal movement in the left and right directions to simulate a strike-slip fault.

[0030] Specifically, in this embodiment, cell 15 is an open flat box formed by four side walls 151 and one bottom wall 152. The side walls 151 are provided with connecting holes 153. Adjacent open flat boxes are connected by fasteners passing through the connecting holes 153. The openings of the open flat boxes face outwards. The side walls 13 are connected to the bottom wall 14 and the elastic stretch band 21 and universal joint 222 of the fracture band simulation component 2 by fasteners passing through the connecting holes 153. The term "open flat box" means that the top of the box is open, and the height of the side walls 151 is less than the length of the side walls 151. For example, the height of the side walls 151 is one-fifth of its length, thus forming a box-shaped structure with a relatively small height. During connection, the sidewalls 151 of adjacent cell 15 are fitted together and the connecting holes 153 are aligned. Then, fasteners such as bolts are used to connect and fix the adjacent cell 15. The edge of the elastic expansion band 21 is fitted and aligned with the corresponding sidewall 151, and the connecting hole 153 is aligned with the universal joint 222. Then, fasteners such as bolts are used to connect and fix the sidewall 151, elastic expansion band 21, and universal joint 222 together. The cell 15 provided in this embodiment can form the sidewall of the sand box through the bottom wall 152. The sidewall 151 enables the connection of adjacent cell 15, the sidewall 13, the bottom wall 14, and the fracture zone simulation component 2, resulting in higher reliability. In other embodiments, the cell 15 can also adopt a plate structure or other commonly used structures.

[0031] More specifically, the bottom wall 152 of the box has a through hole 1521 for threading sensor cables. Since stress sensors and strain sensors need to be installed on the pipe under test 200 during the test to detect the relevant performance of the pipe under test 200, this embodiment has a through hole 1521 on the bottom wall 152 of the box for threading sensor cables.

[0032] As an improved structure of cell 15, the corners of adjacent open flat boxes in this embodiment are also connected by double-leg buckles 154 or four-leg buckles 155. The double-leg buckles 154 are used to connect the corners of open flat boxes located in the edge area of ​​the box side wall 13. The double-leg buckles 154 include two symmetrically arranged L-shaped corner plates 1541. The horizontal plates of the two L-shaped corner plates 1541 are coplanar, and the vertical plates of the two L-shaped corner plates 1541 are arranged parallel to each other and have a first gap 1542 reserved. The width of the first gap 1542 is equal to twice the thickness of the box side wall 151. One end of the first gap 1542 is sealed by a first connecting plate 1543. Each L-shaped corner plate 1541 is away from the first connecting plate 154. Each of the three sections has a mounting plate 1544 at one end. The mounting plate 1544 is perpendicular to both the horizontal and vertical plates and is used to fix it to the corresponding bottom wall 152 of the box with fasteners. The four-legged buckle 155 is used to connect the open flat box corner located in the middle area of ​​the side wall 13. The four-legged buckle 155 includes two symmetrically arranged double-legged buckles 154. The horizontal plates of the two double-legged buckles 154 are arranged parallel to each other and a second gap 1551 is reserved. The width of the second gap 1551 is equal to twice the thickness of the side wall 151 of the box. One end of the second gap 1551 is sealed by a second connecting plate 1552, and the second connecting plate 1552 and the first connecting plate 1543 of the two double-legged buckles 154 form a cross shape. The double-legged buckles 154 and the four-legged buckle 155 can reinforce the connection between the unit cells 15 on the one hand, and limit the position of the unit cells 15 through the setting of the first gap 1542 and the second gap 1551 to ensure the splicing accuracy of the unit cells 15.

[0033] As an improved structure of the bottom wall 14, the bottom wall 14 is provided with a folded edge 141 corresponding to the edge of the elastic telescopic belt 21. The folded edge 141 has a through hole 1411 to allow it to be connected to the elastic telescopic belt 21 and the universal joint 222 by fasteners. During connection, the folded edge 141 is aligned with the edge of the elastic telescopic belt 21, and the through hole 1411 is aligned with the universal joint 222. Then, the folded edge 141, the elastic telescopic belt 21 and the universal joint 222 are connected and fixed together by fasteners such as bolts, making the connection more reliable and secure.

[0034] The fault zone simulation component 2 is located between the left and right pan chambers 11 and 12. The component includes an elastic telescopic belt 21 and universal telescopic rods 22. The elastic telescopic belt 21 is U-shaped with its opening facing upwards to connect with the left and right pan chambers 11 and 12, forming a sand box with an open top. Multiple universal telescopic rods 22 are evenly distributed along the outer side of the elastic telescopic belt 21's U-shaped contour. These universal telescopic rods 22 are arranged in a left-right direction and include telescopic members 221 and universal joints 222 installed at both ends of the telescopic members 221. The universal telescopic rods 22 are connected to the side walls 13 or bottom walls 14 of the box on the left and right sides respectively through the universal joints 222. By using the elastic telescopic belt 21 in conjunction with the universal telescopic rods 22, the width of the fault zone can be adjusted, and multi-directional motion control can be achieved using the universal joints 222, thereby accurately simulating the activity characteristics of different fault zones.

[0035] Specifically, in this embodiment, the elastic stretch band 21 is made of rubber. In other embodiments, the elastic stretch band 21 may also be made of silicone or other commonly used materials.

[0036] Specifically, in this embodiment, the universal joint 222 is a cross-shaped universal structure. The cross-shaped universal structure includes two rotary joints 2221, a cross-shaped fixing rod 2222, a bolt 2223, and a nut 2224. In other embodiments, the universal joint 222 may also adopt a ball joint universal structure or other commonly used structures.

[0037] Among them, there are two sets of pipe end fixing components 3, which are respectively installed on the side wall 13 of the left pan 11 and the side wall 13 of the right pan 12. The two sets of pipe end fixing components 3 are arranged opposite each other and the clamping diameter can be adjusted.

[0038] Specifically, in this embodiment, one of the cell 15 on the belly of the side wall 13 of the box serves as a mounting grid for mounting the pipe end fixing assembly 3. The outer side of the mounting grid is provided with mounting cylinders 156 arranged left and right. The pipe end fixing assembly 3 includes a transmission disk 31, a planetary carrier rod 32, and a driving member 33. The transmission disk 31 is rotatably mounted on the mounting cylinder 156. Multiple curved sliding holes 311 are evenly distributed circumferentially on the disk surface of the transmission disk 31. Multiple planetary carrier rods 32 are provided, each corresponding to one of the curved sliding holes 311. The planetary carrier rods 32 are slidably inserted into the mounting cylinder 156 and arranged radially along the mounting cylinder 156. The end of the planetary carrier rod 32 located on the outer side of the mounting cylinder 156 is slidably connected to the corresponding curved sliding hole 311. The end of the planetary carrier rod 32 located on the inner side of the mounting cylinder 156 is equipped with a clamping block 321. The driving member 33 is installed on the outer side of the mounting grid and connected to the transmission disk 31. The driving member 33 is used to drive the transmission disk 31 to rotate so as to change the clamping diameter of the multiple clamping blocks 321. During operation, the drive component 33 drives the transmission disk 31 to rotate. Under the linkage of the curved sliding hole 311 and the guiding action of the mounting cylinder 156, the planetary carrier rod 32 moves radially, thereby changing the clamping diameter formed by the clamping blocks 321 of the multiple planetary carrier rods 32, thus adapting to test pipes 200 of different diameters. This pipe end fixing component 3 has an ingenious structure, ensuring the synchronous movement of multiple clamping blocks 321 and reliable clamping. In other embodiments, the pipe end fixing component 3 can also adopt a three-jaw chuck or other commonly used structures.

[0039] More specifically, in this embodiment, the transmission disk 31 is a transmission gear, and the driving component 33 includes a servo motor 331 and a driving gear 332. The driving gear 332 is sleeved on the output shaft of the servo motor 331 and meshes with the transmission gear. During operation, the output shaft of the servo motor 331 rotates, driving the driving gear 332 to rotate, thereby driving the transmission gear to rotate. Of course, a combination drive structure of a motor and a synchronous belt or other commonly used structures can also be used to drive the transmission disk 31 to rotate.

[0040] As an improved structure of the pipe end fixing assembly 3, the pipe end fixing assembly 3 in this embodiment also includes a miniature control display 34 installed on the outside of the mounting grid. The miniature control display 34 is communicatively connected to the servo motor 331 so as to control the operation of the servo motor 331 according to the required clamping diameter. During operation, the operator inputs the diameter of the pipe 200 to be tested into the miniature control display 34, and the miniature control display 34 controls the servo motor 331 to operate according to the instruction, thereby adjusting the clamping diameter to match the diameter of the pipe 200 to be tested.

[0041] As another improved structure of the pipe end fixing component 3, the mounting cylinder 156 in this embodiment is provided with external threads, and the pipe end fixing component 3 also includes an end cap 35, which is provided with internal threads and screwed onto the mounting cylinder 156. The end cap 35 has two functions: first, by cooperating with the left and right end caps 35, the pipe under test 200 can be axially limited to prevent axial movement of the pipe under test 200 during the test; second, the end cap 35 can cover the exposed end of the pipe under test 200 to prevent the pipe under test 200 from being bumped or damaged.

[0042] The working principle of the sandbox simulation test device for buried oil and gas pipeline strike-slip faults in this embodiment is as follows: S1. According to the sand box size and fault angle of the test plan, select appropriate size and number of cell 15, and splice them to form left disk box 11 and right disk box 12. Finally, fix left disk box 11 and right disk box 12 on the two loading platforms 110 of test bench 100 through the bottom wall 14 of the box. S2. Install the fracture zone simulation component 2, and pre-adjust the length of the universal telescopic rod 22 according to the fracture zone width and fault displacement required by the test. S3. Lay the pipe to be tested 200 so that both ends of the pipe to be tested 200 are clamped and fixed on the two pipe end fixing components 3 respectively; S4. Place the stress sensor and strain sensor on the outer surface of the pipe to be tested 200, and at the same time lead out the cable through the wire hole 1521 and connect it to the data acquisition system. S5. Fill the sand box with soil to the designed burial depth; S6. Apply loads to one or both sides of the loading platform using the horizontal actuator 120 to simulate strike-slip fault movement, while simultaneously collecting relevant data on the deformation of the pipeline 200 under test and the soil.

[0043] It should be noted that when using this method: when simulating a strike-slip fault with the fault direction relatively perpendicular to the pipeline direction, the two sidewalls 13 with equal lengths are formed by splicing together cells 15; when simulating a strike-slip fault with the fault direction relatively inclined to the pipeline direction, the two sidewalls 13 with unequal lengths are formed by splicing together cells 15, and the longer wing of the sidewall 13 of the left pan 11 and the shorter wing of the sidewall 13 of the right pan 12 are located on the same side.

[0044] It should be noted that, regardless of whether the strike-slip fault is perpendicular to the pipeline or inclined to the pipeline, this device is only suitable for simulating a fault dip angle of 90° (i.e., the fault zone is vertical).

[0045] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present invention. Although detailed descriptions have been provided with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments, and they should all be covered within the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A sandbox simulation test device for strike-slip faults in buried oil and gas pipelines, characterized in that, include: The disk breakage simulation component (1) includes a left disk box (11) and a right disk box (12). Both the left disk box (11) and the right disk box (12) include a side wall (13) and a bottom wall (14). The side wall (13) is a U-shaped structure formed by detachable splicing of multiple cells (15). The openings of the side wall (13) of the left disk box (11) and the side wall (13) of the right disk box (12) are opposite to each other. The bottom wall (14) is detachably connected to the bottom end of the corresponding side wall (13). The fracture zone simulation component (2) is located between the left pan box (11) and the right pan box (12). The fracture zone simulation component (2) includes an elastic telescopic belt (21) and a universal telescopic rod (22). The elastic telescopic belt (21) is U-shaped and has an upward opening to connect with the left pan box (11) and the right pan box (12) to form a sand box with an open top. Multiple universal telescopic rods (22) are evenly distributed along the U-shaped outline of the outer side of the elastic telescopic belt (21). The universal telescopic rods (22) are arranged in the left and right directions. The universal telescopic rods (22) include telescopic rods (221) and universal joints (222) installed at both ends of the telescopic rods (221). The universal telescopic rods (22) are connected to the side walls (13) or bottom walls (14) of the left and right sides of the box through the universal joints (222) at both ends, respectively. The pipe end fixing assembly (3) has two sets and is installed on the side wall (13) of the left panel box (11) and the side wall (13) of the right panel box (12) respectively. The two sets of pipe end fixing assemblies (3) are arranged opposite each other and the clamping diameter can be adjusted.

2. The sandbox simulation test device for buried oil and gas pipeline strike-slip faults according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cell (15) is an open flat box formed by four box side walls (151) and a box bottom wall (152). The box side walls (151) are provided with connection holes (153). Adjacent open flat boxes are connected by fasteners that pass through the connection holes (153). The opening of the open flat box faces outward. The box side wall (13) is connected to the box bottom wall (14), elastic expansion band (21) and universal joint (222) by fasteners that pass through the connection holes (153).

3. The sandbox simulation test device for buried oil and gas pipeline strike-slip faults according to claim 2, characterized in that, The corners of adjacent open flat boxes are also connected by double-leg buckles (154) or four-leg buckles (155); The double-leg buckle (154) is used to connect the corner of the open flat box located in the edge area of ​​the side wall (13) of the box. The double-leg buckle (154) includes two symmetrically arranged L-shaped corner plates (1541). The horizontal plates of the two L-shaped corner plates (1541) are coplanar. The vertical plates of the two L-shaped corner plates (1541) are arranged in parallel opposite directions and a first gap (1542) is reserved. The width of the first gap (1542) is equal to twice the thickness of the side wall (151) of the box. One end of the first gap (1542) is sealed by a first connecting plate (1543). Each L-shaped corner plate (1541) is provided with a mounting plate (1544) at the end away from the first connecting plate (1543). The mounting plate (1544) is perpendicular to both the horizontal plate and the vertical plate and is used to be fixed to the corresponding bottom wall (152) of the box by fasteners. The four-legged buckle (155) is used to connect the corner of the open flat box located in the middle area of ​​the side wall (13) of the box. The four-legged buckle (155) includes two symmetrically arranged double-legged buckles (154). The horizontal plates of the two double-legged buckles (154) are arranged in parallel opposite directions and a second gap (1551) is reserved. The width of the second gap (1551) is equal to twice the thickness of the side wall (151) of the box. One end of the second gap (1551) is sealed by a second connecting plate (1552), and the second connecting plate (1552) and the first connecting plate (1543) of the two double-legged buckles (154) form a cross shape.

4. The sandbox simulation test device for buried oil and gas pipeline strike-slip faults according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The bottom wall (152) of the box has a through hole (1521) for threading sensor cables.

5. The sandbox simulation test device for buried oil and gas pipeline strike-slip faults according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom wall (14) of the box is provided with a folded edge (141) corresponding to the edge of the elastic stretch band (21). The folded edge (141) is provided with a through hole (1411) so that it can be connected to the elastic stretch band (21) and the universal joint (222) by fasteners.

6. The sandbox simulation test device for buried oil and gas pipeline strike-slip faults according to claim 1, characterized in that, One of the cells (15) on the belly of the side wall (13) of the box serves as a mounting grid for mounting the pipe end fixing assembly (3). The mounting grid has mounting cylinders (156) arranged on the left and right sides. The pipe end fixing assembly (3) includes: The transmission disc (31) is rotatably mounted on the mounting cylinder (156), and the transmission disc (31) has a plurality of curved sliding holes (311) evenly distributed circumferentially on its surface. The planetary carrier rod (32) is provided with multiple planetary carrier rods, each corresponding to one of the curved sliding holes (311). The planetary carrier rod (32) is slidably inserted into the mounting cylinder (156) and arranged radially along the mounting cylinder (156). The end of the planetary carrier rod (32) located outside the mounting cylinder (156) is slidably connected to the corresponding curved sliding hole (311). The end of the planetary carrier rod (32) located inside the mounting cylinder (156) is equipped with a clamping block (321). A drive unit (33) is mounted on the outside of the mounting grid and connected to the transmission disk (31). The drive unit (33) is used to drive the transmission disk (31) to rotate so as to change the clamping diameter of the plurality of clamping blocks (321).

7. The sandbox simulation test device for buried oil and gas pipeline strike-slip faults according to claim 6, characterized in that, The transmission disk (31) is a transmission gear, and the driving component (33) includes a servo motor (331) and a driving gear (332). The driving gear (332) is sleeved on the output shaft of the servo motor (331) and meshes with the transmission gear.

8. The sandbox simulation test device for buried oil and gas pipeline strike-slip faults according to claim 7, characterized in that, The tube end fixing assembly (3) also includes a miniature control display (34) mounted on the outside of the mounting grid. The miniature control display (34) is communicatively connected to the servo motor (331) so as to control the operation of the servo motor (331) according to the required clamping diameter.

9. The sandbox simulation test apparatus for buried oil and gas pipeline strike-slip faults according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that, The mounting cylinder (156) is provided with external threads, and the pipe end fixing assembly (3) further includes an end cap (35), which is provided with internal threads and screwed onto the mounting cylinder (156).

10. A method of using the sandbox simulation test device for buried oil and gas pipeline strike-slip faults as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: When simulating a strike-slip fault with the fault direction being relatively perpendicular to the pipeline direction, the two wing sidewalls (13) are spliced ​​together by cell (15). When simulating a strike-slip fault with the fault direction relatively inclined to the pipeline direction, the two side walls (13) with different lengths are spliced ​​by cell (15), and the longer wing of the side wall (13) of the left plate box (11) and the shorter wing of the side wall (13) of the right plate box (12) are located on the same side.

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