Multi-fuel independent control external mixing type fuel injector and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-fuel independent control external mixing type fuel injector and a working method thereof, belongs to the technical field of power and energy engineering, and aims to solve the problems of large space occupation of a cylinder cover and poor injection synchronism caused by the adoption of two or more independent fuel injectors in a multi-fuel engine. Wherein the fuel injector shell is provided with inlets and fuel injection holes of various fuels, and each fuel is correspondingly provided with one inlet and a plurality of fuel injection holes which are uniformly formed in the circumferential direction of the fuel injector shell; the needle valve is driven by the driving assembly to move up and down between a first position and a second position in the fuel injector shell, and when the needle valve is located at the first position, the inlet of each fuel communicates with the fuel injection hole; when the needle valve is located at the second position, the inlet and the oil injection hole of each fuel are disconnected; and the plurality of electromagnetic throttle valves are respectively used for controlling the opening and closing of various fuel inlets and the fuel flow. The fuel injector is small in occupied space, good in injection synchronism and uniform in fuel mixing.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of power and energy engineering, and particularly relates to a multi-fuel independent control external mixing type fuel injector and a working method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The global energy structure is accelerating towards renewable energy. Although low-carbon fuels such as ethanol, methanol and biodiesel have a wide source and low price, they are difficult to be compatible with traditional gasoline / diesel fuel injectors due to the large differences in viscosity, lubricity and vaporization temperature, resulting in poor atomization, valve needle jamming and air blockage misfire, which can easily lead to increased fuel consumption, increased emissions and even engine damage. In addition, the controllability of the combustion process of traditional gasoline / diesel engines is relatively single, and the engine also has the problem of knocking, which can seriously damage the engine structure and reduce the service life. Multi-fuel engines can realize flexible switching of fuels, adapt to low-carbon emissions, and also take into account the combustion characteristics under different working conditions, which can significantly improve the adaptability and economy of the engine. Therefore, multi-fuel engines provide a transition route that takes into account energy security and cost control, and also lay the foundation for future carbon-neutral fuel and hybrid platforms.

[0003] However, current multi-fuel engines still need to use independent fuel injectors for separate control, and multiple fuel injectors occupy the cylinder head space. With the continuous increase of sealing and thermal load limits, the cost of structural modification is high, and the injection is difficult to synchronize in actual operation. The problem of precise control of multi-fuel mixing consistency under wide load and variable fuel ratio has not been solved.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to invent an integrated multi-fuel fuel injector to realize multi-fuel integrated injection and independent control in the same nozzle, significantly improve the fuel mixing ratio, promote rapid jet combustion, promote the technological innovation of engine fuel injectors, and provide key technical support for building a low-carbon, zero-carbon transportation and industrial power system, which has urgent practical significance and broad application prospects. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, in order to solve the problems of large cylinder head space occupation, poor injection synchronization and fuel mixing caused by using two or more independent fuel injectors in multi-fuel engines, the present application provides a multi-fuel independent control external mixing type fuel injector and a working method thereof.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme: A multi-fuel independent control external mixing type fuel injector for injecting multiple fuels, comprising: a fuel injector housing provided with multiple fuel inlets and fuel injection holes, and one inlet and multiple fuel injection holes uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the fuel injector housing are provided for each fuel; The needle valve and its drive assembly move the needle valve up and down between a first position and a second position within the injector housing, driven by the drive assembly. The first position is when the needle valve is at its lowest point, and the second position is when the needle valve is at its highest point. When the needle valve is in the first position, all fuel inlets and injection holes are connected; when the needle valve is in the second position, all fuel inlets and injection holes are disconnected. Multiple electromagnetic throttle valves are used to control the opening and closing of various fuel inlets and the fuel flow rate. As a preferred embodiment of the aforementioned multi-fuel independent control external mixing injector, the injector housing is provided with an upper section and a lower section of pipeline for multiple fuels, and the needle valve is provided with a middle section of pipeline for multiple fuels. When the needle valve is in the first position, the middle section of pipeline for each fuel is connected to the upper section and the lower section of pipeline respectively; when the needle valve is in the second position, the middle section of pipeline for each fuel is disconnected from the upper section and the lower section of pipeline respectively.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned multi-fuel independent control external mixing injector, the types of fuel are greater than or equal to three. This embodiment is illustrated by taking three types of fuel as an example.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the aforementioned multi-fuel independent control external mixing injector, the injection holes for the various fuels are a first fuel injection hole, a second fuel injection hole, and a third fuel injection hole. The second fuel injection hole is closer to the outside of the injector housing than the first fuel injection hole, and the third fuel injection hole is located between the first fuel injection hole and the second fuel injection hole.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the aforementioned multi-fuel independent control external mixing injector, the fuel injected from the first fuel injection hole, the second fuel injection hole, and the third fuel injection hole located on the same injector housing radius can intersect at a single point.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the aforementioned multi-fuel independent control external mixing injector, the lower section of the pipeline for the second fuel is provided with a second fuel pressure regulating chamber, and the lower section of the pipeline for the third fuel is provided with a third fuel pressure regulating chamber, both of which are annular.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the aforementioned multi-fuel independent control external mixing injector, the electromagnetic throttle valve includes an electromagnet and a plunger. The electromagnet can drive the plunger to control the opening and closing of the inlet and regulate the fuel flow.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the aforementioned multi-fuel independent control external mixing injector, the drive assembly includes an upper electromagnet, a lower electromagnet, and a coil. The upper and lower electromagnets are both disposed on the injector housing, and the coil is disposed on the top of the needle valve. The upper and lower electromagnets are located above and below the coil, respectively.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the aforementioned multi-fuel independent control external mixing injector, the number of injection holes for each fuel is 6.

[0014] This invention also provides a method for operating a multi-fuel independent control external mixing injector, employing the aforementioned multi-fuel independent control external mixing injector, comprising: S1: Determine how many types of fuel a multi-fuel independent control external mixing injector needs to inject; If only one type of fuel needs to be injected, a single-fuel injection mode is adopted, which controls multiple electromagnetic throttle valves to open one fuel inlet while closing the other fuel inlets; If multiple fuels need to be injected, a multi-fuel external mixing injection mode is adopted, which opens the inlet of the required number of fuel types by controlling multiple electromagnetic throttle valves; S2: When injecting fuel, under the driving action of the drive component and the gravity of the needle valve itself, the needle valve moves downward, so that the upper and middle sections of each fuel line are connected, and the middle section of the line is connected to the lower section of the line, and the fuel is injected from the injection hole. S3: When injection stops, the needle valve moves upward under the drive of the drive component, which disconnects the upper and middle sections of the pipeline for each type of fuel, and disconnects the middle section from the lower section of the pipeline, thus stopping fuel injection.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the multi-fuel independent control external mixing injector and its working method provided by the present invention are: This invention provides a multi-fuel independently controlled external mixing injector and its operating method. This multi-fuel injector adopts an integrated structure, consolidating the previously dispersed multi-injector system into a single component. This directly eliminates drawbacks such as large space occupation, multiple sealing interfaces, and concentrated heat load, enabling quantitative injection of multiple fuels even in a compact cylinder head layout. Multiple electromagnetic throttle valves can be linked and driven to ensure zero deviation in the injection timing of each fuel, completely solving the problem of uneven mixing caused by mechanical delays in separate designs. A single needle valve can independently open and close multiple fuels, reducing the number of parts and simultaneously improving reliability. The axes of the injection orifices for multiple fuels form an angle with each other, creating a three-dimensional cross-flow field in the combustion chamber, significantly improving the uniformity of the air-fuel mixture and laying the foundation for stable and efficient combustion of multiple fuels. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram (cross-sectional view along S1) of a multi-fuel independent control external mixing injector provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-fuel layout of a multi-fuel independently controlled external mixing injector provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view along S2 of the multi-fuel independent control external mixing injector provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the injection port of a multi-fuel independent control external mixing injector provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the axial design of the injection hole of the multi-fuel independent control external mixing injector provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of fuel mixing from multiple injection holes of a multi-fuel independently controlled external mixing injector provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-fuel layout for a multi-fuel independent control external mixing injector used to inject four types of fuel. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-fuel layout of a multi-fuel independent control external mixing injector used for injecting five types of fuel.

[0017] In the picture: 1. Upper electromagnet; 2. Coil; 3. Lower electromagnet; 4. Second fuel inlet; 5. Second electromagnet; 6. Second plunger; 7. Needle valve; 8. Injector housing; 9. Second fuel pressure regulating chamber; 10. Second fuel injection hole; 11. First fuel injection hole; 12. Power cord; 13. Third fuel inlet; 14. Third electromagnet; 15. Third plunger; 16. Fuel line upper and middle section interface; 17. Fuel line middle and lower section interface; 18. Third fuel pressure regulating chamber; 19. Third fuel injection hole; 20. First fuel inlet; 101. First fuel line middle section; 102. Second fuel line middle section; 103. Third fuel line middle section. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, and the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments.

[0019] See Figures 1-6This invention provides a multi-fuel independently controlled external mixing injector for injecting multiple fuels. The injector includes an injector housing 8, a needle valve 7, multiple electromagnetic throttle valves, and a drive assembly. The injector housing 8 has inlets and injection holes for multiple fuels, with each fuel having one inlet and multiple injection holes evenly arranged along the circumference of the injector housing 8. The needle valve 7 is driven by the drive assembly to move between a first position and a second position within the injector housing 8. When the needle valve 7 is in the first position, the inlets and injection holes for each fuel are connected; when the needle valve 7 is in the second position, the inlets and injection holes for each fuel are disconnected. The multiple electromagnetic throttle valves are used to control the opening and closing of the inlets and the fuel flow rate for each fuel. It is understood that the needle valve 7 slides through the injector housing 8; in the first position, the needle valve is at its lowest point, and in the second position, the needle valve is at its highest point.

[0020] In this embodiment, the injector housing 8 is provided with an upper section and a lower section of a pipeline for various fuels, and the needle valve 7 is provided with a middle section of a pipeline for various fuels. When the needle valve 7 is in the first position, the middle section of the pipeline for each fuel is connected to the upper section and the lower section of the pipeline respectively; when the needle valve 7 is in the second position, the middle section of the pipeline for each fuel is disconnected from the upper section and the lower section of the pipeline respectively.

[0021] Understandably, for each type of fuel, the upper section of the fuel line is connected to the inlet, and the lower section is connected to the injection port. When the needle valve 7 is in the first position, the upper section of the fuel line is connected to the middle section interface 16, and the middle section of the fuel line is connected to the lower section interface 17, thereby connecting the inlet to the injection port; when the needle valve 7 is in the second position, the upper section of the fuel line is disconnected from the middle section interface 16, and the middle section of the fuel line is disconnected from the lower section interface 17, thereby disconnecting the inlet from the injection port.

[0022] In this embodiment, there are three or more types of fuel. In other embodiments, there may be four or five types of fuel, such as... Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown.

[0023] like Figures 1-6 As shown, this embodiment uses a multi-fuel independent control external mixing injector that carries three types of fuel as an example for introduction: The injector housing 8 is provided with a first fuel inlet 20, a third fuel inlet 13, a first fuel injection hole 11, a second fuel injection hole 10, and a third fuel injection hole 19. There are multiple first fuel injection holes 11, second fuel injection holes 10, and third fuel injection holes 19. The multiple first fuel injection holes 11 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the injector housing 8, the multiple second fuel injection holes 10 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the injector housing 8, and the multiple third fuel injection holes 19 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the injector housing 8.

[0024] The multiple electromagnetic throttle valves are designated as a first electromagnetic throttle valve, a second electromagnetic throttle valve, and a third electromagnetic throttle valve. The first electromagnetic valve controls the opening degree of the first fuel inlet 20, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the first fuel inlet 20 and the fuel flow rate. The second electromagnetic valve controls the opening degree of the second fuel inlet 4, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the second fuel inlet 4 and the fuel flow rate. The third electromagnetic valve controls the opening degree of the third fuel inlet 13, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the third fuel inlet 13 and the fuel flow rate.

[0025] In this embodiment, the electromagnetic throttle valve includes an electromagnet and a plunger. The electromagnet can drive the plunger to control the opening and closing of the inlet and regulate the fuel flow. The first electromagnetic throttle valve includes a first electromagnet and a first plunger; the second electromagnetic throttle valve includes a second electromagnet 5 and a second plunger 6; the third electromagnetic throttle valve includes a third electromagnet 14 and a second plunger 6.

[0026] The injector housing 8 and the needle valve 7 are provided with a first fuel line, a second fuel line and a third fuel line. The first fuel line is used to transport the first fuel, the second fuel line is used to transport the second fuel, and the third fuel line is used to transport the third fuel. The injector housing 8 is provided with an upper section and a lower section of the first fuel line, an upper section and a lower section of the second fuel line, an upper section and a lower section of the third fuel line, and an upper section and a lower section of the third fuel line. The needle valve 7 is provided with a middle section 101 of the first fuel line, a middle section 102 of the second fuel line and a middle section 103 of the third fuel line.

[0027] When needle valve 7 is in the first position, the upper and lower ends of the middle section 101 of the first fuel pipeline are connected to the upper and lower sections of the first fuel pipeline, respectively. The first fuel passes sequentially through the first fuel inlet 20, the upper section of the first fuel pipeline, the middle section 101 of the first fuel pipeline, and the lower section of the first fuel pipeline before being sprayed out from the first fuel injection hole 11. The upper and lower ends of the middle section 102 of the second fuel pipeline are connected to the upper and lower sections of the second fuel pipeline, respectively. The second fuel... After passing through the second fuel inlet 4, the upper section of the second fuel pipeline, the middle section 102 of the second fuel pipeline, and the lower section of the second fuel pipeline, the fuel is sprayed out from the second fuel injection hole 10. The upper and lower ends of the middle section 103 of the third fuel pipeline are connected to the upper section of the third fuel pipeline and the lower section of the third fuel pipeline, respectively. After passing through the third fuel inlet 13, the upper section of the third fuel pipeline, the middle section 103 of the third fuel pipeline, and the lower section of the third fuel pipeline, the third fuel is sprayed out from the third fuel injection hole 19. When the needle valve 7 is in the second position, the fuel line inside the needle valve 7 is misaligned with the fuel line inside the injector housing 8. The upper and lower ends of the middle section 101 of the first type of fuel line are disconnected from the upper and lower sections of the first type of fuel line, respectively; the upper and lower ends of the middle section 102 of the second type of fuel line are disconnected from the upper and lower sections of the second type of fuel line, respectively; the upper and lower ends of the middle section 102 of the second type of fuel line are disconnected from the upper and lower sections of the second type of fuel line, respectively, so that the fuel cannot be injected normally.

[0028] In this embodiment, the lower section of the pipeline for the second type of fuel is provided with a second fuel pressure stabilizing chamber 9, and the lower section of the pipeline for the third type of fuel is provided with a third fuel pressure stabilizing chamber 18. Both the second fuel pressure stabilizing chamber 9 and the third fuel pressure stabilizing chamber 18 are annular. The lower section of the pipeline for the second type of fuel is the lower section of the second fuel pipeline, and the lower section of the pipeline for the third type of fuel is the lower section of the third fuel pipeline. The second and third pressure stabilizing chambers can stabilize the fuel pressure in their respective fuel pipelines and are connected to their respective injection holes to provide fuel to their respective injection holes.

[0029] In this embodiment, the injection holes for multiple fuels are a first fuel injection hole 11, a second fuel injection hole 10, and a third fuel injection hole 19. The second fuel injection hole 10 is closer to the outside of the injector housing 8 than the first fuel injection hole 11, and the third fuel injection hole 19 is located between the first fuel injection hole 11 and the second fuel injection hole 10. The first fuel injection hole 11 is located at the center of the injector, and the second fuel injection hole 10 is located away from the center of the injector.

[0030] In this embodiment, the fuel injected from the first fuel injection hole 11, the second fuel injection hole 10 and the third fuel injection hole 19, which are located on the same injector housing 8 radius, can intersect at a point.

[0031] The axes of the first fuel injection hole 11, the second fuel injection hole 10, and the third fuel injection hole 19 form an angle with each other, and the first fuel injection hole 11, the second fuel injection hole 10, and the third fuel injection hole 19 form an angled injection. The fuel injected from the first fuel injection hole 11, the second fuel injection hole 10, and the third fuel injection hole 19 will cross at a point. The injected fuel jet forms a three-dimensional cross flow field in the combustion chamber, which can make the fuel mix evenly.

[0032] In this embodiment, the driving assembly includes an upper electromagnet 1, a lower electromagnet 3, and a coil 2. The upper electromagnet 1 and lower electromagnet 3 are both located on the injector housing 8, and the coil 2 is located on top of the needle valve 7. The upper electromagnet 1 and lower electromagnet 3 are located above and below the coil 2, respectively. When the lower electromagnet 3 is energized, it generates a magnetic force that attracts the coil 2 downwards. When the upper electromagnet 1 is de-energized, it does not generate a magnetic force. The coil 2 drives the needle valve 7, and in conjunction with the needle valve 7's own weight, causes the needle valve 7 to move downwards. This connects the fuel line within the needle valve 7 with the fuel line within the injector housing 8, and the injector begins to inject fuel. When the lower electromagnet 3 is de-energized, it does not generate a magnetic force. When the upper electromagnet 1 is energized, it generates a magnetic force that attracts the coil 2 upwards. The coil 2 drives the needle valve 7 upwards, causing the fuel line within the needle valve 7 to become misaligned with the fuel line within the injector housing 8, and the injector stops injecting fuel.

[0033] In this embodiment, there are 6 injection holes for each type of fuel.

[0034] This invention also provides a method for operating a multi-fuel independent control external mixing injector, employing the aforementioned multi-fuel independent control external mixing injector, comprising: S1: Determine how many types of fuel a multi-fuel independent control external mixing injector needs to inject; If only one type of fuel needs to be injected, a single-fuel injection mode is adopted, which controls multiple electromagnetic throttle valves to open one fuel inlet while closing the other fuel inlets; If multiple fuels need to be injected, a multi-fuel external mixing injection mode is adopted, which controls multiple electromagnetic throttle valves to open the inlets for the required number of fuels. In other words, if two fuels need to be injected, two electromagnetic throttle valves are controlled to open; if three fuels need to be injected, three electromagnetic throttle valves are controlled to open.

[0035] S2: When injecting fuel, under the driving action of the drive component and the gravity of the needle valve 7 itself, the needle valve 7 moves downward, so that the upper and middle sections of each fuel pipeline are connected, and the middle section of the pipeline is connected to the lower section of the pipeline, and the fuel is injected from the injection hole.

[0036] S3: When injection stops, the needle valve 7 moves upward under the driving action of the drive component, which disconnects the upper and middle sections of the pipeline for each type of fuel, and disconnects the middle section from the lower section of the pipeline, thus stopping fuel injection.

[0037] The single-fuel injection mode (taking the injection of only the first fuel as an example) is as follows: the first electromagnet is energized to control the first plunger to move upward, thereby opening the first fuel inlet 20; the second electromagnet 5 controls the second plunger 6 to move downward, thereby opening the second fuel inlet; the third electromagnet 14 controls the third plunger 15 to move downward, thereby opening the third fuel inlet. When injecting fuel, the lower electromagnet 3 is energized, generating a magnetic force that attracts the coil 2 wound around the upper end of the needle valve 7 to move downwards. At the same time, the upper electromagnet 1 is de-energized. The coil 2 drives the needle valve 7, and together with the weight of the needle valve 7, causes the needle valve 7 to move downwards, thus unblocking the upper section, middle section 101, and lower section of the first fuel pipeline. The first fuel passes sequentially along the first fuel pipeline through the first electromagnetic throttle valve, the upper section, middle section 101, and lower section, and is ejected from the first fuel injection hole 11. When injection stops, the upper electromagnet 1 is energized, and the lower electromagnet 3 is de-energized. The upper electromagnet 1 is energized, generating a magnetic force that attracts the coil 2 wound around the upper end of the needle valve 7 to move upwards. The coil 2 drives the needle valve 7, causing the needle valve 7 to move upwards, thus disconnecting the middle section 101 of the first fuel pipeline from the upper and lower sections of the first fuel pipeline. The first fuel cannot enter the middle section 101 of the first fuel pipeline, and the injector stops injecting fuel.

[0038] The multi-fuel external mixing injection mode (taking simultaneous injection of three fuels as an example) is as follows: The first electromagnet is energized to control the first plunger to move upward, thus unblocking the inlet 20 of the first fuel; the second electromagnet 5 is energized to control the second plunger 6 to move upward, thus unblocking the inlet 4 of the second fuel; the third electromagnet 14 is energized to attract the third plunger 15 to move upward, thus unblocking the inlet 13 of the third fuel. During fuel injection, the lower electromagnet 3 is energized to generate magnetic force that attracts the coil 2 wound around the upper end of the needle valve 7 to move downward. Simultaneously, the upper electromagnet 1 is de-energized, and the coil 2 drives the needle valve 7, which, in conjunction with its own weight, moves the needle valve 7 downward, ensuring unblocking the upper, middle, and lower sections of each fuel line. The first fuel passes through the first electromagnetic throttle valve, sequentially through the upper section, middle section 101, and lower section of the first fuel pipeline, and is ejected from the first fuel injection port 11. The second fuel passes through the second electromagnetic throttle valve, sequentially through the upper section, middle section 102, lower section, and pressure regulating chamber 9 of the second fuel pipeline, and is ejected from the second fuel injection port 10. The third fuel passes through the third electromagnetic throttle valve, sequentially through the upper section, middle section 103, lower section, and pressure regulating chamber 18 of the third fuel pipeline, and is ejected from the third fuel injection port 19. In this embodiment, the fuels ejected from the first fuel injection port 11, the second fuel injection port 10, and the third fuel injection port 19, which are located on the same radius, intersect at a single point, ensuring thorough mixing. When injection stops, the upper electromagnet 1 is energized and the lower electromagnet 3 is de-energized. The energization of the upper electromagnet 1 generates a magnetic force that attracts the coil 2 wound around the upper end of the needle valve 7 to move upward. The coil 2 drives the needle valve 7 to move upward, causing the upper, middle and lower ends of each type of fuel line to be disconnected. At this time, the first fuel cannot enter the middle section 101 of the first type of fuel line, the second fuel cannot enter the middle section 102 of the second type of fuel line, and the third fuel cannot enter the middle section 103 of the third type of fuel line. At this time, the injector stops injecting fuel.

[0039] This invention provides a multi-fuel independently controlled external mixing injector and its operating method. This multi-fuel injector adopts an integrated structure, consolidating the previously dispersed multi-injector system into a single component. This directly eliminates drawbacks such as large space occupation, multiple sealing interfaces, and concentrated heat load, enabling quantitative injection of multiple fuels even in a compact cylinder head layout. Its multiple electromagnetic throttle valves can be linked and driven to ensure zero deviation in the injection timing of each fuel, completely solving the problem of uneven mixing caused by mechanical delays in separate designs. A single needle valve 7 can independently open and close multiple fuels, reducing the number of components and simultaneously improving reliability. The axes of the injection orifices for multiple fuels form an angle with each other, creating a three-dimensional cross-flow field in the combustion chamber, significantly improving the uniformity of the air-fuel mixture and laying the foundation for stable and efficient combustion of multiple fuels.

[0040] Obviously, the above-disclosed embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative of the invention. The embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments herein.

Claims

1. A multi-fuel independent control external mixing injector for injecting multiple fuels, characterized in that, include: The injector housing (8) is provided with inlets and injection holes for various fuels. Each fuel is provided with one inlet and multiple injection holes evenly arranged along the circumference of the injector housing (8). The needle valve (7) and the drive assembly are driven by the drive assembly to move up and down between a first position and a second position within the injector housing (8). When the needle valve (7) is in the first position, each fuel inlet and the injection hole are connected; when the needle valve (7) is in the second position, each fuel inlet and the injection hole are disconnected. Multiple electromagnetic throttle valves are used to control the opening and closing of various fuel inlets and the fuel flow rate.

2. The multi-fuel independent control external mixing injector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The injector housing (8) is provided with an upper section and a lower section of a pipeline for various fuels, and the needle valve (7) is provided with a middle section of a pipeline for various fuels. When the needle valve (7) is in the first position, the middle section of the pipeline for each fuel is connected to the upper section and the lower section of the pipeline respectively; when the needle valve (7) is in the second position, the middle section of the pipeline for each fuel is disconnected from the upper section and the lower section of the pipeline respectively.

3. The multi-fuel independent control external mixing injector according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are three or more types of fuel.

4. The multi-fuel independent control external mixing injector according to claim 3, characterized in that: The injection holes for various fuels are a first fuel injection hole (11), a second fuel injection hole (10), and a third fuel injection hole (19). The second fuel injection hole (10) is closer to the outside of the injector housing (8) than the first fuel injection hole (11), and the third fuel injection hole (19) is located between the first fuel injection hole (11) and the second fuel injection hole (10).

5. The multi-fuel independent control external mixing injector according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fuel injected from the first fuel injection hole (11), the second fuel injection hole (10) and the third fuel injection hole (19) located on the same injector housing (8) radius can intersect at a point.

6. The multi-fuel independent control external mixing injector according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower section of the pipeline for the second type of fuel is provided with a pressure stabilizing chamber for the second type of fuel (9), and the lower section of the pipeline for the third type of fuel is provided with a pressure stabilizing chamber for the third type of fuel (18). Both the pressure stabilizing chamber for the second type of fuel (9) and the pressure stabilizing chamber for the third type of fuel (18) are annular.

7. The multi-fuel independent control external mixing injector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic throttle valve includes an electromagnet and a plunger. The electromagnet can drive the plunger to control the opening and closing of the inlet and regulate the fuel flow.

8. The multi-fuel independent control external mixing injector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes an upper electromagnet (1), a lower electromagnet (3), and a coil (2). The upper electromagnet (1) and the lower electromagnet (3) are both located on the injector housing (8), and the coil (2) is located on the top of the needle valve (7). The upper electromagnet (1) and the lower electromagnet (3) are located above and below the coil (2), respectively.

9. The multi-fuel independent control external mixing injector according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are 6 injection holes for each type of fuel.

10. A method for operating a multi-fuel independent control external mixing injector, characterized in that: The multi-fuel independent control external mixing injector according to any one of claims 1-9 comprises: S1: Determine how many types of fuel a multi-fuel independent control external mixing injector needs to inject; If only one type of fuel needs to be injected, a single-fuel injection mode is adopted, which controls multiple electromagnetic throttle valves to open one fuel inlet while closing the other fuel inlets; If multiple fuels need to be injected, a multi-fuel external mixing injection mode is adopted, which opens the inlet of the required number of fuel types by controlling multiple electromagnetic throttle valves; S2: When injecting fuel, under the driving action of the drive component and the gravity of the needle valve (7), the needle valve (7) moves downward, so that the upper and middle sections of each fuel pipeline are connected, and the middle section of the pipeline is connected to the lower section of the pipeline, and the fuel is injected from the injection hole. S3: When injection stops, the needle valve (7) moves upward under the driving action of the drive component, so that the upper and middle sections of the pipeline for each type of fuel are disconnected, and the middle section of the pipeline is disconnected from the lower section of the pipeline, thus stopping fuel injection.

Images