Charging method for deep hole blasting

Abstract

The invention discloses a charging method for deep hole blasting, relates to the technical field of blasting engineering, and aims to solve the problems that rock powder in a deep hole needs to be independently cleaned before charging, and the efficiency is low. The method comprises the steps that a long pipe provided with a convex joint is sleeved with an annular box filled with explosives, the top end of the annular box is attached to the lower surface of the convex joint, and one end of the long pipe is connected with a dust collector; starting the dust collector to form negative pressure in the long pipe, adsorbing and fixing the annular box body, sucking rock powder under the negative pressure when the long pipe is inserted into the deep hole, and pushing the long pipe to the annular box body to a specified position; and the dust collector is stopped, the annular box body is separated from the long pipe, and the annular box body is left in the deep hole after the long pipe is drawn out. Rock powder cleaning and explosive conveying are integrated, the process is simplified, the explosive charging efficiency is improved, the annular box body is fixed stably, and the blasting effect and operation safety are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of blasting engineering technology, specifically to a method for charging explosives in deep-hole blasting. Background Technology

[0002] In the mining industry, deep-hole blasting is a commonly used rock-breaking method. It involves filling a hole with explosives at a depth greater than 5 meters and using the energy generated by the explosion to break the rock. However, during the deep-hole drilling process, the drilling machinery generates a large amount of rock dust, which easily accumulates at the bottom of the hole and in the gaps between the hole walls.

[0003] In existing deep-hole blasting charging processes, rock powder must first be removed from the deep hole; otherwise, the rock powder will prevent the explosive from being accurately delivered to the designated location, and may also cause the explosive cartridge to be misaligned or have poor contact, affecting the blasting effect and even causing safety hazards. Traditional methods of rock powder removal usually involve compressed air blowing, high-pressure water washing, or manual excavation. After cleaning, the explosive is then fed into the deep hole section by section, either manually or mechanically.

[0004] The aforementioned process has significant drawbacks: firstly, rock powder cleaning and charging are independent procedures, requiring separate equipment and manpower, resulting in cumbersome operations and a single-hole operation time of 30-60 minutes, severely reducing overall charging efficiency; secondly, repeated insertion and removal of cleaning and charging tools can easily cause borehole wall collapse, further increasing operational difficulty and safety risks. Therefore, developing a method that integrates rock powder cleaning and charging has become a key requirement for improving the efficiency of deep-hole blasting operations. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method for deep-hole blasting charging.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for deep-hole blasting charging, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Multiple protrusions are fixedly installed on the long tube. Multiple through holes are opened on the lower surface of the protrusions. After the explosive is filled into the annular box, the annular box is fitted over the long tube so that the top of the annular box fits against the lower surface of the protrusion. One end of the long tube is connected to a vacuum cleaner through a hose.

[0008] Step 2: Start the vacuum cleaner to create negative pressure inside the long tube, which will attract and fix the annular box; insert the long tube into the deep hole, use negative pressure to suck up the rock powder, and push the long tube to the annular box to the designated position.

[0009] Step 3: Stop the vacuum cleaner, separate the ring-shaped box from the long tube, and after pulling out the long tube, the ring-shaped box remains in the deep hole.

[0010] Preferably, the protrusion is fixedly mounted with a pressure ring via a connecting block;

[0011] Multiple rotating blocks are arranged in the circumferential direction of the annular box, and a torsion spring is fixedly installed between each rotating block and the annular box; after the annular box is attracted and fixed on the lower surface of the protrusion, the pressure ring presses the rotating blocks to make them fit against the annular box.

[0012] After the vacuum cleaner starts working, the elastic force of the torsion spring separates the annular box from the long tube, and the torsion spring drives the rotating block to press against the hole wall, fixing the annular box at the designated position in the deep hole.

[0013] Preferably, one end of the annular box is threaded with a threaded plug, and a hand ring is fixedly installed on the threaded plug. The other end of the annular box is provided with a wire hole. After the explosive is filled into the annular box, the threaded plug is tightened.

[0014] Preferably, the end of the rotating block away from the annular box is provided with anti-slip teeth.

[0015] Preferably, the outer wall of the long tube is provided with scale lines.

[0016] Preferably, the negative pressure suction range of the vacuum cleaner is 0.03-0.06 MPa.

[0017] Preferably, the long tube is configured as a multi-segment telescopic structure.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a method for deep-hole blasting charging, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The system integrates rock powder cleaning and explosive delivery through negative pressure adsorption, eliminating the need for a separate rock powder cleaning process and simplifying the cumbersome traditional loading procedure. The extendable tube design adapts to deep hole depths, and the precise positioning structure reduces the number of tool insertions and adjustments. Operators can complete loading collaboratively, resulting in strong overall operational continuity and significantly improved ease of operation.

[0020] 2. The annular box-shaped sealed explosive pack effectively protects the explosive cartridge from external damage and moisture. Negative pressure adsorption ensures stable position of the explosive during transport, and the cooperation between the pressure ring and the rotating block prevents scraping against the borehole wall during transport. After separation, the rotating block automatically unfolds and presses against the borehole wall, ensuring that the explosive is firmly fixed in the designated position, reducing the risk of explosive displacement and improving the stability of the blasting effect.

[0021] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it according to the contents of the specification, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Specific embodiments of the present invention are given in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled structure of the annular box and the threaded plug in this invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the long tube, the protrusion, and the pressure ring in this invention.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Long tube; 2. Protrusion; 3. Through hole; 4. Pressure ring; 5. Connecting block; 6. Annular box; 7. Threaded plug; 8. Hand ring; 9. Rotating block; 10. Torsion spring. Detailed Implementation

[0027] In this embodiment, the working area is designed with a deep hole diameter of 150mm and a depth of 10m; please refer to... Figures 1 to 3 As shown;

[0028] Step 1: Assemble the telescopic tube with the single convex joint

[0029] The long tube 1 adopts a four-section telescopic structure, made of high-strength magnesium-aluminum alloy. The outer tube diameter is 140mm, the second tube diameter is 130mm, the third tube diameter is 120mm, and the inner tube diameter is 110mm. Each section is 3m long, and the maximum telescopic length can reach 11m, meeting the operational requirements of a 10-meter deep hole. The outer wall of the long tube 1 is engraved with 5mm precision graduations along its length, starting from the free end of the inner tube, facilitating precise control of the insertion depth. A protrusion 2 is fixedly installed 30cm from the free end (i.e., the end closest to the bottom of the deep hole) of the inner tube of the long tube 1. Three 10mm diameter through holes 3 are evenly distributed on the lower surface of the protrusion 2, connecting to the hollow channel inside the long tube 1 to ensure smooth negative pressure transmission. A pressure ring 4 is fixedly installed on the protrusion 2 via multiple connecting blocks 5. The pressure ring 4 is annular, with an inner diameter of 142mm and an outer diameter of 148mm. The lower surface of the pressure ring 4 is 5mm away from the lower surface of the protrusion 2, forming a stable pressing space for the rotating block 9.

[0030] Step 2: Assembly of the ring-shaped box and loading of explosives

[0031] The annular box 6 is made of impact-resistant and antistatic modified engineering plastic, with an inner diameter of 140mm, an outer diameter of 138mm, and a height of 1.2m, adaptable to the outer diameter of the long tube 1 and the length of a single-section charge. Three rotating blocks 9 are rotatably mounted at equal intervals along the circumference of the annular box 6 via high-strength pins. Each rotating block 9 is 70mm long, 30mm wide, and 15mm thick. A torsion spring 10 is fixedly installed between each rotating block 9 and the outer wall of the annular box 6. The torsion spring 10 initially drives the rotating block 9 to unfold outwards. The end of the rotating block 9 furthest from the annular box 6 has integrally formed serrated anti-slip teeth with a tooth height of 2mm and a tooth pitch of 3mm, enhancing friction with the hole wall and improving engagement stability. One end of the annular box 6 is open, with an M140×2.5 external thread on the inner wall of the open end, which matches the external thread of the threaded plug 7. A circular hand ring 8 with a diameter of 50mm is connected to the center of the threaded plug 7 for easy gripping and loading / unloading by the operator. The other end of the annular box 6 has a 12mm diameter wire hole at its center for the explosive fuse to pass through. The operator unscrews the threaded plug 7 through the hand ring 8 and tightly fills the Φ130mm waterproof emulsion explosive cartridge into the annular box 6, ensuring that the cartridge is without gaps or damage during the filling process. After filling, the explosive fuse is passed through the wire hole, and then the threaded plug 7 is tightened to seal the annular box 6.

[0032] Step 3: Assembly of the device and commissioning of the negative pressure system

[0033] The annular box 6, filled with explosives, is fitted onto the inner tube of the long tube 1, ensuring a tight fit between the top of the annular box 6 and the lower surface of the protrusion 2, with no gaps to guarantee effective adsorption. One end of the flexible hose is connected to the end of the outer tube of the long tube 1 via a sealing quick connector, and the other end is connected to the air inlet of a vacuum cleaner. An industrial-grade adjustable-speed vacuum cleaner is used, with its outlet connected to an 80L rock powder collection bag to collect the rock powder extracted from the deep hole. The vacuum cleaner is then turned on to test the negative pressure system, adjusting the suction power to 0.04MPa. The annular box 6 is observed to be stably adsorbed under the protrusion 2. Simultaneously, the connections between the flexible hose, the long tube 1, and the vacuum cleaner are checked for leaks, ensuring a good seal and stable suction power in the negative pressure system. After testing, the long tube 1 is retracted to its shortest position for easy transport to the deep hole work site.

[0034] Step 4: Deep-hole rock powder cleaning and precise delivery of explosives

[0035] Two operators work together: one supports the middle of the long tube 1, while the other holds the end of the long tube 1. The free end of the inner tube of the long tube 1 is aligned with the opening of the deep hole, and the long tube 1 is slowly inserted into the deep hole. During insertion, each section of the long tube 1 is stretched synchronously according to the depth of the deep hole, keeping the axis of the long tube 1 aligned with the axis of the deep hole to prevent collisions between the long tube 1 and the hole wall, which could lead to hole wall collapse or damage to the annular box 6. Because the vacuum cleaner is continuously operating, a stable negative pressure is formed inside the long tube 1. Under this negative pressure, the rock powder accumulated at the bottom of the hole and in the gaps between the hole walls is sequentially drawn into the vacuum cleaner through the opening at the free end of the inner tube of the long tube 1, the internal channel of the long tube 1, and the flexible hose, ultimately being collected into the rock powder collection bag, achieving real-time and thorough cleaning of the rock powder in the deep hole. The operator precisely controls the insertion depth of the long tube 1 by observing the scale lines on its outer wall. When the scale shows an insertion depth of 8.8m (i.e., the annular box 6 reaches the designated loading position 0.8m above the bottom of the deep hole), the pushing of the long tube 1 is stopped. At this time, the annular box 6 is tightly fitted with the protrusion 2 under the negative pressure adsorption, and the pressure ring 4 presses against the upper surface of the rotating block 9, causing the rotating block 9 to overcome the elastic force of the torsion spring 10 and rotate downwards, tightly fitting against the outer wall of the annular box 6, thus preventing the rotating block 9 from scraping against the hole wall during insertion.

[0036] Step 5: Separation and fixation of explosives and recovery via long tube

[0037] After confirming that the annular box 6 has reached the designated loading position, the vacuum cleaner is turned off, the negative pressure inside the long tube 1 disappears, and the adsorption and fixation between the annular box 6 and the long tube 1 is released. Under the elastic restoring force of the torsion spring 10, the rotating block 9 rotates upward around the pin axis to reset and unfolds outward. The anti-slip teeth at the end of the rotating block 9 tightly abut against the deep hole wall, embedding into the rock powder layer or rock crevices of the hole wall, stabilizing the annular box 6 in the designated position and preventing it from sliding down under gravity. The operator slowly retracts each section of the long tube 1 while smoothly pulling the long tube 1 upward. During the pulling process, it is necessary to keep the long tube 1 and the annular box 6 out of contact to avoid displacement of the annular box 6 due to collision. After the long tube 1 is completely pulled out, the annular box 6 and the explosive inside it remain stably in the designated loading position of the deep hole, completing the loading operation of a single deep hole.

[0038] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Those skilled in the art can readily implement the present invention based on the accompanying drawings and the above description. However, any modifications, alterations, or variations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention, utilizing the disclosed technical content, are equivalent embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, any modifications, alterations, or variations made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for charging explosives in deep-hole blasting, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Multiple protrusions (2) are fixedly installed on the long tube (1). Multiple through holes (3) are opened on the lower surface of the protrusions (2). After the explosives are filled into the annular box (6), the annular box (6) is fitted over the long tube (1) so that the top of the annular box (6) fits against the lower surface of the protrusions (2). One end of the long tube (1) is connected to a vacuum cleaner through a hose. Step 2: Start the vacuum cleaner to create negative pressure inside the long tube (1), and the annular box (6) is adsorbed and fixed; insert the long tube (1) into the deep hole, and the negative pressure sucks up the rock powder, pushing the long tube (1) to the annular box (6) to the designated position. Step 3: Stop the vacuum cleaner, separate the annular box (6) from the long tube (1), and after pulling out the long tube (1), the annular box (6) stays in the deep hole.

2. The method for deep-hole blasting charging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protrusion (2) is fixedly mounted with a pressure ring (4) via a connecting block (5); Multiple rotating blocks (9) are provided in the circumferential direction of the annular box (6), and a torsion spring (10) is fixedly installed between each rotating block (9) and the annular box (6); after the annular box (6) is attracted and fixed on the lower surface of the protrusion (2), the pressure ring (4) presses the rotating block (9) to make it fit against the annular box (6). After the vacuum cleaner starts working, the elastic force of the torsion spring (10) causes the annular box (6) to separate from the long tube (1), and the torsion spring (10) drives the rotating block (9) to press against the hole wall, so that the annular box (6) is fixed at the designated position of the deep hole.

3. The method for deep-hole blasting charging according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the annular box (6) is open and threadedly connected to a threaded plug (7). A hand ring (8) is fixedly installed on the threaded plug (7). The other end of the annular box (6) is provided with a wire hole. After filling the annular box (6) with explosives, the threaded plug (7) is tightened.

4. A method for deep-hole blasting charging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating block (9) has anti-slip teeth at the end away from the annular box (6).

5. A method for deep-hole blasting charging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the long tube (1) is provided with scale lines.

6. A method for deep-hole blasting charging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum cleaner has a negative pressure suction range of 0.03-0.06 MPa.

7. A method for deep-hole blasting charging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The long tube (1) is configured as a multi-segment retractable structure.

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