Multi-field rock tensile mechanics experimental device

Abstract

This invention discloses a multi-field rock tensile mechanics experimental device, specifically relating to the field of rock performance testing technology. It includes an experimental platform, with a testing component fixedly installed at the center of the upper part of the platform, a rotating component rotatably installed at the center of the upper part of the platform, a collection component at the upper part of the platform, and calibration components on the inner surfaces of two guide grooves, each with a scribing component. This invention uses two support plates on both sides to assist in correcting the position of the rock sample, ensuring the rock sample is located in the center of the upper and lower arc-shaped plates, and ensuring consistent loading conditions in each experiment. Through a rotating rod and roller, the four corners of the collection bag can be unfolded after the experiment, and the arc-shaped grooves cause the support cylinder and circular plate to rotate, collecting the scattered gravel on the circular plate. The unfolded collection bag collects the fallen gravel in real time, ensuring the integrity of the rock sample debris and avoiding omissions during manual cleaning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rock performance testing technology, and in particular to a multi-field rock tensile mechanics experimental device. Background Technology

[0002] Tensile mechanical property testing of rocks is an important test in rock mechanics, used to determine the rock's ability to resist tensile failure, i.e., its tensile strength. Because rock specimens are difficult to hold uniformly and apply pure tensile force, direct tensile testing is technically difficult and costly to implement. Therefore, indirect tensile testing is more widely used in engineering and research. This test applies a compressive force (line load) along the diameter of a disc-shaped rock specimen, inducing tensile stress in a plane perpendicular to the loading direction. When this tensile stress reaches the rock's tensile strength, the specimen will split and fail along the loading diameter (i.e., the tension plane).

[0003] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN112461654B discloses a multi-field coupling experimental device for a standard cylindrical rock sample, including a pressure chamber body, a sample support stage, an indenter, a heat-shrinkable sealing sleeve, a loading mechanism, a water supply mechanism, a heating mechanism, and a pneumatic mechanism. The device encloses the cylindrical rock sample within a sealed cavity formed by the heat-shrinkable sealing sleeve, the sample support stage, and the indenter. Through the interaction and coordination of the water supply mechanism, the heating mechanism, the pneumatic mechanism, and the pressure chamber body, the device simulates the effects of a water environment, a temperature environment, and a confining pressure environment. This simulates the mechanical behavior of the cylindrical rock sample within the sealed cavity under the influence of single or multiple environmental factors in the water environment, temperature environment, and confining pressure environment, thereby enabling rock mechanics experiments under the influence of single or complex environmental factors.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned device cannot achieve the purpose of gathering and collecting the broken samples after the experiment, nor can it help to correct the position of the rock and draw the center of the rock sample before the experiment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a multi-field rock tensile mechanics experimental device that can effectively solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A multi-field rock tensile mechanics experimental apparatus includes an experimental platform, a protective cover for protecting the internal structure, and guide grooves symmetrically arranged on the right side of the upper end of the experimental platform for limiting positioning. The apparatus is characterized by: a detection component for detecting the tensile properties of the rock being fixedly installed in the middle of the upper end of the experimental platform; a rotating component being rotatably installed in the middle of the upper end of the experimental platform; a collection component for collecting gravel located below the rotating component on the upper end of the experimental platform; correction components for calibrating the position of the rock sample being provided on the inner surfaces of both guide grooves; a scribing component for scribing lines on the surface of the rock sample being provided on one side of each of the two correction components close to each other; and an auxiliary component being provided in the middle of the lower end of the protective cover.

[0008] The correction assembly includes a T-shaped roller that is slidably connected to the inner surface of the guide groove. An L-shaped plate is fixedly installed at the rear end of the horizontal part of the T-shaped roller. A horizontal plate is provided at the rear end of the vertical part of the L-shaped plate. A hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed at the upper end of the horizontal part of the L-shaped plate.

[0009] The marking assembly includes a rotating shaft rotatably mounted on the upper end of a horizontal plate, and the rotating shaft is connected to the outer surface of the output end of a hydraulic cylinder three through a transmission structure. A gear one is fixedly mounted in the middle of the outer surface of the rotating shaft, and a gear two meshes with the outer surface of the gear one.

[0010] A toothed ring is fixedly installed at the rear end of the horizontal plate. A cross groove is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the toothed ring, and the cross groove is located on the rear side of the toothed ring. The inner surface of the toothed ring meshes with the outer surface of the second gear. An auxiliary rod is fixedly installed at the middle of the rear end of the second gear. A slider is slidably installed on the inner surface of the horizontal part of the cross groove, and a slider is slidably installed on the inner surface of the vertical part of the cross groove. A marking pen is fixedly installed at the rear end of both sliders. The front ends of sliders are rotatably connected to the rear end of the auxiliary rod.

[0011] Preferably, the detection component includes a support roller fixedly installed at the middle of the upper part of the experimental platform, a lower arc-shaped plate fixedly installed at the upper end of the support roller, scrapers symmetrically fixedly installed at the lower end of the lower arc-shaped plate, a hydraulic cylinder fixedly installed at the middle of the lower end of the protective cover, a push roller fixedly installed at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder, and an upper arc-shaped plate fixedly installed at the lower end of the push roller.

[0012] Preferably, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder three is fixedly installed with a horizontal plate two, and a support plate is symmetrically fixedly installed at the rear end of the horizontal plate two. The correction assembly also includes a hydraulic cylinder two fixedly installed on the right side of the front side wall of the inner surface of the protective cover, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder two is movably connected to the outer surface of the vertical part of the T-shaped roller.

[0013] Preferably, the auxiliary component includes a hydraulic cylinder four fixedly installed on one side of the lower end of the protective cover. An auxiliary cylinder is fixedly installed at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder four. A heating structure is fixedly installed on the upper part of the inner surface of the auxiliary cylinder. Four bending rollers are fixedly installed in a ring array on the lower side of the outer surface of the auxiliary cylinder. Rotating rods are rotatably installed on the upper ends of the horizontal portions of the four bending rollers on the lower side. Several springs are fixedly installed on the lower ends of the four rotating rods together with the horizontal portions of the bending rollers on the same side. The lower end of the push roller passes through the upper end of the auxiliary cylinder and extends to the top wall of the inner surface of the auxiliary cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, the rotating assembly includes a support cylinder rotatably mounted on the upper part of the experimental platform, with a support roller located at the center of the inner surface of the support cylinder. An arc-shaped groove and a straight groove are formed on the outer surface of the support cylinder. The straight groove is connected to the upper and lower ends of the arc-shaped groove, respectively. A stop block is rotatably mounted on the inner surface of the arc-shaped groove, located below the inner surface of the straight groove. A circular plate is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the support cylinder. A circular pin is provided on the inner surface of the arc-shaped groove. A movable ring is fixedly mounted on the end of the circular pin away from the support cylinder. U-shaped rollers are symmetrically fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the movable ring. The upper parts of the two U-shaped rollers, which are close to each other, are fixedly connected to the upper part of the outer surface of the push roller.

[0015] Preferably, the collection assembly includes a ring array of fixed plates fixed to the middle of the upper part of the experimental platform, with a collection bag provided at the lower end of the four fixed plates, and a rectangular groove opened at the upper end of each of the four fixed plates.

[0016] Preferably, the collection assembly further includes four vertical plates fixedly installed in a ring array on the upper part of the experimental platform. Several springs are fixedly installed on the side of each of the four vertical plates near the fixed plate on the same side. A clamping block is fixedly installed on the side of each of the springs near the fixed plate on the same side. The four clamping blocks are fixedly connected to the upper part of the collection bag. A rotating roller is rotatably connected to the upper end of each of the four clamping blocks. A V-shaped groove is opened on the lower side of the outer surface of each of the four rotating rollers.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] This invention uses two support plates on both sides to assist in correcting the position of the rock sample, ensuring that the rock sample is located in the middle of the upper and lower arc plates, ensuring that the loading conditions are consistent in each experiment, and also avoiding deviations in the calculation results caused by eccentric loading. After the position is corrected, a cross groove is used in conjunction with two scribing pens to draw a cross line in the center of the sample, which facilitates the subsequent pasting of strain gauges.

[0019] This invention utilizes a rotating rod and roller to unfold the four corners of the collection bag after the experiment. During the resetting process of the upper arc plate, the arc groove causes the support cylinder and the circular plate to rotate, while two scrapers simultaneously collect the scattered gravel on the circular plate. The unfolded collection bag collects the fallen gravel in real time, ensuring the integrity of the rock sample debris, avoiding omissions from manual cleaning, and reducing the tediousness of manual cleaning. Furthermore, through the combination of a heating structure and an auxiliary cylinder, the rock sample can be uniformly and controllably heated and kept at a constant temperature, allowing for the detection of the tensile mechanical properties of the rock sample at different temperatures, forming a thermo-mechanical composite field for rock detection. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall internal structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the detection component structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating component structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the collection component structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the collection component structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the correction component structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the scribing component structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the scribing component of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary component structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 10 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0031] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the collection component and auxiliary components of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 13 For the present invention Figure 12 Enlarged structural diagram at point B;

[0033] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating component structure of the present invention.

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Experimental table; 11. Protective cover; 12. Guide groove; 2. Detection assembly; 21. Hydraulic cylinder one; 22. Push roller; 23. Upper arc plate; 24. Lower arc plate; 25. Support roller; 26. Scraper; 3. Correction assembly; 31. Hydraulic cylinder two; 32. T-shaped roller; 33. L-shaped plate; 34. Horizontal plate one; 35. Hydraulic cylinder three; 36. Horizontal plate two; 37. Support plate; 4. Collection assembly; 41. Collection bag; 42. Fixing plate; 421. Rectangular groove; 43. Vertical plate; 44. Spring one; 45. Clamping block; 46. ​​Rotating roller; 461. V-groove; 5. Rotating assembly; 51. Circular plate; 52. Support cylinder; 521. Arc groove; 522. Straight groove; 53. Moving ring; 54. Circular pin; 6. Marking assembly; 61. Rotating shaft; 62. Gear ring; 63. Gear one; 64. Gear two; 65. Cross groove; 66. Auxiliary rod; 67. Slider one; 68. Marking pen; 69. Slider two; 7. Auxiliary assembly; 71. Hydraulic cylinder four; 72. Auxiliary cylinder; 73. Heating structure; 74. Bending roller; 75. Rotating rod; 76. Spring two. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0036] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a multi-field rock tensile mechanics experimental device includes an experimental platform 1, a protective cover 11 for protecting the internal structure, and guide grooves 12 symmetrically opened on the upper right side of the experimental platform 1 for limiting the position. A detection component 2 for detecting the tensile properties of rock is fixedly installed in the middle of the upper end of the experimental platform 1. A rotating component 5 is rotatably installed in the middle of the upper end of the experimental platform 1. A collection component 4 for collecting gravel is set at the upper end of the experimental platform 1 below the rotating component 5. A correction component 3 for correcting the position of the rock sample is set on the inner surface of both guide grooves 12. A scribing component 6 for scribing lines on the surface of the rock sample is set on one side of the two correction components 3 that are close to each other. An auxiliary component 7 is set in the middle of the lower end of the protective cover 11.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 3 The detection component 2 includes a support roller 25 fixedly installed at the middle of the upper end of the experimental platform 1. A lower arc plate 24 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the support roller 25. Scrapers 26 are symmetrically fixedly installed at the lower end of the lower arc plate 24. A hydraulic cylinder 21 is fixedly installed at the middle of the lower end of the protective cover 11. A push roller 22 is fixedly installed at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 21. An upper arc plate 23 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the push roller 22.

[0038] It should be noted that a load sensor commonly used in the prior art is provided at the connection between the lower end of the push roller 22 and the upper end of the upper arc plate 23 to measure the total compressive force applied to the rock sample. At the same time, displacement sensors commonly used in the prior art are provided on both the left and right sides of the lower end of the upper arc plate 23 to measure the relative displacement between the upper arc plate 23 and the lower arc plate 24 during the detection process. The specific structure and working principle of the load sensor and displacement sensor will not be described in detail in this solution.

[0039] Specifically, in the process of testing the tensile mechanical properties of rock, the front side of the protective cover 11 is first opened, and the prepared rock sample is placed on the upper arc surface of the lower arc plate 24.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 7 The correction assembly 3 includes a T-shaped roller 32 that is slidably connected to the inner surface of the guide groove 12. An L-shaped plate 33 is fixedly installed at the rear end of the horizontal part of the T-shaped roller 32. A horizontal plate 34 is provided at the rear end of the vertical part of the L-shaped plate 33. A hydraulic cylinder 35 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the horizontal part of the L-shaped plate 33. A horizontal plate 36 is fixedly installed at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 35. A support plate 37 is symmetrically fixedly installed at the rear end of the horizontal plate 36. In use, the hydraulic cylinder 35, the horizontal plate 36, and the support plate 37 cooperate to push the rock sample and adjust the rock sample to be fixed at the middle of the upper end of the lower arc plate 24.

[0041] In addition, it should be clarified that the connection between the horizontal plate 34 and the L-shaped plate 33 includes, but is not limited to, snap-fit ​​fixing. It is only necessary to ensure that the height of the horizontal plate 34 can be adjusted according to the size of the rock radius, and that the horizontal plate 34 and the L-shaped plate 33 can be fixed after the height of the horizontal plate 34 is adjusted.

[0042] At this time, the materials used to manufacture the two support plates 37 mentioned above include, but are not limited to, engineering ceramics, which have high temperature resistance and high stability.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 7 The correction assembly 3 also includes a hydraulic cylinder 31 fixedly installed on the right side of the front side wall of the inner surface of the protective cover 11, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 31 is movably connected to the outer surface of the vertical part of the T-shaped roller 32.

[0044] Specifically, after the rock sample is placed on the upper end of the lower arc plate 24, the hydraulic cylinder 31 is activated. Then, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 31 pushes the vertical part of the T-shaped roller 32 towards the side near the support roller 25, i.e., the center of the upper end of the experimental platform 1. During the pushing process, the T-shaped roller 32 moves along the inner surface of the guide groove 12. During the movement of the T-shaped roller 32, it will drive the L-shaped plate 33, the horizontal plate 34, the hydraulic cylinder 35, the horizontal plate 36, and the support plate 37 to move simultaneously. When the T-shaped roller 32 is pushed by the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 31 to the rear side of the inner surface of the guide groove 12, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 31 stops running.

[0045] Then, the hydraulic cylinder 35 is activated, causing the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 35 to push the horizontal plate 36 and the two support plates 37 closer to the rock sample. Through the cooperation of the horizontal plate 36 on the front and rear sides of the rock sample and the two support plates 37 on the same side, the rock sample is moved to the center position of the upper end of the lower arc plate 24 before testing the tensile mechanical properties of the rock. This avoids the rock sample being misplaced and causing eccentric loading, which would lead to a complex stress distribution and introduce shear stress or bending moment, causing the calculated tensile strength to deviate from the true value.

[0046] After the rock sample is pushed to the center of the upper end of the lower arc plate 24 by the two support plates 37 on both sides, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 21 pushes the push roller 22 and the upper arc plate 23 downward. When the lower end of the upper arc plate 23 contacts the upper part of the outer surface of the rock sample, the operation of the hydraulic cylinder 21 stops.

[0047] Next, after the upper arc plate 23 and the lower arc plate 24 cooperate to hold the surface of the fixed rock sample, the hydraulic cylinder 35 is activated, causing the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 35 to drive the horizontal plate 36 and the two support plates 37 on the same side to move forward simultaneously, thereby releasing the two support plates 37 from correcting and pushing the rock sample.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 8 The marking assembly 6 includes a rotating shaft 61 rotatably mounted on the upper end of the horizontal plate 34, and the rotating shaft 61 is connected to the outer surface of the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 35 through a transmission structure. A gear 63 is fixedly mounted in the middle of the outer surface of the rotating shaft 61, and a gear 64 meshes with the outer surface of the gear 63.

[0049] It should be clarified that the transmission structure between the rotating shaft 61 and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 35 includes the rack, gear, and bevel gear set structures commonly used in the prior art. The gear meshing with the rack has a one-way rotating shaft inside. When the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 35 pushes the horizontal plate 2 36 backward to assist in correcting the position of the rock sample, the gear rotates while the rotating shaft 61 does not rotate due to the one-way rotating shaft. Similarly, when the hydraulic cylinder 35 moves forward, the rack drives the gear to rotate, and then, through the one-way rotating shaft and the bevel gear set, the rotating shaft 61 is driven to rotate counterclockwise when the hydraulic cylinder 35 moves forward.

[0050] When the two support plates 37 move forward and release the correction push on the rock sample, the rotating shaft 61 is driven to rotate. At the same time, gear 63 is driven to rotate by the rotating shaft 61, and then through meshing, gear 64 is driven to rotate during the rotation of gear 63.

[0051] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 9 A toothed ring 62 is fixedly installed at the rear end of the horizontal plate 34. A cross groove 65 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the toothed ring 62, and the cross groove 65 is located on the rear side of the toothed ring 62. The inner surface of the toothed ring 62 meshes with the outer surface of the gear 64. An auxiliary rod 66 is fixedly installed at the middle of the rear end of the gear 64. A slider 67 is slidably installed on the inner surface of the horizontal part of the cross groove 65. A slider 69 is slidably installed on the inner surface of the vertical part of the cross groove 65. A marking pen 68 is fixedly installed at the rear end of both slider 67 and slider 69. The front ends of slider 67 and slider 69 are rotatably connected to the rear end of the auxiliary rod 66.

[0052] The aforementioned marking pen 68 is a conventional technology in the prior art, including but not limited to high-temperature marking pens, which can leave marks on rock samples without affecting the subsequent use of glue.

[0053] When the T-shaped roller 32 is pushed to the rear side of the inner surface of the guide groove 12 by the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 31, the rear ends of the two scribing pens 68 are in close contact with the front end of the rock.

[0054] Furthermore, during the process of the second gear 64 being driven to rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft 61, it rotates clockwise by meshing with the inner surface of the gear ring 62, and at the same time, it can drive the auxiliary rod 66 to rotate around the center of the second gear 64.

[0055] Next, as the auxiliary rod 66 is driven by gear 2 64 to rotate around the center of gear 2 64 and revolve around the axis of shaft 61, the auxiliary rod 66 is driven by gear 2 64 to rotate clockwise. As a result, the auxiliary rod 66 drives slider 2 69 and the marking pen 68 on the same side to move upward along the inner surface of the vertical part of the cross groove 65. At this time, slider 1 67 and the marking pen 68 on the same side are in close contact with the right side wall of the inner surface of the horizontal part of the cross groove 65. At the same time, the auxiliary rod 66 and slider 1 67 rotate to adjust the angle of the auxiliary rod 66. As the auxiliary rod 66 continues to rotate, slider 2 69 and the marking pen 68 on the same side continue to move upward, while slider 1 67 drives the marking pen 68 on the same side to move to the right.

[0056] During the rotation of the rotating shaft 61, the gear 64 and the auxiliary rod 66 revolve around the axis of the rotating shaft 61 while rotating on their own axis, thereby enabling the slider 69 to drive the marking pen 68 on the same side to move up and down once along the inner surface of the vertical part of the cross groove 65, while the slider 67 drives the marking pen 68 on the same side to move left and right once along the inner surface of the horizontal part of the cross groove 65.

[0057] Furthermore, during the movement of the two scribing pens 68, traces will be left on the rock surface. The center of the rock sample is highlighted by the two intersecting traces, and the sample center is determined by the cross intersection.

[0058] Furthermore, after the two scribing pens 68 scribble lines on the surface of the rock sample to determine the sample center, the second hydraulic cylinder 31 is activated. The output end of the second hydraulic cylinder 31 then drives the T-shaped roller 32, the L-shaped plate 33, and the first horizontal plate 34 to move forward along the inner surface of the guide groove 12. This moves the third hydraulic cylinder 35, the second horizontal plate 36, the two support plates 37, and the scribing assembly 6 away from the rock sample as a whole, without affecting the subsequent tensile mechanical property experiments.

[0059] Researchers can apply glue to the center of the cross and attach the strain gauge, which is commonly used in existing technologies, to the center of the rock sample. They can also weld the connecting wires and strain gauges, which are used in existing technologies, to ensure that the strain gauge can directly measure the local strain, i.e. the degree of deformation, on the surface of the rock sample.

[0060] In addition, the strain gauges mentioned above are made of high-temperature resistant materials, which facilitates subsequent tensile mechanical property tests on rock samples at different temperatures.

[0061] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 10 and Figure 11The auxiliary component 7 includes a hydraulic cylinder 71 fixedly installed on one side of the lower end of the protective cover 11. An auxiliary cylinder 72 is fixedly installed at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 71. A heating structure 73 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the inner surface of the auxiliary cylinder 72. Four bending rollers 74 are fixedly installed in a ring array on the lower side of the outer surface of the auxiliary cylinder 72. Rotating rods 75 are rotatably installed on the upper part of the horizontal part of the lower side of the four bending rollers 74. Several springs 76 are fixedly installed on the lower end of the four rotating rods 75 together with the lower horizontal part of the bending rollers 74 on the same side. The lower end of the push roller 22 passes through the upper end of the auxiliary cylinder 72 and extends to the top wall of the inner surface of the auxiliary cylinder 72.

[0062] The aforementioned heating structure 73 is a conventional technology in the prior art, comprising an infrared heating element, an infrared lamp, and a temperature sensor. When heating a rock sample using the heating structure 73, the operation of the infrared heating element can be controlled in conjunction with several infrared lamps to continuously heat the rock sample inside the auxiliary cylinder 72. The temperature sensor monitors the temperature rise inside the auxiliary cylinder 72 in real time. When the temperature inside the auxiliary cylinder 72 reaches the predetermined temperature, it is kept warm for a period of time to ensure that the temperature of the rock sample is uniform.

[0063] Furthermore, after adhesive strain gauges are attached to the center of both the front and rear ends of the rock sample, the test is prepared. First, the hydraulic cylinder 71 is activated, causing the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 71 to push the auxiliary cylinder 72 and the heating structure 73 downward. During the descent of the auxiliary cylinder 72, it will slide down along the outer surface of the push roller 22 until the lower end of the auxiliary cylinder 72 is in close contact with the upper end of the circular plate 51.

[0064] Then, after the lower end of the auxiliary cylinder 72 is in close contact with the upper end of the circular plate 51, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 21 continues to slowly push the push roller 22 and the upper arc plate 23 downward. During the pushing process, the upper arc plate 23 slowly squeezes the rock sample. Similarly, after the load sensor between the push roller 22 and the upper arc plate 23 detects that the rock sample has cracked, it quickly feeds back a signal, and then the hydraulic cylinder 21 stops running. At this time, the upper arc plate 23 no longer squeezes the rock sample.

[0065] In another embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 4 and Figure 14The rotating assembly 5 includes a support cylinder 52 rotatably mounted on the upper end of the experimental platform 1, and a support roller 25 located at the center of the inner surface of the support cylinder 52. An arc-shaped groove 521 and a straight groove 522 are provided on the outer surface of the support cylinder 52. The straight groove 522 is connected to the upper and lower ends of the arc-shaped groove 521 respectively. A stop block is rotatably mounted on the inner surface of the arc-shaped groove 521 located on the lower side of the inner surface of the straight groove 522. A circular plate 51 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the support cylinder 52. A circular pin 54 is provided on the inner surface of the arc-shaped groove 521. A moving ring 53 is fixedly mounted on the end of the circular pin 54 away from the support cylinder 52. U-shaped rollers are symmetrically fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the moving ring 53. The upper part of the two U-shaped rollers, which are close to each other, are fixedly connected to the upper part of the outer surface of the push roller 22.

[0066] It should be noted that the vertical sections of both U-shaped rollers are telescopic rods.

[0067] Furthermore, during the process of the upper arc plate 23 being pushed downward against the outer surface of the rock sample by the output end of the push roller 22 and the hydraulic cylinder 21, the push roller 22 drives the two U-shaped rollers to drive the moving ring 53 and the round pin 54 to descend simultaneously. During the descent of the round pin 54, it will slide downward along the inner surface of the straight groove 522. When the round pin 54 descends to the lower side of the inner surface of the straight groove 522 and the connection point of the arc groove 521, the round pin 54 continues to descend and pushes the stop block to rotate, so that the stop block does not affect the descent of the round pin 54. When the round pin 54 descends to the bottom wall of the inner surface of the arc groove 521, the stop block returns to its original position.

[0068] The force of the telescopic rod of the vertical part of the U-shaped roller being squeezed and contracted is greater than the force of the round pin 54 pushing the stop block to rotate during the descent of the round pin 54. During the descent of the round pin 54, it first descends along the inner surface of the straight groove 522.

[0069] Then, after the auxiliary cylinder 72 descends and comes into close contact with the upper end of the circular plate 51 in preparation for testing, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 21 continues to slowly push the push roller 22 and the upper arc plate 23 downwards. At this time, the push roller 22 compresses the telescopic rods of the vertical parts of the two U-shaped rollers. Meanwhile, during the descent of the upper arc plate 23, when the rock sample cracks, there may be flying debris. Through the cooperation of the auxiliary cylinder 72 and the circular plate 51, the debris falls onto the upper end of the circular plate 51.

[0070] After the rock sample cracks, the output end of hydraulic cylinder 71 drives the auxiliary cylinder 72 to rise, at which point the cracked rock sample is exposed, and the experimenters record the state of the rock sample by taking pictures.

[0071] In another embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 5 The collection component 4 includes a ring array of fixed plates 42 fixed to the middle of the upper part of the experimental table 1. The lower ends of the four fixed plates 42 are provided with a collection bag 41, and the upper ends of the four fixed plates 42 are provided with rectangular grooves 421.

[0072] The connection between the four fixing plates 42 and the collection bag 41 can be made by means of snap-fit, as long as one side of the collection bag 41 can be fixed by the four fixing plates 42 and can still be removed.

[0073] In another embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 The collection component 4 also includes four vertical plates 43 fixedly installed in a ring array on the upper part of the experimental table 1. Several springs 44 are fixedly installed on the side of the four vertical plates 43 near the fixed plate 42 on the same side. Several springs 44 on the same side near the fixed plate 42 are fixedly installed together with clamping blocks 45. The four clamping blocks 45 are fixedly connected to the upper part of the collection bag 41. The upper end of each of the four clamping blocks 45 is rotatably connected to a rotating roller 46. The lower side of the outer surface of each of the four rotating rollers 46 is provided with a V-shaped groove 461.

[0074] Specifically, before the test begins, the collection bag 41 is fixed to one side of the support roller 25 with four fixing plates 42, and then the other side of the collection bag 41 is fixed with four clamps 45. Then, the rotating roller 46 and the clamps 45 are pulled, and by adjusting the angle of the rotating roller 46, the inner surface of the V-shaped groove 461 contacts one side of the inner surface of the rectangular groove 421. Then, through the cooperation of the V-shaped groove 461 and the rectangular groove 421, the rotating roller 46 is stuck on the side of the upper end of the fixing plate 42 away from the support roller 25. At the same time, through the cooperation of the vertical plate 43, several springs 44 are stretched.

[0075] like Figure 12 and Figure 13 During the descent of the auxiliary cylinder 72, it drives the four bending rollers 74, the rotating rod 75 on the same side, and several springs 76 to descend simultaneously. When the bending rollers 74, the rotating rod 75, and the springs 76 are driven to descend and contact the jammed rotating roller 46, the rotating roller 46 will prevent the rotating rod 75 from continuing to descend. However, the auxiliary cylinder 72 will continue to drive the four bending rollers 74 to descend. When the bending rollers 74 continue to descend, the rotating rod 75 is limited by the rotating roller 46, causing the rotating rod 75 to rotate towards the side closer to the vertical part of the bending roller 74. At the same time, the springs 76 are stretched. When the rotating rod 75 rotates and descends until the rotating roller 46 no longer obstructs the rotating rod 75, the stretched springs 76 drive the rotating rod 75 to rotate away from the vertical part of the bending roller 74 to reset.

[0076] Furthermore, as the upper arc plate 23 slowly descends, causing the rock sample to crack, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 71 drives the auxiliary cylinder 72 and four bending rollers 74 to rise. During the rise of the four bending rollers 74, the rotating rod 75 on the same side and several springs 76 move upward. Through the cooperation of the horizontal part on the lower side of the bending rollers 74, the rotating rod 75 can be prevented from continuing to rotate away from the vertical part of the bending rollers 74.

[0077] Similarly, as the rotating rod 75 is driven upward by the bending roller 74, the upper end of the rotating rod 75 is in close contact with the lower side of the outer surface of the rotating roller 46. As the rotating rod 75 continues to rise, it pushes the rotating roller 46 to rotate, so that the inner surface of the V-shaped groove 461 is no longer stuck to the upper end of the horizontal part of the fixed plate 42. When the rotating roller 46 rotates until the V-shaped groove 461 is disengaged from the upper end of the fixed plate 42, the rotating rod 75 and several springs 76 continue to be driven upward by the bending roller 74 and the auxiliary cylinder 72. At the same time, the stretched springs 44, together with the vertical plate 43 on the same side, drive the clamping block 45 and the rotating roller 46 to reset towards the side closer to the vertical plate 43, thereby realizing that the four corners of the collection bag 41 away from the fixed plate 42 are unfolded, thereby driving the opening of the entire collection bag 41 to unfold.

[0078] After the collection bag 41 is unfolded, the output end of hydraulic cylinder 21 drives the push roller 22 and the upper arc plate 23 to rise. At the same time, the telescopic rods of the vertical parts of the two U-shaped rollers are moved back to their original positions. Simultaneously, some of the cracked rock samples between the upper arc plate 23 and the lower arc plate 24 will scatter onto the upper end of the circular plate 51. After the push roller 22 moves upward until the telescopic rods of the U-shaped rollers return to their original positions, the operation of hydraulic cylinder 21 is paused. Then, the experimenters take pictures to record the shape of the rock fragmentation. After all the pictures and records are completed, hydraulic cylinder 21 is activated. 1. The output end of hydraulic cylinder 21 continues to drive the push roller 22 and the upper arc plate 23 to move upward, while simultaneously driving the two U-shaped rollers, the moving ring 53, and the round pin 54 to move upward. When the round pin 54 moves upward, the stop block prevents the round pin 54 from rising along the inner surface of the straight groove 522, so that the round pin 54 can only enter the inner surface of the arc groove 521. Then, when the round pin 54 moves upward, through its cooperation with the arc groove 521, the support cylinder 52 is driven to rotate one revolution. Similarly, during the rotation of the support cylinder 52, the round plate 51 will rotate simultaneously.

[0079] As the circular plate 51 rotates, it works in conjunction with two scrapers 26 to clean and collect the gravel, avoiding the need for manual cleaning to remove small fragments or powders. At the same time, the unfolded collection bag 41 can collect the gravel that falls during the gravel collection process, ensuring the integrity of the sample debris for subsequent analysis. After the researchers continue to collect the collected gravel using the collection bag 41, they replace it with a new collection bag 41 and use the rotating roller 46 in conjunction with the clamping block 45 to close the opening of the unused collection bag 41.

[0080] Then, the same rock sample is placed on the upper end of the lower arc plate 24. After the same correction position and scribing to determine the center, the auxiliary cylinder 72 is lowered to be in close contact with the upper end of the circular plate 51. Then the heating structure 73 is activated to simultaneously heat the rock sample and the corresponding upper arc plate 23 and lower arc plate 24. After reaching the preset temperature, the temperature is kept constant for a period of time to ensure that the internal temperature of the rock sample also reaches the preset temperature.

[0081] Then, after determining that the temperature of the rock sample has reached the predetermined value, the hydraulic cylinder 21 is activated, causing the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 21 to push the push roller 22 and the upper arc plate 23 downwards to continue the tensile mechanical experiment. The above operation is repeated to adjust the temperature of the rock sample, detect the tensile mechanical properties of the rock sample at different temperatures, and detect the performance of the rock sample under the combined temperature and mechanical conditions.

[0082] It should be noted that the specific installation methods, circuit connection methods, and control methods of hydraulic cylinders 21, 31, 35, and 71 used in this invention are all conventional designs, and will not be described in detail here.

[0083] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-field rock tensile mechanics experimental apparatus, comprising an experimental platform (1), a protective cover (11) for protecting the internal structure, and guide grooves (12) symmetrically arranged on the upper right side of the experimental platform (1) for limiting movement, characterized in that: The experimental platform (1) is fixedly installed with a testing component (2) for testing the tensile properties of rocks. The experimental platform (1) is rotatably installed with a rotating component (5) at the upper middle part. The experimental platform (1) is located below the rotating component (5) and the upper end of the experimental platform (1) is provided with a collection component (4) for collecting gravel. The inner surfaces of the two guide grooves (12) are provided with a correction component (3) for correcting the position of the rock sample. The two correction components (3) are provided with a scribing component (6) for scribing on the surface of the rock sample on one side close to each other. The protective cover (11) is provided with an auxiliary component (7) at the lower middle part. The correction component (3) includes a T-shaped roller (32) that is slidably connected to the inner surface of the guide groove (12). An L-shaped plate (33) is fixedly installed at the rear end of the horizontal part of the T-shaped roller (32). A horizontal plate (34) is provided at the rear end of the vertical part of the L-shaped plate (33). A hydraulic cylinder (35) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the horizontal part of the L-shaped plate (33). The marking assembly (6) includes a rotating shaft (61) rotatably mounted on the upper end of the horizontal plate (34), and the rotating shaft (61) is connected to the outer surface of the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (35) through a transmission structure. A gear (63) is fixedly mounted in the middle of the outer surface of the rotating shaft (61), and a gear (64) meshes with the outer surface of the gear (63). A toothed ring (62) is fixedly installed at the rear end of the first horizontal plate (34). A cross groove (65) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the toothed ring (62), and the cross groove (65) is located on the rear side of the toothed ring (62). The inner surface of the toothed ring (62) meshes with the outer surface of the second gear (64). An auxiliary rod (66) is fixedly installed at the middle of the rear end of the second gear (64). A slider (67) is slidably installed on the inner surface of the horizontal part of the cross groove (65). A slider (69) is slidably installed on the inner surface of the vertical part of the cross groove (65). A drawing pen (68) is fixedly installed at the rear end of both slider (67) and slider (69). The front ends of slider (67) and slider (69) are rotatably connected to the rear end of the auxiliary rod (66).

2. The multi-field rock tensile mechanics experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection component (2) includes a support roller (25) fixedly installed at the middle of the upper end of the experimental table (1). A lower arc plate (24) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the support roller (25). A scraper (26) is symmetrically fixedly installed at the lower end of the lower arc plate (24). A hydraulic cylinder (21) is fixedly installed at the middle of the lower end of the protective cover (11). A push roller (22) is fixedly installed at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (21). An upper arc plate (23) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the push roller (22).

3. The multi-field rock tensile mechanics experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the hydraulic cylinder three (35) is fixedly installed with a horizontal plate two (36), and the rear end of the horizontal plate two (36) is symmetrically fixedly installed with a support plate (37). The correction component (3) also includes a hydraulic cylinder two (31) fixedly installed on the right side of the front side wall of the inner surface of the protective cover (11), and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder two (31) is movably connected to the outer surface of the vertical part of the T-shaped roller (32).

4. The multi-field rock tensile mechanics experimental apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: The auxiliary component (7) includes a hydraulic cylinder four (71) fixedly installed on one side of the lower end of the protective cover (11). An auxiliary cylinder (72) is fixedly installed at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder four (71). A heating structure (73) is fixedly installed on the upper part of the inner surface of the auxiliary cylinder (72). Four bending rollers (74) are fixedly installed in a ring array on the lower side of the outer surface of the auxiliary cylinder (72). Rotating rods (75) are rotatably installed on the upper part of the horizontal part of the four bending rollers (74) on the lower side. Several springs (76) are fixedly installed on the lower end of the four rotating rods (75) together with the horizontal part of the lower side of the bending rollers (74) on the same side. The lower end of the push roller (22) penetrates the upper end of the auxiliary cylinder (72) and extends to the top wall of the inner surface of the auxiliary cylinder (72).

5. The multi-field rock tensile mechanics experimental apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating assembly (5) includes a support cylinder (52) rotatably mounted on the upper end of the experimental platform (1), and a support roller (25) located at the center of the inner surface of the support cylinder (52). An arc groove (521) is provided on the outer surface of the support cylinder (52), and a straight groove (522) is provided on the outer surface of the support cylinder (52). The straight groove (522) is connected to the upper and lower ends of the arc groove (521) respectively. A stop block is rotatably mounted on the inner surface of the arc groove (521) located on the lower side of the inner surface of the straight groove (522). A circular plate (51) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the support cylinder (52). A circular pin (54) is provided on the inner surface of the arc groove (521). A moving ring (53) is fixedly mounted on the end of the circular pin (54) away from the support cylinder (52). U-shaped rollers are symmetrically fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the moving ring (53). The upper part of the two U-shaped rollers is close to each other and is fixedly connected to the upper part of the outer surface of the push roller (22).

6. The multi-field rock tensile mechanics experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collection component (4) includes a ring array of fixed plates (42) fixed to the middle of the upper part of the experimental table (1), and a collection bag (41) is provided at the lower end of the four fixed plates (42). A rectangular groove (421) is provided at the upper end of each of the four fixed plates (42).

7. The multi-field rock tensile mechanics experimental apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that: The collection assembly (4) also includes four vertical plates (43) fixedly installed in a ring array on the upper end of the experimental table (1). Several springs (44) are fixedly installed on the side of the four vertical plates (43) near the fixed plate (42) on the same side. Clamping blocks (45) are fixedly installed on the side of the several springs (44) near the fixed plate (42) on the same side. The four clamping blocks (45) are fixedly connected to the upper part of the collection bag (41). Rollers (46) are rotatably connected to the upper end of the four clamping blocks (45). V-shaped grooves (461) are opened on the lower side of the outer surface of the four rollers (46).

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